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Krbeček, Daniel. "Digitální knihovna." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217318.
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The thesis contains basic information about image documents digitalization. A brief list of common used standards in Czech republic is shown. The standards can be used in description of digitalized documents by institutions such as libraries, scientific departments and universities. The thesis specifically solves the dilemma of the preservation and the accessing of B.P.Molls large map collection stored in Moravian Library in Brno city. It analyses step by step the characteristics of the saved documents, style of their interlacing and data representation. In terms of deposition and manipulation it comes with description list of open-source digital libraries and it chooses the Fedora repository. It solves methods of object-model implementation while using this digital library. The functional parts are web presentation of the mentioned map collection and an effectiveness test showing large-scale maps using the flash Zoomify browser. Web presentation uses the repository services as often as possible, and thus allows searching and searching through the bibliographic records of the presented documents. The end of the thesis sums up the obtained results and presents the incoming development course of presentation and popularization of the map collection.
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Bernier, Roger. "Design of a zooming viewer for statecharts." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ59317.pdf.
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Bapodra, Mayur. "Zooming out of membrane graph transformation systems." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/27791.
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Living cells offer a rich variety of complex interactions and interesting structures to those wishing to model processes in systems biology. Of particular interest is the hierarchical nature of cell configurations, the compartmentalized reactions that can occur within individual cells, and the interaction between different levels of this hierarchy. Graph transformation systems are an intuitive and readable modelling paradigm that lends itself to representing such systems since graphs can be utilised to represent this rich structural information, while graph rewriting rules can concisely describe cell reactions. We formulate a generic graph transformation model that captures many functional properties of membrane (or P) systems that take inspiration from such cell biological processes. The main focus is then on abstraction of systems defined as instances of this metamodel, which we refer to as membrane graph transformation systems. Often, such systems are analysed by stochastic simulation, as this allows us to examine their overall, emergent behaviour, incorporating the effect that randomness may have on the results. Stochastic simulation can be resource intensive, limiting the applicability of many modelling languages to real biological systems. To improve performance and the scalability of modelling, we formalize a methodology that hides detail in the lowest level of the hierarchy, but retains any important information as attributes. We then train the parameter of the abstract model using Bayesian networks so that the local, per-rule behaviour of the original, concrete model is preserved. Consequently, trends in global properties are preserved, such as the way in which they change with respect to the stochastic parameters of certain rules. The methodology is demonstrated and evaluated against two case studies: a hypothetical immunological response and a peer-to-peer voice over IP network.
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Chui, Michael, and Andrew Dillon. "Who's Zooming Whom? Attunement to animation in the interface." Wiley, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106154.
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A number of references in the Human-Computer Interaction literature make the common-sense suggestion that the animated zooming effect accompanying the opening or closing of a folder in the Apple Macintosh graphical user interface aids in a user's perception of which window corresponds to which folder. We examine this claim empirically using two controlled experiments. Although we did not find a statistically significant overall difference resulting from the presence or absence of the zooming effect, a post hoc analysis revealed a highly significant interaction between the experience of users with the Macintosh user interface and the zooming effect. This individual difference suggests that users become attuned to the informational content of the zooming effect with experience.
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Blackburne, Jeffrey A. "Zooming in on quasar accretion disks using chromatic microlensing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/63000.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2009.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 217-226).
Observing the temperature profiles of accretion disks around black holes is a fundamental test of an important astrophysical process. However, angular resolution limitations have prevented such a measurement for distant quasars. We present a new method for determining the size of quasar accretion disks at a range of wavelengths, thus constraining their temperature profiles. The technique uses single-epoch, multi-wavelength optical and nearinfrared imaging of gravitationally lensed quasars in conjunction with X-ray imaging, and takes advantage of the presence of microlensing perturbations to the magnifications of the lensed images. The dependence of these perturbations on the angular size of the source, combined with the temperature structure of quasar accretion disks, causes the flux ratio anomalies due to microlensing to appear chromatic. This allows us to probe regions of the quasar that are too small to be measured by any other technique. We apply this method to observations of 12 lensed quasars, and measure the size of the accretion disk of each in 8 broadband filters between 0.36 and 2.2 microns (in the observed frame). We find that the overall sizes are larger by factors of 3 to 30 than predicted by the standard thin accretion disk model, and that the logarithmic slope of the wavelength-dependent size is ~ 0.2 on average, much shallower than the predicted slope of 4/3. This implies that the temperature is a steeper function of radius than the thin disk model predicts. With this new approach to determining quasar accretion disk sizes, we are thus able to rule out the standard thin disk model as the source of the (rest-frame) ultraviolet and optical continuum in these bright quasars.
by Jeffrey A. Blackburne.
Ph.D.
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Tumasjan, Andranik [Verfasser], Isabell Melanie [Akademischer Betreuer] Welpe, and Arnold [Akademischer Betreuer] Picot. "Zooming in, zooming out: The role of cognitive foci in organizational and entrepreneurial cognition / Andranik Tumasjan. Gutachter: Arnold Picot. Betreuer: Isabell Melanie Welpe." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1030099979/34.
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Savage, Josh. "The calibration and evaluation of speed-dependent automatic zooming interfaces." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Computer Science and Software Engineering, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9616.
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Speed-Dependent Automatic Zooming (SDAZ) is an exciting new navigation technique that couples the user's rate of motion through an information space with the zoom level. The faster a user scrolls in the document, the 'higher' they fly above the work surface. At present, there are few guidelines for the calibration of SDAZ. Previous work by Igarashi & Hinckley (2000) and Cockburn & Savage (2003) fails to give values for predefined constants governing their automatic zooming behaviour. The absence of formal guidelines means that SDAZ implementers are forced to adjust the properties of the automatic zooming by trial and error.
This thesis aids calibration by identifying the low-level components of SDAZ. Base calibration settings for these components are then established using a formal evaluation recording participants' comfortable scrolling rates at different magnification levels.
To ease our experiments with SDAZ calibration, we implemented a new system that provides a comprehensive graphical user interface for customising SDAZ behaviour. The system was designed to simplify future extensions---for example new components such as interaction techniques and methods to render information can easily be added with little modification to existing code. This system was used to configure three SDAZ interfaces: a text document browser, a flat map browser and a multi-scale globe browser.
The three calibrated SDAZ interfaces were evaluated against three equivalent interfaces with rate-based scrolling and manual zooming. The evaluation showed that SDAZ is 10% faster for acquiring targets in a map than rate-based scrolling with manual zooming, and SDAZ is 4% faster for acquiring targets in a text document. Participants also preferred using automatic zooming over manual zooming. No difference was found for the globe browser for acquisition time or preference. However, in all interfaces participants commented that automatic zooming was less physically and mentally draining than manual zooming.
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Ustek, Dilan. "Designing zooming interactions for small displays with a proximity sensor." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62656.
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Small, high resolution touchscreens open new possibilities for wearable and embedded applications, but are a mismatch for interactions requiring appreciable movement on the screen surface. For example, multi-touch or large-scroll zooming actions suffer from occlusion and difficulties in accessing or resolving large zoom ranges or selecting small targets.
Meanwhile, emerging technologies have the potential to combine many capabilities, e.g., touch- and proximity-sensitivity, flexibility and transparency. A current challenge is to develop interaction techniques that can exploit the capabilities of these new materials to solve interaction challenges presented by trends such as miniaturization and wearability such as tiny screens that only one finger of one hand can fit on.
To this end, Zed-zooming exploits the capabilities of emerging near-proximity sensors to address these problems, by mapping finger height above a control surface to image size. The EZ-Zoom technique adds the pseudohaptic illusion of an elastic finger-screen connection, by exploiting non-linear scaling functions to provide a usage metaphor.
In a two-part user study, we compared EZ-Zoom to touchscreen standard pinch-to-zoom on smartphone and smartwatch screens, and found (a) a significant improvement in task time and preference for the smallest screen (equivalent task time for the smartphone); and (b) that the illusion improved users' reported sense of control, provided cues about the interaction's spatial extent and dynamics, and made the interaction more natural. From our experience with the study, we conclude requirements for the development of proximity sensors in order to afford such interactions.
Our work goes on to reflect on how zed-zooming can be incorporated into seamless interaction tasks. We aim to identify some characteristics of a zooming interaction that would need to be considered when designing a complete one, and explore how these characteristics play into a complete and usable zooming interaction.Science, Faculty of
Computer Science, Department of
Graduate
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Chen, Bing. "Dynamic Multispectral Imaging System with Spectral Zooming Capability and Its Applications." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/452.
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The main focus of this dissertation is to develop a multispectral imaging system with spectral zooming capability and also successfully demonstrate its promising medical applications through combining this technique with microscope system. The realization of the multispectral imaging method in this dissertation is based on the 4-f spatial filtering principle. When a collimated light is dispersed by the grating, there exists a clear linear distribution spectral line or spectrum at the Fourier plane of the Fourier transform lens group base on the Abbe imaging theory and optics Fourier Transform principle. The optical images, not the collimated light, are applied into this setup and the spectrum distribution still keeps linear relationship with the spatial positions at Fourier plane, even through there exists additional spectral crosstalk or overlap. The spatial filter or dynamic electrical filters used at the Fourier plane will facilitate randomly access the desired spectral waveband and agilely adjust the passband width. It offers the multispectral imaging functionality with spectral zooming capability. The system is flexible and efficiency. A dual-channel spectral imaging system based on the multispectral imaging method and acousto-optical tunable filter (AOTF) is proposed in the dissertation. The multispectral imaging method and the AOTF will form spate imaging channels and the two spectral channels work together to enhance the system efficiency. The AOTF retro reflection design is explored in the dissertation and experimental results demonstrate this design could effectively improve the spectral resolution of the passband. Moreover, a field lens is introduced into the multispectral imaging system to enhance the field of view of the system detection range. The application of field lens also improves the system spectral resolution, image quality and minimizes the system size. This spectral imaging system can be used for many applications. The compact prototype multispectral imaging system has been built and many outdoor remote spectral imaging tests have been performed. The spectral imaging design has also been successfully applied into microscope imaging. The prototype multispectral microscopy system shows excellent capability for normal optical detection of medical specimen and fluorescent emission imaging/diagnosis. Experiment results have demonstrated this design could realize both spectral zoom and optical zoom at the same time. This design facilitates fast spectral waveband adjustment as well as increasing speed, flexibility, and reduced cost.
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Sacramento, Roberto Sant'Anna. "Decaimento de Correlação e Teorema do Limite Central para Medidas de Zooming." Instituto de Matemática, 2012. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/19494.
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CAPES
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a validade de algumas propriedades estat sticas para sistemas din^amicos associados a uma certa medida, a saber, o decaimento de correla c~oes e a validade do Teorema do Limite Central. Essas propriedades ser~ao obtidas no contexto de um tipo especial de medida (as medidas zooming). Nesse contexto, as parti c~oes de Markov tem sido um ferramenta muito util para analisar o comportamento qualitativo de tais sistemas. Outra ferramenta util utilizada aqui e o levantamento de medidas. Utilizaremos tamb em algumas ferramentas intermedi arias, como conjuntos encaixados e componentes erg odicas, para obter a constru c~ao de uma parti c~ao de Markov associada a nosso sistema.
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Winter, Alice Bellemin. "Response-Effect Compatibility Defines the Natural Zooming Direction with Indirect Manipulation Devices." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10751636.
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Zooming is a type of user interaction offered by many programs and devices. It is used by millions of people, particularly with interactive web maps, but very few experiments have investigated why certain implementations are more effective than others. Research with direct manipulation devices (e.g., touchscreens) has found that the most natural user interaction is to swipe their finger in the direction they wish content to move. However, the most intuitive zooming direction is ambiguous for indirect manipulation devices (e.g., mouse, touchpad, and keyboard). Additionally, it is even less obvious which directional movement would result in a zooming gesture since most indirect manipulation devices only permit X and Y movements and zooming is a Z movement. For this reason, the current study investigated which Y axis directional movement is most compatible with zooming (a movement along the Z dimension) on indirect manipulation devices, and if this mapping is influenced by response method, depth cues, or instructions. Our results indicated that the R-E compatible zooming direction on indirect manipulation devices is what we define as the Forward in | Backward out mapping, which means the participant is moving their finger forward to zoom in and moving it backward to zoom out. This was reflected in higher accuracy for both touchpads and buttons and faster reaction times with touchpads. This suggests that the action of zooming on a 2D display is conceptualized as moving forward in space.
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Romero, Fernández Wilber. "Posttranslational modifications of human M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor: zooming in its functional implications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/110544.
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The human M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3R) regulates many important physiological roles in the central and peripheral nervous systems, and it is involved in the pathophysiology of several neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases, representing attractive potential pharmacological target for intervention. However, the lack of structural information on this receptor hampered the development of new potent antagonist with increased selectivity and lower side effects. Such structural information can be only achieved by means of experimental biophysical techniques, which require large quantities of pure receptor. Considering that under physiological conditions the expression of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) is relatively low, optimization of the receptor overexpression is a pre-requisite for structural studies efforts to be performed. In addition, although is has well established that GPCR undergo post-translational and increase evidences support that these are tight links to receptor roles, little progress has been made in the post-translational modifications field in some GPCRs, such as the case of M3R.
In this study, we provide some strategies to improve muscarinic receptor heterologous expression in mammalian cells guaranteeing proper post-translational modifications. In addition, we have been able to extract high levels of functional receptor from COS-7 cells using a detergent combination tested, and to purify the receptor to near homogeneity-keeping the full wild type receptor properties- by means of different affinity purification methods. Regarding the post-translational modifications studied, our findings provide the first evidence of the critical role that N-glycan chains play in determining muscarinic receptor distribution and localization, as well as in cell integrity. Furthermore, our data reveal a role for palmitoylation in determining M3R residence within lipid raft, as well as in receptor internalization and down-regulationEl receptor muscarínico de acetilcolina subtipo M3 humano (M3R) regula importantes funciones en el sistema nervioso central y periférico, y está implicado en la fisiopatología de varias enfermedades neurodegenerativas y autoinmunes, lo que representa una atractiva diana terapéutica para la intervención farmacológica. Sin embargo, la falta de la información estructural sobre este receptor obstaculizado el desarrollo de nuevos y potente fármacos de gran selectividad y bajo efecto secundario. Tal información estructural, puede lograrse por medio de la experimentación con técnicas biofísicas que requieren grandes cantidades de receptor puro. Teniendo en cuenta que en condiciones fisiológicas la expresión de receptores acoplados a proteínas G (GPCR) es baja, la sobreproducción del receptor es un pre-requisito para que los estudios estructurales puedan ser realizados. Además, aunque se ha establecido que los GPCR sufren modificaciones post-translationales y que en los últimos años un significante número de reportes sugieren que estas modificaciones están estrechamente vinculadas a las funciones del receptor, poco se ha avanzado en el estudio de estas modificaciones en el campo de algunos GPCRs, como es el caso de M3R. En este estudio, nosotros describimos algunas estrategias para mejorar la expresión de los receptores muscarínicos en células de mamíferos garantizando unas correctas modificaciones post-translacionales. Además, hemos sido capaces de extraer altos niveles de receptor funcional a partir de células COS-7 con una combinación de detergentes, purificamos el receptor M3R cerca de la homogeneidad, mantenimiento de la totalidad de las propiedades biológicas encontradas en el receptor silvestre. En relación a las modificaciones post-translationales estudiadas, nuestros resultados proporcionan la primera evidencia del papel crítico de las cadenas de N-glicanos en la determinación de la localización de estos receptores, así como en la integridad celular. Además, nuestros datos revelan un importante papel de las modificaciones lipídicas de M3R en relación a la distribución del receptor en microdominios resistente a detergentes, así como en la regulación del receptor. En resumen, las estrategias utilizadas pueden contribuir al incremento de la expresión M3R. De esta forma los esfuerzos para la purificación del receptor a gran escala pueden ser iniciados. Para ellos, nosotros revelamos una posible estrategia. Además, proponemos los posibles sitios de N-glicosilación y S-acilación en el M3R expresado en células COS-7, y proporcionamos evidencias experimentales que avalan la implicación funcional de estas modificaciones en el papel del receptor.
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Costigan, John A. "Applying Information Visualization Techniques to Visual Debugging." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33633.
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In the arena of software development, implementing a software design (no matter how perfect the design) is rarely done right the first time. Consequently, debugging one's own (or someone else's) software is inevitable, and tools that assist in this often-arduous task become very important with respect to reducing the cost of debugging as well as the cost of the software life cycle as a whole. Many tools exist with this aim, but all are lacking in a key area: information visualization. Applying information visualization techniques such as zooming, focus and context, or graphical representation of numeric data may enhance the visual debugging experience. To this end, drawing data structures as graphs is potentially a step in the right direction, but more must be done to maximize the value of time spent debugging and to minimize the actual amount of time spent debugging. This thesis will address some information visualization techniques that may be helpful in debugging (specifically with respect to visual debugging) and will present the results of a small pilot study intended to illustrate the potential value of such techniques.Master of Science
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Miller, Andrew Scott. "Compressor conceptual design optimization." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53598.
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Gas turbine engines are conceptually designed using performance maps that describe the compressor’s effect on the cycle. During the traditional design process, the cycle designer selects a compressor design point based on criteria to meet cycle design point requirements, and performance maps are found or created for off-design analysis that meet this design point selection. Although the maps always have a pedigree to an existing compressor design, oftentimes these maps are scaled to account for design or technology changes. Scaling practices disconnect the maps from the geometry and flow associated with the reference compressor, or the design parameters which are needed for compressor preliminary design. A goal in gas turbine engine research is to bridge this disconnect in order to produce acceptable performance maps that are coupled with compressor design parameters.
A new compressor conceptual design and performance prediction method has been developed which will couple performance maps to conceptual design parameters. This method will adapt and combine the key elements of compressor conceptual design with multiple-meanline analysis, allowing for a map of optimal performance that is attached to reasonable design parameters to be defined for cycle design. This method is prompted by the development of multi-fidelity (zooming) analysis capabilities, which allow compressor analysis to be incorporated into cycle analysis. Integrating compressor conceptual design and map generation into cycle analysis will allow for more realistic decisions to be made sooner, which will reduce the time and cost used for design iterations.
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Truedsson, Christian. "Stock Markets and Real Economic Activity : Zooming out to show a broader picture using 12 EU Membership Countries." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44007.
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This thesis analyzes the long run relationship between stock markets and macroeconomic variables, such as the real industrial production index, consumer price index, money supply, and long-term government bonds. By the use of recent developments in cointegration methodologies a larger set of countries is analyzed due to mitigation of the issue where variables are integrated of different orders. Based on a present value model, this thesis applies an ARDL model and conducts the bounds testing procedure for analysis of cointegrating relationships among the variables. Complemented by the popular Johansen cointegration methodology, it is found that the variables are cointegrated for all of the twelve countries. Hence, the present value model provides a theoretical explanation of the long run connection between stock markets and macroeconomic variables. Finally, the long run relationship is estimated using both FMOLS and DOLS. Results show that real economic activity, proxied by the real industrial production index, enters a positive relationship with the stock market indices, and so does money supply. In contrast, the consumer price index and long-term government bonds enter a negative relationship with the stock market indices. Hence, this thesis adds to the literature by applying new methodologies to the topic, through which a larger set of countries can be analyzed, and by further analyzing the long run relationship between stock markets and real economic activity.
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Litskevich, Dzianis [Verfasser], Bruno [Akademischer Betreuer] Thomauske, Bruno [Akademischer Betreuer] Merk, and Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer] Bosbach. "Development of an advanced neutron transport solver for zooming in DYN3D / Dzianis Litskevich ; Bruno Thomauske, Bruno Merk, Dirk Bosbach." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162955325/34.
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Pilet, Julien. "Analyse du comportement moteur stabilisé en windmilling par couplage des modèles thermodynamiques et simulations numériques." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESAE0004.
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L'étude des performances moteur repose traditionnellement sur des modèles de cycle thermodynamique et l'utilisation de champs caractéristiques pour décrire le comportement de sous ensembles élémentaires (compresseurs, turbines,...). Ces modèles simplifiés permettent de prendre en compte les équilibres et interactions entre les différents composants de la turbomachine et ses effets technologiques, En pratique, ces caractéristiques sont issues de techniques d'interpolation/ extrapolation (par exemple la méthode MFT) de d01hnées d'essais ou de calculs aérodynamiques (1D, 2D ou 3D), le plus souvent disponibles seulement autour du point de fonctionnement nominal. Par conséquent, la représentativité de ces caractéristiques n'est pas toujours satisfaisante pour simuler des points de fonctionnement en forte hors adaptation, comme les ralentis ou le windmilling. A l'inverse, les outils de calcul aérodynamique 3D sont capables de simuler des écoulements plus complexes pour tout point de fonctionnement (proche du nominal), Toutefois, leur utilisation est en pratique limitée aux différents sous-ensembles pris séparément, en raison des temps de restitution particulièrement longs pour la simulation d'un moteur complet. Par conséquent, les interactions entre composants ne sont pas prises en compte, d'où la difficulté de prévoir les performances du système propulsif dans son intégralité. L'objectif de ce travail est d'une part de combler ce besoin d'outils de prévision fiables des performances moteur pour des fonctionnements en très forte hors-adaptation et, d'autre part, d'analyser la phénoménologie des écoulements en windmillingEngine performance is traditionally calculated by thermodynamic models (engine cycle analysis) using characteristic maps to describe engine sub-components behavior (compressors, turbines,...). These simplified models can account for the equilibriums and interactions between all the sub components of the engine, as well as the different technological effects. Interpolation and extrapolation techniques such as th MFT(Map Fitting Tool) are used to build up the characteristic maps with data collected from aerodynamic calculations (CFD, 1D, 2D or 3D) or rig tests that are usually available at design point. However, such techniques do not always provide the level of accuracy needed for off-design cycle analysis such as low speeds and windmilling operatlon. ln addition, these maps do not provide any insight on the physical phenomena governing thls kind of operations.Aerodynamic calculatlon tools are able to simulate complex 3D flows for nearly any operating conditions with a fairly good accuracy. However, they are commonly used on individual sub-components and not the whole engine due to high computing time and resources they require. Therefore, interactions between sub-components are overlooked making it difficult to predict the overall engine performance.The objectives of this thesis are to improve severe off-design engine performance predictions and to understand the physical phenomena in place at steacly-state windmilling operation. Engine winclmilling performance ls critical in early design phase of the primary combustion chamber area that will cletermine engine relight capabilities. Yet, knowledge of how the engine operates during windmilling is still scarce
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Cañameras, Raoul. "Zooming in on star formation in the brightest galaxies of the early universe discovered with the Planck and Herschel satellites." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS237/document.
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Les galaxies amplifiées par lentillage gravitationnel fort offrent une opportunité exceptionnelle pour caractériser la formation stellaire intense au sein des galaxies poussiéreuses les plus distantes. Dans les cas les plus favorables, il est possible d'étudier les mécanismes qui régissent la formation stellaire jusqu'aux échelles des régions de formation d'étoiles individuelles. Les alignements fortuits entre ces galaxies actives et des structures d'avant-plan produisant des facteurs d'amplification par lentillage gravitationnel >> 10 restent néanmoins très rares. L'échantillon des Planck's Dusty GEMS (Gravitationally Enhanced subMillimeter Sources), découvert par le relevé de ciel complet du satellite Planck dans le domaine sub-millimétrique, contient onze galaxies à haut décalage spectral extrêmement brillantes. Leurs densités de flux à 350 microns se situent entre 300 et 1000 mJy, au-delà de la plupart des sources lentillées précédemment découvertes par les relevés en infrarouge lointain et sub-millimétrique. Six d'entre elles dépassent la limite en complétude à 90% du catalogue de sources ponctuelles détectées par Planck (PCCS), indiquant qu'elles sont parmi les plus brillantes sources lointaines sélectionnées par leur formation stellaire intense. Cette thèse s'intègre dans le suivi multi-longueur d'onde de cet échantillon exceptionnel, destiné à sonder les propriétés globales des sources d'arrière-plan et à contraindre les configurations de lentillage. Premièrement, j'utilise de l'imagerie et de la spectroscopie en visible et en infrarouge proche et moyen pour caractériser les structures formant la lentille et pour construire des modèles de lentillage gravitationnel complets. J'en déduis que les onze GEMS sont effectivement alignées avec des surdensités de matière en avant-plan, soit des galaxies massives et isolées, soit des groupes ou amas de galaxies. Ces objets amplifiants contiennent des populations d'étoiles évoluées et âgées de plusieurs milliards d'années, indiquant qu'il s'agit de galaxies précoces. De plus, la modélisation détaillée de l'effet de lentillage vers les GEMS suggère que les amplifications atteignent systématiquement des facteurs > 10, et > 20 pour certaines lignes de visée. Deuxièmement, nous observons dans les domaines infrarouge lointain et millimétrique pour caractériser les sources d'arrière-plan. Les données en interférométrie de l'IRAM et du SMA à des résolutions inférieures à la seconde d'arc montrent que les GEMS ont des morphologies très déformées, preuve de fortes distorsions gravitationnelles. J'obtiens des températures de poussières de 33 à 50 K et des luminosités atteignant 2x10^14 luminosités solaires en infrarouge lointain, sans corriger du facteur d'amplification. La relation entre températures de poussières et luminosités infrarouge confirme également que, pour une température donnée, les GEMS sont plus brillantes que les galaxies similaires non lentillées. Je conclus qu'à ces longueurs d'onde, le chauffage des poussières semble être dominé par l'activité de formation stellaire avec une contamination par d'éventuels noyaux actifs systématiquement inférieure à 30%. Nous trouvons des décalages vers le rouge compris entre 2.2 et 3.6 grâce à la détection d'au moins deux raies d'émission du gaz atomique ou moléculaire par source. Finalement, je cible les trois sources lentillées de l'échantillon ayant les propriétés les plus remarquables. En particulier, la plus brillante d'entre elles s'avère être un sursaut présentant des densités de formation stellaire proches de la limite d'Eddington, et permet de sonder la naissance des étoiles dans ses phases les plus extrêmesStrongly gravitationally lensed galaxies offer an outstanding opportunity to characterize the most intensely star-forming galaxies in the high-redshift universe. In the most extreme cases, one can probe the mechanisms that underlie the intense star formation on the scales of individual star-forming regions. This requires very fortuitous gravitational lensing configurations offering magnification factors >> 10, which are particularly rare toward the high-redshift dusty star-forming galaxies. The Planck's Dusty GEMS (Gravitationally Enhanced subMillimeter Sources) sample contains eleven of the brightest high-redshift galaxies discovered with the Planck sub-millimeter all-sky survey, with flux densities between 300 and 1000 mJy at 350 microns, factors of a few brighter than the majority of lensed sources previously discovered with other surveys. Six of them are above the 90% completeness limit of the Planck Catalog of Compact Sources (PCCS), suggesting that they are among the brightest high-redshift sources on the sky selected by their active star formation. This thesis comes within the framework of the extensive multi-wavelength follow-up programme designed to determine the overall properties of the high-redshift sources and to probe the lensing configurations. Firstly, to characterize the intervening lensing structures and calculate lensing models, I use optical and near/mid-infrared imaging and spectroscopy. I deduce that our eleven GEMS are aligned with intervening matter overdensities at intermediate redshift, either massive isolated galaxies or galaxy groups and clusters. The foreground sources exhibit evolved stellar populations of a few giga years, characteristic of early-type galaxies. Moreover, the first detailed models of the light deflection toward the GEMS suggest magnification factors systematically > 10, and > 20 for some lines-of-sight. Secondly, we observe the GEMS in the far-infrared and sub-millimeter domains in order to characterize the background sources. The sub-arcsec resolution IRAM and SMA interferometry shows distorded morphologies which definitively confirm that the eleven sources are strongly lensed. I obtain dust temperatures between 33 and 50 K, and outstanding far-infrared luminosities of up to 2x10^14 solar luminosities before correcting for the gravitational magnification. The relationship between dust temperatures and far-infrared luminosities also confirms that the GEMS are brighter than field galaxies at a given dust temperature. I conclude that dust heating seems to be strongly dominated by the star formation activity with an AGN contamination systematically below 30%. We find secure spectroscopic redshifts between 2.2 and 3.6 for the eleven targets thanks to the detection of at least two CO emission lines per source. Finally, I focus on the three gravitationally lensed sources showing the most remarkable properties including the brightest GEMS, a maximal starburst with star formation surface densities near the Eddington limit
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Santi, Gioele. "Un algoritmo per la super resolution e lo zooming di una singola immagine che ne mantiene i contorni e i dettagli." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4536/.
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Gouws, Andries Jacobus. "Zooming in: an ethnographic study of visual journalism for smartphones - journalistic roles and routines at South Africa’s largest graphics unit, Graphics24." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63154.
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This study examines the changing roles of graphics journalists in the digital era at Graphics24, the largest information graphics newsroom in South Africa, in the context of their work for Netwerk24, an online news site published in Afrikaans with a strong focus on mobile-first news. The study examines the discursive construction of these new journalistic roles in the digital era where even the core conceptualisation of what journalism is, is being re-examined. It considers external factors affecting the discourse of change, drawing on a hierarchy of influences analytical model, as well as norms specific to the creation of information graphics. Data for this study was gathered by using ethnographic immersion and semi-structured interviews. This study specifically looks at graphics journalists working in a mobile-first environment, and how the pressures of producing information graphics for consumption on smartphones affects their roles. Evidence of two widely differing discourses in the Graphics24 and Netwerk24 newsrooms was found. Visual journalists in this study have created a discourse around being distinct “service providers”, rather than mobile-first journalists, who do not see the need for full integration in the fast-paced mobile news environment of Netwerk24. Word-centric journalists have, by contrast, created a mobile-first discourse. They experience the separateness of the graphics team as a barrier that impedes the creation of good information graphics for mobile phone consumption. Although this is a very localised study in a very particular context, this study contributes to broader thinking in what is a very under-researched field: The changing roles of visual journalists in the digital era and the discursive construction of these roles. The study suggests that even in the digital era where the definition of newsrooms has become much more fluid and less fixed physically, ethnographic methods can still offer a meaningful way to explore journalistic roles.
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Rastogi, Ravi. "A STUDY TOWARDS DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATED HAPTIC USER INTERFACE (AHUI) FOR INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE BLIND OR VISUALLY IMPAIRED." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2859.
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An increasing amount of information content used in schools, work and everyday living is being presented in graphical form, creating accessibility challenges for individuals who are blind or visually impaired, especially in dynamic environments, such as over the internet. Refreshable haptic displays that can interact with computers can be used to access such information tactually. Main focus of this study was the development of specialized computer applications allowing users to actively compensate for the inherent issues of haptics when exploring visual diagrams as compared to vision, which we hypothesized, would improve the usability of such devices. An intuitive zooming algorithm capable of automatically detecting significant different zoom levels, providing auditory feedback, preventing cropping of information and preventing zooming in on areas where no features were present was developed to compensate for the lower spatial resolution of haptics and was found to significantly improve the performance of the participants. Another application allowing the users to perform dynamic simplifications on the diagram to compensate for the serial based nature of processing 2D geometric information was tested and found to significantly improve the performance of the participants. For both applications participants liked the user interface and found it more usable, as expected. In addition, in this study we investigated methods that can be used to effectively present different visual features as well as overlaying features present in the visual diagrams. Three methods using several combinations of tactile and auditory modalities were tested. We found that the performance significantly improves when using the overlapping method using different modalities. For tactile only methods developed for deaf blind individuals, the toggle method was surprisingly preferred as compared to the overlapping method.
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Holkko, Lafourcade Johanna, and Lisa Josefsson. "Zooming the Zoomers : The portrayal of older consumers in printed adverts and the perceptions of this portrayal of younger and older consumers." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12771.
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Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is two folded: firstly to do a content analysis on how consumers older than 55 years (Zoomers) are portrayed in advertisements in the largest Swedish magazines, and secondly, to uncover what perceptions of this portrayal that older and younger consumers have.
Background: The population of the world is growing older, and thus older consumers (+55) are a large and rapidly growing group of the population which also are strong in purchasing power. Research indicates that older consumers are neglected in advertisement, which might be due to a low participation rate of older models in adverts. Some researchers indicate that this is due to a fear among advertisers to use older models in advertisement since it could alienate younger consumers from purchasing the products. Previous research is ambiguous concerning the effectiveness of using older models in adverts. Therefore, this thesis will examine how Zoomers are portrayed in adverts and what perceptions older and younger consumers have on this portrayal.
Method: The purpose of this thesis was fulfilled by conducting a magazine content analysis of adverts, and by conducting focus groups with Zoomers respectively consumers aged 20-30 years. To analyze the results, theories with a base in psychology and advertising was used, e.g. the cognitive age theory, the key concept theory and the self-discrepancy theory.
Conclusion: Zoomers are included in 14 percent of Swedish adverts and are portrayed in a positive manner, which is a portrayal both older and younger consumers are content with. Zoomers want to be included more frequently and indications are discovered that younger consumers might be positive to an increased use of older models in adverts when trust is essential.
Syfte: Syftet med den här uppsatsen är tudelat; för det fösta, att göra en innehållsanalys på hur konsumenter äldre än 55 år (Zoomers) framställs i reklam i de största svenska veckotidningarna. Och för det andra, att undersöka vilka åsikter äldre och yngre konsumenter har om hur Zoomers framställs i reklam.
Bakgrund: Världens befolkning blir allt äldre och äldre konsumenter (+55) är en stor och snabbt växande grupp i samhället, som även besitter stor köpkraft. Forskning visar att äldre konsumenter försummas i reklam, något som kan bero på att äldre modeller sällan används i reklamannonser. Vissa forskare menar att detta beror på att reklammakarna är skeptiska till användandet av äldre modeller, på grund av en rädsla att yngre konsumenter ska sluta köpa produkterna. Befintlig forskning är tvetydig gällande effektiviteten att använda äldre modeller i reklamannonser. Därför undersöker den här uppsatsen hur Zoomers framställs i reklam och vilka åsikter yngre och äldre konsumenter har om detta.
Metod: För att uppfylla uppsatsens syfte så gjordes en innehållsanalys på tryckt tidningsreklam, samt fokusgrupper med Zoomers och konsumenter i ålder 20-30 år. För att analysera resultaten användes teorier med sin bas inom psykologi, bland andra; the cognitive age theory, the key concept theory and the self-discrepancy theory.
Slutsats: Zoomers är inkluderade i 14 procent av tryckta annonser och är positivt framställda, vilket både äldre och yngre konsumenter var nöjda med. Zoomers vill synas mer i reklam och indikationer upptäcktes angående att yngre konsumenter kan ställa sig positiva till en ökad användning av äldre modeller i reklam där trovärdighet är viktigt.
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Khaddour, Hasan. "Lokalizace a interpretace zdrojů zvuku v akustických polich." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233686.
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Disertační práce se zabývá lokalizací zdrojů zvuku a akustickým zoomem. Hlavním cílem této práce je navrhnout systém s akustickým zoomem, který přiblíží zvuk jednoho mluvčího mezi skupinou mluvčích, a to i když mluví současně. Tento systém je kompatibilní s technikou prostorového zvuku. Hlavní přínosy disertační práce jsou následující: 1. Návrh metody pro odhad více směrů přicházejícího zvuku. 2. Návrh metody pro akustické zoomování pomocí DirAC. 3. Návrh kombinovaného systému pomocí předchozích kroků, který může být použit v telekonferencích.
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Krieger, Nico [Verfasser], and Hans-Walter [Akademischer Betreuer] Rix. "Zooming into the Blast Furnace - A close Look into the Molecular Gas in the NGC253 Starburst with ALMA / Nico Krieger ; Betreuer: Hans-Walter Rix." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1211820947/34.
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Simoneaux, Brent A. "Rearticulating the Zoomable User Interface." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1313178580.
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Ricknäs, Daniel, and Frida Stam. "Visual User Interface for PDAs." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1994.
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This report is a part of a diploma work, conducted as a part of a Master of Science degree. The diploma work consists of a preliminary study, two case studies, a user study, a paper and this report. It was created at the Linköping University for the department of Science and Technology, in cooperation with Unilever Research in the UK, and partly with the EC founded project, Smartdoc IST-2000-28137.
Hand-held, mobile devices like Personal Digital Assistances (PDAs) are becoming increasingly popular in today’s wireless world. While trying to pack all the possible information into a small window, a nightmarish scenario is created for the interface designer to deal with. The goal for this project was to investigate different Visual User Interfaces (VUIs)on PDAs, and how to apply desktop interaction techniques to PDAs.
A VUI model based on Zooming User Interface (ZUI) techniques, to adapt two complete different visualisation application areas; on-line brand-based shopping and flood warning system for PDAs, is presented. The on-line brand- based shopping was evaluated in a benchmark usability study comparing it to traditional PC based on-line shopping.
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Pevný, Jindřich. "Metody pro spektrální analýzu s vysokým rozlišením." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-317222.
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This thesis deals with the topic of high resolution spectral analysis. In the first part, selected methods are presented and afterwards compared based on the Matlab implementations. The problematics of reduction of crossterms in quadratic time–frequency distributions is also covered. The second part is focused on the implementation and optimization of the algorithm for real-time computation of smoothed Wigner distribution function.
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Chagneau, Anthony. "Méthode de zoom structural étendue aux hétérogénéités non linéaires." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS051.
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Une approche multi-échelle introduit une méthode de zoom structural dans une zone d’intérêt, appelé le patch, utilisant uniquement des opérateurs de projection de champs. Les différents comportements dans le patch et dans la structure globale sont pris en compte sans utiliser des paramètres de poids entre énergies locales et globales comme la méthode Arlequin. Notre problème initial est de fiabiliser numériquement la méthode de zoom structural pour le cas linéaire, et plus précisément de choisir un solveur performant sur les espaces de Krylov, ainsi qu’un préconditionnement et une rénumérotation efficaces et adaptés au système à résoudre. Une fois le solveur choisi, cette approche est validée mécanique sur deux essais, un de traction et l’autre de cisaillement. Une étude paramétrique sur le patch est effectué afin d’obtenir une solution acceptable. L’objectif suivant est d’étendre cette approche à des régions comportant des hétérogénéités à comportement non linéaire. On s’est intéressé au comportement élastoplastique. L’hypothèse de départ est de considérer le comportement élastoplastique uniquement à l’intérieur du patch et un comportement élastique sur la structure globale ainsi que sur la zone de raccord. On valide ensuite cette approche avec différents essais comprenant plusieurs défauts et donc plusieurs patchs ainsi que des histoire de chargement différentsA multi-scale approach introduces a structural zoom method into a region of interest, called the patch, using only field projection operators. The different behaviours in the patch and in the overall structure are taken into account without using weight parameters between local and global energies such as the Arlequin method. Our initial problem is to digitally reliable the structural zoom method for the linear case, and more precisely to choose a high-performance solver on Krylov spaces, as well as effective preconditioning and ordering adapted to the system to be solved. Once the solver is chosen, this approach is mechanically validated in the mean of two tests, namely traction and shear. A parametric study of the patch is performed to obtain an acceptable solution. The next objective is to extend this approach to regions with heterogeneities of non-linear behaviour. The method has been reached out for elastoplastic behaviour. Initial hypothesis assumes the elastoplastic behaviour only inside the patch and an elastic behaviour of the overall structure as well as of the gluing area. Finally, this approach is validated with different tests including several faults and therefore several patches as well as different loading history
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Prescher, Denise. "Taktile Interaktion auf flächigen Brailledisplays." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-215972.
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Für den Zugang zu grafischen Benutzungsoberflächen (GUIs) stehen blinden Menschen so genannte Screenreader und Braillezeilen zur Verfügung. Diese ermöglichen zwar das nicht-visuelle Wahrnehmen textueller Inhalte, allerdings kein effektives Arbeiten mit bildlichen Darstellungen. Neuartige taktile Flächendisplays können eine geeignete Lösung für den interaktiven Zugang zu tastbaren Grafiken darstellen und somit die Interaktionsmöglichkeiten blinder Benutzer im Umgang mit grafischen Anwendungen bereichern. Beispielsweise erlauben derartige Geräte nicht nur das Erkunden räumlicher Anordnungen, sondern darüber hinaus auch die kombinierte Ausgabe von Braille, Grafik und semi-grafischen Elementen. Um die deutlich größere Menge an gleichzeitig darstellbaren Informationen beherrschbar zu machen, sind neben entsprechenden Inhaltsaufbereitungen und Navigationsmechanismen auch geeignete Orientierungshilfen bereitzustellen. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde am Beispiel der BrailleDis Geräte der Metec AG, welche eine taktile Ausgabefläche von 120 mal 60 Stiften bereitstellen, untersucht, inwieweit flächige Brailledisplays blinden Menschen eine effektive und effiziente Bedienung grafischer Benutzungsoberflächen ermöglichen. Neben dem Zugang zur GUI selbst sowie dem Lesen von Texten stellt dabei insbesondere das Arbeiten mit Grafiken einen wichtigen Aspekt dar. Um die Bedienung auf einem taktilen Flächendisplay zu erleichtern, ist eine konsistente Organisation der Inhalte hilfreich. Hierfür wurde ein neuartiges taktiles Fenstersystem umgesetzt, welches die Ausgabe nicht nur in mehrere disjunkte Bereiche unterteilt, sondern auch verschiedene taktile Darstellungsarten unterstützt. Zur Systematisierung der Gestaltung und Evaluation derartiger taktiler Benutzungsoberflächen sowie der darin stattfindenden Benutzerinteraktionen wurde zunächst eine Taxonomie erarbeitet. Dabei wurden neben der Interaktion selber, welche durch die Ein-und Ausgabe sowie die Handbewegungen des Benutzers beschrieben werden kann, auch die Benutzerintention in Form von taktilen Elementaraufgaben sowie die technischen Spezifikationen des Geräts mit einbezogen. Basierend auf der Taxonomie wurden anschließend relevante Aspekte identifiziert, welche in mehreren Benutzerstudien mit insgesamt 46 blinden und hochgradig sehbehinderten Menschen untersucht wurden. Die betrachteten Untersuchungsfragen betrafen dabei einerseits die Effektivität der Ausgabe in Form verschiedener taktiler Ansichtsarten sowie die Eingabe und Erkundung durch den Benutzer, andererseits auch Aspekte zur Effizienz konkreter Interaktionstechniken. Als Ergebnis der einzelnen Studien wurden abschließend konkrete Empfehlungen zur Umsetzung von Benutzungsoberflächen auf flächigen Brailledisplays gegeben. Diese beinhalten insbesondere Aspekte zur Ergonomie von taktilen Flächendisplays, zur Anzeige von textuellen Inhalten, zur Darstellung und Interaktion mit grafischen Inhalten sowie zu Orientierungshilfen. Insgesamt konnte mit Hilfe der Benutzerstudien gezeigt werden, dass flächige Brailledisplays blinden Menschen einen effektiven und effizienten Zugang zu grafischen Benutzungsoberflächen ermöglichen. Verschiedene taktile Darstellungsarten können dabei das Lösen unterschiedlicher Aufgaben unterstützen. Generell erfordert die flächige Interaktion vom Benutzer allerdings auch die Erweiterung seiner konventionellen Erkundungs-und Eingabestrategien. Die Bereitstellung neuartiger Interaktionstechniken zur Unterstützung der Orientierung kann die Effizienz zusätzlich steigernBlind people normally use screen readers as well as single-lined refreshable Braille displays for accessing graphical user interfaces (GUIs). These technologies allow for a non-visual perception of textual content but not for an effective handling of visual illustrations. Novel two-dimensional tactile pin-matrix devices are an appropriate solution to interactively access tactual graphics. In this way, they can enrich the interaction possibilities of blind users in dealing with graphical applications. For instance, such devices enable the exploration of spatial arrangements and also combine output of Braille, graphics and semi-graphical elements. To make the high amount of simultaneously presented information perceivable and efficiently usable for blind users, an adequate preparation of content as well as adapted navigation and orientation mechanisms must be provided. In this thesis the BrailleDis devices of Metec AG, which have a tactile output area of 120 times 60 pins, were used. The goal was to investigate to what extent large pin-matrix devices enable blind people to use graphical user interfaces effectively and efficiently. Access to the GUI itself, reading text, and dealing with graphics are the main aspects of the application area of such devices. To facilitate the operation on a two-dimensional pin-matrix device a consistent organization of the content is helpful. Therefore, a novel tactile windowing system was implemented which divides the output area into multiple disjunctive regions and supports diverse tactile information visualizations. Moreover, a taxonomy was developed to systematize the design and evaluation of tactile user interfaces. Apart from interaction that can be described by input and output as well as hand movements, the taxonomy includes user intention in terms of interactive task primitives and technical specifications of the device. Based on the taxonomy, relevant aspects of tactile interaction were identified. These aspects were examined in multiple user studies with a total of 46 blind and visually impaired participants. The following research topics were considered during the user studies: 1. the effectiveness of diverse tactile view types (output), 2. user input and exploration, and 3. the efficiency of specific interaction techniques. As a result, practical recommendations for implementing user interfaces on two-dimensional pin-matrix devices were given. These recommendations include ergonomic issues of physical devices as well as design considerations for textual and graphical content as well as orientation aids. In summary, the user studies showed that two-dimensional pin-matrix devices enable blind people an effective and efficient access to graphical user interfaces. Diverse tactile information visualizations can support users to fulfill various tasks. In general, two-dimensional interaction requires the extension of conventional exploration and input strategies of users. The provision of novel interaction techniques for supporting orientation can help to increase efficiency even more
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Karamanavis, Vasileios (Vassilis) [Verfasser], Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Eckart, and J. Anton [Akademischer Betreuer] Zensus. "Zooming into γ-ray loud galactic nuclei: broadband emission and structure dynamics of the blazar PKS 1502+106 and the narrow-line Seyfert 1 1H 0323+342 / Vasileios (Vassilis) Karamanavis. Gutachter: Andreas Eckart ; J. Anton Zensus." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2015. http://d-nb.info/107585802X/34.
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Dumont, Marion. "Généralisation de représentations intermédiaires dans une carte topographique multi-échelle pour faciliter la navigation de l'utilisateur." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1076/document.
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Une carte multi-échelle est un ensemble de cartes à différentes échelles, dans lequel l’utilisateur peut naviguer via un géoportail. Chacune de ces cartes est préalablement construite par généralisation cartographique, processus qui adapte la représentation cartographique à une échelle donnée. Les changements de représentations qu’implique la généralisation entre deux cartes à différentes échelles sont susceptibles de perturber l’utilisateur, rendant sa navigation plus difficile. Nous proposons dans cette thèse d’ajouter des représentations intermédiaires dans une carte multi-échelle existante, pour créer une évolution plus fluide du contenu cartographique au fil des échelles. Alors que de solides connaissances théoriques existent pour la conception cartographique traditionnelle, on ne sait pas encore comment concevoir une carte multi-échelle efficace. Pour formaliser des connaissances à ce sujet, nous avons étudié un panel de seize cartes multi-échelles existantes. Nous avons analysé les systèmes de zoom utilisés ainsi que l’évolution des représentations cartographiques au fil des échelles, en particulier les changements de niveaux d’abstraction pour les objets bâtis et routiers. Nous avons aussi évalué la variation de complexité visuelle du contenu cartographique au fil des échelles, en utilisant des mesures de clutter visuel. Nous avons ainsi identifié les tendances générales en termes de représentations multi-échelles (comme l’application du standard WMTS), certains facteurs que nous considérons comme ayant une influence négative sur la navigation de l’utilisateur (comme l’utilisation d’une même carte à différentes échelles), ainsi que des pratiques intéressantes visant à la faciliter (comme les représentations mixtes). A partir de ces constats, nous avons formulé des hypothèses sur l’influence des variables de construction des représentations intermédiaires sur la fluidité de navigation. Nous avons construit un matériel de test à partir d’un extrait de la carte multi-échelle Scan Express de l’IGN, entre les cartes existant au 1 : 25k et au 1 : 100k. Nous avons ainsi produit quatre versions différentes de représentations intermédiaires entre ces deux cartes, implémentant nos différentes hypothèses. Cet exercice nous a permis de mieux cerner les verrous techniques que soulève la production de représentations intermédiaires. Nous avons enfin conduit un test utilisateurs contrôlé, en demandant à 15 participants de réaliser une tâche cartographique sur ces différentes cartes multi-échelles, pour évaluer la pertinence de nos hypothèsesA multi-scale map is a set of maps at different scales, displayed on mapping applications, in which users may navigate by zooming in or out. Each of these maps is produced beforehand by cartographic generalization, which aims to adapt the cartographic representation for a target scale. Due to generalization, the representation changes between maps at different scales may disturb the user during its navigation. We assume that adding intermediate representations in an existing multi-scale map may enable a smooth evolution of cartographic content across scales. While theoretical knowledge exists for traditional cartography, we still do not know how to design efficient multi-scale maps. To formalize knowledge on that subject, we studied sixteen existing multi-scale maps. We focused on the used zooming system (zoom levels and display scales) and on the evolution of cartographic representations across scales, in particular for building and road entities. We also analyzed the variation of visual complexity of the map content across scales, using visual clutter measures. We thus identified general trends in terms of multi-scale representation (i.e. use of WMTS standard), some potential disturbing factors (i.e. use of a same map at different scales), but also good practices which may ease the user navigation (i.e. mixed representations). Based on these findings, we made assumptions on the influence of intermediate representations design on user navigation. We built test material from an extract of the Scan Express multi-scale map of the French IGN, between the existing maps at 1:25k and 1:100k scales. We thus produced four different versions of intermediate representations between these two maps, implementing our different hypotheses. This way, we highlighted the technical issues that we faced when producing intermediate representations. Finally, we conducted a controlled user study, asking 15 participants to perform a cartographic task on these different multi-scale maps, to evaluate our hypotheses
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Rutherford, Paul. "Usability of navigation tools in software for browsing genetic sequences." Diss., Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/948.
Full textAbstract:
Software to display and analyse DNA sequences is a crucial tool for bioinformatics research. The data of a DNA sequence has a relatively simple format but the length and sheer volume of data can create difficulties in navigation while maintaining overall context. This is one reason that current bioinformatics applications can be difficult to use. This research examines techniques for navigating through large single DNA sequences and their annotations. Navigation in DNA sequences is considered here in terms of the navigational activities: exploration, wayfinding and identifying objects. A process incorporating user-centred design was used to create prototypes involving panning and zooming of DNA sequences. This approach included a questionnaire to define the target users and their goals, an examination of existing bioinformatics applications to identify navigation designs, a heuristic evaluation of those designs, and a usability study of prototypes. Three designs for panning and five designs for zooming were selected for development. During usability testing, users were asked to perform common navigational activities using each of the designs. The “Connected View” design was found to be the most usable for panning while the “Zoom Slider” design was best for zooming and most useful zooming tool for tasks involving browsing. For some tasks the ability to zoom was unnecessary. The research provides important insights into the expectations that researchers have of bioinformatics applications and suitable methods for designing for that audience. The outcomes of this type of research can be used to help improve bioinformatics applications so that they will be truly usable by researchers.
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Stenlund, Jörgen. "Travelling through time : Students’ interpretation of evolutionary time in dynamic visualizations." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-154619.
Full textAbstract:
Evolutionary knowledge is important to understand and address contemporary challenges such as loss of biodiversity, climate change and antibiotic resistance. An important aspect that is considered to be a threshold concept in teaching and learning about evolution is the time it involves. The history of evolution comprises several scales of magnitude, some of which are far from direct human experience and therefore difficult to understand. One way of addressing this issue is to use dynamic visualizations that represent time, for example, to facilitate teaching and learning about evolution. This thesis investigates how students’ comprehension of evolution and evolutionary time can be facilitated by visualizations in educational settings. Two different dynamic visualizations were investigated. In paper I different temporal versions of a spatio-temporal animation depicting hominin evolution were explored. The temporal information was expressed as one or several timelines along which an animated cursor moved, indicating the rate of time. Two variables, the number of timelines with different scales, and the mode of the default animated time rate (either constant throughout the animation or decreasing as the animation progressed), were combined to give four different time representations. The temporal aspects investigated were undergraduate students' ability to find events at specific times, comprehend order, comprehend concurrent events, comprehend the length of time intervals, and their ability to compare the lengths of time intervals. In paper II, perceptions and comprehension of temporal aspects in an interactive, multi-touch tabletop application, DeepTree, were investigated. This application depicts the tree of life. The focus was on the interactive aspects, especially how the zooming feature was perceived, but also on any misinterpretations associated with the interaction. The same temporal aspects listed for paper I were also implicitly investigated. The findings indicate that handling the problem of large differences in scale by altering the rate of time in the visualization can facilitate perception of certain temporal aspects while, at the same time, can hinder a correct comprehension of other temporal aspects. Findings concerning DeepTree indicate that the level of interactions varies among users, and that the zooming feature is perceived in two ways, either as a movement in time or as a movement in the metaphorical tree. Several misinterpretations were observed, for example the assumption that the zooming time in the tree corresponds to real time, that there is an implicit coherent timeline along the y-axis of the tree, and that more nodes along a branch corresponds to a longer time. The research reported in this thesis supports the claim that careful choice, and informed use of visualizations matters, and that different visualizations are best suited for different educational purposesFör att kunna förstå och ta ställning till utmaningar i form av exempelvis klimatförändringar, förlust av biodiversitet och antibiotikaresistens krävs kunskap om evolution. För att förstå evolution är det i sin tur viktigt att inse betydelsen av de tidsskalor som evolutionära processer omfattar. Detta utgör inte sällan ett problem vid undervisning om evolution eftersom det rör sig om tidsskalor som sträcker sig långt bortom vad vi själva kan erfara. Tidsskalor ingår i en grupp av begrepp som kallas tröskelbegrepp. Tröskelbegrepp utmärks av att de är svåra att ta till sig, men när väl förståelse uppnås så innebär det en radikal och permanent förändring av hur ett ämnesinnehåll, exempelvis evolution, betraktas. Av den anledningen är de också ”enkelriktade” i meningen att den nya förståelsen är bestående Ett sätt att bemöta problemen med att förstå tidsskalor av varierande storlekar är att använda dynamiska visualiseringar. Denna avhandling handlar just om hur elevers förståelse av evolution med avseende på tiden kan underlättas genom visualiseringar i undervisning. Avhandlingen baseras på två studier som var och en belyser evolutionär tid på olika sätt beträffande såväl innehåll som form. I den första studien undersöktes hur olika varianter av en tidsrepresentation i form av animerade tidslinjer påverkade 144 studenters förståelse av olika tidsaspekter. Representationen av tid hade två variabler, nämligen antal tidslinjer (en tidslinje respektive 3 tidslinjer med olika skalor) och hastighet för animationen av tidsförloppet (konstant hastighet respektive avtagande hastighet när animationen närmade sig nutid). De två variablerna kombinerades för att ge fyra olika varianter av tidsrepresentation. I studien jämfördes varianterna genom att undersöka studenters förmåga kring olika tidsaspekter; hitta händelser vid specifika tider, uppfatta ordning på händelser, uppfatta samtidiga händelser, uppfatta längden på ett tidsintervall och jämföra längden av två tidsintervall. I den andra studien undersöktes uppfattningar och förståelse av tidsmässiga aspekter hos 10 gymnasieelever med utgångspunkt från det interaktiva multi-touch-bordet ”DeepTree”. Det är en interaktiv visualisering av livets träd, det vill säga de fylogenetiska sambanden mellan organismer på jorden. I denna studie fokuserades de interaktiva aspekterna av visualiseringen, särskilt kring hur zoomfunktionen uppfattades av elever men också vilka missuppfattningar som var kopplade till interaktioner. Även tidsaspekterna från den första studien undersöktes. Resultaten från den första studien visar att det under vissa omständigheter kan vara en fördel att variera det animerade tidsflödet, till exempel genom att hastigheten på tidsflödet i animationen avtar under en speciellt händelserik period som behöver granskas noggrannare. Under andra omständigheter kan det däremot vara olämpligt att variera hastigheten för den animerade tiden eftersom det försvårar bedömningen av storleken på, och jämförelsen av, tidsintervall. Det är alltså viktigt att lärare är medvetna om vilken, eller vilka, tidsaspekter som är centrala i den specifika lärandesituationen. Resultaten från den andra studien visar två olika sätt att uppfatta zoomfunktionen när den används i applikationen DeepTree; antingen som en rörelse i tid eller som en rörelse i det metaforiska trädet. Flera missuppfattningar av interaktionen observerades hos eleverna. Till exempel tolkade en del elever den tid det tog att zooma i trädet som att det motsvarade hur lång tid som förflöt mellan olika evolutionära händelser. Ett antal elever verkade anta att det finns en implicit linjär tidslinje längs y-axeln på trädet, och att ju fler grendelningar som fanns längs en gren desto längre tid motsvarade grenen. Generellt är de flesta tidsaspekter svåra att uppfatta för användare av DeepTree. Evolutionära träd av denna typ är dock främst gjorda för att illustrera släktskapsförhållanden, men de tidsmässiga aspekterna skulle kunna förbättras. Applikationer av den typ som DeepTree utgör har potential att erbjuda goda möjligheter till lärande även beträffande evolutionär tid men hänsyn behöver då tas just till hur tidsaspekter beskrivs.
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Guo, Chi-Chan, and 郭啟展. "Object Tracking with Zooming Mechanism." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32621458182216933600.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
資訊工程學研究所
87
When an object moves towards the camera, the resulting image expands. Similarly, when an object moves away from the camera, the image contracts. Since the normalized grayscale correlation is used to search target object and it is a template matching method. The scaling problem will affect the correctness of the pattern matching method and set the limitation on its application. “Zooming” is used to adjust the focal length to compensate for the distortion of the viewed object image when expanded or contracted of the viewed object image. The zoom mechanism is used to assist in stabilizing the size of the viewed object image in a recognizable level and solve the scaling problem. The direction of the viewed object motion need be known for “zoom-in” or “zoom-out”. Optical flow is used to compute the parameters of the moving object for deciding the direction of the object motion. Simplified optical flow is proposed to speed up the computation and its computing range is the shape of a cross. The voting rule is used to decide the direction of the object motion. The normalized grayscale correlation is used to implement the 2D-tracking system for the translation motion but not for rotation motion. The hierarchical searching method is used to achieve real-time tracking requirement. The original image and pattern of the viewed object result in various images and patterns of different resolutions. The image and pattern of the lowest resolution are used to find the object and those of the highest resolution are used to accurately position. The tracking tends to fail, because of the scaling problem, if the pattern match method is made use of. Although there is scaling invariances to solve the problem, there are also some difficulties if accurate positions and some specific features are required. If the object moves far and far away, the image is smaller and smaller. It results that the small image is regarded as the noise or it can not be found. Even if the image is tracked, the limited information may not be useful. In contrast, the closer the object, the larger the image. Nevertheless, the expansion may result in the incomplete image. The zooming mechanism not only solves the scaling problem but also keeps the information in the recognizable range. With zooming mechanism, we judged the moving direction of the object by the optical flow, and then zoomed in or zoomed out the camera according to the direction. Because the computation of the optical flow is time consuming, the computation range is restricted to the area that contributes most on the direction judgement. With the highly accurate computation of optical flow, we can determine whether the object moves forward or backward by the center cross. We expect the 2D-tracking system with the zoom tracking can expand the application to 3D. on the other hand, it can remove the restriction brought about by the scaling problem.
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Tzou, Guey Shyan, and 鄒貴賢. "Natural Zooming System of HDTV." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26373218976896441288.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
82
Throught data compression of HDTV technology has been perfectly developed recently,yet an effective solution to image conversion is still not deviced. In the past, the so-called linear interpolation by filter device was often utilized. Since the the cost of memory device is dropped, the digital signal processing has been in leading place of all conversion techniques. For the image-size conversion, the popular skills are Zero order and Bilinear methods. Because they tends to increase high frequency error in conversion, therefore distortion follows. The theme of this thesis is to derive a Super Pulse Code Modulation for Vedio Singal (the VSPCM method). By this method, a large portion of additive high frequency errors can be reduced. The main part of VSPCM method is called natural zooming system. First , any 2-D image singal must be mapped to a series data.Later, each three pixels can be assumed as to be an Abstract region with convex shape. After that, each of this region will be abstracted to generate a vector parameter. According to a vector's parameter, the analog singal can be regenerated by the regenerator. And finally,a piece of smooth zooming image can be created by resampling. In the future, It could be perfectly made by connecting with different TV singal systems when this result is transplanted on VLSI chips.Therefore it is very flexible to communiate with various TV standards.The barrier of standardization will be no longer existed.
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Li, Zhi-Gang, and 李致綱. "Object Extraction from Zooming Sequence." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98207911746825239899.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
資訊工程學系研究所
91
With the development of the MPEG4, the concept of video object plane (VOP) is more and more important. Before the MPEG4 video coding, it requires a prior process to decompose the video sequences into several video segmented object planes. As moving objects cause local intensities changes, these changes provide the most important information of the segmentation. Whereas the camera motion also changes intensities, we have to remove the changes caused by camera moving. The experimentation is using a fixed and single global lens CCD to detect the objects which are not belong to the environment. When global lens CCD finds the objects, the system will pass the objects information to PTZ lens CCD, which is able to capture the better image of the objects. When PTZ lens CCD is tracing objects, CCD`s moving causes global motion between frames. As extracting the objects in these frames, we use an efficient affine model to remove the image intensities changes caused by PTZ lens camera moving. After motion compensation, find the changes due to moving objects, and select the region of the objects. On purpose to find the precise contours of the objects, we use SRG algorithm to erode the background inside the objects region, and finally extract the objects. In the last step, we return back the image of the PTZ lens CCD with global lens CCD`s background and the extracted objects. By this method, we are able to reduce the redundancy and lower the data translation bit rate.
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Zeng, Jun-Rong, and 曾俊榕. "The Study of Image Zooming Techniques." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30498076442857500465.
Full textAbstract:
碩士靜宜大學
資訊管理學系
99
In image zooming issues, it can be separate into two aspects, adaptive and non-adaptive zooming. The difference between adaptive and non-adaptive is that non-adaptive technique use one algorithm to reconstruct whole pixels in target image, without considering the edges or pixel’s correlation. And adaptive technique usually uses two or more algorithms to deal with, considering the edges, pixel’s correlation, or even the type of target image, this technique can be mutative by different person. In this thesis we proposed two adaptive zooming techniques. The first one combines bilinear interpolation and vector quantization algorithm and we set a threshold to separate the type of needy reconstruct pixels into smooth or complex. When the pixel is smooth, we use bilinear interpolation to rebuild. After all smooth pixels have been rebuilt well, we divide whole image into the same blocks, and step by step check all blocks have been rebuilt or not, if a block haven’t rebuilt yet, we use vector quantization algorithm to deal it and till all blocks have been rebuilt. In the second method, we keep down the gradient from original image, and set a threshold to classify the type of each needy reconstruct pixels into smooth or complex. And smooth pixels use bilinear to rebuild it. Then based on the gradient we can find the edge directions, and rebuilt different edges. The experimental results show that the proposed methods can improve the ambiguous in edges, and the image quality is also better than others.
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Bernier, Roger. "Design of a zooming viewer for statecharts." Thesis, 2000. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/1295/1/MQ59317.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Traditional state-transition diagrams have been inherently flat in nature. With the advent of hierarchical state diagrams, known as statecharts [HAR87], there has been a marked improvement in the way the dynamics of a system can be modelled. As systems become larger and more complex, statecharts been used successfully to reduce the complexity. However, the current lack of tools that take advantage of this notion of hierarchy have hindered the development process. It is sometimes desirable to hide or display certain portions of a statechart. For example, a composite state may be collapsed or expanded depending on the zooming level. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to design and implement a 'zooming' viewer for statecharts. This goal is to provide the architect or system analyst with an easy and intuitive way to navigate a large statechart diagram. In so doing, the system should be easier to view and understand.
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Lin, Yue-Feng, and 林岳鋒. "Real-Time Cell Zooming for Green Cellular Networks." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42bype.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
電機工程學系研究所
107
Energy efficiency in a cellular network is a growing concern for cellular operators to not only maintain profitability, but also to reduce the overall environment effects. A cellular network in which each base station has the capability of on/off switching and cell-zooming is called a green cellular network. In this thesis, we want to study a real-time power allocation problem; namely, how to determine the coverage radius of each base station in a given time threshold such that the energy efficiency of a cellular network can be maximized while the blocking ratio of network service can be bounded by a given threshold, which is in fact an NP complete problem. The use of the genetic algorithm (GA) is justified by the need to have a real-time solvable algorithm. However, it is often difficult for a GA to generate feasible solutions (also known as chromosomes) for an optimization problem with constraints. To conquer such a problem, we first propose a centralized memetic algorithm (cMA), which can be regarded as an improved version of a GA. However, in cMA, the size of the search space of chromosomes grows exponentially as the number of base stations is increased. Hence we propose a distributed MA (dMA), which distributes evolutionary tasks over the network via local cooperation between neighboring base stations. To the best of our knowledge, our thesis is the first to use memetic algorithms (including cMA and dMA) to deal with the real-time power allocation problem. Simulation results show that both cMA and dMA are real-time solvable algorithms and outperform other state-of-the-arts; besides, dMA has better scalability than cMA when the number of base stations or user equipments is quite large.
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Zheng, Wen-Yuan, and 鄭文源. "Prototyping of a Confocal Zooming Apparatus for Biomedical Inspection." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45705162033197737655.
Full textAbstract:
碩士華梵大學
機電工程研究所
95
The object of this research is to design and prototype an optical bio-inspection system using a zooming mechanism reinforced with a piezoactuator driven stage based upon the confocal principle. The optical bio-inspection system basically utilizes a motion mechanism to vary the relative distances among three sets of lens in order to exercise the zoom function for images received on a CCD chip, and employs a piezoactuator to minutely displace a plate with a pinhole in order to perform the optical biopsy function based upon the confocal principle. The optical zooming mechanism prototyped in this setup adopts a design using three groups of lens. The third group of lens is fixed and the first as well as the second one are relatively displaced dedicatedly from the third one according to the zooming ranges required. The zooming mechanism is set up using two sets of stepping motor micro-stages, and the zoomed bio-sample images acquired by the CCD chip are verified through experiments using automatic control techniques. Upon a bio-sample having been in a focused state using the optical zooming mechanism, the focus length of a high microscopy ratio oil-immersed object lens in front of the sample is then minutely tuned by applying a prescribed bias voltage onto the piezoactuator to deform a micro-stage. As a result, the images of slightly differentiated focus depth planes for the samples are captured by the CCD chip to accomplish the optical biopsy goal. After that, the integrated optical bio-inspection system is interactively controlled through a graphic user interface (GUI) developed using the LabView software tool. Hence, the images of the samples can be acquired and assembled by the high sensitivity gray-lever CCD to form 3D representations of the samples with proper adjustments of the zooming and optical biopsy functions.
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Chien-HungKuo and 郭建宏. "Fuzzy Gravitational Search Algorithm Based Image Zooming Interpolation Scheme." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34a493.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
電機工程學系
103
This thesis aims to apply fuzzy gravitation search algorithms to decrease the image zooming inconsistent condition. The image interpolation method distinguishes between the two categories: single frame and multi-frame. The latter is often used in visually, due to the continuous access to live images, so a real-time zooming effect can be achieved. The former is mostly used in repair, reconstruction and local pictures to enlarge the view. In the image scaling process, the hardest part is to increase or maintain the sharpness and smoothness of the image and to reduce the blurring. The proposed method is to modify the traditional linear interpolation method, and make use of the fuzzy gravitational search algorithm in order to achieve optimal compensation rate of pixel. Even if in high-magnification scaling, we still have a clear image. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme gives a higher peak-signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and shows a better images results in comparison with traditional method.
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Yu, Jun-Hong, and 余浚弘. "New A Novel Quality-Effective Zooming Algorithm for CFA Image." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96597714987424542834.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
資訊網路與多媒體研究所
99
Mosaic images are captured by a single charge-coupled device/complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CCD/CMOS) sensor with the Bayer color filter array. In this paper, a new quality-effective zooming algorithm for mosaic images is presented. First, based on adaptive heterogeneity projection masks and the Sobel- and lumi-nance estimation-based (SL-Based) masks, more accurate gradient information can be extracted from the mosaic image directly. According to the extracted more accurate gradient information, the mosaic green (G) channel is first zoomed. In order to reduce color artifacts, instead of directly moving the original red (R) value to its right position and the blue (B) value to its lower position in the previous approach, the color difference interpolation is utilized to expand the G-R and G-B color difference values. Finally, the zoomed mosaic R and B channels can be constructed by using the zoomed G channel and the two expanded color difference values; afterward, the zoomed mosaic image is obtained. Based on twenty-four popular test mosaic images, experimental results are demonstrated to show that the proposed zooming algorithm has more than 1.79 dB quality improvement when compared with two previous zooming algorithms, one by Battiato et al. and the other by Lukac et al.
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Hsu, Chih-Hao, and 徐之豪. "A Web-Service System of Online Zooming by Wavelet Technology." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14551930740490829382.
Full textAbstract:
碩士元智大學
資訊工程學系
92
With the development of computer science and network technology, the usage of digital image is growing popular and convenient in the recent years. Thus, people expects more efficient interactive online web services than before, such as electronic commerce, web Geographic Information System etc.. The method proposed in this paper is to implement a web-service of online zooming by wavelet technologies, including wavelet transform, multi-resolution, and wavelet coding. We solve the problem of slowly speed in image processing over the network, and propose a continuous zooming method to present a web-service system of online zooming by wavelet technology. People could achieve the better image quality and the fast continuous zooming manipulation over the network by adopting our methods. Keywords : wavelet transform, multi-resolution and wavelet coding.
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Lin, Ding-Chin, and 林鼎欽. "A Small-Cell Zooming Technique for Two-Tier Cellular Networks." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58449006848176751959.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北大學
通訊工程研究所
102
With the explosive growth of users, the reliance for mobile communications and wireless communications is continuously increasing. According to a sampling survey conducted by “Taiwan Network Information Center (TWNIC),” the ratio of wireless use in recent two years has significantly grown up. Using mobile network effectively not only can reduce energy consumption but also can bring more industry profits. Also, reducing carbon emissions is the current global trend. In the same time, we must serve all users and let them achieve required data rates. To this end, we should effectively control the total power consumption in the environment.
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Liao, Han-yuan, and 廖漢源. "Zooming technique of Chinese character patterns: Based on pyramid structure." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22038432288768335175.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
資訊及電子工程研究所
81
A technique for zooming digital Chinese character pattern is represented. This technique is developed based on pyramid structure which is suggested for decomposing signal into dif- ferent resolutions. In other words, the pyramid structure can devide the source signal into a series of bandpass signals. Both Laplacian pyramid structure and subband pyramid structure which are constructed by a series of bandpass filters are employed here. The shrunk character patterns can be obtained by downsampling and quantizing the outputs of lowpass filters. The expanded character patterns are obtained by upsampling the original patterns and using the lowpass filters as the interpolators. Like the traditional techniques, the zig-zag phenomenon also appears in expanded patterns. Two smoothing techniques are employed here for acquiring more excellent expanded character patterns. Simutaneously, the outline font of Chinese character patterns can be obtained from the outputs of the highpass filters. Moreover, the multiresolution structures for pyramid structure also are introduced to obtain the character patterns in various resolutions. For efficient reason, a more fast method for convolution also is suggested.
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Chuang, Lin-Ying, and 莊林穎. "Real-time Frame Rate Restoration by Compensating Camera Zooming and Panning." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80805168347800698306.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
電機工程系碩士班
91
In this thesis, we proposed a fast frame interpolator at decoder end to enhance the temporal quality of the real-time low-bit-rate video applications, such as the cellualr video conferencing. The proposed frame interpolator operates in the fashion of block-base instead of pixel-base to achieve the real-time speed. The global motion model is adopted in our scheme to interpolate the camera motion. Our scheme fully utilizes the received block-based motion vectors from the encoder to minimize the complexity of the global motion search. Furthermore, the majority of the local motion vectors for moving object interpolation can be directly derived without performing complex local motion search at the decoder end. Some failed interpolated frames may be occurred due to insufficient information received at decoder. We detect and use bidirectional frame repetition(BFR) on those failed interpolated frames. The experiment shows that the proposed algorithm can interpolate frames in real-time and successfully remove the jigger artifacts caused by the low frame rate. Our proposed methods can be used not only in fixed-block-size H.263+ but also in variable-block-size H.264/AVC.
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Robole, Debra Dee 1954. "Zooming in : the impact of primary relationships on doctoral student persistence." 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/12358.
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Wu, Wen-Han, and 吳文瀚. "A New Motion Compensation Algorithm for Video with Camera Zooming Motion." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90332923045735701364.
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碩士國立清華大學
資訊工程學系
94
Camera zooming motion is very common in both commercial movies or home made videos. However, since the property of the moving motion caused by camera zooming, block based motion estimation method in current video coding standard couldn’t process video sequences with camera zooming motion well. Base on property of camera zooming motion, we proposed a zooming motion estimation method which is different from present global motion analysis method. If we estimate that there is a camera zooming motion, we can further estimate the camera zooming speed. We propose a camera zooming motion compensation algorithm which can estimate the motion vector of each pixel by the camera zooming speed to reconstruct whole frame. We further propose a combined method which combines our camera zooming motion compensation algorithm with traditional block based motion estimation method. The combined method not only has high visual and image quality, but also improves the coding efficiency compared to block based motion estimation. Key words: camera zooming motion; global motion analysis; block based motion estimation; motion vector; motion compensation.
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Robole, Debra Dee. "Zooming in the impact of primary relationships on doctoral student persistence /." 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3118067.
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Kao, Wan-Ting, and 高琬婷. "A low-complexity joint color demosaicking and zooming Image processor design." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/sda26m.
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碩士中原大學
電子工程研究所
107
Image damosaicking and scaling technologies have been widely used in industry and academic. In this study, it uses low-complexity adaptive edge-enhanced color demosaicking and bilinear interpolation algorithms to achieve low-complexity combining color demosaicking and zooming integrated circuit design. The proposed method is suitable for integrated circuits design. Previous studies that jointed color demosaicking and zooming algorithms have the advantages of high quality. However, the complexity and cost are too high in the hardware. Therefore, this thesis proposes to combine the two technologies. In the software design, the method proposed in this thesis is using low-complexity edge enhanced and detection to demosaicking. Then use bilinear interpolation to scaling. These methods we uesd which the operation and the complexity are simple. The average peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) is 24.3396 dB. In the hardware design, this thesis proposes the buffer register to store all the pixel values required for a single operation and five demosaicking modules to produce all possible results. Finally, proposes the bilinear interpolation to scaling the values to recover the image. The design vision based on TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS cell library is used for VLSI implementation. The result in this study represent the gate count is 8.17 K, the frequency is 200 MHz, and the power is 11.8698 mW.