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Academic literature on the topic 'Zone vadose'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 November 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Zone vadose"

1

Liu, Fan, Guanghui Jiang, Jia Wang, and Fang Guo. "The Recharge Process and Influencing Meteorological Parameters Indicated by Cave Pool Hydrology in the Bare Karst Mountainous Area." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 6, 2021): 1766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041766.

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Understanding the recharge and runoff processes of the vadose zone is significant for water resource management and utilization in karst mountain areas. Hydrological modeling of the vadose zone in karst caves has provided new methods of evaluating water resources in vadose zones. This paper provides modeling of vadose zone hydrology in a subtropical karst cave. The monitoring was conducted in Yuanyang Cave, Fengshan County, Guangxi Province, Southwest China. By monitoring the water level of a pool recharged by drop water in a cave, a model was established to calculate the natural leakage from the bottom and the infiltrated recharge from the vadose zone above. Combined with meteorological data records, the occurrence of recharge events in the vadose zone was analyzed. The correlation between them was established by multiple linear regression. The results showed that the infiltration ratio of precipitation was 20.88%. Recent rainfall of 4–7 days had shown a greater impact on recharge events than that of 3 days. The effect of evaporation was significant. The regression model in the cave pool was used to understand the hydrological process of the vadose zone, which provided a useful method for water resource management and evaluation in the remote karst mountain area.

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Qi, Tiansong, Longcang Shu, Hu Li, Xiaobo Wang, Yanqing Men, and Portia Annabelle Opoku. "Water Distribution from Artificial Recharge via Infiltration Basin under Constant Head Conditions." Water 13, no. 8 (April 12, 2021): 1052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13081052.

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The vadose zone plays a significant role during artificial recharge via the infiltration basin. Its thickness, lithology, heterogeneity, among others greatly affect the recharge efficiency. The main objective of this research is to establish the role of the vadose zone and the impacts of infiltration basin features and vadose zone factors on water distributions. In this work, an ideal conceptual model was considered, and mathematical models were built using HYDRUS (2D/3D) software package version 2.05. A total of 138 numerical experiments were implemented under seven types of experimental conditions. The experimental data were analyzed with the aid of correlation and regression analysis. The results showed that infiltration basin features and vadose zone factors had various impacts on water distribution, low permeability formation had various effects on evaporation depending on its depth, and there were consistent, similar, or different variation trends between infiltration and recharge. In conclusion, it is recommended that when the vadose zones are to be chosen as an infiltration basin site, the trade-off among the infiltration, recharge, storage, and evaporation should be seriously considered. This paper may contribute to a better understanding of the vadose zone as a buffer zone for artificial recharge.

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Panda, Banajarani, and Chidambaram S. "Influence of the vadose zone on groundwater pollution - A review." International Journal of Civil, Environmental and Agricultural Engineering 1, no. 1 (May 30, 2019): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ijceae1916.

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The vadose zone is the geologic profile that lies between the water table and the ground surface. It has low water content relative to the saturated zone and commonly referred as the unsaturated zone. Recharge to the water table passes through the vadose zone and understanding transport through this region is critical in groundwater pollution studies. Groundwater pollution is controlled by a number of physical and chemical processes which may retard or transform contaminants as they pass through the vadose zone. Porous materials hold water under tension as a component of soil structure, ambient fluid pressures and other factors. When vadose zone water content is below saturation, leakage liquid as well as the dissolved materials passed on in it are retained. Hydrologically, the depth of unsaturated zone plays an important role in controlling water movement and contaminant transport from the land surface to the aquifer. The purpose of this study is to present an overview of the principles of fluid flow and moisture retention in the vadose zone and its influence on groundwater pollution. The study is presented in two parts: Part I includes descriptions of zones of soil moisture, basic principles of properties controlling the fluid distribution in pore spaces and how subsurface soil properties can be used to assess the leachate mobility. Part II review the principle of fluid movement in the vadose zone and impact of seepage on groundwater pollution. This study will focus on how vadose zone conditions and soil properties act to control groundwater pollution.

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Skopp, J. "Vadose Zone Hydrology." Journal of Environmental Quality 31, no. 3 (May 2002): 1042–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2002.1042a.

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5

Anonymous. "Vadose zone monitoring." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 69, no. 46 (1988): 1570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/88eo01190.

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6

Cui, Tao. "Vertical Zonation in Penecontemporaneous Period of the Bauxite in WZD Area." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 1380–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.1380.

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Through systematically geologic survey and observation of drills, this paper have a comprehensive research on Vertical zonation in bauxite deposit of Wuchuan-Zheng,an-Daozhen (WZD) area. Environment of WZD bauxite in penecontemporaneous period can be divided into two parts: vadose zone and phreatic zone. Vadose zone is oxidized and acidic environment. Phreatic zone is reduced and alkalescent environment. Vadose zone is favorable to mineralization, but phreatic zone is not favorable to mineralization.

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7

Tesfaldet, Yacob T., and Avirut Puttiwongrak. "Seasonal Groundwater Recharge Characterization Using Time-Lapse Electrical Resistivity Tomography in the Thepkasattri Watershed on Phuket Island, Thailand." Hydrology 6, no. 2 (May 5, 2019): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology6020036.

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Understanding the recharge mechanisms in the vadose zone is crucial to groundwater management and artificial recharge development. In this study, a systematic characterization of seasonal groundwater recharge was done using time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (time-lapse ERT). The objective of this study was to characterize the seasonal groundwater recharge through the vadose zone and streams. A total of six electrical resistivity surveys in two locations were taken during the dry and rainy seasons using an advanced geosciences incorporated (AGI) SuperSting R2 resistivity meter in 2018. Then, time-lapse inversion was calculated using the dry season ERT as the base model and the rainy season ERTs as the monitoring datasets. The results showed a significant decrease in inverted resistivity from the dry season to the rainy season, which suggests rainwater infiltration through the vadose zone. Similarly, significant water level rise was observed in wells monitored during the survey indicating groundwater recharge. The time-lapse ERT showed, in one case, the Nang Dak stream and the unsaturated zones are the preferential groundwater recharge zones throughout the year; in another case, the Rieng stream is the groundwater discharge zone and the vadose zone is the preferential recharge zone. Finally, a simplified conceptual hydrogeological model representing the study area is presented to visualize the recharge mechanisms in the study area.

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Liu, Rui-Ping, Fei Liu, Ping-Ping Sun, El-Wardany R.M., Ying Dong, Yi-Bing Zhang, Hua-Qing Chen, and Jian-Gang Jiao. "Research Progress of Microplastic Pollution in the Vadose Zone." Water 14, no. 21 (November 7, 2022): 3586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14213586.

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Microplastics (MPs) are widely distributed in the environment. MP pollution has been found in the environment globally, which directly threatens human health. It is of great importance to study the influencing factors and mechanism of MP migration in the vadose zone to evaluate its distribution and environmental risk accurately. Through a literature review, the source, migration, and transformation of MPs in the vadose zone were summarized, and the influencing factors of MP migration in the vadose zone were systematically expounded. The mechanism of MP migration was analyzed, and future research was suggested. The factors affecting the migration of MPs can be divided into chemical, physical, and biological categories. At present, research on the migration of MPs in the vadose zone is in its infancy. In a further study, the migration of MPs at the field scale, the synergistic migration and transformation of MPs with other pollutants and the mutual feedback mechanism, and the use of the properties and biological functions of the vadose zone to study the role and mechanism of MPs in global carbon neutralization are worthy of attention.

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Barkle, Greg, Tim Clough, and Roland Stenger. "Denitrification capacity in the vadose zone at three sites in the Lake Taupo catchment, New Zealand." Soil Research 45, no. 2 (2007): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr06141.

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Land use in the Lake Taupo catchment is under scrutiny, as early signs of deteriorating water quality in Lake Taupo have been observed. Although the fate of contaminants in soil and groundwater are comparatively well studied, the transformations in the lower vadose zone, i.e. the zone between the soil and the groundwater, are less well understood. The capacity for NO3-N removal via biological denitrification, based on utilising the resident C substrate, in the vadose zone of the Lake Taupo catchment is quantified in this work. Complete vadose zone profiles were sampled at 3 sites (Rangiatea, Waihora, and Kinloch), from the soil surface down to the watertable in approximately 0.5-m depth increments. Texture, allophane content, pH, and concentrations of extractable NO3-N, NH4-N, and dissolved organic carbon were determined. Incubations were undertaken to determine the denitrification capacity of the vadose zone materials amended with NO3-15N, but no added carbon substrate, and maintained under anaerobic conditions at 28°C. Gas samples were taken from the headspace after 48 h and analysed for N2 and N2O. In soil depths down to about 1.2 m, the denitrification capacity ranged from 0.03 to 9.18 kg N/ha.day, and below this depth it ranged from <0.01 to 0.09 kg N/ha.day. A palaeosol layer in the Waihora profile had an enhanced denitrification capacity compared with the other samples in deeper zones of the profiles. In the surface sampling, at least 99.9% of the gas recovered from the 15N applied was in the form of N2. In contrast, no N2 gas production could be detected in any sample from below the second sampling depth, with only N2O detected. Denitrification capacities of all vadose zone materials were low when compared with other studies. Thus, careful land management is required to avoid groundwater contamination by nitrate leaching from the root-zone of the pasture.

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Baram, S., Z. Ronen, D. Kurtzman, C. Külls, and O. Dahan. "Desiccation-crack-induced salinization in deep clay sediment." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 4 (April 22, 2013): 1533–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1533-2013.

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Abstract. A study on water infiltration and solute transport in a clayey vadose zone underlying a dairy farm waste source was conducted to assess the impact of desiccation cracks on subsurface evaporation and salinization. The study is based on five years of continuous measurements of the temporal variation in the vadose zone water content and on the chemical and isotopic composition of the sediment and pore water in it. The isotopic composition of water stable isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) in water and sediment samples, from the area where desiccation crack networks prevail, indicated subsurface evaporation down to ~ 3.5 m below land surface, and vertical and lateral preferential transport of water, following erratic preferential infiltration events. Chloride (Cl−) concentrations in the vadose zone pore water substantially increased with depth, evidence of deep subsurface evaporation and down flushing of concentrated solutions from the evaporation zones during preferential infiltration events. These observations led to development of a desiccation-crack-induced salinization (DCIS) conceptual model. DCIS suggests that thermally driven convective air flow in the desiccation cracks induces evaporation and salinization in relatively deep sections of the subsurface. This conceptual model supports previous conceptual models on vadose zone and groundwater salinization in fractured rock in arid environments and extends its validity to clayey soils in semi-arid environments.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Zone vadose"

1

Zhang, Jing. "Modeling considerations for vadose zone soil moisture dynamics." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001982.

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Ausland, Hayden Willis. "Vadose zone denitrification enhancement by poplars during dormancy." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4566.

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Dickinson, Jesse, and Jesse Dickinson. "Filtering of Cyclical Infiltration Forcings in the Vadose Zone." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623171.

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Infiltration and downward percolation of water in the vadose zone are important processes that define the availability of water resources in many areas of the world. Flow in the vadose zone can vary spatially and temporally because of the complex exchange of water and energy between the land surface and atmosphere. Precipitation and infiltration forcings at the surface are filtered in the vadose zone in terms of the lag time between the forcing at the land surface and a response at any depth, and the damping of the magnitude of flux variability with depth. Climate projections call for changes in both the timing and magnitude of precipitation and land surface forcings, which increases the importance of understanding how the vadose zone filters these forcings to predict the impacts of climate variability and change on groundwater resources. This dissertation research presents a theoretical framework for assessing how cyclical variations in one-dimensional, vertical flow are filtered in the vadose zone. The filtering properties are described using analytical and numerical solutions. The analytical solution linearizes Richards equation by representing the diffusive properties of the soil as constant through time. The numerical solution uses the full Richards equation. Three implications for filtering in the vadose zone using a linearized and full Richards equation are investigated in three modeling experiments. In the first experiment, the analytical solution is used to identify subregions of aquifers where infiltration variations are sufficiently damped so that recharge can be approximated to be steady through time. The linearized solution overestimates the diffusive properties of soils, thus the amount of damping and the area of subregions of steady recharge are both under predicted. In the second experiment, the linearized analytical solution is superimposed vertically to represent the lag time and damping in layered soils. The superposed linearized solutions do not represent transitions of soil-water properties that occur between real soil layers. As a result, the filtering can be over or under predicted because of systematic errors in the estimated water capacity in the analytical solution. The filtering in homogenous and layered soils (first and second experiments) is more accurate when the water content and diffusivity variations are small, and when soil layers are relatively thick compared to the depth over which the damping occurs. In the third configuration, a numerical solution which solves the full Richards equation is used to evaluate how multiple asynchronous infiltration cycles interfere constructively and destructively in homogeneous soil. A new cyclical variation in infiltration is generated within the vadose zone through the nonlinear interaction of cycles with similar frequencies. The emergent cycle may result in prolonged periods of both enhanced and decreased recharge.

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Nakajima, Hideo. "Centrifuge modeling of LNAPL movement in the vadose zone /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2002. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Rossi, Matteo. "Non invasive hydrogeophysical techniques for vadose zone hydrological characterization." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3427485.

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Hydrogeophysics is a discipline that emerged and had a great development in the last two decades. The aim of this discipline is the subsurface hydrological and hydrogeological characterization via non-invasive geophysical techniques. Conventional sampling techniques, for characterizing or monitoring the shallow subsurface, are typically sparsely distributed or acquired at an inappropriate scale. Non-invasive geophysical datasets can provide more dense 2D/3D information. The present work focused on the hydrological characterization of the vadose zone, as it is a challenging issue that may be more deeply and extended understood. The dependence of the geophysical response on changes in soil moisture content, e.g. via changes in electrical resistivity or dielectric properties, is the key mechanism that permits the use of non-invasive techniques to monitor the vadose zone in time-lapse mode, i.e. via repeated measurements over time. The use of these techniques in different configurations in the shallow and deep vadose zones can provide high-resolution images of hydrogeological structures and a detailed assessment of dynamic processes in the subsurface environment. The data from non-invasive techniques can subsequently be used to calibrate physical-mathematical models of water flow in the unsaturated zone. The understanding of fluid-dynamics is the key to all hydrologically-controlled environmental problems. The hydrogeophysical approach is based on links that can be established between geophysical quantities and hydrological variables, such as water content and solute concentration, generally in the form of empirical or semi-empirical petrophysical relationships. The classical hydrogeophysical approach in hydraulic parameters evaluation starts from the measured geophysical data to estimate the hydrological state, albeit careful is need at this step: essential is the knowledge achievable from field data and the relative accuracy in the physical translation. Anyway this is the starting point for the hydrological simulation. Subsequently the hydrological modelled parameters may be compared and evaluated with the hydrological quantities obtained from geophysics through the petrophysical relationships. This approach can lead to erroneous parameter inference, if the spatial resolution of the geophysical techniques is not taking into account. A different approach can be proceed, to overcome this issue. In spite of translating geophysical parameters in hydrological quantities, the comparison may be done directly on the not-inverted geophysical data. The geophysical surveys can be simulated with a forward model, starting from the hydrological modelled properties distribution and applying the petrophysical relationship to reconstruct the geophysical spatially-distributed parameters. At this point geophysical measured and simulated data can be compared, with the aim of calibrate and validate the hydrological model under examination. This second approach, not requiring geophysical inversions, is able to overcome artefacts deriving from the inversion procedure; but the resolution of the surveys must be considered, because an hydrological state should not be reproduced from geophysical methodologies, even if the two datasets, both simulated and measured, are in a perfect fitting. The work is divided in two complementary parts. The first part is centred on the hydrological quasi-steady state characterization from cross-hole radar measurements. In many studies cross-borehole zero offset profiles (ZOP) are used to infer subsoil moisture content, which are a key topic in hydrological modelling and consequently in hydraulic parameters estimation. The principal aim of this work is to have a more complete view of how boreholes GPR ZOP measurements are informative of the subsoil geometry and distribution of relative permittivity. This is essential in moisture content estimation, uncertainty quantification and in the initial setting of parameters necessary for starting an hydrological model. For this purpose three different ZOP datasets are analysed: a synthetic dataset and two field-measured datasets. The second part of the work is the hydrogeophysical inversion of a tracer test in the vadose zone, conducted at the Hatfield site (near Doncaster, UK). The path of a tracer in vadose zone may be masked from the variations of the physical status surrounding the dispersive plume; this could lead to erroneous interpretations of the evolving plume. The load of the new water, that moves under gravitational forces, produces the raising of the degree of saturation in the media just below the plume. This incidental effect could significantly contribute to geophysical signals and hydrological characterizations. The aim of this study is the recognition and distinction of the paths of the new injected fluid from the groundwater, already present in the system and activated from pressure variations, in a sort of “piston” effect. The discrimination between the new percolating water and the old pushed-down water is a key issue in aquifer vulnerability and soil pollution migrations, which can affect the vadose zone. In this second part the hydrogeophysical inversion is conducted: the simulated hydrological quantities are used to obtain a geophysical forward model of ZOP surveys, that should be compared with measured ZOP soundings. An estimation of the goodness of the hydrological model is then possible. A particle tracking code is then run to detect the exact evolution of the tracer plume in the subsurface. A comparison with the results from the inverted geophysical datasets is able to discriminate the tracer fluid from the old water of the system and to individuate where the geophysical imaging could be deceptive and misleading. The present work is an example of the hydrogeophysical inversion methods, where great emphasis is focused on the characterization of the hydraulic state preceding the tracer injection test. Anyway the system must be stressed under artificial hydraulic states to force the parameters estimation and to limit the range of probable hydrological models.
L’idrogeofisica è una disciplina che è emersa ed ha avuto un importante sviluppo nelle ultime due decadi. Lo scopo di questa disciplina è la caratterizzazione idrologica ed idrogeologica del sottosuolo attraverso tecniche geofisiche non invasive. Le tecniche di campionamento convenzionali sono di norma spazialmente distribuite ed acquisite ad una scala impropria. Le tecniche geofisiche invece permettono indagini spazialmente più fitte in 2D o 3D. Il presente lavoro si focalizza sulla caratterizzazione idrologica della zona vadosa. I dati ottenuti dalle tecniche geofisiche possono essere utilizzati per calibrare modelli fisico matematici del flusso nella zona del non-saturo. Tale approccio idrogeofisico è basato su relazioni petrofisiche che legano le quantità geofisiche con le variabili idrologiche. Il classico approccio idrogeofisico parte dalle misure geofisiche per ottenere una stima di parametri idrologici, che a loro volta vengono impiegati in modelli idraulici in grado di fornire ulteriori proprietà del sistema idraulico del sottosuolo. I modelli idrologici vengono successivamente validati e calibrati con i risultati delle inversioni geofisiche in time-lapse. Questo approccio prevede l’inversione del dato geofisico, metodo che può portare ad immagini del sottosuolo che contengono artefatti e che non tengono conto della risoluzione della tecnica applicata. Un approccio differente prevede che ai parametri stimati dai modelli idraulici siano applicate le relazioni petrofisiche, al fine di tradurre le quantità idrologiche in quantità geofisiche. A questo punto la simulazione di modelli geofisici diretti permette un confronto immediato con i dati misurati, senza l’ausilio dell’inversione geofisica. Il presente lavoro è suddiviso in due parti. La prima parte è centrata sulla caratterizzazione idrologica dello stato stazionario iniziale attraverso misure radar (GPR). Lo scopo principale del lavoro è quello di quantificare quanto le misure GPR a zero offset profiling (ZOP) siano informative delle geometrie del sottosuolo e delle relative condizioni di contenuto idraulico dei materiali. Questo lavoro è essenziale per ottenere una stima del contenuto idrico del sottosuolo e della relativa incertezza che ne deriva, poiché tali stime sono il punto di partenza delle simulazioni idrauliche. La seconda parte del lavoro è focalizzata sulla inversione idrogeofisica di un test con tracciante salino condotto ad Hatfield (UK). L’approccio idrogeofisico adottato è quello di simulare misure geofisiche direttamente dalla distribuzione dei parametri idrologici calcolati, per ottenere una calibrazione di quelle quantità idrologiche scopo della metodologia applicata. La ricostruzione dell’evoluzione di un plume iniettato nella zona vadosa è interessante ai fini di identificare i possibili percorsi di un contaminante nel sottosuolo. A tale scopo un codice di particle tracking è stato applicato ai risultati dell’inversione idrologica. Il codice di partcle tracking è in grado di distinguere i percorsi dell’acqua iniettata dall’acqua già presente nel sistema e movimentata del cambiamento di pressione in atto, ‘effetto pistone’. Le inversioni delle misure geofisiche non permettono di distinguere il fluido tracciante dai cambiamenti del contenuto idrico dei materiali adiacenti al plume iniettato.

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Lookingbill, Scott David, and Scott David Lookingbill. "Effects of concentration-dependent surface tension on vadose zone instrumentation." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626774.

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Many of the organic compounds of environmental interest which are commonly found at contaminated sites have the effect of lowering the surface tension of water in proportion to their aqueous concentration. Laboratory studies were conducted to investigate the effects of reduced surface tension on instruments commonly used to measure pressure head in the vadose zone. Gypsum block electrical resistance sensors and heat dissipation probes were calibrated in tap water and in butanol solutions. A scaling relationship was used to correct pressure head measurements taken in liquids of reduced surface tension. The results indicate that the these measurements would be in error in that they would underestimate pressure head for solutions of lower surface tension to the same factor by which surface tension was reduced. This would result in pressure head gradient and flux being underestimated as well. Therefore, surface tension effects on these instruments should be considered when measuring pressure head in soils contaminated with organic compounds.

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Unc, Adrian. "Transport of faecal bacteria from manure through the vadose zone." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ40445.pdf.

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Bashir, Rashid Smith James E. Stolle Dieter. "Quantification of surfactant-induced unsaturated flow in the vadose zone." *McMaster only, 2007.

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9

Dippenaar, Matthys Alois. "Assessment of vadose zone hydrology : concepts, methods, applications and guidelines." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43319.

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Vadose zone hydrology is a developing science influenced by earth scientists (soil scientists, pedologists, hydrogeologists, engineering geologists and geomorphologists) and engineers (geotechnical). However, problems faced are associated with lack of agreement between basic concepts, different approaches and definitions, and difficulty in communicating findings to other technical or non-‐technical audiences. The need for better cross-‐disciplinary dialogue and understanding subsequently becomes increasingly important, notably given the sensitivity of investigation related to ephemeral wetlands, contamination and water impacting infrastructure development. This thesis therefore aims to address basic concepts, accepted methodologies and highly variable and sensitive case studies in order to minimise risk in the assessment of the vadose zone. Terminologies, quantification, methods and existing guidelines are critically appraised and validated based on three case studies. Findings are reported in order to improve investigation techniques and to minimise risk. Final recommendations are made regarding a proposed vadose zone assessment protocol to ensure compliance to a set of minimum requirements for vadose zone assessment. It is hoped that such a methodology will be implemented towards protection of the natural environment, notably in urban areas, as well as to prevent damage to infrastructure.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
lk2014
Geology
PhD
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Patton, Erik Mark. "Modeling vadose zone wells and infiltration basins to compare recharge efficiency in unconfined aquifers." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38217.

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Master of Science
Department of Geology
Saugata Datta
In specific lithologic and hydrogeological settings, Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) projects using vadose zone wells have the potential to outperform infiltration basins in terms of volume of water recharged. Numerical modeling can assist in determining which recharge method is most efficient in infiltrating water to unconfined alluvial aquifers of differing unsaturated zone lithologic complexities. The Sagamore Lens Aquifer (SLA) in Cape Cod, Massachusetts is an example of an aquifer with minimal lithologic complexity while the Hueco Bolson Aquifer (HBA) near El Paso, Texas has greater lithologic complexity. This research combines two U.S. Geological Survey numerical models to simulate recharge from infiltration basins and vadose wells at these two locations. VS2DTI, a vadose zone model, and MODFLOW-2005, a saturated zone model, were run sequentially at both sites and with both vadose well and infiltration basin recharge methods simulated. Results were compared to determine the relative effectiveness of each method at each location and to determine the effects of vadose zone complexity on recharge. At the HBA location, soil samples were tested for conductivity and grain size distribution and a microgravity survey was begun to constrain the models. The infiltration basin structure proved to be more efficient, infiltrating more water volume at both locations. Lithologic complexity formed perched conditions in the HBA model, significantly affecting infiltration rates from both infiltration methods at that location. Methods and conclusion from this study can assist in the modeling and design of future MAR projects, especially in locations with thick or lithologically complex vadose zones.

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Books on the topic "Zone vadose"

1

Selker, John S. Vadose zone processes. Boca Raton, Fla: Lewis Publishers, 1999.

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Nielsen, DM, and AI Johnson, eds. Ground Water and Vadose Zone Monitoring. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp1053-eb.

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Bar-Yosef, Bnayahu, N. J. Barrow, and J. Goldshmid, eds. Inorganic Contaminants in the Vadose Zone. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74451-8.

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1929-, Wilson L. G., Everett Lorne G, and Cullen Stephen J, eds. Handbook of vadose zone characterization & monitoring. Boca Raton: Lewis Publishers, 1995.

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C, Hern S., and Melancon S. M, eds. Vadose zone modeling of organic pollutants. Chelsea, Mich: Lewis Publishers, 1986.

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National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.), Center for Remediation Technology and Tools (U.S.), and Dynamac Corporation, eds. Estimation of infiltration rate in the vadose zone. Cincinnati, OH: National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1998.

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Kogovšek, Janja. Characteristics of percolation through the karst vadose zone. Ljubljana: Založba ZRC, 2010.

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Nielsen, DM, and MN Sara, eds. Current Practices in Ground Water and Vadose Zone Investigations. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp1118-eb.

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Ritchey, JD, and JO Rumbaugh, eds. Subsurface Fluid-Flow (Ground-Water and Vadose Zone) Modeling. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp1288-eb.

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David, Nielsen, and Sara Martin N. 1946-, eds. Current practices in ground water and vadose zone investigations. Philadelphia: ASTM, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Zone vadose"

1

Everett, Lorne G. "Vadose zone monitoring." In Geotechnical Practice for Waste Disposal, 651–75. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3070-1_24.

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Mathias, Simon A. "Vadose Zone Processes." In Hydraulics, Hydrology and Environmental Engineering, 373–403. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41973-7_17.

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King, R. Barry, Gilbert M. Long, and John K. Sheldon. "Vadose Zone Bioremediation." In Practical Environmental Bioremediation, 153–60. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003421269-11.

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Surbeck, Cristiane Q., and Jeff Kuo. "Vadose Zone Soil Remediation." In Site Assessment and Remediation for Environmental Engineers, 121–72. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, 2021. |: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429427107-5.

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Maliva, Robert G. "Vadose Zone Testing Techniques." In Springer Hydrogeology, 287–305. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11084-0_10.

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Maliva, Robert G. "Vadose Zone Infiltration Systems." In Springer Hydrogeology, 567–601. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11084-0_17.

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Maliva, Robert G. "Vadose Zone Hydrology Basics." In Springer Hydrogeology, 43–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11084-0_3.

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Shukla, Manoj K. "Water in the Vadose Zone." In Soil Physics, 117–56. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429264849-8.

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Shukla, Manoj K. "Flow through the Vadose Zone." In Soil Physics, 157–86. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429264849-9.

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Shukla, Manoj K. "Airflow through the Vadose Zone." In Soil Physics, 287–96. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429264849-14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Zone vadose"

1

Triplett, Mark B., Mark D. Freshley, Michael J. Truex, Dawn M. Wellman, Kurt D. Gerdes, Briant L. Charboneau, John G. Morse, Robert W. Lober, and Glen B. Chronister. "Integrated Strategy to Address Hanford’s Deep Vadose Zone Remediation Challenges." In ASME 2010 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2010-40262.

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A vast majority of Hanford’s remaining in-ground contaminants reside in the vadose zone of the Central Plateau, where reprocessing operations occurred. The vadose zone is comprised of about 75 meters of water-unsaturated sediments above groundwater. If left untreated, these contaminants could reach groundwater and could remain a threat for centuries. Much of this contamination resides deep in the vadose zone, below the effective depth of tradition surface remedy influence. In 2008, the Department of Energy initiated deep vadose zone treatability testing to seek remedies for technetium-99 and uranium contamination. These tests include the application of desiccation for technetium-99 and reactive gas technologies for uranium. To complement these efforts, the Department of Energy has initiated a “defense-in-depth” approach to address the unique challenges for characterization and remediation of the deep vadose zone. This defense-in-depth approach will implement multiple approaches to understand and control contaminant flux from the deep vadose zone to the groundwater. Among these approaches is an increased investment in science and technology solutions to resolve deep vadose zone challenges including characterization, prediction, remediation, and monitoring.

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Shuangping, Han, and Jing Jihong. "Soil Solution Extraction Technic in Vadose Zone." In 2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceet.2009.593.

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Mikula, J. Bradley, Shirley E. Clark, Brett V. Long, and Daniel P. Treese. "Vadose Zone Modeling Applied to Stormwater Infiltration." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2007. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40927(243)14.

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Jansik, Danielle, Dawn M. Wellman, Shas V. Mattigod, Lirong Zhong, Yuxin Wu, Martin Foote, Fred Zhang, and Susan Hubbard. "Foam: Novel Delivery Technology for Remediation of Vadose Zone Environments." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59019.

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Deep vadose zone environments can be a primary source and pathway for contaminant migration to groundwater. These environments present unique characterization and remediation challenges that necessitate scrutiny and research. The thickness, depth, and intricacies of the deep vadose zone, combined with a lack of understanding of the key subsurface processes (e.g., biogeochemical and hydrologic) affecting contaminant migration, make it difficult to create validated conceptual and predictive models of subsurface flow dynamics and contaminant behavior across multiple scales. These factors also make it difficult to design and deploy sustainable remedial approaches and monitor long-term contaminant behavior after remedial actions. Functionally, methods for addressing contamination must remove and/or reduce transport of contaminants. This problem is particularly challenging in the arid western United States where the vadose zone is hundreds of feet thick, rendering transitional excavation methods exceedingly costly and ineffective. Delivery of remedial amendments is one of the most challenging and critical aspects for all remedy-based approaches. The conventional approach for delivery is through heterogeneous deep vadose zone environments present hydrologic and geochemical challenges that limit the effectiveness. Because the flow of solution infiltration is dominantly controlled by gravity and suction, injected liquid preferentially percolates through highly permeable pathways, by-passing low-permeability zones that frequently contain the majority of contamination. Moreover, the wetting front can readily mobilize and enhance contaminant transport to the underlying aquifer prior to stabilization. Development of innovative in-situ technologies may be the only means to meet remedial action objectives and long-term stewardship goals. Surfactants can be used to lower the liquid surface tension and create stabile foams, which readily penetrate low permeability zones. Although surfactant foams have been used for subsurface mobilization efforts in the oil and gas industry, thus far the concept of using foams as a delivery mechanism for transporting remedial amendments into deep vadose zone environments to stabilize metal and long-lived radionuclide contaminants has not been explored. Foam flow can be directed by pressure gradients, rather than being dominated by gravity; and foam delivery mechanisms limit the volume of water (< 5% vol.) required for remedy delivery and emplacement, thus mitigating contaminant mobilization. We will present the results of a numerical modeling and integrated laboratory-/intermediate-scale investigation to simulate, develop, demonstrate, and monitor (i.e., advanced geophysical techniques and advanced predictive biomarkers) foam-based delivery of remedial amendments to remediate metals and radionuclides in vadose zone environments.

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Mikula, J. B., S. E. Clark, and K. H. Baker. "Applying a Vadose Zone Model to Stormwater Infiltration." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40856(200)379.

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Schroeder, Paul R., and Nadim M. Aziz. "Effect of Vadose Zone on CDF Leachate Concentration." In Third Specialty Conference on Dredging and Dredged Material Disposal. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40680(2003)33.

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Wellman, Dawn M., Shas V. Mattigod, Susan Hubbard, Ann Miracle, Lirong Zhong, Martin Foote, Yuxin Wu, and Danielle Jansik. "Advanced Remedial Methods for Metals and Radionuclides in Vadose Zone Environments." In ASME 2010 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2010-40235.

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Functionally, the methods for addressing contamination must remove and/or reduce transport or toxicity of contaminants. This problem is particularly challenging in arid environments where the vadose zone can be up to hundreds of feet thick, rendering transitional excavation methods exceedingly costly and ineffective. Delivery of remedial amendments is one of the most challenging and critical aspects for all remedy-based approaches. The conventional approach for delivery is through injection of aqueous remedial solutions. However, heterogeneous vadose zone environments present hydrologic and geochemical challenges that limit the effectiveness. Because the flow of solution infiltration is dominantly controlled by gravity and suction, injected liquid preferentially percolates through highly permeable pathways, by-passing low-permeability zones which frequently contain the majority of the contamination. Moreover, the wetting front can readily mobilize and enhance contaminant transport to underlying aquifers prior to stabilization. Development of innovative, in-situ technologies may be the only way to meet remedial action objectives and long-term stewardship goals. Shear-thinning fluids (i.e., surfactants) can be used to lower the liquid surface tension and create stabile foams, which readily penetrate low permeability zones. Although surfactant foams have been utilized for subsurface mobilization efforts in the oil and gas industry, so far, the concept of using foams as a delivery mechanism for transporting reactive remedial amendments into deep vadose zone environments to stabilize metal and long-lived radionuclide contaminants has not been explored. Foam flow can be directed by pressure gradients, rather than being dominated by gravity; and, foam delivery mechanisms limit the volume of water (< 20% vol.) required for remedy delivery and emplacement, thus mitigating contaminant mobilization. We will present the results of a numerical modeling and integrated laboratory-/intermediate-scale investigation to simulate, develop, demonstrate, and monitor (i.e. advanced geophysical techniques and advanced predictive microbial markers) foam-based delivery of remedial amendments to remediate metals and radionuclides in vadose zone environments.

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Hahesy, Paula, Graham Heinson, Anthony L. Endres, and John L. Hutson. "Geophysical Signature of Moisture Distributions in the Vadose Zone." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2000. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.2922749.

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Indraratna, B., B. Fatahi, and H. Khabbaz. "Numerical Prediction of Vadose Zone Behaviour Influenced by Vegetation." In Fourth International Conference on Unsaturated Soils. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40802(189)191.

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Hahesy, Paula, Graham Heinson, Anthony L. Endres, and John L. Hutson. "Geophysical Signature Of Moisture Distributions In The Vadose Zone." In 13th EEGS Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.200.2000_029.

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Reports on the topic "Zone vadose"

1

Springer, Sarah D. Central Plateau Vadose Zone Geoframework. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1603767.

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Carrigan, C. R. Dynamics of Vadose Zone Transport: a Field and Modeling Study using the Vadose Zone Observatory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15001983.

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Butcher, B. T. Vadose zone flow convergence test suite. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1361662.

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Efurd, D. W. Vadose zone drilling at the NTS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/145322.

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Carrigan, Charles R. The Dynamics of Vadose Zone Transport: A Field and Modeling Study Using the Vadose Zone Observatory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/833625.

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Gee, Glendon W., and Anderson L. Ward. Vadose Zone Transport Field Study: Status Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/789919.

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Ward, Andy L., Mark E. Conrad, William D. Daily, James B. Fink, Vicky L. Freedman, Glendon W. Gee, Gary M. Hoversten, et al. Vadose Zone Transport Field Study: Summary Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/889068.

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Gee, Glendon W., and Anderson L. Ward. Vadose Zone Transport Field Study: Status Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/965668.

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Kupar, J., T. R. Jarosch, D. G. Jr Jackson, B. B. Looney, K. M. Jerome, B. D. Riha, J. Rossabi, and R. S. Van Pelt. A/M Area Vadose Zone Monitoring Plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/653919.

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Robert C. Roback and Yemane Asmerom. Field-scale in Situ measurements of Vadose Zone Flow and Transport Using Multiple Tracers at INEEL Vadose Zone Research. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/882479.

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