Дисертації з теми "Balanced architecture"
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1
Chen, Jiawen (Jiawen Kevin). "Load-balanced rendering on a general-purpose tiled architecture." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33115.
Анотація:
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-80).
Commodity graphics hardware has become increasingly programmable over the last few years, but has been limited to a fixed resource allocation. These architectures handle some workloads well, others poorly; load-balancing to maximize graphics hardware performance has become a critical issue. I have designed a system that solves the load-balancing problem in real-time graphics by using compile-time resource allocation on general-purpose hardware. I implemented a flexible graphics pipeline on Raw, a tile-based multicore processor. The complete graphics pipeline is expressed using StreamIt, a high-level language based on the stream programming model. The StreamIt compiler automatically maps the stream computation onto the Raw architecture. The system is evaluated by comparing the performance of the flexible pipeline with a fixed allocation representative of commodity hardware on common rendering tasks. The benchmarks place workloads on different parts of the pipeline to determine the effectiveness of the load-balance. The flexible pipeline achieves up to twice the throughput of a static allocation.
by Jiawen Chen.
M.Eng.
2
Huang, Jinhui. "Revitalizing History in the New Metropolis Balanced Renewal Strategy of Zhongshan Road Commercial Area in Qingdao, China." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1583999100702099.
3
Macedo, Bruno Armindo Rodrigues de Sousa. "Um modelo de arquitectura de Sistemas de Informação." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/1855.
Анотація:
Mestrado em Gestão de Sistemas de InformaçãoAs universidades públicas devido às suas características funcionais e ao seu posicionamento na sociedade, estão sujeitas a possíveis alterações tanto internas, ao nível organizacional, como externas ao nível do ambiente socioeconómico onde estão inseridas. A globalização dos mercados e a transformação da sociedade académica, com as mudanças decorrentes do Processo de Bolonha, pressionam as universidades a reorganizar e redesenhar continuamente os seus processos e estratégias de negócio. Os sistemas tradicionais de informação para a gestão correm o risco de não darem as respostas necessárias a esse desafio, dado que apresentam várias debilidades e insuficiências estudadas academicamente. Neste estudo, após uma revisão da literatura, procura-se analisar o papel preponderante do uso de métodos para o desenvolvimento de uma Arquitectura de Sistemas de Informação. Tendo como base um estudo de caso na Direcção de Sistemas de Informação do Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, pretende-se mostrar que o desenvolvimento de uma Arquitectura de Sistemas de Informação, bem como a utilização das ferramentas informáticas neste processo permitiram uma melhor representação da realidade existente, assim como possibilitaram a melhoria sustentada dos respectivos processos organizacionais. O método utilizado apresenta também alguns aspectos inovadores relativamente à literatura existente, nomeadamente a integração da dimensão competências no modelo de Arquitectura de Empresa.
Public Universities, due to their functional characteristics and position in society, are subject to possible internal changes at organization level, and external changes in terms of the social-economic environment they are in. The market globalization and the transformation of the academic society, allied with the changes originated by the Bolonha Process, pressured on the on the Universities to reorganize and redraw continuously their processes and business strategies. The traditional information systems for management are in risk of not giving the necessary answers to this challenge, due to the fact that they show multiple insufficiencies and weaknesses studied academically. In this study, after a literature revision, it is seek to analyze the relevant part played by the use of new methods for the development of an Information Systems Architecture. Having a case study on the ISEG's Divisão de Sistemas de Informação (DSI) as the main bases for the study, it is intended to show that the development of an Information Systems Architecture, as well as the use of computer tools in this process, have led to a better representation of the existent reality, and made it possible for a improvement of the respective organizational processes. The method used presents also some innovating aspects relatively to the existent literature, namely the integration of the competences dimension in the Enterprise Architecture model.
4
Kuo, Yi. "Chinatown Square and the Convention Center, Chicago, Il. : a balanced design approach between outdoor spaces and indoor spaces in public buildings, a scheme for a convention center in Chinatown, Chicago, Il." Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/845982.
Анотація:
This creative project for the Master of Architecture degree focuses on the building design and landscape design of a urban development, in particular on the mixed cultural basis of deteriorating inner city neighborhoods in the U.S. A.I have lived in America for over two years. During this time, I acquired substantial knowledge on environments and architecture from traveling and studying. Then, I found the characteristics of a mixed culture in this country. We all know that the Chinese people are an important group in America, and they work hard to establish and contribute to the American culture, economy, and environment, now and forever. Although Chinese Americans do not comprise a large portion of the U.S. population, the Chinese patterns of architecture have had some impact on American culture as a whole. However, Chinatown has become a major element in the fabric of many cities in the U.S.A., like Chicago, San Francisco, New York and Washington D.C. For this reason, I chose to explore the design of a new environment for Chinese immigrants in the U.S.A.The topics of this thesis work are the design of the convention center and the planning of Chinatown Square Project. I tried to apply concepts from the Chinese culture, my experience, and professional education in Taiwan, the Republic of China and America. Therefore, the site plan of Chinatown Square Project was designed according to the Chinese Courtyard System. The tower shape of the hotel of the convention center is the transition of the Pagoda. Moreover, the idea of the curved roof comes from the Chinese bowl and tile. Finally, I merged a western feel, and an eastern spirit in the whole design process.I dedicate this thesis to the community of Chinatown in Chicago and America.Department of Architecture
5
Chang, Clementine. "Architecture in Search of Sensory Balance." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2841.
Анотація:
This thesis addresses the urgent need to awaken our numbed senses by means of haptic architecture. As today's technologies continue to hyper-stimulate and under-differentiate, it is architecture's obligation to resist the resultant de-sensitizing of daily experiences. A return of a multi-sensory and corporeal element to architecture can reveal new possibilities for restoring sensory balance, and for connecting our bodies to our surroundings. Through the authority of all the senses, we may re-discover our human identity within the larger context of the world. The proposed design is a spa health club in downtown Toronto. Throughout history, public baths have been important spaces in cities. Bathers are able to be social or solitary as they choose, while cleansing body and senses. Today, such spaces are lost in the race where thousands upon thousands of advertisements compete for one's imagination. Combining the ancient bath culture with the contemporary fitness culture, the design of the spa health club aims to heighten awareness by engaging the body and all of its senses. Central to the design is an urban public park offering transitory moments of tranquility and sensual pleasure. The spa, with its public park, offers a space that resumes the dialogue between body and space, creating haptic memories and, above all, raising human consciousness.
6
Richard, Carolyn M. "Exploring the Balance & Integrity of Architecture." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30970.
Анотація:
Through the exploration of designing a small residential building along side a three-story mixed-use center for individuals and families newly diagnosed with diabetes, I studied a variety of ways to architecturally embrace the essence of balance. Throughout this thesis the quests of understanding â balanceâ accelerated and complicated most of the decision making. Architecturally, this thesis explored the balance between the public city and private residence, between historical architecture and the proposal of new construction, and the balance between solid voids and the path of circulation. The pursuit of balance was even examines at the detail level; how do you find a balance at the integration of two of more materials.
Objects and visual situations are most stimulating when they achieve an appropriate balance.Master of Architecture
7
Coquillas, Benjamin. "Nouvelles topologies d’amplificateurs de puissance SiGe en bande Ku, optimisées en puissance, rendement et robustes au TOS actif." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022BORD0173.
Анотація:
L’amélioration des systèmes RADAR des aéronefs actuels est confrontée aux deux défis majeurs que sont la réduction des surfaces occupées et la maîtrise du coût. Ces défis s’ajoutent aux contraintes matérielles spécifiques des missiles autodirecteurs concernant la tenue en puissance à forte température et la robustesse aux variations de charge extérieure causées par le dépointage des éléments rayonnants environnants (apparentées au phénomène de TOS actif). Un enjeu majeur réside dans la réponse de l’amplificateur de puissance, identifié comme brique élémentaire, à ces défis actuels. La technologie Silicium Germanium (SiGe) est mise en avant par de nombreux travaux académiques sur les nouvelles générations de télécommunication (5G, 6G). Des travaux récents sur des amplificateurs de puissance publiés entre 2016 et 2020 apportent des résultats proches des caractéristiques souhaitées sur des bandes de fréquence bande X et la partie basse de la bande Ku. Ce double contexte industriel et académique justifie une étude originale sur les caractéristiques et les limites de la technologie SiGe en haut de la bande Ku au regard de la puissance de sortie, du rendement, de la robustesse au TOS actif et de la tenue des performances en température. Au cours de ces travaux, avec à l’appui une étude bibliographique documentée et un cahier des charges précis, cinq motifs de puissance et trois types de coupleur sont réalisés, simulés, envoyés en fabrication et mesurés. La topologie d’architecture équilibrée, mise en exergue sur de nombreuses études relatives au self-contained, constitue notamment un pilier central de cette étude. Les choix de conception et les performances obtenues sont détaillés. Ces dernières sont comparées à l’état de l’art. Elles démontrent des avancées significatrices valorisées dans trois conférences majeures du domaine scientifique et apportent des réponses originales aux défis contemporains de conception d’amplificateurs de puissance pour une application RADAR au sein de missiles autodirecteursThe improvement of the RADAR systems of the current aircraft is confronted with the two major challenges of the reduction of the areas occupied and the control of the cost. These challenges are added to the specific material constraints of self-guided missiles concerning power handling at high temperature and robustness to external load variations caused by the misalignment of surrounding radiating elements (related to the active SWR phenomenon). A major challenge is based on the response of the power amplifier, identified as an elementary building block, to these current challenges. The Silicon Germanium (SiGe) technology is highlighted by many academic works on new generations of telecommunications (5G, 6G). Several recent works on power amplifiers published between 2016 and 2020 bring results close to the desired characteristics on X-band and low Ku-band. This dual industrial and academic context justifies an original study on the characteristics and limits of the SiGe technology at the top of the Ku band with regard to the output power, efficiency, robustness to active SWR and the power handling to temperature variations. During this work, with the support of a documented bibliographical study and acurrate specifications, five power patterns and three types of coupler are designed, simulated, sent to manufacturing and measured. The balanced architecture topology, highlighted in several self contained studies, is a central pillar of this study. The design choices and the performances obtained are detailed. These are compared to the state of the art. They demonstrate significant advances valued in three major conferences in the scientific field and provide original answers to the contemporary challenges of designing power amplifiers for a RADAR application within self-guided missiles
8
Silva, Molina Enrique Javier. "Strategic Business and IT Alignment : Addressing Assessment and Governance." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriella informations- och styrsystem, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-26039.
Анотація:
Strategic business and IT alignment assessment is growing in importance. Different assessment methods have been used to try to pursue the complexity of this dynamic and evolutionary alignment. Despite the fact that alignment is a real problem and a challenge of utmost importance, no consensus can be found on what alignment really is, how it should be measured in the organization in practice, or what measures should be taken to maintain and improve it. Consequently, the key question about how to assess and accomplish (define, identify, measure, maintain and improve) the strategic business and IT alignment is still a great unanswered challenge for many enterprises. In this thesis work, three main research questions were formulated: how can the validity and reliability of an alignment assessment method be improved, what are the dominant topics in the area of alignment, and how to facilitate the analysis of the business and IT governance alignment based on business process simulation and balanced scorecard methods. This is a composite thesis work that includes an introduction and six papers (paper A-F). The main contributions and results of this thesis are described in published and included technical papers. In papers A and B an alternative organization-wide approach and metamodel for assessing strategic business and IT alignment are proposed. Two case studies were performed applying the proposed approach. In paper C, a prioritized diagram of the most widely accepted strategic alignment model, with the purpose of categorizing the most important topics in the research area of strategic business and IT alignment is presented. One of the relevant topics that were identified is governance. In papers D, E and F, there are presented a business process simulation approach and a balanced scorecard method in order to facilitate the assessment of the business and IT governance alignment. An illustrative example of the simulation approach is presented in an appendix of this thesis. This research work aims to improve the decision-making process for business and IT managers at different levels in an enterprise by means of increasing the level of understanding and knowledge as well as by enhancing existing models and methods, for evaluating strategic business and IT alignment.QC 20101110
9
Bestani, Lucie. "Géométrie et cinématique de l’avant-pays provençal : modélisation par coupes équilibrées dans une zone à tectonique polyphasée." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4313.
Анотація:
L’architecture structurale et l’évolution du bassin d’avant-pays Pyrénéo-Alpin de Provence sont contrôlées par des failles profondes héritées du rifting de Gondwana au cours du Permo-Trias, par des variations d’épaisseur de la pile sédimentaire mésozoïque et par l'alternance d’évènements tectoniques compressifs et extensifs qui ont affecté la zone depuis la fin du Paléozoïque. La construction de deux coupes équilibrées d’échelle régionale (~150 km) montre que le style tectonique de l’avant-pays provençal est dominé par une tectonique de socle en Provence orientale et par une tectonique de couverture en Provence occidentale, associé avec du diapirisme dans les deux domaines. Les deux domaines sont couplés à l’échelle crustale et séparés par une zone d'accommodation dans la couverture: la Faille de la Moyenne Durance, dont la partie profonde est héritée du Paléozoïque. La structure actuelle de l’avant-pays Pyrénéo-Alpin de Provence correspond essentiellement à la signature de la compression Pyrénéo-Provençale Crétacé supérieur-Eocène (>90%). La part de la déformation Alpine est minime (9%). La phase d'extension Oligocène entre ces deux périodes compressives a été quantifiée à 1.7%. Les données de traces de fission sur apatite suggèrent une exhumation régionale à ~80 Ma reliée à la compression Pyrénéenne. Les chevauchements pyrénéens principaux ont joué simultanément, comme l’indiquent l’âge et la répartition des séries sédimentaires syntectoniquesThe structural architecture and evolution of the Pyrenean-Alpine foreland of Provence are controlled by deep-seated basement faults inherited from Gondwana rifting during Permo-Triassic time, by variations in the Mesozoic sedimentary pile thickness and by alternating compressive and extensive tectonic events that affected the area since the late Paleozoic. The construction of two balanced cross sections at regional scale (~150 km) shows that the structural style of the Provence foreland is dominated by thick-skinned tectonic in eastern Provence and thin-skinned tectonic in western Provence, associated with diapirism in each domain. Both domains are coupled at crustal scale and separated by an accommodation zone in the cover: the Middle Durance Fault, whose deep-seated part is inherited from the Paleozoic. The current structure of the Pyrenean-Alpine foreland of Provence mainly corresponds to the Pyrenean-Provence compression signature during Late Cretaceous to Eocene (>90%). The Alpine deformation proportion is minor (9%). The Oligocene extension phase between these two compressive periods has been quantified at 1.7%. The apatite fission track data suggests an exhumation stage around 80 Ma related to the Pyrenean compression. The main Pyrenean thrusts were synchronous, as indicated by the age and distribution of syntectonic sedimentary series
10
Dunfield, Lee. "Dynamic balance bringing traditional Japanese architecture to the 21st Century /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1212096223.
Анотація:
Thesis (Master of Architecture)--University of Cincinnati, 2008.Advisors: Elizabeth Riorden (Committee Chair), Tom Bible (Committee Chair). Title from electronic theses title page (viewed Sept. 7, 2008.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
11
DUNFIELD, LEE WARREN. "Dynamic Balance: Bringing Traditional Japanese Architecture to the 21st Century." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1212096223.
12
Li, Letitia Weixia. "Switching circuit energy balance in iLabs on experimental lab server architecture." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100629.
Анотація:
Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2015.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 121-122).
In Electrical Engineering courses, it is important that students have hands-on experience with a circuit and components to witness their behavior and compare it with theoretical models. The MIT iLab Project develops online laboratories that allow students to perform experiments through a web browser from anywhere in the world. One such lab used in the Introduction to Circuits class, the NMOS Resistor Amplifier Lab, allows students to analyze the switching waveforms of a transistor. This thesis describes the integration of a thermal camera to the NMOS-Resistor Amplifier Lab to educate students about energy dissipation. The first version of this lab, built entirely in LabVIEW, on iLabs' existing Shared Architecture could not support an interactive lightweight client. In response, the Experimental Lab Server Architecture (ELSA) was developed as a new interface connecting an experiment, client, and Service Broker. In the first prototype of the Thermal Lab in ELSA, a Java Applet Client uses REST calls to send commands and acquire data from the LabVIEW experiment running on the server.
by Letitia Weixia Li.
M. Eng.
13
Kliman, Marlene. "Breaking the law : competing perspectives in children's thinking about the balance scale." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14967.
14
Lai, Kwok-yin Jan. "Li-[Long] architecture a way to balance the urban conflicts in Shanghai /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31987084.
15
Lai, Kwok-yin Jan, and 黎國賢. "Li-[Long] architecture: a way to balance the urban conflicts in Shanghai." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31987084.
16
Kelley, Scott Edward. "Entitlement advantage : the balance of local knowledge and capital access in real estate entitlements." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42029.
Анотація:
Thesis (S.M. in Real Estate Development)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2007.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-73).
Development is risky. The process of getting a shovel in the ground, steel into the sky, and rent checks into the bank involves distinct phases, each with their own risk and return profile. Generally considered the most risky, the entitlement phase is process by which the development entity gains the legal right to parcel land and develop a prescribed structure. This process sits at the confluence of all development factors: local politics, due diligence, financial support, and patience. The purpose of this paper is to identify the critical organizational structures and human capital required to reduce entitlement risk. It begins with an overview of the definition of entitlement risk by generating a connection between financial projections and the idiosyncratic entitlement process. Risk in the entitlement stage is a function of control. The entitlement process has become increasingly complex in the last few decades with landowners and developer faced with diminished control over land destiny. The study follows with a review of reported best practices enlisted by developers to alleviate the risks in the entitlement process. A paradox exists in real estate entitlements where the local player is advantaged by local information and connections, but may lack capital while the national player is advantaged by capital access, but may need local information and connections. The existence of this paradox would suggest that national firms engaged in entitlements would adopt organizations and strategies to help alleviate their weaknesses. Indeed, this is the case, as evidenced by the five subject firms whose organization, strategy, partnering, geographic focus, and returns are discussed and compared. Ultimately, firm structures of national players not only succeed in diminishing the advantage of the local player, but do so in a fashion that brings exceptional returns that meet the stringent expectations of their varied investors.
by Scott Edward Kelley.
S.M.in Real Estate Development
17
Welti-Santos, Larissa 1978. "Topology of learning and correction in dynamic balance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/26742.
Анотація:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2004.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-98).
"The discrepancy between [our personal experiences] and our idealizations of knowledge leads us into counterproductive strategies for learning and thinking" (Papert 1993). This discrepancy has driven most research towards understanding how people fail to accomplish a task, while few researchers have focused on looking at those instances where people have developed strategies for correcting their failure. This work has as its core belief that by identifying the strategies of correction we will develop better ways to assist in learning. However, to successfully assist in learning, we need to take into account both general rules of behavior and individual solutions. To explore this, we look at a concrete example from posture control, balance, to understand how learning modifies it. This research focuses on identifying an algorithm looking at the process of correction during dynamic balance. We outline an experiment whereby healthy subjects attempt to learn to balance on a two-degrees of freedom platform through external-focus feedback. The intent is to capture and analyze how the structure of old and new-learned body synergies for dynamic balance changes over time. The analysis we present offers a perspective of how subjects achieve kinetic coherence by building strategy maps.
Larissa Welti-Santos.
S.M.
18
Yang, Xiaoyang. "Visual balance--the tightrope of computer generated layout." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/63208.
19
Osama, Athar. "Multi-attribute strategy and performance architectures in R&D the case of the balanced scorecard /." Santa Monica, CA : RAND, 2006. http://www.rand.org/pubs/rgsd_issertations/RGSD203/.
20
Farrell, Matthew Todd. "Angular momentum in turns and abrupt starts : strategies for bipedal balance control." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/51660.
Анотація:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2009.Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-83).
Transients occur in human walking during a transition to, from, and between steady state walking and act as an impulse destabilizing an otherwise normal gait cycle. Turns and accelerated starts are all common transients encountered and managed intelligently by humans everyday. The population of elderly has increased and understanding balance control in healthy subjects will be more important. In addition, humanoid bipeds are rapidly becoming a more common part of our everyday life. Therefore, they must also be able to navigate our environments adroitly if they are to assist us in our daily living. This thesis takes biomechanical principals of angular momentum and applies them to healthy subjects in an effort to elucidate human balance control strategies. Each transient task is unique, and despite large segmental contributions to whole-body angular momentum during movement, the whole-body angular momentum remains tightly regulated. A analysis of segmental contributions to the principal components explaining more than 90% makes clear the balance control strategy used by healthy humans during these transients.
by Matthew Todd Farrell.
S.M.
21
Nichols, Brent. "Poiana: A Biophilic Balance (A proposal for biophilic consideration during design & development in the ruralcountryside of Romania)." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1522340165314535.
22
Sipitakiat, Arnan 1974. "Giving the head a hand : constructing a microworld to build relationships with ideas in balance control." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41553.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2007.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 121-124).
The major promise of computational technology for learning is in making discovery and acquisition of knowledge accessible to a wider range of people. The protean expressive and constructive nature of computational technology facilitates more powerful and effective learning methodologies. Enabling multiple forms of representation through computational approaches to thinking about various phenomena not only potentially opens new domains of knowledge, but also permits a re-structuration of domains by rethinking content and activity. This thesis provides an exemplar of this potential through children learning about Balance Control in Dynamic Systems (BCDS), which adds a particular value given that BCDS is considered too complex for young learners. A Balance Control Microworld was created to help learners think about how to program physical robots to perform balancing acts, such as balancing an inverted pendulum, based on the observations of their own body motions. A Spatial Computing Paradigm (SCP) was developed to allow learners to carry out various control operations using familiar 2D properties of on-screen objects. The physical robots have a dual-mode ability that allowed learners to record and observe motions while controlling the robots manually by hand as well as under program control. The study involved two groups of learners, ages 13 to 15, over twelve months. BCDS concepts that emerged include the role of speed, creating predictions, managing system states, and analyzing system's stability. Moreover, powerful ideas in computational and mathematical thinking helped enable thinking and understanding in BCDS as well as reflection over the whole process. The evolution of the Microworld was guided by a practice of applied epistemological anthropology.
(cont.) An iterative process was used to identify important themes as they emerged during the course of the fieldwork. The resulting themes, as reflected in the case studies, come in three flavors: One focuses on ideas in BCDS that were learned by youth and could lead to deeper understanding in that rich field; the second shows how the tools and approach evolved to better support the learner along with the role of the researcher in the learning process; the third discusses the learning implications of a technology-enhanced Microworld by demonstrating common learning assumptions that need careful reconsideration.
by Arnan Sipitakiat.
Ph.D.
23
Melki, Habib Henry. "A vision for the future : a creative balance of technology and architecture of the past, Union Station, Indianapolis, Indiana." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/421949.
Анотація:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate and determine different energy components existing within historic buildings that will contribute to the development of guidelines for applying modern technology systems within these strucutres and to show the financial, social and physical benefits, which may result without altering the architectural and cultural significance of the building.Union Station, Indianapolis, is an example of historical and architectural ingenuity. If proper and selected energy systems are applied, Union Station will be a strong active force for revitalizing the surrounding area, which has deteriorated and fallen into disuse in recent times. Similar examples of significant historic buildings are scattered all across the country, and with the new development taking place, these historic structures, which are the physical and visual links between us and our past, are being thregtened for the sake of the "glass-box". This study shows the many advantages in preserving these historic links whether economically, architecturally or socially, by bringing the best technology of both worlds and molding them into one system, in which both technologies work together and compliment each other rather than be an isolated system.Department of Architecture
24
Mueller, Amy 1980. "Development of a combined multi-sensor/signal processing architecture for improved in-situ quantification of the charge balance of natural waters." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74267.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 189-197).
This thesis details the design, implementation, and testing of a new electrochemical instrument for the in situ measurement of both major and environmentally relevant minor ions in fresh waters, namely Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NH+4 , Cl-, NO-3 , and SO2-4 . The instrument is built on a hybrid multi-probe / signal processing architecture and is implemented using commercial sensor hardware (primarily ion-selective electrodes (ISEs)) paired with a novel neural network processor designed to take advantage of a priori chemical knowledge about the system. Adaptation of this architecture to in-situ conditions and quantification of relatively minor ions required overcoming a number of challenges, including: (1) lack of a standardized method for unsupervised recording of ISE equilibrium potential, (2) non-availability of commercial electrodes for some ion species, and (3) detection of ion concentrations that fall below the ISE linear response region and/or are confounded by the presence of relatively large quantities of interfering ions. As such, a methodology is proposed and validated for standardization of ISE potential readings, resulting in consistent measurements completed in <6.5 min., improving replicability, and facilitating simultaneous measurement of up to 12 ion channels. The sensor suite is then designed such that each ISE provides information about more than one analyte, and finally, the artificial neural network (ANN) architecture is optimized for use on environmental chemical data by including software constraints implementing known chemical relationships, i.e., the concept of charge balance and the total ion-conductivity relationship. Two experiments are conducted using environmentally-relevant data sets (one semi-synthetic, one created in the lab) to characterize the eectiveness of the proposed ANN architecture. Final results demonstrate over an order of magnitude decrease in relative error (as measured against use of ISEs as stand-alone sensors) without concentration-dependent error bias, including estimates for analytes for which no specfic ISE exists (SO2-4 , Mg2+, HCO-3 ). Simultaneous un-biased quantification of all eight ions is achieved with ~20% error on most channels including NO-3 (concentrations by Amy Violet Mueller.
Ph.D.
25
Martinson, Jared Lee. "An Architectural Investigation of the Haptic Sense: A Material Exploration of the Balance Between Building, Body, and Landscape." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34045.
Анотація:
Missing from much of civic/public spaces today is the potential choreography between body, imagination, and the built environment. This is often a result of a diminished sensation between ourselves and the coupling of constructed and natural spaces. It is precisely this miscommunication which led to an exploration of the haptic sense and a material investigation of the choreography between our bodies, our buildings, and our landscape.
In order to create a memorable space or in the case of this exercise, create place from path, a conservation of the spirit of the players/pieces is necessary. The experience of being in a place occurs in time, is much more than visual, and is as complex as our bodies and as immense as our imaginations.
The movement of our bodies traversing a built environment gives value to the spaces we inhabit. Through the investigation of a little league baseball park along the Potomac River in Alexandria, Virgina, a series of haptic patterns with distinct pauses and progressions in which the body and mind responds to the situation presented is created.Master of Architecture
26
Taner, Ozun. "An Investigation Into The Age-based Thermal Energy Balance Of Occupied Classrooms In Primary Schools." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610280/index.pdf.
Анотація:
The effect of indoor heat gain from occupants as a bio-thermal source was hypothetically
assessed in terms of its contribution to overall heating requirements during such occupancy
and hence to potential energy savings. The spaces considered were classrooms in a
sample of 6 public co-educational primary schools located within the city limits of
Ankara built after 1998, the date when compulsory primary education was integrated to
encompass grades 1 through 8 for ages 6 to 14, respectively. Being so, this allowed distinguishing
disparities among age groups on the basis of classroom density and body
surface area. Data for both were obtained from existing sources. As norms for the latter
essentially pertained to adult populations, pertinent corrections were made for each of the
age groups in question as well as for gender. Additional adjustments were made on the
basis of the literature in order to integrate data on local weather conditions into heat
balance equations. Energy requirements for heating were calculated according current
Turkish standards.
Results based on extensive comparisons using Student’
s t-test confirmed that there were significant differences between grades in terms of supplementary heating requirements. These differences were not, however, large enough to warrant any meaningful intervention with regard to such design aspects as window orientation, exterior wall composition and/or indoor temperature level.
27
Gustafsson, David. "Boreal land surface water and heat balance : Modelling soil-snow-vegetation-atmosphere behaviour." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3406.
Анотація:
The water and heat exchange in thesoil-snow-vegetation-atmosphere system was studied in order toimprove the quantitative knowledge of land surface processes.In this study, numerical simulation models and availabledatasets representing arable land, sub-alpine snowpack, andboreal forest were evaluated at both diurnal and seasonaltimescales. Surface heat fluxes, snow depth, soil temperatures andmeteorological conditions were measured at an agriculturalfield in central Sweden during three winters and two summersfrom 1997 to 2000 within the WINTEX project. A one-dimensionalsimulation model (COUP) was used to simulate the water and heatbalance of the field. Comparison of simulated and measured heatfluxes in winter showed that parameter values governing theupper boundary condition were more important for explainingmeasured fluxes than the formulation of the internal mass andheat balance of the snow cover. The assumption of steady stateheat exchange between the surface and the reference height wasinadequate during stable atmospheric conditions. Independentestimates of the soil heat and water balance together with thecomparison of simulated and measured surface heat fluxes showedthat the eddy-correlation estimates of latent heat fluxes fromthe arable field were on average 40 % too low. The ability of a multi-layered snowpack model (SNTHERM) tosimulate the layered nature of a sub-alpine snowpack wasevaluated based on a dataset from Switzerland. The modelsimulated the seasonal development of snow depth and densitywith high accuracy. However, the models ability to reproducethe strong observed snowpack layering was limited by theneglection of the effect of snow microstructure on snowsettling, and a poor representation of water redistributionwithin the snowpack. The representation of boreal forest in the land surfacescheme used within a weather forecast (ECMWF) model was testedwith a three-year dataset from the NOPEX forest site in centralSweden. The new formulation with separate energy balances forvegetation and the soil/snow beneath the tree cover improvedthe simulation of seasonal and diurnal variations in latent andsensible heat flux. Further improvements of simulated latentheat fluxes were obtained when seasonal variation in vegetationproperties was introduced. Application of the COUP model withthe same dataset showed that simulation of evaporation fromintercepted snow contributed to a better agreement with themeasured sensible heat flux above forests, but also indicatedthat the measurements might have underestimated latent heatflux. The winter sensible heat flux above the forest wasfurther improved if an upper limit of the aerodynamicresistance of 500 s m-1 was applied for stable conditions. A comparison of the water and heat balance of arable landand forest confirmed the general knowledge of the differencesbetween these two surface types. The forest contributed withconsiderably more sensible heat flux to the atmosphere than thearable land in spring and summer due to the lower albedo andrelatively less latent heat flux. Latent heat flux from theforest was higher in winter due to the evaporation ofintercepted snow and rain. The net radiation absorbed by theforest was 60 % higher than that absorbed by the arable land,due to the lower surface albedo in winter. Key words:soil; snow; land surface heat exchange;forest; arable land; eddy-correlation.QC 20100614
28
Alonso, Marie. "Balance entre reproduction sexuée et asexuée chez le fraisier : vers la construction d’un réseau de gènes contrôlant le devenir du méristème axillaire." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022BORD0158.
Анотація:
Le fraisier est capable de se reproduire de manière sexuée, via la floraison, et de manière asexuée, via la production de stolons. Ces deux modes de reproduction sont en compétition au niveau du méristème axillaire (MAx), qui peut devenir soit une branche latérale pouvant se terminer par une inflorescence, soit un stolon ou soit rester dormant. Ainsi, jouer sur le devenir du MAx modifie l’architecture de la plante et favorise le rendement soit en fruits soit en plants filles. L’objectif de la thèse est d’identifier et de caractériser des acteurs influençant le devenir d’un MAx en branche latérale ou en stolon en utilisant comme modèle le fraisier diploïde. Il se décline en trois points :(1) L’observation morphologique et histologique des évènements précoces du développement du MAx a permis de définir pour la première fois chez le fraisier une échelle de développement du MAx en stolon ou en branche latérale. Cette étude met en évidence un stade indifférencié, morphologiquement identique entre les deux devenirs possibles.(2) L’étude du transcriptome de bourgeons axillaires indifférenciés a permis d’identifier 283 gènes différentiellement exprimés (DEG) entre ceux qui vont devenir un stolon et ceux qui vont devenir une branche latérale. Parmi les DEG, certains gènes comme FveTCP9, homologue de AtBRC1, ainsi que des gènes impliqués dans la voie des phytohormones et de la floraison ont été identifiés et sélectionnés pour d’autres analyses afin d’approfondir leur rôle dans le devenir du MAx. Afin d’initier un réseau de gènes, une seconde analyse transcriptomique a pris en compte le développement spatio-temporel du bourgeon axillaire en branche latérale ou en stolon. Les effets de la position du bourgeon axillaire au niveau du nœud de l’axe primaire et du stade de développement de la plantule sur le transcriptome ont été mis en évidence.(3) Des analyses d’expression par qPCR sur des fonds génétiques différents et/ou hybridation in situ ont permis de confirmer l’implication des DEG sélectionnés dans le contrôle du devenir du MAx. Parmi ces gènes, les mutations obtenues par CRISPR-Cas9 sur FveTVP9 ont permis de valider son rôle dans le déterminisme du MAx grâce la production de branches latérales aux dépens des stolons.Cette thèse a permis d’initier un réseau de régulation contrôlant le devenir du MAx et également, de mettre en évidence des gènes clés qui pourront être étudiés chez le fraisier cultivé octoploïde à des fins agronomiquesStrawberry is able to reproduce both sexually, via flowering, and asexually, via the production of stolons. The AxM governs these two modes of reproduction since AxM can become a lateral branch terminated by an inflorescence, or a stolon, or remain dormant. Thus, the AxM fate shapes the plant architecture and promotes the fruit yield or daughter plant production. The objective of this thesis is to identify and characterise molecular actors that affect the AxM fate by using the diploid strawberry model. The manuscript is divided into three points:(1) Morphological and histological observation of the early events of the AxM development has allowed to define for the first time in strawberry a scale of the AxM development into a stolon or a lateral branch. This study highlights an undifferentiated stage that is morphologically identical for both types of AxM.(2) A transcriptome study of undifferentiated axillary buds identified 283 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between those becoming a stolon and becoming a lateral branch. Among the DEGs, we identified FveTCP9, homologous to AtBRC1, and genes involved in the phytohormone and flowering pathways. These genes were chosen for further analysis to investigate their role in the AxM fate.In order to initiate a gene network, a second transcriptomic analysis included the spatio-temporal development of the axillary bud into a lateral branch or a stolon. Results highlighted the effects of the axillary bud position at the node of the primary crown and the developmental stage of the seedling on the transcriptome.(3) The study of the chosen DEGs by using different approaches, qPCR in different genetic backgrounds and/or in situ hybridization, confirmed their role in controlling the AxM fate. Among these genes, the CRISPR-Cas9 mutation of FveTCP9 validates its role in the AXM fate and shows that lateral branches were produced at the expense of stolons.This thesis initiated a regulatory network controlling the fate of MAx and also identified key genes that could be studied in octoploid strawberry for future agronomic applications
29
Kovacek, Tena. "Principles of Designing an Experiential Lighting Showroom : Finding the Balance between Demonstrating the Experiential and the Technical-Aesthetical Qualities of Luminaires." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231870.
Анотація:
An analysis of existing showrooms showed that absence of atmosphere makes it hard for clients to imagine effects in a context, and that lack of guidance by the light makes the experience of the showroom overwhelming or static. Also, clients often prioritize luminaires' design over light effect, even in architectural lighting where design should be negligible. This thesis investigates whether it is possible by prioritizing light effect, to optimize the showroom experience and to direct clients' focus on the light, while minimizing the influence of design on the impression and eventually choice of luminaire. In order to achieve these goals, three main concepts are suggested – guiding light, contrasting atmospheres and sequence of presenting light effects first and luminaires afterwards. These enable good communication about light which is essential for clients to focus on the atmosphere created by the light, rather than price and design. Experiments were conducted in the basement of a Croatian company's office, where the exhibits were not the luminaires, but their light. Visitors' priorities before and after going through the installation changed significantly, which might mean that the light effect made an impact and influenced examinees to base their choice of luminaire more on light effect, than design. It is concluded that the used concepts contributed to putting more focus on the light itself. Instead of focusing solely on light experience or product, a balance between the two was achieved by prioritizing and showing the light effect first, and only afterwards joining it with the product, thus offering visitors a more complete experience of the luminaire.
30
Perez, Raphaël. "Analyzing and modelling the genetic variability of aerial architecture and light interception of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NSAM0001/document.
Анотація:
Cette étude propose d’analyser l’influence de l’architecture du palmier à huile sur sa capacité à intercepter la lumière, en se basant sur des reconstructions 3D de palmiers et en établissant un bilan radiatif sur ses structures végétales reconstruites in silico. Le premier objectif de l’étude était de caractériser et modéliser la variabilité génétique de l’architecture du palmier à huile et de son interception lumineuse. Dans un deuxième objectif l’amélioration potentielle de l’interception de la lumière et de l’assimilation carbonée a été évaluée en modifiant les traits morphologiques et géométriques des feuilles et des idéotypes architecturaux de palmiers à huile ont été proposés.Des relations allométriques ont été utilisées pour modéliser les traits architecturaux en fonction de gradients ontogénétique et de topologie des feuilles dans la couronne. La méthode permet de reconstruire des palmiers à huile virtuels à différents âges au cours du développement. De plus, l’approche allométrique a été couplée à des modèles à effets mixtes pour intégrer au travers de paramètres la variabilité entre et au sein des cinq progénies. Le modèle permet ainsi de simuler les spécificités architecturales des cinq progenies en incluant les variabilités entre individus observés. Le modèle architectural, paramétré pour les différentes progénies, a ensuite été implémenté dans AMAPstudio pour générer des maquettes 3D de palmiers et ainsi estimer leur interception lumineuse, de l’individu à la parcelle entière.Les résultats de ces analyses ont révélé des différences significatives entre et au sein des progenies, dans la géométrie des feuilles (longueur du pétiole, densité de folioles sur le rachis, et courbure du rachis) et dans la morphologie des folioles (gradients de longueurs et largeurs le long du rachis). La comparaison virtuelle des différentes progénies ont aussi montré des efficacités distinctes de l’interception lumineuse.Des analyses de sensibilité ont ensuite été réalisées pour identifier les traits architecturaux influençant l’interception lumineuse et l’assimilation potentielle à différents âges de la plante. Les paramètres les plus sensibles au cours du développement furent ceux reliés à la surface totale foliaire (longueur des rachis, nombre de folioles, morphologie des folioles), mais les attributs géométriques plus fins de la feuille ont montré un effet croissant avec la fermeture de la canopée. Sur un couvert adulte, l’optimum en assimilation carbonée est atteint pour des indices de surfaces foliaires (LAI) entre 3,2 et 5,5 m2.m−2, avec des feuilles érigées, de courts pétioles et rachis et un nombre important de folioles sur le rachis. Quatre idéotypes architecturaux pour l’assimilation carbonée ont été proposés et présentent des combinaisons spécifiques de traits géométriques, limitant l’ombrage mutuel des plantes et optimisant la distribution de la lumière dans la couronne.En conclusion, le modèle 3D de palmiers à huile, dans sa conception et son application, a permis de détecter les traits architecturaux génétiquement déterminés et influençant l’interception lumineuse. Ainsi, le nombre limité de traits dégagés par l’analyse de sensibilité ainsi que les combinaisons de traits révélées au travers des idéotypes pourraient être pris en compte dans de futurs programmes de sélection. En perspective, des travaux dédiés à intégrer dans ce modèle d’autres processus physiologiques, tels que la régulation de la conductance stomatique et le partitionnement du carbone dans la plante, sont à envisager. Ce nouvel FSPM pourrait alors être utilisé pour tester différents scénarii, comme par exemple dans un contexte de changement climatique avec de faibles radiations et des périodes de sécheresse fréquentes. De même, ce modèle pourrait être utilisé pour étudier différentes configurations de plantation et des systèmes de cultures intercalaires, et ainsi proposer de nouveaux idéotypes multicritèresIn this study we proposed to investigate the influence of oil palm architecture on the capacity of the plant to intercept light, by using 3D reconstructions and model-assisted evaluation of radiation-use efficiency. The first objective of this study was to analyse and model oil palm architecture and light interception taking into account genetic variability. A second objective was to explore the potential improvements in light capture and carbon assimilation by manipulating oil palm leaf traits and propose architectural ideotypes.Allometric relationships were applied to model these traits according to ontogenetic gradients and leaf position within the crown. The methodology allowed reconstructing virtual oil palms at different stages over plant development. Additionally, the allometric-based approach was coupled to mixed-effect models in order to integrate inter and intra progeny variability through progeny-specific parameters. The model thus allowed simulating the specificity of plant architecture for a given progeny while including observed inter-individual variability. The architectural model, parameterized for the different progenies, was then implemented in AMAPstudio to generate 3D mock-ups and estimate light interception efficiency, from individual to stand scales.Significant differences in leaf geometry (petiole length, density of leaflets and rachis curvature) and leaflets morphology (gradients of leaflets length and width) were detected between and within progenies, and were accurately simulated by the modelling approach. Besides, light interception estimated from the validated 3D mock-ups showed significant variations among the five progenies.Sensitivity analyses were then performed on a subset of architectural parameters to identify the architectural traits impacting on light interception efficiency and potential carbon assimilation over plant development. The most sensitive parameters over plant development were those related to leaf area (rachis length, number of leaflets, leaflets morphology), but fine attribute related to leaf geometry showed increasing influence when canopy got closed. In adult stand, optimized carbon assimilation was estimated on plants presenting a leaf area index (LAI) between 3.2 and 5.5 m2.m−2, with erected leaves, short rachis and petiole and high number of leaflet on rachis. Four architectural ideotypes for carbon assimilation were proposed based on specific combinations of organs geometry, limiting mutual shading and optimizing light distribution within plant crown.In conclusion, this study highlighted how a functional-structural plant model (FSPM) can be used to virtually explore plant biology. In our case of study, the 3D model of oil palm, in its conception and its application, permitted to detect the architectural traits genetically determined and influencing light interception. The limited number of traits revealed in the sensitivity analysis and the combination of traits proposed through ideotypes could guide further breeding programs. Forthcoming work will be dedicated to integrate in the modeling approach other physiological processes such as stomatal conductance and carbon partitioning. The improved FSPM could then be used to test different scenarios, for instance in climate change context with low radiations or frequent drought events. Similarly, the model could be used to investigate different planting patterns and intercropping systems, and proposed new multi-criteria ideotypes of oil palm
31
Michael, Richard J. "Restriking the Vitruvian Balance in Residential Architecture through the Incorporation of Sustainable and Regionally Appropriate Design Fundamentals: Designing, Building and Operating a Passive Solar Residence in the Sonoran Desert." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/190385.
Анотація:
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impacts on architectural form, function, and appearance of a case study residence in which the concepts of sustainability and sustainable architecture were incorporated as one of the primary design fundamentals. The case study residence located in the arid southwestern United States is an approximately 2,068 square foot home built for a family of five with four bedrooms and two bathrooms and a separate attached guest bedroom and bath. This paper will provide an overview and analysis of the residence in terms of: 1) the original project values and goals as represented by the design and computer energy modeling process and 2) the project results as captured by the qualities (structural and aesthetic) of the final constructed physical form and its post-occupancy quantitative performance (functional, spatial, and resource conservation) as measured by the home’s over two years of monitoring and use.
32
Andrade, Nixon Cesar de 1976. "Estudo da ventilação natural em edificações com captadores de vento multidirecionais por meio de ensaios em túnel de vento e simulações computacionais." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258056.
Анотація:
Orientador: Lucila Chebel LabakiTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T13:55:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andrade_NixonCesarde_D.pdf: 32217441 bytes, checksum: 25e8b1672ea93f3aae90a2513264ae3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: A ventilação natural é uma das estratégias mais adequadas para o resfriamento passivo dos edifícios e para a manutenção da qualidade do ar. Uma das alternativas existentes para se alcançar tal proposição é a utilização de torres de vento situadas acima do nível da cobertura, as quais podem funcionar como captadores ou extratores de ar. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral avaliar quatro tipos de torres, atuando como captadores: a unidirecional, com uma abertura para a entrada de vento, em locais onde o vento se movimenta predominantemente em uma direção; a tetradirecional, com quatro aberturas; a octodirecional, com oito aberturas e a dodecadirecional, com doze aberturas; em locais em que o vento age em várias direções. Para alcançar o objetivo utilizaram-se ensaios em túnel de vento e simulações no software CFX®, os quais permitiram estudar as características técnicas das torres analisadas e seus efeitos sobre a ventilação interna do ambiente, bem como contribuir para a difusão desse sistema de ventilação no Brasil. O desenvolvimento do trabalho foi dividido nas seguintes etapas: definição das geometrias das torres; definição, construção e instrumentação das maquetes; definição dos ângulos de incidência do vento; ensaios no túnel de vento e simulações no software CFX®: velocidade e pressão. Os resultados obtidos a partir de uma série de experimentos e simulações computacionais permitiram a análise e comparação dos diversos projetos propostos, auxiliando, portanto, na determinação das configurações mais adequadas, além da verificação da compatibilidade entre os dois tipos de estudo, concluindo que as torres octodirecional e dodecadirecional são as mais eficientes, pois proporcionam maiores valores de velocidade do ar interno na maioria das posições consideradas. Desta forma, utilizando o túnel de vento e o CFX®, as análises possibilitaram desenvolver melhorias para os ambientes avaliados, no que se refere ao desempenho da ventilação. Isso proporcionará melhores taxas de conforto aos usuários da edificação, considerando todas as aberturas para permitir o fluxo do vento em qualquer situação. Ademais, podem-se verificar as distribuições das aberturas de entrada e saída mais adequadas para captação e distribuição do vento no interior dos ambientes, proporcionando melhores condições de conforto térmico
Abstract: Natural ventilation is one of the most appropriate strategies for passive cooling of buildings and the maintenance of air quality. One of the alternatives for achieving such proposal is the use of wind towers above the level of the roof, which can function as air catchers or extractors. This research aims to evaluate four types of towers, acting as air catchers: unidirectional, with an opening for the entrance of the wind, in locations where the wind moves predominantly in one direction, the tetradirectional, with four openings, the octodirectional, with eight openings and dodecadirectional, with twelve openings, in locations where the wind moves in various directions. To achieve the goal, tests in wind tunnel and simulations in CFX® software were performed, which allowed the study of the technical characteristics of the analyzed towers and their effects on the indoors ventilation, as well as the contribution to the spread of this ventilation system in Brazil. The methodology was divided into the following steps: the definition of the geometry of the towers; definition, construction and instrumentation of the models; definition of the angles of the incidence of the wind; wind tunnel tests and simulations in CFX® software: speed and pressure. The obtained results from a series of experimental and computational simulations allowed the analysis and comparison of the various proposed design configurations, helping, therefore, in determining the most appropriate settings, besides the verification of compatibility between the two types of study, concluding that the octodirectional and dodecadirectional towers are the most efficient ones , as they provide higher rate of indoor air speed in most considered positions. Thus, using the wind tunnel and CFX®, the analysis allowed the development of enhancements to the analyzed environments, concerning the performance of the ventilation. This will provide better comfort rates to the users of the building, considering all openings to allow the wind flow in any situation. Furthermore, the most suitable distribution of inlet and outlet openings for the catchment and distribution of the wind within the environments may be verified, providing better conditions of thermal comfort
Doutorado
Arquitetura e Construção
Doutor em Engenharia Civil
33
Savoye, François Paul. "Impact des impulsions périodiques de courant sur la performance et la durée de vie des accumulateurs lithium-ion et conséquences de leur mise en oeuvre dans une application transport." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10027/document.
Анотація:
Ce travail vise à identifier l’impact potentiel des impulsions périodiques de courant sur laperformance et la durée de vie des accumulateurs graphite/LiFePO4. Il apparait que,contrairement aux résultats connus pour les accumulateurs Plomb-acide et à ceux annoncéspar certains auteurs de la littérature pour les accumulateurs Li-ion, l’application d’impulsionspériodiques de courant ne présente pas d’intérêt dans une logique d’amélioration de laperformance et/ou de la durée de vie des accumulateurs Li-ion. De surcroit, certains typesd’impulsions ont été identifiés pour entrainer des effets préjudiciables à ces derniers. En seréférant à une application de véhicule industriel hybride électrique, nous avons évalué sur descritères techniques et économiques l’intérêt d’implémenter un système de stockage d’énergiecombiné, c'est-à-dire mutualisant l’usage d’une batterie Li-ion et desupercondensateurs/condensateurs. Il apparait que les stratégies consistant à agir sur lescomposantes hautes fréquences du signal pour ajouter/retirer des impulsions du profil vu parla batterie ne permettent pas d’accéder à des allongements de durée de vie qui pourraientcompenser le surcoût actuel lié à l’implémentation de ces systèmes. En outre, il apparait quele meilleur levier d’optimisation du bilan technique et économique associé au système destockage d’énergie est son dimensionnement. En effet, même si les systèmes de stockaged’énergie combinés utilisant les supercondensateurs permettent d’atteindre des réductions duratio coût/durée de vie considérables, la prise en compte globale des critères de coût, de duréede vie, de masse et d’encombrement s’avère plus favorable à la solution constituée d’unebatterie seule, de taille optimisée vis-à-vis de son applicationThis work aims to identify the possible impact of periodic current pulses on both performanceand lifetime of graphite/LiFePO4 secondary batteries. Contrary to the well-known results onlead-acid batteries and to results announced in previously published works, periodic pulses donot bring any benefit to the performance and the lifetime of Li-ion batteries. Moreover,certain pulse types have been identified to be detrimental to Li-ion batteries. Using the hybridelectric vehicle application as a reference, we evaluated both the technical and economicalaspects of implementing combined energy storage systems composed with Li-ion batteriesand supercapacitors/capacitors. We found that the control strategies acting on high frequencyharmonics of the current signal to adding/retrieving pulses to the Li-ion battery profile doesnot prolong its life enough to compensate the extra cost of such system implementation.Furthermore, it seems that the best way to optimize the technico-economic balance of theenergy storage system is the sizing. Even if combined energy storage systems using Li-ionbatteries and supercapacitors enable to considerably increase the lifetime/cost ratio, a generalconsideration of the criteria cost, life, mass and volume is more favorable to a solution whereone single Li-ion battery is optimally sized for its application
34
Gustafsson, David. "Land surface heat exchange over snow and frozen soil." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Land and Water Resources Engineering, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-1231.
Анотація:
The energy exchange in the soil-snow-vegetation-atmospheresystem was studied to improve the quantitative knowledge of thegoverning processes. The lack of such knowledge contributes tothe uncertainty in the applicability of many existing modelsindependent of the temporal or spatial scale. The theoreticalbackground and available methods for measurements and numericalsimulations were reviewed. Numerical simulation models andavailable data sets representing open land and boreal forestwere evaluated in both diurnal and seasonal time-scales.Surface heat fluxes, snow depth, soil temperatures andmeteorological conditions were measured at an agriculturalfield in central Sweden over two winters, 1997-1999. Twoone-dimensional simulation models of different complexity wereused to simulate the heat and water transfer in thesoil-snow-atmosphere system and compared with the measurements.Comparison of simulated and observed heat fluxes showed thatparameter values governing the upper boundary condition weremore important than the formulation of the internal mass andheat balance of the snow cover. The models were useful toevaluate the lack of energy balance closure in the observedsurface heat fluxes, which underlined the importance ofimproved accuracy in eddy correlation measurements of latentflow during winter conditions.
The representation of boreal forest in the land surfacescheme used within a weather forecast model was tested with athree-year data set from the NOPEX forest site in centralSweden. The formulation with separate energy balances forvegetation and the soil/snow beneath tree cover improvedsimulation of the seasonal and diurnal variations of latent andsensible heat flux compared with an older model version.Further improvements of simulated surface heat fluxes could beexpected if the variation of vegetation properties within andbetween years and a new formulation of the boundary conditionsfor heat flux into the soil is included.
Keywords: Surface energy balance, Snow, Boreal forest,SVAT models, Eddy-correlation Measurements, Latent heat flux,Sensible heat flux, Net radiation, Soil temperature,Aerodynamic roughness, Surface resistance
QC 20100614
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Dossa, Clebio Gavioli. "CoreLB: uma proposta de balanceamento de carga na rede com Openflow e SNMP." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2016. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/5895.
Анотація:
Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-11-01T15:35:45Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
Clebio Dossa_.pdf: 1252617 bytes, checksum: 784b95c29ee09e2a922686b26cb7aa51 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-01T15:35:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Clebio Dossa_.pdf: 1252617 bytes, checksum: 784b95c29ee09e2a922686b26cb7aa51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-18
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Atualmente, muitos serviços distribuem a carga entre diversos nós computacionais direcionando as conexões com alguma estratégia de balanceamento para divisão da carga. O advento do uso de redes definidas por software (SDN) está mudando paradigmas da administração de redes, absorvendo serviços especializados, automatizando processos e gerando inteligência para regras estáticas com uma grande variedade de opções de implementação. O balanceamento de carga é um dos serviços especializados que pode usufruir dos conceitos de SDN, sem definições e processos estáticos como ocorre muitas vezes nos atuais modelos usados de balanceamento de carga. A definição dos protocolos que suportam SDN usualmente permitem soluções alternativas e eficientes para este problema, desta forma, neste trabalho, é apresentada uma proposta de metodologia para balanceamento de carga entre distintos servidores de um pool com a troca do destino de tráfego realizada pela rede. Esta solução é chamada Core-based load balance (CoreLB), pois o serviço especializado de balanceamento de carga é realizado pela rede onde a administração de pacotes é nativamente realizada. A metodologia faz uso do protocolo SNMP para análise de recursos dos servidores com o objetivo de avaliar a situação de carga de cada nó computacional e de estatísticas de consumo de rede através do protocolo OpenFlow. Este trabalho avaliou o balanceamento de carga em serviços Web e a união de estatísticas de rede e da carga dos servidores, para a tomada de decisão de balanceamento, mostra-se uma metodologia eficiente e com melhores tempos de resposta ao usuário comparado com outras metodologias de avaliadas. Também melhorou a distribuição de consumo de recursos entre os servidores.
Currently, most services balance the load between distinct hosts forwarding connections with a load balance strategy in front. Usually, a dedicated appliance is responsible to performthe balance and may be a fault point and become expensive. The new concepts of computer network architecture with Software-Defined Networking (SND) are changing the network management, absorving specialist services, automating process and building intelligence to statics rules with loads of delivery options. The load balance is a specialized service that can enjoy in a positive way of SDN concepts, with low costs, in a flexible way as per the process needs instead of a plastered process definitions that occurs in many actual models. The OpenFlow protocol definition allow us to use a new solution to address this issue. This work shows a load balance purpose between distinct hosts with the destination change of connections made by the network core. It calls Core-based load balance (CoreLB) because the specialized load balance service move to the network core where the package forwarding is naturally made. This solution intend to use the SNMP protocol to analyse the hosts resources to evaluate server’s load. Using the network forwarding statistics and OS load informations, an efficient solution of load balance, the metodology proved to be efficient with better users’ response times average of 19% than no balanced scenario as well as around 9% better than others load balance strategies and a properly balance consumption of resources from hosts side. This process can be inhered in distinct models, however, this research intend to evaluate Web Services.
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Bishara, Ayman. "Bauklimatische Simulationsverfahren zur Lösung von Entwurfs-, Planungs- und Sanierungsaufgaben in Syrien." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-131534.
Анотація:
Die vorliegende Dissertation befasst sich mit der Entwicklung, Implementierung, Verifizierung und beispielhaften Anwendung eines thermohygrischen Modells zur Lösung bauklimatisch anspruchsvoller Planungsaufgaben. Als Anwendungsbeispiele dienen zwei Planungsprojekte an kritischen Standorten, ein Sanierungsentwurf für ein Wohngebäude in der warm-trockenen Klimazone (Damaskus) und ein Neubauentwurf für ein Kirchengebäude in der warm- feuchten Klimazone (Latakia).
Die Entwicklung des thermohygrischen Berechnungsmodells wurde auf der Grundlage einer vereinfachten Gebäude- Energie- und Feuchtebilanz vorgenommen. Das Modell prognostiziert den thermischen und hygrischen Raumklimaverlauf in Abhängigkeit des Außenklimas, der Baukonstruktion und der Raumnutzung. Die Validität des Modells konnte in einem ersten Schritt am Beispiel eines Archivbaus am Standort Dresden nachgewiesen werden. In einem zweiten Schritt wurde das Modell in seiner Funktionalität (Eingabeparametervariabilität und -flexibilität) erweitert und in das Programm CLIMT (Climate-Indoor-Moisture-Temperature) implementiert. Die Validität der erweiterten Funktionalität des Programms konnte mit Hilfe von Messergebnissen eines Testhauses am Standort Partwitzer See (Brandenburg) sowie den für dieses Gebäude durchgeführten Simulationsergebnissen (Software TRNSYS) nachgewiesen werden. Die Anwendung des entwickelten Programms CLIMT wurde für zwei gehobene bauklimatische Problemstellungen demonstriert. In beiden Fällen handelt es sich um Gebäude, deren historisch gewachsenes Umfeld und deren bautypologische Traditionen maßgebende Planungsaspekte darstellen. Die Standort- Klimazonen beider Gebäude bringen besondere Schwierigkeiten mit sich.
Für das Sanierungsplanungsbeispiel „Damaszener Wohnhaus“ wurden die Hauptmerkmale der historischen städtebaulichen Einbindung, der Gebäudezonierung sowie der traditionellen gestalterischen und bautechnischen Gebäudeelemente herausgearbeitet. Im Anschluss daran wurde die historisch- bauklimatische Funktionsweise dieses Gebäudetypus mit zahlreichen CLIMT- Variantenrechnungen näher betrachtet. Die besondere klimatische Schwierigkeit des Standortes Damaskus besteht in den permanent hohen Lufttemperaturen von bis zu 42°C, verbunden mit sehr niedrigen Luftfeuchten und Luftgeschwindigkeiten. Es wurden die beiden wesentlichen bauklimatische Funktionsbereiche, deren maßgebende Eigenschaften und deren Wirkungsweise für das Standortklima analysiert. Die Ergebnisse dieser Analyse bilden eine Hilfestellung für die traditionsbewusste bauklimatische Konzeption ähnlicher Gebäudetypen in dieser Klimazone.
Auch für den Anwendungsfall der Neubauplanung eines Kirchenbaus am Standort Al-Rwda (Latakia) wurde eine umfassende bauhistorische Analyse des Gebäudetypus durchgeführt. Es konnten die historisch gewachsenen Hauptmerkmale des byzantinischen bzw. syrischen Sakralbaus in Bezug auf die Gebäudekubatur, Fassadengestaltung, Baustoffwahl und Innenraumgestaltung herausgestellt werden. Die bauklimatische Optimierung des neu zu errichtenden Kirchenbaus wurde mit Hilfe von CLIMT- und DELPHIN- Simulationsstudien vorgenommen. Am Gebäudestandort Latakia bestand die besondere Problemstellung in der Berücksichtigung hoher Luftfeuchten und Temperaturen welche ein erhöhtes Schadenspotenzial für die Außenbauteilkonstruktionen bedingen. Trotz der zahlreichen Randvorgaben der Planung konnten die bauphysikalischen Eigenschaften der gewählten Konstruktionen so weit wie möglich den vorteilhaften historischen Konstruktionseigenschaften angenähert werden so dass Schadensfreiheit gewährleistbar ist und der Energiebedarf weitestgehend minimiert wurde. Auch die Erkenntnisse dieses Kapitels bieten Planungshilfestellungen für den Entwurf ähnlicher Gebäudetypen und sind des Weiteren auf andere Klimazonen, so auch die gemäßigte Klimazone, übertragbar.
Die Dissertation leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Verbesserung des Entwurfsprozesses indem sie ein praxistaugliches aber dennoch exaktes Bewertungsmodell zur Verfügung stellt und dessen Anwendung im Zusammenspiel der zahlreichen Entwurfsaspekte wie z.B. Städtebau, Nutzungsanforderungen, Statik, Liturgie, Baugeschichte und vor allem Bauklimatik, beispielhaft aufzeigt. Die Ableitung bauklimatischer Regeln bzw. Erkenntnisse konnten für zwei bauklimatisch bedeutende Klimazonen, die warm- feuchte und die warm- trockene Zone, an Hand zweier Entwurfsfelder bzw. Entwurfsbeispiele aufgestellt werden. Die erzielten Erkenntnisse beruhen dabei nicht nur auf der Anwendung des thermohygrischen Gebäudemodells sondern auch auf einer theoretischen Analyse der baugeschichtlichen Vorbilder für die Entwurfsbeispiele der jeweiligen Klimazone.
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Ломачинська, І. А. "Інституційна трансформація фінансової системи України". Thesis, Одеса, 2021. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/22116.
Анотація:
Ломачинська, І. А. Інституційна трансформація фінансової системи України : дис. ... д-ра екон. наук : 08.00.08 / І. А. Ломачинська. - Одеса, 2021. - 459 с.Дослідження спрямоване на обґрунтування теоретичних та методологічних засад інституційної трансформації національної фінансової системи та розроблення пропозицій, спрямованих на забезпечення її ефективності для стійкого економічного зростання України. Систематизовано теоретичні підходи до визначення сутності фінансової системи, уточнено поняттєвий апарат. Обґрунтовано концептуальні положення інституційного розвитку фінансової системи та її трансформації. Розвинуто методологічний базис дослідження інституційної трансформації фінансової системи. Обґрунтовано логічну послідовність структурно-параметричного оцінювання інституційних змін у фінансовій системі та її методичний супровід. Розроблено механізм інституційного регулювання фінансової системи. Запропоновано теоретикоприкладні положення інституційної трансформації фінансової системи під впливом технологічних змін, концептуальну модель поведінки фінансової організації в новій економіці. Розвинуто наукові підходи до інституційної трансформації фінансової системи на основі сталості. Досліджено еволюцію фінансової системи України. Здійснено оцінювання сформованості та якості інституційної структури національної фінансової системи та ідентифіковано інституційні зміни, їх деструкції та деформації. Сформовано комплекс науково-прикладних рекомендацій щодо прискорення інституційної трансформації фінансової системи України на основі інституційної модернізації. Розроблено й обґрунтовано концепцію інституційної модернізації фінансової системи. Розроблено методичний підхід до оцінювання ефективності інституційних змін фінансової системи країни. Окреслено стратегічні домінанти підвищення ефективності фінансової системи України
Научное исследование направлено на обоснование теоретических и методологических основ институциональной трансформации национальной финансовой системы и разработку предложений, направленных на обеспечение ее эффективности для устойчивого экономического роста Украины. Систематизированы теоретические подходы к определению сущности финансовой системы и уточнен актуальный понятийный аппарат. Обоснованы концептуальные положения институционального развития финансовой системы и ее трансформации. Разработан методологический базис исследования институциональной трансформации финансовой системы. Обоснованно логическую последовательность структурно-параметрического оценивания институциональных изменений в финансовой системе и ее методическое сопровождение. Разработан механизм институционального регулирования финансовой системы. Предложено теоретико-прикладные положения институциональной трансформации финансовой системы под влиянием технологических изменений, концептуальную модель поведения финансовой организации в новой экономике. Развиты научные подходы к институциональной трансформации финансовой системы на основе устойчивого развития. Исследована эволюция финансовой системы Украины. Осуществлена оценка сформированности и качества институциональной структуры национальной финансовой системы и идентифицировано институциональные изменения, их деструкции и деформации. Сформирован комплекс научноприкладных рекомендаций по ускорению институциональной трансформации финансовой системы Украины на основе институциональной модернизации. Разработаны и обоснованы концепцию институциональной модернизации финансовой системы. Разработан методический подход к оценке эффективности институциональных изменений финансовой системы страны. Определены стратегические доминанты повышения эффективности финансовой системы Украины.
This research deals with a formation of the conceptual basis and scientific substantiation of the theoretical and methodological base, methodological guidelines and recommendations related to the institutional transformation of the financial system of Ukraine. The research is aimed at solving current problems concerning assurance of stability, safety and effectiveness of the national financial system by use of the concepts of its institutional transformation. A concept of the financial system institutional transformation is based upon the institutional development paradigm and suggests a large-scale, qualitative and fundamental change in its institutional structure, which alters the stereotypes and models of the financial behavior, includes the qualitative change of the financial system structure, the financial activity practices and its targets; changes the incentives, stimuli and factors influence decision-making in the financial sphere, the institutions and the mechanisms of their accomplishment. The concept of the financial architecture construction, as the organizational and institutional structure of the financial system, and the internal structure of its institutional hierarchy have been established. The conceptual basis and methodological factors defining the research of the financial system institutional transformation have been formulated. Substantiated as well are the concepts of financialization and financial economy as the current paradigm of the economic and financial development. The conceptual basis of the current transformation of the financial system institutional structure of the financial system has been proposed with due account of the technological changes, digitalization and global transformations. The insight in the theoretical and methodological basics of the financial system institutional transformation has been increased upon the principles of sustainable development. Proposed are the scientific and methodological support, methodological guidelines for diagnosing the maturity of the institutional environment of the national financial system and quality of its institutional structure. The author developed and substantiated the concept of the institutional upgrading of the financial system, being a component of the system transformation process based on the institutional changes, financial policy and socialization, which is aimed at raising effectiveness of the financial system functions and assurance of its competitiveness that will boost economic growth,, social progress and ecological effectiveness. A mechanism of the institutional regulation of the financial system development and methodological approaches to appraising effectiveness of the institutional changes have been proposed in order to make timely adjustments, make decisions aimed at improvements and refine institutions as well as design new ones. The analysis of the financial development of the national economy of Ukraine and diagnostics of the financial system institutional environment were performed. The scientific basics, strategic directions and the dominating ideas of the institutional upgrading of the national financial system of Ukraine were proposed and substantiated
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Bey, Marie Elena. "The Effect of Pregnancy on the Risk of Injury." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22139.
Анотація:
Körperliche Aktivität während der Schwangerschaft wirkt sich positiv auf die Gesundheit von Mutter und Kind aus. Trotzdem werden Schwangere häufig gewarnt, sich aufgrund der abnehmenden Muskelkraft, den nachgiebigeren Bändern und Sehnen sowie der verschlechterten Stabilität beim Sport verletzen zu können. Um Verletzungen während der Schwangerschaft vorbeugen zu können, wird in dieser Arbeit erstmalig der Einfluss von Schwangerschaft auf den Muskel-Sehnen-Komplex der unteren Extremitäten untersucht. Weiterhin werden der Effekt auf das statische Gleichgewicht und der Einsatz eines Schwangerschaftsgurtes als potentielle Präventionsmaßnahme gegen Sturzunfälle überprüft.
Zur Untersuchung des Muskel-Sehnen-Komplexes wurde die Morphologie des m. vastus lateralis, die Muskelkraft der Knieextensoren und die Eigenschaften der Patellasehne am Anfang und am Ende der Schwangerschaft sowie ein halbes Jahr nach der Entbindung mittels Ultraschall und Dynamometrie analysiert. Das Gleichgewicht wurde anhand der Grenzen der Stabilität nach anterior und posterior und anhand des Körperschwankens im ruhigen Stand auf einer Kraftmessplatte bei Schwangeren in den unterschiedlichen Schwangerschaftstrimestern und bei Nicht-Schwangeren mit und ohne Schwangerschaftsgurt beurteilt.
Diese Arbeit liefert relevante Erkenntnisse, die für die Beurteilung des Verletzungsrisikos von Schwangeren und für die Entwicklung geeigneter präventiver Maßnahmen nützlich sind. Es wurde zum wiederholten Male bestätigt, dass Schwangerschaft zu einer Verschlechterung der posturalen Stabilität führt. Ein Schwangerschaftsgurt stellt jedoch keine geeignete Methode zur Verbesserung der Stabilität dar. Während Muskelmorphologie und Sehnensteifigkeit keinen negativen Einfluss zeigen, könnte die zunehmende Sehnenruhelänge zu einer vergrößerten Gelenkbeweglichkeit beitragen und das Risiko für Verletzungen und Stürze erhöhen.Physical activity during pregnancy has beneficial effects on maternal and fetal health. However, pregnant women are frequently cautioned when exercising since a loss in muscle strength, an increased compliance of ligaments and tendons as well as impairments in postural stability are assumed to lead to injuries in pregnant women. This thesis investigates for the first time the effect of pregnancy on the muscle-tendon unit of the lower extremities for the prevention of injuries during pregnancy. Furthermore, this thesis analyzes the effect of pregnancy on static postural stability and examines whether a maternity support belt is an appropriate method for fall prevention in pregnant women. To investigate the muscle-tendon unit, the morphology of the vastus lateralis muscle, muscle strength of the knee extensors and the properties of the patellar tendon were analyzed in the early and late stage of pregnancy as well as six months after delivery by means of ultrasound and dynamometry. Balance ability was assessed determining the limits of stability in the anterior and posterior directions and the postural sway during motionless upright standing on a force plate in pregnant women in different trimesters of pregnancy and in non-pregnant women with and without maternity support belt. This thesis provides relevant evidence for the assessment of the risk of injury in pregnant women and the development of appropriate prevention strategies. It confirmed that pregnancy is accompanied by impaired postural stability. However, a maternity support belt is not an appropriate method to improve stability. While muscle morphology and tendon stiffness were not negatively affected during pregnancy, the increase in tendon rest length might contribute to an increased joint mobility that may increase the fall and injury risk.
39
Liu, Tser-Shyan, and 劉澤賢. "Study on Architecture-Oriented Business Intelligence system with Balanced Scorecard." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/dy65ey.
Анотація:
碩士國立中山大學
資訊管理學系研究所
96
In the modern competitive business activity, information collection becomes very important to support enterprises management groups to make decision. Many enterprises consider knowledge management and application are very important issues in the Knowledge Economy era. Therefore, Business Intelligence System becomes more popular and adopted by many enterprises like the flames added by the fuel in Knowledge Economy era. Enterprise management with Balanced Scorecard is also introduced by well-known scholars as well at this stage. The combination of Business Intelligence System and Balanced Scorecard becomes more efficient for enterprise management and pushes the modern enterprises forward to the Open Knowledge Economy era. The main purpose of this research is to adopt architecture theory to construct the Architecture Oriented Business Intelligence system with Balanced Scorecard Model(AOBIBSCM). This model provides an efficient construction method for the constructors to control the system with the whole system overview. The constructors can easily find out the Structure elements, Services of structure elements, Relationship of structure elements, Structure Behavior Coalescence, in order to compare with the real world behaviors and allow constructors validate and realize the sequence of behaviors. The tight combination of structure point of view, behavior point of view and other points of view integrates structure and behavior neatly, making it far superior than Non-Architecture designed method which separates structure and behavior. Non-Architecture construction method is easy to lead the structure and behavior to different routes and wastes time to re-design and adjust the system. This research adopts logical theorem to construct AOBIBSCM. It constructs (1)AOBIBSCM，and describes (2)Non-AOBIBSCM(NAOBIBSCM) construction method, then (3)Compare AOBIBSCM and NAOBIBSCM, then show the benefit of AOBIBSCM. The contribution of this research is to construct AOBIBSCM which includes Structure element diagrams, Hierarchy of structure element diagrams, Service of structure element diagrams, Relationship of structure element diagrams, Structure and behavior coalescence diagram, Sequence diagrams. Our research furnishes an efficient construction method for enterprises to install AOBIBSC, and reduces the construction risk and cost, and provides more discussion space of the system real implementation, testing, construction and performance tuning.
40
Hung, Hui-shun, and 洪輝舜. "Traffic- and Thermal- balanced Adaptive Beltway Routing Algorithm and Architecture Design for Thermal-Aware 3D NoC Systems." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53923852880644896642.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣大學
電子工程學研究所
100
In this thesis, we proposed Traffic- and Thermal- balanced Adaptive Beltway Routing (TTABR) algorithm and architecture design for performance reduction due to the traffic load and thermal distribution imbalance in thermal-aware 3D network-on-chip (NoC). The minimal path routing on 3D NoC cause the unbalance traffic load, which also induce the thermal distribution imbalance. To ensure thermal safety and avoid huge performance back-off from the temperature constraint, run time thermal management is required. However the regulation of temperature requires throttling of the near-overheated router, which makes the topology become Non-Stationary Irregular Mesh (NSI-mesh). It still has performance degradation, and the traffic load imbalance gets worse. Hence the thermal distribution might also become worse and trigger more routers to be throttled. We manage to break this loop to get a better performance and stable 3D NoC systems. TTABR aims to balance the lateral traffic load. It has providing the non-minimal path to increase path diversity and using novel cascade routing to heave the lateral traffic. TTABR also proposed to solve the traffic load imbalance in the vertical direction. Based on the experimental results, the proposed routing scheme can significantly improve the performance and balance traffic load. For low cost implementation, we also propose memory reduction techniques, and we gain 2.7x throughput improvement for only 26.7% area overhead. The throughput per area of our proposed algorithm is 2.1x compared to other related work.
41
Wey, Kuang Ke, and 魏光科. "VT Balancer Architecture for Near Threshold Voltage Full Adder Design." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/m7t7k6.
42
Chen, Kuo-cheng, and 陳國正. "Design of a R value based VoIP load balance Architecture." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18007739618382584710.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
資訊工程系
100
With the transmission of VoIP voice packets over the internet, maintaining consistent communication quality (Quality of Service, QoS) and efficient load balancing distributional structure is a mission critical.Since the SIP RFC 3602 standard does not articulate a specific protocol utilized to allocate dedicated broadband resources in different network environment for an user agent, this theses will addresses these inadequate point by proposing,considering the networking feature of SIP protocol and the VoIP applications, a integrated mechanism of the SIP reservation resource protocol to achieve consistent communication quality.Through the SIP mechanism of the integrated integrated-network RSVP(Reservation Service Protocol) and differentiated-network COPS-SLS (Common Open Policy service-Service Level Specification), these integrated mechanism is able to reserve VoIP channel resources, realizing the fact that the quality of the communication over VoIP is close to that over PSTN.Moreover, using the R Value calculated by the voice server under VoIP structure as a the threshold to allocate voice traffic brings about a steady communication quality for the voice packet relying server to practice the distributional load balancing act, a stable and practical VoIP structure.According to the simulation outcome, considering the delay time and the packet loss rate of one-way transmission under the practical interfered network environment, the result of adopting the SIP mechanism of the integrated reservation service protocol proposed in these theses is better than that of not adopting.The R Value, the monitoring threshold of the voice quality, is calculated by acquiring necessary parameters from the fields of RTCP packet. Furthermore, the use of the R Value to perform voice traffic distribution calculation is surely able to swiftly distribute VoIP traffic along with the steady communication quality.
43
Huang, Yuan-Fang, and 黃遠芳. "Scalable Load Balance / High Availability Architecture for Network Security Switch." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27747861150508532801.
Анотація:
碩士國立清華大學
資訊系統與應用研究所
93
Internet traffic grow very fast in the past years and network security issue becomes more and more critical and important. Typically, network security devices, such as firewalls and Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IPS), are installed behind the routers of an enterprise network to prevent the attack from Internet. However, it is found that more than 80% attacks are actually launched from the affected computers inside the intranet. Therefore the concept of defense-in-depth is emerged to prevent attacks not only from the Internet but also from the internal personal computers. This leads the need of security switches to provide the first mile protection. Unfortunately, the current layer-7 security switch solution is complex and expensive. In this thesis, a scalable load balance and high availability (LB/HA) architecture for network security switches is proposed. In this architecture, each “security switch” is composed a traditional layer-2 switch and a “security switch engine (SSE)” which provides the layer-7 packet inspection service. These two components are coupled by Gigabit Ethernet link. A novel mechanism is designed to connect the SSEes so that a group of security switches are interconnected to achieve the HA feature. Thus, the system can still provide security service even only one security switch is alive. An intelligent load balancing is also designed for the SSE so that the security service can be balanced among the SSEes. The proposed architecture is also implemented with four security switches. Experimental results show that the HA function works well for shutting down any three security switches and the security service can be balanced among the alive security switches dynamically. Most importantly, the SSE can be a high performance but cost effective standard IPC, and therefore the proposed LB/HA security system can be implemented on a very cost efficient way.
44
Chy, Zhi-Chi, and 池至欽. "Web Server Load Balance Architecture for Burst Mode Service Request." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52417199779170181611.
Анотація:
碩士大同大學
資訊工程學系(所)
92
More and more network services needs powerful server to handle. However, quite a lot of services may not be able to handle by a single server. The cluster server system provides fluent website services to the big enterprise and business website, which can sustain a large number of connections in a short period of time. However, the cost of cluster server system is quite expensive. We propose a system that uses the Round-Robin algorithm to implement a load balance web server system from a large number of heterogeneous servers, including general purpose personal computers and low end PC servers. We use a number of client computers to simulate large number of client requests to our load balance server system. The experimental results show that our system can not only have the capability to process a large number of connection requests but also successfully distribute the load to individual server according to its capacity.
45
Scheepers, Janine. "Reverberating Architecture Outdoor Recreational Equipment Centre." Diss., 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29810.
Анотація:
Reverberating architecture exists through the echoes of its creative or architectural image. It is an architecture where the being of that architectural image reverberates and is felt throughout the whole transformative process until its echoes engage with the inner experience of the onlooker. These reverberations might impact the onlooker in such a way that it provokes a new architectural image within him or her. My design thinking was very much influenced by this thesis theme, as well as the concept of an indoor-outdoor system that intertwines. The concept is to design an outdoor recreational equipment centre with speciality shops for mountain biking, kayaking and canoeing, hiking and climbing. This retail complex varies from conventional retail centres in that it is an interactive retail store. This implies that the equipment can be tried before purchasing it. The architecture and the extreme sport activities [climbing, the mountain bike track and the kayak and canoe channel] would be used as communicating devices for specific brands. A precarious balance was needed between the plan, the architecture and the extreme sports existing within the architecture. Therefore a language was developed where by architecture not only responded to the site, but also with the movement happening in and around the site.Dissertation (MArch (Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2005.
Architecture
unrestricted
46
Corcoran, Erin. "Architecture: An Introspective Look at the Pedagogical Culture." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3703.
Анотація:
In North America, to become an architect, students must acquire a wide range of knowledge, create designs in studio, and spend some time working in an architecture firm. There are various lessons that they need to learn, and techniques that they develop through their education that combine to give them the necessary skills to write their professional exams.
However, the education of an architect is not a process that is simple or straight-forward, and there are a series of other elements that, combined with this basic knowledge, ultimately create contemporary architects. Qualities like individual development, experience, emotional response, personal attitudes, and behaviours are not elements that are going to show up in any architecture school’s brochure, but their effect on the student is just as important as the knowledge that he or she will require to practice.
To date, pedagogical inquiry into architecture seems to take two views: either looking at educational techniques and courses; or focusing on the detrimental symptoms of the less-tangible elements mentioned above. This thesis will bridge these two areas by researching the educational process and combining this knowledge with the important but more subjective areas of individual development. Through this study a clearer understanding of the profession will emerge, creating an opportunity for it to improve in the future.
47
Lee, Hung-Wei, and 李弘威. "A Two-Tier Heterogeneous Mobile Ad Hoc Network Architecture and Its Load-Balance Routing Problem." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74027171773337703727.
Анотація:
碩士國立交通大學
資訊工程系
91
The mobile ad hoc network (MANET) has attracted a lot of interest recently. However, most of the existing works have assumed a stand-alone MANET. In this thesis, we propose a two-tier, heterogeneous MANET architecture which can support Internet access. The low tier of the network consists of a set of mobile hosts each equipped with an IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN card. In order to connect to the Internet and handle the network partitioning problem, we propose that the high tier is comprised of a subset of the mobile hosts, called gateways, which can access to cellular / infrastructure networks. The high tier is heterogeneous in the sense that the network interfaces in the gateway hosts could be IEEE 802.11 cards, PHS handsets, or GPRS handsets characterized by different bandwidths and latencies. Observing that the gateways could become the bottlenecks of the two-tier network, we propose a set of solutions, namely boundary-moving, host-partitioning, and probabilistic solutions, to solve the load-balance routing issue. Implementation issues/concerns of these schemes are discussed. Simulation results are presented to compare these load-balance routing schemes. Prototype implementation experiences of such a network architecture is also presented.
48
Lee, Bau-Cheng, and 李寶鑑. "Architectural Exploration of 3D FPGAs towards a Better Balance between Area and Delay." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05911280876636815748.
Анотація:
碩士國立交通大學
電子研究所
99
The emerging 3D technology, which stacks multiple dies within a single chip and utilizes through-silicon vias (TSVs) as vertical connections, is considered a promising solution for achieving better performance and easy integration. Similarly, a generic 2D FPGA architecture can evolve into a 3D one by extending its signal switching scheme from 2D to 3D. That is, replacing the 2D switch boxes (SBs) with the 3D-SBs which add to TSVs for vertical links between different layers. However, replacing all 2D-SBs by 3D ones with full vertical connectivity is found both area-consuming and resource-squandering because the overall utilization of TSVs is extremely low. Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the footprint with only minor delay increase by properly tailoring the structure and deployment strategy of 3D-SBs. In this thesis, we perform a comprehensive architectural exploration of 3D FPGAs. Various architectural alternatives are proposed and then evaluated thoroughly to pick out the most appropriate ones with a better balance between area and delay. Finally, we recommend several configurations for generic 3D FPGA architectures, which can save up to 52% area with virtually no delay penalty.
49
Ramakrishna, Mukund. "GCA: Global Congestion Awareness for Load Balance in Networks-on-Chip." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11712.
Анотація:
As modern CMPs scale to ever increasing core counts, Networks-on-Chip (NoCs) are emerging as an interconnection fabric, enabling communication between components. While NoCs are easy to implement and provide high and scalable bandwidth, current routing algorithms, such as dimension-ordered routing, suffer from poor load balance, leading to reduced throughput and high latencies. Improving load balance, hence, is critical in future CMP designs where increased latency leads to wasted power and energy waiting for outstanding requests to resolve. Adaptive routing is a known technique to improve load balance; however, prior adaptive routing techniques either use local, myopic information or misinformed, regionally-aggregated information to form their routing decisions. This thesis proposes a new, light-weight, adaptive routing algorithm for on-chip routers based on global link state and congestion information, Global Congestion Awareness (GCA). GCA leverages unused bits in existing packet header flits to "piggyback" congestion state information around the network and uses a simple, low-complexity route calculation unit, to calculate optimal packet paths to their destination without the myopia of local decisions, nor the aggregation of unrelated status information, found in prior designs. In particular GCA outperforms local adaptive routing by up to 82%, Regional Congestion Awareness (RCA) by up to 51%, and a recent competing adaptive routing algorithm, DAR, by 8% on average on realistic workloads.
50
Paquette, Samantha. "Modelling of a Bioretention Cell Soil Moisture Regime in Southern Ontario." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/3566.
Анотація:
Current stormwater management practices (SMP) are not sufficient for maintaining predevelopment runoff volumes. Low impact development (LID) uses site scale SMP to reduce runoff. Bioretention cells, one practice within LID, are small planting beds designed to filter and infiltrate runoff using amended soil and vegetation. The bioretention cell can create a harsh soil moisture regime for plants that has not been adequately characterized. Bioretention cell construction, meteorological, and soil science data were built into the Happy Plant Model to determine how often bioretention plants were saturated and experienced water stress over a thirty year period. The model takes into account eight design factors: soil media depth and texture, gravel storage, ponding depth, drainage area, in situ soil infiltration rate, the landscape coefficient, and root zone depth. The Happy Plant model will aid future studies and landscape architecture practitioners with bioretention plant selection.