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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Zygodactyl

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Academic literature on the topic 'Zygodactyl'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Zygodactyl"

1

Botelho, João Francisco, Daniel Smith-Paredes, Daniel Nuñez-Leon, Sergio Soto-Acuña, and Alexander O. Vargas. "The developmental origin of zygodactyl feet and its possible loss in the evolution of Passeriformes." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1788 (2014): 20140765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0765.

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The zygodactyl orientation of toes (digits II and III pointing forwards, digits I and IV pointing backwards) evolved independently in different extant bird taxa. To understand the origin of this trait in modern birds, we investigated the development of the zygodactyl foot of the budgerigar (Psittaciformes). We compared its muscular development with that of the anisodactyl quail (Galliformes) and show that while the musculus abductor digiti IV (ABDIV) becomes strongly developed at HH36 in both species, the musculus extensor brevis digiti IV (EBDIV) degenerates and almost disappears only in the budgerigar. The asymmetric action of those muscles early in the development of the budgerigar foot causes retroversion of digit IV (dIV). Paralysed budgerigar embryos do not revert dIV and are anisodactyl. Both molecular phylogenetic analysis and palaeontological information suggest that the ancestor of passerines could have been zygodactyl. We followed the development of the zebra finch (Passeriformes) foot muscles and found that in this species, both the primordia of the ABDIV and of the EBDIV fail to develop. These data suggest that loss of asymmetric forces of muscular activity exerted on dIV, caused by the absence of the ABDIV, could have resulted in secondary anisodactyly in Passeriformes.

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2

Mayr, Gerald. "A new family of Eocene zygodactyl birds." Senckenbergiana lethaea 78, no. 1-2 (1998): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03042769.

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3

Lai, Anna Chiara, and Paola Loreti. "Self-similar control systems and applications to zygodactyl bird's foot." Networks and Heterogeneous Media 10, no. 2 (2015): 401–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/nhm.2015.10.401.

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4

Senthil, Pavan, Om Vishanagra, John Sparkman, Peter Smith, and Albert Manero. "Design and Assessment of Bird-Inspired 3D-Printed Models to Evaluate Grasp Mechanics." Biomimetics 9, no. 4 (2024): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics9040195.

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Adapting grasp-specialized biomechanical structures into current research with 3D-printed prostheses may improve robotic dexterity in grasping a wider variety of objects. Claw variations across various bird species lend biomechanical advantages for grasping motions related to perching, climbing, and hunting. Designs inspired by bird claws provide improvements beyond a human-inspired structure for specific grasping applications to offer a solution for mitigating a cause of the high rejection rate for upper-limb prostheses. This research focuses on the design and manufacturing of two robotic test devices with different toe arrangements. The first, anisodactyl (three toes at the front, one at the back), is commonly found in birds of prey such as falcons and hawks. The second, zygodactyl (two toes at the front, two at the back), is commonly found in climbing birds such as woodpeckers and parrots. The evaluation methods for these models included a qualitative variable-object grasp assessment. The results highlighted design features that suggest an improved grasp: a small and central palm, curved distal digit components, and a symmetrical digit arrangement. A quantitative grip force test demonstrated that the single digit, the anisodactyl claw, and the zygodactyl claw designs support loads up to 64.3 N, 86.1 N, and 74.1 N, respectively. These loads exceed the minimum mechanical load capabilities for prosthetic devices. The developed designs offer insights into how biomimicry can be harnessed to optimize the grasping functionality of upper-limb prostheses.

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5

Lockley, Martin G., Rihui Li, Jerald D. Harris, Masaki Matsukawa, and Mingwei Liu. "Earliest zygodactyl bird feet: evidence from Early Cretaceous roadrunner-like tracks." Naturwissenschaften 94, no. 8 (2007): 657–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-007-0239-x.

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6

Necas, Petr. "Nečas, P. (2020) Chameleodactyly: New term to describe the unique arrangement of digits in chameleons (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae). – Archaius 1 (1): 4 – 5." Archaius 1, no. 1 (2020): 4–5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3751185.

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7

Carril, Julieta, Claudio G. Barbeito, and Claudia P. Tambussi. "Making a parrot zygodactyl foot: Osteology and morphogenesis of the tarsometatarsus in the monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus)." Zoology 144 (February 2021): 125877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2020.125877.

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8

Mayr, Gerald. "A reassessment of Eocene parrotlike fossils indicates a previously undetected radiation of zygodactyl stem group representatives of passerines (Passeriformes)." Zoologica Scripta 44, no. 6 (2015): 587–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12128.

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9

Mayr, Gerald. "A partial skeleton of a new species of Tynskya Mayr, 2000 (Aves, Messelasturidae) from the London Clay highlights the osteological distinctness of a poorly known early Eocene “owl/parrot mosaic”." PalZ 95, no. 2 (2021): 337–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12542-020-00541-8.

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AbstractTynskya eocaena is an early Eocene bird with a raptor-like skull and semi-zygodactyl feet, whose description is based on a skeleton from the North American Green River Formation. In the present study, three-dimensionally preserved bones of a new species of Tynskya, T. waltonensis, are reported from the London Clay of Walton-on-the-Naze (Essex, UK). The fossils belong to a single individual and provide new insights into the skeletal morphology of messelasturids. In particular, they reveal unusual vertebral specializations, with the cervical vertebrae having concave rather than saddle-shaped caudal articulation facets and the caudalmost thoracic vertebra being platycoelous (flat articular surfaces). The very deep mandible and a derived morphology of the ungual phalanges support a sister group relationship between Tynskya and the taxon Messelastur (Messelasturidae). Phylogenetic analyses of an emended data matrix did not conclusively resolve the higher-level affinities of messelasturids and the closely related halcyornithids, with both taxa sharing derived characters with only distantly related extant taxa (Accipitriformes, Strigiformes, Falconiformes, and Psittaciformes). An analysis that was constrained to a molecular scaffold, however, recovered messelasturids as the sister taxon of a clade including psittaciform and passeriform birds. The derived morphologies of the mandible and cervical vertebrae suggest specialized feeding adaptations of Tynskya, and messelasturids may have exploited a feeding niche, which is no longer available to extant birds.

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10

J, Violet Beaulah, P. Sridevi, K. S. Ravali, P. Dharani, S. Rajathi, and T. A. Kannan. "Hindlimb Skeletal Structure of the Green-winged Macaw: An Anatomical Study." UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 45, no. 10 (2024): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2024/v45i104042.

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In birds, the forelimb bones undergo modification to facilitate muscle attachment for flight, enabling the movement of wings up and down. Conversely, hindlimb bones primarily support walking and perching functions, necessitating evolutionary adaptations in their structure. Therefore, this study aims to document the gross anatomical features of hind limb bones in Green-winged Macaws, including the femur, tibio-tarsus, tarsometatarsus, and digits. The bones were sourced from six Green-winged Macaw carcasses undergoing post-mortem examination at the Department of Veterinary Pathology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai. Preparation was conducted using the wet maceration technique. In the femur, the proximal end displayed a large, well-defined spherical head medially, accompanied by a small depression called the fovea capitis, and a distinct neck. The tibio-tarsus exhibited a small roughened area on its lateral border for fibula attachment, with a larger medial and smaller lateral condyle at the proximal extremity, along with a linear cinemal crest along the medial border. The fibula's distal extremity tapered into a free point, articulating at the caudolateral aspect of the tarsometatarsus. The tarsometatarsus displayed fused distal tarsals with metatarsals II, III, and IV, while Metatarsus I remained a separate bone, forming the base of the first toe. The proximal extremity of the tarsometatarsus featured two large concave articular facets for condyles from the distal extremity of the tibio-tarsus, and a facet for the distal end of the fibula caudolaterally. The Macaw's hind limb consisted of four digits, forming a zygodactyl foot arrangement.

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Book chapters on the topic "Zygodactyl"

1

"zygodactyl, adj. & n." In Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oed/3477187280.

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2

Payne, Robert B. "Morphology." In The Cuckoos. Oxford University PressOxford, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198502135.003.0004.

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Abstract Cuckoos have a zygodactyl foot with two toes of each foot (numbers 1—the inner toe or hallux of most birds—and 4, the outermost toe) directed backward, and the other two toes (numbers 2 and 3) directed forward. Most cuckoos have a long tail. Cuckoos have 10 primaries and 10 rectrices (eight in the anis); the plumage has no aftershaft; the oil gland is naked, and in most species the nestlings have no downy feathers (Nitzsch 1867). Several other morphological features occur in cuckoos that are generally not present in other birds, and a few of these features occur only in the cuckoos. The most distinctive charactereristics are in the skeleton in details of the tarsometatarsal bone (two enclosed canals side by side in the hypotarsus, and a charac teristic shape of the accessory process or sehnenhalter on trochlea IV of the distal tarsometatarsus), and in the shape of the humerus and its deltoid crest.

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3

Browna, Joseph W., and David P. Mindell. "Owls (Strigiformes)." In The Timetree of Life. Oxford University PressOxford, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199535033.003.0066.

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Abstract Owls (Order Strigiformes) are grouped into two cosmopolitan families: the species-rich Strigidae (typical owls, 187 species; Fig. 1) and the relatively depauperate Tytonidae (barn owls and bay owls, 15 species). Owls are broadly characterized by adaptations to predation (strong zygodactyl feet, raptorial bill and talons, and soJ-fringed edges of some Pight feathers enabling quiet Pight) and adaptations to a predominantly nocturnal or crepuscular lifestyle (large eyes and highly developed auditory system, facilitated by feathers arranged in a distinctive “facial disc”). Here, we review the relationships and divergence times of the strigiform families. Owls form a morphologically homogeneous group that is easily distinguishable from other avian orders. Since the earliest classifications there has been no question that owls form a natural group (1). Recent studies of DNA–DNA hybridization data (1), mitochondrial (mt) (2), nuclear (2–4), and combined (2) DNA sequences, and morphology (5–7) support the monophyletic status of this large avian order. Equally supported is the division of owls into two families, Arst identified 160 years ago (8). In addition to the character data establishing monophyly of each family, karyological (9), allozyme (10), and mtDNA restriction fragment (11) data reveal a deep split between the two families.

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