Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Comportement spatial – Simulation par ordinateur"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Comportement spatial – Simulation par ordinateur":
Fotsing, Eric, Peter H. Verburg, Wouter T. De Groot, Jean-Paul Cheylan, and Maurice Tchuenté. "Un modèle intégré pour explorer les trajectoires d'utilisation de l'espace." Revue Africaine de la Recherche en Informatique et Mathématiques Appliquées Volume 16, 2012 (September 30, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.46298/arima.1961.
Дисертації з теми "Comportement spatial – Simulation par ordinateur":
Bensalem, Ahlem Bertin Yves Bonjour Jocelyn. "Contribution à l'analyse du comportement de caloducs oscillants à finalité spatiale par voies expérimentale et numérique." Poitiers : I-Medias, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/index.php?id=330.
Bensalem, Ahlem. "Contribution à l'analyse du comportement de caloducs oscillants à finalité spatiale par voies expérimentale et numérique." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Bensalem-Ahlem/2008-Bensalem-Ahlem-These.pdf.
Spacecrafts (satellite, space probe,. . . ) are integrating more and more heat dissipative equipments. Such a complexity, combined with the imposed constraints concerning the reduction of volumes and masses on board these devices, leads to a growing need of accurate, reliable and passive thermal control solutions. In this constraining context, phase-change thermal management systems such as heat pipes or loop heat pipes seem inevitable because of their substantial heat transfer capabilities and of their passive operation. This thesis is devoted to characterise a new phase-change thermal management system operation : pulsating heat pipe. The experimental investigation which has been conducted allowed determining the performance of two pulsating heat pipe prototypes. These two systems have a different inner diameter and they have been tested using two distinct working fluids (water and acetone). The induced effects of several parameters such as the filling ratio, the heat input or the inclination angle,. . . On the operation of these devices have also been explored. Different tests revealed a substantial heat transfer potential and a less sensitive behaviour to gravity forces than a conventional heat pipe. A theoretical approach has been added to this experimental work. It aims at modeling the thermohydrodynamic behaviour of an elementary control volume composed of a single vapour plug and a single liquid slug. It has been shown that oscillations can occur even if the system is submitted only to thermal stresses. This model led in particular to show favourable conditions to the appearance and maintenance of liquid-vapour interface oscillations
Li, Tianyi. "Vision, mutlisensory integration and aging in an integrated computational model of spatial memory." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS612.
An ever growing body of neuroscientific data is becoming available from various animal species, including humans, due to technological advances in capturing brain signals and behavior linked with them. These increasing amounts of data, together with an unprecedented power and memory capacity of present day computers calls for large scale computational models with the objective of unifying, storing and analysing these data. Moreover, such models allow crosslinking computational studies from various domains and in various levels of neural hierarchy to provide a deeper understanding of neuronal mechanisms underlying various cognitive phenomena and their link with behavior. The objective of this thesis is to develop an integrated model of human behavior in the context of spatial orientation and its deterioration with age. The problem of spatial cognition is considered as a problem of combining external sensory cues coming from the environment and internal sensory cues coming from self-motion information, with the objective to build a mental representation of surrounding space. A large body of experimental research suggests that this representation is constructed within an intricate network of brain areas residing in the medial temporal lobe, with external sensory input arriving via a ``dorsal'' visual path originating in early visual areas and passing via the parietal cortex. Aging has been shown to strongly affect medial temporal lobe networks and associated memory-based behaviors, and in particular the creation of mental representations of space. In this thesis we develop an integrated neural network model of spatial memory by based on anatomical and functional experimental evidence of sensory information processing in the dorsal visual path and medial temporal lobe networks. We use this model to simulate a number of experiments linking human visual functions with spatial orientation behaviors, and propose how visual cues are combined with self-motion input during the construction of mental maps of space. We then test the hypothesis that aging exerts its deteriorating effects on spatial memory via acting on neuromodulatory action in the brain and is linked with reduced novelty processing in the medial temporal lobe. Overall, the work performed during this doctoral thesis provides a first step towards building an integrated computer platform for human behavior simulation and contributes to a better understanding of how spatial representations are built from sensory signals and are affected by aging
Koval, Junior Georg. "Comportement d’interface des matériaux granulaires." Paris Est, 2008. http://pastel.paristech.org/4192/01/KOVAL.pdf.
In this thesis, we analyze the interface behavior of granular materials, and particularly the phenomenon of shear strain localization in the vicinity of a wall. Using an annular geometry with imposed shear velocity and confining pressure, we compare experimental and numerical approaches to describe this behavior. The experimental approach is composed of experiments with model materials in two annular simple shear devices (ACSA and mini-ACSA). We connect measurements of shear strain of the granular medium, obtained by correlation imaging velocimetry (ACSA) and by magnetic resonance imaging (mini-ACSA) to global measurements of the stress and volume variations. The numerical approach consists of two-dimensional discrete simulations (molecular dynamics). We study the influence of the geometry and the surface roughness on the behavior of the granular interfaces. In simulation, we complete the study with the analysis of inertial effects
Rohani, Seyed Yahya. "Simulation numérique du comportement des matériaux granulaires." Metz, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1995/Rohani.Seyed_Yahya.SMZ9541.pdf.
The theory of continuous media is not sufficient to explain the behaviour of granular materials, so it is necessary to consider the discrete nature of such media. A method that answers such questions is the distinc element method. The numerical simulation of the behaviour of Schneebeli analogical material (2D) and of granular materials (3D) is done by the distinct element method and by using the trubal program in order to reproduce numerically, certain experimental tests of the characterization of granular materials. The biaxial compression test and the simple shear test are done with rolls of PVC and glass and the trixial test is simulated with glass balls. The experimental results validate the method used and enable us to obtain the characteristic parameters of materials by different kinds of loading. The exploitation of numerical results highlights the fundamental role of the intergrain friction and the material density in order to characterize the granular media, enabling the analysis of the phenomenon of dilatance, localization and shear band. Finally, we applied this study to the behaviour of granular materials under push and trust effects, and in the case of ensiled materials
Bouassida, Yosra. "Modélisation du comportement des dallages industriels." Marne-la-Vallée, ENPC, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENPC1010.
Vu, Thi Hai Yen. "Simulation du Comportement sous Irradiation aux Ions Lourds du Nanocomposite Au-SiO2." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2015. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01265991/document.
Metal-glass nanocomposites are interesting owing to their particular optical-properties. Ion irradiation can be used as a tool to fabricate nanocomposites. The aim of this thesis was to study, from a fundamental point of view, the behavior of gold nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in an amorphous silica matrix under irradiation. My contribution consists in the interpretation, by modeling and numerical simulation, of experimental results previously obtained by researchers of the Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés. In a first type of experiments, the system was irradiated with 4 MeV gold ions while in a second type the irradiation was performed by using 74 MeV krypton ions. For the study of the first type of experiments, the simulation by kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) on rigid lattice was chosen and developed specifically to study the behavior of NPs irradiated at different temperatures. The simulations allows us to reproduce qualitatively the experimental results at any temperature. We found that the system evolves within a direct coarsening regime at high temperature (T>900 K) whereas at low temperatures (T<600 K) it becomes resistant to coarsening and the NPs dissolve. A transition regime is observed between 600 K and 900 K. The KMC simulation highlights and explains an effect of the size of the NPs on their dissolution under irradiation. It also demonstrated that unidirectional ballistic models could account for the law of dissolution. A model based on the theoretical approach of Frost and Russel including a size-dependent recoil generation rate fully describes the dissolution for any NP size. In the second type, the system evolves in the electronic energy deposition regime. Depending on their size, the NP can be vaporized (diameter<10 nm), transformed into nanorod (10-30 nm) or faceted NP (30-60 nm) or slightly deformed (>60 nm) by the incident ions. We imagined a scenario for the mechanism of deformation which is based on the thermal expansion of the melted NP into the track produced by the incident ion in the matrix. Its implementation using a new simulation technique helped to refine certain elements of the scenario and to improve the overall understanding of the process. The qualitative agreement between the experimental data and the results obtained by the simulation validate the proposed mechanism
Pakpahan, Parouli M. "Modélisation et simulation du comportement thermique des parafoudres à ZnO." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ECDLA006.
Dautriat, Jérémie. "Comportement hydromécanique de roches réservoir sous contraintes : relations entre évolution de perméabilité et échelles des mécanismes d'endommagement." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/38/57/77/PDF/Manuscrit_These_Dautriat.pdf.
The Understanding and the prevention of damage mechanisms, which have an impact on the kinetics of production and the rate of recovery, remain an outstanding issue in reservoir engineering. The aim of this study, based on the characterization of the hydromechanical behaviour of sandstone and carbonate rocks in 'reservoir conditions', is the identification of the local mechanisms responsible for changes in permeability measured macroscopically. The experimental work was performed with an original triaxial set-up, which allows measurements of the stress-induced permeability evolutions in the principal directions of the stress tensor. A first experimental campaign, consisting in hydrostatic and uniaxial compression tests, has been performed on Fontainebleau and Bentheim sandstones. In one hand, we showed that experimental end-effects might affect significantly the ‘classical' axial permeability measurements, and in the other hand, we have determined the impact of brittle failure on directional permeabilities. Compression experiments, following different stress-paths, were also carried out on a carbonate, the Estaillades limestone. In elastic deformation regime, the reduction of permeability was modelized by pore network simulations, based on 3D reconstructions of μ-tomography RX and a simplified representation of the pore space. While brittle fracture of carbonate samples induced slight permeability evolutions, at higher effective pressure, permeability drops can reach 90% to the initial values and are associated with mechanisms of pore collapse. The post-mortem analysis of deformed samples, coupled with digital image correlation methods, using both SEM and Optical acquisition devices, provide a better understanding of the role of the heterogeneities, identified at different scales, in the strain localization and their potential impacts on permeability changes at the sample scale
Condaxakis, Constantin. "Contrôle passif des pales d'éoliennes et simulation de leur comportement." La Rochelle, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LAROS058.