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Journal articles on the topic 'Zongo'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Brady, Colleen, and Michael Hooper. "Redefining Engagement with Socio-spatially Marginalised Populations: Learning from Ghana’s Ministry of Inner City and Zongo Development." Urbanisation 4, no. 1 (May 2019): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455747119868532.

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Global interest in enhancing accountability and community participation has led many governments to engage socio-spatially marginalised populations left behind by urban development. This article examines an emergent example of these efforts: Ghana’s Ministry of Inner City and Zongo Development (MICZD). The MICZD’s objective is to improve the social and infrastructural development of zongos, or ‘stranger’s quarters’, which have historically housed Hausa migrants and are associated with slum-like conditions. The study draws on 38 interviews with government stakeholders, community organisations and local leaders as well as on four focus groups with zongo residents. The results reveal four key findings. First, the MICZD’s engagement with zongos is perceived as politically motivated, with this viewed negatively by some and positively by others. Second, the MICZD’s timeline is perceived differently depending on who is being asked. Third, respondents differ in their prioritisation of physical versus social improvements, with the MICZD focussing on physical interventions and zongo residents focussing on social and economic development. Finally, different groups have varied visions of success for the MICZD. The article concludes by identifying two paths towards more empowering state–society engagement—more continuous engagement and counterbalancing powers—and proposes how lessons from the MICZD can inform engagement with marginalised populations more broadly.

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Casentini, Giulia. "Migration networks and narratives in Ghana: a case study from the Zongo." Africa 88, no. 3 (July 17, 2018): 452–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972018000177.

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AbstractThe historical presence of Zongo communities in contemporary Ghana is analysed through archival documents and ethnography, with the aim of highlighting their social and political value as migrant communities, and their possible inclusion in the urban strategy of the country. Zongos have been present in Ghana since precolonial and colonial times, depending on specific cases, and are historically connected to the presence of Muslim trade communities in the market areas of various urban settlements. I argue that their role in the Ghanaian socio-political landscape goes beyond this common definition: Zongos act as interlocutors between the urban centre and peripheral rural areas, and they have a potentially effective role in dealing with migrant flows. Zongo people elaborate their memory of migration in particular ways, revealing both an inherent mode of producing a common group identity, and a conscious strategy of inclusion in the contemporary political dynamics of Ghana.

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Ampofo, Justice Agyei, and Abigail Antwi Abrefi. "THE EFFECT OF ALCOHOLISM AMONG THE YOUTH OF ZONGO COMMUNITY OF WA IN THE UPPER WEST REGION OF GHANA." International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research 2, no. 5 (October 23, 2020): 314–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v2i5.165.

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There are many adverse consequences of drinking alcohol during youth age. However, there seems to be paucity of studies on alcohol usage among the youths in Ghana in general and Zongo Community youths in Wa Municipality in the Upper West Region of Ghana in particular. This research seeks to bridge this knowledge gap by determining the effects of alcoholism on the youth of Zongo Community in Wa of the Upper West Region of Ghana. The youth from Zongo Community were selected from the Wa Municipality. The sample consisted of 100 participants who were randomly sampled. The data gathering tool was a 41 item questionnaire containing both open and close-ended questions. The data was analysis in percentages and findings were presented in the form of tables, pie charts and bar charts. The study revealed a high rate of alcohol consumption among youths of Wa Zongo community. The study also revealed that males consume more alcohol as compared to females. It was also found that peer influence, family history of alcohol use and stress are the major causes of alcohol use among youth of Zongo Community in the Wa Municipality. The study recommends for ‘Alcohol Anonymous’ groups to be formed in Wa Zongo Community as well as policies to control the sale and use of alcohol among youth of Zongo Community in the Wa Municipality of Ghana.

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4

Pellow, Deborah. "Male praise-singers in Accra: in the company of women." Africa 67, no. 4 (October 1997): 582–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161109.

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AbstractIn 1957 M. G. Smith published a seminal paper on the role of the male praise-singer, the maroki, among Northern Nigeria's Muslim Hausa. My paper explores the role of the maroki in the diaspora community of Sabon Zongo in Accra. While Accra's zongo communities are considerably diluted in their Islamic orthodoxy, they are nonetheless distinctly Islamic in tone, witness the mosques, Qurʼānic schools, flowing robes and diaphanous prayer veils, and a general cultural orientation that is strongly influenced by the Hausa and distinct from Christian southern Ghana. Among the Hausa, and those zongo institutions particularly affected by Hausa custom, there is also a vestigial separation between the worlds of men and women. This article considers the maroki as an ungendered actor. It suggests that, through his attendance at Hausa and zongo women's occasions, he has become their client, regards them as his patrons and conjoins their world with that of men.

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ROAMBA, Brahima. "Another Proof of Existence of Global Weak Solutions to 1D Pollutant Transport Model." Journal of Mathematics Research 13, no. 2 (March 11, 2021): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmr.v13n2p31.

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This paper is devoted to the study of pollutant transport model by water in dimension one. The model studied extend the results obtained in ( Roamba, Zabsonré & Zongo, 2017) . However, our model does not take into account cold pressure term and the quadratic friction term as in (Roamba, Zabsonré & Zongo, 2017) which are considered regularizing terms to show the existence of global weak solutions of your model. Without these regularizing terms, we show the existence of global weak solutions in time with a periodic domain.

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6

Soruco, A., C. Vincent, B. Francou, P. Ribstein, T. Berger, J. E. Sicart, P. Wagnon, Y. Arnaud, V. Favier, and Y. Lejeune. "Mass balance of Glaciar Zongo, Bolivia, between 1956 and 2006, using glaciological, hydrological and geodetic methods." Annals of Glaciology 50, no. 50 (2009): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756409787769799.

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AbstractThe longest continuous glaciological mass-balance time-series in the intertropical zone of South America goes back to 1991 on Glaciar Zongo, Bolivia. Photogrammetric and hydrological data have been used to (1) check the specific net balance over long periods and (2) extend the mass-balance time series over the last 50 years. These data reveal a bias in the glaciological mass balance which can be explained by the field-measurement sampling network. Our study shows a large temporal variability of the surface mass balances in the ablation area and reveals strong relationships between independent surface mass-balance data coming from selected ablation areas with numerous data. It demonstrates the very large contribution (80%) of low-elevation ranges (one-third of the surface) to the specific mass balance and, consequently, the importance of the reduction of the area of the tongue. With these new results, Glaciar Zongo offers the longest and most accurate mass-balance series in any Andean country. The dataset shows that Glaciar Zongo experienced a relatively steady state over the period 1956–75, with even a slight mass gain over 1963–75, and a rapid and continuous decrease since then.

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7

Windridge, Oliver. "Zongo v. Burkina Faso, Judgment & Judgment on Reparations (Afr. Ct. H.P.R.)." International Legal Materials 56, no. 6 (December 2017): 1091–143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ilm.2017.43.

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Does human rights law require countries to investigate serious crimes and bring those responsible to justice? And if so, how far must a country go to satisfy this requirement? This case concerns the murder of Norbert Zongo, an investigative journalist and director of the weekly Burkinabe magazine L'Indpéndenant, his younger brother Ernest Zongo, and two work companions. All four were killed in Burkina Faso on December 13, 1998, in suspicious circumstances. The case was brought by the families of Zongo and his colleagues (Individual Applicants) and the NGO Burkinabé Human and Peoples' Rights Movement (NGO Applicant, together the Applicants). The Applicants alleged that the murders of Zongo and his colleagues were not a random act of violence, but were instead related to their investigations into various political scandals, including those operating at the very highest levels of Burkinabe government. The Applicants claimed that Burkina Faso officials had not only failed to properly investigate the case, but also deliberately stymied the investigation, leading to a failure to bring those responsible for the deaths to justice. The judgment, rendered on March 28, 2014, is only the second judgment to be rendered on the merits by the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights (the Court). The Court ruled unanimously that Burkina Faso had violated Article 1 and Article 7 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights. By a majority of 5 to 4, the Court also found that Burkina Faso had violated Article 9(2) of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights and Article 66(2)(c) of the Revised Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Treaty. Following the judgment on the merits, the Court rendered its reparations judgment, also included here. This is only the second reparations judgment rendered by the Court, and the first to award reparations to the victims.

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8

ROAMBA, Brahima, Jean de Dieu ZABSONRE, and Yacouba ZONGO. "On the Existence of Global Weak Solutions to 1D Pollutant Transport Model." Journal of Mathematics Research 9, no. 4 (July 23, 2017): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmr.v9n4p124.

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We consider a one-dimensionnal bilayer model coupling shallow water and Reynolds lubrication equations with a molecular interactions between molecules. These molecular interactions give rise to intermolecular forces, namely the long-range van der Waals forces and short-range Born intermolecular forces. In this paper, an expression will be used to take into account all these intermolecular forces. Our model is a similar model studied in (Roamba, Zabsonré & Zongo, 2017). The model considered is represented by the two superposed immiscible fluids. A similar model was studied in (Zabsonré Lucas & Fernandez-Nieto, 2009) but the authors do not take into account the intermolecular forces. Without hypothesis about the unknowns as in (Roamba, Zabsonré & Zongo, 2017), we show the existence of global weak solution in time in a periodic domain.

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9

Pecquet, Luc. "Entretien avec Michel K. Zongo. Cheminement d’un cinéaste." Journal des Africanistes, no. 86-2 (November 1, 2016): 158–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/africanistes.5118.

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10

Sarfoh, Joseph A. "The West African Zongo and the American Ghetto." Journal of Black Studies 17, no. 1 (September 1986): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002193478601700105.

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11

Wagnon, Patrick, Pierre Ribstein, Thomas Schuler, and Bernard Francou. "Flow separation on Zongo Glacier, Cordillera Real, Bolivia." Hydrological Processes 12, no. 12 (October 15, 1998): 1911–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1085(19981015)12:12<1911::aid-hyp673>3.0.co;2-h.

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12

Reichle, Steffen, and Jörn Köhler. "A new species of Eleutherodactylus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Andean slopes of Bolivia." Amphibia-Reptilia 18, no. 4 (1997): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853897x00387.

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AbstractA new species of frog of the genus Eleutherodactylus is described from Valle del Zongo, Departamento La Paz, Bolivia. This species of the E. discoidalis group is most similar to E. cruralis, but differs in dorsal tuberculation, color, and head proportions.

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13

Hilgers, Mathieu, and Jacinthe Mazzocchetti. "L'après-Zongo : entre ouverture politique et fermeture des possibles." Politique africaine 101, no. 1 (2006): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/polaf.101.0005.

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14

Timper, P., and J. P. Wilson. "Root-Knot Nematode Resistance in Pearl Millet From West and East Africa." Plant Disease 90, no. 3 (March 2006): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-0339.

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Resistance to Meloidogyne incognita is important to provide stability to pearl millet production and to reduce nematode populations that can damage crops grown in rotation with pearl millet. The objectives of this study were to determine whether resistance to M. incognita exists in pearl millet from West and East Africa, and to determine if heterogeneity for resistance exists within selected cultivars. Resistance was assessed as nematode egg production per gram of root in greenhouse trials. Seventeen pearl millet cultivars of diverse origin were evaluated as bulk (S0) populations. All African cultivars expressed some level of resistance. P3Kollo was among the least resistant of the African cultivars, Zongo and Gwagwa were intermediate, and SoSat-C88 was among the most resistant. Thirty selfed (S1) progeny selections from SoSat-C88, Gwagwa, Zongo, and P3Kollo were evaluated for heterogeneity of resistance within cultivar. Reactions were verified in 13 S2 progeny of each of the four cultivars. In S1 evaluations, each of these cultivars was heterogeneous for resistance. Progeny reaction varied from highly resistant to highly susceptible. Patterns of apparent segregation of resistance varied among the four cultivars. Discreet resistant and susceptible phenotypes were identified in Zongo progeny, and it was estimated that two dominant genes for resistance segregated in this cultivar. Averaged across progenies, egg production on the four cultivars was less (P ≤ 0.001) than on the susceptible hybrid HGM-100, but was not different from resistant hybrid TifGrain 102. Reproduction of M. incognita on the S2 progeny tended to confirm the results from inoculations of S1 progeny. Heritability of nematode reproduction (standardized as the ratio of the value to HGM-100) determined by parent-offspring regression was 0.54. Realized heritability determined by divergent selection was 0.87.

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15

Alhassan Adum-Atta, Rashida. "The Politics of Purity, Disgust, and Contamination: Communal Identity of Trotter (Pig) Sellers in Madina Zongo (Accra)." Religions 11, no. 8 (August 14, 2020): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11080421.

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The interplay of food, people, and market in the multi-religious and multi-ethnic neighborhood of Madina Zongo, Accra, results to some extent in food exchange. In a plural setting like Madina Zongo, an important aspect of their co-existence is the sharing of food; in so doing people claim their identities and mark boundaries; consequently, food in this sense becomes a potential for conflict. My primary aim in this paper is to focus on pig feet (trotter) sellers by drawing attention to their conflicting experiences and encounters in selling trotter. Pig feet (trotter) is a commodity that comes through a global network and is considered haram and unclean by Muslims. Actions by religious practitioners, thereby, play a pivotal role in provoking these experiences and, for this reason, it is prone to triggering tensions. In this paper, I explore the embodied encounters between these traders in the market (inhabited by people of different religious traditions) and, to some extent, the buyers and how this triggers religious sensibilities and at the same time evokes strong responses among those frequenting the space (e.g., market women and customers) and those (trotter sellers) who live in predominantly Muslim neighborhoods. In my analysis on tensions and pollution, I take into consideration groundworks by authors such as Mary Douglas’ Purity and Danger, Sara Ahmed’s and Deborah Durham’s notion of disgust and the anthropology of imagination, and inspired works on materiality such as the Latourian Actor-Network Theory (ANT) which draws attention to the agency of the non-human. This paper studies how religiously contested and so-called “contaminated” foodstuffs such as pig feet (trotter) result in boundary-making practices among members of the market and Zongo community. I argue that ideas of purity are influenced largely by cultural and religious convictions which seems not to be compromised by religious practitioners. The paper also investigates strategies people/sellers develop to negotiate these social relations.

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16

Wagnon, Patrick, and Pierre Ribstein. "Bilan d'énergie ponctuel et saisonnalité hydrologique du glacier Zongo (Bolivie)." La Houille Blanche, no. 7 (October 1997): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/1997069.

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17

Ibáñez-CaleroIbáñez-Calero, Sandra L., and Kelly E. Loayza Afonso. "COLORANTES NATURALES DEL VALLE DE ZONGO (BOLIVIA) Y SUS APLICACIONES TEXTILES." INVESTIGACION & DESARROLLO 20, no. 1 (July 31, 2020): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.23881/idupbo.020.1-1i.

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18

Wagnon, Patrick, Pierre Ribstein, Bernard Francou, and Bernard Pouyaud. "Annual cycle of energy balance of Zongo Glacier, Cordillera Real, Bolivia." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 104, no. D4 (February 1, 1999): 3907–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1998jd200011.

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19

Pellow, Deborah. "The Power of Space in the Evolution of an Accra Zongo." Ethnohistory 38, no. 4 (1991): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/482480.

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20

ZONGO, Yacouba, Brahima ROAMBA, and Boulaye YIRA. "On the Construction of Approximate Solutions for the 1D Pollutant Transport Model." Journal of Mathematics Research 12, no. 3 (April 10, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmr.v12n3p1.

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The purpose of this paper is to build sequences of suitably smooth approximate solutions to the 1D pollutant transport model that preserve the mathematical structure discovered in (Roamba, Zabsonré, Zongo, 2017). The stability arguments in this paper then apply to such sequences of approximate solutions, which leads to the global existence of weak solutions for this model. We show that when the Reynold number goes to infinity, we have always an existence of global weak solutions result for the corresponding model.

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21

Loada, Augustin. "Réflexions sur la société civile en Afrique : Le Burkina de l'après-Zongo." Politique africaine 76, no. 4 (1999): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/polaf.076.0136.

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22

Grégoire, Emmanuel, Michel Agier, and Emmanuel Gregoire. "Commerce et sociabilité: les négociants soudanais du quartier Zongo de Lomé (Togo)." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 19, no. 3 (1985): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/484520.

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23

Condom, Thomas, Marie Dumont, Lise Mourre, Jean Emmanuel Sicart, Antoine Rabatel, Alessandra Viani, and Alvaro Soruco. "Technical note: A low-cost albedometer for snow and ice measurements – theoretical results and application on a tropical mountain in Bolivia." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 7, no. 2 (June 18, 2018): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-7-169-2018.

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Abstract. This study presents a new instrument called a low-cost albedometer (LCA) composed of two illuminance sensors that are used to measure in situ incident and reflected illuminance values on a daily timescale. The ratio between reflected vs. incident illuminances is called the albedo index and can be compared with actual albedo values. Due to the shape of the sensor, the direct radiation for zenith angles ranging from 55 to 90∘ is not measured. The spectral response of the LCA varies with the solar irradiance wavelengths within the range 0.26 to 1.195 µm, and the LCA detects 85 % of the total spectral solar irradiance for clear sky conditions. We first consider the theoretical results obtained for 10 different ice and snow surfaces with clear sky and cloudy sky incident solar irradiance that show that the LCA spectral response may be responsible for an overestimation of the theoretical albedo values by roughly 9 % at most. Then, the LCA values are compared with two “traditional” albedometers, which are CM3 pyranometers (Kipp & Zonen), in the shortwave domain from 0.305 to 2.800 µm over a 1-year measurement period (2013) for two sites in a tropical mountainous catchment in Bolivia. One site is located on the Zongo Glacier (i.e., snow and ice surfaces) and the second one is found on the crest of the lateral moraine (bare soil and snow surfaces), which present a horizontal surface and a sky view factor of 0.98. The results, at daily time steps (256 days), given by the LCA are in good agreement with the classic albedo measurements taken with pyranometers with R2=0.83 (RMSD = 0.10) and R2=0.92 (RMSD = 0.08) for the Zongo Glacier and the right-hand side lateral moraine, respectively. This demonstrates that our system performs well and thus provides relevant opportunities to document spatiotemporal changes in the surface albedo from direct observations at the scale of an entire catchment at a low cost. Finally, during the period from September 2015 to June 2016, direct observations were collected with 15 LCAs on the Zongo Glacier and successfully compared with LANDSAT images showing the surface conditions of the glacier (i.e., snow or ice). This comparison illustrates the efficiency of this system to monitor the daily time step changes in the snow and ice coverage distributed on the glacier. Despite the limits imposed by the angle view restrictions, the LCA can be used between 45∘ N and 45∘ S during the ablation season (spring and summer) when the melt rate related to the albedo is the most important.

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Sicart, Jean Emmanuel, Pierre Ribstein, Bernard Francou, Bernard Pouyaud, and Thomas Condom. "Glacier mass balance of tropical Zongo glacier, Bolivia, comparing hydrological and glaciological methods." Global and Planetary Change 59, no. 1-4 (October 2007): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.11.024.

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Chambi Mayta, Roger Adan. "Por los senderos de la justicia indígena boliviana." Maloca: Revista de Estudos Indígenas 2 (November 23, 2020): e019005. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/maloca.v2i.13397.

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O exercício do pluralismo jurídico boliviano nas mãos dos povos indígenas demonstrou as contradições do que está estipulado na lei com a prática. A experiência da Amawt’a Marcela Quisbert, principal líder no primeiro processo de Conflito de Competência entre a Jurisdição Camponesa Indígena Original e a Jurisdição Ordinária levantada no Vale do Zongo, é um testemunho dos limites que as autoridades indígenas cruzam na época de exercer seus direitos coletivos no quadro normativo plural. A partir disso, nesta entrevista, pretendemos divulgar este cenário de conflito e as diferentes estratégias de resistência que emergiram das autoridades indígenas, uma vez que foram dirigidas pelas formalidades da Jurisdição Ordinária.

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DE LA RIVA, IGNACIO, CLAUDIA CORTEZ, and PATRICIA A. BURROWES. "A new species of Microkayla (Anura: Craugastoridae: Holoadeninae) from Department La Paz, Bolivia." Zootaxa 4363, no. 3 (December 12, 2017): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4363.3.2.

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We describe a new species of direct-developing frog of the genus Microkayla from the Cordillera Real of the Bolivian Andes, in the Department of La Paz. The new species, Microkayla huayna sp. nov., is closely related to M. teqta and can be distinguished from other species of the genus by its brown dorsal skin and the presence of a large dark brown vocal sac in males. This is the second species of Microkayla known from the Zongo Valley, and the ninth in the Cordillera Real, contributing to a total of 22 described species in Bolivia. Given its small distribution range, we recommend to considering it as Vulnerable according to IUCN criteria.

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Ibáñez-Calero, Sandra L., and Kelly E. Loayza Afonso. "A SCREENING FOR ANTIOXIDANT SPECIES WITH PHOTO-PROTECTOR ACTIVITIES AT THE ZONGO VALLEY (BOLIVIA)." INVESTIGACION & DESARROLLO 19, no. 1 (July 15, 2019): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.23881/idupbo.019.1-2i.

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28

FUCHS, Pablo, Yoshihiro ASAOKA, and So KAZAMA. "ESTIMATION OF GLACIER MELT IN THE TROPICAL ZONGO WITH AN ENHANCED TEMPERATURE-INDEX MODEL." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 69, no. 4 (2013): I_187—I_192. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejhe.69.i_187.

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Frère, Marie-Soleil. "« Cadavres en sursis » : l'affaire Zongo et la difficile libération des médias au Burkina Faso." Africultures 71, no. 2 (2007): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/afcul.071.0034.

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30

Abdullah, Alhassan, Ebenezer Cudjoe, Lucy P. Jordan, and Clifton R. Emery. "Child polyvictimization in Zongo communities in Ghana: Young people’s reflections on systemic resilience enablers." Child Abuse & Neglect 119 (September 2021): 105075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105075.

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31

Cechinel, Michelle Maria Stakonski. "“A gente faz um zongo aqui”: migrações contemporâneas ganesas e apropriações urbanas (2014-2020)." Esboços: histórias em contextos globais 28, no. 48 (August 12, 2021): 471–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7976.2021.e72513.

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O presente artigo analisa os recentes fluxos migratórios de ganeses que se deslocaram de zongos, assentamentos étnico-religiosos na região de Gana, para a cidade de Criciúma, na região Sul do Brasil, entre 2014 e 2020. Intenta-se compreender, com base na ideia de uma “cultura da itinerância”, as dinâmicas migratórias forjadas no contexto histórico de deslocamento desses sujeitos e a forma como os migrantes ganeses reconstituem suas identidades étnicas em trânsito. A hipótese defendida é a de que o modo como esses migrantes se inserem na cidade – formando, de um lado, espaços tensionados próprios para ganeses provenientes de zongos, logo fiéis ao islã e falantes da língua hauçá, e, de outro, para ganeses não zongorianos, especialmente da etnia axânti – representa uma extensão das tensões de organização social e histórica do local de origem: Gana. Assim, o artigo procura apontar como, em deslocamento, ganeses zongorianos de diversas etnias e ganeses axântis reforçam e ressignificam suas identidades, reproduzindo em trânsito dinâmicas sociais de separação espacial e cultural na sociedade de acolhimento – no caso estudado, Criciúma.

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32

Ronchail, Josyane, and Robert Gallaire. "ENSO and rainfall along the Zongo valley (Bolivia) from the Altiplano to the Amazon basin." International Journal of Climatology 26, no. 9 (2006): 1223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.1296.

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Atuguba, Raymond A., Francis Xavier Dery Tuokuu, and Vitus Gbang. "Statelessness in West Africa: An Assessment of Stateless Populations and Legal, Policy, and Administrative Frameworks in Ghana." Journal on Migration and Human Security 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 14–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331502419900771.

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Executive Summary Drawing on qualitative interviews that are complemented by the analysis of government policy documents, this study examines statelessness in Ghana. It addresses a range of policy, legal, institutional, administrative, and other politico-socioeconomic matters attendant to the concept. The study defines statelessness in its strict legal sense. It recognizes populations at risk of statelessness that may be restricted from benefiting from the protection and privileges of their host state. Persons identified by the study as stateless or at risk of statelessness include persons from traditionally nomadic migratory communities, former refugees, persons residing in border communities, members of Zongo communities, trafficked persons, and those affected by gaps in previous constitutions. The study also identifies the consequences of statelessness, including lack of access to healthcare, education, justice, and work. The study offers several recommendations to prevent and reduce statelessness in Ghana.

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34

Wagnon, P., P. Ribstein, B. Francou, and J. E. Sicart. "Anomalous heat and mass budget of Glaciar Zongo, Bolivia, during the 1997/98 El Niño year." Journal of Glaciology 47, no. 156 (2001): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756501781832593.

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AbstractDuring El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) warm events, outer tropics glaciers usually experience a deficit of precipitation, an increase of air temperature and a strongly negative mass balance. At Glaciar Zongo, Bolivia, this was particularly striking during the vigorous 1997/98 El Niño event, one of the strongest of the century, and which resulted in an annual depth of runoff two-thirds higher than normal. We compare the energy balance on the glacier between two contrasting cycles, 1996/97 (La Niña year) and 1997/98 (El Niño year). Due to a 1.3°C increase of annual mean air temperature, the sensible-heat flux slightly increases from 6.1 to 9.8 W m−2 During the El Niño year, sublimation is reduced, leaving more energy for melting (LE = −18.1 W m−2 in 1996/97 and LE = −11.6 W m−2 in 1997/98). The main factor responsible for the dramatic increase in melting is the net all-wave radiation, which is three times higher in 1997/98 than in 1996/97 (48.7 and 15.8 W m−2, respectively). This sharp increase of net all-wave radiation is related to the decrease of albedo due to the precipitation deficit.

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35

Francou, Bernard, Pierre Ribstein, Ronald Saravia, and Eric Tiriau. "Monthly balance and water discharge of an inter-tropical glacier: Zongo Glacier, Cordillera Real, Bolivia, 16° S." Journal of Glaciology 41, no. 137 (1995): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000017767.

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AbstractMeasurements of mass balance were performed every month on Zongo Glacier. Bolivia. Simultaneously, water-discharge, temperature and precipitation data were obtained. The first year of the survey, 1991–92. was marked by an ENSO (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) event with high temperature and low precipitation, whilst the following year, 1992–93, was normal. Results point to the early and late wet season (October-December and March–May: as playing a critical role in the determination of the annual mass balance. The wet season is the warmest period of the year and consequently the duration of the wet season is a highly relevant variable in determining mass balance. Both glaciological and hydrological methods for the determination of the mass balance provide similar results. Our study confirms dial ENSO events have a major influence on the rapid glacier retreat currently affecting this part of the Andes.

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36

Francou, Bernard, Pierre Ribstein, Ronald Saravia, and Eric Tiriau. "Monthly balance and water discharge of an inter-tropical glacier: Zongo Glacier, Cordillera Real, Bolivia, 16° S." Journal of Glaciology 41, no. 137 (1995): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0022143000017767.

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AbstractMeasurements of mass balance were performed every month on Zongo Glacier. Bolivia. Simultaneously, water-discharge, temperature and precipitation data were obtained. The first year of the survey, 1991–92. was marked by an ENSO (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) event with high temperature and low precipitation, whilst the following year, 1992–93, was normal. Results point to the early and late wet season (October-December and March–May: as playing a critical role in the determination of the annual mass balance. The wet season is the warmest period of the year and consequently the duration of the wet season is a highly relevant variable in determining mass balance. Both glaciological and hydrological methods for the determination of the mass balance provide similar results. Our study confirms dial ENSO events have a major influence on the rapid glacier retreat currently affecting this part of the Andes.

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37

Ibáñez-Calero, Sandra L., Kelly E. Loayza Afonso, Ebbe L. Yapu Tapia, Jessica Lizarazu, Rodrigo Zeballos Espinoza, and Teddy Solares Gironda. "A SCREENING FOR NATURAL COLORANTS IN THE ZONGO VALLEY WITH PROBABLE ANTIOXIDANT AND/OR PHOTO-PROTECTOR ACTIVITIES." INVESTIGACION & DESARROLLO 16, no. 1 (July 31, 2016): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.23881/idupbo.016.1-1i.

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38

Farrar, E., A. H. Clark, D. J. Kontak, and D. A. Archibald. "Zongo-San Gabán zone: Eocene foreland boundary of the Central Andean orogen, northwest Bolivia and southeast Peru." Geology 16, no. 1 (1988): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0055:zsgnze>2.3.co;2.

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39

Cassiman, Ann. "Spiders on the World Wide Web: cyber trickery and gender fraud among youth in an Accra zongo." Social Anthropology 27, no. 3 (August 2019): 486–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-8676.12678.

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40

Gascoin, S., A. Ducharne, P. Ribstein, E. Perroy, and P. Wagnon. "Sensitivity of bare soil albedo to surface soil moisture on the moraine of the Zongo glacier (Bolivia)." Geophysical Research Letters 36, no. 2 (January 2009): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008gl036377.

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41

Caballero, Yvan, Pierre Chevallier, Robert Gallaire, and Ramiro Pillco. "Flow modelling in a high mountain valley equipped with hydropower plants: Rio Zongo Valley, Cordillera Real, Bolivia." Hydrological Processes 18, no. 5 (April 15, 2004): 939–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1339.

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42

Skinner, Elliott P. "Sankara and the Burkinabé Revolution: Charisma and Power, Local and External Dimensions." Journal of Modern African Studies 26, no. 3 (September 1988): 437–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x0001171x.

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Captain Thomas Sankara, Comrade President of Burkina Faso, was assassinated on 15 October 1987, allegedly in accordance with the wishes of Captain Blaise Compaoré, Major Jean-Baptiste Lingani, and Captain Henri Zongo. These three officers, said to have feared for their lives, had ordered the arrest of Sankara in order to avoid plunging their country into a blood-bath. The radio broadcast announcing the execution referred to Sankara as a ‘renegade’, a ‘traitor to the revolution’, ‘an autocratic mystic’, and a ‘paranoid misogynist’. It added that the ex-President's ‘high treason’ was illustrated by his trampling upon all organisational principles, his betrayal of the noble objectives of the democratic and popular revolution, his personalisation of power, and by his ambitious use of mysticism to solve the concrete problems of the masses. ‘This’, the broadcast concluded, ‘was inexorably leading us towards total chaos.’1 When he finally broke his silence, Compaoré, the alleged leader of the coup d'état, accused Sankara of ‘wanting to lead the world revolution’.

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43

Afful, Kobina, Sampson Oduro-Kwarteng, and Esi Awuah. "Assessing public perception of odours in a community: case of Ayigya Zongo, an urban poor community in Ghana." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 5, no. 2 (February 11, 2015): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2015.104.

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Malodour has been identified as a barrier to utilization of sanitation facilities. It is generally recognized that for effective odour control measures to be implemented, the problem must first be quantified. With today's increasing levels of development, odour nuisance has become a major environmental issue. Citizen complaints about and reaction to odours caused by landfills (including refuse dump sites), waste water treatment plants (most of which are non-functional), public (communal) toilets, industrial processes, and other sources have made it difficult to secure sites for such facilities. Current trends show a community impact approach based on citizen involvement. This paper discusses a rapid baseline survey carried out as part of a community odour annoyance study conducted in Ayigya Zongo, an urban poor community in the Kumasi Metropolis in Ghana. The study quantified the public perception (impact) of all odours in the community through a face-to-face interview survey utilizing a structured questionnaire protocol. Responses from the survey were analysed with SPSS software program (version 20.0). Methods, results, and conclusions of the study are each discussed.

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SICART, JEAN EMMANUEL, PIERRE RIBSTEIN, BERNARD FRANCOU, and ROBERT GALLAIRE. "Etude des précipitations et de la fonte sur un glacier tropical: le glacier du Zongo, Bolivie, 16°S." Hydrological Sciences Journal 48, no. 5 (October 2003): 799–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1623/hysj.48.5.799.51453.

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45

Sicart, Jean Emmanuel, Maxime Litt, Warren Helgason, Vanessa Ben Tahar, and Thomas Chaperon. "A study of the atmospheric surface layer and roughness lengths on the high-altitude tropical Zongo glacier, Bolivia." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 119, no. 7 (April 9, 2014): 3793–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013jd020615.

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46

Hagberg, Sten. "‘Enough is Enough’: an ethnography of the struggle against impunity in Burkina Faso." Journal of Modern African Studies 40, no. 2 (June 2002): 217–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x02003890.

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This article analyses the ways in which socio-political opposition is expressed by looking into the morally loaded discourse of political legitimacy in Burkina Faso that emerged after the assassination of the journalist Norbert Zongo in December 1998. Through the analysis of different political statements, newspapers and various comments from the ‘street’, it locates the struggle against impunity in a social and political undercurrent in Burkinabe society. In this context, notions of the public space are central, because the public space defines both the boundaries of public debate and the behaviour of key political actors. Two recurrent themes in Burkinabe political discourse, namely ideas of truth and courage, and the legitimacy of White people, illustrate the various ways in which socio-political opposition seeks to define the public space within which politics is to be practised and the behaviour to be observed by those acting there. But the struggle against impunity also takes place on a symbolic level at which key symbols are appropriated, interpreted and incorporated into political discourse.

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Cassiman, Ann. "Browsers and phone girls: the intricate socialities of friendship, trust and cyberlove in Nima (Accra)." Africa 88, S1 (March 2018): S72—S89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972017001152.

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AbstractThe young men of Nima, a popular neighbourhood in Accra, organize themselves in small age groups that meet almost daily in a specific spot, to chat, play and ‘wait’, while dreaming together of a better future in a distant elsewhere. The friendships that find root in these so-called bases, which often have names such as ‘Chicago’ or ‘Brooklyn’, lead to hope and specific modes of action through which these young people engage with the city, the wider world and their own aspirations. Taking these bases as an ethnographic vantage point, this article looks into relations of proximity, friendship and trust and the agency of the young men. The article's focus then turns to the virtual world of the same young men – and their girlfriends – in order to analyse the new modes of friendship that are shaped by their internet browsing. It shows how the modalities and intricacies of online, often deceitful, friendship and love rely on vital localized friendship bonds, defined by trust, of browsers in the zongo. Browsing opens up new possibilities but also challenges, and erodes existing moral socialities between friends.

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Owusu, George. "Social effects of poor sanitation and waste management on poor urban communities: a neighborhood‐specific study of Sabon Zongo, Accra." Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability 3, no. 2 (July 2010): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549175.2010.502001.

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Litt, Maxime, Jean-Emmanuel Sicart, Warren D. Helgason, and Patrick Wagnon. "Turbulence Characteristics in the Atmospheric Surface Layer for Different Wind Regimes over the Tropical Zongo Glacier (Bolivia, $$16^\circ $$ 16 ∘ S)." Boundary-Layer Meteorology 154, no. 3 (November 6, 2014): 471–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10546-014-9975-6.

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VIMEUX, F., R. GALLAIRE, S. BONY, G. HOFFMANN, and J. CHIANG. "What are the climate controls on δD in precipitation in the Zongo Valley (Bolivia)? Implications for the Illimani ice core interpretation." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 240, no. 2 (December 1, 2005): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2005.09.031.

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