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Journal articles on the topic 'Zone of aeration Water'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Sun, Xin, Meng Dan Zhang, Wei Li Zhao, and Ting Lin Huang. "Comparison of Water-Lifting Aerator Type for Algae Inhibition in Deep Reservoirs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 1053–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.1053.

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Water-lifting aeration technology is one of the effective in-situ algae control technologies in deep reservoirs. Effects of water-lifting aerator type on the in-situ algae inhibition using water-lifting aeration technology was numerically analyzed with the help of FLUENT software. Under stable state, one large clockwise circulation flow was generated outside non-submerged and submerged water-lifting aerators, but the core algae inhibition zone was farther away from the non-submerged aerator under each water depth. When the water depth was increased from 77.25 m to 97.25 m, the percentage of th

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2

Ismaiylov, G. Kh, and N. V. Muraschenkova. "MODELING OF A WATER-SALT BALANCE OF A RIVER POOL WITH DEVELOPED IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE." Ecology. Economy. Informatics.System analysis and mathematical modeling of ecological and economic systems 1, no. 5 (2020): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.23885/2500-395x-2020-1-5-65-70.

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The construction of a mathematical model of the water-salt balance for river basins with the predominant development of irrigated agriculture is considered. The structures of the water and salt balance of the irrigated territory and the balance of the main river bed within it are given. It has been established that if the inflow and outflow of water and salts dissolved in it are caused by its horizontal flows, then the evaporation and accumulation of water (salts) in the aeration zone and groundwater are caused by its vertical flows.This leads to the need to consider instead of the general equ

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3

Sahlmann, C., J. A. Libra, A. Schuchardt, U. Wiesmann, and R. Gnirss. "A control strategy for reducing aeration costs during low loading periods." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 7 (2004): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0417.

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The efficiency of the aeration system in a full-scale activated sludge basin with 3 separately controlled aeration zones was improved for the low loading period in summer. The air flow rate to each aeration zone is currently regulated to hold a preset dissolved oxygen concentration (DO). Four different DO setpoint combinations were tested, each one for a one week period, using dynamic off-gas testing to measure the standardised oxygen transfer efficiency (αSOTE). As the DO setpoints were lowered, the total air flow rate to the basin decreased initially. A low DO in the first zones slowed bioma

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4

Sun, Xin, Wei Li Zhao, Meng Dan Zhang, and Ting Lin Huang. "Effects of Temperature Gradient on Algae Inhibition Zone in Source Water Reservoirs Using In Situ Water-Lifting Aeration Technology." Advanced Materials Research 663 (February 2013): 870–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.663.870.

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Flow outside the water-lifting aerator was simulated with FLUENT software, and the effects of temperature gradient on the in-situ algae inhibition zone were numerically analyzed. Flow characteristics directly influence the effect of algal inhibition using water-lifting aeration technology. Under quasi-steady state of flow outside the water-lifting aerator, the clockwise flow near the inlet and counter-clockwise flow in other domains coexisted, zone and strength of inlet circulation weakened as the water temperature gradient increased, flow velocity decreased as the distance from the water-lift

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5

Sun, Xin, Wei Li Zhao, and Ting Lin Huang. "Effects of Water Depth on Algae Control in Stratified Reservoirs Using In Situ Water-Lifting Aeration Technology." Advanced Materials Research 663 (February 2013): 977–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.663.977.

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Flow outside the water-lifting aerator was simulated with FLUENT software, and the effects of water depth on the in-situ algal growth control using water-lifting aeration technology was numerically analyzed. Under stable state of flow outside the water-lifting aerator, the clockwise flow near the inlet and counter-clockwise flow in other domains coexisted, flow velocity decreased as the distance from the water-lifting aerator increased. When the water depth was increased from 50 m to 110 m, the radius of the core algal growth control zone increased from 60 m to 175 m, and the ratio of the alga

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6

Reinius, L. G., and J. Hultgren. "Evaluation of the Efficiency of a New Aeration System at Henriksdal Sewage Treatment Plant." Water Science and Technology 20, no. 4-5 (1988): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0156.

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Henriksdal sewage treatment plant is the largest plant in Stockholm with a design flow of 370 000 m3/d. In one aeration tank of eleven a new fine-bubble aeration system has been in operation since August 1985. The tank is divided into 6 equal parts. The first part is an anoxic zone and the other five are aeration zones with tapered diffusers. Several instruments are installed in the block including separate air flow monitors in each of the five zones and D.O.-probes in the inlet and outlet of the zones. Equipment for flow measurement of settled sewage and return sludge is also installed. Every

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7

Thomas, V. K., B. Chambers, and W. Dunn. "Optimisation of Aeration Efficiency: A Design Procedure for Secondary Treatment Using a Hybrid Aeration System." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 10-11 (1989): 1403–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0337.

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The fine-bubble diffused air (FBDA) system of aeration is most efficiently operated in low rate activated sludge systems. The aeration technique is, however, subject to poor oxygen transfer efficiency and diffuser clogging under increased loading conditions such as are experienced close to the tank inlet in plug-flow systems. Mechanical, surface aeration systems, though apparently less efficient, do not suffer from these disadvantages. The ideal aeration tank configuration, for optimum aeration efficiency is therefore:–inlet anoxic zone–completely mixed surface aerated zone–plug-flow, fine-bub

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8

Fujie, K., K. Urano, H. Kubota, and T. Kasakura. "Hydrodynamics and Oxygen Transfer Characteristics in Activated Sludge Aeration Tanks." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 3-4 (1992): 791–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0460.

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Spiral liquid circulation rate in the conventional aeration tank was investigated based upon the theoretical development of the hydrodynamics and the experimental observation. The effect of liquid circulation rate on the gas-liquid oxygen transfer and the oxygen exchange between the bubbling zone and the bubble-free zone in the aeration tank were clarified. The spiral liquid circulation rate at the liquid surface in the aeration tank was correlated as functions of the superficial gas feed rate, the diffuser depth and the bubble diameter generated from the air diffusers. The oxygen exchange res

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9

Chiemchaisri, C., Y. K. Wong, T. Urase, and K. Yamamoto. "Organic Stabilization and Nitrogen Removal in Membrane Separation Bioreactor for Domestic Wastewater Treatment." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 10 (1992): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0251.

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In this study, organic stabilization and nitrogen removal were investigated using a household type hollow fiber membrane separation bioreactor of 6 2 1 volume. The process employed direct solid-liquid separation by hollow fiber membrane inside an activated sludge aeration tank. By providing highly turbulent conditions within the separation zone in conjunction with Jet aerating installation inside the membrane module, sludge accumulation on the membrane surface and inside the module can be reduced. Permeate flux obtained after 330 days of operation was 0.2 m/d under intermittent suction. High d

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10

Osuch, Ewa, and Stanisław Podsiadłowski. "Efficiency of pulverizing aeration on Lake Panieńskie." Limnological Review 12, no. 3 (2012): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10194-012-0054-4.

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AbstractThe principal threat to lakes of the temperate zone is posed by factors accelerating their eutrophication and causing marked deoxygenation of the deeper layers of water, mainly the hypo- and metalimnion. Among their effects are frequent phytoplankton blooms, including those of blue-green algae, and general deterioration of water quality also affecting the abundance and health status of fish. The chief concern is a disturbed proportion between the quantity of complex chemical compounds, especially organic, and the oxygen content of lake waters. Natural processes of water oxygenation are

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11

Silins, U., and R. L. Rothwell. "Spatial patterns of aerobic limit depth and oxygen diffusion rate at two peatlands drained for forestry in Alberta." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29, no. 1 (1999): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x98-179.

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The spatial variability of soil aeration (aerobic limit depth and oxygen diffusion rate (ODR)) among different drainage ditch spacings and at various distances from drainage ditches was examined at two peatlands drained for forestry in north-central Alberta. Drainage lowered mean water table levels (p < 0.001) at both peatlands. Lower water table levels within drained areas were associated with greater aerobic limit depths (p < 0.001) and greater ODR (p < 0.001 at Saulteaux River; p < 0.027 at Wolf Creek) compared with undrained areas of both peatlands. Spatial patterns of aerobic

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12

Zhao, H. W., D. S. Mavinic, W. K. Oldham, and F. A. Koch. "Factors affecting phosphorus removal in a two-stage intermittent aeration process treating domestic sewage." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 1 (1998): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0029.

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A bench-scale, continuous-flow, study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting phosphorus removal in a two-stage, intermittent aeration (IA) process. The two-stage process used consisted of an anaerobic zone and an intermittently aerated, completely mixed (IACM) tank, in which intermittent aeration was controlled by absolute ORP. The factors examined were the average ORP control level (used for aeration control), external acetate dosage, and intermittent aeration cycle. The degree of phosphorus removal in the two-stage IA process depended mainly on the presence of acetate in the anae

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13

Ai, Shengshu, Shuangshi Dong, Zebing Nie, Suiyi Zhu, Qingkai Ren, and Dejun Bian. "Study on Aeration Optimization and Sewage Treatment Efficiency of a Novel Micro-Pressure Swirl Reactor (MPSR)." Water 12, no. 3 (2020): 890. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12030890.

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This study developed a new type of micro-pressure swirl reactor (MPSR) for treating rural domestic sewage with variable water volume in northern China. The transformation of a traditional aeration tank to MPSR was mainly divided into three steps. Firstly, the aeration device was installed on one side of the aeration tank. Secondly, most of the top cover plate was sealed. Finally, the liquid level-lifting zone was set to achieve micro-pressure. The study measured the flow velocity and dissolved oxygen (DO) distribution in the main reaction zone of MPSR, studied the effects of MPSR sewage treatm

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14

Murata, K., K. Shimizu, Y. Yamada, and S. Kimura. "Development of Nitrogen Removal Technology in Night Soil Treatment by Circulated Aeration Type Biological Denitrification." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 7-8 (1986): 327–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0305.

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The circulated aeration type biological denitrification system, named the Kubota Nitro-cycle System, has been developed for removing total nitrogen in night soil. It has the following features:In the circulated aeration tank, BOD removal, nitrification and denitrification can be simultaneously conducted by activated sludge treatment without dividing the tank into an aerobic zone and an anaerobic zone, and it is possible to remove 80–90% of the total nitrogen and BOD in night soil influent.Denitrification and re-aeration tanks are provided after the circulated aeration tank and over 99% removal

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15

Šútor, J., M. Gomboš, M. Kutílek, and M. Krejča. "Soil water regime estimated from the soil water storage monitored in time." Soil and Water Research 3, Special Issue No. 1 (2008): S139—S146. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/13/2008-swr.

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During the vegetation season, the water storage in the soil aeration zone is influenced by meteorological phenomena and by the vegetated cover. If the groundwater table is in contact with the soil profile, its contribution to water storage must be considered. This impact can be either monitored directly or the mathematical model of the soil moisture regime can be used to simulate it. We present the results of monitoring soil water content in the aeration zone of the East Slovakian Lowland. The main problem is the evaluation of the soil water storage in seasons and in years in the soil profile.

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16

Xiong, Jiaqing, Xiaochang C. Wang, Wei Shu, Teng He, and Yanzheng Liu. "Municipal sludge characteristic changes under different aerating condition in a deep-shaft aeration system." Water Science and Technology 73, no. 7 (2015): 1493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.506.

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A pilot-scale municipal sewage sludge deep-shaft aeration system was implemented in Lanzhou, Gansu Province of China. The reactor depth was 60 m with a diameter of 1.0 m and the sludge to be treated came from a wastewater plant in Lanzhou. In order to obtain the optimum operation conditions, analysis was conducted on the transformations of the volatile suspended solids (VSS), temperature, pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and pathogens in the deep-shaft reactor under different aeration conditions. Attention was paid to how operating conditions affected the removal efficiency of the VSS a

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17

Carlsson, Bengt, and Jesús Zambrano. "Fault detection and isolation of sensors in aeration control systems." Water Science and Technology 73, no. 3 (2015): 648–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.529.

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In this paper, we consider the problem of fault detection (FD) and isolation in the aeration system of an activated sludge process. For this study, the dissolved oxygen in each aerated zone is assumed to be controlled automatically. As the basis for an FD method we use the ratio of air flow rates into different zones. The method is evaluated in two scenarios: using the Benchmark Simulation Model no. 1 (BSM1) by Monte Carlo simulations and using data from a wastewater treatment plant. The FD method shows good results for a correct and early FD and isolation.

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18

ALTUNINA, L. K., V. A. KUVSHINOV, L. A. STASIEVA, and I. V. KUVSHINOV. "Study of Thermotropic Gels for Reducing Water Filtration through the Aeration Zone." Chemistry for Sustainable Development 29, no. 3 (2021): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15372/csd2021301.

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19

ALTUNINA, L. K., V. A. KUVSHINOV, L. A. STASIEVA, and I. V. KUVSHINOV. "Study of Thermotropic Gels for Reducing Water Filtration through the Aeration Zone." Химия в интересах устойчивого развития 29, no. 3 (2021): 234–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15372/khur2021301.

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20

Ma, Y., Y. Peng, Z. Yuan, S. Wang, and X. Wu. "Feasibility of controlling nitrification in predenitrification plants using DO, pH and ORP sensors." Water Science and Technology 53, no. 4-5 (2006): 235–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.128.

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Experimental studies were carried out on a bench-scale nitrogen removal system with a predenitrification configuration to gain insights into the spatial and temporal variations of DO, pH and ORP in such systems. It is demonstrated that these signals correlate strongly with the operational states of the system, and could therefore be used as system performance indicators. The DO concentration in the first aerobic zone, when receiving constant aeration, and the net pH change between the last and first aerobic zones display strong correlations with the influent ammonia concentration for the domes

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21

Bian, De Jun, Qing Kai Ren, Li Guo Wan, Sheng Shu Ai, Xi Tian, and Hong Qu. "Effects of Aeration Volume on Velocity Distribution of Fluid in Multi-Flora Biological Wastewater Treatment Reactor." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 2740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.2740.

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The flow characteristics and effects of aeration volume on velocity distribution of the fluid in primary reaction zone of multi-flora biological wastewater treatment reactor were studied with clean water. Experimental results demonstrated that the fluid in primary reaction zone formed non-symmetrical cycle flow in the vertical plane with lower flow velocity in the central area and higher flow velocity in the peripheral area under the lifting action of the bubbles from perforated aerated pipe. As the aeration volume varied from1.0 m3/h to 2.2 m3/h, the flow velocity of central points had lower

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22

Çetin, F. Dilek, and Gülerman Sürücü. "Effects of Temperature and pH on the Settleability of Activated Sludge Flocs." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 9 (1990): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0089.

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In efficient and economical treatment of wastewaters,the settleability of activated sludge is of prime importance. Efficient settlement in the secondary sedimentation tank is required, both to keep the desired effluent quality and to sustain the necessary amount of microorganisms in the aeration tank. On the other hand, the settleability of microorganisms in the secondary clarifier is very dependent on the physiological and biochemical nature of activated sludge flocs, which are determined by the conditions of the aeration tank. In this research, effects of temperature and pH of aeration basin

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Lyamin, I. A., and R. Yu Ruzmanov. "ESTIMATION OF GROUND WATER PROTECTION ON THE WASTE DISPOSAL SITE OF A MINING ENTERPRISE." Вестник Пермского университета. Геология 19, no. 3 (2020): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/psu.geol.19.3.241.

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The relevance of the research is due to the study of possibility of placing tailings facilities of mining enterprises in areas with minimal negative impact on the environment, in particular on groundwater. This work allows us to estimate the time of penetration of waste pollution into the surface of groundwater. Objective: to determine the areas of the study that are most exposed to groundwater pollution. Objects: filtration parameters of weakly permeable deposits of the aeration zone. Methods: collection and analysis of archival materials, field filtration tests, simulation of the unsaturated

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Furukawa, S., K. Tokimori, J. Hirotsuji, and S. Shiono. "New operational support system for high nitrogen removal in oxidation ditch process." Water Science and Technology 37, no. 12 (1998): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0502.

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A new operational support system for the oxidation ditch process has been developed. It calculates the operational index from the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the ditch and the operator decides the aeration conditions to keep the index within the target range. Simulation and experimental results have led to creation of an operational index with an optimum value for every type of aeration. For example, the ratio of aerobic to anaerobic zone length (LAER/LANA ratio) is for the 1-point continuous aeration process, the ratio of aerobic to anaerobic duration time (TAER/TANA ratio) is fo

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Kowalczewska-Madura, Katarzyna, Joanna Rosińska, Renata Dondajewska-Pielka, Ryszard Gołdyn, and Lech Kaczmarek. "The Effects of Limiting Restoration Treatments in a Shallow Urban Lake." Water 12, no. 5 (2020): 1383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12051383.

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Swarzędzkie Lake, directly polluted for many years with municipal wastewater and heavily loaded with nutrient compounds from the catchment area, has become degraded and strongly eutrophicated. Strong cyanobacterial blooms have contributed, among others, to the cessation of recreational use of this urban lake. Its sustainable restoration was started in autumn 2011. These treatments were a combination of three complementary methods: aeration with a pulverizing aerator, phosphorus inactivation with small doses of magnesium chloride and iron sulphate (<15 kg ha−1) and biomanipulation. These tre

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Topp, G. C., B. Dow, M. Edwards, E. G. Gregorich, W. E. Curnoe, and F. J. Cook. "Oxygen measurements in the root zone facilitated by TDR." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 80, no. 1 (2000): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s99-037.

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Deleterious soil structural conditions, as from compaction, can reduce plant growth and yields by reducing aeration and oxygen in the rooting environment. Using a double-membrane oxygen cathode in each of four corn plots, we measured soil oxygen concentrations in duplicate at depths of 5, 10, 20 and 30 cm during the growing season. In addition, temperature, water content and bulk density determinations allowed the monitoring of O2 concentration trends under no-till and conventional-till corn management. Carbon dioxide flux from the soil surface was measured weekly. Temporal patterns of O2 leve

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Osuch, Ewa, Andrzej Osuch, Piotr Rybacki, and Andrzej Przybylak. "Analysis of the Theoretical Performance of the Wind-Driven Pulverizing Aerator in the Conditions of Góreckie Lake—Maximum Wind Speed Method." Energies 13, no. 2 (2020): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13020502.

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The eutrophication of surface waters is a natural process; however, anthropogenic activities significantly accelerate degradation processes. Most lakes in Poland and in the world belong to the poor and unsatisfactory water quality class. It is therefore necessary to limit negative anthropogenic impacts and introduce restoration methods, in particular those that are safe for the aquatic ecosystem. One of these is a pulverizing aeration Podsiadłowski method that uses only wind energy. The method allows for the moderate oxygenation of hypolimnion water, which maintains the oxygen conditions in th

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Inomae, Katsuto, Hiroyuki Araki, Kenichi Koga, Youichi Awaya, Tetsuya Kusuda, and Yasunari Matsuo. "Nitrogen Removal in an Oxidation Ditch with Intermittent Aeration." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 1-2 (1987): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0202.

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The typical process of nitrogen removal in the oxidation ditch is achieved through the control of oxygen supply ( forming aerobic and anoxic zones within the ditch channel) or alternating aeration using intermittently operating aerator(s). The operating conditions for efficient nitrogen removal with any of these methods have yet to be clarified. The purpose of this study is to establish an oxidation ditch system with a high rate of nitrogen removal by intermittent aeration. Effects of intermittent aeration on nitrogen removal characteristics were studied by experiments with a bench scale- and

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Putra, Rudy Syah, Muhammad Sarkawi, Aditya Deska Ramadhani, and Septianti Putri Sophiar. "Enhancement of EAPR Treatment Using Double Aeration System and Uptake by Pakcoy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis)." Advanced Materials Research 1162 (April 2021): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1162.74.

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This study was aimed at investigating the effect of electro-assisted and double aeration (EAPR-DA) system to enhance the lead removal in water and uptake by Pakcoy (Brassica rapa subsp. Chinensis). Variable regimes were created by 2 V of constant DC voltage using 2D stainless steel cathode-pot and Ti anode electrode, and aeration level of 10 L/min. The effectiveness of EAPR-DA, EAPR, phyto-aeration, and phytoremediation on the treatment was compared and evaluated by measuring the decrease of lead concentration in the water and accumulated in the plant using flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

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Ivanushkina, N. I., and G. P. Ryabtseva. "Groundwaters in Location of Chernobyl Atomic Station and Their Contamination with Radionuclides after the Accident." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 11 (1991): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0331.

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An evaluation of the influence of the Chernobyl Atomic Power Station (APS) accident upon ground waters of meliorative systems was carried out in a 30 km zone around the station. At the locations where elevation exceeds 5 m, the danger of contamination is minimum in the first 5 years, which is why emphasis was placed on flood plains of river valleys. In flood plains the ground water table (GWT) before the accident varied from 0.2 to 3.3 m with fluctuation from 0.5 to 3 m. Since the accident the systems haven't been in operation, the GWT fluctuation amplitude has decreased, the period of high wa

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Gulin, Maksim B., Igor V. Masberg, and Ekaterina А. Ivanova. "LARGE-SCALE EXPANSION OF HYPOXIA AT MARINE BENTHAL ZONE IN GEOMORPHOLOGICALLY COMPARABLE BAYS-FJORDS OF CRIMEA PENINSULA UNDER DIFFERENT TECHNOGENIC LOADS." South of Russia: ecology, development 13, no. 3 (2018): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2018-3-55-70.

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Aim. Comparative analysis of the aeration features of the bottom waters during the different seasons of the year between the Sevastopol and Donuzlav Bays as geomorphological similar in configuration semi-closed sea reservoirs of the Black Sea under different anthropogenic loads. Material and methods. Sevastopol and Donuzlav Bays, located in the Western part of the Crimean Peninsula, were studied. The concentration and total consumption of dissolved oxygen in the water column and the bottom layer were determined in situ using a digital LDO analyzer. The redox potential in bottom sediments was m

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Sun, Shichang, Xiang Cheng, Sha Li, Fei Qi, Yan Liu, and Dezhi Sun. "N2O emission from full-scale urban wastewater treatment plants: a comparison between A2O and SBR." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 9 (2013): 1887–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.066.

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The emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) from full-scale anoxic/anaerobic/oxic (A2O) and sequencing batch reactor (SBR) processes was measured to evaluate N2O emission from urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The results showed that N2O flux in the A2O WWTP followed an order of A2O-oxic zone &gt; aerated grit tank &gt;&gt; A2O-anaerobic zone &gt; A2O-anoxic zone &gt; final clarifier &gt; primary clarifier, while in the SBR WWTP the order was SBR tank &gt;&gt; swirl grit tank &gt; wastewater distribution tank and within the SBR tank in an order of SBR-feedi

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Pujol, R., and J. P. Canler. "Contact Zone: French Practice with Low F/M Bulking Control." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 7 (1994): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0345.

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A study of twelve wastewater treatment plants in France confirms the effectiveness of the contact zone technique in controlling sludge bulking (with a reduction in the Sludge Volume Index in 91% of cases) and foaming (improvement of the situation in 75% of the cases). The study focused on low-F/M activated sludge units in which organisms such as Microthrix p. or type 0041 (characteristic of these plants) were identified. Contact zones do not entail any major limitations, a fact which advocates their use in this type of treatment facility. Rational operation of the plant (in terms of aeration a

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Ninet, B., G. L. Grundmann, and A. Chalamet. "Aeration status in the root zone of maize in relation to soil water content." Plant and Soil 143, no. 2 (1992): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00007876.

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Pitman, A. R. "Design Considerations for Nutrient Removal Activated Sludge Plants." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 4-6 (1991): 781–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0529.

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Based on more than 10 years' experience with biological nutrient removal in Johannesburg, this paper highlights aspects which should be borne in mind in the design of such processes. Feed sewage quality and the question of treating raw or settled sewage are considered. More importantly, methods of rendering the feed more suitable for biological phosphorus removal are detailed. As nitrate feedback to the anaerobic zone can often mitigate against good phosphorus removal, methods of obviating this are covered. In this respect the need for, and placement of a second anoxic zone are discussed. Proc

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He, Xiao Wen, Guang Quan Xu, and Qing Qing Li. "Evaporation Conditions-Fly Ash Soil Filling with Water Movement of Air Bag Structure Experimental Research." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 2349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.2349.

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The movement of aeration zone water is an important part of water cycle in natural. It promotes the precipitation, hydraulic contact of surface water and groundwater. But the change of the structure of vadose zone produce certain effect to its moisture movement, especially on reclaimed land is concerned, moisture in the air bag filling structure with sports have new features. This article through the indoor one dimensional vertical cylindrical tests, and the evaporation conditions with fly ash material 2 structure with water bag gas distribution, probes into the air bag with different profile

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Bespalova, Yu V. "ON MULTIVARIATE APPROACH TO EVALUATE THE PROTECTION OF AQUIFERS AT DEVELOPMENT OF WESTERN SIBERIA OIL-AND-GAS BEARING AREAS." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 3 (June 30, 2015): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2015-3-7-15.

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The qualitative and quantitative assessment of ground waters protectability based on the regional specific charac-teristics of the lithology and thickness of impermeable deposits of the zone of aeration and overlying deposits, a ratio of confined and ground water levels, the soils and clay rocks absorptivity. The article gives the author's vision of ground waters natural protectability. It presents a quantitative estimation by three most well-known methods. Based on the calculations made a map of protectability of fresh ground waters in the Atlym-Novomikhailovsk complex for Nizhnevartovsk dist

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ZHANG, D., G. LI, Y. S. YANG, X. ZHANG, and H. GUO. "Bio-geological processes of nitrogen transport and transformation in the aeration zone and aquifer." Hydrological Sciences Journal 54, no. 2 (2009): 316–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1623/hysj.54.2.316.

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Ntwampe, S. K. O., M. S. Sheldon, and H. Volschenk. "Limitations of a membrane gradostat bioreactor designed for enzyme production from biofilms of Phanerochaete chrysosporium." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 11 (2008): 2259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.586.

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Growing interest has been shown in the continuous production of high-value products such as extracellular secondary metabolites used in the biotechnology, bioremediation and pharmaceutical industries. These high-value extracellular secondary metabolites are mostly produced in submerged fermentations. However, the use of continuous membrane bioreactors was determined to be highly productive. A novel membrane bioreactor, classified as a membrane gradostat reactor (MGR) was developed to immobilize biofilms to produce extracellular secondary metabolites continuously using an externally unskinned a

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Moulick, Sanjib, Naresh V. Tambada, Basant K. Singh, and B. C. Mal. "Aeration characteristics of a rectangular stepped cascade system." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 2 (2010): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.828.

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Aeration experiments, maintaining nappe flow conditions, were carried out on a rectangular stepped cascade of total height 3.0 m to determine the total number of steps, slope of the entire cascade and hydraulic loading rate at which maximum overall aeration efficiency occurs, keeping the surface area of individual steps constant. Based on dimensional analysis, the overall aeration efficiency at standard conditions (E20) was expressed as a function of square of total number of steps (N2) and dimensionless discharge (dc/h), where dc and h represent critical depth in a rectangular prismatic chann

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Dong, Li, Luo Yahong, Cai Yanan, Zeng Huiping, and Zhang Jie. "Bacterial composition and nutrient removal with a novel PIA-A2/O sewage treatment." Water Science and Technology 73, no. 11 (2016): 2722–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.086.

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A novel post intermittent aeration anaerobic–anoxic–oxic (PIA-A2/O) process was developed to integrate shortcut nitrification–denitrification with denitrifying phosphorus (P) removal for domestic sewage treatment. With the transformation in configuration and phased start-up strategy, the nitritation rate and the ratio of denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms to phosphorus accumulating organisms (DPAO/PAO) were enhanced greatly to 88.2% and 83.9–91.7% in the PIA-A2/O process, respectively. Improved total nitrogen and phosphorus removal were achieved at long sludge retention time and lo

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Zhoorov, Vladimir, and Dmitri Zhookov. "Tertiary Treatment of Wastewater in Biological Ponds." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 5 (1991): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0110.

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Stabilization ponds for tertiary treatment of wastewater are characterised by low concentration of biomass and low rates of biodegradation processes.As in such condition the power requirements for effective mixing of the pond's content are 10–15 times superior to those necessitated by oxygen supply, it is sometimes considered that the introduction of artificial aeration into the pond's system is uneconomical. Nevertheless, analysis of the factors determining performance and efficiency of ponds shows that power requirement for aeration could be significantly increased by raising the oxidation c

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Moriyama, K., M. Takahashi, and Y. Harada. "Retrofitting and Operation of Small Extended Aeration Plants for Advanced Treatment – Some Experiences in Japan." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 10 (1993): 377–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0256.

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Some experiences concerning a retrofit design and operation for nutrients removal in small extended aeration plants are presented. In this study a new biological phosphorus removal process as well as a biological nitrogen removal process based on a sequential oxic-anoxic-oxic process is investigated. The denitrification in the first oxic zone has a high removing effect for nitrogen, and the oxidation reduction potential (ORP) value and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration are useful indexes to maintain the optimum conditions of the first oxic zone for simultaneous denitrification. It is verifie

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White, Kevin D. "Enhancement of nitrogen removal in subsurface flow constructed wetlands employing a 2-stage configuration, an unsaturated zone, and recirculation." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 3 (1995): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0126.

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Constructed wetland technology is currently evolving into an acceptable, economically competitive alternative for many wastewater treatment applications. Although showing great promise for removing carbonaceous materials from wastewater, wetland systems have not been as successful at nitrification. This is primarily due to oxygen limitations. Nitrification does occur in conventional wetland treatment systems, but typically requires long hydraulic retention times. This paper describes a study that first evaluated the capability of subsurface flow constructed wetlands to treat a high strength se

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Rau Alexey,, Kadasheva Zhanar,, Rau Genadiy,, Anuarbekov Kanat,, and Meranzova Rossitza,. "GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF SOILS AND RICE YIELD IN THE ILI RIVER BASIN." NEWS of National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan 5, no. 443 (2020): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-170x.117.

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Rice irrigation systems in Kazakhstan are located on river terraces and levees of the Syr Darya, Ile, and Karatal rivers’ basins. The geological structure and lithological composition of soils in the aeration zone is characterized by a wide variety, differing in soil fertility, mechanical composition, water and physical properties, water availability and salinity. Alluvial-meadow and takyr soils consist of light and heavy loam, sandy loam, and clay [1,2,3]. Melioration errors of the rice irrigation systems, built in the period from 60s to 80s of the last century, can be described by the fact t

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Svardal, K., S. Lindtner, and S. Winkler. "Optimum aerobic volume control based on continuous in-line oxygen uptake monitoring." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 11 (2003): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0619.

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Dynamic adaptation of the aerated volume to changing load conditions is essential to maximise the nitrogen removal performance and to minimise energy consumption. A control strategy is presented which provides optimum aerobic volume control (OAV-control concept) based on continuous in-line oxygen uptake monitoring. For ammonium concentrations below 1 mg/l the oxygen uptake rate shows a strong and almost linear dependency on the ammonium concentration. Therefore, the oxygen uptake rate is an ideal indicator for the nitrification performance in activated sludge systems. The OAV-control concept p

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Rehman, U., M. Vesvikar, T. Maere, L. Guo, P. A. Vanrolleghem, and I. Nopens. "Effect of sensor location on controller performance in a wastewater treatment plant." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 5 (2014): 700–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.525.

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Complete mixing is hard to achieve in large bioreactors in wastewater treatment plants. This often leads to a non-uniform distribution of components such as dissolved oxygen and, hence, the process rates depend on them. Furthermore, when these components are used as input for a controller, the location of the sensor can potentially affect the control action. In this contribution, the effect of sensor location and the choice of setpoint on the controller performance were examined for a non-homogeneously mixed pilot bioreactor described by a compartmental model. The impacts on effluent quality a

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Tokarevsky, O., and I. Iarmosh. "Assessing Impact of Sorption in Geological Medium on Permissible Activity of Radioactive Waste in Near-Surface Disposal Facilities." Nuclear and Radiation Safety, no. 3(75) (August 22, 2017): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32918/nrs.2017.3(75).06.

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The paper considers the conservative scenario of potential exposure that envisages simultaneous destruction of barriers with simultaneous release of radionuclides by the example of Lot 3 near-surface radioactive waste disposal facility at the Vektor Industrial Complex located in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone. A conceptual model that considers migration of radionuclides through the aeration zone and aquifer to the potable water well, as well as mixing of infiltration water containing radionuclides with ground water in case of reaching the aquifer, was developed to analyze the mentioned scenario.

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Schuchardt, A., J. A. Libra, C. Sahlmann, J. Handschag, U. Wiesmann, and R. Gnirss. "Potential of OUR and OTR measurements for identification of activated sludge removal processes in aerated basins." Water Science and Technology 52, no. 12 (2005): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0449.

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In order to develop a process control scheme to reduce energy costs for aeration in activated sludge systems with biological P removal, pre-denitrification and nitrification stages, the spatial distribution of carbon oxidation and nitrification was evaluated over a long full-scale plug flow aeration basin using an externally measured specific oxygen uptake rate (sOUR) and in basin measurement of the actual specific oxygen transfer rate (sOTR) with off-gas testing as well as with the calculated oxygen demand from NH4-N concentrations (sOTR(N)). Using a simple static model, a gas phase balance o

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Koníček, Z., and J. Burdych. "Effect of Activated Sludge Processes on Secondary Settling Tank Efficiencies." Water Science and Technology 20, no. 4-5 (1988): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0163.

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Some calculations and experimental work on the turbulence in aeration tanks using different aeration systems and its effect on floc cohesion are presented. Vigorous aeration causes floc dispersion and it can be quantified in standard test conditions using velocity gradient calculations and comparing these with the numbers of particles in the supernatant liquor after 30 minutes settlement of the sludge. Tests on final settlement tanks indicated that the density current is of prime importance and that the harmful effects of this can be overcome by installing deep inlets and arranging to have the

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