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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Zooplankton behavior'

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1

True, Aaron Conway. "Patchiness: zooplankton behavior in finescale vertical shear layers." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42925.

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Regions containing gradients of vertical flow are often associated with sharp changes in hydrographic and biochemical water properties in coastal marine ecosystems. Often these are sites of dense plankton aggregations of critical ecological importance. In this study, a recirculating flume apparatus with a laminar, planar free jet (the Bickley jet) was used to create finescale gradients of fluid velocity (shear) in both upwelling and downwelling configurations for zooplankton behavioral assays. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to fully resolve the velocity fields allowing us to fine-tu
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2

Verdy, Ariane. "Dynamics of marine zooplankton : social behavior, ecological interactions, and physically-induced variability." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43158.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Physical Oceanography (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2008.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. [221]-232).<br>Marine ecosystems reflect the physical structure of their environment and the biological processes they carry out. This leads to spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability, some of which is imposed externally and some of which emerges from the ecological mechanisms themselves. The main focus of this thesis is on the formation of spati
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3

Lawson, Gareth L. "Distribution, patchiness, and behavior of Antarctic zooplankton, assessed using multi-frequency acoustic techniques." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39220.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2006.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 297-311).<br>The physical and biological forces that drive zooplankton distribution and patchiness in an antarctic continental shelf region were examined, with particular emphasis on the Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba. This was accomplished by the application of acoustic, video, and environmental sensors during surveys of the region in and around Margueri
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4

True, Aaron Conway. "Ecological engines: Finescale hydrodynamic and chemical cues, zooplankton behavior, and implications for nearshore marine ecosystems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54019.

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Ephemeral patches of hydrodynamic and chemical sensory cues at fine scales are fundamentally important to the life success of plankton populations and thus the overall health and vitality of nearshore marine ecosystems. We employed various tools from experimental fluid mechanics to create ecologically-relevant hydrodynamic and chemical conditions in a recirculating flume system for zooplankton behavioral assays. The goal was to quantify and correlate changes in zooplankton behavior with coincident sensory cues. A laminar, planar free jet (the Bickley jet) was used to create finescale, free she
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5

Lasley, Rachel Skye. "Risk and resources in the plankton: effects on copepod population growth and zooplankton community dynamics." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44864.

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The focus of my thesis research is on the interplay between individual behavior, population dynamics and community-level processes within zooplankton communities in coastal Maine. The target organisms of my thesis work are marine copepods. Copepods are small (1-10 mm) crustaceans that perform the essential ecosystem function of consuming and assimilating primary production (phytoplankton) making it available to higher trophic levels such as commercially important fishes. Therefore, copepod population growth is of critical importance to marine food webs. Fertilization limitation has been su
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6

Möller, Klas Ove [Verfasser], and John Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] St. "Impacts of trophodynamics and climate-induced habitat changes on zooplankton distribution and behavior: An optical sampling approach / Klas Ove Möller. Betreuer: Michael St. John." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1035503867/34.

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7

Hatchett, William. "The road toward sympatric speciation in whitefish. : The effects of divergent selection on European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) size and behavior, and effects on zooplankton communities." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-110741.

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For almost every organism there are large gaps in our knowledge about the processes that leads to speciation. The changes an organism undergoes before divergence has occurred have remained a mystery, as it is difficult to say whether or not a species is going to diverge and when. To investigate this unknown the European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) and the northern pike (Esox lucius) were studied, as they produce a repeatable and predictable pattern of speciation in sympatry. To investigate the changes in phenotypes and behaviour in whitefish that precedes divergence, two lake populations w
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8

Woods, Nicholas W. "Physical controls on copepod aggregations in the Gulf of Maine." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82309.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Physical Oceanography (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2013.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 297-213).<br>This thesis explores the role that the circulation in the Gulf of Maine (GOM) plays in determining the distribution of dense aggregations of copepods. These aggregations are an important part of the marine ecosystem, especially for endangered North Atlantic right whales. Certain ocean processes may g
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9

Penczykowski, Rachel M. "Interactions between ecosystems and disease in the plankton of freshwater lakes." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50368.

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I investigated effects of environmental change on disease, and effects of disease on ecosystems, using a freshwater zooplankton host and its fungal parasite. This research involved lake surveys, manipulative experiments, and mathematical models. My results indicate that ecosystem characteristics such as habitat structure, nutrient availability, and quality of a host’s resources (here, phytoplankton) can affect the spread of disease. For example, a survey of epidemics in lakes revealed direct and indirect links between habitat structure and epidemic size, where indirect connections were mediate
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10

McKee, Dermot. "The influence of temperature on some of the life history, behaviour and population characteristics of #Daphnia magna'." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283667.

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11

Liszka, Cecilia. "Zooplankton-mediated carbon flux in the Southern Ocean : influence of community structure, metabolism and behaviour." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2018. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/69977/.

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The biological carbon pump (BCP) exerts an important control on climate, exporting organic carbon from the ocean surface to interior. Zooplankton are a key component of the BCP and may enhance it through diel vertical migration (DVM) and faecal pellet production at depth. However, variability in these processes mean the zooplankton term is insufficiently constrained in global climate models. I investigated the role of zooplankton in the BCP at four locations in the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean (SO), combining observations, in situ experiments and modelling. I found that carbon flux is highly dep
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12

Sundelin, Anna. "Ecotoxicological effects on a food-web exposed to pharmaceuticals : Uptake and effects of oxazepam, fexofenadine and a mixture of both in algae, zooplankton and sticklebacks." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-105613.

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Complex mixtures of biologically active pharmaceutical residues continuously enter aquatic environments via wastewater, where it can affect species through preserved human drug targets or cause unexpected effects in non-target species. Benzodiazepines and antihistamines are two highly consumed groups of pharmaceuticals that have been shown to bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms and induce behavioural alterations affecting individual fitness. Few studies have investigated bioaccumulation and possible ecological effects of co-occurring pharmaceuticals in food-webs. The aim of this study was to:
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13

Holliland, Per B. "Trophic interactions and behaviour : Studies relevant to a Baltic Sea biomanipulation." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Systemekologiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-79075.

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The main theme of this thesis is the interactions of animals with the environment and each other. The thesis was written within the framework of a biomanipulation project “Pikeperch in Himmerfjärden”. With the aim to investigate possible trophic pit-falls, give the manipulation the best possible start, and find ways to monitor the progression of the manipulation. In Paper I the diet of the invader cladoceran Cercopagis pengoi is analysed with stable isotopes; conducted prior to stocking. C.pengoi has a preference for large copepods, indicating possible competition with fish. Paper II investiga
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14

Avois-Jacquet, Carol. "Variabilité spatiale multiéchelle du zooplancton dans un lagoon récifal côtier (Multiscale spatial variability of zooplankton in a coastal reef lagoon)." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001767.

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Variabilité spatiale multiéchelle du zooplancton dans un lagoon récifal côtier - L'identification des changements dans les patrons écologiques selon l'échelle spatiale et la compréhension des processus qui génèrent ces changements sont d'une importance considérable en océanographie. Dans ce contexte, comprendre comment une communauté biologique répond à l'hétérogénéité environnementale requiert la connaissance des processus impliqués et l'échelle spatiale à laquelle ils opèrent. Les relations spatiales entre la variabilité du zooplancton et l'hétérogénéité environnementale sont encore imprécis
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15

Buyukates, Yesim. "Characterization of the plankton community in the lower Rincon Delta: Investigations regarding new approaches to management." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1312.

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In light of increasing harmful algal blooms and the need to protect human health and aquatic resources, proactive management approaches merit further study. For this purpose I conducted field samplings to characterize plankton community composition and laboratory experiments to test some approaches to new management schemes in the lower Rincon Delta. On site measurements and microscopic analysis showed that environmental parameters and plankton community composition varied considerably among sampling stations and sampling dates. A recent modeling study suggested that manipulation of freshwater
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16

Leech, Dina Michelle. "Tolerance and behavioral responses of freshwater zooplankton to UV radiation /." Diss., 2001. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3010413.

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17

"Behavioral anti-predator defenses in the marine cladocerans Penilia avirostris, Pseudevadne tergestina and Pleopis polyphemoides in Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong." 2012. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5549054.

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瞭解浮游動物與它們的捕食者之間的相互作用對指導我們瞭解浮游生物群體結構形成的過程以及整個生態系統的食物網結構有著重要的作用。浮游動物的捕食者對它們的進化產生影響,同時還塑造了它們複雜的行為,其中之一便是引起它們的反攝食防禦行為。改變形態結構,生活史各參數和行為運動方式是浮游動物採取的三類最主要的可誘導防禦策略。在情況多變、動態的海洋環境中,魚類通常是主要的捕食者,反攝食行為方式對浮游動物來說特別重要,因為其他兩類防禦模式主要對口裂寬度有限制的無脊椎捕食者較為有效。<br>海洋枝角類是一組廣泛分佈的小型甲殼類動物,它們時常成為浮游動物群體中重要的一部分,在海洋食物網中扮演重要的角色。本論文對香港吐露港海域海洋枝角類的反攝食防禦行為進行了全面的研究,包括晝夜垂直遷移,水準遷移,晝夜生殖和攝食節律。這些反攝食行為應隨著物種的不同及環境的不同而發生變化。考慮到鳥喙尖嘴溞、肥胖三角溞和多形圓囊溞三種物種不同生理的結構和攝食機制,將它們的反攝食防禦行為進行比較能夠檢驗一些關於外在和內在因素對反攝食行為形成影響的假設。此項研究第一個要檢驗的假設是仙達蚤科(鳥喙尖嘴溞)和圓囊溞科(肥胖三角溞和多形圓囊溞)身體結構上的不同會造成它們的反攝食行為多樣化。另一個假設是每個物種的反攝食行為的表現會受到環境條件的影響。<br>在吐露港對海洋枝角類的晝夜垂直和水準遷移行為的研究表明:鳥喙尖嘴溞並不進行晝夜垂直
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18

d'Ambrosio, Mariaelena. "Ecology of gelatinous carnivores in the Mondego estuary: the role of siphonophores." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/79572.

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Tese de doutoramento em Biociências, no ramo de Ecologia, apresentada ao Departamento de Ciências da Vida da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra<br>Gelatinous carnivores’ zooplankton, commonly known as “jellyfish”, are ubiquitous organisms in neritic systems worldwide, with an important ecological role in the pelagic food chains. During the past several decades, their ever-increasing, mostly due to environmental perturbations and climate alterations, becoming a big concern for marine ecologists, due to the implications off their blooms on the zooplankton communities.
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19

Jokela, ANNELI MARIE. "Factors mediating the distribution and impact of the non-native invertebrate predator Bythotrephes longimanus." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/8080.

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Predicting the impacts of non-native species remains one of the greatest challenges to invasion ecologists. Because of their insularity, freshwater systems are particularly vulnerable to invasions, especially from non-native predators. The research in this thesis explores the role of abiotic and biotic factors in mediating the distribution and impact of Bythotrephes longimanus, a predatory cladoceran that has been introduced to freshwater systems in North America. Although the general impacts of this invasion have been documented, little is known about the factors that modulate them. Using a c
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