Academic literature on the topic 'Zonal models'

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Journal articles on the topic "Zonal models"

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Gagneau, S., and F. Allard. "About the construction of autonomous zonal models." Energy and Buildings 33, no. 3 (February 2001): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-7788(00)00088-8.

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Moeltner, Klaus. "Addressing aggregation bias in zonal recreation models." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 45, no. 1 (January 2003): 128–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0095-0696(02)00014-1.

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Stransky, M. "ITG sideband coupling models for zonal flows." Physics of Plasmas 18, no. 5 (May 2011): 052302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3586796.

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Frolenko, V. N. "Models of optimal synthesis of zonal aerospace snapshots." Kosmìčna nauka ì tehnologìâ 5, no. 2-3 (March 30, 1999): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/knit1999.02.013.

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Matai, R., and P. A. Durbin. "Zonal Eddy Viscosity Models Based on Machine Learning." Flow, Turbulence and Combustion 103, no. 1 (February 9, 2019): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10494-019-00011-5.

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Goyal, M., and U. Verma. "Zonal trend-agrometeorological models for wheat yield estimation in Haryana." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1485–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i3.988.

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An attempt has been made to assess the impact of weather variables for district-level wheat yield estimation in Haryana. Fortnightly weather data and trend based yield were used for developing the zonal trendagrometeorological (agromet) models within the framework of multiple linear regression and discriminant function analyses. The district level wheat yield forecasts, percent deviations from the real time wheat yield (s) and root mean square error(s) at zonal level show a preference of using discriminant/weather scores as regressors in almost all the considered districts of the state. Zonal trend-agromet models provided considerable improvement in district-level wheat yield prediction moreover the yield estimates may be obtained 4-5 weeks in advance of the harvest time. The estimated yield(s) from the selected zonal models showed good agreement with State Department of Agriculture (DOA) wheat yields by showing less than 5 percent deviations in 9 districts and 6-11 percent deviations in the remaining 9 districts under consideration.
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Liu, Y., and P. G. Tucker. "Contrasting zonal LES and non-linear zonal URANS models when predicting a complex electronics system flow." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 71, no. 1 (2007): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1922.

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Kim, Eun-jin. "Turbulence regulation by stochastic zonal flows in dynamical models." Physics of Plasmas 12, no. 9 (September 2005): 090902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2034287.

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Fejer, Bela G., and Ludger Scherliess. "Empirical models of storm time equatorial zonal electric fields." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 102, A11 (November 1, 1997): 24047–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97ja02164.

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Chmielewski, Maciej, and Marian Gieras. "Three-zonal Wall Function for k-ε Turbulence Models." Computational Methods in Science and Technology 19, no. 2 (May 29, 2013): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12921/cmst.2013.19.02.107-114.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Zonal models"

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Griffith, Brent T. (Brent Thomas) 1967. "Incorporating nodal and zonal room air models into building energy calculation procedures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34970.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2002.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-111).
by Brent T. Griffith.
S.M.
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Gallagher, Stephen J. "Zonal flow generation through four wave interaction in reduced models of fusion plasma turbulence." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/59703/.

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In tokamaks, turbulence is a key contributor to cross field transport. However, it is also responsible for the spontaneous generation of large scale structures such as zonal ows. These are of relevance to fusion plasmas as they can create transport barriers which aid plasma confinement. The interaction between drift waves and zonal ows can be investigated using reduced models such as the Hasegawa- Mima and Hasegawa-Wakatani equations. A four-wave truncated model is developed for the Extended-Hasegawa-Mima (EHM) equation. This produces a set of four ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that are used to investigate the modulational instability (MI), a mechanism by which drift waves can produce a zonal ow. These equations are linearised to produce a dispersion relation for the MI which is used to produce a set of maps of the linear growth rate of the MI. These show how additional modes become unstable as the gyroradius is increased. The truncated model and dispersion relation are then compared to measurements taken from simulations of the full EHM partial differential equation (PDE) which has been seeded with an appropriate initial condition. Good agreement is found when the pump wave has no component in the direction of the density gradient. A similar truncated model is derived for the Extended-Hasegawa-Wakatani (EHW) equations. As the EHW system has separate equations for density and potential this leads to a set of eight ODEs. The linearisation technique used for the EHM system cannot be applied here. Instead, approximations based on the built in EHW instability are made to calculate a linear growth rate for the zonal ow using the ODEs describing it. These analytical predictions are then compared to a full PDE simulation of the system, which is initialised using random noise. It is found that for particular sets of waves the ODEs provide a good prediction of the linear growth rate. A driving term is added to the EHM equation to reproduce the effect of the built in instability of the EHW equations. This causes a drift wave spectrum to grow when full EHW PDE simulations are seeded with random noise. The four-wave ODE model is updated to include this driving. The ODE model again produces good predictions for the growth rate of the zonal flow.
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Claesson, Daniel. "Improved Experimental Agreement of Ionization and Pressure Peak Location by Adding a Dynamical NO-Model." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2462.

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Modelling combustion engines is an important tool in engine research. Development and modelling of ionization current has potential in developing virtual pressure sensors based on ionization measurements. Previous models has problem when predicting the true relationshipbetween the pressure peak location and ionization peak location, and both too early and too late predictions has been observed. An explanation for these discrepancies are provided and a model where the experimental mismatch has been reduced to less than one CAD is also presented. This is well within the measurement uncertainty.

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Andrienko, Daniil. "Non-equilibrium Models for High Temperature Gas Flows." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1405505300.

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Artiges, Nils. "De l'instrumentation au contrôle optimal prédictif pour la performance énergétique du bâtiment." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT003/document.

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Face aux forts besoins de réduction de la consommation énergétique et de l’impact environnemental,le bâtiment d’aujourd’hui vise la performance en s’appuyant sur des sourcesd’énergie de plus en plus diversifiées (énergies renouvelables), une enveloppe mieux conçue(isolation) et des systèmes de gestion plus avancés. Plus la conception vise la basse consommation,plus les interactions entre ses composants sont complexes et peu intuitives. Seule unerégulation plus intégrée permettrait de prendre en compte cette complexité et d’optimiser lefonctionnement pour atteindre la basse consommation sans sacrifier le confort.Les techniques de commande prédictive, fondées sur l’utilisation de modèles dynamiqueset de techniques d’optimisation, promettent une réduction des consommations et de l’inconfort.Elles permettent en effet d’anticiper l’évolution des sources et des besoins intermittentstout en tirant parti de l’inertie thermique du bâtiment, de ses systèmes et autres élémentsde stockage. Cependant, dans le cas du bâtiment, l’obtention d’un modèle dynamique suffisammentprécis présente des difficultés du fait d’incertitudes importantes sur les paramètresdu modèle et les sollicitations du système. Les avancées récentes dans le domaine de l’instrumentationdomotique constituent une opportunité prometteuse pour la réduction de cesincertitudes, mais la conception d’un tel système pour une telle application n’est pas triviale.De fait, il devient nécessaire de pouvoir considérer les problématiques de monitoring énergétique,d’instrumentation, de commande prédictive et de modélisation de façon conjointe.Cette thèse vise à identifier les liens entre commande prédictive et instrumentation dansle bâtiment, en proposant puis exploitant une méthode générique de modélisation du bâtiment,de simulation thermique et de résolution de problèmes d’optimisation. Cette méthodologiemet en oeuvre une modélisation thermique multizone du bâtiment, et des algorithmesd’optimisation reposant sur un modèle adjoint et les outils du contrôle optimal. Elle a étéconcrétisée dans un outil de calcul permettant de mettre en place une stratégie de commandeprédictive comportant des phases de commande optimale, d’estimation d’état et decalibration.En premier lieu, nous étudions la formulation et la résolution d’un problème de commandeoptimale. Nous abordons les différences entre un tel contrôle et une stratégie de régulationclassique, entre autres sur la prise en compte d’indices de performance et de contraintes. Nousprésentons ensuite une méthode d’estimation d’état basée sur l’identification de gains thermiquesinternes inconnus. Cette méthode d’estimation est couplée au calcul de commandeoptimale pour former une stratégie de commande prédictive.Les valeurs des paramètres d’un modèle de bâtiment sont souvent très incertaines. Lacalibration paramétrique du modèle est incontournable pour réduire les erreurs de prédictionet garantir la performance d’une commande optimale. Nous appliquons alors notreméthodologie à une technique de calibration basée sur des mesures de températures in situ.Nous ouvrons ensuite sur des méthodes permettant d’orienter le choix des capteurs à utiliser(nombre, positionnement) et des paramètres à calibrer en exploitant les gradients calculéspar la méthode adjointe.La stratégie de commande prédictive a été mise en oeuvre sur un bâtiment expérimentalprès de Chambéry. Dans le cadre de cette étude, l’intégralité du bâtiment a été modélisé,et les différentes étapes de notre commande prédictive ont été ensuite déployées de mainière séquentielle. Cette mise en oeuvre permet d’étudier les enjeux et les difficultés liées àl’implémentation d’une commande prédictive sur un bâtiment réel.Cette thèse est issue d’une collaboration entre le CEA Leti, l’IFSTTAR de Nantes et leG2ELab, et s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet ANR PRECCISION
More efficient energy management of buildings through the use of Model Predictive Control(MPC) techniques is a key issue to reduce the environmental impact of buildings. Buildingenergy performance is currently improved by using renewable energy sources, a betterdesign of the building envelope (insulation) and the use of advanced management systems.The more the design aims for high performance, the more interactions and coupling effectsbetween the building, its environment and the conditions of use are important and unintuitive.Only a more integrated regulation would take in account this complexity, and couldhelp to optimize the consumption without compromising the comfort.Model Predictive Control techniques, based on the use of dynamic models and optimizationmethods, promise a reduction of consumption and discomfort. They can generate energysavings by anticipating the evolution of renewable sources and intermittent needs, while takingadvantage of the building thermal inertia and other storage items. However, in the caseof buildings, obtaining a good dynamic model is tough, due to important uncertainties onmodel parameters and system solicitations.Recent advances in the field of wireless sensor networks are fostering the deployment ofsensors in buildings, and offer a promising opportunity to reduce these errors. Nevertheless,designing a sensor network dedicated to MPC is not obvious, and energy monitoring,instrumentation, modeling and predictive control matters must be considered jointly.This thesis aims at establishing the links between MPC and instrumentation needs inbuildings. We propose a generic method for building modeling, thermal simulation andoptimization. This methodology involves a multi-zone thermal model of the building, andefficient optimization algorithms using an adjoint model and tools from the optimal controltheory. It was implemented in a specific toolbox to develop a predictive control strategywith optimal control phases, state estimation phases and model calibration.At first, we study the formulation and resolution of an optimal control problem. We discussthe differences between such a control and a conventional regulation strategy, throughperformance indicators. Then, we present a state estimation method based on the identificationof unknown internal gains. This estimation method is subsequently coupled with theoptimal control method to form a predictive control strategy.As the parameters values of a building model are often very uncertain, parametric modelcalibration is essential to reduce prediction errors and to ensure the MPC performance. Consequently,we apply our methodology to a calibration technique based on in situ temperaturemeasurements. We also discuss how our approach can lead to selection techniques in orderto choose calibrated parameters and sensors for MPC purposes.Eventually, the predictive control strategy was implemented on an experimental building,at CEA INES, near Chambéry. The entire building was modeled, and the different steps ofthe control strategy were applied sequentially through an online supervisor. This experimentgave us a useful feedback on our methodology on a real case.This thesis is the result of a collaboration between CEA Leti, IFSTTAR Nantes andG2ELab, and is part of the ANR PRECCISION project
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Fernandez, Julio Pablo Reyes. "Estudos da zona de convergência intertropical (ZCIT) e monções com um modelo média zonal." Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), 1996. http://urlib.net/sid.inpe.br/MTC-m13@80/2005/09.15.17.09.

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Um Modelo Estatístico Dinâmico de Média Zonal (MEDMZ), usando equações primitivas, é utilizado para estudar as variações sazonais da ZCIT e simular monções. No primeiro caso foram feitos três experimentos: 1) utilizando os percentuais de terra e oceano existentes (controle); 2)considerando a área ocupada totalmente por oceano; e 3) assumindo a superfície coberta somente por continente. Em todos os experimentos foi verificada a circulação média zonal tricelular. O deslocamento sazonal da ZCIT de verão para inverno é maior sobre o continente, como esperado. Os resultados revelaram, ainda, que a ZCIT desloca-se, em média, cerca de 25 graus sobre o continente; sobre os oceanos esse deslocamento se reduz a 15 graus ; quando considerado sistema terraoceano como um todo o deslocamento é, também, de 15 graus . Sobre oceano o deslocamento da ZCIT segue os máximos da temperatura à superfície do mar. É discutido o ciclo anual da precipitação. A simulação das monções é o resultado do aquecimento diferencial terra-oceano durante o ano. Neste experimento o Hemisfério Norte é totalmente coberto por continente e o Hemisfério Sul por oceano. As características básicas dos monções são bem simuladas (inversão do vento e regimes de precipitação) quando comparadas às observações. O comportamento climático do Holoceno é simulado, alterando parâmetros orbitais da Terra e os resultados mostram uma intensificação da circulação monçônica, concordando com as evidências paleo climáticas. Quando a resolução do modelo é modificada, verifica-se que os resultados tendem a se aproximar da climatologia, à medida que o intervalo entre os pontos de grade diminui de 10 a 2.5 graus Comparando os resultados com aqueles obtidos com um modelo mais complexo (circulação geral) e um mais simples (balanço de energia), observa-se que o MEDMZ reproduz coerentemente as simulações.
A statistical-dynamical zonalIy symmetric mo deI of primitive equations is used to study the seasonal migration of ITCZ and to simulate the monsoon. Three numerical experiments were performed in the case of ITCZ, with lower boundary: 1) control, 2) global ocean and 3) global continent. AlI experiments showed tri-cellular mean meridian circulation. The seasonal migration of ITCZ over continent is greater than in the case of aquaplanet, as expeeted. The ITCZ migrates 25${°}$ in mean over global continent; on global ocean a migration of the ITCZ is reduced to 15${°}$ as in the case of the control. Over global ocean the migration of ITCZ depends on the maximum temperature of the ocean surface. The simulation of Monsoon is due to differential heating of continent relative to the oceano This experiment considered continent north of the equator and the ocean to the south. The charaeteristics of monsoon are well simulated (wind reversal and rainfalI) when compared with observations. The c1imatic pattern of the Holocene is simulated, changing earth's orbital parameters and the results show enhancement of monsoon circulation, which agrees with paleoclimatic evidence. When the grid of the model is reduced, from 10${°}$ to 2,5${°}$ , the results agree better with the c1imatological observations. Comparing these results with those obtained with the complex mo dels (GCM), and with a simple model (energy balance), it is observed that our mo del simulation is reasonable.
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Melo, Davi de Carvalho Diniz. "Estimativa de impacto de mudanças climáticas nos níveis do aquífero livre em zona de recarga do sistema Aquífero Guarani." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-31072013-110008/.

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A exploração acelerada das águas subterrâneas pode acarretar em problemas de disponibilidade de água. Esse problema tende a ser acentuado devido as mudanças no clima previstas para as próximas décadas. Nesse contexto, este trabalho buscou avaliar os possíveis impactos das mudanças climáticas e do uso do solo sobre níveis de água subterrânea em zona de afloramento do Sistema Aquífero Guarani. Foram utilizadas simulações de Modelos de Circulação Global (MCG) como dados de entrada para um modelo transiente de fluxo hídrico subterrâneo, visando avaliar o comportamento dos nveis de água sob diferentes condições climáticas. Este modelo foi calibrado utilizando dados de níveis freáticos em seis poços localizados na bacia do Ribeirão da Onça (BRO). A partir de dados climáticos observados, estimou-se a recarga, usada como input no modelo matematico, em diversos tipos de cultura por meio do balanço hídrico. As maiores alterações nas médias pluviométricas mensais foram projetadas, pela maioria dos modelos climáticos, para ocorrer no perodo seco. No perodo chuvoso, as previsões indicaram que essas médias devem diminuir em torno de 50%. Quase 70% dos cenários climáticos geraram, no modelo transiente, variações dos nveis freáticos abaixo daqueles medidos no monitoramento entre 2004 e 2011. Em setores da área de estudo, o rebaixamento da superfície potenciométrica, simulada sob condições climáticas mais extremas previstas por alguns modelos, ultrapassou 10 m. Os cenários mais otimistas, embora tenham resultado em elevações dos níveis de água em mais metade da BRO, também geraram rebaixamentos de até 5 m. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade do contínuo monitoramento hidrogeológico, principalmente em áreas de recarga do SAG, e do desenvolvimento de outros trabalhos que quantiquem os impactos das mudanças climáticas, aplicando diferentes métodos de estimativa de recarga e downscaling.
The unsustainable use groundwater in many countries might cause water availability restrictions. Such issues are likely to worsen due to changes in climate, predicted for the incoming decades. In this context, the objective of this work was to assess possible climate and land use changes impacts on groundwater levels in the Guarani Aquifer System\'s (GAS) outcrop zone. Global Climate Models\' (GCM) outputs were used as inputs in a transient ux groundwater model. Thus, groundwater table uctuation could be evaluated under distinct climatic conditions. Six monitoring wells, located in the Ribeir~ao da Onca basin (ROB), provided water table measurements to calibrate the groundwater model. Using observed climatic data, a water budget method was applied to estimate recharge in dierent types of land uses. Statistically downscaled future climate scenarios were used as inputs in that same recharge model, which provided the inputs for SPA. Most of the GCMs used here predict temperature arises over 2°C. Major monthly rainfall mean changes are projected by the GCM great majority to take place in the dry season. During wet seasons, the predictions indicate those means might experience around 50% decrease. Water table variations, derived from the transient model under almost 70% of the climate scenarios, were below of those measured between 2004 and 2011. Few GCM predicted more extreme climate scenarios. In some regions of the study area and under these conditions, groundwater surface would decline more than 10 m. Although more optimistic scenarios resulted in an increase of groundwater levels in more than half of ROB, these would cause up to 5 m water table decline. The results reinforce the need for a permanent hydrogeological monitoring, mainly in the GAS recharge areas, along with the development of other climate change impacts assessment works using dierent downscaling and recharge estimates methods.
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Castanedo, Bárcena Sonia. "Desarrollo de un modelo hidrodinámico tridimensional para el estudio de la propagación de ondas largas en estuarios y zonas someras." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Cantabria, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10623.

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En la presente tesis se analizan los aspectos teóricos y prácticos necesarios para el desarrollo de un modelo numérico tridimensional válido para los estuarios típicos del Norte de España, cuyas características principales son la existencia de importantes gradientes de profundidad, , y de zonas que se inundan y se secan periódicamente debido al efecto de la marea astronómica.De la revisión del estado del conocimiento sobre modelado hidrodinámico tridimensional en zonas someras, se ha concluido que aunque existen varios modelos tridimensionales propuestos para estuarios, ninguno está preparado para su aplicación en los casos de estudio de esta tesis. La anterior aseveración está principalmente relacionada con tres temas fundamentales: sistema de coordenadas, representación de la turbulencia y simulación de la inundación - secado del dominio de cálculo. Se ha investigado con detalle estos aspectos y como resultado se ha desarrollado un modelo que incluye el resultado de la investigación realizada y que ha sido validado tanto con soluciones analíticas, como con datos de laboratorio y de campo.
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Franchito, Sergio Henrique. "Experimentos numéricos com modelos climáticos média zonal." Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), 1989. http://urlib.net/sid.inpe.br/MTC-m13@80/2005/08.18.17.11.

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São desenvolvidos dois modelos estatísticos-dinâmicos, um quase-geostrófico e outro de equações primitivas, para realizar experimentos numéricos considerado a atmosfera media zonal, com enfase nos processos climáticos referentes ao Hemisfério Sul. Tais experimentos consideram os efeitos no clima causados por anomalias de temperatura da superfície do mar (TSM)e por alterações no estado da superfície. Os experimentos com respeito as anomalias de TSM consideram as situações de "El Nino", "La Nina" e do biopolo envolvendo centros de anomalias positivas e negativas. Os resultados mostram que na situação de "El Nino o jato sub-tropical e a circulação de Hadley são intensificados e a temperatura da superfície aumenta na região perturbada. Situação oposta ocorre no caso de "La Nina". No experimento do bipolo há uma intensificação da célula de Hadley no Hemisfério Norte (região da anomalias positivas)e um enfraquecimento no ramo ascendente no Hemisfério Sul (região de anomalias negativas). No experimento de modificação do estado da superfície e considerada a interação entre o estado geobotânico e o clima, que constitui um mecanismo de bio-realimentação. São feitos experimentos de desmatamento, desertificação e irrigação. Os resultados mostram que a mudança na evapotranspiração e o efeito dominante em relação a alteração no albedo da superfície em regular as mudanças na temperatura da superfície. Um aspecto notável nestes experimentos incluindo bio-realimentação e que todas as variações (experimento com perturbação menos controle)são menores no Hemisfério Sul, o que pode ser aplicado pela menor quantidade de terra existente nesta região.
Two statistical-dynamical models, a quasi-geostrophic and a primitive equations model are developed. These are used to conduct numerical experiments about the zonally-averaged atmosphere, with emphasis on the Southern Hemisphere climatic processes. The experiments consider the climatic effects caused by the sea-surface temperature (SST) anomalies and by land surface alterations. The experiments regarding the SST anomalies consider the situations of "El Nino", "La Nina" and the dipole involving centers of positive and negative anomalies. The results show that in the "El Nino" situation the sub-tropical jet stream and the Hadley circulation are intensified and the surface temperature increases in the perturbed region. The opposite situation occurs in the case of "La Nina". In the dipole experiment there is an intensification of the Hadley cell. in the Northern Hemisphere (region of positive anomalies) and a weakening in the ascending branch in the Southern Hemisphere (region of negative anomalies). In the experiment of the surface state modification the interaction between the geobotanic state and the climate is considered. The interaction constitutes a bio-feedback mechanism. Experiments are done about the deforestation, desertification and irrigation situations. The results show that the change in the evapotranspiration rather than the change in the surface albedo is the predominant effect in regulating the changes in the surface temperature. A notable aspect in these bio-feedback experiments is that all the variations (experiment with perturbation minus control) are smaller in the Southern Hemisphere. This fact may be explained by the smaller land fraction that exists in the Southern Hemisphere.
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Chan, Cegeon J. "Annular modes in multiple migrating zonal jet regime." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34569.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-87).
Recent studies have linked hemispheric climate variability to annular modes, zonally symmetric structures that describe the horizontal redistribution of atmospheric mass. The resulting changes in the pressure patterns consequently alter the atmospheric circulation, including the movement of zonal jets in the atmosphere. While the literature contains much observational evidence describing these annular modes, the fundamental dynamics in the perpetuation of the annular modes still remains poorly understood. We investigate the dynamics of the annular modes using the MITGCM, a semi-hemispheric ocean model. The forcings imposed in the model are an atmospheric wind stress and relaxation to a latitudinal temperature profile, which induces a baroclinically unstable flow. Despite such an idealized setup, the model output shows striking similarities to the observed atmospheric annular modes, where the leading mode of variability is associated with the primary zonal jet's meridional displacement. By convention, when the zonal jet is poleward (equatorward) of its time-mean position, the principal component (PC) of the first empirical orthogonal function (EOF) is positive (negative) and is referred to as the high (low) zonal index.
(cont.) In the model, systematic secondary (weaker) jets migrate equatorward into the primary jet. The total eddy forcing associated with the migrating jets aids in sustaining the primary jet in the presence of frictional forces. Plots of the anomalous eddy fields for both indexes show that the strongest eddy activity in the main jet is associated with the high zonal index. The zonal flow anomalies, which systematically migrate into the poleward flank of the main jet, are largely responsible for causing this positively anomalous eddy forcing. This asymmetrical forcing to the primary jet results in the zonal index variability. In this thesis, the dynamics associated with the secondary jets and its equatorward migration will be examined. We will show that when (1) the sphericity of the earth is accounted for, (2) the interior PV is homogenized, and (3) the width of the baroclinically unstable region exceeds the Rhines scale by several factors, multiple zonal jets emerge and migrate equatorward.
by Cegeon J. Chan.
S.M.
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Books on the topic "Zonal models"

1

Lessmann, Klaus. Die asiatische Sommermonsunzirkulation: Sensitivitätsstudien mit einem zonal symmetrischen Basismodell. Hamburg: Kovač, 1997.

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Tzuoo, K. L. Zonal models of turbulence and their application to free shear flows. Stanford, Calif: Thermosciences Division, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, 1986.

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Alexander, M. J. A model study of zonal forcing in the equatorial stratosphere by convectively induced gravity waves. [Boston]: American Meteorological Society, 1997.

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Conroyd, Jack H. Dynamic stall computations using a zonal Navier-Stokes model. Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 1988.

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dos, Anjos Moacir, ed. Zona franca. Porto Alegre: Fundação Bienal de Artes Visuais do Mercosul, 2007.

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group), GIZMO (Research, ed. MMX: Architettura zona critica. Rovereto, TN [i.e.Trento]: Zandonai, 2010.

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Brazil. Superintendência da Zona Franca de Manaus. Relatório sobre o modelo Zona Franca de Manaus, ZFM. Manaus, Amazonas: Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior, Superintendência da Zona Franca de Manaus, 2003.

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Ipia, Alber Hamersson Sánchez. Análisis de gases contaminantes en zonas urbanas. Bogotá, Colombia: Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Centro de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Científico, 2002.

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Díaz, Gonzalo Yanez, Blanca Rosa Téllez Morales, Alma Jiménez Hernández, Luceli Méndez Serrano, and Luz Divina Ramírez Muñoz. Modelo de planeación integral en la Zona Metropolitana Puebla-Tlaxcala. San Pablo Apetatitlán: Colegio de Tlaxcala, 2010.

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Ferreira, Nádia Cristina d'Avila. Zona Franca Verde: Modelo de desenvolvimento para o Amazonas, 2003-2009. Manaus, Amazonas: SDS, Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Amazonas Governo do Estado, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Zonal models"

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Monin, A. S. "Zonal Models." In An Introduction to the Theory of Climate, 211–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4506-7_9.

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Gianfreda, Angelica, and Luigi Grossi. "Fractional Integration Models for Italian Electricity Zonal Prices." In Advances in Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 429–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35588-2_39.

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Gilmanov, Tagir G. "Phenomenological Models of the Primary Productivity of Zonal Arctic Ecosystems." In Global Change and Arctic Terrestrial Ecosystems, 402–36. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2240-8_22.

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Liu, Luo-Qin. "Far-Field Asymptotics and Zonal Structure of Theoretical Flow Models." In Unified Theoretical Foundations of Lift and Drag in Viscous and Compressible External Flows, 29–58. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6223-0_2.

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Chen, J. L., and C. R. Wilson. "Assessment of Degree-2 Zonal Gravitational Changes from GRACE, Earth Rotation, Climate Models, and Satellite Laser Ranging." In Gravity, Geoid and Earth Observation, 669–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10634-7_88.

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Gomez, I., M. Chavez, J. de Vicente, and E. Valero. "Numerical Evaluation of URANS/Zonal-DES Models in the Acoustic Prediction of a High Reynolds Compressible Open Cavity Flow." In Progress in Hybrid RANS-LES Modelling, 291–302. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31818-4_25.

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Aparicio, Ignacio, and Luis Floría. "Zonal Harmonics of the Gravity Field in DEF-Variables." In Impact of Modern Dynamics in Astronomy, 455–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4527-5_79.

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Saling, P. M., D. J. Burks, and C. N. Tomes. "Sperm-Zona Pellucida Interaction: A Model for Zona Receptor Kinase-Mediated Signaling." In Signal Transduction in Testicular Cells, 247–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03230-5_12.

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Turkington, Bruce. "A Statistical Equilibrium Model of Zonal Shears and Embedded Vortices in a Jovian Atmosphere." In IUTAM Symposium on Advances in Mathematical Modelling of Atmosphere and Ocean Dynamics, 271–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0792-4_37.

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Ko, Malcolm, Ka-Kit Tung, Debra Weisenstein, and Nien Dak Sze. "Simulation of O3 Distribution Using a Two-Dimensional Zonal-Mean Model in Isentropic Coordinate." In Atmospheric Ozone, 19–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5313-0_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Zonal models"

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Van den Bergh, Kenneth, Erik Delarue, and William D'haeseleer. "Improved zonal network models in generation scheduling." In 2014 Power Systems Computation Conference (PSCC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pscc.2014.7038465.

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Uribe, Cédric, Julien Marty, and G. A. Gerolymos. "Zonal Detached Eddy Simulation extension to k-ω models." In 23rd AIAA Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-4279.

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Piomelli, Ugo, Elias Balaras, Kyle Squires, and Philippe Spalart. "Zonal Approaches to Wall-layer Models for Large-eddy Simulations." In 3rd Theoretical Fluid Mechanics Meeting. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2002-3083.

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Menter, F. "Zonal Two Equation k-w Turbulence Models For Aerodynamic Flows." In 23rd Fluid Dynamics, Plasmadynamics, and Lasers Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1993-2906.

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Bonvini, Marco, and Alberto Leva. "Object-oriented sub-zonal room models for energy-related building simulation." In The 8th International Modelica Conference, Technical Univeristy, Dresden, Germany. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp11063276.

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van der Vliet, J. P., A. J. Pel, and J. W. C. van Lint. "Enriched travel demand estimation by including zonal and traveler characteristics and their relationships." In 2017 5th IEEE International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mtits.2017.8005696.

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Winters, W., G. Evans, and R. Greif. "MODELING OF THERMALLY-DRIVEN TRANSPORT IN INTERIOR SPACES FOR APPLICATIONS TO ZONAL MIXING MODELS." In Annals of the Assembly for International Heat Transfer Conference 13. Begell House Inc., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihtc13.p7.250.

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Anderson, J., K. Miki, K. Uzawa, J. Li, and Y. Kishimoto. "Comparison of analytical models for zonal flow generation in ion-temperature-gradient mode turbulence." In THEORY OF FUSION PLASMAS: Joint Varenna-Lausanne International Workshop. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2404558.

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Thivet, Frederic, Valerie Saint-Martin, and Olivier Leschiera. "Assessment of turbulence models for transonic flows around supercritical airfoil computed with a zonal method." In 37th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1999-525.

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Sugama, H., T. H. Watanabe, and S. Ferrando i Margalet. "Gyrokinetic and Gyrofluid Models for Zonal Flow Dynamics in Ion and Electron Temperature Gradient Turbulence." In THEORY OF FUSION PLASMAS: Joint Varenna-Lausanne International Workshop. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2404579.

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Reports on the topic "Zonal models"

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Wurtz, E., J. M. Nataf, and F. Winkelmann. Two- and three-dimensional natural and mixed convection simulation using modular zonal models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/409881.

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Choi, W. K., D. A. Rotman, and D. J. Wuebbles. Calculation of a residual mean meridional circulation for a zonal-mean tracer transport model. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/46648.

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Choi, W. K., D. A. Rotman, and D. J. Wuebbles. Calculation of a residual mean meridional circulation for a zonal-mean tracer transport model: Revision 1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/100418.

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Bedoya García, Victor Daniel, Nelson Augusto Serna Porras, and Pablo Fernando Sánchez Osorio. Diseño de un modelo de consultorio empresarial para la UNAD ECACEN zona occidente. Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/ecacen.4707.

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El presente trabajo tiene por objeto diseñar un modelo de consultorio empresarial en la UNAD ECACEN ZOCC, de modo que dinamice las relaciones por parte de la Universidad y el sector productivo, y que genere, a su vez, mayores posibilidades de inserción laboral de sus egresados. Tres aspectos están asociados a la concreción del objeto principal: a) la determinación de la pertinencia frente al diseño de un consultorio empresarial para los estudiantes y egresados, la escuela ECACEN y el sector productivo; b) la propuesta de un portafolio de servicios a partir de las líneas estratégicas y los tipos de servicios que se requieren para ofrecer el consultorio empresarial de la UNAD Zona Occidente; c) el diseño de un modelo de consultorio administrativo, financiero y contable para la ECACEN ZOCC que vincule aspectos estratégicos, organizacionales, administrativos, financieros, logísticos y operativos. El estudio inició con un procedimiento de revisión sistemática de fuentes documentales, que favorecieron la contextualización de la dinámica asociada a la creación e implementación de consultorios empresariales y su capacidad para facilitar el ingreso al mercado laboral en beneficio de los egresados de las IES, posteriormente, se tomaron a los resultados de una investigación realizada durante el año 2020 por el Semillero de Investigación en Desarrollo Sostenible, Gestión Organizacional y Prospectiva (SIDESGOP), perteneciente al grupo de Investigación CANANGUCHALES, desde el cual se realizó una encuesta (previamente validada por pares) a la comunidad de egresados. Se realizará una investigación descriptiva, con enfoque mixto.
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Ramos Martínez, Alejandro, and Álvaro Sarmiento. Informe centroamericano: Un modelo de integración en evolución. Edited by Ricardo Rozemberg and Kathia Michalczewsky. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003024.

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En el año 2020, la integración centroamericana cumplió 60 años. En este informe, además de analizar el desempeño económico reciente del bloque, se revisan los avances de la agenda interna, en especial, la zona de libre comercio, el arancel externo común y las principales líneas del trabajo del Subsistema de Integración Económica del SICA. Se analizan también los avances de la agenda externa, tanto en lo que respecta a los acuerdos de libre comercio como las acciones de Centroamérica en el ámbito de la OMC. Por último, se pone atención en el impacto y las respuestas de política frente al COVID-19.
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Ramos Martínez, Alejandro, and Álvaro Sarmiento. Informe centroamericano: Un modelo de integración en evolución (Resumen ejecutivo). Edited by Ricardo Rozemberg and Kathia Michalczewsky. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003198.

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En el año 2020, la integración centroamericana cumplió 60 años. En este informe, además de analizar el desempeño económico reciente del bloque, se revisan los avances de la agenda interna, en especial, la zona de libre comercio, el arancel externo común y las principales líneas del trabajo del Subsistema de Integración Económica del SICA. Se analizan también los avances de la agenda externa, tanto en lo que respecta a los acuerdos de libre comercio como las acciones de Centroamérica en el ámbito de la OMC. Por último, se pone atención en el impacto y las respuestas de política frente al COVID-19.
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Cruz Suarez, Magda Gioanna, Paola Alvis Duffó, and Myriam Leonor Torres Pérez. Modelo comercial de apropiación de la telesalud para Empresas Sociales del Estado - E.S.E. Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia - UNAD, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/ecisa.4758.

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Este modelo aplica para la negociación y contratación de la venta de servicios de salud con las Entidades Promotoras de Salud y demás empresas responsables de pago. Inicia con la definición y elaboración del plan operativo de contratación de servicios de salud y termina con el registro, parametrización y notificación de las nuevas tarifas y contratos en el software institucional. Este modelo se elabora basado en ejes programáticos como el Modelo de Atención Integral en salud (MIAS) y el nuevo marco operacional Modelo de Acción Integral Territorial (MAITE), de igual forma tiene en cuenta información departamental como el documento de redes y Análisis de Situación en Salud reportados al Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. De igual forma, el modelo fue socializado en el “Primer Encuentro de Apropiación de Telesalud en zonas de frontera” ejecutado el día 11 de junio de 2019. El modelo describe un conjunto de acciones que promueven y facilitan la atención oportuna, eficiente y eficaz, que van dirigidas a las personas, consideradas seres íntegros física y mentalmente, que además son seres sociales que pertenecen a una familia, que se encuentran en constante proceso de integración y adaptación a su medio ambiente físico, social y cultural.
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Karstensen, Johannes, Alexandra Andrae, Ludwig Bitzan, Jakob Deutloff, Christiane Lösel, Paul J. Witting, Nils O. Niebaum, et al. Student cruise: Observing techniques for Physical Oceanographers Cruise No. AL529. GEOMAR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/cr_al529.

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Oct. 07 2019 – Oct. 10, 2019 Kiel (Germany) – Kiel (Germany) MNF-Pher-110The main purpose of the ALKOR cruise AL529 was the training of students in observational techniques applied by physical oceanographers. The students who participated in the trip attend the module "Measurement Methods of Oceanography" which is offered in the Bachelor program "Physics of the Earth System" at CAU Kiel. During the AL529 the students were instructed in instrument calibration and in the interpretation of measurement data at sea. In addition, the students had the opportunity to learn about working and living at sea and to explore and study the impact of physical processes in the western Baltic Sea, the sea at their doorstep. The observations show a quasi-synoptic picture of the hydrography and currents in the western Baltic Sea. Twice-repeated hydrographic and current sections across the Fehmarn Belt show well the short time scales where significant changes occur. A zonal section along the deepest topography, from about 10°40'E to 014°21'E, shows very nicely the two-layer system of outflowing low salinity and inflowing North Sea water. A bottom shield anchorage shows the currents in the water column and the near-bottom temperature and salinity variations in the Fehmarnbelt area.
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Cruz Suarez, Magda Gioanna, Paola Alvis Duffó, and Myriam Leonor Torres Pérez. Documento diagnóstico inicial de 11 E.S.E. en la apropiación de la telesalud en el modelo integral de atención en salud de treinta y cuatro (34) Empresas Sociales del Estado. Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia - UNAD, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/ecisa.4755.

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El documento diagnóstico responde a la necesidad del fortalecimiento del “Proyecto Plan Fronteras para la Prosperidad” como estrategia del Gobierno Nacional a través de la Cancillería en aras de responder de manera oportuna a lo descrito en el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2010 – 2014 Prosperidad para todos, en el cual se define como un propósito nacional las áreas fronterizas, la promoción de políticas diferenciadas y la focalización de recursos, favoreciendo sectores estratégicos para el desarrollo de estas regiones. Por otro lado, contribuye a la gestión de la salud, mediante el desarrollo de las capacidades básicas para actuar en la planificación e interacción de las acciones relacionadas con la producción social de la salud dentro y fuera del sector. Así mismo la UNAD bajo el liderazgo de la Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, y en corresponsabilidad con otros sectores y actores propone acciones para impactar positivamente los determinantes sociales y económicos de la salud, propiciando condiciones de vida, desarrollo social y económico sostenible en toda la población del país, incluidas las zonas fronterizas de manera transversal bajo los lineamientos definidos en el Plan Decenal de Salud Pública 2012-2021, en concordancia con la Política de Atención Integral en Salud y el Modelo Integral de Atención en Salud, entre otras políticas públicas vigentes.
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