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Academic literature on the topic 'Zoonoses – Dépistage – Québec (Province)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Zoonoses – Dépistage – Québec (Province)"
Bélair, Guy. "Histoire de la nématologie au Québec : ce n’est qu’un début!" Phytoprotection 89, no. 2-3 (November 20, 2009): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/038237ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Zoonoses – Dépistage – Québec (Province)"
Messier, Valérie. "La séroprévalence des zoonoses au Nunavik : surveillance, identification des facteurs de risque et intervention." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27743/27743.pdf.
Full textSampasa, Kanyinga Hugues. "Séroprévalence de neuf zoonoses dans deux communautés cries de la Baie-James (Canada)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27067/27067.pdf.
Full textLarouche, Geneviève. "Le dépistage par mammographie chez les femmes ayant été testées pour les gènes BRCA1/2 : évaluation des méthodes de rapport et comparaison des taux d'utilisation après et avant le test génétique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27327.
Full textThis thesis aims to assess the effect of BRCA1/2 genetic testing on screening practices according to test results. Three studies were carried out. The participants in these studies were tested for genetic susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer in the INHERIT BRCAs (Interdisciplinary Health Research Team on BReast CAncer susceptibility) research program, conducted between 1998 and 2004. Self-reported and administrative data from the Quebec Health Insurance Board database (“Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec” (RAMQ)) for these participants were used. The results from the first two studies were used to support methodological choices in the main study. Since women who were tested for BRCA1/2 tend to overestimate their use of mammography, administrative data are preferable than self-reported information to assess their use of breast cancer screening. RAMQ data are thus considered as a better means of assessing mammography screening following genetic testing BRCA1/2, since specific procedure codes covering all mammography exams, whether done in a private clinic or hospital, can be tracked. Analyses of RAMQ data carried out in the main study suggest that BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and women with an inconclusive test result had more screening mammography after, than prior to, genetic testing. Conversely, non-carriers did not have more breast screening exams. In conclusion, this thesis has allowed a better understanding of the long-term use of mammography after BRCA1/2 genetic testing. It specifically showed that young female non-carriers, contrary to what was expected, do not change their use of mammography after genetic testing. These women could therefore benefit from interventions to improve their cancer screening to their specific level of risk for breast and ovarian cancer. Cancer screening methods that are better adapted to cancer risk would contribute to optimizing utilisation of health resources. Indeed, a stratification risk approach to breast cancer and personalized screening measures should lead to changes in the current recommendations for breast cancer screening. The adherence of women and physicians to these new approaches will then need to be further evaluated.
Guertin, Marie-Hélène. "La qualité des mammographies dans le programme québécois de dépistage du cancer du sein, 2004-2005." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27312.
Full textObjectives: The main objective of the present study is to evaluate mammography quality of mammograms in daily practice of the Quebec breast cancer screening program. This study also aimed at identifying factors associated with mammography quality among characteristics of patients and technologists who perform the mammograms. The last objective was to evaluate if clinical image quality is associated with the false-positive rate. Methods: A random sample of 1,278 mammograms was drawn from all 394 190 mammograms realized in the program in 2004 and 2005. The mammograms were evaluated based on the criteria used by the Canadian Association of Radiologists. These criteria include an overall evaluation (pass/fail) and a detailed evaluation of positioning, compression, sharpness, contrast, exposure level and artifacts. All sampled mammograms were evaluated by an expert radiologist familiar with the CAR criteria. A subsample of 197 mammograms was also evaluated by a second radiologist and a third one when results were discordant. Characteristics of women were obtained from the Quebec breast cancer screening program information system. Technologists’ characteristics were collected by mailed questionnaire developed specifically for the study purposes. To evaluate the association between women characteristics and mammography quality, Poisson regression models with robust estimation of variance were carried out in order to estimate proportion ratios. Technologists’ characteristics were analysed similarly but with positioning quality (higher/lower) as the outcome. Finally, mammography quality was analysed in association with the false-positive proportion using a similar model. All models were adjusted for potential confounders. Results: For the subsample evaluated by at least two radiologists, 49.7% of mammograms failed overall quality and positioning was suboptimal for 37.2% of mammograms. Inter-rater agreement between the two principal radiologists was generally low (Cohen’s kappa = 0.17 for overall quality and 0.18 for positioning). Increasing body mass index (kg/m2) was associated with lower mammography quality. For overall quality, women with a BMI≥30 had a failure proportion of 67.5% compared to 34.9% for women with a BMI< 25 (adjusted ratio = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.5 – 3.0). Technologists who, in addition to mandatory training, followed at least 15 hours of hands-on training in positioning performed higher positioning quality (adjusted ratio = 1.3, 95%CI = 1.1 - 1.5) compared to technologists with no such additional training. Technologists providing at least 15 hours of continued medical education (CME) also performed higher positioning quality (adjusted ratio = 1.3, 95%CI: 1.1 - 1.5) compared to those who provided less than 15 hours of CME. Finally, among mammography quality dimensions evaluated only presence of artifacts was significantly associated with an increase in the proportion of false-positives (adjusted ratio = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.3 – 3.3) compared to mammograms with few or no artifacts. Conclusion: This study is the first to evaluate mammography quality in daily practice of the Quebec breast cancer screening program. Our study also showed low inter-rater agreement for clinical image evaluation. This can have a major impact on screening centres since these evaluations are the main reasons for loss of accreditation. The proportion of mammograms with poor positioning was higher for women with high BMI. Our study results suggest that increasing hands-on training in positioning for technologists could help improve overall positioning quality in the Program. It would also be important to reassess the impact of clinical image quality on the false-positive rate in the context of digital imaging. A next step is also to evaluate if the observed variations in mammography quality are associated with screening sensitivity. The latter analyses are currently ongoing at the Institut national de santé publique du Québec.
Touré, Sounan Charles. "Facteurs associés à l'intention d'adhésion au programme québécois de dépistage du cancer du sein (PQDCS)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22050.
Full textKiyang, Lawrence Ndoh. "Intention des professionnels de la santé d'aider les femmes ciblées par le Programme Québécois de Dépistage du Cancer du sein à prendre une décision éclairée concernant leur participation au dépistage du cancer du sein." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23694.
Full textThis descriptive study, based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, evaluated health professionals’ intention to help women targeted by the Quebec Breast Cancer Screening Programme in making informed decisions about breast cancer screening with mammography. The 288 family physicians and 618 nurses who responded to our questionnaire had a strong intention to adopt this behaviour. The perception of behavioural control was the variable most strongly associated with intention, followed by attitude, and social norm. The main barriers to the adoption of the studied behaviour, as perceived by participants were lack of time and limited access to information. The intention of health professionals as well as the adoption of the studied behaviour could be reinforced by training activities on informed decision making and relevant decision support tools made available.
Zomahoun, Hervé Tchala Vignon. "Effets des caractéristiques des femmes et des technologues sur la qualité du positionnement en mammographie de dépistage, Programme québécois de dépistage du cancer du sein 2004-2005 : analyses préliminaires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27779/27779.pdf.
Full textMartinez, Gonzales Odilon. "Simulation du coût/efficacité du génotypage du facteur Rhésus foetal." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30116/30116.pdf.
Full textLa alloimmunisacion maternal es la respuesta inmunológica del organismo a la presencia de un alloantigeno en la sangre materna durante la gestación de una mujer RhD negativa. Existen diferentes opciones de despistaje, pero las evaluaciones de costo/eficacia no han sido realizadas. Este es un estudio de simulación de reportes de costo/eficacia de opciones de despistaje del factor Rhesus fetal durante la gestación de mujeres RhD negativas de Quebec. El modelo a considerado cuatro opciones: 1) la profilaxis sistemática, 2) el génotypage fetal, 3) el despistaje inmunológico RhD del papá et 4) el despistaje mixta. Durante el primer embarazo, la profilaxis sistemática y el despistaje inmunológico RhD del padre son las más costo/eficaces. Durante el segundo embarazo la opción despistaje inmunológica del padre es la opción más costo/eficaz. En las circunstancias actuales, la opción de génotypage fetal no es costo/eficaz, pero este lo sería si el test de génotypage costara menos de 140 $ CA.
Maternal alloimmunisation against Rhesus D antigen is an immunologic response to the presence of RhD antigen in the fetus of pregnant RhD negative women. Various screening options exist but the evaluation of their cost/effectiveness has never been done. This research is a simulation study that addresses the cost/effectiveness of fetal Rh screening options. The model considered four options: 1) the systematic use of anti-D immunoglobulin, 2) fetal RhD genotyping, 3) immunological determination of the father Rh factor and 4) mixed screening. During the first pregnancy, the two most cost/effective options were the systematic prophylaxis and immunological Rh typing options. Immunological typing was the most cost/effective option for the second pregnancy. Fetal genotyping is not a cost-effective option unless the cost of the test drops below 140 $CA.
Nshimyumukiza, Léon. "Cell-free DNA-based noninvasive prenatal screening for Down syndrome in the Quebec healthcare system : health economic aspects." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27889.
Full textIntroduction: In the Province of Quebec, about 110,000 pregnant women are eligible to voluntary prenatal screening for trisomy 21(T21). Conventional screening strategies select about 4% of women for invasive fetal chromosome testing. Noninvasive prenatal testing using maternal blood cell-free DNA (NIPT) is a new highly accurate screening strategy that could reduce these invasive procedures but evidence about its health economic aspects (cost-effectiveness and affordability) is still lacking. Objectives: The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the expected health economic aspects of introducing NIPT into the Quebec trisomy 21 screening program. The first study systematically reviewed the literature of full economic evaluation studies on NIPT. The second study evaluated the expected cost-effectiveness of screening strategies incorporating NIPT, as well as conventional screening strategies. The third study evaluated the expected budget impact of implementing NIPT into the Quebec trisomy 21 screening program. Methodology: A systematic review of literature was performed for the first study. For the second and third studies, semi-Markov decision-analytic models were built to simulate the cost-effectiveness and the budget impact of NIPT for a virtual cohort of pregnant women similar to that of Quebec in terms of age and pregnancy rate by age. The main outcome for the cost-effectiveness analysis was the incremental cost per additional trisomy 21 detected. The main outcome for the budget impact analysis was the difference in the overall costs between the two alternatives: the current screening strategy vs. the most cost-effective strategy incorporating NIPT). Results: The first study included 16 studies. Results show that compared to current screening practice a universal NIPT screening program is not cost-effective. A program that offers NIPT to high risk pregnant women was found to be the most cost-effective option in the majority of studies included. The second study showed that NIPT as a second-tier test for high-risk women is cost-effective compared to screening algorithms not including NIPT. Out of 13 strategies compared, the integrated serum screening strategy followed by NIPT was the most cost-effective strategy. Other strategies can improve the number of T21 cases identified, but with increasing incremental costs per case (from $ 61,623 to $1,553,615). Results were sensitive to NIPT cost and cut-offs considered to determine high risk pregnant women. The third study found that NIPT as a second-tier test offered to high-risk women identified by the current screening program is affordable for the Quebec health care system. Compared to the current screening program, this strategy could be implemented at a neutral cost considering a modest yearly saving of $80,432 (95% CI: $79,874-$81,462). Results were sensitive to the NIPT costs and the uptake-rate of invasive diagnostic tests. Conclusion: NIPT as a second-tier test offered to high-risk women identified by the current screening program is cost-effective and affordable for the Quebec health care system. Decision makers should consider its introduction after considerations of others aspects such as ethical issues.
Bonneau, Phanie, and Phanie Bonneau. "Dépistage et suivi des pucerons et aleurodes vecteurs de virus et identification des diverses sources de contamination virale dans les fraisières du Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38027.
Full textAu Québec, le dépérissement des fraisières cultivées (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne) observé dernièrement a principalement été causé par les virus SMYEV, SCV, SMoV, SVBV et SPaV. Les vecteurs sont le puceron du fraisier, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii (Cockerell), et l’aleurode des serres, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood). Cette étude de deux ans comportait six objectifs. Premièrement, nous avons comparé l’efficacité de deux outils de dépistage des vecteurs, soit les pièges-collants jaunes et les pièges-bols jaunes. Les résultats démontrent que les pièges-collants sont plus efficaces pour la capture de pucerons et d’aleurodes, toutes espèces confondues. Deuxièmement, nous avons déterminé les périodes de vol des deux insectes vecteurs à l’échelle provinciale. Les résultats indiquent que le puceron du fraisier est principalement présent dans les champs du début juillet jusqu’au début septembre. Quant à l’aleurode des serres, il est présent de début juin jusqu’à la fin octobre. Troisièmement, nous avons évalué la prévalence des virus SMYEV et SCV dans les spécimens de pucerons du fraisier ailés capturés. Des analyses RT-PCR ont démontré que 38% des pucerons (N=205) étaient infectés. Le quatrième objectif consistait à évaluer la capacité des fraisiers sauvages (Fragaria virginiana Miller) à constituer un réservoir naturel de virus. Les analyses RT-PCR ont indiquées que 67% des talles de fraisierssauvages (N=12) étaient infectées et qu’elles représentent donc des réservoirs de virus. Le cinquième objectif était de suivre l’accumulation des virus dans 14 fraisières à l’aide de plants sentinelles protégés et exposés. Les résultats confirment que les plants de fraisier exposés en plein champ ont accumulé des virus suite aux envolées des vecteurs. Enfin, nous avons réalisé un inventaire considérable des différentes espèces de pucerons et d’aleurodes retrouvées en fraisières. Cette étude a apporté d’importantes contributions dans la gestion des insectes vecteurs de virus dans le cadre de la problématique du dépérissement des fraisières au Québec.
In Quebec, strawberry decline disease outbreak occurring in strawberry fields (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne) has been predominantly caused by viruses (SMoV, SVBV, SPaV, SMYEV and SCV). The vectors are the strawberry aphid, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera : Aleyrodidae). This 2-year study had six objectives. First, we compared the effectiveness of two screening techniques, yellow sticky traps and yellow pan-traps. The results demonstrated that the yellow sticky traps are more effective for capturing aphids and whiteflies, all species combined. The second objective was to determine the flight periods of the main vectors across the province. The results indicated that the winged strawberry aphids are mainly present in strawberry fields from early July until early September. As for the greenhouse whitefly, it is mainly present from early June and extends through October. The third objective was to measure the prevalence of SMYEV and SCVin winged strawberry aphid specimens captured in 2014 and 2015. The RT-PCR results indicated that 38% of the aphids (N=205) captured were infected. The fourth objective was to examine the ability of wild strawberries (Fragaria virginiana Miller) to be a long-term host for strawberry viruses. The RT-PCR results demonstrated that 67% of the wild strawberry patches tested (N=12) were infected and therefore, represent a natural reservoir. The fifth objective was to monitor the viruses’ accumulation in 14 strawberry fields throughout the province, using protected and exposed control plants. The results confirmed that the exposed control strawberry plants accumulated viruses following the vectors’ flights over the season. Finally, we carried out a considerable inventory of the different species of aphids and whiteflies found in strawberries. This study has provided important contributions to the management of virus-carrying insects as part of the problem of the strawberry declinein Quebec.
In Quebec, strawberry decline disease outbreak occurring in strawberry fields (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne) has been predominantly caused by viruses (SMoV, SVBV, SPaV, SMYEV and SCV). The vectors are the strawberry aphid, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera : Aleyrodidae). This 2-year study had six objectives. First, we compared the effectiveness of two screening techniques, yellow sticky traps and yellow pan-traps. The results demonstrated that the yellow sticky traps are more effective for capturing aphids and whiteflies, all species combined. The second objective was to determine the flight periods of the main vectors across the province. The results indicated that the winged strawberry aphids are mainly present in strawberry fields from early July until early September. As for the greenhouse whitefly, it is mainly present from early June and extends through October. The third objective was to measure the prevalence of SMYEV and SCVin winged strawberry aphid specimens captured in 2014 and 2015. The RT-PCR results indicated that 38% of the aphids (N=205) captured were infected. The fourth objective was to examine the ability of wild strawberries (Fragaria virginiana Miller) to be a long-term host for strawberry viruses. The RT-PCR results demonstrated that 67% of the wild strawberry patches tested (N=12) were infected and therefore, represent a natural reservoir. The fifth objective was to monitor the viruses’ accumulation in 14 strawberry fields throughout the province, using protected and exposed control plants. The results confirmed that the exposed control strawberry plants accumulated viruses following the vectors’ flights over the season. Finally, we carried out a considerable inventory of the different species of aphids and whiteflies found in strawberries. This study has provided important contributions to the management of virus-carrying insects as part of the problem of the strawberry declinein Quebec.
Résumé en espagnol
Résumé en espagnol
Books on the topic "Zoonoses – Dépistage – Québec (Province)"
Rinfret-Raynor, Maryse. Protocole de dépistage systématique des femmes victimes de violence conjugale et guide d'intervention. 2nd ed. [Monträl]: Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur la violence familiale et la violence faite aux femmes et CLSC Saint-Hubert, 1999.
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