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1
Rižakovaitė, Laima. "Metaforų vertimas Hermano Melvilio romane "Mobi Dikas"." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060605_221126-83938.
Анотація:
The subject of the present research is the phenomenon of metaphors in the novel “Moby Dick” by Herman Melville (translated by Irena Balčiūnienė) in the aspect of translation. The aim is to analyze the ways of translating metaphors and to determine what structural changes they undergo in the process of translation. For this purpose 711 examples of metaphors have been selected and classified according to their translation into the Lithuanian language from the point of view of co-text (i.e. the linguistic environment of the metaphor.
2
Ahlvin, Martin, and Ros Sofia Alexandersson. "Markytesänkning, växthusgasavgång och utlakning från dikad torvjord." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-404367.
Анотація:
Greenhouse gas emissions and land subsidence on four cultivated peat soils (Martebo, Örke, Kälkestad, Lidhult) have been investigated by measuring emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) in field and lab. Greenhouse emitted gas (mg/h) from undisturbed soil cores was measured in lab. Measurements were performed at four different drainage depths. Soil cores were also kept incubated at constant drainage depth and emitted gas was measured with two-week intervals at three measurement occasions. Field measurements of CO2 emissions (mg/h/m2) were also performed. In addition to gas emissions, irrigation of soil cores has been carried out to investigate the risk of leaching of copper (Cu), phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N) and dissolved organic matter (DOC) during rewetting, and whether turbidity can be used as a measurement of DOC. Land surveying with GPS was done on three of the peat soils. This was to investigate how land subsidence can be related to CO2 emissions. On one of the sites different land surveying methods were used to assess their suitability for tracking land subsidence in peat soils. 30 year land surveying data from the sites have also been compiled and analyzed. The peat soils are part of a long-term experiment that was laid out in 1986. On each site one field was fertilized with copper and one was kept untreated as comparision. The purpose of the copper fertilizer was to reduce the activity of microorganisms. By doing so the degradation of soil organic matter could be reduced, thereby reducing the land subsidence. The results show that the ground surface at all four sites has subsided, but no difference is observed for copper-fertilized fields compared to untreated. Neither could an effect on CO2 emissions from copper fertilization be noted. The greatest land subsidence was observed for Martebo and the least for Kälkestad. By using data from the most recent time period the greatest subsidence was instead observed for Örke. This is consistent with Örke having the greatest CO2 emissions. CO2 emissions alone could not explain land subsidence. The results also show that emitted N2O was higher for nutrient-rich soils with the peak directly after saturation. CH4 was at its lowest initially, but then increased and emitted CH4 was greatest for the soils where easily biodegradable organic matter was available. Turbidity alone could not explain the DOC content in leachate from the irrigated soil cores. Conclusions drawn were that copper fertilization had no effect on land subsidence and CO2 emissions in this case. Copper did however still leach from the soils 30 years after addition. Emissions of CO2, N2O and CH4 varies greatly between the different soils. To be able to obtain reliable levels of greenhouse gas emissions from peat soils in climate models, more research is needed on how different peat soils react to water and nutrient content. It is important to have long time series when measuring land subsidence. Using the same measurement equipment will give better results. GPS for land surveying of peatland can be recommended if the results can be related to a fix point.Växthusgasavgång och markytesänkning på fyra odlade torvmarker (Martebo, Örke, Kälkestad, Lidhult) har undersökts genom att mäta utsläpp av koldioxid (CO2), metan (CH4) och lustgas (N2O) i fält och labb. Detta genom att ta in ostörda jordprover i stålcylindrar och i labb mäta gasavgången vid fyra olika dräneringsdjup. Jordprover hölls även inkuberade vid konstant dräneringsdjup och gasavgång mättes med två veckors intervall vid totalt tre mättillfällen. Avgången av CO2 mättes även i fält. Utöver gasavgång har bevattning (i labb) av ostörda jordprover hämtade från fält utförts för att undersöka risk för utlakning av koppar (Cu), fosfor (P), kväve (N) och löst organiskt material (DOC) vid återvätning, samt om det går att använda turbiditet som mått på DOC. På tre av torvmarkerna har markytans höjd avvägts med GPS. Detta för att undersöka hur markytesänkning går att relatera till avgång av CO2. Vid höjdmätning av en av provplatserna har olika höjdmätningsmetoder använts och deras lämplighet för ändamålet undersökts. Sedan har data över markytans höjd från de senaste 30 åren också sammanställts och analyserats. Torvmarkerna är med i ett långliggande försök som lades ut 1986 med ett koppargödslat och ett obehandlat led på varje provplats. Syftet med koppargödslingen var att försöka minska aktiviteten hos mikroorganismer. Detta för att minska nedbrytning av organiskt material i marken och därigenom minska markytesänkningen. Resultaten visade att markytan på alla fyra platser hade sänkts, men ingen skillnad observerades på de koppargödslade försöksrutorna jämfört med de obehandlade. Inte heller observerades effekt av koppargödsling på avgång av CO2. Störst ytsänkning var för Martebo och lägst för Kälkestad. Om endast data från den senaste perioden användes hade Örke störst markytesänkning, vilket var konsekvent med att Örke även hade störst avgång av CO2. Dock var avgången av CO2 för låg för att ensamt kunna förklara markytesänkningen. Resultaten visade även att avgång av N2O var högre för de näringsrika jordarna i studien och högst precis efter att jorden vattenmättats. CH4 började lågt, men ökade sedan och avgången av CH4 var störst för jordarna där lättnedbrytbart organiskt material fanns tillgängligt. Turbiditet kunde inte ensamt förklara halten DOC i lakvatten från lysimetrarna. Slutsatser som kunde dras var att kopparbehandling inte hade effekt på markytesänkning eller avgång av CO2. Koppar kunde däremot fortfarande lakas ut ur jorden 30 år efter gödsling. Avgång av CO2, N2O och CH4 varierade mycket mellan de olika jordarna. För att kunna få tillförlitliga nivåer på växthusgasutsläpp från torvjordar i klimatmodeller krävs mer forskning på hur olika torvjordar reagerar på vattenhalt och näringsinnehåll. Det är viktigt med långa tidsserier vid mätning av ytsänkning och användning av samma mätmetod krävs för att få jämförbara resultat. Användning av GPS för höjdavvägning av torvmark kan rekommenderas om det finns en tydlig fixpunkt att relatera mätresultaten till.
3
Mothemela, Maale Florah. "Tshomiso le kgodiso ya dika tsa Sesotho sa Leboa." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1204.
Анотація:
Thesis (MA. (African Languages)) -- University of Limpopo, 2013This research is aimed at encouraging and empowering the Northern Sotho speaking people to make use of idioms in their everyday communication. A deep explanation of idioms was done as to how, where and when to use them. It has been discovered that idioms are not properly used at different places and levels. The researcher urges people to make use of idioms because they are rich with cultural values such as love and respect. It is very important, therefore, to understand and use idioms correctly as they have the literal as well as the figurative meanings.
4
Lavoix, Valérie. "Liu Xie (circa 465-circa 521), homme de lettres, bouddhiste lai͏̈c et juge des poètes." Paris, INALCO, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INAL0008.
Анотація:
L'itinéraire de Liu Xie, reconnu de son vivant comme clerc et promoteur du bouddhisme mais auteur du plus célèbre traité de critique littéraire chinois (le Wenxin Diaolong), esprit de littérature en dragon ciselé), est extrêmement révélateur de l'intégration des activités bouddhiques et littéraires en son temps et en son milieu, procédant par comparaison avec des personnages contemporains. La thèse évalue le sens des informations livrées ou tues par les sources historiques au sujet de Liu Xie et propose un tableau de la Chine du Sud autour de l'an 500 (cercles et polémiques littéraires) : essor du bouddhisme laïc, du végétarisme, des monastères ; politique de la cour envers les moines, les poètes et les lettrés). On analyse les multiples collaborations de Liu Xie avec le moine Sengyou (445-518) et ses œuvres bouddhiques personnelles ; La partie pamphlétaire du "Miehuo Lun" (Pour anéantir les idées fausses) fait l'objet d'une traduction inédite. On discute les dates controversées de la composition du Wenxin Diaolong (circa 500) et de la mort de Liu Xie, sa relative indépendance de vue vis-à-vis de la réforme poétique promue par Shen Yue (441-513), et celle des compilateurs du Wenxuan (anthologie). A l'égard du Wenxin Diaolong, l'exploration des significations du titre du traité éclaire l'ambition de l'auteur et les enjeux fondamentaux de la critique littéraire à son époque. Une traduction commentée du chapitre "Mingshi" (illustration du poème) traite les problèmes d'interprétation posés par la rhétorique du traité (en prose parallèle), compare ses jugements avec ceux de critiques contemporains et postérieurs et illustre une perspective de lecture nourrie par l'ensemble de l'étudeLiu Xie, author of China's most famous treatise of literary criticism (Wenxin Diaolong), the mind of literature in a chiselled dragon, was in his lifetime better recognized as scholar and promoter of Buddhism, his career is almost a paradigm of the integration of Buddhism and literature in his times and milieu, comparing him with his contemporaries. The dissertation proceeds to evaluate the information about him given or left unmentioned by historical sources, and to offer a historical panorama of Southern China around ad 500 (literary circles and controversies ; the rise of lay Buddhism, vegetarianism and monasteries ; the policies of the court regarding monks, poets and literati). It studies the numerous instances of collaboration between Liu Xie and the monk Sengyou (445-518), as well as his own buddhist works : the pamphlet section of "Miehuo Lun" is here translated for the first time in western language. The dissertation also discusses the controversial dates of the compilation of Wenxin Diaolong and of LIu Xie's death, demonstrates the relative independence of his views regarding the poetic rules upheld in his time by Shen Yue (441-513), and also the independence of the compiles of the Wenxuan from Wenxin Diaolong itself, understanding the meanings of the title of the treatise brings into light its author's ambitions as well as the fundamental stakes of literary criticism in that time. The translation of, and commentaries upon, the "Mingshi" chapter highlight the problems of interpreting Liu Xie's rhetoric (in parallel prose), compare his judgments with those of contemporary and posterior critics, illustrating the overall reading of the text proposed by the dissertation
5
af, Trampe Fredrik. "Mozart eller Mando Diao : en studie av Svenska Dagbladets musikbevakning 1980-2010." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kommunikation, medier och it, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-10974.
Анотація:
Den här uppsatsen är en undersökning av Svenska Dagbladets musikbevakning under 30 år, från 1980 till 2010. I en inledande kvantitativ delstudie undersöktes Svenska Dagbladets innehåll två veckor vart tionde år för att få svar på frågor som hur mycket det skrivits om olika musikstilar genom åren och hur bevakningen utvecklats och förändrats. Erfarenheter från den kvantitativa delstudien låg sedan till grund för en uppföljande kvalitativ delstudie där musikjournalister med lång erfarenhet av att arbeta på tidningen intervjuades. Det samlade resultatet visar att musikbevakningen i Svenska Dagbladet förändrats från att tidigare främst ha fokuserat på den klassiska musiken, till att i allt större utsträckning handla om modern populärmusik. Detta kan förklaras av ett sämre ekonomiskt läge för Svenska Dagbladet, en pågående trend i tidningsvärlden att skriva alltmer om populärkultur, en generationsväxling bland skribenterna och ett uppluckrande av tidningens tidigare kulturella identitet.
6
Diao, Ziqiang [Verfasser]. "Cloud-based support for Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games / Ziqiang Diao." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/112872653X/34.
7
Bizais, Marie. "Pensée de la forme : forme de la pensée dans le Wenxin diaolong (esprit de littérature) du poéticien chinois Liu Xie (ca. 465-521)." Paris, INALCO, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INAL0015.
Анотація:
Cette étude du premier et unique traité sur la littérature de l'histoire de la Chine classique composé autour de 500 montre comment son auteur Liu Xie concevait ce que l'on désigne couramment comme genre, style et écriture d'auteur. Le chapitre 1 pose les fondements. Il revient sur la discussion de l'ordre des chapitres en reprenant la question à sa source, à partir des différentes éditions qui nous sont parvenues. Il dégage ainsi une architecture d'ensemble du livre. Dans cette structure, quatre chapitres traitent des questions de forme. Les deux premiers sont l'objet d'étude du chapitre 2: "Tixing" (Corps et nature) et "Fenggu" (Vent et ossature). Le corpus est introduit, traduit et annoté. Le commentaire qui suit porte sur les concepts-clés de ces textes. La prise en compte de la catachrèse et de la syllepse révèlent que le corps littéraraire est à la fois normatif et individuel, que l'ossature est une tension structurante et que le vent désigne un rythme qui communique l'émotion. Enfin, le chapitre 3 relie théorie et pratique. Il relie le genre décrit dans le chapitre "Songzan" (Eloge et Célébration) avec les composées par Liu Xie lui-même. Le chapitre est traduit, puis commenté. Les prescriptions de Liu Xie sont enfin considérées dans une confrontation avec les célébrations qui closent chacun des chapitres du traité. Cette étude ouvre donc la réflexion sur l'établissement d'un discours normatif ainsi que sur les questions théoriques concernant l'individualité d'une écriture qui continuent d'intéresser les spécialistes de la littératureThis very study of the first and only treatise on literature in Classical Chinese history composed around 500 shows how its author Liu Xie conceived what is usually called genre, style, and author's writing. Chapter one lays the foundation. It deals with the discussion on the overall architecture of the book by looking back on the different editions that were transmitted. It offers an interpretation of the architecture by discussing the order of the chapters which has been challenged in the past century. Within this structure, four chapters are related to the issue of form. Chapter two focuses on the first pair of these chapters, i. E. "Tixing" (Body and Nature) and "Fenggu" (Wind and Bone). This body of texts is these texts. A reflection on catachresis and syllepsis brings us to demnostrate that a literary body can be booth normed and individual, that the bone is a structuring tension, and the wind is a rhythm that carries emotions. Chapter three links theory and practice. It links the genre described in the chapter "Songzan" (Praise and Celebration) with the celebrations composed by Liu Xie himself. The chapter is first translated and studied. Liu Xie's prescriptions are compared with the characteristics of the celebrations that close each of the chapter of the treatise. This research thus reflects upon the establishment of a normative discourse and on theoretical issues involving an individualized writing which is still a field mediation for specialists of literature
8
Lai, Sing-chi, and 黎承志. "A contemporary psychological approach to analyzing Liu Xie's theory of writing in Wen-Xin Diao-Long." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31960248.
9
Lai, Sing-chi. "A contemporary psychological approach to analyzing Liu Xie's theory of writing in Wen-Xin Diao-Long Cong xian dai xie zuo xin li xue fen xi "Wen xin diao long" zhi xie zuo si wei guo cheng li lun /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31960248.
10
López, Huaman Hugo Daniel. "El marketing digital y el posicionamiento de la agencia de viajes Dika Travel de Miraflores en el año 2020." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/16576.
Анотація:
Determina la relación que existe entre el marketing
digital y el posicionamiento de la agencia de viajes Dika Travel Tour Operador en Miraflores
durante el año 2020. En el Perú, el marketing digital no está siendo correctamente aplicado por parte del
sector turismo, y en especial, de las agencias de viaje. La necesidad por obtener resultados a
corto plazo, la falta de conocimiento en el uso de la tecnología, la poca innovación e inversión
en el sector, está ocasionando que muchas agencias no puedan responder de manera rápida a
este entorno tan cambiante en el que vivimos, afectando mucho el posicionamiento y
supervivencia de este tipo de negocio en el largo plazo.
Si bien, el marketing tradicional les había ayudado mucho a seguir promocionando sus
negocios, ya sea con la impresión de flyers o visitas directas a clientes potenciales, con la
llegada de la pandemia y el posterior Estado de Emergencia Nacional decretado por el gobierno
peruano, todo cambió drásticamente, al punto que muchas agencias han quebrado por no saber
adaptarse a la nueva realidad tecnológica que estamos viviendo. La importancia de lo
anteriormente mencionado radica en saber cómo se debe alinear el sitio web de la empresa a
una estrategia de marketing digital para mejorar el posicionamiento de la marca, ayudando de
esta manera, a reducir la enorme brecha digital existente en el sector turismo.
11
Lin, Diao [Verfasser], Liqiu [Akademischer Betreuer] Meng, Liqiu [Gutachter] Meng, and Constantinos [Gutachter] Antoniou. "Modeling of Public Transit Accessibility Driven by Spatial Movement Data / Diao Lin ; Gutachter: Liqiu Meng, Constantinos Antoniou ; Betreuer: Liqiu Meng." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1217405992/34.
12
Neunert, Thomas. "Organisationskultur konfessioneller Krankenhäuser : Ausklang und Nachfolge christlicher Schwesternschaften in Führung, Politik und Dienst zwischen 1945 und 2000 : St. Theresienkrankenhaus Nürnberg und Diako Flensburg /." Stuttgart : Ibidem-Verl, 2009. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017725461&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
13
Neunert, Thomas. "Organisationskultur konfessioneller Krankenhäuser Ausklang und Nachfolge christlicher Schwesternschaften in Führung, Politik und Dienst zwischen 1945 und 2000 ; St. Theresienkrankenhaus Nürnberg und Diako Flensburg." Stuttgart Ibidem-Verl, 2008. http://d-nb.info/993287239/04.
14
Drivas, Ioannis, Julian Stüber, Jinto Das, and Shen Han. "The University Business Incubator : Exploring Digital Capabilities while using Information as an Asset." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap (DV), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-61952.
Анотація:
The University of this interest and its library division is involved in a major transformation process, aiming to enhance the learning experience for students by modernizing learning spaces, enhancing the personalized learning, and extending support for faculty and student scholarship. One part of the transformation consist of rearranging the library space and its services and introducing a new media based faculty consisting media related career paths. During the investigation and analysis of the library, we have looked into a wide range of data including history of the library, strategic plan of the university academic technology blueprint, academic plan, the media program, reports on workshops and meeting held by the authority of library, etc. provided by the university. In order to encapsulate more information and insight, we have conducted a couple of meetings with the head of the library and the head of library IT. By considering the stakeholders’ interests, we examine the status quo and illustrate the situation in form of a Rich Picture. By means of the Soft Systems Methodology we try to identify potential relationships between the new media faculty and the library services and eventually finalized our examination by recommending additional value enhancing services. After rigorous analyzing all of the data, specifically strategic mission of the university and library, and the media program, we recommend to establish a Business Incubator, which will enhance core capabilities of a student including creativity , managerial, and analytical ability as well as provide essential guidance, supports, and tools to students to implement their idea. The suggested Business Incubator will act as a bridge between academic learning and the real world applications. Finally, we recommend specific services including market research and assistance, access to networking and funding information, center for research and development, and Entrepreneurship and innovating education forum, which will enhance digital capabilities of students/participants and fulfill some of the core strategic objectives of the library and the university as well.This specific study is about a report in the Informatics course 5IK501 during the school year of 2016/2017.
15
Kratzer, Russell E. "Qingdao Nong Min Gong Lao Dong He Tong Fa Shi Shi Zhuang Kuang De Diao Yan: She Hui Bao Xian Wen Ti Tu Chu." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243614276.
16
Cheng, Hon-leung. "Narrative strategies in the first chapter of the legend of the Condor heroes "She diao ying xiong zhuan" shou hui xu shi ce lüe yan jiu /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43208642.
17
Ngan, Yuen-pik. "Putonghua as a medium of instruction in teaching Chinese language Ge an yan jiu : yi Putonghua jiao shou Zhongguo yu wen ke de shi kuang diao cha /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40040227.
18
Lam, Ho-kwong, and 林浩光. "Liu Xie's Wenxin Diaolong and Sikong Tu's Shipin : a comparative study in stylistics = Liu Xie "Wen xin diao long" yu Sikong Tu "Shi pin" feng ge xue bi jiao yan jiu." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/209585.
19
Lau, Man-kit Francis. "An analysis of the implementation of the putonghua curriculum (elective) for junior secondary level in Hong Kong Chu zhong pu tong hua xuan xiu ke ke cheng shi shi ga kuang diao cha /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31960297.
20
Wong, Kam-lai. "A study of primary teachers' opinions of the teachers' handbooks for Chinese language textbooks Xiao xue jiao shi dui "Zhongguo yu wen ke jiao shi yong shu" de yi jian diao cha yan jiu /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31960522.
21
Lam, Tung-fei, and 林同飛. "Strategies teachers used to adapt materials of second language Chinese in the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme : enacting international mindedness? = Guo ji wen ping yu ke ke cheng di er yu yan Han yu ke jiao shi diao shi jiao cai de ce lüe : shi jian guo ji yi shi?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/209525.
22
Li, Kangdi, and 李康迪. "An investigative analysis on Hong Kong international school students' willingness to communicate in Chinese : in a Hong Kong ESF international school = Xianggang guo ji xue xiao xue sheng Han yu jiao ji yi yuan diao cha yu fen xi : yi Xianggang mou Ying ji guo ji xue xiao wei li." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/209644.
Анотація:
本研究探究了香港某所國際學校中漢語作為第二語言學習者的中文交際意願。研究對象主要是香港某英基國際學校的170名漢語學習者；主要採用定量的研究方法，通過研究者的課堂觀課和學生的“自我報告”（Self-report）來搜集數據，通過五個量表（背景變量量表、心理變量量表和課堂內外漢語交際意願量表）來實現研究；研究的內容包括學生們課堂內、外漢語交際意願的總體水平以及可能存在的差異，並總結前人研究發現，在新的研究背景下對一些可能存在影響關係的背景變量（年齡、性別、漢語水平、學習漢語的社會支持、母語、性格、對待學習漢語的態度）和心理變量（學習漢語時的焦慮、動機、自我覺察的交際能力）進行數據分析并驗證假設，通過SPSS19.0來付諸實現；最終就如何提高學生的課堂內、外漢語交際意願提出教學建議。
本次研究的主要研究發現有：（1）該國際學校漢語學習者的總體漢語交際意願水平偏低，介於“較低交際意願”和“中度交際意願”之間，而且課內漢語交際意願略高於課外漢語交際意願。（2）總體來看，男生和女生之間不存在漢語交際意願上的顯著差異，但在課內，女生比男生更容易不懂就問、更關注語言知識的細節；男生比女生更願意作為發言代表來公開表達自己觀點；在課外，男生比女生更願意在校園裡與陌生人說漢語，更願意和朋友們或者陌生人上網用漢語交流。（3）預科項目（DP）和中學項目（MYP）的學生群體間不存在漢語交際意願的顯著差異。但在課堂上，DP學生比MYP的學生更願意進行公開性的漢語表達，更願意深入探討相關問題，更願意進行一些總結概括能力較強的發言。（4）DP年級學生的漢語水平和交際意願呈顯著正相關，即漢語水平高越高，課內、課外和總體的漢語交際意願越高,漢語水平越低，課內、課外和總體的漢語交際意願越低。（5）在用漢語進行“主動性發言”上的意願，漢語水平高的群體明顯高於漢語水平低的群體，說明高水平漢語學習者更願意掌握交際的主動權。（6）學習漢語社會支持較多的群體表現出明顯更高的漢語交際意願，呈顯著正相關。（7）以廣東話作為母語的學生比以英語作為母語的學生具有更高的漢語交際意願，這種差異性在課堂外比課堂內體現得更為明顯。（8）性格較外向的學生比性格較內向的學生具有更高的課內漢語交際意願。（9）喜歡學漢語的學生比不喜歡學漢語的學生具有更高的課內、課外和總體漢語交際意願。（10）總體來看，學生學習漢語的動機和自我覺察的漢語交際能力都偏高，且兩者與課內、課外和總體漢語交際意願均呈十分顯著正相關，其中動機與課外方面相關性略大，而自我覺察的交際能力與課內方面相關性略大。學生的總體焦慮水平偏低，與課內、課外和總體交際意願均呈十分顯著負相關，與課內方面相關性略大課外方面。無論是課內還是課外漢語交際意願，“自我覺察的交際能力”對漢語交際意願來說是預測性最強的心理變量。
This research investigated Chinese as second language (CSL) learner’s willingness to communicate (WTC) both inside and outside classroom in one of international schools, Hong Kong. The research objects are 170 Chinese Language B learners from an English School Foundation (ESF) international school. The main methodology adopted here was quantitative method. Classroom observations by researcher and self-reports by students were firstly done to collect background data, and then five scales were employed to do the main investigation, including a WTC Inside–the-classroom Scales (WTCIS), a WTC Outside-the-classroom Scale (WTCOS), a Language Anxiety Scale (LAS), a Motivation Scale (MS) and a Self-perceived Communicative Competence Scale (SCCS). The research objectives were to explore the general situation of CSL learners’ WTC, and the specific characteristics as well as possible differences of their WTC inside and outside the classroom; then to further examine the possible affecting variables from both background and psychological perspectives including gender, age, Chinese language proficiency, mother tongue, social support, personality and attitudes towards learning Chinese, which were regarded as background variables, and language anxiety, motivation and self-perceived communicative competence, which were regarded as psychological variables. After that, data was processed and analyzed by SPSS 19.0 for hypothesis verification. Finally, pedagogical implications on how to improve CSL learners’ WTC both inside and outside classroom were generalized from the study.
The major findings showed that: (1) the general WTC of CSL learners from this school were slightly on the low side, between the Lower and Middle level, and the WTC inside the classroom was comparatively higher than outside of classroom. (2) On overall WTC, there was no significant difference between male and female students. But inside the classroom, girls were more likely to ask questions and pay more attention on language details than boys, while boy were more active to be the presenters and voice out in public. Outside the classroom, boys were more willing to communicate with strangers or chat online with friends in Chinese. (3) No significant WTC difference was found between Diploma Program (DP) and Middle Years Program (MYP), but DP CSL learners showed more willingness to make public speech, to be more of an inquirer in problems, and to do more generalization in speaking. (4) Among DP group, significant positive correlation was found between language proficiency and WTC, suggesting that the more proficient CSL learners showed higher WTC, and vice versa. (5) The more proficient group were more willing to speak Chinese voluntarily than the less proficient ones, implying that the more competent language learners are more likely to the take the initiative in communication. (6) CSL learners with more social supports to learn Chinese showed higher WTC, and a significant positive correlation was found here. (7) Students with Cantonese as mother tongue had higher WTC than their English as mothertougue counterparts, and this difference was more obviously outside of classroom. (8) Extroverted students showed significantly higher WTC inside of the classroom than the introverted. (9) Students who liked learning Chinese demonstrated higher WTC than those who didn’t. (10) Students’ motivation to learn Chinese and their SPCC were both on the high side, and both correlated positively on WTC, with motivation correlated more closely on outside WTC while SPCC more on inside WTC. Students showed slight lower anxiety level in speaking Chinese. Anxiety had significant negative correlation with WTC, and it mattered more inside than outside of classroom. No matter for WTC inside or outside, SPCC was the most predictive variable among the three.published_or_final_version
Education
Master
Master of Education
23
Chen, Tung-chu, and 陳彤曲. "Semantic Change and Grammaticalization of Diao." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46004720463139754480.
Анотація:
博士國立臺灣師範大學
英語學系
102
This dissertation explores the semantic change of diao in a diachronic perspective. Diao 1 in Archaic Chinese points to a central idea ‘to move up and down/back and forth.’ Diao 2 in diao yang means ‘to keep the strap upright’ while diao 3 means ‘to mobilize.’ In Middle Chinese, diao 4 ‘to turn’ derives from ‘the oscillation of a tail fin.’ Diao 5 ‘to control’ benefits from a conventional metaphor, wei da bu diao ‘hard to control.’ Diao 6 ‘to paddle/drive’ benefits not only from the central idea ‘to sway an entity’ applied to ‘to paddle a boat,’ but also from diao yang, which evolves into ‘to drive’ via the metonymy, PART FOR WHOLE. Diao 7 ‘to hang’ benefits from Pu Guo’s annotation of diao as ‘to hang.’ Diao 8 ‘to drop’ and diao 9 ‘to leave/miss/lose’ are suggested to come from Pu Guo’s another annotation of diao in diao xi jian as ‘to throw’ and from nearly-synonymous compounds associated with diao ‘to throw.’ During Sothern Song Dynasty, diao 8 ‘to drop’ takes shape by extracting the reading ‘to drop’ from a group of synonymous compounds. The same applies to diao 9 ‘to leave/miss/lose’ and a grammatical diao in V-diao. We hold that diao 8, diao 9, and the grammatical diao are in a relation of companions at a synchronic state, not a relation of derivation. Grammaticalization path of diao is analyzed on the basis of Heine’s (2002) four-stage scenario and a general process, ‘to throw,’ ‘to abandon’ > COMPLETIVE. We suggest that the semantic source, a continuum of senses ‘to throw/abandon/drop/remove/release/leave,’ gives rise to a grammatical diao. Diao ‘to throw’ from the Jin Dynasty, strengthened by the preceding verbs within nearly-synonymous compounds, forms a continuum of senses, which makes a contribution to the expansion of the senses of semantic source. Before and during Southern Song Dynasty, when a nearly-synonymous compound is formed, it tends to a construction that places diao in the second position, which weakens diao’s semantic indication and leads to a new interpretation of a resultative verb compounds (RVC) of V-diao in terms of reanalysis. We term diao at this stage as a resultative/completive use in an RVC to characterize that it is a lexical verb but signals some result and the completion of an action. We term diao during the Qing Dynasty as a resultative marker because the potential form occurs. Diao in RVCs in contemporary Chinese is viewed as a phase marker since a potential form of V-bu-diao construction in Sinica Corpus accounts for 29.3% out of 317 diao entries while that during the Qing Dynasty accounts for only 5.3%. Based on the principle of persistence (Hopper 1991, 1996), some traits of the lexical diao meaning a continuum of senses have persisted since the Southern Song Dynasty. Diao tends to collocate with preceding verbs with a hue of the senses in the continuum comprising ‘to throw/abandon/drop/remove/release/leave,’ and the result is inexhaustible V-diao compounds. Some traits of diao in V-diao persist from the Yuan, Min, Qing. Diao in V-diao implies an entity from existence to non-existence and also denotes the completion of an action. In the Ming, diao purely pointing to the completion of a concrete physical action occurs. In the Qing, diao purely denoting the completion of an abstract idea occurs. In contemporary Chinese, a new denotation of diao in V-diao emerges, referring to change of state. Some V-diao entries convey a negative connotation, which is attributable to the continuum of senses, as well. Some V-diaos, ji diao ‘to remember’ and de diao ‘to obtain’ are diametrically opposed to the implication of an entity from existence to non-existence. Some senses along the continuum have a hint of negative features. Old implication and new denotation of diao have coexisted side by side since the Yuan Dynasty.
24
Li, Jau Huei, and 李昭慧. "The study of Diao Bao's Yi-Zhuo." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/848ny2.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
中國文學系研究所
101
The study of Yi-jing in Early Qing dynasty of the modern research is one relevant academic subject in great demand. Scholars have pointed out that this study, regardless of the official political stance or civil academic development, has a multi-advertised Cheng-Zhu Confucians﹙程朱理學﹚as the mainstream thinking. As a consequence of the abrupt dynastic changed from Chinese to Manchu,Confucians review the late Ming rusty style of study by harshly critical, and believes regime changed impute to the sink study style of late period Wang Xue﹙王學末流﹚. Hence, it’s trade to get rid of morality only but no practice. Shift it to Neo’s extension of knowledge and diligent study style. During early Qing period, there was a significant rise of scholars. This thesis takes one of the two most influential scholars of the time: Diao Bao﹙1603-1669), as the research subject. Diao Bao was a Donglin scholar﹙東林學者﹚and he was also known as the “Southern Liang Northern Qi”﹙南梁—高世泰,1604-1677;北祁—刁包,1603-1669) ; His greatest achievement was summarizing his “I Ching” research into 14 volumes - the Yi- Zhuo (易酌) . This thesis will discuss Diao’s biography, history background,the architecture of Yi- Zhuo , his styles and methods, the moral principles of foundation, and his academic contributions. Furthermore, this thesis will include a western Sinology of Yi-jing ; more specifically the Yi-Zhuo collection in the University of California Irvine and the study of an American scholar named Richard J. Smith. Smith,on his book Fathoming the Cosmos and Ordering the World : The Yijing and Its Evolution in China , studies Yi-jing and Diao Bao; delivering a different cultural perspective and a brand-new opportunity to evaluate the late Ming scholar Diao Bao and his book Yi-Zhuo.
25
Cheng, Hui-wen, and 鄭惠文. "The Syntax and Semantics of Post-verbal Diao." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17125480651651880392.
Анотація:
碩士國立政治大學
語言研究所
92
There are two main questions about post-verbal diao we dealt with in the present study: one is its meanings, and the other is its syntactic status. We argue that when diao acts as a resultative complement, it means ‘to be removed in a downward direction’, when it acts as a phase marker, it means ‘to be removed’, and when it acts as an aspect marker, it bears a grammatical meaning indicating inchoative. Post-verbal diao usually co-occurs with transitive and unaccusative verbs to form compounds. When diao goes with State, Semelfactive and Achievement verbs, the V-diao compounds will be Achievements, when diao goes with Activity and Accomplishment verbs, the V-diao compounds will be Accomplishments. In most cases, the argument structure of a V-diao compound is a composition of the argument structure of the preceding verb and that of diao. However, diao will suppress the Goal argument when co-occurring with three-place transactional verbs; it will create an argument for the V-diao compound when the argument of the preceding verb and that of diao are incompatible; it will suppress an argument of the preceding verb and create a new one for the V-diao compound when occurring with verbs which have an incremental theme. Grammaticalization is taken to account for the polysemy and the multiple syntactic status of post-verbal diao. Because except specialization, diao follows all of the principles (i.e. Layering, Divergence, Persistence, and De-categorialization) proposed by Hopper (1991), we suggest it is in the process of grammaticalization.
26
Chen, Pei-I., and 陳佩怡. "The Study of Yan Haideng’s Work: “Jin Diao”." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gv6k6u.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺南藝術大學
民族音樂學研究所
101
“Jin Diao”, published in 1960 by Yen Hai-Deng, stands as a significant example of modern Sheng music. Nowadays, it is one of the works receiving performances the most often because it is in great diversity of content. Most importantly, this work has advanced the performance techniques and expanded the possibility of the expression of Shang music. Through this work, the composer gave not only the brand new texture of Sheng music but also built novel esthetic. Before “Jin Diao” was premiered, Sheng could be functioned as playing harmony and polyphony in the melody. Yen Hai-Deng further incorporated polyphony into Sheng music. “Jin Diao” is refreshing in this day by first exploiting the skill of “Li Ying” and being performed with both hands, which broadened the technical sophistication to a great level and moved Shang music into a new era. The study is to explore how Yen Hai-Deng developed the performance skills as well as musical architecture and how he contributed to the innovation of Sheng music. His creativity brings about a magnificent influence, not only breaking Sheng’s typical image, but also proving that Sheng instrument could be a main character on stage. Yen Hai-Deng established the unique charm of Sheng music.
27
WENG, CHUANG-HUA, and 翁瓊華. "The study of Fifth Year Diao Sheng Gui." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89673183546260726516.
Анотація:
碩士國立屏東大學
中國語文學系碩士班
103
The research of object is “Fifth Year Diao Sheng Gui “ which is manufactured in the Western Zhou Dynasty according to the literature. It is discussed with dispute of land in the bronze inscriptions. After collecting , rewriting , and referring all the literature the description of “Fifth Year Diao Sheng Gui “ shape and related research literature will be explored and discussed three words “SU(誎)“, “XUN(訊)“, “ZE“ by scholars. Then trying to explore the changing processes of three words and to explain the meaning of the bronze inscriptions is the second objective in this research. Another important objective is to learn the patriarch system in the Western Zhou Dynasty.
28
Ju, Cherng-Yeu, and 朱承宇. "The Study of Diao-Yu Tai Islands' Problems." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28071055554119523579.
29
CIOU, YU-FANG, and 邱玉芳. "Study of Inscription of Fifth Year Diao Sheng Zun." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/785em5.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺中教育大學
語文教育學系碩博士班
105
In 2006, a collection of bronze vessels was unearthed from Fufeng County of Shaanxi Province, in which two bronze wine vessels with similar pattern and design, the “Fifth Year Diao Sheng Zun”, showed related inscription to the ancient utensils, the “Fifth Year Diao Sheng Gui” and the “Sixth Year Diao Sheng Gui”, that attracted many scholars’ attention. Inscriptions on the three bronzes of Diao Sheng described an event of dealing with servants and land by the Zhao family and the “Fifth Year Diao Sheng Zun”, in timely sequence, was the second vessel of the series. The research used the inscription on the “Fifth Year Diao Sheng Zun” as studying object to contrast with the ancient utensils, the “Fifth Year Diao Sheng Gui” and the “Sixth Year Diao Sheng Gui”, by organizing previous relevant study results and theories on the three bronzes of Diao Sheng. Moreover, six ambiguous characters of the inscription were investigated, including “Hsi”, “Hsun”, “Jao”, “Wen”, “Hu” and “T’ung”, which could then be used within the context to analyze and understand the content of inscription in order to investigate its characteristics and partial conditions of a conservative society at the end of Western Zhou Dynasty.
30
HUANG, YU-JU, and 黃育如. "Study of Inscription of Sixth Year Diao Sheng Gui." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52w7p8.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺中教育大學
語文教育學系碩博士班
105
The primary object of research was the “Sixth Year Diao Sheng Gui (Vessel)” with an objective of organizing and summarizing literatures to explain its inscription. According to literatures, the “Sixth Year Diao Sheng Gui (Vessel)” was an ancient utensil dated back to the late Western Zhou Dynasty. The inscription on the body primarily described an event of whittling away at servants and land during the Western Zhou Dynasty. The study first described the shape of Sixth Year Diao Sheng Gui and organized various relevant literatures. During comparison of words of inscription, ambiguous characters were identified, including: “Fang”, “Jou”, and “Yi”. Lastly, the characters were placed in the context of inscription to fully understand the meaning. Interpretation of inscription characters could affect scholar’s understanding of the content on the Sixth Year Diao Sheng Gui. The result of comprehensive analysis of literatures showed the inscription of Sixth Year Diao Sheng Gui (Vessel) describing a settlement of lawsuit due to “whittling away at servants and land” for land distribution. The vessel, along with the Fifth Year Diao Sheng Gui and the Fifth Year Diao Sheng Zun, was collectively called the “Three Bronzes of Diao Sheng”, representing important utensils for studying the patriarch system and the ancient Chinese land system.
31
LIN, MING-SHENG, and 林明生. "The Study of Zong-jing in Wen-xin Diao Lung." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32928275133010087609.
Анотація:
碩士玄奘大學
中國語文學系碩博士班
95
Wen-Xin Diao Lung is one of the greatest classical Chinese masterpieces. It is known as an objective, intact and systematic literacy criticism on classical Chinese literature in terms of theoretical foundation, the change of literacy genre, methods on innovation and criticism, etc. This masterpiece consists of four main parts dividing into 50 chapters, with consistent and coherent viewpoints from the first chapter to the last. It has great influence on literacy creation and criticism in the course of Chinese literacy development. The basic theory of the Introduction section of this thesis is based on the following criteria: investigating the sources of Tao, examining the interpretations of Tao given by the sages, obeying the regulations of sages’ writings, distinguishing and telling the right interpretations from the wrong ones. The source of Tao investigated herein is the Confucian Tao, being obtained naturally. The sages recognized were those ancient Confucian sages devoted to the interpretation of Confucian Tao, whose writings were adopted here as a guideline to distinguish the authentic from the unauthentic. Finally, the writer integrated all the ideas and theories offered by ancient sages into one and expressed in his own words. The writings done by the ancient Chinese sages represent ever-present principles and undeniable influences. The styles of their writings, the Five Classics, provide a wide variety of topics and models for intended writers to follow. Their beautiful language revealing human emotions and feelings has influenced the wording and creation of literacy works ever since. The theoretical foundation of this thesis is based on the sages’ writings of Wen-Xin Diao Lung. It begins with an introduction to Wen-Xin Diao Lung, the discussion of its denotation, progress and the main position of sages’ writings in Wen-Xin Diao Lung. The main principles of the Five Classics and its effects on literacy genres and the creation of literacy works thereon will be stated. Based on the intense debate and interpretation, it is hoped that this thesis will contribute to the academic study of Wen-Xin Diao Lung and its everlasting popularity. Key words: Obeying the Regulation of Sages’ Writings; Theory on Genres, Theory on Innovation, Criticism Theory; Main Principles; Integration of Sages’ Wisdom; Self-created Wordings and Expressions.
32
Yang, Feng-Xi, and 楊豐禧. "The Study of Zhi-Yin in Wen-Xin Diao Lung." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7etwfz.
Анотація:
碩士南華大學
文學系
104
Wen-Xin Diao Lung is a " large body considered Week " can be divided into " text of the original theory , " four interrelated " On Style "," text on surgery , "" editorial " but can be used alone argument relating to the object of study in this paper "Zhi-Yin" , which belongs to " editorial " part. Way of writing of this article is: to explore the second chapter " Salon" discussion of contextual factors , divided into the establishment of the concept of literature , three stolen No trend figures , text commentary formation theory ; the third chapter described " Salon" Hard to Find reasons, into your old cheap today , Chong had suppressed people , pseudo- fans really believe , and know more Wenqing difficult Kam preference four ; the fourth chapter of Liu Xie ' Salon difficulty " solution, that is," will read Wenqing , marked the first Six observation point " into ligands , set speech, through change , is surprising , things justice , miyasho three sections. The final conclusion , Speaking addition to analyzing the article, the author Liu Xie soul emotional attention that only companion , you can see the author and literary works presented in special.
33
HSU, SHU-PING, and 許淑萍. "Wen Xin Diao Long: The Study of The Writing System." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u58hpu.
Анотація:
碩士南華大學
文學系
107
The purpose of the study is to construct the author's creation system of Wen Xin Diao Long with 50 chapters of Wen Xin Diao Long as the research object. The study is explored in terms of the three aspects－the principle of the literary theory, the creation method and the expectation effect. In the first aspect, the principle of literary theory advocates that the value of the creation system is "Tao". It can be seen that Liu Wei believes that the literary content of positive emotions and positive thinking is beneficial to the national economy and the people's livelihood. Besides, the original text with Tao and the "Tao" existing in the value of the text should follow the principle of natural occurrence－Tao should precede rhetoric. As to the aspect of creation method, it constructs the influences that caused by the author's talents, temperament, acquirements, and personality, which makes it possible to create an ideal author. Moreover, the creation method should be led by the united content cooperating with the use of the forms and composed of "the corresponding principle" and "the updating principle", which makes the literary works compose of both the contents and the forms and makes the creation method systematic. Finally, it comes to the aspect of the expectation method, which once again specifies the requirements of the content as well as the forms and constructs the creation system based on "Ching" and "Tsai".
34
Dikio, Ezekiel Dixon. "Extraction, isolation and physicochemical studies of natural pheophytin complexes / Ezekiel Dixon Dikio." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/11304.
Анотація:
A simple, rapid and efficient method for the extraction and purification of chlorophyll-a from plant sources has been developed.
And with it, a new method for the ·extraction of chlorophyll in winter, which has been previously problematic, has been developed. The methods are summarized in flow diagrams showing the elimination of carotene and xanthophylls.
The chlorophyll-a isolated has been demetallated to obtain pheophytin-a that in tum has been complexed with cobalt(II), copper(II), zinc, nickel(II) and chromium(Ill) ions. The resulting metal pheophytin complexes, chlorophyll-a and pheophytin-a have been fully characterized by ultraviolet-visible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies, electrospray ion mass spectrometry and elemental analysis.
For the first time, the kinetics of the oxidation of cobalt(II) pheophytin-a by chromium(III) has been followed spectrophotometrically at temperatures ranging from 313 to 333 K.
The reaction has been found to be first order in the concentration of the hexaaquachromium(III) cation. The oxidation-reduction mechanism proposed for the reaction is an outer-sphere electron tunnelling mechanism.
The ease of demetallation and complexation of chlorophyll-a has highlighted the problem caused by acidity and the presence of these metal ions in soils, on the chlorophyll content of leaves.Thesis (D.Phil) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2005
35
Diako, Bongani H. "Readiness for banking technologies by senior citizen banking clients / Bongani H Diako." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15773.
Анотація:
The objective of this study was to determine the technological readiness of senior citizen
bank customers and their banking technology adoption behaviours. In particular, the
purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between technology readiness and
age seniority as a moderator. A quantitative research methodology was adopted for this
exploratory research study, where a survey was administered with a population of 70
senior citizen bank customers residing in old age centres in Gauteng and North-West
provinces. A small proportion of the study's respondents comprised or senior citizen bank
customers resident in private homes in Mafikeng, North West. The findings of the study
revealed that senior citizen bank customers of the South African banks who have access to
technology based banking services and products are ready for banking technologies. The
study also revealed that senior citizen bank customers currently only have access to, and
use of, basic banking technology services and products that include a bank account,
landline telephone banking and ATMs. ln addition, the study found that senior citizen bank
customers of the South African Banks that have access to technology based banking
services and products have higher desirability to learn more about technology banking
products and services, are concerned about the safety of banking technologies which affect
their level of trust on them. Further, the study found that this segment of bank customers
does not have adequate access to information on new banking technology innovations that
is tailored to their unique traits prompting a need for the marketing efforts of the banks to
target segment of bank clients with customised marketing strategies.Thesis (MBA) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2011
36
Peng, Chih-Ping, and 彭志平. "The Income redistribution Effects of Personal Income Tax and Dibao in Mainland China." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rsm6pf.
Анотація:
博士國立政治大學
國家發展研究所
107
Mainland China started “the reform and open-up policy” in 1979. although the GDP growth rapidly increased since then, however the Gini coefficient maintains at high position/high rate. The government of Mainland China tried to use personal income tax(PIT) and Dibao system /the system of subsistence allowances/,（最低生活保障制度）to reduce the Gini coefficient. However this dissertation shows that the effects of both were very weak, the income redistribution became even worse. This dissertation also shows that the policy design of PIT and Dibao constrained the effects of income redistribution. Furthermore, several policies, such as urban-rural development policy, industrial policy and other related policies expanded disparity of Mainland China, these reasons also constrained the effects of income redistribution of PIT and Dibao. In other words, the institutional problems limited the rational choice of Mainland China government.
37
Tuan-Yang, Huang, and 黃端陽. "The Study of Fan Wen-Len's Wen Xin Diao Long Zhu." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6ppmz3.
38
Lan, Shing-Yi, and 藍馨怡. "The Stories, Myths, and Legends – Narrative of life of Diao Chan." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22819936717609355380.
Анотація:
碩士國立中興大學
歷史學系所
105
When talking about the story of the Three Kingdoms, though most of the cases are using male heroes as the narrative subject, in this research, the author chose a less attention female character by historians, Diao Chan, as the topic and tried to figure out the her image in the story with the descriptions of history, operas, novels, chapter books, folklores, etc. Furthermore, Diao Chan’s image has been remodeled and evolved more vivid via the Internet and electronic media. This thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter, the introduction, includes not only the insight and purpose of the research, but also arranges relative papers within the last decade. The second chapter is going to tracing the original image of Diao Chan in historical biography. Then by comparing the story of the Four Beauties, the position of female characters in history would be discussed in the third chapter. Also, the image differences between Yuan and Ming operas can reflect folk feeling of Diao Chan. The next chapter, through the artistic point of view, including varieties of new forms of audio and video performance, but still within the text of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, more issues would be discussed. Finally, the last chapter would give the conclusions of this research.
39
Hsu, Huiying, and 許惠英. "Study of the creation theory rhetorical skills of "Wen Xin Diao Long"." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zkz5ht.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺中教育大學
語文教育學系碩博士班
101
Abstract Rhetoric in the teaching of the Chinese language is an important learning content. The use of rhetoric to improve writing ability and skills, written by Liu Xie Wen Xin Diao Long "explains how literary creation
40
DIAO, PENG, and 刁鵬. "Fighter” and “Wine Cellar No.8”- Diao Peng’s Musical Concept and Annotation." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/kvc7ps.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣藝術大學
中國音樂學系
107
Diao Peng is one of the emerging composers, and whose works include instrumental solo, ensemble, orchestra and soundtracks. Through discuss his works Rise Up (2017version for di duet and band) and Wine Cellar No.8 (2018 versions for Hsiao and piano, for Hsiao and band) , this paper aims to probe into how Diao Peng presented his thoughts through the vocabulary of oriental music with unique composing methods to construct his own style and make his work persuasive and acceptable. Because Diao Peng, the composer also the performer, often joined crossover music performances, including diverse instrumental mashups and collaborative, and on musical essences from Taiwan also East Asia. Therefore, started from the objective analyses on composing methods and musical structures, the paper probed into the presentations of his works concerning acoustic effects and thoughts under different instrumental arrangement and discussed his aesthetic though and musical concept on the ground of interviews with debut performers to review and introspect, and further clarify the connections between his inspirations and emotions to examine his musical expression and practices. Through the mentioned processes, the paper is expected to be a stepping stone toward a deeper understanding of Diao Peng’s compositions.
41
Kuo, ya-fang, and 郭雅芳. "A Study of the Seventeen Selected Pieces From "Ying Chou Gu Diao"." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b9cm87.
Анотація:
碩士中國文化大學
音樂研究所
92
Ying Chou was the ancient name for Chong Ming Island (now a part of Shanghai City). Ying Chou Gu Diao is a pipa music score composed by pipa sect of Chong Ming Island (also known as Chong Ming sect). It was compiled in 1916 by Shen, Chao-chou, and it collected musical compositions passed down by the elder generation of Chong Ming sect, thus were called “ancient tunes”. The seventeen selected pieces from Ying Chou Gu Diao in this study are required tunes for pipa players nowadays, and some are frequently heard in exams, competitions, recordings, or concerts. As see, Ying Chou Gu Diao is valuable to pipa players. This study probed into Ying Chou Gu Diao, including the origin of its sect, version of the music score, analysis of the musical composition, and performing techniques, and provided interpretation on performing the seventeen selected pieces. This paper is comprised of seven chapters. Chapter 1 is Introduction. Chapter 2 introduces Pipa sect — Chong Ming sect. Chapter 3 introduces the music score of Ying Chou Gu Diao. Chapter 4, 5, and 6 compare the lento, allegro, and adagio versions of the selected pieces, and analyze the musical composition and performing techniques. Chapter 7 is Conclusion. This paper begins with introduction on the origin of Pipa sect (Chapter 1), followed by discussion on the background of Chong Ming sect, the successors of the sect, the performing style, and special fingering (Chapter 3). The next chapter discusses the phenomenon that every time Ying Chou Gu Diao was reproduced by the weighty personage in Chong Ming sect, the fingering showed a few changes (Chapter 3). Then the changes in fingering of sixteen lento and allegro pieces selected from Mei-an Pipa Score (the alias for Ying Chou Gu Diao after the second reprint) and Liu De-hai Performing Score (excerpted from eight lento and eight allegro pieces from Ying Chou Gu Diao of Liu De-hai Traditional Pipa Scores) are compared, and the musical composition and performing technique are discussed (Chapter 4 and 5). Lastly, adagio piece (Han Gong Chiu Yueh) in Mei-an Pipa Score is compared and analyzed with Cao An-he Score on fingering and musical composition (Chapter 6).
42
Chen, Hsiu-Mei, and 陳秀美. "A Study of “Wen-ti-tong-pien-guan” of Wen-shin-diao-lung." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72527197878107731363.
Анотація:
博士淡江大學
中國文學系博士班
100
This dissertation aims to offer “Wen-ti-tong-pien-guan” as the basic assumption for unveiling Wen-shin-diao-lung. By the “grand vision” of “Wen-ti-tong-pien-guan,” the author hopes to provide for the scholarly research on Wen-shin-diao-lung a new vision and method for reflection, with the aim of finding a “new direction” for Liu-hsieh’s theoretical system. The dissertation is divided into seven chapters. First of all, Chapter One, Introduction, includes definitions of key terms, enunciation and assertion of researching questions, utilization of researching materials and researching methods, and chapters’ arrangement and argumentation steps. All these are important criteria from which the main arguments of this dissertation evolve. Then, as far as “the research of basic ideas” is concerned, the author tries to redefine the dialectics between the subject and the object of “tong-pien” and demonstrate the dimensions by which “tong-pien” evolves into the philosophical foundation and criteria of theoretical structures of Liu-hsieh’s literary ideas. Moreover, as far as “the research of theoretical contents” is concerned, the author tries to demonstrate that “tong-pien-guan” is the pivotal idea running through and connecting Wen-shin-diao-lung by exploring the “tong-pien” of the elements comprising the literary style, the origins, the creation, and the critical criteria. By these, this dissertation aims to make practical argumentations that holistically cover Liu-hsieh’s literary theories.
43
Yu-PingLien and 連鈺屏. "The research about “talent”and “style”of Wen Xin Diao Long,Ti Xing." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/p2tpzw.
Анотація:
碩士國立成功大學
中國文學系
103
The reseach about “talent” and “style” of Wen Xin Diao Long, Ti Xing Yu-Ping Lien Chang-Min Chen Chinese Literature Department Summary The key point of “ Wen Xin Diao Long, Chapter of Ti Xing” is that “the body” of articles depend on the personality of their writers. The body means the “style” of articles. Liu Xie said that the processes of creation is the reason why different articles have different styles. The core of Liu Xie’s literature style theory is the writer’s personality. Compared with the literature theory in Western culture system, Buffon created theory “the style of literature is the writer himself” in 18th century. Liu Xie’s theory is 1200 years earlier than Buffon’s. Key Word: Tsi Xing theory, Ti Xing, Literature style theory, Wen Xin Diao Long Introduction The theoretical basis of ‘Chapter of Ti Xing’ was according to the development of “Tsi Xing theory” and the main value of the society in Han dynasty. Liu Xie said “the body of article” depends on “writer’s personality”. “Personality” constituted by the four elements “talent”, ” character”, ”learning” and “custom”. “Talent” and ”character” are natural. ”Learning” and “custom” are nurture. The concept of the natural part of writers is derived from the background of “chi hua” universe theory in Han dynasty and the development of “Tsi Xing” theory. Its characteristic is that the nature part can not be transformed or changed because the “chi” is a part of destiny and the “chi” can be divided by thick and clearness. As a result “talent” and “character” are individualized. As the effort and environment can not change the nature, the main purpose of “learning” and “custom” is to develop talent. The direction of the effort should also be the same with the potential talent. The “personality” of a writer consist of “talent”, “character”, “learning”, and “custom”, and it appear as the style at articles. Moreover, each of “talent”, “character”, “learning”, and “custom” can decide the style of article in different way. Liu Xie take 12 famous people as example to prove that “the style of articles depend on the writers’ personality”, including: Chia Yi, Si Ma Sheng Lu, Yang Shung, Liu Sheng, Bang Gu, Chung Heng, Wang Xien, Liu Jen, Ren Gi, Gi Kang, Pang Yuei, Lu Chi. The “personality” is different from people’s natural “talent” and “character”, and acquired “learning” and “custom”. That is why the style of literature is varied in a wide range. In the end, the literature world appears as a diversified situation. Under the premise that literature styles varied in a wide range, Liu Xie indicated that there are 8 basic type literature styles, including “Classical”, “Profound”, ” Simple”, ”Clear”, “Gorgeous”, “Magnificent”, “Novel”, “Vanity”. Limited by the era atmosphere, Liu Xie give these 8 style types with different judgement. However, these 8 style types depend on the personality of the writers. In the other words, 8 style types also consist of “talent”, “character”, “learning”, and “custom”. It can be said that the literature style theory shows by ‘chapter of Ti Xing’ is constructed on the “Tsi Xing theory”, so people usually put comments on the theory of “Tsi Xing “ which appeared in Liu Xie’s ‘chapter of Ti Xing’. However, impeded by the length of thesis, it can not be discussed deeply. Another research focus on the proof of the 12 writers. The other content of 8 style types. It is lack of comprehensive research on the “Tsi Xing theory” in ‘chapter of Ti Xing’. Therefore, this research will discuss about this point. Conclusion ‘Chapter of Ti Xing’ is not only the first literature style theory which fully take the writer’s personality as the key point in the classical literature theory, but also the first theory,which discuss of the element of “personality”. It consist by “talent”, “character”, “learning”, and “custom”. Liu Xie’s theory also break through another concept at that time, writer’s nature is the most important element. Liu Xie is aware of the optimistic meaning of “learning”, and “custom” and fill the vacancy of the concept “the literature style of an article depends on its writer” ,which proposed by ancient people. Therefore, Liu Xie’s theory becomes the valuable model of the following literature theory.
44
Chen, Yao-Yu, and 陳堯俞. "The Semantics and Functions of “V-diao” Construction in Taiwan Mandarin: A Cognitive Perspective." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22m2qj.
Анотація:
碩士國立清華大學
中國語文學系所
106
The study mainly discusses the meaning and function of Taiwanese Mandarin V-diao from a cognitive linguistic perspective. When diao (originally meaning “to drop”) is used as a post-verbal particle, its meaning is extended beyond the original meaning via mechanisms like metaphor and metonymy. We argue that the meanings of V-diao constructions fall into three categories: “separation”,“disappearance”, and “realization of states”. For example, tuo diao (“to take off”) can enter the category of “separation”, and zou diao (“to walk away”) can enter the category of “disappear-ance”, whereas guan diao (“to turn off”) can enter the category of “realization of states”. However, we believe that the three categories are not mutually exclusive to each other, since there are some other verbs that can be classified as belonging to two categories: bing diao (“to merge”), za diao (“to smash”), and ronghua diao (“to become melted”). Therefore, we think that the meaning of diao has several relevant and occasional overlapping possibilities, and we adopt Prototype Theory in cognitive linguistics to explain the situation of semantic classification. There are two types of language data used in this research: the Chinese Gigaword corpus (with news from Central News Agency) and the PTT Corpus (with the colloquial data from daily life). According to the increase of frequency in using V-diao, we find that there are some emerging usages of V-diao showing up, such as tanhua diao (“to carbonize”), bianyuan diao (“to be isolated/marginalized”), jingshen diao (“to be ignored”). As long as the verbal meaning is compatible with the semantics of diao, it can enter the V-diao construction. Thus, we believe diao is in the process of grammaticalization. In some sentence patterns, V-diao constructions take atypical objects to express the semantics of the sentence in the way of metonymy. It shows the syntactic particularity of V-diao. We think the teaching of V-diao should be divided into two levels: formal written materials and informal written materials. In the end, we examine the distribution of V-diao in textbooks for teaching Chinese as a second language, and based on the re-sults, we provide suitable pedagogical suggestions and the appropriate order of teaching.
45
Ramabitsa, Diao Leeu. "Evaluating the levels of service delivery in the Matjabeng Local Municipality / Diao Leeu Ramabitsa." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15518.
Анотація:
Despite the relative successes of the post-apartheid South African Government,
government’s failure to adequately deliver basic services has led to recent national
public unrest over the problem of poor service delivery. The aim of this study was to
investigate satisfaction level pertaining the service delivery in Matjhabeng Local
Municipality. Municipalities are mandated by the Constitution to provide basic
services to its community such as potable water supply, electricity, refuse collection
roads and sanitation. The analysis is mainly on the basis of service delivery
experienced in different areas such as formal and informal townships, study amongst
municipal employees, as well as middle and high suburb areas within Matjhabeng
LM.
The realistic evidence has revealed that communities are unhappy because of,
among other things, the cadre deployment to the municipality, the poor service
delivery, corrupt councillors, uncommitted employees, communication between
municipality and its residents and interference of politicians which have impacted
negatively on service delivery. The results showed that although many respondents
are unhappy with the basic services besides the municipality making an effort to
provide basic services. Furthermore, it is evident from the results that while being
unhappy with services more than residents who receive monthly bills are willing to
pay for services rendered.MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
46
Chien, Liang-Ju, and 簡良如. "Study on Wen Xin Diao Long ──The Human Wen Worldview of Mentis of an Individual." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68611080227932260396.
Анотація:
博士國立臺灣大學
中國文學研究所
95
Most studies on Wen Xin Diao Long were limited on the level of literature, as for those problems beyond the scope of literature, those studies then turned to the comparison between 〈Tao Origin〉and the intimate relation of Tao and Wen in the Han and Tang periods, or its relation with the Confucianist, Buddhist, Taoist traditions. Our study differs from the above in that, it rather explores the total Worldviews as expounded in problems of Individuality, Technique, Nature and Wen of Man, and through these problems, the thoughts of Wen Xin Diao Long. The reason for this is, that Wen Xin Diao Long not only synthesizes all classical literatures of the Pre-Tsin period, but also absorbs all the new trends of writing in its period, resulting in a new reflection on how an individual can realize in an individual manner the Tao in the Classics. For me, the thought of Liu Xhie has 2 main dimensions: 1. how an individual can become a true individual, 2. though an individual can’t be a saint, still it can transcends itself as an individual and accomplishes the Objective Reality as expounded in the Tao of the Classics. These 2 dimensions can be seen in the chapters on the Technique of Wen as well as in those concerning the Genres of Wen. Wen when it is a union of these two (Technique and Genres), makes the writings of an individual reaching the positive values of writings of the saints, thus accomplishes a new view of individuals as transcendence of itself as individuality, and furthermore, Liu Xhie also centers his thinking on how an individual can be in harmony with the World of man and things around him, how such a harmony can be completely positive and righteous. Liu Xhie wanted to tell us finally, how with such a harmony can Wen be viewed as the reality and only virtue of the human world.
47
Yang, Hsiao-Ching, and 楊曉菁. "Research on Chinese Reading Strategies－Based on the creation theory of Wen Xin Diao Long." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/425mgh.
Анотація:
博士臺北市立大學
中國語文學系
104
Abstract This dissertation attempts to find a support for the reading theory and right of discourse in Mandarin Chinese texts and thus readers can reach the cores and souls of the texts. As a meaningful process, reading is a combination and interaction of the writer, text, and reader. When this process is completed, the text is able to generate a rich and multi-tier interpretation. Based on Wen Xin Diao Long (文心雕龍), the processes of a writer and reader are different. A writer initiates with content and then structure, while a reader in a reverse order. Despite the different order, a writer and reader share a common ground: they aim to devote themselves in the text itself. Wen Xin Diao Long examines aspects of creation, say, the artistic conception, literate quality, wording, structure, phonic performance, etc. This systematic and consistent analysis motivates this dissertation to propose serial reading strategies. This dissertation develops seven reading strategies: asking a question, inference, making an abstract, overall analysis, etc. Although in a serial order, every one of them has an internal connection and can be applied independently. These reading strategies, along with the practice of reading, scaffold a systematic learning approach and are expected to promote the efficiency in teaching reading. Keywords: reading strategy, Wen Xin Diao Long, Theory of Creation, text-centered, literary theory
48
CHIU, CHIH-HENG, and 邱致恆. "On the Translation of She-Diao Yin-Xiong Chuan from the Perspective of Skopos Theory." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gfn4sc.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
應用英文系
108
She-diao ying-xiong chuan, one of Louis Cha’s Wuxia masterpiece, not only showcases his excellent craftsmanship but also illustrates a unique, colorful Wuxia world: jian-hu, wherein characters are disciplined by a strict system of jargons and codes of conduct so deeply embedded in a Chinese cultural context that the textual practice of English translation almost becomes an impossibility. However, since Anna Holmwood completed and published Legends of the Condor Heroes: A Hero Born with the MacLehose Press in 2018, such questions as how western readers may receive the translated text and whether the translated text could channel the Wuxia spirit have been at the heart of the debate in translation studies. Therefore, this study aims to discuss the strategies and methods adopted in the translation of Wuxia novels from the perspective of the functionalist skopos theory through a case study on Legends of the Condor Heroes. The functionalist skopos theory has been vastly influential since the 1990s, and it has also drawn the attention of academia in Asia. An enormous amount of research related to skopos theory has been produced over the years. However, only a fraction of skopos-oriented analyses of the translation of Wuxia novels can be found in Asia and many of them were dated. Boosted by Anna Holmwood and the MacLehose Press, Chinese Wuxia culture is now being gradually transmitted to the western world. This study hopes to contribute to translation studies in the category of Wuxia and provide translators some rules of thumb for their future endeavors to translate Wuxia novels.
49
Lee, Yung Chi Pan, and 潘李泳淇. "A Study on Diao-Yu-Tai Sovereignty Disputes:A Focus on Territory Acquisition in International Law." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76923184043118798803.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
海洋法律研究所
96
In 1969, a report by the UN Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE) indicated the possibility of large oil reserves on the continental shelves of the Diaoyutai Archipelago. The report has raised attention from Japan, Taiwan and China. In May 1970, the Japanese government attempted to assume ownership on Diaoyutai Archipelago, which belonged to Taiwan. The government of Taiwan then made a serious statement to express the firm resolve of the country to oppose that assertion. These led to the first conflict between Taiwan and Japan on the sovereignty of the Diaoyutai Archipelago. In the more than 30 years thereafter, the sovereignty of Diaoyutai Archipelago has remained outstanding among Taiwan, China and Japan. The Japanese government has claimed repeatedly that the Diaoyutai Archipelago was originally Japanese territory, acquired by the Japanese government in 1895 through occupation. For the Japanese government, therefore, the dispute on the “Senkaku Islands “is not existent. Looking into sovereignty dispute on the Diaoyutai Archipelago, no matter from a historical or legal perspective, Taiwan holds powerful evidence to prove that it owns the sovereign of the Diaoyutai Archipelago. In the international society today, however, the power of a country has become, overwhelmingly, the determining factor for all issues. Protection from the International Law is extremely limited. The situation is worsened by the dispute on Taiwan’s national sovereignty against China. The main purpose of the dissertation, therefore, is to identify the best solution to the dispute on the sovereignty of the Diaoyutai Archipelago under the circumstances, taking into account the domestic and international environments, the dignity of the country and the benefit of its people. We understand through the study that, ever since the dispute on the sovereignty of Diaoyutai Archipelago came into shape, Taiwan, China and Japan have been adopting different approaches to express and explain their positions. It is inevitable that all parties would, selectively, insist on the approaches that are most favorable to themselves, particularly when the issue is critical to the interests of the country. In this dissertation, therefore, we would first probe into the different assertions of China, Japan, Taiwan and the United States, as well as the influence of the USA, which is most critical. Apart from a review on the historical background, we also identify the key issues of the dispute on the Diaoyutai sovereignty by focusing on international law in connection with the acquisition of territory. Taiwan is in a less favorable position among the parties concerned. We are, therefore, also providing practical suggestions and prospects on the potential solutions to adequately resolve the sovereignty problem of Diaoyutai in the current international environment.
50
shie, Jr-yun, та 謝致耘. "Synthesis of Bicyclicγ-Butyrolactone Derivatives via Rhodium Catalyzed Intramolecular C-H Insertiom of α-Dizao α-Phosphoryl Cycloalkyl Esters". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pxy2dk.
Анотація:
碩士國立東華大學
化學系
104
In this thesis, we describe an investigation on the carbenoid-mediated intramolecular C-H insertion of α-diazo α-phosphoryl cycloalkyl esters. Under the catalysis of Rh2(OAc)4, the reactions afford the fused bicyclic α-phosphoryl-γ-butyrolactones in varying yields (10-80%) and dr ratios (69:14:17 to 100:0). The reactivity of the precursors and the diastereoselectivity in the cyclization are found to be critically influenced by the ring sizes of the cycloalkyl moieties, and the larger ring sizes usually favor the cyclization process. Moreover, most of the resulting products can be further elaborated into α,α-dialkyl γ-butyrolactones through a two-step alkylation/reductive alkylation sequence with the controlled installation of two alkyl groups to the lactones. In addition, application of Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons (HWE) olefination reaction to the insertion products allows facile access to bicyclic α-alkylidene-γ-butyrolactone ring systems that occur ubiquitously in biologically active natural products and synthetic molecules.