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Journal articles on the topic 'Zonal patterns'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Gerber, Edwin P., and Geoffrey K. Vallis. "Eddy–Zonal Flow Interactions and the Persistence of the Zonal Index." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 9 (2007): 3296–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas4006.1.

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Abstract An idealized atmospheric general circulation model is used to investigate the factors controlling the time scale of intraseasonal (10–100 day) variability of the extratropical atmosphere. Persistence on these time scales is found in patterns of variability that characterize meridional vacillations of the extratropical jet. Depending on the degree of asymmetry in the model forcing, patterns take on similar properties to the zonal index, annular modes, and North Atlantic Oscillation. It is found that the time scale of jet meandering is distinct from the obvious internal model time scale

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2

Jiongxin, Xu. "A study of zonal distribution of river channel patterns in China." Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 39, no. 1 (1995): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zfg/39/1995/117.

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3

Gantes-Nuñez, Francisco Javier, Zacarías Malacara-Hernández, Daniel Malacara-Doblado, and Daniel Malacara-Hernández. "Zonal processing of Hartmann or Shack–Hartmann patterns." Applied Optics 56, no. 7 (2017): 1898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.56.001898.

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4

Duba, C. T., T. B. Doyle, and J. F. McKenzie. "Rossby wave patterns in zonal and meridional winds." Geophysical & Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics 108, no. 3 (2014): 237–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03091929.2013.867604.

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5

Sheshadri, Aditi, and R. Alan Plumb. "Propagating Annular Modes: Empirical Orthogonal Functions, Principal Oscillation Patterns, and Time Scales." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 74, no. 5 (2017): 1345–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-16-0291.1.

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Abstract The two leading empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of zonal-mean zonal wind describe north–south fluctuations, and intensification and narrowing, respectively, of the midlatitude jet. Under certain circumstances, these two leading EOFs cannot be regarded as independent but are in fact manifestations of a single, coupled, underlying mode of the dynamical system describing the evolution in time of zonal wind anomalies. The true modes are revealed by the principal oscillation patterns (POPs). The leading mode and its associated eigenvalue are complex, its structure involves at least t

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6

Khatri, Hemant, and Pavel Berloff. "Tilted drifting jets over a zonally sloped topography: effects of vanishing eddy viscosity." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 876 (August 9, 2019): 939–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.579.

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Oceanic multiple jets are seen to possess spatio-temporal variability imposed by varying bottom topography resulting in jets that can drift and merge. The dynamics of multiple jets over a topographic zonal slope is studied in a two-layer quasi-geostrophic model. The jets tilt from the zonal direction and drift meridionally. In addition to the tilted jets, other large-scale spatial patterns are observed, which are extracted using the principal component analysis. The variances of these patterns are strongly influenced by the values of eddy viscosity and bottom friction parameters. The contribut

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7

Filion, Pierre, Trudi Bunting, Kathleen McSpurren, and Alan Tse. "Canada-U.S. Metropolitan Density Patterns: Zonal Convergence and Divergence1." Urban Geography 25, no. 1 (2004): 42–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.25.1.42.

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8

Cash, Benjamin A., Paul J. Kushner, and Geoffrey K. Vallis. "Zonal Asymmetries, Teleconnections, and Annular Patterns in a GCM." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 62, no. 1 (2005): 207–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-3361.1.

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Abstract The influence of zonally asymmetric boundary conditions on the leading modes of variability in a suite of atmospheric general circulation models is investigated. The set of experiments consists of nine model configurations, with varying degrees and types of zonal asymmetry in their boundary conditions. The structure of the leading EOF varies with the zonal asymmetry of the base state for each model configuration. In particular, a close relationship is found between the structure of the EOF and the model storm tracks. An approximately linear relationship is found to hold between the ma

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9

Kneser, Ulrich, Justus P. Beier, Marweh Schmitz, et al. "Zonal perfusion patterns in pedicled free-style perforator flaps." Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery 67, no. 1 (2014): e9-e17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2013.09.006.

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10

Belmadani, Ali, Pierre-Amaël Auger, Nikolai Maximenko, Katherine Gomez, and Sophie Cravatte. "Similarities and Contrasts in Time-Mean Striated Surface Tracers in Pacific Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems: The Role of Ocean Currents in Their Generation." Fluids 6, no. 12 (2021): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids6120455.

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Eastern boundary upwelling systems feature strong zonal gradients of physical and biological properties between cool, productive coastal oceans and warm, oligotrophic subtropical gyres. Zonal currents and jets (striations) are therefore likely to contribute to the transport of water properties between coastal and open oceanic regions. For the first time, multi-sensor satellite data are used to characterize the time-mean signatures of striations in sea surface temperature (SST), salinity (SSS), and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) in subtropical eastern North/South Pacific (ENP/ESP) upwelling systems. In

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11

Watterson, I. G. "Southern “Annular Modes” Simulated by a Climate Model—Patterns, Mechanisms, and Uses." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 9 (2007): 3113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas4014.1.

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Abstract Both high-latitude (HLM) and low-latitude modes (LLM) of variability of zonal wind in the Southern Hemisphere have been identified. Through an analysis of a simulation for 1871–2200 by the CSIRO Mark 3 climate model, the extent to which these might both be described as “annular modes,” based on their statistical patterns, physical mechanisms, and usefulness in climate study, is assessed. The modes are determined as EOF1 and EOF2 of vertically integrated zonal and monthly mean zonal wind, for 1871–1970. These match well those from ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA) data and also from the earlier

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12

Simanjuntak, Presli Panusunan, and Annisa Dwi Nopiyanti. "Pengaruh Komponen Angin Zonal dan Meridional terhadap Curah Hujan Bulanan di Mempawah, Kalimantan Barat serta Pengaruh ENSO terhadap Variasinya." Jurnal Kumparan Fisika 5, no. 3 (2023): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/jkf.5.3.187-192.

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ABSTRAK Kabupaten Mempawah yang secara geografis terletak di wilayah equator termasuk ke dalam wilayah yang memiliki tipe hujan equatorial yang dicirikan dengan musim kemarau yang singkat dan musim hujan yang panjang. Kabupaten Mempawah mempunyai dua kali maksimum curah hujan bulanan dalam setahun. Hujan merupakan sebuah hasil dari interaksi yang kompleks antara lautan dan atmosfer. Selain karena letak wilayah, terdapat beberapa unsur lain yang mempengaruhi curah hujan di Pontianak diantaranya angin zonal, angin meridional, dan fenomena El Nino. Pada umumnya, disebagian wilayah Indonesia, feno

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13

Fyfe, John C., and David J. Lorenz. "Characterizing Midlatitude Jet Variability: Lessons from a Simple GCM." Journal of Climate 18, no. 16 (2005): 3400–3404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3486.1.

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Abstract Fluctuations in the tropospheric zonal jet are often characterized using anomaly patterns, or empirical orthogonal functions, representing deviations of the zonal-mean flow from climatology. In previous studies the leading anomaly pattern has been interpreted as representing north–south jet movements, while the second anomaly pattern has been interpreted as representing independent fluctuations in jet strength and width. Here it is shown that these leading anomaly patterns are in fact dependent and together represent north–south movements of the jet. Fluctuations in jet strength, whic

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14

TIAN, YUDONG, ERIC R. WEEKS, KAYO IDE, et al. "Experimental and numerical studies of an eastward jet over topography." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 438 (July 5, 2001): 129–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112001004372.

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Motivated by the phenomena of blocked and zonal flows in Earth's atmosphere, we conducted laboratory experiments and numerical simulations to study the dynamics of an eastward jet flowing over wavenumber-two topography. The laboratory experiments studied the dynamical behaviour of the flow in a barotropic rotating annulus as a function of the experimental Rossby and Ekman numbers. Two distinct flow patterns, resembling blocked and zonal flows in the atmosphere, were observed to persist for long time intervals.Earlier model studies had suggested that the atmosphere's normally upstream- propagat

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15

Degirmendžić, Jan, and Krzysztof Kożuchowski. "Circulation epochs based on the Vangengeim-Girs large scale patterns (1891–2010)." ACTA UNIVERSITATIS LODZIENSIS. FOLIA GEOGRAPHICA PHYSICA, no. 17 (April 3, 2018): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1427-9711.17.01.

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This paper presents the results of an investigation of the variability in macro-circulation forms at the mid-tropospheric level distinguished in the Vangengeim-Girs (V-G) classification. The annual frequencies of circulation forms in the years 1891–2010 proved significant fluctuations, which provided the basis for distinguishing 7 circulation epochs. The epochs illustrate secular changes in the character of dominant forms – zonal circulation (W) prevailed at the turn of the 20th century; meridional forms E and C developed next, and zonal circulation began to dominate again after 1990.

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16

Kornaś, Jan. "Life-forms and seasonal patterns in the pteridophytes in Zambia." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 46, no. 4 (2015): 669–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1977.055.

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146 species of pteridophytes occurring in Zambia were classified into Raunkiaer's life-form classes. The hemicryptophytes are dominant and include the most widely distributed species. The phanerophytes (tree-ferns and lianas) and the epiphytes are rather scarce and limited to or concentrated in the higher-rainfall areas in the northern part of the country. Simplified diagrams of periodicity were constructed for all Zambian pteridophyte species. Three major types of seasonal pattern of growth and dormancy were distinguished: the evergreen type, the poikilohydrous type, and the "summer-green" ty

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17

Rath, F., та A. G. Peeters. "Transport hysteresis in electromagnetic microturbulence caused by mesoscale zonal flow pattern-induced mitigation of high β turbulence runaways". Physics of Plasmas 29, № 4 (2022): 042305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0081846.

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Electromagnetic microturbulence at finite normalized plasma pressure [Formula: see text] ( n0 is the equilibrium density, T0 the equilibrium temperature, B0 the equilibrium magnetic field, and μ0 the permeability of free space) is investigated within a local gradient-driven gyrokinetic framework. The focus lies on the well-known high β turbulence runaways [R. E. Waltz, Phys. Plasmas 17, 072501 (2010)] that have been proposed to set a nonlinear upper threshold [Formula: see text], also known as the nonzonal transition [M. J. Pueschel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 155005 (2013)]. In this paper, it is s

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18

Xavier, Anupama K., Jonathan Demaeyer, and Stéphane Vannitsem. "Variability and predictability of a reduced-order land–atmosphere coupled model." Earth System Dynamics 15, no. 4 (2024): 893–912. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-893-2024.

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Abstract. This study delves into the predictability of atmospheric blocking, zonal, and transition patterns utilizing a simplified coupled model. This model, implemented in Python, emulates midlatitude atmospheric dynamics with a two-layer quasi-geostrophic channel atmosphere on a β plane, encompassing simplified land effects. Initially, we comprehensively scrutinize the model's responses to environmental parameters like solar radiation, surface friction, and atmosphere–ground heat exchange. Our findings confirm that the model faithfully replicates real-world Earth-like flow regimes, establish

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19

Callebaut, Dirk K., Valentine I. Makarov, and Ksenia S. Tavastsherna. "Large-Scale Patterns of Prominences in the Global Solar Cycles During 1880–1995." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 167 (1998): 442–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100048077.

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AbstractThe zonal distribution of prominences, their poleward migration from the sunspot zone to the poles, the polar magnetic field reversals and a correlation of the mean latitude of filament bands at minimum activity with the maximum of Wolf number in the next cycle are briefly discussed for the period 1880–1995. The need for research on the longterm latitude distribution of the prominences is emphasized. New results concerning long-term variations of the torsional oscillations of the Sun and quasi-periodic oscillations of the latitude zonal boundaries from an analysis of Hα charts (1915–19

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20

Gerber, Edwin P., and Geoffrey K. Vallis. "On the Zonal Structure of the North Atlantic Oscillation and Annular Modes." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 66, no. 2 (2009): 332–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jas2682.1.

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Abstract The zonal structure and dynamics of the dipolar patterns of intraseasonal variability in the extratropical atmosphere—namely, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the so-called annular modes of variability—are investigated in an idealized general circulation model. Particular attention is focused on the relationships linking the zonal structure of the stationary waves, synoptic variability (i.e., the storm tracks), and the zonal structure of the patterns of intraseasonal variability. Large-scale topography and diabatic anomalies are introduced to modify and concentrate the synopti

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21

Daoud, Ahmed, and Nicolas Galanis. "Prediction of airflow patterns in a ventilated enclosure with zonal methods." Applied Energy 85, no. 6 (2008): 439–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2007.10.002.

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22

Frantzen, N. M. L. H. F., and F. Bouman. "Dispersal and growth form patterns of some zonal páramo vegetation types." Acta Botanica Neerlandica 38, no. 4 (1989): 449–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.1989.tb01376.x.

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23

Xiang, Hengxing, Jian Zhang, Dehua Mao, et al. "Optimizing ecological security patterns considering zonal vegetation distribution for regional sustainability." Ecological Engineering 194 (September 2023): 107055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2023.107055.

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24

Jury, Mark R., and David B. Enfield. "Environmental Patterns Associated with Active and Inactive Caribbean Hurricane Seasons." Journal of Climate 23, no. 8 (2010): 2146–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jcli3201.1.

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Abstract This study of hurricanes passing through the Caribbean in the 1950–2005 period reveals that seasons with more intense hurricanes occur with the onset of Pacific La Niña events and when Atlantic SSTs west of Africa are above normal. Composites of NCEP reanalysis fields with regard to Caribbean hurricanes reveal development of an anomalous equatorial Atlantic zonal overturning circulation (upper easterly/lower westerly) that shifts toward the Caribbean coincident with a westward spread of the cold tongue in the east Pacific. Ocean–atmosphere coupling is promoted through interaction of t

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25

Li, Camille, and Justin J. Wettstein. "Thermally Driven and Eddy-Driven Jet Variability in Reanalysis." Journal of Climate 25, no. 5 (2012): 1587–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00145.1.

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Two important dynamical processes influence the extratropical zonal wind field: angular momentum transport by the thermally direct Hadley circulation (thermal-driving T) and momentum flux convergence by atmospheric waves (eddies) that develop in regions of enhanced baroclinicity (eddy-driving E). The relationship between extratropical zonal wind variability and these driving processes is investigated using 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data. Indices representing the processes (iT and iE) are defined based on vertically integrated diabatic heating

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26

Grytsai, Asen, Andrew Klekociuk, Gennadi Milinevsky, Oleksandr Evtushevsky, and Kane Stone. "Evolution of the eastward shift in the quasi-stationary minimum of the Antarctic total ozone column." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 3 (2017): 1741–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1741-2017.

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Abstract. The quasi-stationary pattern of the Antarctic total ozone has changed during the last 4 decades, showing an eastward shift in the zonal ozone minimum. In this work, the association between the longitudinal shift of the zonal ozone minimum and changes in meteorological fields in austral spring (September–November) for 1979–2014 is analyzed using ERA-Interim and NCEP–NCAR reanalyses. Regressive, correlative and anomaly composite analyses are applied to reanalysis data. Patterns of the Southern Annular Mode and quasi-stationary zonal waves 1 and 3 in the meteorological fields show relat

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27

Gabriel, A., H. Körnich, S. Lossow, D. H. W. Peters, J. Urban, and D. Murtagh. "Zonal asymmetries in middle atmospheric ozone and water vapour derived from Odin satellite data 2001–2010." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 2 (2011): 4167–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-4167-2011.

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Abstract. Based on Odin satellite data 2001–2010 we investigate stationary wave patterns in middle atmospheric ozone (O3) and water vapour (H2O) as indicated by their seasonal long-term means of the zonally asymmetric components O3* = O3-[O3] and H2O* = H2O-[H2O] ([O3], [H2O]: zonal means). At mid- and polar latitudes of Northern and Southern Hemisphere, we find a pronounced wave one pattern in both constituents. In the Northern Hemisphere, the wave one patterns increase during autumn, maintain their strength during winter and decay during spring, with maximum amplitudes of about 10–20% of zon

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28

Chen, Zhi-Min. "Low-Index Equilibrium and Multiple Period-Doubling Cascades to Chaos of Atmospheric Flow in Beta-Plane Channel." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 26, no. 08 (2016): 1630020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127416300202.

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The nonlinear dynamical behavior of an atmospheric circulation in a beta-plane channel is examined on a five-spectral mode model, truncated from the Charney and DeVore quasi-geostrophic equation. Bifurcation and chaos are observed when subjected to a topographic driving disturbance and a thermally driving zonal source. An equilibrium state undergoes supercritical Hopf bifurcation and becomes a stable periodic state with respect to the magnitude of the thermally driving source, whereas the periodic state undergoes a subcritical Hopf bifurcation and transforms into a low-index equilibrium state

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29

Kravtsov, Sergey, John E. Ten Hoeve, Steven B. Feldstein, Sukyoung Lee, and Seok-Woo Son. "The Relationship between Statistically Linear and Nonlinear Feedbacks and Zonal-Mean Flow Variability in an Idealized Climate Model." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 66, no. 2 (2009): 353–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jas2804.1.

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Abstract Simulations using an idealized, atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) subjected to various thermal forcings are analyzed via a combination of probability density function (PDF) estimation and spectral analysis techniques. Seven different GCM runs are examined, each model run being characterized by different values in the strength of the tropical heating and high-latitude cooling. For each model run, it is shown that a linear stochastic model constructed in the phase space of the ten leading empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of the zonal-mean zonal flow provides an excellent

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Zaporozhets, Artur, Vitalii Babak, Mykhailo Kulyk, and Viktor Denysov. "Novel Methodology for Determining Necessary and Sufficient Power in Integrated Power Systems Based on the Forecasted Volumes of Electricity Production." Electricity 6, no. 3 (2025): 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/electricity6030041.

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This study presents a novel methodology for determining zonal electricity generation and capacity requirements corresponding to forecasted annual production in an integrated power system (IPS). The proposed model combines the statistical analysis of historical daily load patterns with a calibration technique to translate forecast total demand into zonal powers (base, semi-peak and peak). A representative reference daily electrical load graph (ELG) is selected from retrospective data using least squares criteria, and a calibration factor α = Wx/Wie scales its zonal outputs to match the forecast

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31

Montpellier, EE, PT Soulé, PA Knapp, and L. Baker Perry. "Reconstructing summer upper-level flow in the northern Rocky Mountains using an alpine larch tree-ring chronology." Climate Research 79, no. 3 (2020): 207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/cr01592.

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Mid-latitude mesoscale weather during the climatological summer is strongly influenced by fluctuations in synoptic-scale circulation patterns. Previous research has linked Arctic amplification to alterations in summer synoptic climatology, leading to more extreme weather events in the mid-latitudes. In this study, seasonal (JJA) upper-level (500 hPa) atmospheric flow is reconstructed in the mid-latitudes using an alpine larch Larix lyallii Parl. tree-ring chronology sampled from western Montana. Significant relationships were found between alpine larch radial growth and upper-level flow patter

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32

Gabriel, A., H. Körnich, S. Lossow, D. H. W. Peters, J. Urban, and D. Murtagh. "Zonal asymmetries in middle atmospheric ozone and water vapour derived from Odin satellite data 2001–2010." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 18 (2011): 9865–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-9865-2011.

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Abstract. Stationary wave patterns in middle atmospheric ozone (O3) and water vapour (H2O) are an important factor in the atmospheric circulation, but there is a strong gap in diagnosing and understanding their configuration and origin. Based on Odin satellite data from 2001 to 2010 we investigate the stationary wave patterns in O3 and H2O as indicated by the seasonal long-term means of the zonally asymmetric components O3* = O3-[O3] and H2O* = H2O-[H2O] ([O3], [H2O]: zonal means). At mid- and polar latitudes we find a pronounced wave one pattern in both constituents. In the Northern Hemispher

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33

Liu, Libo, Yuyan Yang, Huijun Le, et al. "Unexpected Regional Zonal Structures in Low Latitude Ionosphere Call for a High Longitudinal Resolution of the Global Ionospheric Maps." Remote Sensing 14, no. 10 (2022): 2315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14102315.

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This study reports unexpected strong longitudinal structures from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) derived total electron content (TEC) observations in the low-latitude ionosphere over Asia. The observations during 2019–2020 show diverse patterns in the zonal difference of regional TEC, even under geomagnetically quiet conditions. The TEC in the northern hemisphere occasionally exhibits drastic zonal gradients. The intense regional gradients in TEC span a longitudinal extent of about 20°. The higher values may appear on the east or the west side. Strong zonal gradients may appear in a

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Song, Jie, Wen Zhou, Xin Wang, and Chongyin Li. "Zonal Asymmetry of the Annular Mode and Its Downstream Subtropical Jet: An Idealized Model Study." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 68, no. 9 (2011): 1946–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jas3656.1.

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Abstract This study investigates linkages between the zonal asymmetry of the annular mode (AM) zonal pattern and the subtropical jet (STJ) over its downstream regions of the storm track by using an idealized model. Observational analyses show that the AM zonal patterns are more zonally asymmetric during days when the STJ downstream of the storm track is unusually strong, and vice versa. In the idealized model, the STJ downstream of the storm track is varied by introducing an additional zonally localized tropical heating. The model’s AM variability exhibits a nearly zonally uniform structure wh

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35

Monahan, Adam H., and John C. Fyfe. "On the Nature of Zonal Jet EOFs." Journal of Climate 19, no. 24 (2006): 6409–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3960.1.

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Abstract Analytic results are obtained for the mean and covariance structure of an idealized zonal jet that fluctuates in strength, position, and width. Through a systematic perturbation analysis, the leading empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) and principal component (PC) time series are obtained. These EOFs are built of linear combinations of basic patterns corresponding to monopole, dipole, and tripole structures. The analytic results demonstrate that in general the individual EOF modes cannot be interpreted in terms of individual physical processes. In particular, while the dipole EOF (s

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36

Schmitt, Rainer, K. H. Kalb, G. Christopoulos, and J. P. Grunz. "Osteonecrosis of the Upper Extremity: MRI-Based Zonal Patterns and Differential Diagnosis." Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology 23, no. 05 (2019): 523–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1695719.

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AbstractRegarding the upper extremity, osteonecrosis can relate to the humeral head and to any carpal bone, most commonly the lunate (Kienböck's disease), scaphoid (Preiser's disease and nonunion), and capitate bone (osteonecrosis of the capitate head). In children and adolescents, osteochondrosis is an important differential diagnosis at the epiphyses. Appropriate imaging of osteonecrosis depends on knowledge about blood supply, biomechanical load, and bone repair mechanisms. Contrast-enhanced MRI (ceMRI) enables the differentiation of up to three mostly band-shaped zones: necrotic tissue (pr

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37

Ting, Mingfang, Martin P. Hoerling, Taiyi Xu, and Arun Kumar. "Northern Hemisphere Teleconnection Patterns during Extreme Phases of the Zonal-Mean Circulation." Journal of Climate 9, no. 10 (1996): 2614–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<2614:nhtpde>2.0.co;2.

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38

Gantes-Nuñez, Francisco Javier, Zacarías Malacara-Hernández, Daniel Malacara-Doblado, and Daniel Malacara-Hernández. "Zonal wavefront reconstruction of Shack–Hartmann and Hartmann patterns with hexagonal cells." Optics Communications 427 (November 2018): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2018.06.027.

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39

Amoatey, H. M., and R. A. E. Tilney-Bassett. "Multiple alleles and the control of leaf zonation patterns in zonal pelargoniums." Journal of Horticultural Science 68, no. 1 (1993): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221589.1993.11516327.

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40

Gerber, Edwin P., and Geoffrey K. Vallis. "A Stochastic Model for the Spatial Structure of Annular Patterns of Variability and the North Atlantic Oscillation." Journal of Climate 18, no. 12 (2005): 2102–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3337.1.

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Abstract Meridional dipoles of zonal wind and geopotential height are found extensively in empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis and single-point correlation maps of observations and models. Notable examples are the North Atlantic Oscillation and the so-called annular modes (or the Arctic Oscillation). Minimal stochastic models are developed to explain the origin of such structure. In particular, highly idealized, analytic, purely stochastic models of the barotropic, zonally averaged zonal wind and of the zonally averaged surface pressure are constructed, and it is found that the meridi

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Sunkara, Eswaraiah, Kyong-Hwan Seo, Chalachew Kindie Mengist, Madineni Venkat Ratnam, Kondapalli Niranjan Kumar, and Gasti Venkata Chalapathi. "Role of QBO and MJO in Sudden Stratospheric Warmings: A Case Study." Atmosphere 15, no. 12 (2024): 1458. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15121458.

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The impact of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) and Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) on the dynamics of major sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) observed in the winters of 2018, 2019, and 2021 is investigated. Using data from the MERRA-2 reanalysis, we analyze the daily mean variability of critical atmospheric parameters at the 10 hPa level, including zonal mean polar cap temperature, zonal mean zonal wind, and the amplitudes of planetary waves 1 and 2. The results reveal dramatic increases in polar cap temperature and significant wind reversals during the SSW events, particularly in 2018.

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Sahbaz, Kadir, and Melih Basaraner. "A Zonal Displacement Approach via Grid Point Weighting in Building Generalization." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 2 (2021): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020105.

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When generalizing a group of objects, displacement is an essential operation to resolve the conflicts arising between them due to enlargement of their symbol sizes and reduction of available map space. Although there are many displacement methods, most of them are rather complicated. Therefore, more practical methods are still needed. In this article, a new building displacement approach is proposed. For this purpose, buildings are grouped and zones are created for them in the blocks via Voronoi tessellation and buffering. Linear patterns are then detected through buffer analyses and the respe

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Evonuk, Martha, and Gary A. Glatzmaier. "Modeling convection and zonal winds in giant planets." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, S239 (2006): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921307000397.

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AbstractThree basic modeling approaches have been used to numerically simulate fluid turbulence and the banded zonal winds in the interiors and atmospheres of giant planets: shallow-water models, deep-shell Boussinesq models and deep-shell anelastic models. We review these models and discuss the approximations and assumptions upon which they are based. All three can produce banded zonal wind patterns at the surface. However, shallow-water models produce a retrograde (i.e., westward) zonal jet in the equatorial region, whereas strong prograde (i.e., eastward) equatorial jets exist on Jupiter an

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Udy, Danielle G., Tessa R. Vance, Anthony S. Kiem, Neil J. Holbrook, and Mark A. J. Curran. "Links between Large-Scale Modes of Climate Variability and Synoptic Weather Patterns in the Southern Indian Ocean." Journal of Climate 34, no. 3 (2021): 883–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-20-0297.1.

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AbstractWeather systems in the southern Indian Ocean (SIO) drive synoptic-scale precipitation variability in East Antarctica and southern Australia. Improved understanding of these dynamical linkages is beneficial to diagnose long-term climate changes from climate proxy records as well as informing regional weather and climate forecasts. Self-organizing maps (SOMs) are used to group daily 500-hPa geopotential height (z500; ERA-Interim) anomalies into nine regional synoptic types based on their dominant patterns over the SIO (30°–75°S, 40°–180°E) from January 1979 to October 2018. The pattern a

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Ambrož, P. "Large-scale Flow and Transport of Magnetic Flux in the Solar Convection Zone." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 179 (2000): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100064745.

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AbstractHorizontal large-scale velocity field describes horizontal displacement of the photospheric magnetic flux in zonal and meridian directions. The flow systems of solar plasma, constructed according to the velocity field, create the large-scale cellular-like patterns with up-flow in the center and the down-flow on the boundaries. Distribution of the largescale horizontal eddies (with characteristic scale length from 350 to 490 Mm) was found in the broad equatorial zone, limited by 60° latitude circles on both hemispheres. The zonal averages of the zonal and meridian velocities, and the to

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Chatterjee, Joydeep. "Directional Moiré Boosting Using Spatial Filtering." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (2021): 1430–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38200.

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Abstract: Overlapping of two or more grating structures of small frequency differences gives rise to the Moiré patterns. While the overall moiré patterns are widely studied, in many cases – specially in case of a zonal fringe analysis – zone or direction based highlighting or suppression of moiré patterns are very helpful. This paper presents a simple method for directional boosting of moiré patterns, generated using Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) based interferometric setup, using the spatial filtering technique. Keywords: Moiré, Spatial Filter, Directional Boosting, Interferometry, Spatial Li

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Wolf, Frederik, Aiko Voigt, and Reik V. Donner. "A climate network perspective on the intertropical convergence zone." Earth System Dynamics 12, no. 1 (2021): 353–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-353-2021.

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Abstract. The intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is an important component of the tropical rain belt. Climate models continue to struggle to adequately represent the ITCZ and differ substantially in its simulated response to climate change. Here we employ complex network approaches, which extract spatiotemporal variability patterns from climate data, to better understand differences in the dynamics of the ITCZ in state-of-the-art global circulation models (GCMs). For this purpose, we study simulations with 14 GCMs in an idealized slab-ocean aquaplanet setup from TRACMIP – the Tropical Rain

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Tokinaga, Hiroki, Shang-Ping Xie, Axel Timmermann, et al. "Regional Patterns of Tropical Indo-Pacific Climate Change: Evidence of the Walker Circulation Weakening." Journal of Climate 25, no. 5 (2012): 1689–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00263.1.

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Regional patterns of tropical Indo-Pacific climate change are investigated over the last six decades based on a synthesis of in situ observations and ocean model simulations, with a focus on physical consistency among sea surface temperature (SST), cloud, sea level pressure (SLP), surface wind, and subsurface ocean temperature. A newly developed bias-corrected surface wind dataset displays westerly trends over the western tropical Pacific and easterly trends over the tropical Indian Ocean, indicative of a slowdown of the Walker circulation. This pattern of wind change is consistent with that o

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Nikolopoulos, E. I., M. Borga, F. Marra, S. Crema, and L. Marchi. "Debris flows in the Eastern Italian Alps: seasonality and atmospheric circulation patterns." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 2, no. 12 (2014): 7197–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-2-7197-2014.

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Abstract. The work examines the seasonality and large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns of debris flows in the Trentino-Alto Adige region (Eastern Italian Alps). Analysis is based on classification algorithms applied on a uniquely dense archive of debris flows and hourly rain gauge precipitation series covering the period 2000–2009. Results highlight the seasonal and synoptic forcing patterns linked to debris flows in the study area. Summer and fall season account for 92% of the debris flows in the record, while atmospheric circulation characterized by Zonal West, Mixed and Meridional Sou

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Nikolopoulos, E. I., M. Borga, F. Marra, S. Crema, and L. Marchi. "Debris flows in the eastern Italian Alps: seasonality and atmospheric circulation patterns." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 3 (2015): 647–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-647-2015.

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Abstract. The work examines the seasonality and large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns associated with debris-flow occurrence in the Trentino–Alto Adige region (eastern Italian Alps). Analysis is based on classification algorithms applied to a uniquely dense archive of debris flows and hourly rain gauge precipitation series covering the period 2000–2009. Results highlight the seasonal and synoptic forcing patterns linked to debris flows in the study area. Summer and fall season account for 92% of the debris flows in the record, while atmospheric circulation characterized by zonal west, m

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