Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Participation in activity of daily living"
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1
Sposito, Giovana 1981. "Engajamento em atividades avançadas de vida diária e o desempenho cognitivo em idosos da comunidade = estudo FIBRA-Unicamp = Engagement in advanced activities of daily living and cognitive performance in older adults: FIBRA Study-Unicamp". [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312941.
Resumo:
Orientador: Mônica Sanches YassudaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T17:29:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sposito_Giovana_D.pdf: 2581166 bytes, checksum: 5b2db24cb3b900af8525ab613c018eca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Resumo: Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as associações entre o engajamento em atividades avançadas de vida diária (AAVD) e o desempenho cognitivo em idosos da comunidade. Os dados foram extraídos do estudo de base populacional, intitulado Fragilidade em Idosos Brasileiros (FIBRA-Unicamp). A amostra foi composta por 2.549 idosos sem comprometimento cognitivo sugestivo de demência, sendo 65,71% mulheres, com idade média de 72,32 anos (±5,55) e escolaridade de 4,37 anos (±3,99). Foram coletadas informações sobre características sociodemográficas (gênero, idade, escolaridade e renda familiar) e condições de saúde (número de doenças relatadas e sintomas depressivos). As AAVD autorrelatadas foram agrupadas em físicas, sociais e intelectuais. O desempenho cognitivo foi avaliado pelo Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM), considerando a pontuação global e os domínios de orientação, memória, atenção e cálculo, linguagem e praxia construtiva. Os escores médios do MEEM foram significativamente maiores entre os homens, os indivíduos mais jovens e aqueles que tinham maior escolaridade, maior renda, menos doenças relatadas e não apresentavam sintomas depressivos. As análises de regressão linear multivariada e análise de regressão hierárquica realizada em blocos (variáveis sociodemográficas, condições de saúde e AAVD físicas, sociais e intelectuais) mostraram que o engajamento em AAVD intelectuais foram associados positivamente com o escore total do MEEM (p=<0,01, R2=0,014 e p=<0,01, R2=0,013 respectivamente). Em relação aos domínios cognitivos, embora modesta, a análise de regressão multivariada mostrou associação entre as AAVDs intelectuais e os domínios de orientação, atenção/ cálculo, linguagem e praxia construtiva (p=0,017, R2=0,005; p=<0,042, R2=0,008; p=<0,001, R2=0,021 e p=<0,001, R2=0,021 respectivamente). As AAVD sociais se associaram aos domínios de memória (p=0,024, R2=0,002) e linguagem (p=0,023, R2=0.004). Não houve associação entre o engajamento em AAVD físicas e o desempenho cognitivo. Anos de escolaridade e maior renda familiar foram as variáveis que se associaram de forma mais robusta ao escore total do MEEM e seus domínios (com exceção apenas entre renda familiar e memória). Os resultados sugerem que o engajamento em AAVD sociais e intelectuais podem ter um papel protetor no envelhecimento cognitivo e que o engajamento em AAVD pode representar uma estratégia viável para a promoção da saúde mental entre os idosos
Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the engagement in advanced activities of daily living (AADL) and cognitive performance in community-dwelling seniors. The data presented is drawn from the population-based study Frailty Profile of Elderly Brazilians (FIBRA-Unicamp). The sample comprised 2.549 older adults without cognitive impairment suggestive of dementia, and 65.71% females, mean age of 72.32 years (±5.55) and education of 4.37 years (±3.99). Information on sociodemographic characteristics were collected (gender, age, education and family income) and health conditions (number of diseases and depressive symptoms). The self-reported AADL were grouped into physical, social and intellectual. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), considering the global score and guidance fields, memory, attention and calculation, language and constructive praxis. The mean scores of MMEE were significantly higher among men, younger individuals and those who had more education, higher income, less related diseases and had no depressive symptoms. The analysis of multivariate linear regression and hierarchical regression analysis performed in blocks (sociodemographic variables, health and physical, social and intellectual AADL) have shown that engaging in intellectual AADL were positively associated with total MMSE score (p=<0.01, R2=0.014 and p=<0.01, R2=0.013 respectively). Regarding cognitive domains, though modest, multivariate regression analysis showed an association between the intellectual AADL and guidance fields, attention / calculation, language and constructive praxis (p=0.017, R2=0.005; p=<0.042, R2=0.008; p=<0.001, R2=0.021 e p=<0.001, R2=0.021 respectively). Social AADL joined the domains of memory (p=0.024, R2=0.002) e language (p=0,023, R2=0.004). There was no association between engaging in vigorous physical AADL and cognitive performance. Years of education and family income were the variables associated more robustly to the total MMSE score and your domains (except only between family income and memory). The results suggest that engagement in social and intellectual AADL may have a protective role in cognitive aging and engaging in AADL may represent a viable strategy for promoting mental health among the elderly
Doutorado
Gerontologia
Doutora em Gerontologia
2
Masovic, Sanela. "Äldre personers erfarenheter kring användning av digital teknik samt dess betydelse för deras delaktighet i vardagen : Metasyntes". Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, lärande och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-85672.
Resumo:
Syftet med denna studie var att syntetisera äldre personers erfarenheter kring användning av digital teknik samt dess betydelse för äldres delaktighet i vardagen. Studien är en metasyntes som utfördes genom en systematisk sökning av kvalitativ vetenskaplig litteratur och dess analys. Litteratursökningen genomfördes i fyra databaser och resulterade i 12 vetenskapliga artiklar som ingick i studien. Dataanalysen inleddes med en kvalitetsgranskning av artiklarna och avslutades med en syntes av datan som svarade på studiens syfte. Syntetisering ledde till 34 första nivåns teman samt tre andra nivåns teman; 1. Upplevd nytta och viljan av att använda digital teknik i äldres vardag. 2. Teknikens påverkan ger känsla av gemenskap och ökat stöd för delaktighet. 3. Upplevd begränsning och bristande vilja av användning av digital teknik. Andra nivåns teman lyftes upp och resulterade i två tredje nivåns teman; 1. Äldre entusiaster omfamnar teknikens möjligheter för känslan av trygghet och delaktighet i vardagen trots utmaningar kring dess användning. 2. Upplevelse av egna existensen i livet utanför teknikens värld och hinder för eller möjligheter till delaktighet i ett digitalt samhälle. Resultatet påvisade varierande erfarenheter av användning av digital teknik. Äldre personer lyfte upp stora möjligheter att engagera sig i samt att klara vissa vardagliga aktiviteter med hjälp av digital teknik. Positiva erfarenheter som dominerade i studierna var äldres möjlighet att kommunicera med vårdgivare och myndigheter samt att vara delaktig i sociala liv. Utöver detta visade sig att vissa äldre ansåg att digital teknik var onödig i deras liv, vilket berodde på brist på intresse eller svårigheter att hantera den. Att inte kunna eller att inte vilja hantera digital teknik har lett till upplevelse av utanförskap och minskad delaktighet i samhället.The purpose of this study was to synthesize older people's experiences of using digital technology and its significance in their participation in everyday life. The study is a Meta-synthesis that was performed through a systematic search of qualitative scientific literature and it’s analysis. The literature search was conducted in four databases and resulted in twelve scientific articles that were included in the study. The data analysis began with a quality review of the articles and ended with a synthesis of the data that answered the purpose of the study. The synthesis led to 34 first-level themes as well as three second-level themes; 1. Perceived benefit and willingness to use digital technology in the everyday lives of the elderly, 2. The impact of technology provides a sense of community and increased support for participation, 3. Perceived limitation and unwillingness to use digital technology. Second level themes were highlighted and resulted in two third level themes; Older enthusiasts embrace the possibilities of technology for the feeling of security and participation in everyday life, despite the challenges surrounding its use. 2. Experience of one's own existence in life outside the world of technology and obstacles or opportunity to participate in a digital society. The results demonstrated varying experiences of using digital technology. Older people highlighted great opportunities to get involved in and to manage certain everyday activities with the help of digital technology. Despite functional limitations and physical barriers, there is potential to perform errands digitally. Positive experiences that dominated the studies were elderly's opportunity to communicate with healthcare providers and agencies but also opportunity to participation in their social life. In addition to this, it turned out that some older people felt that digital technology was unnecessary in their lives, which was due to lack of interest or difficulties in dealing with it. Not being able or unwilling to handle digital technology has led to the experience of exclusion and reduced participation in society.
3
Wimmer, Jodi B. "Validation of Activity Trackers in a Daily Living Setting in Young Adults". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8652.
Resumo:
Sedentary behavior (SB) contributes to many negative health-related outcomes. Motivation to reduce SB and increase physical activity (PA) are necessary to reduce co-morbidities. Tracking SB and PA provides objective data to help promote wellness. The purposes of this quasi-experimental study were to 1) determine the accuracy of three commercially available activity trackers compared to research-grade accelerometers, and 2) explore whether using these activity trackers led to a change in activity level one week after gathering baseline data. Activity trackers used in this study were Apple Watch, Fitbit Surge, and Microsoft Band 2. A convenience sample of college-age students and community members wore the research-grade ActiGraph 3GTX+ accelerometer on the non-dominant wrist for one week. Participants returned and the activity tracker was added to the non-dominant wrist with the ActiGraph 3GTX+ for another week. All activity trackers significantly differed from the ActiGraph accelerometers. Fitbit Surge had a significant regression equation that could adjust for this difference, but not Apple Watch or Microsoft Band 2. Participants had below average sedentary time, exhibiting 288.4 min/day (SD 100.7) of SB. They also surpassed United States PA standards, averaging 130.3 (SD 48.8) min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Few significant changes in activity level transpired between week 1 and week 2. In a group that already has low SB and high PA, activity trackers do not seem to make an impact on activity levels. Further testing is required to determine if activity trackers are motivating to reduce SB and increase PA in groups with different activity profiles.
4
Garg, Shobhit. "Daily Activity Monitoring and Health Assessment of the Elderly using Smappee". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1480328873499744.
5
Li, Yunjie. "Applying Data Mining Techniques on Continuous Sensed Data : For daily living activity recognition". Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informations- och kommunikationssystem, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-23424.
Resumo:
Nowadays, with the rapid development of the Internet of Things, the applicationfield of wearable sensors has been continuously expanded and extended, especiallyin the areas of remote electronic medical treatment, smart homes ect. Human dailyactivities recognition based on the sensing data is one of the challenges. With avariety of data mining techniques, the activities can be automatically recognized. Butdue to the diversity and the complexity of the sensor data, not every kind of datamining technique can performed very easily, until after a systematic analysis andimprovement. In this thesis, several data mining techniques were involved in theanalysis of a continuous sensing dataset in order to achieve the objective of humandaily activities recognition. This work studied several data mining techniques andfocuses on three of them; Decision Tree, Naive Bayes and neural network, analyzedand compared these techniques according to the classification results. The paper alsoproposed some improvements to the data mining techniques according to thespecific dataset. The comparison of the three classification results showed that eachclassifier has its own limitations and advantages. The proposed idea of combing theDecision Tree model with the neural network model significantly increased theclassification accuracy in this experiment.
6
Delaguila, Michael Anthony. "Assessment of physical activity in patients with diabetes /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10935.
7
Phillips, Jennifer Ann. "Time trends in overall daily physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk factors by organized physical activity participation in adolescent girls". College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9898.
Resumo:
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.Thesis research directed by: Dept of Kinesiology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
8
Larsson, Lund Maria. "Living with physical disability : experiences of the rehabilitation process, occupations and participation in everyday life". Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-317.
9
Bisca, Gianna Kelren Waldrich. "Mínima mudança detectável na escala London Chest Activity of Daily Living em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica". Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, 2013. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000189118.
Resumo:
Introdução: Dispneia e fadiga resultam em limitação na capacidade para realizar atividades de vida diária (AVD) em pacientes com Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC). Questionários e escalas foram desenvolvidos para avaliar essas limitações nas AVD e, dentre estes instrumentos, destaca-se a escala London Chest Activity of Daily Living (LCADL). Porém, ainda não está definido um valor de mínima mudança detectável (MMD) para esta escala. Objetivo: Determinar o valor de MMD no estado funcional de pacientes com DPOC, por meio da escala LCADL, após um programa de treinamento físico. Métodos: Quarenta pacientes portadores de DPOC (20 homens; 66±7 anos; VEF1 44±16%pred) foram submetidos a um programa de treinamento físico de alta intensidade durante três meses (3x/semana). Antes e após o protocolo, os participantes responderam por meio de entrevista, ao questionário LCADL e ao Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). A fim de calcular a MMD, utilizou-se o standard error of measurement e o effect size (métodos distribution-based). Resultados: Após o protocolo, houve melhora nos domínios cuidado pessoal, doméstico, lazer e pontuação total do LCADL, além de forte tendência de melhora no domínio atividade física. MMDs estimadas para o LCADL foram 0,89; 2,60; 0,44; 0,58 e 3,88 para os domínios cuidado pessoal, doméstico, atividade física, lazer e pontuação total, respectivamente. Correlações entre mudanças no LCADL e SGRQ foram fracas (r<0,40 para todos). Conclusão: Este estudo determinou MMDs para os domínios e pontuação total do LCADL. Uma mudança de quatro pontos na pontuação total da escala LCADL pode ser interpretada como significativa.Background: Dyspnea and fatigue frequently impair the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Questionnaires and scales have been used to assess limitations in ADL; among them, the London Chest Activity of Daily Living (LCADL) scale is responsive to intervention to a higher extent when compared to other tools. However, the Minimal Detectable Change (MDC) for this scale remains unknown. Objective: To determine the MDC for functional status improvement measured by the LCADL scale in patients with COPD. Methods: Forty patients with COPD (20 male, 66±7 years, FEV1 44±16% predicted) participated in a 3-month high-intensity exercise training program (3x/week). Before and after the protocol, participants responded to the LCADL scale and the Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). In order to calculate the MDC, we used the standard error of measurement and the effect size (distribution-based estimates). Results: There was improvement in the LCADL self-care, domestic and leisure domains and in the total score after the training program, besides a strong trend for improvement in the physical activity domain The MDC estimated for the LCADL were 0.89, 2.60, 0.44, 0.58 and 3.88 points for self-care, domestic, physical and leisure domains and total score, respectively. Correlations between changes in LCADL and in SGRQ were weak (r<0.40 for all). Conclusion: This study provided the MDC for the domains and total score of the LCADL. A change of 4 points in the total score of the LCADL can be interpreted as a meaningful change.
10
Patrick, Marsha B. "Effectiveness of community-based physical activity programs for older adults /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5412.
11
Norrström, Annika, e Cecilia Weslien. "Äldres vardag i hemmiljö i ett aktivitetsperspektiv : En litteraturstudie om betydelse av tillgänglighet och uppfattning av delaktighet". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-150644.
Resumo:
Purpose: From an activity-perspective examine the meaning of housing accessibility and older persons´ perception of participation. Method: Systematic literature review of articles searched in the databases, Medline, Pubmed, Ahmed, Cinahl, Scopus and Google Scholar. Search on individual keywords, and in various combinations of the words home environment, home modification, occupational therapy, aging, accessibility and participation. Nine scientific articles were examined. Results: The articles were published between 2005 and 2009. Housing accessibility is important for a better well-being and independence in daily activities of elderly persons. Older persons´ participation and perceived satisfaction with participation, become lower with reduced ability to perform daily activities. Conclusion: Interventions designed to increase accessibility in the home environment may be important for older persons´ well-being. Interventions should be preceded by careful assessment of what is important for the individual as older persons´ perception of participation are individual and change over time.Further knowledge on this subject is needed, particularly studies with participants in very old age and poor health.
12
Flantua, Elise. "Applications to enhance participation in everyday life for children/adolescents with ID and ASD : A systematic literature review". Thesis, Jönköping University, HLK, CHILD, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53663.
13
Einarsson, Ulrika. "People with multiple sclerosis in Stockholm - aspects of motor and cognitive function, activities of daily living and social/lifestyle activities /". Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-613-1/.
14
Horgen, Christopher. "En svensk version av I-HOPE : En undersökning om hur personer över 65 år i ordinärt boende upplever aktivitetskorten i bedömningsinstrumentet I-HOPE utifrån svenska förhållanden". Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Hälsa och rehabilitering, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-63747.
Resumo:
I–HOPE is an instrument that can be used to examine person–environment fit in the home. The instrument is developed in the United States and involves forty-four activity cards that are to be sorted by the client to address the activities that are problematic in his/her everyday life. The purpose of this study was to examine if the activity cards would fit in a Swedish context, and if other activities needed to be added, to match every day activities of people, 65 years and older, living in ordinary homes in Sweden. A survey was distributed to twenty-one participants age 65 and older. This survey was conducted in a project with Luleå University of Technology and the University of Gothenburg, that aims to adapt I-HOPE to be applicable in Sweden. Results show that nineteen of the forty-four activity cards were identified by all the participants. Further, eighteen more cards were identified by the majority of the participants. The seven activity cards that were not identified, or were done in a different way than what the picture showed, contained multiple activities that were categorized into one, compared to the ones that were identified. Additionally, the participants identified two more activities, that they felt, the instrument lacked. These results conclude that I-HOPE contains some valid activities, but needs to be adapted further, to fit a Swedish context, and to work as an occupational instrument for elders, ageing in place.
15
Crabb, Jennifer A. "Physical activity maintenance trends, predictors, and cardiovascular outcomes /". Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2006. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2009r/crabb.pdf.
16
Crabb, Brooke Evangeline. "Perceptions of the transition to assisted living as a function of psychological well-being, instrumental activities of daily living, and coping: A prospective study". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2439.
Resumo:
This study examined the influence of three predictor variables on perceptions of assisted living: psychological well-being, functional status, and coping strategies. A multiple regression analysis was used to examine the influence of these factors on perceptions of the transition to assisted living.
17
Chan, Wai-ping Ivy, e 陳慧萍. "The effect of cognitive function and depressive mood on the activity of daily living and quality of life in Chinese patients withAlzheimer's disease". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31971490.
18
Eriksson, Gunilla. "Occupational gaps after acquired brain injury : an exploration of participation in everyday occupations and the relation to life satisfaction /". Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-422-8/.
19
Larsson, Eva-Lena. "Pre- and postoperative evaluation of function and activity in patients with paralytic scoliosis". Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Univ, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-5236.
20
Chan, Wai-ping Ivy. "The effect of cognitive function and depressive mood on the activity of daily living and quality of life in Chinese patients with Alzheimer's disease". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31971490.
21
Caneppele, Maria Cristina Garcia de Lima. "Capacidade funcional e qualidade de vida de indivíduos idosos de Porto Alegre". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/13580.
Resumo:
Fundamento: O crescimento da população idosa é um fenômeno mundial. O envelhecimento aumenta o risco para a ocorrência de doenças crônicas que resultam em graus variáveis de perda da independência funcional. A elevação da idade também pode acarretar a redução da independência funcional, tornando os idosos dependentes para a realização de atividades da vida diária (AVDs) e atividades instrumentais da vida diária (AIVDs). Objetivos: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a capacidade funcional, determinando a prevalência de independência funcional e as características associadas em indivíduos idosos, em uma amostra representativa de Porto Alegre, RS, bem como identificar sua associação com qualidade de vida. Essa pesquisa é um dos braços do estudo da Síndrome de Obesidade e Fatores de Risco – SOFT. Participantes e Métodos: Nesse estudo transversal, de base populacional, de indivíduos idosos com 60 e 90 anos, selecionados através de amostragem por estágios múltiplos de conglomerados, em 106 dos 2157 setores censitários de Porto Alegre. Em entrevistas domiciliares aplicou-se um questionário padronizado, para investigar características socioeconômicas, demográficas, hábitos de vida, fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular, além do índice de independência nas atividades de vida diária, desenvolvido por Katz, em1969, e a escala de independência nas atividades instrumentais da vida diária, criado por Lawton e Brody, em 1983, assim como o questionário de qualidade de vida Short Form-12 (Ware,1994). Utilizou-se o módulo Complex Samples, do SPSS, para as análises dos dados, a fim de ajustar para o efeito da amostragem. Testaram-se diferenças entre proporções utilizando-se o teste do quiquadrado de Pearson, ao analisarem-se as prevalências; análise de variância ou co-variância para compararem-se médias, e análise de regressão logística múltipla, para cálculo da odds ratio e intervalo de confiança de 95%. As análises foram para um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A média de idade foi semelhante entre homens e mulheres idosos, e a distribuição de idade e sexo foi similar à do censo do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Além de maior escolaridade (8,8 vs. 6,6 anos), os homens referiram estar casados mais freqüentemente (75,7%) do que as mulheres (31,9%), as quais eram predominantemente viúvas ou separadas e residiam sozinhas em maior proporção. Com exceção de cor da pele e de residir sozinho, as demais características associaram-se significativamente com a idade. Identificou-se uma relação inversa entre idade e escolaridade e com o estar casado ou residir com companheiro, e uma associação direta com aposentadoria, separação ou viuvez e o uso de dispositivos para andar. Associação direta e independente de idade e sexo foi observada entre escolaridade e independência para realizar as atividades instrumentais, mas não para as atividades da vida diária. A prática de atividade física regular foi preditora de independência funcional nas AVDs e nas AIVDs. Esse estudo verificou tendência a maior independência entre os homens para o total de domínios das AVDs (94% vs. 89%; p=0,09), assim como das AIVDs (94% vs. 88%; p=0,04). Nos homens, observou-se a redução da independência funcional para realizar a maior parte das AVDs e AIVDs com o avançar da idade. Entre as mulheres, destaca-se, a redução da independência funcional com a idade em todas as atividades, exceto usar o telefone. O sexo masculino esteve associado, independentemente da idade, a maiores escores dos componentes físico e mental da qualidade de vida. A idade associou-se inversamente com o componente físico, enquanto a escolaridade o fez de maneira direta. Entretanto, nenhuma dessas características mostrou relação com o componente mental. Ser ativo fisicamente e possuir menor número de condições crônicas se associaram tanto ao escore do componente físico quanto mental, de maneira fortemente significativa. Conclusão: Os indivíduos idosos investigados no Estudo SOFT, representam a população idosa de Porto Alegre. As diferenças entre homens e mulheres idosos incluem características socioeconômicas, hábitos de vida e independência funcional. Os homens apresentam maior qualidade de vida do que as mulheres, independentemente da idade.Background: The growth of the elderly population is a worldwide phenomenon. The elderly have chronic diseases that lead to various degrees of incapacity, which increases with age and makes them dependent in their activities of the daily living (ADLs), and in the instrumental activities of the daily living (IADLs). Objectives: the objective of the present study was to assess the functional capacity, verifing the prevalence of functional independence in a representative sample from southern Brazil, as well as to identify its association with life quality. The present research is one of the subprojects of the study of Syndrome of Obesity and Risk Fators (SOFT). Participants and methods: This cross-sectional population-based study of elderly individuals, aged 60 to 90 years old, was selected through a multistage probability sample including participants from 106, out of 2157, census sectors of Porto Alegre. A standard questionnaire was applied in the household in order to investigate socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, life habits, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, as well as the Index of Independence in the activities of the daily living, developed by Katz (1969) and the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale created by Lawton and Brody (1983). The questionnaire Short Form-12 of quality of life (Ware, 1996) was also administered. Complex Samples module of SPSS was used for data analysis in order to take into account the design effect. The differences between proportions were tested by Pearson’s chi-square test; the variance and covariance analyses were used to compare the averages and the multiple logistic regression analysis to calculate the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Results: the age average was similar between elderly man and women, and the sex and age distribution was similar to the one of the census of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Besides higher scholarity (8,8 vs. 6,6 years), men referred to being married more frequently (75,7%) than women (31,9%), which were mainly widows or were separated and residing alone more often than men. Except for the color of the skin and the fact of residing alone or not, all the researched characteristics were significantly associated with age. An inverse relationship between age and scholarity and between age and being married or residing with a companion was identified, as well as a direct relationship between age and being retired, being separated or a widow, and needing a walking assistance device. Also, it was observed a direct relationship, regardless of age and sex, between scholarity and independence to perform instrumental activities of the daily living, not however, to the activities of daily living. The practice of regular physical activity was a predicting factor for functional independence in both ADLs and IADLs. This study verified a larger tendency for independence among men for the total of the ADLs (94% vs. 89% for women; p=0,09) and IADLs(94% vs. 88% for women; p=0,04) domains. The reduction of functional independence with age among men was observed in most of the ADLs and IADLs. Among women there was a reduction of functional independence in every activity, except the use of the telephone. The masculine sex was associated, regardless of age, to higher scores on the physical and mental components of quality of life. Age associated inversely with the physical component, while scholarity made it directly, but none of those characteristics showed any relationship with the mental component. Being physically active and possessing a lower number of chronic diseases associated significantly with both mental and physical scores. Conclusion: the elderly individuals investigated in the SOFT study are representative of the elderly population of Porto Alegre. The differences between elderly man and women include: socio-economical characteristics, life habits and functional independence. Men present a higher quality of life than women regardless of age.
22
McCeney, Melissa Kay. "Biobehavioral triggers of cardiac arrhythmia during daily life : the role of emotion, physical activity, and heart rate variability /". Download the dissertation in PDF, 2004. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/McCeney2004.pdf.
23
Sommerfeld, Disa. "Body function and activity after acute stroke : physiotherapy perspectives /". Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-828-9/.
24
Mokhlespour, Esfahani Mohammad Iman. "Development and Assessment of Smart Textile Systems for Human Activity Classification". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97249.
Resumo:
Wearable sensors and systems have become increasingly popular for diverse applications. An emerging technology for physical activity assessment is Smart Textile Systems (STSs), comprised of sensitive/actuating fiber, yarn, or fabric that can sense an external stimulus. All required components of an STS (sensors, electronics, energy supply, etc.) can be conveniently embedded into a garment, providing a fully textile-based system. Thus, STSs have clear potential utility for measuring health-relevant aspects of human activity, and to do so passively and continuously in diverse environments. For these reasons, STSs have received increasing interest in recent studies. Despite this, however, limited evidence exists to support the implementation of STSs during diverse applications.
Our long-term goal was to assess the feasibility and accuracy of using an STS to monitor human activities. Our immediate objective was to investigate the accuracy of an STS in three representative applications with respect to occupational scenarios, healthcare, and activities of daily living. A particular STS was examined, consisting of a smart socks (SSs), using textile pressure sensors, and smart undershirt (SUS), using textile strain sensors. We also explored the relative merits of these two approaches, separately and in combination. Thus, five studies were completed to design and evaluate the usability of the smart undershirt, and investigate the accuracy of implementing an STS in the noted applications. Input from the SUS led to planar angle estimations with errors on the order of 1.3 and 9.4 degrees for the low-back and shoulder, respectively. Overall, individuals preferred wearing a smart textile system over an IMU system and indicated the former as superior in several aspects of usability. In particular, the short-sleeved T-shirt was the most preferred garments for an STS. Results also indicated that the smart shirt and smart socks, both individually and in combination, could detect occupational tasks, abnormal and normal gaits, and activities of daily living with greater than 97% accuracy.
Based on our findings, we hope to facilitate future work that more effectively quantifies sedentary periods that may be deleterious to human health, as well as detect activity types that may be help or hinder health and fitness. Such information may be of use to individuals and workers, healthcare providers, and ergonomists. More specifically, further analyses from this investigation could provide strategies for: (a) modifying a sedentary lifestyle or work scenario to a more active one, and (b) helping to more accurately identify occupational injury risk factors associated with human movement.PHD
25
Wressle, Ewa. "Client participation in the rehabilitation process". Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Univ, 2002. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/med722s.pdf.
26
Roberts, Amy Restorick. "A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL ENGAGEMENTON QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG OLDER ADULTS LIVING IN SENIOR HOUSING". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1374677674.
27
Sulin, Jennifer P. "Psychometric measurement of physical performance in older adults". Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08292008-063609/.
28
Metcalfe-Bliss, Caitlin. "Feelings of inclusion and community activities : A study into the feelings of social inclusion and sense of belonging for migrants living in Sweden". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-182383.
Resumo:
With increasing migration over the last few decades, over 20% of Sweden’s inhabitant are now foreign-born (Krzyżanowski, 2018). A policy shift stemming from the 2015 European migrant crisis (Hagelund, 2020) led to a decentring of integration management from national immigration policy to the local level (Scholten and Penninx, 2016). Subsequently, community level actors have become increasingly active developing their own integration philosophies and implementing these locally. Health and well-being activities curated by the non-governmental organisation Hej Främling seek to improve local inclusion for migrants and newly arrived persons to Sweden. Using these activities as a launching point, this study draws upon perceptions from 17 migrants participating in Hej Främling to examine their feelings of inclusion and sense of belonging across space and place and activities. Results show activity participation both within Hej Främling and across Swedish society more broadly has a positive influence on migrants’ sense of inclusion, in particular through the facilitation of shared spaces of experience, where migrants from diverse backgrounds can come together over a shared interest and build upon their social networks. Concept-mapping was used as a conceptual framework to illuminate the core components of inclusion, how they interlink and contribute to further conceptualisation. This study identifies four key insights for local inclusion: 1) the value of shared experiences in creating inclusion 2) the perceived socio-cultural barriers to inclusion 3) activity space as environments for intercultural encounters and 4) the facilitative role of community organisations in creating inclusion and promoting integration.
29
Liedberg, Gunilla. "Women with fibromyalgia : Employment and daily life". Doctoral thesis, Linköping, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-5184.
30
Johansson, Ulla. "Long-term outcome after brain injury with a focus on return to work, life satisfaction and participation". Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-375.
31
Ferreira, Maria Dilailça Trigueiro de Oliveira. "Efeitos da atividade física nas atividades da vida diária em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson /". Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87370.
Resumo:
Orientador: Lilian Teresa Bucken GobbiBanca: Maria Elisa Pimentel Piemonte
Banca: Henrique Luiz Monteiro
Resumo: A doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma doença crônica e progressiva do SNC caracterizada pela perda progressiva (regional), acima de 60%, dos neurônios dopaminérgicos, que acomete principalmente o sistema motor. A perda desses neurônios acarreta diminuição progressiva da dopamina, ocasionando o surgimento dos principais sinais/sintomas que são: tremor de repouso, bradicinesia, rigidez muscular e instabilidade postural. Esses sinais/sintomas podem diminuir a capacidade de indivíduos com DP em movimentar-se normal e independentemente, alterando sua qualidade de vida. A atividade física tem se mostrado essencial para prevenir e reabilitar problemas de saúde e até proteger contra a perda das células neuronais. Para tanto, foram realizados 2 estudos. O Estudo 1 pretendeu observar os efeitos de uma programa de atividade física generalizada (PAFG) na mobilidade funcional na realização das AVDs de indivíduos em estágios iniciais da DP. Vinte e um indivíduos com DP em estágios de 1 a 2 da escala da Hoehn e Yahr iniciaram o treinamento e somente doze indivíduos com DP (65,92 ± 7 anos) foram reavaliados. O Estudo 2 verificou os efeitos de um programa de exercícios de manutenção (PEM) na mobilidade funcional na realização das AVDs de indivíduos em estágios mais avançados da DP. Dez indivíduos com DP em estágios de 1 a 3 da escala da Hoehn e Yahr iniciaram as atividades e somente oito (71,13 ± 8 anos) foram reavaliados. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis para ambos os estudos: 1) variáveis de controle: clínicas, o acometimento da doença e o estado mental; funcionais: equilíbrio funcional e as capacidades funcionais; nível de atividade física e a qualidade de vida; 2) variáveis dependentes: tempo gasto e número de passos no desempenho motor das tarefas Timed "Up and Go" (TUGt e TUGp) e Postural Locomotion Manual (PLMt e PLMp) antes e após os programas de... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive illness of central nervous system. It is characterized by gradual loss (regional), over 60% of dopaminergic neurons, which mainly affects the motor system. The loss of these neurons causes a progressive reduction of dopamine with the appearance of the main signs/symptoms: rest tremor, bradykinesia, muscle stiffness and postural instability. These signs/symptoms may reduce the ability of PD individuals in moving independently, changing their quality of life. The physical activity is essential to prevent and rehabilitate health problems and to protect against the loss of neural cells. Two studies were designed and developed. The Study 1 aimed to observe the effects of a multimode physical activity program (MPAP) on the functional mobility of individuals in initial stages of PD to perform the DLAs. Twenty one individuals with PD in Stages 1 to 2 of Hoehn & Yahr scale started the MPAP and only 12 (65.92 ± 7 years of age) were reevaluated. The Study 2 verified the effects of a maintenance exercises program (MEP) on the functional mobility of individuals in advanced stages of PD to perform the DLAs. Ten individuals with PD in Stages 1 to 3 of Hoehn & Yahr scale initiated the program and only 8 (71.13 ± 8 years of age) were reevaluated. We analyzed the following variables in both studies: 1) control: anthropometric; age; clinical stage (Hoehn & Yahr scale and Unifiyng Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale), the mental state (Mini-Examination Mental State); functional: balance (Functional Balance Berg) and the functional capacities (flexibility, coordination, agility/balance, strength and endurance) through the AAHPERD; physical activity (Baecke Modified for the Elderly) and the quality of life (WHOQOL-Focus questionnaire) level; 2) dependents variables: time spent and number of steps in the motor performance of the Timed Up and Go (TUG)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
32
Kåremark, Jessika, e Miranda Karlsson. "Upplevelsen av att vara informell vårdgivare till en förälder med demenssjukdom : En litteraturstudie ur ett aktivitetsperspektiv". Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-36021.
Resumo:
Befolkningen blir allt äldre och fler riskerar att drabbas av demenssjukdom. Anhöriga till personer med demenssjukdom behöver i dagens samhälle ta ett större ansvar för vård och omsorg. Ett ökat ansvar leder till att det dagliga livet förändras och att anhöriga kan drabbas av ohälsa. I Sverige är den mest förekommande informella vårdgivaren make eller maka, men vuxna barn tar även ett allt större ansvar kring omsorgen. Syftet med examensarbetet var att beskriva upplevelsen av att vara informell vårdgivare till en förälder med demenssjukdom och hur det påverkar det dagliga livet. Metoden som användes var en scoping review och 20 artiklar inkluderades i studien. Inklusionskriterier gällande artiklarna var publicering efter år 2007, skrivna på engelska, kvalitativa studier, vuxna barn som var informell vårdgivare samt att föräldern bodde i ordinärt boende. Resultatet visade upplevelser av förändrade roller, bristfällig aktivitetsbalans och förändrad social delaktighet. Både positiva och negativa upplevelser av att vara informell vårdgivare framkom. Slutsatsen är att arbetsterapeuten kan hjälpa anhöriga att finna strategier för att på ett långsiktigt sätt kunna hantera vardagen. Arbetsterapeutens yrkeskompetens kan användas i ett förebyggande arbete för att minska risken för begränsad aktivitet och delaktighet bland vuxna barn som vårdar en förälder med demenssjukdom.The population is getting older and more people are likely to suffer from dementia. In society of today relatives of people with dementia need to take a greater responsibility for the care. Increased responsibility leads to changes in everyday life and can contribute to ill health. In Sweden the most common informal caregivers are husbands or wives, but adult children are taking an increased responsibility for the care. The aim of this study was to describe the experiences of being an informal caregiver to a parent with dementia and how it affects daily living. A scoping review was used as a method and 20 articles were included in this study. Inclusion criteria for the articles were publication after year 2007, written in English, qualitative studies, adult children who were informal caregivers, and that the parent was living in regular housing. The results showed experiences of changed roles, insufficient occupational balance and changed social participation. Both positive and negative experiences of being an informal caregiver emerged. The conclusion is that the overall perspective of the occupational therapist can help relatives to find strategies to manage their daily living in a long-term perspective. The occupational therapist's competence can be utilized in preventive work to reduce the risk of limited activity and participation among adult children who take care of a parent with dementia.
33
Enochsson, Rebecca, e Cecilia Castell. "Upplevelsen av aktivitet efter höftfraktur ur den äldre patientens perspektiv". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-39321.
Resumo:
Antalet höftfrakturer ökar med en allt åldrande befolkning. För individen kan det medföra psykiska och fysiska konsekvenser med risk för bestående funktionsnedsättning. Återhämtningen och rehabiliteringen är inte avslutad vid utskrivning utan fortsätter under en längre tid. Studiens syfte var att undersöka hur den äldre patienten med höftfraktur efter hemgång upplevde dagliga aktiviteter med fokus fysisk aktivitet. Metoden som användes var en allmän litteraturstudie med inspiration från kvalitativ analys i artikelbearbetningen. Resultatet beskrevs utifrån kategorierna Upplevelsen av begränsningar, Upplevelsen av minskad självständighet och Upplevelsen av att anpassning krävs. De äldre upplevde begränsningar efter höftfrakturer som nedsatt rörelseförmåga och fallrädsla vilket kunde resultera i en isolerad tillvaro med minskad självständighet i daglig- och fysisk aktivitet. Det psykiska måendet påverkades negativt till följd av begränsningar med känslor av frustration och nedstämdhet. Information om tiden efter höftfrakturen ansågs bristande. Ett behov av anpassning infann sig med tillämpning av olika strategier för att klara aktiviteterna. Litteraturstudiens resultat synliggör att återhämtningen var en lång process, präglad av begränsningar i utförandet av aktiviteter.The number of hip fractures increases with an aging population. For the individual, it can have psychological and physical consequences with the risk of permanent disability. The recovery and rehabilitation is not completed at discharge but continues for a longer time. The aim of the study was to investigate how the elderly patient with hip fracture after returning home experienced daily activities focusing on physical activity. The method used was a general literature study with inspiration from qualitative analysis in the article processing. The result was described based on the categories The experience of perceived limitations, The experience of reduced independence and The experience of required adaptation. The elderly experienced limitations on hip fractures such as reduced mobility and fear of falling, which could result in an isolated existence with reduced independence in daily- and physical activity. The mental attitude was adversely affected by limitations with feelings of frustration and depression. Information about the time after the hip fracture was considered lacking. A need to adapt occurred with the application of different strategies to cope with activities. The results of the literature study shows that the recovery was a long process, characterized by the limitations in the performance of activities.
34
Evaldsson, Elin, e Amanda Börjesson. "Upplevd delaktighet i vardagliga aktiviteter vid skiftarbete". Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-30954.
Resumo:
Background: Shift work is performed in different times, often in evenings and during weekends. Shift worker’s physical health is affected in a negative way. Shift work contributes to reduced participation in everyday activities which in turn affects the quality of life and family life. Purpose: To describe the occupational performance and experience of participation in everyday activities among shift workers. Method: A questionnaire study was made at an industrial workplace where 30 shift workers participated. The questionnaire used was "Occupational Gap Questionnaire" (OGQ). The aim of the instrument is to study participation in everyday activities by measuring what people do and to what extent they want to do it. Shift workers were divided into each shift in order to study variations in occupational performance. Collected and processed data is presented using descriptive statistics. Results: Shift workers performed all activities included in the instrument, but on different levels. The types of activities that had most occupational gaps were in the category IADL. Conclusion: Shift workers in the study have good participation in their everyday activities despite shift workBakgrund: Skiftarbete är arbete som utförs på rullande schema, ofta under kväll och helger. Den fysiska hälsan påverkas negativt vid denna typ av arbete. Skiftarbete bidrar även till nedsatt delaktighet i vardagliga aktiviteter som därmed påverkar bland annat livskvalitet och familjeliv. Syfte: Att beskriva aktivitetsutförande och upplevelse av delaktighet i vardagliga aktiviteter bland skiftarbetare. Metod: En enkätstudie gjordes på en industriarbetsplats i Jönköping där 30 skiftarbetare deltog. Enkäten var konstruerad från det arbetsterapeutiska instrumentet ”GAP i vardagens aktiviteter” (GAP). Instrumentet avser att studera delaktighet i vardagliga aktiviteter genom att mäta vad en person gör samt i vilken grad personen vill utföra aktiviteten. Skiftarbetare delades in i respektive skift för att se variationer i aktivitetsutförande. Insamlad och bearbetad data presenterades via deskriptiv statistik. Resultat: Skiftarbetarna utförde alla aktiviteter som ingick i instrumentet men upplevde olika nivåer av delaktighet. Flest aktivitetsgap fanns inom aktivitetskategorin I-ADL. Slutsats: Skiftarbetarna i studien upplever god delaktighet i sina vardagliga aktiviteter trots skiftarbete.
35
Du, Wenjie (James). "EXAMINING THE INCREMENTAL EFFECTS OF PARTICIPANT SPORTING EVENTS IN PROMOTING ACTIVE LIVING: CREATING ACTIONABLE KNOWLEDGE TO TACKLE A PUBLIC HEALTH CRISIS". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/428449.
Resumo:
Tourism and SportPh.D.
Using a theoretical synergy between the Psychological Continuum Model (PCM) and Behavioral Ecological Model (BEM), the current dissertation research provides empirical evidence to support that organized participant sporting events can play a significant role in building a healthier community. First, using a proprietary U.S. community-based panel data from 2008 to 2014, study 1 examines the incremental effects of participant sporting events (PSE) in promoting active living at the population level. Panel regression with an instrumental variable approach and Multigroup Latent Growth Curve Analysis were administered. The key findings included (1) these population-based interventions have the capacity to impact population health at the state level; (2) such an influence significantly varies across the United States contingent upon a state’s economic development and the geographical region to which a state belongs. In study 2, the Multilevel Mediation Analysis was conducted with a spatially clustered cross-sectional data in 2014. The findings revealed that the access to exercise opportunities at the state level represents the underlying mechanism through which various forms of participant sporting events have the ability to elicit positive effects on health with respects to mental health, physical health, and physical activity participation at the county level. The findings suggested that PSEs represent effective public health platform to create healthier communities through integrating physically active leisure into population’s everyday routines. Overall, empirical results also help us better understand the importance of effectively leveraging community sporting events to deliver required health benefits to the general public and create practical guidelines to inform policy formation on resource allocation.
Temple University--Theses
36
Oliveira, Alexandra Martini de. "Ensaio clínico randomizado e controlado para avaliar a versão brasileira ambulatorial do método TAP (Tailored Activity Program - Programa Personalizado de Atividades) no tratamento de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos em indivíduos com demência". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-05122018-132604/.
Resumo:
INTRODUÇÃO: Embora os quadros demenciais sejam caracterizados, principalmente, por comprometimentos cognitivos e funcionais, muitos pacientes apresentam alterações comportamentais ou sintomas neuropsiquiátricos (SNPs) em alguma fase de sua história clínica. De acordo com a literatura atual, os SNPs são muito frequentes, podendo ocorrer em até 90% dos casos de demência. Dentre os SNPs mais comuns, estão incluídos: agressividade, apatia, agitação, perambulação, desinibição, ansiedade, humor deprimido e sintomas psicóticos (alucinações e delírios). Diretrizes internacionais têm sugerido que os tratamentos não-farmacológicos devem ser a primeira opção na abordagem dos SNPs. Recentemente, os estudos têm mostrado que as intervenções não-farmacológicas são tão eficazes quanto os tratamentos farmacológicos, no entanto, sem ocasionar os efeitos colaterais e riscos das medicações. Uma abordagem não-farmacológica promissora é o uso de atividades. Um método de Terapia Ocupacional, denominado Tailored Activity Program (TAP - Programa Personalizado de Atividades - versão domiciliar) foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de reduzir e prevenir SNPs em idosos com demência moderada a grave e, de acordo com os estudos, tem se mostrado eficaz. No Brasil, existem poucos estudos sobre abordagens nãofarmacológicas no tratamento de SNPs em indivíduos com demência. OBJETIVOS: Realizar a tradução e adaptação transcultural do método TAP para a língua portuguesa, bem como sua adequação para o uso ambulatorial. Avaliar a eficácia do método TAP (versão ambulatorial brasileira) no tratamento de SNPs de indivíduos com demência moderada a grave e na redução da sobrecarga dos seus cuidadores. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um ensaio clínico aleatorizado, controlado, duplamente encoberto, para o tratamento de SNPs em idosos com demência moderada a grave, através da versão traduzida e adaptada do método TAP para uso ambulatorial. O grupo experimental recebeu oito sessões baseadas no método TAP, em regime ambulatorial, e o grupo controle recebeu oito sessões baseadas em um programa psicoeducativo com orientações sobre demência. As medidas de desfecho consistiram na avaliação de SNPs dos indivíduos com demência, por meio do The Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Clinician rating scale (NPI-C), e da avaliação da sobrecarga dos seus cuidadores, por meio da Escala Zarit. Todos os participantes foram avaliados nos momentos pré (T0) e pós-intervenção (T1). RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 54 indivíduos com demência, que foram alocados para as condições experimental (n= 28) e controle (n= 26). Observou-se melhora estatisticamente significante no grupo experimental nos seguintes SNPs: delírios (p=0,05), agitação (p=0,001), agressividade (p=0,007), depressão (p=0,008), ansiedade (p=0,006), euforia (p=0,007), apatia (p=0,02), desinibição (p=0,03), irritabilidade (p=0,03), distúrbio motor (p=0,007) e vocalizações aberrantes (p=0,03). Por sua vez, não foi observada melhora nos seguintes SNPs: alucinações (p=0,06), distúrbios do sono (p=0,06) e distúrbios do apetite (p=0,5). O método TAP para uso ambulatorial também se mostrou clinicamente eficaz na redução da sobrecarga nos cuidadores do grupo experimental (p=0,01). CONCLUSÃO: Este ensaio clínico é o primeiro estudo controlado sobre a eficácia de uma intervenção de Terapia Ocupacional baseada na versão ambulatorial do método TAP para aliviar os SNPs em pacientes com demência moderada a grave. Os resultados mostraram que o uso de atividades prescritas de maneira personalizada, aliada ao treinamento do cuidador, pode ser uma abordagem clinicamente eficaz na redução de SNPs e da sobrecarga de cuidadores de indivíduos com demênciaINTRODUCTION: Although dementia is characterized mainly by cognitive and functional deficits, many patients present behavioral changes or neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) at some stage of their clinical evolution. According to the current literature, NPS are very frequent and may occur in up to 90% of dementia cases. The most common NPS are aggression, apathy, agitation, wandering, disinhibition, anxiety, depressed mood and psychotic symptoms (hallucinations and delusions). International guidelines have suggested that non-pharmacological treatments should be the first option in clinical approaching to NPS. Recently, studies have shown that nonpharmacological interventions are as effective as pharmacological treatments, however without the side effects and risks of medications. A promising nonpharmacological approach is the use of activities. An Occupational Therapy method, called Tailored Activity Program (TAP), was developed with the objective of reducing and preventing NPS in the elderly with moderate to severe dementia and, according to published studies, has shown to be effective. In Brazil, there are few studies on non-pharmacological approaches in the treatment of NPSs in individuals with dementia. OBJECTIVES: To perform the translation and transcultural adaptation of the TAP method to Brazilian Portuguese, as well as its adequacy for outpatient use. To evaluate the efficacy of the TAP (Brazilian outpatient version) method in the treatment of NPS in individuals with moderate to severe dementia and in the burden reduction of their caregivers. METHOD: This is a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial for the treatment of NPS in elderly with moderate to severe dementia., using the transcultural translation and adaptation of the outpatient TAP method. The experimental group received eight sessions based on the TAP method, on an outpatient basis, and the control group received eight sessions based on a psychoeducational program with orientations about dementia. Outcome measures consisted of assessing the NPS of individuals with dementia, through the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Clinician rating scale (NPI-C), and assessing the burden on their caregivers, using the Zarit Scale. All the participants were evaluated at pre (T0) and post-intervention (T1). RESULTS: We included 54 individuals with dementia, who were allocated to the experimental (n=28) and control (n=26) groups. There was improvement of the following NPS in the experimental group: delusions (p=0.05), agitation (p=0.001), aggressiveness (p=0.007), depression (p=0.008), anxiety (p=0.006), euphoria (p=0.007), apathy (p=0.02), disinhibition (p=0.03), irritability (p=0.03), motor disturbance (p=0.007) and aberrant vocalization (p=0.03). No improvement was observed in the following NPS: hallucinations (p=0.06), sleep disturbances (p=0.06) and appetite disorders (p=0.5). The TAP method for outpatient use was also clinically effective in reducing burden in the caregivers of the experimental group (p=0.01). CONCLUSION: This clinical trial is the first controlled study of the efficacy of an Occupational Therapy intervention based on the outpatient version of the TAP method to relieve NPS in patients with moderate to severe dementia. The results showed that the use of personalized prescribed activities, coupled with the caregiver training, may be a clinically effective approach to reduce NPS and caregiver burden of individuals with dementia
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Pettersson, Ingvor. "Significance of assistive devices in the daily life of persons with stroke and their spouses /". Doctoral thesis, Örebro : Örebro University : Universitetsbiblioteket, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-460.
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Silva, Fernanda Pereira dos Santos. "Avaliação dos hábitos de vida segundo a Assessment of Life Habits (LIFE-H) : adaptação cultural e valores normativos para crianças brasileiras". Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7637.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Rating scales of infant development have been increasingly used in clinical and scientific research. However, the challenge of accurately identifying changes is compounded by the lack of standardized assessment tools and validated for the Brazilian population. Furthermore, to assess the child's life habits have been increasingly promoted in clinical and scientific research. Thus, the first study identified the child assessment tools developed in Portuguese or translated into Portuguese; characteristics of the aspects evaluated by them were presented, and identified their clinical utility and quality. In conclusion, still need to be developed or translated and validated instruments for children under 4 years, with the matter of activities of daily living and children's social participation and that take into account the context and family issues. Thus, the second study was conducted to present the process of translation and cultural adaptation of the Assessment of Life Habits for children to Brazilian Portuguese. In the process of translation, the Brazilian version was called LIFE-H_BR (Avaliação dos Hábitos de Vida, para crianças do nascimento aos 4 anos de idade). The results obtained in this study demonstrated high concordance (<94%) and similarity between the technical judges in the translation process and that 29 items had to be modified in the process of cultural adaptation. However, it is necessary that the evaluation is performed with valid instruments for the studied population. Therefore the third and fourth studies were performed. Study 3 determined the percentage of items LIFE-H_BR adapted for children from 0-4 years that are directly related to the items of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth (ICF-CY) and reported that areas of ICF-CY are represented in LIFE-H_BR. In addition, the percentage of items in the Activities and Participation ICF-CY that can be evaluated using the LIFE-H_BR was determined, and if the LIFE-H_BR is limited to evaluate all components of the ICF-CY. The results showed that the LIFE-H_BR evaluates the participation of children and in this criterion it meets what is proposed, i.e., it has construct validity. Study 4 aimed to verify the concurrent and predictive criterion validity of the LIFEH_ BR, and demonstrated strong and positive correlation between the raw score of LIFE-H_BR and PEDI (Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory), confirming the concurrent validity between the two instruments. The similarity between the raw score of LIFE-H_BR and PEDI was also considered strong and positive, scores confirming the predictive validity of the LIFEH_BR. Thus, the Brazilian version of the LIFE-H is an instrument that has strong concurrent and predictive validation with PEDI and is considered valid for the evaluation of Brazilian children. Thus, it is expected that the LIFE-H_BR can be an important tool for evaluation, development and monitoring of lifestyle conditions of child patients. In addition, it is a tool for clinicians and researchers to assess the life habits of Brazilian children, allowing future comparative studies of children with disorders and disabilities. It is noteworthy that the LIFE-H_BR has the advantage of observation and evaluation of family satisfaction level regarding the independence and participation of children in society, one more data that can guide the intervention in children's rehabilitation process.
Escalas de avaliação do desenvolvimento infantil têm sido cada vez mais utilizadas na clínica e pesquisa científica. Contudo, o desafio da identificação precisa de alterações é agravado pela escassez de instrumentos de avaliação padronizados e validados para a população brasileira. Além disso, avaliar os hábitos da vida de crianças tem sido cada vez mais incentivado na clínica e como tema de estudos. Sendo assim, o primeiro estudo identificou os instrumentos de avaliação infantil desenvolvidos em português ou traduzidos para o português; apresentou as características avaliadas por eles, bem como, identificou a utilidade clínica e a qualidade dos mesmos. O que permitiu concluir que ainda precisam ser desenvolvidos ou traduzidos e validados instrumentos para faixa etária abaixo de 4 anos, com o tema de atividades da vida diária e participação social da criança e, que leve em consideração o contexto e questões familiares. Assim, o segundo estudo foi realizado para apresentar o processo de tradução e adaptação cultural da Assessment of Life Habits for children para o português brasileiro. No processo de tradução, a versão brasileira foi denominada LIFE-H_BR (Avaliação dos Hábitos de Vida, para crianças do nascimento aos 4 anos de idade). Os resultados obtidos, neste estudo, demonstraram alta concordância (<94%), bem como similaridade entre os juízes técnicos no processo de tradução e que 29 itens precisaram ser modificados no processo de adaptação cultural. Contudo, é necessário que a avaliação seja realizada com instrumentos válidos para a população avaliada. Para tanto foram realizados o terceiro e quarto estudos. O Estudo 3 determinou que a porcentagem de itens da LIFE-H_BR, adaptada para crianças de 0-4 anos, estão diretamente relacionados com os itens da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde para Crianças e Jovens (CIF-CJ) e reportou quais domínios da CIF-CJ estão representados na LIFE-H_BR. Além disso, determinou a porcentagem de itens em Atividades e Participação da CIF-CJ podem ser avaliados usando a LIFE-H_BR, e se, a LIFE-H_BR é limitada para avaliar todos os componentes da CIF-CJ. Os resultados encontrados apontaram que a LIFE-H_BR avalia a participação da criança e neste critério ele cumpre o que se propõe, ou seja, apresenta validade de construto. O Estudo 4, teve por objetivo verificar a validade de critério concorrente e preditiva do instrumento LIFE-H_BR, e demonstrou correlação forte e positiva entre o escore bruto da LIFE-H_BR e do PEDI (Inventário de Avaliação Pediátrica de Incapacidade), confirmando a validade concorrente entre os dois instrumentos. A similaridade entre o escore bruto da LIFE-H_BR e PEDI foi igualmente considerada forte e positiva, confirmando a validade preditiva da LIFE-H_BR. Assim, a versão brasileira da LIFE-H é um instrumento que possui forte validação concorrente e preditiva com o PEDI, sendo considerada válida para a avaliação de crianças brasileiras. Desta forma, espera-se que a LIFE-H_BR possa servir como um instrumento importante para avaliação, evolução e acompanhamento das condições de hábitos de vida de crianças de risco e atípicas. Além de ser uma ferramenta para clínicos e pesquisadores avaliarem os hábitos de vida da criança brasileira, permitindo futuros estudos comparativos de crianças com disfunções e incapacidades. Vale ressaltar ainda que, a LIFE-H_BR apresenta como vantagem a possibilidade de observar e avaliar o grau de satisfação da familia em relação à independencia e participação da criança na sociedade, mais um dado que poderá nortear a intervenção no processo de reabilitação infantil.
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Black, Ross Arthur Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Compensatory strategies in humans performing active and passive gaze fixation and re-fixation tasks after unilateral vestibular deafferentation". Publisher:University of New South Wales. Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43541.
Resumo:
The human vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) stabilizes gaze during head movement. The reflex is typically tested in a clinic or laboratory using passive rotations or artificial stimuli which measure the amount of damage the vestibular apparatus has suffered. However, during everyday activities the vestibular system is stimulated by active, self generated head movements. Head movements are often rapid and associated with the goal of achieving either gaze-fixation or re-fixation. Patients who complain of on-going symptoms will typically identify a particular position or movement that aggravates their symptoms in their everyday life. There is a need to identify objective parameters which correlate with the subjective complaints of patients whose symptoms persist after vestibular damage. In the first study, a gaze-refixation task, patients who complain of ongoing symptoms (poorly-compensated), during rapid head turns, after unilateral vestibular de-afferentation (uVD) were compared with those who did not have the same complaints (well-compensated) and normal subjects. Well- and poorly-compensated groups were sorted according to responses on a standardized questionnaire. All subjects were then located in a real-world, non-laboratory environment in which poorly-compensated subjects reported experiencing symptoms. Each subjects head, eye and gaze displacement and velocity, head rotation frequency and blink or eye-lid closure were measured and analysed and compared between ipsi- and contra-lesional head rotations within and between subject groups. When subjects are able to generate their own active head rotations it has been suggested that a number of vestibular and extra-vestibular strategies might be employed to compensate for an impaired VOR. In subsequent studies, high resolution scleral search coils were used to identify the compensatory mechanisms used during active head rotations during a gaze-fixation task. A corrective saccade is typically observed during passive ipsilesional head rotations or impulses and might be potentiated during rapid, active or self-generated head rotations. The conditions which predict or contribute to the generation of the rapid, corrective eye movement were investigated. The results were compared with responses to passive head impulses of matched velocity and acceleration to determine if active head impulses could be used to identify a lesioned vestibular apparatus as is routinely clinically achieved with passive head impulses.
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Sernheim, Åsa-Sara. "Time for Activities for Girls and Women with Rett Syndrome". Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för arbetsterapi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149823.
Resumo:
Irrespective of the great individual variation, people diagnosed with RTT largely rely on support from others to be able to do and participate in activities throughout their lives. This thesis focuses on which activities are done and liked/disliked by girls and women with RTT in Sweden. The overall aim was to describe the everyday lives of female individuals with Rett syndrome. Two studies are included in this thesis. The first is a descriptive study, using secondary data from three earlier questionnaires, encompassing data from 175 participants (girls/women) described by 365 informants (parents/staff). Content analysis was used to analyse the openended questions. In the second study a Time-geographic diary method and the software VISUAL-TimePAcTs computer program, DAILY LIFE 2011 were used. Ten participants (teenagers/young female adults) with RTT and their 63 informants participated in the diary study. The main findings in the first study (I) were that the girls and women with RTT enjoyed activities that included aspects of ‘contact’, ‘sensory impression’ and ‘motion’. The activities most enjoyed over the years were bathing/swimming, listening to music or being outdoors/walking. The parents and staff also liked to do the same activities that the girls or women enjoyed doing, described as sharing their joy. Of the few activities that were reported as being unenjoyable, most were daily care activities. The diary study (II) showed that the most frequently reported activities were hygiene/toilet, moving around indoors, eating and getting dressed. Most time was spent in sleeping, daily care, medical and health care activities and also for travel/transportation. Little time remained for other kinds of activities especially for the young adults. Most time was spent with staff, thereafter with families, and the least time was spent with friends. The participant response that was reported most often during activities was ‘interested’, while ‘opposed’ was the least reported. Responses of ‘opposition’ were primarily seen during caring activities such as toileting, using the breathing mask, stretching, brushing teeth, being woken up, dressing and putting on orthoses. Responses of ‘engagement’ were noted in contexts of socialising, playing and communicating activities with friends or staff. Engagement responses were also reported during activities of ‘motion’ such as changing body position, moving in the water or gymnastics, eating food and snacks, and even when watching/listening to films, books or music. Thus, increased knowledge concerning the importance of activities for girls and women with RTT is essential for their well-being, participation and continued development. Increased knowledge could facilitate the choice of activities and a more varied use of activities. Regardless of age, severity of symptoms or developed skills, it is important that not only basic needs such as sleep, daily care and medical health care activities are fulfilled for individuals with Rett syndrome. It is also essential for them to spend time with friends, family and staff doing enjoyable activities both at home and in other places.Funding:
Linnéa and Josef Carlsson’s Foundation, Helsingborg, Sweden and the Folke Bernadotte Foundation, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Batista, Fernanda Sotello. "Força muscular de membros inferiores : relações entre indepencia funcional e criterios de fragilidade em idosos ambulatoriais". [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311026.
Resumo:
Orientador: Maria Jose D'ElbouxDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: A sarcopenia é o principal fator envolvido no desenvolvimento de dependência funcional e de síndrome de fragilidade. A literatura mostra associação entre o teste de levantar e sentar cinco vezes consecutivas da cadeira e independência funcional e fragilidade. Objetivo geral: Investigar a relação entre força muscular de membros inferiores e independência funcional e critérios de fragilidade. Método: estudo transversal, quantitativo, realizado com 150 (cento e cinqüenta) idosos de ambos os sexos em acompanhamento ambulatorial, sendo utilizados os seguintes instrumentos para coleta de dados: teste de levantar e sentar da cadeira cinco vezes consecutivas (TLSC5), Medida de Independência Funcional (MIFm) e Escala de Atividades Instrumentais (AIVDt) de Lawton. Foram realizadas as análises: descritiva, de comparação, de regressão logística multivariada, de variância multi e univariada e coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: Os idosos exibiram tempo médio no TLSC5 de 21,7 segundos e pontuação média da MIFm de 82,2 e da AIVDt de 21,2, 55,3% apresentaram 3 ou mais critérios de fragilidade. Verificou-se associação significativa entre a força muscular de membros inferiores e número de critérios de fragilidade e independência funcional. Conclusões: Os sujeitos com maior FM de MMII apresentaram maior independência funcional e menor número de critérios de fragilidade.
Abstract: Sarcopenia is the main factor in the development of functional dependency and the fragility syndrome. Studies attest to the association between the standing/sitting chair test, in a number of five times in a row, and functional independency and fragility. General goal: To research the relation between lower strength muscle strength and functional independency and fragility criteria. Method: Transversal study, quantitative, using 150 elderly outpatients of both sexes, using the following instruments for data collecting: the standing/sitting chair test, in a number of five times in a row, Functional Independence Measure e Lawton Instrumental Activity Index. The following analyses were applied: descriptive, comparative and multivaried logistic regression, multi and univaried and Cronbach alfa coefficient. Results: The patients presented an average time of 21,7 seconds in the standing/sitting chair test, in a number of five times in a row and average scoring in the Functional Independence Measure of 82,2 and in the Instrumental Activity Index of 21,2; 55,3% presented 3 or more fragility criteria. It was observed a significant association between the lower extremity muscle strength and the number of fragility criteria and functional independency. Conclusions: The patients with higher lower extremity muscle strength presented better functional independence and less fragility criteria score.
Mestrado
Mestre em Gerontologia
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Barriga, Susana Miguel dos Santos. "Factores que influenciam a actividade física na vida diária dos doentes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica". Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/5566.
Resumo:
RESUMO: A monitorização da actividade física diária nos doentes com Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica (DPOC) tem sido alvo de grande interesse nos últimos tempos. No entanto, ainda nenhum estudo reuniu o conjunto de factores – grau de obstrução, hiperinsuflação pulmonar, alteração das trocas gasosas, dispneia, dessaturação de oxigénio, capacidade de exercício,
ansiedade e depressão – que podem afectar a sua realização, nem os correlacionou com os
dados obtidos com o pedómetro e que reflectem o que cada doente realmente faz no seu dia-adia.
O presente estudo teve como objectivo principal identificar os factores que influenciam a actividade física na vida diária dos doentes com DPOC.
Estudaram-se 55 doentes do sexo masculino com idade média de 67 anos e um FEV1 médio de
50,8% do previsto, com DPOC moderada a muito grave (estadios II a IV), de entre os utentes do Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Respiratória do Centro Hospitalar de Torres Vedras. Avaliaram-se os parâmetros da escala de dispneia modificada do Medical Research Council (MMRC), escala London Chest Activity of Daily Living (LCADL), escala de Ansiedade e Depressão Hospitalar (HADS), índice BODE, estudo funcional respiratório em repouso, teste de marcha de seis minutos e o número de passos por dia utilizando um pedómetro por um período de três dias.
Observou-se que os doentes deram em média 4972 passos por dia e apresentaram uma
cotação total média de 17,7 na LCADL, tendo existido diferenças estatisticamente significativas em função da gravidade da doença, sendo que os doentes mais graves são os que em média andam menos no seu dia-a-dia e apresentam maior limitação na realização das actividades de vida diária. O número de passos por dia apresentou correlações significativas com as variáveis
idade, dispneia, depressão, hiperinsuflação monar, gravidade de obstrução (FEV1), trocas
gasosas (DLCO), saturação arterial de oxigénio mínima e correlação mais forte com a distância percorrida no TM6m.
Este estudo permitiu identificar que os factores determinantes da actividade física na vida diária de doentes com DPOC nos estadios II a IV, foram a dispneia e a distância percorrida no TM6m.
Além disso, estes doentes constituem um grupo sedentário, particularmente a partir do estadio III, com níveis de actividade física diária baixos.-----------ABSTRACT
There has been an increased interest in monitoring the daily physical activity in patients with
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). However, no specific study has been realized so far that has put the different factors which can affect the results obtained altogether, (such as the degree of obstruction, pulmonary hyperinflation, abnormal gas exchange, dyspnea, oxygen
desaturation, exercise capacity, anxiety and depression) or correlated with data obtained from the pedometer, which reflect each patient actual activity in their daily life.
This study aimed to identify the main factors that influence physical activity in daily life of patients with COPD.
The scope of this study was 55 male patients with an average age of 67 years old and an
average FEV1 of 50.8% predicted, with moderate to severe COPD (stages II to IV), among patients from the Respiratory Pathophysiology Laboratory of the Centro Hospitalar de Torres Vedras. Were evaluated the parameters of the modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (MMRC), London Chest Activity of Daily Living scale (LCADL), Hospital Anxiety and Depression
scale (HADS), BODE index, pulmonary function test at rest, six minute walk test (6MWT) and the number of steps per day using a pedometer for a period of three days.
It was observed that patients have walked an average of 4972 steps per day and had a total
score of 17.7 at LCADL, and statistically significant differences were stated depending on the severity of the disease. Whereas patients with a more severe degree of the disease have walked least in their daily life and show greater restraint in carrying out activities of daily living. The
number of steps per day showed significant correlations with age, dyspnea, depression, lung hyperinflation, severity of obstruction (FEV1), gas exchange (DLCO), minimum arterial oxygen saturation and stronger correlation with distance walked on 6MWT.
This study shows that the crucial factors of physical activity in daily life of COPD patients at stages II to IV were dyspnea and distance on 6MWT. Moreover, these patients constitute a sedentary group, particularly from the stage III, with lower levels of daily physical activity.
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Lindström, Maria. "Promoting agency among people with severe psychiatric disability : occupation-oriented interventions in home and community settings". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Arbetsterapi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-50038.
Resumo:
In general, people with severe psychiatric disability living in sheltered or supported housing lead passive, solitary lives. Current rehabilitative approaches often neglect considering an agentic perspective of the residents in sheltered or supported housing. Furthermore, the outreach and societal contexts are often not considered. Thus, practitioners tend to overlook the potential in providing support and rehabilitation that is adapted to their individual, collective and changing needs. My approach was to develop a model for Everyday Life Rehabilitation (ELR), which has a potential to promote agency while targeting recovery, meaningful daily occupations, social participation, and person-driven goals. We employed two occupational therapists (OT) and offered an intervention with ELR in a medium-sized municipality in northernSwedenand evaluated this intervention from the perspectives of residents and community care workers (CCW), using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. This thesis comprises four studies that focus on a home and community context, late rehabilitation efforts, daily occupations, and client-centredness. The overall aim is to understand and evaluate the impact of recovery- and occupation-oriented interventions in a home context for people with severe psychiatric disability. The study settings are sheltered and supported housing facilities. The first study (n=6) explores the significance of home for occupational transformations. The analysis reveals how residential conditions facilitate rehabilitative interactions, generating occupational transformations such as increasing social competence and taking charge of daily occupations. The second study evaluates occupation- and health-related outcomes of the ELR-intervention for residents (n=17). Pre-, post-, and follow-up differences in tests scores on goal attainment, occupation, and health-related factors indicate that important progress is made. The third study explores residents’ (n=16) narratives about occupational transformations in the context of everyday life and life history. Narrative analysis discloses stories of ‘rediscovering agency’, referring to occupational and identity transformations. The fourth study illuminates community care workers’ (n=21) experiences of collaborating with residents and OTs, using ELR. The CCW’ view on residents, rehabilitation, and the own role, along with organisational conditions in the housing facility, seem to characterise different outlooks influencing the CCWs responsiveness or resistance to the intervention. In conclusion, rehabilitation in a supported housing context appears paradoxical due to tensions between opposing values such as authentic versus artificial, and independence versus dependence. However, if residents are engaged in challenging these tensions, they can function as ‘progressive tensions’ generating change. Considering the personal and social meaning of home also appears to be valuable. The intervention studies on ELR, demonstrate its value for participants and indicates that a recovery approach applying ELR would promote shared perspectives among residents, CCWs, and OTs, while facilitating ‘agent-supported rehabilitation’ and ‘out-of-housing strategies’. The thesis provides initial support for the use of ELR-interventions and proposes continued research.Vardagslivets Rehabilitering (Everyday Life Rehabilitation)
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Ferreira, Maria Dilailça Trigueiro de Oliveira [UNESP]. "Efeitos da atividade física nas atividades da vida diária em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87370.
Resumo:
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A doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma doença crônica e progressiva do SNC caracterizada pela perda progressiva (regional), acima de 60%, dos neurônios dopaminérgicos, que acomete principalmente o sistema motor. A perda desses neurônios acarreta diminuição progressiva da dopamina, ocasionando o surgimento dos principais sinais/sintomas que são: tremor de repouso, bradicinesia, rigidez muscular e instabilidade postural. Esses sinais/sintomas podem diminuir a capacidade de indivíduos com DP em movimentar-se normal e independentemente, alterando sua qualidade de vida. A atividade física tem se mostrado essencial para prevenir e reabilitar problemas de saúde e até proteger contra a perda das células neuronais. Para tanto, foram realizados 2 estudos. O Estudo 1 pretendeu observar os efeitos de uma programa de atividade física generalizada (PAFG) na mobilidade funcional na realização das AVDs de indivíduos em estágios iniciais da DP. Vinte e um indivíduos com DP em estágios de 1 a 2 da escala da Hoehn e Yahr iniciaram o treinamento e somente doze indivíduos com DP (65,92 ± 7 anos) foram reavaliados. O Estudo 2 verificou os efeitos de um programa de exercícios de manutenção (PEM) na mobilidade funcional na realização das AVDs de indivíduos em estágios mais avançados da DP. Dez indivíduos com DP em estágios de 1 a 3 da escala da Hoehn e Yahr iniciaram as atividades e somente oito (71,13 ± 8 anos) foram reavaliados. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis para ambos os estudos: 1) variáveis de controle: clínicas, o acometimento da doença e o estado mental; funcionais: equilíbrio funcional e as capacidades funcionais; nível de atividade física e a qualidade de vida; 2) variáveis dependentes: tempo gasto e número de passos no desempenho motor das tarefas Timed “Up and Go” (TUGt e TUGp) e Postural Locomotion Manual (PLMt e PLMp) antes e após os programas de...
The Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive illness of central nervous system. It is characterized by gradual loss (regional), over 60% of dopaminergic neurons, which mainly affects the motor system. The loss of these neurons causes a progressive reduction of dopamine with the appearance of the main signs/symptoms: rest tremor, bradykinesia, muscle stiffness and postural instability. These signs/symptoms may reduce the ability of PD individuals in moving independently, changing their quality of life. The physical activity is essential to prevent and rehabilitate health problems and to protect against the loss of neural cells. Two studies were designed and developed. The Study 1 aimed to observe the effects of a multimode physical activity program (MPAP) on the functional mobility of individuals in initial stages of PD to perform the DLAs. Twenty one individuals with PD in Stages 1 to 2 of Hoehn & Yahr scale started the MPAP and only 12 (65.92 ± 7 years of age) were reevaluated. The Study 2 verified the effects of a maintenance exercises program (MEP) on the functional mobility of individuals in advanced stages of PD to perform the DLAs. Ten individuals with PD in Stages 1 to 3 of Hoehn & Yahr scale initiated the program and only 8 (71.13 ± 8 years of age) were reevaluated. We analyzed the following variables in both studies: 1) control: anthropometric; age; clinical stage (Hoehn & Yahr scale and Unifiyng Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale), the mental state (Mini-Examination Mental State); functional: balance (Functional Balance Berg) and the functional capacities (flexibility, coordination, agility/balance, strength and endurance) through the AAHPERD; physical activity (Baecke Modified for the Elderly) and the quality of life (WHOQOL-Focus questionnaire) level; 2) dependents variables: time spent and number of steps in the motor performance of the Timed Up and Go (TUG)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Oliveira, Aide Angelica de. "Velhice e atividade física aquática: investigação sobre a hidroginástica em idosos". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12420.
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Previous issue date: 2012-12-17Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The practice of aquatic physical activity for the elderly is an important and strategic topic for both people, as in social terms. Among the aquatic physical activities, water aerobics has been receiving an increasing number of fans contributing, and when offered in a proper manner, to the improvement of the quality of life and for the rescue of the autonomy of the elderly. In water aerobics is the theme of this essay. This is a descriptive and exploratory study that aimed to investigate the relationship between aging, aquatic physical activity (gym) and the quality of life among the elderly. The research was developed in the Municipal sports Center located in Caieiras SP. The study population was made up of 100 subject, with equal or greater age of 60 years and practitioners of water aerobics for at least one year. For quantitative data collection was used a questionnaire covering personal and socioeconomic data; These data were collected through semi-structured interviews which had the objective of deepening aspects related to the regular practice of this kind of physical activity, the choice of the place and the perception of the subject about quality of life . Quantitative data were organized and worked by means of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows. As for the interviews, Bardin (2009) provided the framework for the analysis of the content (AC) of the lines of the subjects. Among the subjects, the predominant age was 60 to 69 years. On the other hand, the prevalence of women was significant (86%). These data were added to the collection of information about education, income, occupation, retirement, family status, marital status, religion, leisure and health conditions. The analysis of the data revealed not only the benefits of physical activity for the elderly population, as the importance of a multidisciplinary work
A prática da atividade física aquática para idosos é um tema relevante e estratégico, tanto para as pessoas, como em termos sociais. Dentre as atividades físicas aquáticas, a hidroginástica vem recebendo um número crescente de adeptos contribuindo, cada vez mais e quando oferecida de forma adequada, para a melhoria da qualidade de vida e para o resgate da autonomia dos idosos. Na hidroginástica situa-se o tema dessa dissertação. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório que teve por objetivo investigar a relação entre o envelhecimento, a atividade física aquática (hidroginástica) e a qualidade de vida entre idosos. A investigação foi desenvolvida no Centro Esportivo Municipal localizado na cidade de Caieiras-SP. A população deste estudo foi composta por 100 sujeitos, com idade igual ou maior de 60 anos e praticantes de hidroginástica há pelo menos um ano. Para a coleta de dados quantitativa foi utilizado um questionário contemplando dados pessoais e socioeconômicos; estes dados foram obtidos através de entrevistas semiestruturadas que tiveram o objetivo de aprofundar aspectos relacionados à prática regular desta modalidade de atividade física, à escolha do local e à percepção dos sujeitos sobre qualidade de vida . Os dados quantitativos foram organizados e trabalhados por meio do programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows. Quanto às entrevistas, Bardin (2009) forneceu os referenciais para a análise do conteúdo (AC) das falas dos sujeitos. Entre os sujeitos, a faixa etária predominante foi de 60 a 69 anos. Por outro lado, a predominância das mulheres foi expressiva (86%). A estes dados somou-se a coleta de informações sobre escolaridade, renda, ocupação, aposentadoria, condição na família, estado civil, religião, lazer e condições de saúde. A análise dos dados revelou não só os benefícios desta atividade física para a população idosa, como a importância um trabalho multidisciplinar
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Silva, José Messias Rodrigues da [UNESP]. "Efeito de um programa educacional promovendo a prática regular de exercício físico em indivíduos com osteoartrite de joelho". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144260.
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O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar os efeitos de um programa educacional promovendo a prática regular de exercícios físicos sobre a capacidade física, capacidade funcional e nível de atividade física diária de indivíduos com osteoartrite (OA) de joelho. Duzentos e trinta e nove pacientes da rede pública, de ambos os sexos, com diagnóstico de OA primária ou secundária de joelho, classificados como Grau I a IV de Kelgreen e Lawrence, e com indicação de tratamento clínico da OA foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em grupo intervenção (GI; n = 112) e controle (GC; n = 127). Todos os voluntários do GI e GC foram submetidos à avaliação da capacidade física (teste isocinético e teste de caminhada de 6 min - TC6), capacidade funcional (teste de subir e descer escadas, teste de sentar e levantar 5 vezes e Time Up and Go) e nível de atividade física diária (IPAQ versão curta), antes (pré), durante (6 meses) e após (12 meses) o período de seguimento. Após 6 meses de seguimento, o GI demonstrou melhora significativa (P < 0,05) na performance dos testes de subir e descer escadas (19%), sentar e levantar da cadeira (30%) e Time Up and Go (32,5%), bem como redução no índice de massa corpórea (P < 0,05), as quais se mantiveram após 12 meses seguimento. Também houve aumento no percentual de indivíduos muito ativos e ativos, bem como redução no percentual de indivíduos sedentários no GI ao longo do seguimento (P < 0,05). Dentre os testes funcionais, o GC melhorou apenas a performance para subir e descer escadas (12%, P < 0,05) após 6 meses de seguimento, mas a mesma não se manteve após 12 meses de seguimento. Também foi observado aumento no percentual de indivíduos muito ativos no GC ao longo do seguimento, porém este aumento foi de menor magnitude à observada no GI. Não foi observada alteração na capacidade muscular, capacidade aeróbia e flexibilidade após 12 meses de seguimento em ambos os grupos. Estes resultados sugerem que um programa educacional promovendo a prática regular de exercícios físicos pode ser efetivo para melhora da capacidade funcional de indivíduos com OA de joelho.
The purpose of present study was to investigate the effects of an educational program emphasizing the regular practice of physical exercise on physical fitness, functional capacity and daily living physical activity levels in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Two hundred and thirty-nine patients of the public health system (male and female), with primary or secondary knee OA (degree I to IV in the Kelgreen and Lawrence scale), and with indication for OA clinical treatment was randomly allocated in intervention (IG; n = 112) and control group (CG; n = 127). All subjects of both groups underwent assessment of physical fitness (isokinetic and six minute walking tests), functional capacity (seat-to-stand, stair climbing and Time Up and Go tests) and daily living physical activity (IPAQ short version), before (pre), during (6 month) and after (12 month) the follow-up. During 6 month of follow-up, the IG showed significant improvements (P < 0,05) on stair climbing (19%), seat-to-stand (30%) and Time Up and Go (32,5%) tests, as well as reduction on body mass index (P < 0,05), which were maintained during the 12 month of follow-up. There was also an increase in the percentage of actives and very actives subjects, as well as a reduction in the percentage of sedentary subjects in the IG during follow-up (P < 0,05). The CG improved only the stair climbing tests during the 6 month follow-up (12%, P < 0,05), but the improvement was not maintained during the 12 month of follow-up. There was also an increase in the percentage of very actives subjects in GC during follow-up; however, this increase was lower than the observed in the IG. There was no significant improvements on muscular capacity, aerobic capacity and flexibility during the 2 month follow-up in both groups. These results suggest that an educational program promoting the regular practice of physical exercise may be an effective tool for improving functional capacity in patients with knee OA.
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Barbosa, Jaqueline Caracas. "Pós-alta em hanseníase no Ceará: olhares sobre políticas, rede de atenção à saúde, limitação funcional, de atividades e participação social das pessoas atingidas". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6135/tde-09042009-102619/.
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Objetivo: Caracterizar a adequação das ações do programa de controle da hanseníase no momento do pós-alta nos municípios de Sobral e Fortaleza, Ceará, no plano de políticas públicas, organização da rede de atenção à saúde, limitação funcional e de atividades e participação social das pessoas atingidas. Metodologia: Pesquisa transversal descritiva realizada no período de agosto de 2006 a setembro de 2007. Incluiu 304 residentes afetados pela hanseníase dos dois municípios uma amostra de 10% dos que receberam alta entre 2003 e 2005. Além da construção do cenário técnico-político do pós-alta, foram realizados nos participantes exame físico dermatoneurológico, avaliação simplificada das funções neurais, caracterização sociodemográfica, caracterização da limitação de atividade e consciência de risco e caracterização da restrição à participação social. Resultados: A população era em sua maioria masculina, parda, com baixas condições socioeconômicas e com profissões/ocupações que ampliavam a vulnerabilidade para incapacidades físicas. Aqueles com marcante progressão do grau de incapacidade física eram, em sua maioria, multibacilares (87% em Sobral; 62,6% em Fortaleza). O acesso à atenção pós-alta foi frágil em relação a intervenções como cirurgias e atenção psicológica. Os estados reacionais contemplaram em grande parte a busca e oferta de atenção neste período. Aproximadamente 30% das pessoas em acompanhamento pós-alta tiveram necessidade de encaminhamentos adicionais. Esse acompanhamento não seguiu parâmetros de referência. Existiu baixa percepção de risco dos participantes (escore 0: 60,1% em Fortaleza; 56,5% em Sobral); não houve relação definida entre escala SALSA e idade ou EHF. A maioria não apresentou nenhuma restrição significativa à participação; aqueles com restrição configuravam-se principalmente no plano relativo aos aspectos do trabalho. Do ponto de vista técnico-político foram observados importantes avanços no país nas questões do pós-alta. Conclusões: Foram identificadas lacunas em termos da operacionalização da atenção às pessoas atingidas no momento do pós-alta em ambos os municípios. A análise integrada e ampliada dessa pesquisa possibilitou a verificação da fragilidade das ações voltadas ao momento do pós-alta nos municípios estudados. A abordagem das pessoas atingidas pela hanseníase mantém-se como um importante desafio para o SUS.Objective: To characterize the performance of actions of the Hansens Disease Control Programs in Sobral and Fortaleza municipalities, Ceará State, regarding health policy planning, organization of health care networks, activity and functional limitation and safety awareness, and social participation in affected people after release from treatment. Methods: Descriptive and cross-sectional study performed from August 2006 to September 2007. In total, 304 affected residents of both municipalities were included a sample of 10% of cases released from treatment between 2003 and 2005. Besides the analysis of technical and political scenarios, the following data were collected: dermatological and neurological examination, simplified assessment of neural deficits, socio-demographic characterization, assessment of activity limitation and safety awareness, and characterization of social participation. Results: The majority of the population was male, coloured, of low socio-economic status and performing jobs with increased vulnerability for development of physical disabilities. The majority of patients presenting with a high degree of physical disability were multibacillary (87%, Sobral; 62.6%, Fortaleza). The access to specific health care after release from treatment was limited, especially to surgeries and psychological care. Most cases attended were due to Hansens disease reactions. About 30% of people followed up after release from treatment needed additional evaluations by other specialists. Guidelines were not used when following up patients. There was a low risk perception of study participants (score 0: 60.1%, Fortaleza; 56.5%, Sobral) and no clear relation between SALSA scale and age or EHF score. Most participants did not present any significant participation restriction; if restrictions were present, work-related aspects were most frequently involved. Considering operational and political aspects, a progress was observed in these questions after release from treatment. Conclusions: Problems were identified related to application of health care after release from treatment. The present comprehensive and integrated analysis detected the fragility of measures focusing on Hansens disease patients after release from treatment in both municipalities. The assessment of these people continues to be an important challenge for Brazils Unified Health System.
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Talmelli, Luana Flávia da Silva. "Nível de independência funcional de idosos com Doença de Alzheimer". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-07102009-153748/.
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Capacidade funcional surge como novo conceito quando aborda a saúde do idoso, principalmente em se tratando de idosos com doença de Alzheimer (DA) onde o déficit cognitivo é esperado aliado ao funcional. Dessa forma as pesquisas relacionadas à capacidade funcional do idoso com DA vêm ao encontro das questões relacionadas ao cuidado desse idoso. Trata-se de um estudo observacional e transversal que teve com objetivo identificar comorbidades dos idosos com DA, mensurar nível de independência funcional, segundo a Medida da Independência Funcional (MIF), comparando com o estagiamento da demência, segundo a Avaliação Clínica da demência (Clinical Dementia Rating scale - CDR). A amostra foi constituída de 67 idosos. Os dados foram coletados em entrevistas domiciliares, utilizando-se de instrumento para identificação e perfil sociodemográfico, do Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) para avaliação do déficit cognitivo, da Medida de Independência Funcional (MIF) para avaliação da funcionalidade e, para estagiamento da demência, foi utilizada CDR. A média de idade dos idosos foi de 79 anos (+ 7,2), sendo 41,8% na faixa etária entre 75-79 anos. Houve predominio de mulheres 77,6% e viúvos 49,3%. Os idosos possuíam média de escolaridade de 5,6 anos, 73,1% tinham renda própria, 46,3% possuíam renda familiar de até 5 salários mínimos e residiam em média com 3,5 pessoas. Quanto às comorbidades existentes, 23,9 não possuíam e 53,7% tinham hipertensão arterial. O déficit cognitivo foi de 82%, e a média no MEEM de 9,3. Sobre o estagiamento da demência, 46,3% apresentavam demência grave, 22,4%% demência moderada e 31,3% demência leve. Quanto a funcionalidade, a variação dos escores observados na MIF foi igual à variação possível para MIF motora. A média geral da MIF global encontrada foi 71,1, a médias da MIF global foram 107,9; 84,5 e 39,7 para os idosos com demência leve, moderada e grave respectivamente. Os idosos com demência leve possuíam independência modificada ou necessitavam de supervisão, aqueles com demência moderada possuíam dependência mínima ou necessidade de supervisão e os idosos com demência grave eram totalmente dependentes. Foi encontrada forte correlação entre o nível de independência funcional (MIF global) com o estágio da demência e com o desempenho cognitivo (p<0,001). Não foram encontradas correlações estatisticamente significantes entre a funcionalidade e idade, sexo e presença de (co)morbidades. Concluiu-se que a capacidade funcional dos idosos com DA está relacionada ao estágio da demência, isto é, quanto mais grave a demência, maior o nível da dependência.Functional capacity emerges as a new concept in elderly health, mainly with respect to elderly people with Alzheimers disease (AD), when a cognitive deficit is expected, connected with a functional deficit. Thus, research on functional capacity in elderly people with AD is relevant for elderly care delivery. This observational, crosssectional study aimed to identify co-morbidities of elderly people with AD, to measure the functional independence level according to the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), in comparison with the dementia staging according to the Clinical Dementia Rating scale (CDR). The sample consisted of 67 elderly. Data were collected during interviews at the elderlys home, using an identification and sociodemographic profile instrument, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to assess cognitive deficit; the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) for functional assessment, and CDR to asses dementia staging. The mean age was 79 years (+ 7.2), with 41.8% between 75 and 79 years old. Women 77.6% and widowed people 49.3% were predominant. The elderlys mean education level was 5.6 years, 73.1% gained their own income, 46.3% gained a family income of up to 5 minimum wages and lived with an average of 3.5 people. As to existing co-morbidities, 23.9 had none and 53.7% had arterial hypertension. The cognitive deficit was 82% and the mean MMSE score 9.3. In dementia staging, 46.3% presented severe, 22.4%% moderate and 31.3% light dementia. With respect to functionality, the variation in FIM scores was equal to the possible variation for motor FIM. The mean global general FIM score was 71.1, the mean global FIM scores were 107.9 for light; 84.5 for moderate and 39.7 for severe dementia. Elderly with light dementia displayed modified independence or needed supervision; those with moderate dementia showed minimal dependence or supervision and elderly with severe dementia were fully dependent. A strong correlation was found between the functional independence level (global FIM) and dementia stage and with cognitive performance (p<0.001). No statistically significant correlations were found between functionality and age, gender and presence of co-morbidities. It was concluded that the functional capacity of elderly people with AD is related with the stage of dementia, that is, the more severe the dementia, the higher the level of dependence will be.
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Faria, Fernanda Roberta. "Influência da congestão pulmonar leve na atividade física de vida diária de pacientes em hemodiálise". Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2015. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1839.
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Previous issue date: 2015-06-26Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a systemic disease, which can compromise several organs and tissues in its advanced stage. In CKD patients on hemodialysis (HD) is commonly observed the decline in physical activity and the specific involvement of the respiratory system that can be affected by both the disease and by the treatment. Pulmonary congestion is a frequent change in patients with CKD. However there are no studies that have analyzed the influence of mild pulmonary congestion in physical activity of daily living (PADL) by an activity monitor. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of mild pulmonary congestion in physical activity of daily living of patients with CKD undergoing HD, as well as to know the behavior of these patients compared to PADL in the days of HD and non HD. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that evaluated 30 patients with CKD stage 5, of both sexes, mean age 49 ± 15 years. Patients were evaluated on two different days and all the evaluations were conducted in pre- HD period. On the first day, patients underwent the examination of thoracic ultrasound to assess pulmonary congestion. On the second day, they underwent the following ratings: anthropometry, pulmonary function test, test respiratory muscle strength, grip strength, functional classification of symptoms and physical functioning domain of the questionnaire of quality of life. The evaluation of AVFD was held for 7 consecutive days, from Monday to Sunday for 12 hours. Results: the linear regression was observed that mild pulmonary congestion influenced PADL (F = 0.009 p = 7.97). The active time and the number of steps were significantly lower (p <0.05) HD in days (113 ± 55 and 161 ± 69, respectively) compared to those without HD days (3286 ± 1798 and 4422 ± 2202, respectively) . The PADL correlated with physical functioning domain (r = 0.35; p = 0.05). In multiple regression analysis, the variables that explain the domain "physical functioning" were age (B = -0.96 p <0.001), functional classification of symptoms (B = -13.48 p <0.001), and grip strength Manual (B = 1.07 p = 0.005). Conclusion: mild pulmonary congestion influences PADL CKD patients in stage 5, contributing to the injury of PADL. Patients are less active in hemodialysis day than in those without hemodialysis days.
Introdução: A doença renal crônica (DRC) é uma doença sistêmica, que pode comprometer diversos órgãos e tecidos na sua fase avançada. Em pacientes com DRC em hemodiálise (HD) é comumente observado o declínio do nível de atividade física e o acometimento específico do sistema respiratório que pode ser afetado tanto pela doença como pelo tratamento. A congestão pulmonar é uma alteração frequente nos pacientes com DRC. Contudo não há estudos que tenham analisado a influência da congestão pulmonar leve na atividade física de vida diária (AFVD) por meio de um monitor de atividades. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a influência da congestão pulmonar leve na atividade física de vida diária dos pacientes com DRC submetidos a HD, assim como, conhecer o comportamento desses pacientes em relação à AFVD nos dias de HD e sem HD. Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo com delineamento transversal no qual foram avaliados 30 pacientes com DRC estágio 5, de ambos os sexos e idade média de 49 ± 15 anos. Os pacientes foram avaliados em dois dias distintos e todas as avaliações foram realizadas no período pré-HD. No primeiro dia, os pacientes realizaram o exame de ultrassom torácico para avaliar a congestão pulmonar. No segundo dia, foram submetidos às seguintes avaliações: antropometria, prova de função pulmonar, prova de força muscular respiratória, força de preensão manual, classificação funcional de sintomas e o domínio funcionamento físico do questionário de qualidade de vida. A avaliação da AVFD foi realizada durante 7 dias consecutivos, de segunda a domingo por 12 horas diárias. Resultados: na análise de regressão linear observou-se que a congestão pulmonar leve influenciou a AFVD (p=0,009 F=7,97). O tempo ativo e o número de passos foram significativamente menores (p<0,05) nos dias de HD (113 ± 55 e 161 ± 69; respectivamente) quando comparados aos dias sem HD (3286 ± 1798 e 4422 ± 2202; respectivamente). A AFVD apresentou correlação com o domínio funcionamento físico (r= 0,35; p= 0,05). Na análise de regressão múltipla as variáveis que explicam o domínio funcionamento físico foram: idade (B= -0,96 p<0,001), classificação funcional de sintomas (B= -13,48 p<0,001), e força de preensão manual (B= 1,07 p=0,005). Conclusão: a congestão pulmonar leve influencia a AFVD de pacientes com DRC em estágio 5, contribuindo para o prejuízo da AFVD. Os pacientes são menos ativos nos dias de hemodiálise do que nos dias sem hemodiálise.
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Dutra, Fab?ola Canal Merlin. "Desenvolvimento de prot?tipo de cadeira de banho para indiv?duos com paralisia cerebral tetrapar?tica esp?stica". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/14921.
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Previous issue date: 2008-08-18This study proposes to develop an equipment that attends the demands of tetraplegic people due to cerebral palsy and that promotes an adequate caregivers postural biomechanics during the shower activity of daily living. First, a bibliographic review was performed to define the terms refering to cerebral palsy, activity of daily living (specifically shower), and assistive technology, besides listing the wheelchairs made on the mainly national assistive technology companies. Therefore, this is a descriptive-exploratory study based on a literature review and on a based-field exploration research. On the field research a survey was adopted as a methodological procedure as it is related to a direct investigation related to a phenomenon, on the case, represented by the current shower situation of the people investigated in this study. Data were collected with the application of a form to the caregivers and consumers of the medical-therapeutic treatment and place used by the participants. Such form, which was made up of open and close questions, tried to identify, besides the personal data of evaluated users and consumers, the characteristics of the current shower activity, such as the place where it takes place in the house, the used equipmentS, in the case there is any, and how often it occurs. The form also was used to identify the caregivers and consumers desires and perceptions in relation to the present characteristics of the new dispositive besides the users and consumers anthropometric data. The evaluation of the results obtained through the form, together with the practice and clinical experience of the researchers and engineers involved in this study, made it possible to develop and make up a real shower chair prototype with the specific adjusts destined to adequate the equipment to be used according to the needs of each user and consumer
Esta pesquisa tem como proposta desenvolver um equipamento que atenda as exig?ncias motoras de indiv?duos com paralisia cerebral tetrapar?tica esp?stica e promova biomec?nica postural adequada aos cuidadores para a atividade da vida di?ria referente ao banho. Inicialmente, o levantamento bibliogr?fico buscou definir os termos referentes ? paralisia cerebral, atividade da vida di?ria especificando o banho, e tecnologia assistiva, al?m de listar cadeiras de banho fabricadas nas principais ind?strias de produtos de tecnologia assistiva do mercado nacional. Desta forma, o trabalho tem sua forma??o baseada na pesquisa do tipo descritiva-explorat?ria atrav?s de investiga??o em fontes bibliogr?ficas e em pesquisa de campo. Na pesquisa de campo foi adotado como procedimento metodol?gico o levantamento, por se tratar de uma investiga??o direta relativa a um fen?meno que se deseja aprofundar, no caso, representado pela situa??o atual do banho dos indiv?duos deste estudo. Os dados foram coletados com a aplica??o de formul?rio junto aos cuidadores/consumidores em locais de tratamento m?dico-terap?utico freq?entados pelos indiv?duos participantes. O formul?rio, atrav?s de perguntas abertas e fechadas buscou identificar, al?m dos dados pessoais dos usu?rios e consumidores, as caracter?sticas da atividade do banho atual, como o local da casa onde o banho ? realizado; qual o equipamento utilizado, no caso de haver algum; e com que freq??ncia este ocorre. Tamb?m buscou identificar os desejos e percep??es dos cuidadores/consumidores em rela??o ?s caracter?sticas presentes no novo dispositivo, al?m de dados antropom?tricos dos usu?rios e consumidores. A avalia??o dos resultados obtidos atrav?s do formul?rio, somada a experi?ncia pr?tica-cl?nica do pesquisador e da equipe de engenheiros envolvidas no projeto, possibilitou o desenvolvimento e confec??o do prot?tipo real da cadeira de banho, com ajustes espec?ficos destinados a adequar o equipamento ao uso de acordo com as necessidades individuais de cada usu?rio e consumidor