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1
Martins, Vanessa, Douglas Ramos Guelfi Silva, Giuliano Marchi, Maurício Cunha Almeida Leite, Éder de Souza Martins, Ana Stella Freire Gonçalves, and Luiz Roberto Guimarães Guilherme. "EFFECT OF ALTERNATIVE MULTINUTRIENT SOURCES ON SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 39, no. 1 (February 2015): 194–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01000683rbcs20150587.
Анотація:
The current high price of potassium chloride and the dependence of Brazil on imported materials to supply the domestic demand call for studies evaluating the efficiency of alternative sources of nutrients. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of silicate rock powder and a manganese mining by-product, and secondary materials originated from these two materials, on soil chemical properties and on brachiaria production. This greenhouse experiment was conducted in pots with 5 kg of soil (Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico - Oxisol). The alternative nutrient sources were: verdete, verdete treated with NH4OH, phonolite, ultramafic rock, mining waste and the proportion of 75 % of these K fertilizers and 25 % lime. Mixtures containing 25 % of lime were heated at 800 ºC for 1 h. These sources were applied at rates of 0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 kg ha-1 K2O, and incubated for 45 days. The mixtures of heated silicate rocks with lime promoted higher increases in soil pH in decreasing order: ultramafic rock>verdete>phonolite>mining waste. Applying the mining waste-lime mixture increased soil exchangeable K, and available P when ultramafic rock was incorporated. When ultramafic rock was applied, the release of Ca2+ increased significantly. Mining subproduct released the highest amount of Zn2+ and Mn2+ to the soil. The application of alternative sources of K, with variable chemical composition, altered the nutrient availability and soil chemical properties, improving mainly plant development and K plant uptake, and are important nutrient sources.
2
Kowalska, Dorota. "Insects as a source of nutrients in animal feed." Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego 15, no. 3 (October 2, 2019): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5131.
Анотація:
Global production of compound feed in 2018 was 1.103 billion tonnes, which was an increase of 3% compared to 2017. To meet the needs of the growing livestock population, a further increase in compound feed production is necessary. The need for new, alternative nutrient sources for feed production, in order to meet the anticipated consumer demand for animal products, has led to an increase in research on the potential uses and effects of insect-derived products, such as whole insects or insect meals and oils. Insects appear to be one of the most promising alternatives to nutrient sources such as soybean and fish meal, commonly used in feed for livestock and aquaculture. The purpose of the review was to present the currently available literature on the use of insects as feed in livestock production and to systematize it in one easy-to-read document. Particular focus has been placed on the use of insect products for animals such as poultry, rabbits and pigs, as well as their effect on productivity, nutrient digestibility, performance, and product quality. The results of numerous studies suggest that insects can be a source of nutrients in feed for poultry, rabbits and pigs.
3
Karimi, Sajjad, Nasrollah Mahboobi Soofiani, Amir Mahboubi, and Mohammad Taherzadeh. "Use of Organic Wastes and Industrial By-Products to Produce Filamentous Fungi with Potential as Aqua-Feed Ingredients." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (September 14, 2018): 3296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093296.
Анотація:
Organic-rich waste and industrial by-product streams, generated in enormous amounts on a daily basis, contain substantial amounts of nutrients that are worthy of recovery. Biological conversion of organic-waste streams using filamentous fungi is a promising approach to convert nutrients into value-added bioproducts, such as fungal biomass. High-protein fungal biomass contains different kinds and levels of amino acids, fatty acids, immunostimulants, antioxidants, pigments, etc., which make it a potential choice for application in animal feed supplementation. Considering the challenges long faced by the aquaculture industry in fishmeal production due to the increasing prices and environmental concerns, the aquaculture industry is forced to provide alternative protein-rich sources to replace conventional fishmeal. In this review, the possibilities of utilization of filamentous fungi biomass cultivated on organic-rich waste streams, as an alternative nutrient source in fish feed, were thoroughly reviewed.
4
Siti Juariah. "POTENSI UBI JALAR PUTIH (Ipomoea batatas linneaus varietas) SEBAGAI MEDIA ALTERNATIF PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus." Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia 10, no. 1 (June 25, 2021): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.51887/jpfi.v10i1.1163.
Анотація:
Bacterial growth is highly dependent on nutrient sources, energy sources and environmental conditions. Nutrien agar is a medium that is often used for bacterial growth. The use of Nutrien agar requires a high cost, so it is considered to have no economic value. The use of alternative media is cheap, easy to obtain, and has a large source of nutrients for the growth of the required bacteria. White sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas linneaus variety) has a high carbohydrate content to be used as a carbon source for bacterial growth. The purpose of this study was to reveal the potential of white sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas linneaus variety) as an alternative medium for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This research uses experimental laboratory methods. Staphylococcus aureus growth was observed, and total plate number was calculated on nutrien agar and white sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas linneaus varieties) media. Based on the research results, Nutrien agar is small in size, from 0.1 cm to a yellow colour and round shape. In comparison, the white sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas linneaus variety) has a small size of 0.1 cm, milky white with a round shape. The results of the calculation of the otal plate number from the Nutrien agar medium was 1.6 X (104) CFU. In comparison, the total plate number from the white sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas linneaus variety) medium was 8.9 X (104) CFU. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that white sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas linneaus variety) can be used as an alternative medium for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
5
Timsina, Jagadish. "Can Organic Sources of Nutrients Increase Crop Yields to Meet Global Food Demand?" Agronomy 8, no. 10 (October 3, 2018): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8100214.
Анотація:
Meeting global demand of safe and healthy food for the ever-increasing population now and into the future is currently a crucial challenge. Increasing crop production by preserving environment and mitigating climate change should thus be the main goal of today’s agriculture. Conventional farming is characterized by use of high-yielding varieties, irrigation water, chemical fertilizers and synthetic pesticides to increase yields. However, due to either over- or misuse of chemical fertilizers or pesticides in many agro-ecosystems, such farming is often blamed for land degradation and environmental pollution and for adversely affecting the health of humans, plants, animals and aquatic ecosystems. Of all inputs required for increased agricultural production, nutrients are considered to be the most important ones. Organic farming, with use of organic sources of nutrients, is proposed as a sustainable strategy for producing safe, healthy and cheaper food and for restoring soil fertility and mitigating climate change. However, there are several myths and controversies surrounding the use of organic versus inorganic sources of nutrients. The objectives of this paper are: (i) to clarify some of the myths or misconceptions about organic versus inorganic sources of nutrients and (ii) to propose alternative solutions to increase on-farm biomass production for use as organic inputs for improving soil fertility and increasing crop yields. Common myths identified by this review include that organic materials/fertilizers can: (i) supply all required macro- and micro-nutrients for plants; (ii) improve physical, chemical and microbiological properties of soils; (iii) be applied universally on all soils; (iv) always produce quality products; (v) be cheaper and affordable; and (vi) build-up of large amount of soil organic matter. Other related myths are: “legumes can use entire amount of N2 fixed from atmosphere” and “bio-fertilizers increase nutrient content of soil.” Common myths regarding chemical fertilizers are that they: (i) are not easily available and affordable, (ii) degrade land, (iii) pollute environment and (iv) adversely affect health of humans, animals and agro-ecosystems. The review reveals that, except in some cases where higher yields (and higher profits) can be found from organic farming, their yields are generally 20–50% lower than that from conventional farming. The paper demonstrates that considering the current organic sources of nutrients in the developing countries, organic nutrients alone are not enough to increase crop yields to meet global food demand and that nutrients from inorganic and organic sources should preferably be applied at 75:25 ratio. The review identifies a new and alternative concept of Evergreen Agriculture (an extension of Agroforestry System), which has potential to supply organic nutrients in much higher amounts, improve on-farm soil fertility and meet nutrient demand of high-yielding crops, sequester carbon and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, provide fodder for livestock and fuelwood for farmers and has potential to meet global food demand. Evergreen Agriculture has been widely adapted by tens of millions of farmers in several African countries and the review proposes for evaluation and scaling-up of such technology in Asian and Latin American countries too.
6
Gomes Gradíssimo, Diana, Luciana Pereira Xavier, and Agenor Valadares Santos. "Cyanobacterial Polyhydroxyalkanoates: A Sustainable Alternative in Circular Economy." Molecules 25, no. 18 (September 22, 2020): 4331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25184331.
Анотація:
Conventional petrochemical plastics have become a serious environmental problem. Its unbridled use, especially in non-durable goods, has generated an accumulation of waste that is difficult to measure, threatening aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The replacement of these plastics with cleaner alternatives, such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), can only be achieved by cost reductions in the production of microbial bioplastics, in order to compete with the very low costs of fossil fuel plastics. The biggest costs are carbon sources and nutrients, which can be appeased with the use of photosynthetic organisms, such as cyanobacteria, that have a minimum requirement for nutrients, and also using agro-industrial waste, such as the livestock industry, which in turn benefits from the by-products of PHA biotechnological production, for example pigments and nutrients. Circular economy can help solve the current problems in the search for a sustainable production of bioplastic: reducing production costs, reusing waste, mitigating CO2, promoting bioremediation and making better use of cyanobacteria metabolites in different industries.
7
TENNAKOON, N. A., and S. D. HEMAPALA BANDARA. "NUTRIENT CONTENT OF SOME LOCALLY AVAILABLE ORGANIC MATERIALS AND THEIR POTENTIAL AS ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF NUTRIENTS FOR COCONUT." COCOS 15 (August 12, 2010): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/cocos.v15i0.2185.
8
Piovan, A., P. Brun, G. Peron, R. Filippini, S. Dall'Acqua, and R. Caniato. "Euglena gracilis as an alternative source of nutrients." Planta Medica 81, S 01 (December 14, 2016): S1—S381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1596847.
9
Shi, Jie, Qian Leng, Junying Zhu, Huiwang Gao, Xinyu Guo, and Xinyan Mao. "Influences of Nutrient Sources on the Alternation of Nutrient Limitations and Phytoplankton Community in Jiaozhou Bay, Southern Yellow Sea of China." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 12, 2020): 2224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062224.
Анотація:
A marine ecosystem box model was developed to reproduce the seasonal variations nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton biomasses in Jiaozhou Bay (JZB) of China. Then, by removing each of the external sources of nutrients (river input, aquaculture, wastewater discharge, and atmospheric deposition) in the model calculation, we quantitatively estimated its influences on nutrient structure and the phytoplankton community. Removing the river input of nutrients enhanced silicate (SIL) limitation to diatoms (DIA) and decreased the ratio of DIA to flagellates (FLA); removing the aquaculture input of nutrients decreased FLA biomass because it provided less dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) but more dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) as compared to the Redfield ratio; removing the wastewater input of nutrients changed the DIN concentration dramatically, but had a relatively weaker impact on the phytoplankton community than removing the aquaculture input; removing atmospheric deposition had a negligible influence on the model results. Based on these results, we suppose that the change in the external nutrients sources in the past several decades can explain the long-term variations in nutrient structure and phytoplankton community. Actually, the simulations for the 1960s, 1980s, and 2000s in JZB demonstrated the shift of limiting nutrients from DIP to SIL. A reasonable scenario for this is the decrease in riverine SIL and increase in DIP from aquaculture that has reduced DIA biomass, promoted the growth of FLA, and led to the miniaturization of the phytoplankton.
10
Rodrigues, Marlon, Marcos Rafael Nanni, Carlos Augusto Posser Silveira, and Anderson Antonio da Silva Gualberto. "Mining coproducts as alternative sources of nutrients for the cultivation of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)." Journal of Cleaner Production 291 (April 2021): 125925. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.125925.
11
Torqueti, Sabrina Thereza dos Santos, Karina Volpi Furtini Boldrin, Ângela Maria Pereira do Nascimento, Patrícia Duarte de Oliveira Paiva, Antônio Eduardo Furtini Neto, and Iracema Clara Alves Luz. "Alternative potassium source for the cultivation of ornamental sunflower." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 40, no. 3 (June 2016): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542016403036115.
Анотація:
ABSTRACT Brazil is dependent on importation of fertilizers, especially the potassics. Rocks and minerals that contain nutrients have a potential for use in agriculture as fertilizer, especially those of slow solubilization and that exhibit residual effect. In this context, the objective was to assess the feasibility of glauconite rock as potassium source for the cultivation of ornamental sunflower. The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions arranged in an entirely randomized design, in a 4x4 + 4 factorial scheme, with four replicates and one plant per plot. Four glauconite-based fertilizers were used as a potassium source: fine grained glauconite, fine grained organo-mineral glauconite, coarse grained glauconite and coarse grained organo-mineral glauconite, in four doses, as well as an additional treatment with four doses of KCl, the principal conventional source of the nutrient. The height of the flower stalks, the diameter of the stem and floral capitulum, the number of cultivation days and post-harvest durability were evaluated. The application of KCl yielded the production of flower stems with greater height and larger capitulum diameter in relation to the supply of glauconite. Among the glauconite based fertilizers, the fine grained organo-mineral product provided the best flower charateristics. The postharvest commercial durability of the flower stalks was higher in plants that received the glauconite and fine grained organo-mineral glauconite. The fine grained organo-mineral glauconite surpasses all other alternative sources of potassium in relation to the agronomic characteristics evaluated.
12
., Jayanti, Kshitij Agarwal, and Prem Saini. "Nutritional Assessment of Leaves of Wild Edible Plant Urtica ardence." Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research 1, no. 02 (June 30, 2013): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30750/ijpbr.1.2.10.
Анотація:
Considering the growing need to identify alternative bio-nutritional sources, wild edible leaves consumed in forest zone of Uttarakhand, India were evaluated for their nutritive value in order to prioritize edible wild plant suitable for domestication. The result showed significance of wild plant species as important source of nutrient for rural poor people. The nutritional value of leaves of wild plant Urtica ardence were evaluated in terms of protein, carbohydrate, fat, fiber content, vitamin content, reducing sugars and minerals. Urtica ardence had a significant level of above nutrients and therefore was identified as promising specie for promotion as backyard planting especially farming systems suffering from crop loss, food shortage and chronic malnutrition.
13
Silkina, Alla, Naomi E. Ginnever, Fleuriane Fernandes, and Claudio Fuentes-Grünewald. "Large-Scale Waste Bio-Remediation Using Microalgae Cultivation as a Platform." Energies 12, no. 14 (July 19, 2019): 2772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12142772.
Анотація:
Municipal and agricultural waste treatment is one of the key elements of reducing environmental impact with direct effects on the economy and society. Algal technology has been tested to enable effective recycling and valorisation of wastewater nutrients including carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. An integrated evaluation and optimisation of the sustainability of an algal bio-refinery, including mass and energy balances, carbon, water and nutrient use and impact analysis, was assessed. A bio-refinery approach of waste remediation using algal cultivation was developed at Swansea University, focusing on nutrient recovery via algal biomass exploitation in pilot facilities. Mass cultivation (up to 1.5 m3) was developed with 99% of nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by microalgal cultures. Nannochloropsis oceanica was used as a biological model and grown on three waste sources. The compounds obtained from the biomass were evaluated for animal feed and as a potential source of energy. The bioremediation through algal biotechnology was examined and compared to alternative nutrient recovery passive and active methods in order to know the most efficient way of excess nutrient management. Conclusions emphasise the high potential of algal biotechnology for waste remediation and nutrients recovery, despite the need for further development and scalable applications of this new technology.
14
Huang, Fei-Yang, Michael P. F. Sutcliffe, and Fabian Grabenhorst. "Preferences for nutrients and sensory food qualities identify biological sources of economic values in monkeys." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 26 (June 21, 2021): e2101954118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2101954118.
Анотація:
Value is a foundational concept in reinforcement learning and economic choice theory. In these frameworks, individuals choose by assigning values to objects and learn by updating values with experience. These theories have been instrumental for revealing influences of probability, risk, and delay on choices. However, they do not explain how values are shaped by intrinsic properties of the choice objects themselves. Here, we investigated how economic value derives from the biologically critical components of foods: their nutrients and sensory qualities. When monkeys chose nutrient-defined liquids, they consistently preferred fat and sugar to low-nutrient alternatives. Rather than maximizing energy indiscriminately, they seemed to assign subjective values to specific nutrients, flexibly trading them against offered reward amounts. Nutrient–value functions accurately modeled these preferences, predicted choices across contexts, and accounted for individual differences. The monkeys’ preferences shifted their daily nutrient balance away from dietary reference points, contrary to ecological foraging models but resembling human suboptimal eating in free-choice situations. To identify the sensory basis of nutrient values, we developed engineering tools that measured food textures on biological surfaces, mimicking oral conditions. Subjective valuations of two key texture parameters—viscosity and sliding friction—explained the monkeys’ fat preferences, suggesting a texture-sensing mechanism for nutrient values. Extended reinforcement learning and choice models identified candidate neuronal mechanisms for nutrient-sensitive decision-making. These findings indicate that nutrients and food textures constitute critical reward components that shape economic values. Our nutrient-choice paradigm represents a promising tool for studying food–reward mechanisms in primates to better understand human-like eating behavior and obesity.
15
Pinto, C. S., A. L. R. Magalhães, A. L. Teodoro, G. C. Gois, R. M. L. Véras, F. S. Campos, D. B. Nascimento, A. P. Andrade, L. P. Oliveira, and I. E. Lima. "Potential alternative feed sources for ruminant feeding from the biodiesel production chain by-products." South African Journal of Animal Science 50, no. 1 (April 20, 2020): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v50i1.8.
Анотація:
This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, fractionation of nitrogen compounds and carbohydrates, digestibility parameters, gas production kinetics and ruminal fermentation of fruit seed cakes. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three fruit seed cakes (treatments) and four replications. The cakes were made of seeds of custard apple (Annona squamosa), soursop (Annona muricata) and passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), which were collected in a biodiesel plant. The passion fruit seed cake presented the highest content of dry matter, neutral detergent fibre crude protein (NDFcp), acid detergent fibre (ADF), lignin and total carbohydrates (P<0.05). The custard apple seed cake presented high proportions of crude protein, condensed tannins and digestible energy (P<0.05). The soursop seed cake presented higher values for ether extract and total digestible nutrients (P<0.05). For potential degradability, the authors detected a difference between the custard apple, soursop and passion fruit seed cakes. The total volume of gases was higher for custard apple and soursop seed cakes. Custard apple seed cake presented higher proportions of in vitro degradation parameters (P<0.05). Thus this cake could provide greater nutrient levels when supplied in ruminant diets, followed by soursop seed cake and passion fruit seed cake.
Keywords: alternative food, by-products, ruminant feeding, seed cake, semi-arid
16
Bouras, Sofoklis, Nikolaos Katsoulas, Dimitrios Antoniadis, and Ioannis T. Karapanagiotidis. "Use of Biofuel Industry Wastes as Alternative Nutrient Sources for DHA-Yielding Schizochytrium limacinum Production." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (June 26, 2020): 4398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124398.
Анотація:
The simultaneous use of crude glycerol and effluent from anaerobic digestate, both wastes derived from the biofuel industry, were tested in the frame of circular economy concept, as potential low-cost nutrient sources for the cultivation of rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) oil microalgae strain Schizochytrium limacinum SR21. Initially, the optimal carbon and nitrogen concentration levels for high S. limacinum biomass and lipids production were determined, in a culture media containing conventional, high cost, organic nitrogen sources (yeast extract and peptone), micronutrients and crude glycerol at varying concentrations. Then, the effect of a culture media composed of crude glycerol (as carbon source) and effluent digestate at varying proportions on biomass productivity, lipid accumulation, proximate composition, carbon assimilation and fatty acid content were determined. It was shown that the biomass and total lipid content increased considerably with varying effluent concentrations reaching 49.2 g L−1 at 48% (v/v) of effluent concentration, while the lipid yield at the same effluent concentration reached 10.15 g L−1, compared to 17.0 g L−1 dry biomass and 10.2 g L−1 lipid yield when yeast extract and peptone medium with micronutrients was used. Compared to the control treatment, the above production was obtained with 48% less inorganic salts, which are needed for the preparation of the artificial sea water. It was shown that Schizochytrium limacinum SR21 was able to remediate 40% of the total organic carbon content of the biofuel wastes, while DHA productivity remained at low levels with saturated fatty acids comprising the main fraction of total fatty acid content. The results of the present study suggest that the simultaneous use of two waste streams from the biofuel industry can serve as potential nutrient sources for the growth of Schizochytrium limacinum SR21, replacing the high cost organic nutrients and up to one half the required artificial sea water salts, but upregulation of DHA productivity through optimization of the abiotic environment is necessary for industrial application, including aqua feed production.
17
Agil, Rania, Chloé Gilbert, Hamed Tavakoli, and Farah Hosseinian. "Redefining Unusable Weeds to Beneficial Plants: Purslane as a Powerful Source of Omega-3 for the Future." Journal of Food Research 4, no. 6 (November 3, 2015): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v4n6p39.
Анотація:
<p>With global consumer demand shifting towards the consumption of healthier foods, it is crucial to discover new sources of edible plants with high nutritional value and low cost. Unique weeds such as purslane have the potential to be used as an untapped source of unconventional food with diverse nutrients and beneficial bioactive properties. Inflammation can cause oxidative stress related diseases including cardiovascular disorders, aging and cancer. One key nutrient of purslane is omega-3 with potential of inhibitory properties against inflammatory and estrogenic mediators. Purslane is known to be a rich source of a-linolenic acid, 18:3 ω-3, an essential fatty acid, carotenes, antioxidants and minerals. However, the precise mechanism of action of its individual components in disease prevention is unknown. This review provides a summary on the role of purslane bioactives, particularly omega-3 fatty acids as one of purslane’s main constituents with potential of anti-inflammatory and anti-estrogenic properties. The discovery of new sources of plants rich in omega-3 fatty acids may be a useful strategy in utilizing natural alternative sources of foods that can enhance human health and wellbeing.</p>
18
Kupaeva, N. V., and E. A. Kotenkova. "SEARCH FOR ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF NATURAL PLANT ANTIOXIDANTS FOR FOOD INDUSTRY." Food systems 2, no. 3 (October 5, 2019): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2618-9771-2019-2-3-17-19.
Анотація:
According to the data of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, global food losses are about one third of their total output, mainly due to spoilage. Therefore, a search for safe methods of shelf life extension is an important task, especially for products for specialized nutrition. According to literature data, natural antioxidants can be alternative to existing preservatives due to its ability to inhibit oxidation of the main nutrients. Pulp, seeds and peel of quince, apple «Simirenko», feijoa, persimmon, Jerusalem artichoke, white, red and yellow onion were objects of the study. The total antioxidant capacity was determined by Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) methods and expressed in µmol equiv. Trolox / g of sample and µmol equiv. Dihydroquercetin / g of sample. It was noticed that peels demonstrated higher antioxidant activity, and red onion husk possessed the highest value, which was 722.8 ± 13.9 µmol equiv. Dihydroquercetin / g of sample and 3357.5 ± 42.2 µmol equiv. Trolox / g of sample. It was shown that the use of fruit and vegetable wastes is promising for production of food-grade antioxidants. In addition, the results of the research could facilitate stimulation of rational and efficient environmental management.
19
Lima, Mauricio Silva de, Wendel José Teles Pontes, and Rafaella de Lucena Nóbrega. "Pollen did not provide suitable nutrients for ovary development in a ladybird Brumoides foudrasii (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)." Diversitas Journal 5, no. 3 (July 5, 2020): 1486–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17648/diversitas-journal-v5i3-877.
Анотація:
Coccinellids can exploit a wide variety of foods and other sources of nutrients to supplement their diet. The use of these secondary sources of food, is called an alternative diet. Some species are able to maintain their development and reproduction by feeding exclusively on an alternative diet, while the fecundity of others are compromised. One of the major sources of alternative food exploited by predator coccinellids is pollen. The aim of this research is test the hypothesis that pollen affects the fecundity of the B. foudrasii. A group of females were fed with nymphs and adults of F. dasylirii mealybug. A second groupe were feed with F. darsylirii along with pollen, and a third group was fed only pollen. All female beetles were observed for 10 days. The eggs were counted and the females were dissected, to access oocyte maturation. The results showed that only females fed with mealybugs oviposited. These females had an average of 18.9 mature oocytes. Females fed with the mix of mealybugs and pollen had an average of 17.4 mature oocytes. Females fed exclusively pollen had no mature oocytes. Our results suggest that pollen appeared to exert an inhibitory effect and oviposition behavior.
20
Zuba, SN, WCL Nogueira, LA Fernandes, RA Sampaio, and CA Costa. "Yield and nutrition of tomato using different nutrient sources." Horticultura Brasileira 29, no. 1 (March 2011): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362011000100009.
Анотація:
The effect of alternative sources of nutrients was evaluated on yield, nutrition and fruit quality of tomato cv Santa Clara in an agro ecological system, under natural conditions in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The experimental design was of completely randomized blocks with seven treatments and four replications, using eight plants per experimental plot. The treatments comprised of 1) conventional fertilization with NPK; 2) organic compost + natural phosphate + rock dust, applied separately; 3) organic compost produced from the addition of natural phosphate and rock dust + green manure; 4) organic compost produced from the addition of rock dust + natural phosphate + green manure; 5) organic compost produced from the addition of natural phosphate and rock dust + green manure; 6) natural phosphate + rock dust; and 7) organic compost + natural phosphate + rock dust + green manure. The highest production was obtained using chemical fertilizers. There was no difference among the treatments regarding the content of foliar nutrients and fruit diameter, pH and total soluble solids. The use of mineral and organic fertilizers significantly reduced the incidence of soft rot and pests in comparison to the use of chemical fertilizers.
21
Mihaylova, D., A. Krastanov, and N. Vasilev. "Non-hormonal feed additives as an alternative in animal reproduction." Trakia Journal of Sciences 18, no. 4 (2020): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2020.04.016.
Анотація:
Nowadays, a modern trend of the animal husbandry is to increase the reproductive potential of livestock and poultry. There is a large interest worldwide in discovering new and safe non-hormonal biologically active substances obtained from natural sources, which could substitute the synthetic hormones. The positive influence on reproduction in livestock of the biologically active substances of natural origin such as isoflavones, carotenoids, minerals, phytohormones, PUFAs, etc. represent a potential alternative. These substances are derived from various plant sources and micro and macro algae as well. In addition, those substances could provoke positive changes in animal reproduction practices, corresponding to the modern EU requirements for quality and safe for the human health nutrients. The present mini-review summarizes the known in respect of the trend of substitution of the hormonal ones and outlines the potential non-hormonal additives in livestock husbandry.
22
Cuzman, Oana Adriana, Katharina Richter, Linda Wittig, and Piero Tiano. "Alternative nutrient sources for biotechnological use of Sporosarcina pasteurii." World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 31, no. 6 (March 27, 2015): 897–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11274-015-1844-z.
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Wahab, Hasmawati, Ahmadi Ahmadi, and Hulyadi Hulyadi. "PERBANDINGAN VOLUME DAN MASSA NUTRIEN OPTIMUM PADA KARAKTERISTIK KIMIA NATA DE LERI DARI LIMBAH AIR CUCIAN BERAS." Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia 4, no. 1 (June 15, 2016): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.v4i1.43.
Анотація:
In the processing of rice into the rice used is rice that has been whased away, while the rice water thrown away because it was considered important that the rice water that is not used will be waste, it is necessary alternative in their utilization. The alternative is to make a food product by a fermentation process using bacteria Acetobacterxylinum called nata de leri. It is caused rice water contain nutrients such as carbohydrates, protein, and vitamin B1 or thiamine. This study aimed to compare the volume and optimum mass of nutrients at chemical characteristicts of nata de leri generated. This type of research was Pre-Experimental by varying nutrient source used was suger as a carbon source and tofu waste water as a source of nitrogen. In this research, was adding four variations of nutrient source that has been 100:25 (g/mL), 125:50 (g/mL), 150:75 (g/mL), 175:100 (g/mL). Furthermore, the analisisproksimat include moisture content, ash content, fat content, protein content, and carbohydrate content. Best treatment combination was obtained on the addition of nutrient source 125:50 (g/mL) which generate 78,7217% moisture content, ash content of 1,0707%, fat content of 0,5636%, protein content of 0,4776% and the carbohydrate content 19,1893%.
24
Wyness, Laura. "The role of red meat in the diet: nutrition and health benefits." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 75, no. 3 (December 8, 2015): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665115004267.
Анотація:
Red meat has been an important part of the human diet throughout human evolution. When included as part of a healthy, varied diet, red meat provides a rich source of high biological value protein and essential nutrients, some of which are more bioavailable than in alternative food sources. Particular nutrients in red meat have been identified as being in short supply in the diets of some groups of the population. The present paper discusses the role of red meat in the diets of young infants, adolescents, women of childbearing age and older adults and highlights key nutrients red meat can provide for these groups. The role of red meat in relation to satiety and weight control is discussed as the inclusion of lean red meat in a healthy, varied diet may help weight loss as part of an energy-reduced diet. A summary of the UK advice on the amount of red meat that can be consumed as part of a healthy, varied diet is also provided.
25
Hoyos C., Verónica, Stanislav Magnitskiy, and Guido Plaza T. "Effect of fertilization on the contents of macronutrients and chlorine in tobacco leaves cv. flue-cured (Nicotiana tabacum L.) in two municipalities in Huila, Colombia." Agronomía Colombiana 33, no. 2 (May 1, 2015): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v33n2.46839.
Анотація:
In Colombia, there is little information on tobacco crops and the effect of fertilization on the nutrient content of leaves. The aim of this study was to determine the contents of mineral nutrients in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L., cv. flue-cured) plants subjected to different fertilizer rates and sources in two municipalities in the Huila Province (Colombia). Six foliar analyses, with three measurements from vegetative growth to flowering and three measurements during harvest, were carried out. Seven treatments, including six fertilization alternatives (three doses and two alternative sources of application) and a commercial control, were evaluated. The contents of the macronutrients N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, and chlorine in the leaves were evaluated. The leaf analyses performed from vegetative growth to flowering showed differences in the foliar contents of nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, and chlorine between the two municipalities and over time, with contents that increased. During this stage, the elements with higher accumulations in the plants included N, K, and Ca. At harvest, the contents of potassium, magnesium, and calcium decreased over time. For nitrogen, sulfur and chlorine, differences were found in the time-municipality interaction.
26
KRZYŚKO-ŁUPICKA, Teresa, Łukasz KRĘCIDŁO, and Magdalena KRĘCIDŁO. "THE GROWTH OF SOIL FUNGI Penicillium IN THE PRESENCE OF N-(2-pyridylamino)methylenebisphosphonate AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF NUTRIENTS." Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica 338, no. 44 (December 30, 2017): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/aapz2017.44.4.09.
27
Bogan, Bill W., Lisa M. Lahner, Vesna Trbovic, Ann M. Szajkovics, and J. Robert Paterek. "Effects of Alkylphosphates and Nitrous Oxide on Microbial Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 5 (May 1, 2001): 2139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.5.2139-2144.2001.
Анотація:
ABSTRACT We conducted a series of liquid-culture experiments to begin to evaluate the abilities of gaseous sources of nitrogen and phosphorus to support biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Nutrients examined included nitrous oxide, as well as triethylphosphate (TEP) and tributylphosphate (TBP). Cultures were established using the indigenous microbial populations from one manufactured gas plant (MGP) site and one crude oil-contaminated drilling field site. Mineralization of phenanthrene was measured under alternative nutrient regimes and was compared to that seen with ammoniacal nitrogen and PO4. Parallel cultures were used to assess removal of a suite of three- to five-ring PAHs. In summary, the abilities of the different communities to degrade PAH when supplemented with N2O, TEP, and TBP were highly variable. For example, in the MGP soil, organic P sources, especially TBP, supported a considerably higher degree of removal of low-molecular-weight PAHs than did PO4; however, loss of high-molecular-weight compounds was impaired under these conditions. The disappearance of most PAHs was significantly less in the oil field soil when organophosphates were used. These results indicate that the utility of gaseous nutrients for PAH bioremediation in situ may be limited and will very likely have to be assessed on a case-by-case basis.
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Da Silva Berilli, Sávio, Enza Figueira Cazaroti, Raphael Magalhães Gomes Moreira, Ramon Amaro de Sales, and Ana Paula Cândido Gabriel Berilli. "LODO DE CURTUME COMO ADUBO ALTERNATIVO NA PRODUÇÃO DE RABANETE." ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA 35, no. 2 (June 26, 2020): 214–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17224/energagric.2020v35n2p214-224.
Анотація:
LODO DE CURTUME COMO ADUBO ALTERNATIVO NA PRODUÇÃO DE RABANETE
SÁVIO DA SILVA BERILLI1, ENZA FIGUEIRA CAZAROTI1, RAPHAEL MAGALHÃES GOMES MOREIRA1, RAMON AMARO DE SALES2, ANA PAULA CÂNDIDO GABRIEL BERILLI1
1Instituto Federal do Espirito Santo – Campus Itapina, BR 259, KM 70, Colatina-ES, Brasil, berilli@gmail.com, enzafigueira@hotmail.com, raphael.moreira@ifes.edu.br, anapaulacg@gmail.com.
2Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP: 36570 900, Viçosa - MG, Brasil, ramonamarodesales@hotmail.com.
RESUMO: O rabanete é uma planta herbácea de porte reduzido da família brassicaceas, que apresenta ciclo rápido de crescimento. Devido essa característica, é uma planta exigente em nutrientes, devendo ser cultivada em solos férteis. Uma potencial alternativa na fertilização do rabanete é o lodo de curtume, um resíduo de origem animal rico em nutrientes minerais essenciais as plantas. Com intuito de aproveitar os nutrientes contidos nesse resíduo e de conferir uma destinação adequada a esse material, este trabalho objetivou avaliar o lodo de curtume desidratado como adubo alternativo na produção de rabanete. O experimento foi realizado no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo, Campus Itapina. Utilizou-se um delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e seis tratamentos, contendo diferentes proporções de lodo de curtume misturado ao substrato (10%, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100%). O experimento teve duração de 45 dias, onde as plantas atingiram tamanho comercial e foram avaliadas as características de crescimento, matéria seca e os teores de clorofila. O lodo de curtume apresentou potencial de utilização na produção de rabanete como fonte alternativa de fertilização. O intervalo de recomendação desse resíduo na produção de rabanete está situado entre 32,1 e 47,0%, apresentando ganho nas principais características.
Palavras-chave: Raphanus sativus L., nutrição de plantas, olericultura, sustentabilidade.
CURTUME SLUDGE AS AN ALTERNATIVE FERTILIZER IN THE RADISH PRODUCTION
ABSTRACT: Radish is a small herbaceous plant in the brassicaceas family, which has a rapid growth cycle. Due to this characteristic, it is a nutrient-demanding plant and should be cultivated in fertile soils. A potential alternative for fertilizing radish is tannery sludge, an animal residue rich in essential mineral nutrients for plants. In order to take advantage of the nutrients contained in this residue and to provide an appropriate destination for this material, this work aimed to evaluate the dehydrated tannery sludge as an alternative fertilizer in the production of radish. The experiment was carried out at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Espírito Santo, Campus Itapina. A randomized block design with four replications and six treatments was used, containing different proportions of tannery sludge mixed with the substrate (10%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). The experiment lasted 45 days, where the plants reached commercial size and the growth characteristics, dry matter and chlorophyll contents were evaluated. The tannery sludge showed potential for use in the production of radish as an alternative source of fertilization. The recommendation interval for this residue in the production of radish is between 32.1 and 47.0%, showing a gain in the main characteristics.
Keywords: RaphanussativusL., plant nutrition, olericulture, sustainability.
29
Munir, Miftakhul, Romziah Sidik, and Gunanti Mahasri. "Peningkatan Nilai Nutrisi Pollard melalui Fermentasi Ragi Tempe sebagai Bahan Pakan Buatan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) [ Increased Nutritional Value Pollard Through Yeast Fermentation Tempe as Artificial Feed Ingredients Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)]." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 7, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v7i1.11236.
Анотація:
Abstract Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a type of fish that is easily cultivated in various places (pond, floating cage and rice fields). Pollard is an alternative feed ingredients that have great potential, both as a source of energy, crude fiber source, or sources other macro nutrients. Mold in fermentation used and contributes to a feed enzymes that help digestion and to penetrate into the network feed that network structure becomes brittle and breaks down and the surface becomes more widespread. more surface enables direct contact with digestive enzymes cellulose greater. The results of the analysis of the nutrient content of food research trials show that using tempeh fermentation pollard 0.2% can increase the nutritional value of protein pollard 14.88%. Pollard tempeh fermentation using 0.2% can improve the digestibility of crude fiber and digestibility of dry matter pollard. Feed consumption of tilapia in the treatment using fermented tempeh pollard 0.2% is not significantly different from the commercial feed. Pollard tempeh fermentation using 0.2% to 16.98% protein content can increase the growth rate of tilapia.
30
Mohammed, Jibrin Ndejiko, and Wan Rosmiza Zana Wan Dagang. "Implications for industrial application of bioflocculant demand alternatives to conventional media: waste as a substitute." Water Science and Technology 80, no. 10 (November 15, 2019): 1807–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.025.
Анотація:
Abstract The biodegradability and safety of the bioflocculants make them a potential alternative to non-biodegradable chemical flocculants for wastewater treatment. However, low yield and production cost has been reported to be the limiting factor for large scale bioflocculant production. Although the utilization of cheap nutrient sources is generally appealing for large scale bioproduct production, exploration to meet the demand for them is still low. Although much progress has been achieved at laboratory scale, Industrial production and application of bioflocculant is yet to be viable due to cost of the production medium and low yield. Thus, the prospects of bioflocculant application as an alternative to chemical flocculants is linked to evaluation and utilization of cheap alternative and renewable nutrient sources. This review evaluates the latest literature on the utilization of waste/wastewater as an alternative substitute for conventional expensive nutrient sources. It focuses on the mechanisms and metabolic pathways involved in microbial flocculant synthesis, culture conditions and nutrient requirements for bioflocculant production, pre-treatment, and also optimization of waste substrate for bioflocculant synthesis and bioflocculant production from waste and their efficiencies. Utilization of wastes as a microbial nutrient source drastically reduces the cost of bioflocculant production and increases the appeal of bioflocculant as a cost-effective alternative to chemical flocculants.
31
Alawode, Rhamatallah Adenike, Muhammed Muhammed Ndamitso, Yahaya Ahmed Iyaka, and Julian Chukwuemeka Anuonye. "Effects of fermentation on the proximate, anti-nutrients, minerals, fatty acids, and amino acids profiles of jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam) seeds." AROC in Food and Nutrition 01, no. 01 (September 5, 2021): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.53858/arocfn01013140.
Анотація:
Background: Fermentation has been recognized as one of the oldest ways of food processing that increase food quality by increasing nutrient bio-availability through the reduction in anti-nutrient compositions. The present study evaluated the effects of fermentation on nutrients and anti-nutrients composition of jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam) seed. Methods: The seed of Z. mauritiana was fermented for 24 hr. Standard analytical procedures were used to analyse the proximate, minerals, amino acid, fatty acid and anti-nutrient compositions of the seed sample at 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hr of fermentation. Results: The seed has high amounts of proteins, minerals, amino acids and low levels of anti-nutrients. The seed also has higher unsaturated than saturated fatty acids. Fermentation significantly increased the minerals compositions, decreases anti-nutrients and some amino acid levels but had no plausible effects (p>0.05) on proximate contents of the seed. Fermentation for 6 and 12 hr had no significant (p <0.05) effect on the fatty acids, however, at 18 and 24 hr a significant (p<0.05) reduction in fatty acid were recorded. On the basis of nutrient retention, the most plausible and positive effects of the fermentation on Z. mauritiana were observed at ≤ 12 of fermentation. Conclusion: Ziziphus mauritiana seed could be employed as an alternative source of nutrients for humans and animals. However, fermentation of Z. mauritiana should be done for a period of ≤ 12 hr if necessary
32
Srivarathan, Netzel, Thi Phan, and Sultanbawa. "Exploring the Nutritional Profile and Bioactive Potential of Australian Grown Saltbush (Atriplex sp.)." Proceedings 36, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019036083.
Анотація:
Plant foods play a vital role in human nutrition due to their diverse range of macro- and micro-nutrients, fibre and phytochemicals. However, more than 90% of the plant-food demand is satisfied by less than 0.1% of the edible plant species available. Moreover, none of the highly consumed ‘food-plants’ can survive without freshwater irrigation. As the world’s population rises and food sources become limited, alternative avenues for satisfying the world’s food demand are necessary. This persistent situation urges the domestication of wild terrestrial salt tolerant (halophytes) edible plants, of which saltbush (SB) was found to have a long history of use as animal feed and soil erosion control, while very little scientific information is available on its nutritional profile and dietary relevance. Therefore, the present study assessed the nutrient and phytochemical composition of Australian grown oldman SB (Atriplex nummularia) leaves to better understand its nutritional ‘value’ and potential bioactivity. The proximate results showed that SB leaves were rich in protein (20.1 ± 0.18 g/100 g DW), fibre (41.5 ± 0.20 g/100 g DW) and minerals (particularly Ca (1.44 ± 0.03 g/100 g DW), Na (4.13 ± 0.02 g/100 g DW), Mg (0.90 ± 0.01 g/100 g DW), and Fe (11.68 ± 0.35 mg/100 g DW). These initial findings provide important nutritional information to a very promising plant source that could be used alone or synergetic with other foods (e.g., alternative protein and/or fiber source, potential salt substitute). However, further studies need to be carried out to determine the complete nutritional profile of oldman SB leaves, the bioaccessibility/bioavailability of its main nutrients and phytochemicals as well as consumer acceptance in order to develop SB based food products.
33
Reddy, K. S., N. Kumar, A. K. Sharma, C. L. Acharya, and R. C. Dalal. "Biophysical and sociological impacts of farmyard manure and its potential role in meeting crop nutrient needs: a farmers." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 4 (2005): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03225.
Анотація:
Cropping in Madhya Pradesh, Central India, experiences an overall nutrient deficit of about 1 Mt of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) annually. In addition to increasing the supply of inorganic fertilisers, the balance between inputs and losses must also be met by indigenous organic sources such as farmyard manure. Although large amounts of animal dung are produced in India, less than 50% of this is currently used to produce farmyard manure. With the objective of increasing manure production and manure nutrient use in cropping, we surveyed 100 farmers from 4 randomly selected villages in Madhya Pradesh to: record perceptions and attitudes towards farmyard manure use for crop production; estimate nutrient balances; and test fields for concentrations of soil organic carbon (C), nitrogen, and available nutrients. All farmers’ field soils were low in organic C and available N, although available P, zinc and iron occurred in low to medium concentrations. However, the majority of farmers under-fertilised their crops, resulting in a negative nutrient balance; 0.9 Mt of NPK in 1997–98, which is predicted to increase to 1.8 Mt by 2020 over a 19 × 106 ha cropped area in Madhya Pradesh. All of the farmers surveyed believed that added farmyard manure improved their soil productivity and the majority also believed that farmyard manure increased crop yields; favourably affecting soil physical conditions and water-holding capacity. However, most farmers were not aware of the contribution of farmyard manure to plant nutrients. The major constraint listed by all the surveyed farmers was the insufficient quantity of farmyard manure available for field application. Its production was restricted by the competitive use of about 50% of cattle dung as a domestic fuel. The marginal farmers (<0.9 ha farm size) expressed their unwillingness to shift to other fuel sources, presumably due to limited cash flow from the farm, however 58–85% of farmers with larger holdings (0.9–25 ha) were receptive to using alternative fuel sources such as liquid petroleum gas. Although the nutrient content of farmyard manure was found to be relatively low (about 7.6 kg N/t dry farmyard manure), use of all animal dung for manure should be encouraged by introducing liquid petroleum gas supply in villages. This would help to reverse the negative nutrient balance in Madhya Pradesh soils via an integrated nutrient management approach (utilisation of all nutrient sources and optimisation of crop nutrient requirements).
34
Mercado, Ingrid, Xavier Álvarez, María-Eloiza Verduga, and Andrea Cruz. "Enhancement of Biomass and Lipid Productivities of Scenedesmus sp. Cultivated in the Wastewater of the Dairy Industry." Processes 8, no. 11 (November 14, 2020): 1458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8111458.
Анотація:
Microalgae are photoautotrophic microorganisms capable of producing compounds with potential bioenergetic applications as an alternative energy source due to the imminent exhaustion of fossil fuels, their impact on the environment, and the constant population increase. The mass cultivation of these microorganisms requires high concentrations of nutrients, which is not profitable if analytical grade culture media are used. A viable alternative is the use of agro-industrial wastewater, due to the metabolic flexibility of these microorganisms and their ability to take advantage of the nutrients present in these substrates. For the reasons mentioned above, the effect of the cultivation in wastewater from cheese processing on the growth parameters and biomass composition of Scenedesmus sp. was evaluated, and its nutrient removal capacity determined. A high lipid concentration was obtained in the cultures with the dairy effluent (507.81 ± 19.09 mg g−1) compared to the standard culture medium, while the growth parameters remained similar to the control medium. Scenedesmus sp. achieved high percentages of nutrient assimilation of the wastewater used (88.41% and 97.07% for nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively). With the results obtained, the feasibility of cultivating microalgae in agro-industrial wastewater as an alternative culture medium that induces the accumulation of compounds with potential bioenergetic applications was verified.
35
Shah, S. K., R. P. Shah, H. L. Xu, and U. K. Aryal. "Biofertilizers: An Alternative Source of Nutrients for Sustainable Production of Tree Crops." Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 29, no. 2 (January 23, 2007): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j064v29n02_07.
36
Garcia-Oliveira, Paula, Anxo Carreira-Casais, Cristina Caleja, Eliana Pereira, Ricardo C. Calhelha, Marina Sokovic, Jesus Simal-Gandara, Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira, Miguel Angel Prieto, and Lillian Barros. "Macroalgae as an Alternative Source of Nutrients and Compounds with Bioactive Potential." Proceedings 70, no. 1 (November 9, 2020): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods_2020-07648.
Анотація:
The consumption of macroalgae has increased in occidental countries, favored by the excellent nutritional properties of their food products and the bioactive properties attributed to them. The present work aims to analyze the nutritional values, the composition in fatty acids, organic acids and carotenoids of several macroalgae species: Codium tomentosum; Himanthalia elongata; Laminaria ochroleuca.; Saccharina latissima; Undaria pinnatifida; Porphyra sp. and Palmaria palmata. Furthermore, the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties were assessed. Regarding the composition of the macroalgae, the levels of proteins (which ranged between 6 and 30 g/100 g of dry weight (DW)) and the low levels of lipids (below 1 g/100 g DW for all the species) stand out. In the case of carotenoids, lycopene and chlorophyll a were detected in all samples. Regarding antioxidant activity, OxHLIA assay was employed. EC50 values varied between 1.7 and 650 µg/mL for L. ochroleuca and P. palmata. H. elongata presented the greatest antibacterial potential (0.5–2 mg/mL) while L. ochroleuca showed the best antifungal effects (2–4 mg/mL). These species have good nutritional values and present interesting bioactivities. Thus, the incorporation of this macroalgae into the daily diet could provide nutritional and health benefits to the consumers. In addition, they could be used as a source of compounds for the nutraceutical, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
37
Babu, Subhash, D. S. Rana, G. S. Yadav, Raghavendra Singh, and S. K. Yadav. "A Review on Recycling of Sunflower Residue for Sustaining Soil Health." International Journal of Agronomy 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/601049.
Анотація:
Modern agriculture is now at the crossroads ecologically, economically, technologically, and socially due to soil degradation. Critical analysis of available information shows that problems of degradation of soil health are caused due to imbalanced, inadequate and promacronutrient fertilizer use, inadequate use or no use of organic manures and crop residues, and less use of good quality biofertilizers. Although sizeable amount of crop residues and manure is produced in farms, it is becoming increasingly complex to recycle nutrients, even within agricultural systems. Therefore, there is a need to use all available sources of nutrients to maintain the productivity and fertility at a required level. Among the available organic sources of plant nutrients, crop residue is one of the most important sources for supplying nutrients to the crop and for improving soil health. Sunflower is a nontraditional oil seed crop produced in huge amount of crop residue. This much amount of crop residues is neither used as feed for livestock nor suitable for fuel due to low energy value per unit mass. However, its residue contains major plant nutrients in the range from 0.45 to 0.60% N, 0.15 to 0.22% P, and 1.80 to 1.94% K along with secondary and micronutrients, so recycling of its residue in the soil may be one of the best alternative practices for replenishing the depleted soil fertility and improving the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil in the present era of production. However, some researchers have reported allelopathic effects of sunflower residue on different crops. So, selection of suitable crops and management practices may play an important role to manage the sunflower residue at field level.
38
Nutautaitė, Monika, Vilma Vilienė, Asta Racevičiūtė-Stupelienė, Saulius Bliznikas, Jūratė Karosienė, and Judita Koreivienė. "Freshwater Cladophora glomerata Biomass as Promising Protein and Other Essential Nutrients Source for High Quality and More Sustainable Feed Production." Agriculture 11, no. 7 (June 24, 2021): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11070582.
Анотація:
A scientific justification, focused on the development of the sustainability of feed ingredients and farm animals’ ecosystems, is required. Thus, it is crucial to search for alternative feed materials from natural sources for potential applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prospective utilization of freshwater Cladophora glomerata (C. glomerata) as an alternative source of protein and other essential nutrients in animals’ feed. For this purpose, chemical analysis was performed on collected biomass samples from the Lithuanian rivers, Dubysa (B1), Šventoji (B2), Nevėžis (B3), and Jūra (B4). Microelements (Ca > K > N > P > Mg), trace elements (Zn > Cu), and heavy metals (Cr > Ni > Pb > Cd) have not exceeded permissible levels. The crude protein content of C. glomerata biomass ranged from 16% to 21.5% DM. The essential amino acid profile excelled, with the highest total amino acid amount of 140.99 g/kg in B4. The highest total presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids (11.71%) as well as the ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids (0.22) was observed in B1. The lowest ratio of omega-6/omega-3 was in B1 (1.30). As a result of bioaccumulation, C. glomerata could serve as a source of proteins, as well as amino and fatty acids, implying that biomass could be an alternative and a beneficial component of animal feed.
39
Jiwintarum, Yunan, Urip Urip, Anas Fadli Wijaya, and Maruni Wiwin Diarti. "NATURAL MEDIA FOR THE GROWTH OF CANDIDA ALBICANS CAUSES OF CANDIDIASIS BY ARTOCARPUS COMMUNIS." Jurnal Kesehatan Prima 11, no. 2 (April 10, 2018): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.32807/jkp.v11i2.10.
Анотація:
a candida albicans requires a source of nutrients especially carbohydrates that are sufficient for its growth. Semi-synthesis media is the most common medium for growing Candida albicans. Semi-synthesized media composes of natural and synthesis materials. An abundance of biological sources in nature with higher carbohydrate content than natural ingredients on semi-synthesized media encourage to find the materials of alternative media from different carbohydrate sources, particularly grains, one of them is breadnut seed. This study aimed to find out a potential of Artocarpus communis as an alternative media for the growth of Candida albicans causes of candidiasis. This study was true experiment, used 6 replications and 4 treatments with PDA as control media, the media of Artocarpus communis with concentration of 10%, 20%, and 30%. The data of Candida albicans growth was tested statistically used One Way Anova with 95% confidence level or α = 0.05. The result indicated that a number of Candida albicans growth on PDA media was 13.7 colonies, on alternative media of Artocarpus communis with the concentration of 10% was an average of 13.5 colonies, the concentration of 20% was an average of 16.3 colonies and the concentration of 30% was an average of 24 colonies. The conclusion: the Artocarpus communis can be employed as an alternative natural media of Candida albicans growth.
40
Johnes, Penny, Daren Gooddy, Timothy Heaton, Andrew Binley, Michael Kennedy, Paul Shand, and Hannah Prior. "Determining the Impact of Riparian Wetlands on Nutrient Cycling, Storage and Export in Permeable Agricultural Catchments." Water 12, no. 1 (January 6, 2020): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12010167.
Анотація:
The impact of riparian wetlands on the cycling, retention and export of nutrients from land to water varies according to local environmental conditions and is poorly resolved in catchment management approaches. To determine the role a specific wetland might play in a catchment mitigation strategy, an alternative approach is needed to the high-frequency and spatially detailed monitoring programme that would otherwise be needed. Here, we present a new approach using a combination of novel and well-established geochemical, geophysical and isotope ratio methods. This combined approach was developed and tested against a 2-year high-resolution sampling programme in a lowland permeable wetland in the Lambourn catchment, UK. The monitoring programme identified multiple pathways and water sources feeding into the wetland, generating large spatial and temporal variations in nutrient cycling, retention and export behaviours within the wetland. This complexity of contributing source areas and biogeochemical functions within the wetland were effectively identified using the new toolkit approach. We propose that this technique could be used to determine the likely net source/sink function of riparian wetlands prior to their incorporation into any catchment management plan, with relatively low resource implications when compared to a full high-frequency nutrient speciation and isotope geochemistry-based monitoring approach.
41
Basso, Claudir José, Marlo Adriano Bison Pinto, Antônio Luis Santi, Rodrigo Ferreira da Silva, and Diecson Ruy Orsolin da Silva. "Pig slurry as a nutrient source in wheat/corn succession." Revista Ceres 63, no. 3 (June 2016): 412–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x201663030019.
Анотація:
ABSTRACT Wheat and corn are important grains in the agricultural scenario of Brazil, and demand adequate supply of nutrients, particularly nitrogen, in crop succession. The use of pig slurry (PS) as a full and/or partial alternative to mineral fertilization in crop areas has been identified as an important alternative for the disposal of this waste. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the utilization of PS as fertilizer in wheat/corn succession under some plant parameters and grain yield. The experiment was conducted under field in randomized block design with four replications and five treatments, three with PS (40, 80, 160 m³ ha-1) and two controls (no fertilization and mineral NPK fertilization), which were applied manually in the soil shortly after sowing the crops. The application of PS proved to be a significant source of nutrients in wheat/corn succession. In comparison to NPK fertilization, this increase was only of 5.4% and 4.7% for wheat and corn, respectively. PS is an efficient alternative and it can be used as a source of these nutrients in wheat/corn succession, and the use of 80 m3ha-1 provides satisfactory results for all evaluated variables.
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Alcon, Cherry Lyn M., Aimee Sheree A. Barrion, and Marie Faye Nguyen-Orca. "Proximate Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Functional Properties of Breadnut Seed Flour (Artocarpus camansi)." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9, no. 8 (September 3, 2021): 1495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i8.1495-1499.4319.
Анотація:
Breadnut is an indigenous fruit commonly found in Southeast Asia. The authors recognized the potential of breadnut as a food source; thus, the study was set out to determine the proximate composition and antioxidant activity of breadnut seed flour. The sample was found to contain 75% carbohydrates, 9.07% fat, and 6.16% protein. Moreover, the flour made from breadnut yielded a DPPH scavenging activity of 97.33%, an indication of high antioxidant capacity. The flour was blended with wheat flour to investigate its functional properties. It was observed that the 50:50 breadnut seed flour and wheat flour showed potential in terms of water absorption capacity, fat absorption capacity, emulsion capacity, and foaming ability. With the rising population and threat to food and nutrition security, alternative sources must be explored. This study illustrated the potential of breadnut as a source of energy and other nutrients. More so, its functional behavior as an alternative or at least composite to wheat flour.
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Pérez-Pascual, David, Jordi Estellé, Gilbert Dutto, Charles Rodde, Jean-François Bernardet, Yann Marchand, Eric Duchaud, Cyrille Przybyla, and Jean-Marc Ghigo. "Growth Performance and Adaptability of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Gut Microbiota to Alternative Diets Free of Fish Products." Microorganisms 8, no. 9 (September 3, 2020): 1346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091346.
Анотація:
Innovative fish diets made of terrestrial plants supplemented with sustainable protein sources free of fish-derived proteins could contribute to reducing the environmental impact of the farmed fish industry. However, such alternative diets may influence fish gut microbial community, health, and, ultimately, growth performance. Here, we developed five fish feed formulas composed of terrestrial plant-based nutrients, in which fish-derived proteins were substituted with sustainable protein sources, including insect larvae, cyanobacteria, yeast, or recycled processed poultry protein. We then analyzed the growth performance of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) and the evolution of gut microbiota of fish fed the five formulations. We showed that replacement of 15% protein of a vegetal formulation by insect or yeast proteins led to a significantly higher fish growth performance and feed intake when compared with the full vegetal formulation, with feed conversion ratio similar to a commercial diet. 16S rRNA gene sequencing monitoring of the sea bass gut microbial community showed a predominance of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes phyla. The partial replacement of protein source in fish diets was not associated with significant differences on gut microbial richness. Overall, our study highlights the adaptability of European sea bass gut microbiota composition to changes in fish diet and identifies promising alternative protein sources for sustainable aquafeeds with terrestrial vegetal complements.
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Nairn, Carol, Iván Rodríguez, Yolanda Segura, Raúl Molina, Natalia González-Benítez, Mari Carmen Molina, Raquel Simarro, Juan Antonio Melero, Fernando Martínez, and Daniel Puyol. "Alkalinity, and Not the Oxidation State of the Organic Substrate, Is the Key Factor in Domestic Wastewater Treatment by Mixed Cultures of Purple Phototrophic Bacteria." Resources 9, no. 7 (July 20, 2020): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources9070088.
Анотація:
Domestic wastewater treatment by purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB) is based on the assimilative uptake of organics and nutrients into the bacterial biomass. Thereby, it strongly depends on the carbon/nutrients ratio of the wastewater. The physiological COD/N/P ratio for PPB growth in domestic wastewater makes the addition of an external organic carbon source necessary in order to allow for an efficient process. However, PPB need a source of alkalinity (as CO2) to grow on reduced organics that serves as an electron acceptor since biohydrogen production (an alternative electron sink) is inhibited by ammonium. A preliminary experiment showed that high nutrients-loading wastewater was limited by CO2 imbalance, leading to poor removal efficiencies. Subsequently, the effect of the oxidation state of the organics added as external organic carbon sources to PPB reactors treating low nutrients-loading domestic wastewater has been analyzed. Three organics were used as additives to PPB development in four consecutive batches: acetate (more oxidized), ethanol and butyrate (more reduced). The PPB population was settled and the general performance under the three situations, in terms of organics, N and P assimilation, and growth kinetics was not significantly different irrespective of the external organic carbon source. The reactors were dominated by PPB, though reduced organics allowed for dominance of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, whereas oxidized organics caused co-dominance of R. palustris and Rhodobacter capsulatus. Thereby, alkalinity (as bicarbonate), and not the oxidation state of the organics, is the key parameter for the efficient treatment of domestic wastewater by PPB.
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Kovitvadhi, Attawit, Pipatpong Chundang, Karun Thongprajukaew, Chanin Tirawattanawanich, Sunyanee Srikachar, and Banthari Chotimanothum. "Potential of Insect Meals as Protein Sources for Meat-Type Ducks Based on In Vitro Digestibility." Animals 9, no. 4 (April 9, 2019): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9040155.
Анотація:
There has been a dramatic increase in duck meat consumption. As a result, ducks are an interesting alternative type of livestock. Animal-based proteins such as fishmeal and animal by-products are valuable nutrients with high digestibility, but they are associated with cost fluctuations, pathogen contamination, and environmental impacts. Therefore, plant-based proteins are used, but they have the disadvantages of inappropriate amino acid profiles, anti-nutritional factors, and mycotoxin contamination. Insect meal contains favorable nutrients and low production costs and is environmentally friendly; however, there is a large number of insect species. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation is to screen insects for their potential use as a protein source in the duck diet. Insect meal with a high proportion of low-digestible components was shown to have low digestibility. Yellow mealworm larvae, giant mealworm larvae, lesser wax moth larvae, house fly larvae, mulberry silkworm pupae, and American cockroach nymph have the potential to be alternative protein sources for ducks. Insect meal has been widely studied and is used in animal nutrition to replace common protein sources that have several disadvantages and to promote sustainability in animal production. Two-step in vitro digestibility using crude enzyme extracts from digestive tracts of meat-type ducks (Cherry Valley) was performed on general protein sources and insect meals to compare the in vitro digestibility of organic matter (OMd) and crude protein (CPd). Variation in chemical components between different types of insect meal was found. A positive correlation was found between OMd and the ether extract composition in insect meal, whereas a negative correlation was shown between crude fiber and acid detergent fiber. Contrasting relationships were found between CPd and crude fiber and acid detergent fiber in insect meal. In conclusion, the yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor), giant mealworm larvae (Zophobas morio), lesser wax moth larvae (Achroia grisella), house fly larvae (Musca domestica), mulberry silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori), and American cockroach nymph (Periplaneta americana) are potential protein sources for ducks based on OMd and CPd digestibility after screening with an in vitro digestibility technique.
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Etchebarne, F., P. Aveni, J. L. Escudier, and H. Ojeda. "Reuse of treated wastewater in viticulture: Can it be an alternative source of nutrient-rich water?" BIO Web of Conferences 12 (2019): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191201009.
Анотація:
Water scarcity is a global problem, which leads to unprecedented pressure on water supply in arid and semi-arid regions. Treating wastewater is an alternative and valuable water resource, therefore its reuse for agricultural irrigation has been growing worldwide since the beginning of the 21st century. In several regions of the wine-producing countries subject to significant water stress (e.g., Australia, California-USA, Spain), wastewater recycling appears to be the most accessible alternative, both financially and technically, for the agricultural uses that notably not requiring drinking water. Therefore, this research was planned to quantify the contribution of treated wastewater (TWW) to fertilization-needs of the vine, evaluate the impact of irrigation with TWW on the soil, vegetative growth, yield, and wine and grape juice composition. The results provide scientific and technical knowledge on a strategy of water management with high added value. The fertilizer contribution of the TWW would be important, according to the plant's nutrient needs (e.g., in this study 19–39 Unit N, 0.5–1.1 Unit P and 14–28 Unit K ha−1 were supplied with TWW). Ensuring treated wastewater microbiological quality is essential, but without reducing of its nutrients. These nutrients would be a valuable input for crop growth and yield, and could reduce the need to resort for inorganic/synthetic fertilizers. A sustainable use of treated wastewater over the long term would, however, necessitate a good practice guidelines and an integrated vision of treated wastewater quality, crops, irrigation and post-harvest practices.
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Durruty, Ignacio, and Jorge Froilan Gonzalez. "Effect of Alternative Nutrient Sources During Anaerobic Degradation of Potato Wastewater." Science, Technology and Development 34, no. 2 (February 1, 2015): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/std.2015.94.100.
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Ferreira, Bárbara Campos, Camila de Andrade Carvalho Gualberto, Georgy Fourtaine, Hamilton Seron Pereira, Gaspar Henrique Korndörfer, Eduardo Spolidorio, and Luiz Carlos Clerot. "Kamafugite From the Alto Paranaíba Province as a Multi-nutrient Fertilizer." Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no. 10 (September 15, 2020): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n10p213.
Анотація:
The study evaluated the potential agricultural use of kamafugite as a multi-nutrient fertilizer in the cultivation of Urochloa brizantha. Two experiments were carried out under greenhouse conditions, one using a Ferralsol and the other an Arenosol. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replicates, in a factorial scheme 4 × 2 + 2, comprising four doses of kamafugite (1667, 3334, 6668, and 13336 mg dm-3), two product forms (filler and powder), and two additional treatments, TSF + KCl and a control treatment without K2O and P2O5 application. The sources were incubated for 60 days on two soil types and, after the incubation period, Urochloa brizantha plants were grown and two consecutive cuts were performed. The kamafugite was efficient in increasing plant dry mass and the levels of P, K, Ca, and Mg accumulated in plants, mainly in the 2nd Urochloa brizantha crop. The granulometry filler was more efficient in the sandy soil and the form powder in the clayey soil. Kamafugite can be used as an alternative source of nutrients for the Urochloa brizantha crop, being a low-cost and a potential source to improve tropical soil fertility over time.
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Olatunde, Oladipupo Odunayo, Soottawat Benjakul, and Ahmet Faruk Yesilsu. "Antimicrobial Compounds from Crustaceans and Their Applications for Extending Shelf-Life of Marine-Based Foods." Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 20, no. 8 (2020): 629–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v20_8_06.
Анотація:
Antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms have become a major challenge for public health and food industries because of their fast adaptability and slow response to synthetic antimicrobials. Bioactive compounds from marine sources exert various biological roles including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and anticancer properties. Their advantage as an antimicrobial compound is gradually be exploited, particularly in marine-based foods (MBFs), which are highly perishable since they are abundant in proteins, lipids, and other nutrients. Also, the growing demand for fresh products with prolonged shelf-life is making the MBFs industry to urgently seek the effective methods for preservation of fresh or refrigerated MBFs. Crustaceans, which are invertebrates, are valuable source of essential nutrient based on their richness in protein, carbohydrate, minerals, lipids, and vitamins. Additionally, the by-product from the processing of crustaceans could be used as an alternative source of antimicrobials, which can be employed in MBFs as natural preservatives. This review therefore revisited the recovery of antimicrobials compounds such as antimicrobial peptides, carotenoids, and chitosan derivatives from crustaceans. The uses of these crustacean antimicrobials in extending the shelf-life of MBFs are also discussed.
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Rodrigues Reis, Cristiano, Larissa Ogero D’Otaviano, Aravindan Rajendran, and Bo Hu. "Co-Culture of Filamentous Feed-Grade Fungi and Microalgae as an Alternative to Increase Feeding Value of Ethanol Coproducts." Fermentation 4, no. 4 (October 11, 2018): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation4040086.
Анотація:
Distiller’s grains, an important commodity in the feed and food chains, are currently underdosed in rations due to several factors, mainly nutrient imbalance. This study aimed to increase the linoleic acid content in distiller’s grains and decrease the excess nutrients in stillage water by the use of an artificial lichen, composed of fungi, algae, and a supporting matrix. A maximum concentration of 46.25% of linoleic acid in distiller’s grains was achieved with a combination of Mucor indicus and Chlorella vulgaris using corn-to-ethanol whole stillage as substrate. Microbial hydrolytic enzymes during fermentation were able to decrease the solids in whole stillage. Nitrogen depletion by microalgal uptake causes lipid-formation stress to Mucor indicus cells, increasing linoleic acid production to about 49% of the total lipids, potentially decreasing costs in the animal feed. The culture supernatant can potentially be recycled as process water to the ethanol fermentation tank, and enhanced distiller’s grains can replace animal-specific diets. This would reduce exogenous enzyme use and supplementation of unsaturated fatty acids from other sources.