Книги: "Double transition"

1

Grais, Wafik. Central Asia: The double challenge of development and transition. [Washington, D.C.]: World Bank, 1992.

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2

Houtart, François. Hai Van, socialisme et marché: La double transition d'une commune vietnamienne. Paris: Indes savantes, 2004.

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3

Bradford, David F. Transition to and tax rate flexibility in a cash-flow type tax. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998.

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4

Nowlin, Bill. Lefty, double-x and the kid: The 1939 Red Sox, a team in transition. Burlington, MA: Rounder Books, 2009.

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5

Baerner, Klaus. Double exchange in Heusler alloys and related materials. Trivandrum, Kerala, India: Research Signpost, 2007.

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6

Bamford, Jan Katherine. International Joint Double Degrees and International Transitions in Higher Education. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48622-8.

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7

Sosa, Jose Ignacio Frazao. Design, implementation, building and evaluation of a Torus Double Transitive Closure Network of Transputers. Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 1988.

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8

Macpherson, Kerrie L., and Milton James Lewis. Health transitions and the double disease burden in Asia and the Pacific: Histories of responses to non-communicable and communicable diseases. New York: Routledge, 2012.

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9

Beller, Matthias, Xiao-Feng Wu, and Chris Hardacre. Heterocycles from Double-Functionalized Arenes: Transition Metal Catalyzed Coupling Reactions. Royal Society of Chemistry, The, 2015.

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10

Schweiger, A. Electron Nuclear Double Resonance of Transition Metal Complexes with Organic Ligands. Schweiger A, 2014.

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11

Tsygankov, Andrei P. The Dark Double. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190919337.001.0001.

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This book studies the role of US media in presenting American values as principally different from and superior to those of Russia. The analysis focuses on the media’s narratives, frames, and nature of criticism of the Russian side and is based on texts of editorials of selected mainstream newspapers in the United States and other media sources. The book identifies five media narratives of Russia—“transition to democracy” (1991–1995), “chaos” (1995–2005), “neo-Soviet autocracy” (2005–2013), “foreign enemy” (since 2014), and “collusion” (since 2016)—each emerging in a particular context and supported by distinct frames. The increasingly negative presentation of Russia in the US media is explained by the countries’ cultural differences, interstate competition, and polarizing domestic politics. Interstate conflicts served to consolidate the media’s presentation of Russia as “autocratic,” adversarial, and involved in “collusion” with Donald Trump to undermine American democracy. Russia’s centralization of power and anti-American attitudes also contributed to the US media presentation of Russia as a hostile Other. These internal developments did not initially challenge US values and interests and were secondary in their impact on the formation of Russia image in America. The United States’ domestic partisan divide further exacerbated perception of Russia as a threat to American democracy. Russia’s interference in the US elections deepened the existing divide, with Russia becoming a convenient target for media attacks. Future value conflicts in world politics are likely to develop in the areas where states lack internal confidence and where their preferences over the international system conflict.

12

Une double transition presque réussie: Chômage, productivité et politique d'emploi à la Réunion. Saint-Denis: INSEE, 2004.

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13

(Editor), Thomas Elsaesser, Robert Kievit (Editor), and Jan Simons (Editor), eds. Double Trouble: Chiem van Houweninge on Writing and Filming (Amsterdam University Press - Film Culture in Transition). Amsterdam University Press, 1994.

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14

Authority, Qualifications and Curriculum, ed. The Transition from GCSE double award balanced science to A level in the sciences: A review of findings. London: QCA, 1998.

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15

The Transition from GCSE double award balanced science to A level in the sciences: A review of findings. London: QCA, 1998.

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16

Campbell, John, Joey Huston, and Frank Krauss. Soft QCD. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199652747.003.0007.

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In Chapter 7, we discuss various aspects of the strong interaction containing a strong non-perturbative or low-scale component. We first briefly summarise the treatment of the total and inelastic cross sections through the analyticity of the scattering amplitude, which leads to the language of Regge poles. We introduce multiple parton interactions, with the underlying theoretical ideas for their description mainly driven by experimental data, before remarking on double parton scattering. Hadronisation, i.e. the transition from the parton of perturbation theory to the observable hadrons, is introduced by first using the idea of fragmentation functions and then discussing two popular phenomenological models describing this transition. We conclude this chapter by remarking on some ideas concerning the description of hadron decays through effective models.

17

Lacroix, Stéphane, and Jean-Pierre Filiu, eds. Revisiting the Arab Uprisings. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190876081.001.0001.

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Since 2013, the Middle East has experienced a double trend of chaos and civil war, on the one hand, and the return of authoritarianism, on the other. That convergence has eclipsed the political transitions that occurred in the countries whose regimes were toppled in 2011, as if they were merely footnotes to a narrative that naturally led from an “Arab Spring” to an “Arab Winter”. This volume aims at rehabilitating those transitions, by considering them as expressions of a “revolutionary moment” whose outcome was never pre-determined, but depended on the choices of a large range of actors. It brings together leading scholars of Arab politics to adopt a comparative approach to a few crucial aspects of those transitions: constitutional debates, the question of transitional justice, the evolution of civil-military relations, and the role of specific actors, both domestic and international.

18

Nicolae, Alexandru. Word Order and Parameter Change in Romanian. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807360.001.0001.

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The book provides a comprehensive description and in-depth analysis of the major word order changes affecting the clausal and the nominal domains in the transition from old to modern Romanian. The Romanian data are set in a comparative Romance perspective, and the impact of the Balkan Sprachbund and the influence of Old Church Slavonic on the word order changes taking place in the transition from old to modern Romanian are also analysed. The book examines a large number of phenomena: some of them are found across Romance (e.g. scrambling, interpolation, discontinuous constituents, variation in the position and linearization of DP-internal adjectival modifiers), others are rare in Romance (e.g. a low pronominal cliticization site), and still others are specific to old or modern Romanian (e.g. the double, proclitic and enclitic, realization of the same pronominal clitic, the low definite article, the adjectival article construction).

19

Stafström, Sven, and Mikael Unge. Disorder-induced electron localization in molecular-based materials. Edited by A. V. Narlikar and Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533046.013.25.

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This article examines disorder-induced electron localization in molecular-based materials, using DNA and pentacene molecular crystals as examples. In DNA, the disorder is intrinsic and strong, resulting in very short localization lengths. The pentacene crystal, on the other hand, is intrinsically homogeneous and the disorder is extrinsic and weak, which makes a metal–insulator transition (MIT) possible. After providing an overview of carbon-based materials for electronic applications, the article explains the methodology for calculating the localization properties of a DNA double strand and a pentacene molecular crystal, namely Hamiltonian, transfer matrix, and finite-size scaling. It also discusses the results, which show a substantial increase in the localization length of the electronic state with correlated disorder as compared to the case of uncorrelated disorder.

20

McWeeny, Jennifer. The Second Sex of Consciousness. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190608811.003.0013.

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Although Beauvoir’s notion of becoming a woman is frequently understood as a gradual and protracted process, Beauvoir also explicitly sees it as a brutal, immediate, and definitive transition. This alternative temporality becomes clear when we attend to Beauvoir’s repeated use of the reflexive verb se faire (to make oneself) throughout The Second Sex. In assuming the attitude of se faire objet (making oneself an object), a girl transforms the structure of her prereflective consciousness from a child’s consciousness where her body is at the center of her subjectivity to a double, divided consciousness that is both her own and the conduit for another’s desires. This opens a new ontology of sexual difference. Being a woman is not about taking on a construct, set of performances, or sexual style, but assuming a secondary perspectival configuration of prereflective consciousness that makes such styles and performances possible.

21

Väyrynen, Pekka. Doubts about Moral Perception. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786054.003.0006.

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This chapter defends doubts about the existence of genuine moral perception, understood as the claim that at least some moral properties figure in the contents of perceptual experience. The doubts are local: even if perceptual experiences generally can be cognitively penetrable and rich, standard examples of moral perception are better explained as habitual implicit inferences or transitions in thought. The chapter sketches a model on which the relevant transitions in thought can be psychologically immediate depending on how readily and reliably non-evaluative perceptual inputs, jointly with the subject’s background moral beliefs, training, and habituation, trigger the kinds of phenomenological responses that moral agents are disposed to have when they represent things as being morally a certain way. It is then argued that this rival account of moral experience explains at least as much as the moral perception hypothesis but is simpler and (at least by one relevant measure) more unified.

22

Newton, Hannah. ‘O, How Sweet is Ease!’. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779025.003.0004.

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This is the first of four chapters devoted to the personal experience of recovery. It explores patients’ responses to the abatement of bodily suffering, investigating the transition from ‘feeling ill’ to ‘feeling better’. Focusing on the decline of pain, nausea, and sleeplessness—three of the most ubiquitous forms of suffering in accounts of illness—it is shown that feeling better was a double joy for patients, of their bodies and souls: they found that physical suffering produced distressing emotions, and the eventual ease brought rejoicing. The second half of the chapter turns to the reactions of relatives and friends, proposing that they shared the experience of the patient, a phenomenon known as ‘fellow-feeling’. Taking a new, sensory approach, it was chiefly through the ears and eyes that loved ones came to share patients’ suffering and eventual relief. The patient’s ‘doleful Groans’ and ‘sad Looks’ were replaced by joyful laughter and singing.

23

Bamford, Jan. International Joint Double Degrees and International Transitions in Higher Education: The Self, Pedagogy and Culture. Palgrave Macmillan, 2020.

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24

Miklitsch, Robert. The Red and the Black. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040689.003.0003.

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The working premise of this chapter is that, in the 1950s, film noir and anticommunism form a double helix and that even the most notorious of these “red menace” films—The Whip Hand (1951), I Was a Communist for the FBI (1951), Walk East on Beacon! (1952), and Big Jim McLain (1952)--is central to our appreciation of classic noir. A close reading of these films’ generic elements, whether “thriller,” melodrama, or semi-documentary, suggests that the Cold War noir represents a critical moment in the genre’s transition from the 1940s to the 1950s and from expressionism to neo-realism. Although the ideological motifs of these ‘50s “red scare” noirs range from communism and germ warfare (The Whip Hand), union subversion and African Americans (I Was a Communist for the FBI), espionage and the space race (Walk East on Beacon!) to HUAC and All-American masculinity (Big Jim McLain), the ‘50s anticommunist noir, despite its manifest glorification of the nuclear family, law enforcement (FBI), and audiovisual surveillance (television), is frequently troubled by the implications of these selfsame institutions and technologies.

25

Thomas, Aled. Free Zone Scientology. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350182578.

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In this novel academic study, Aled Thomas analyses modern issues surrounding boundaries and fluidity in contemporary Scientology. By using the Scientologist practice of ‘auditing’ as a case study, this book explores the ways in which new types of ‘Scientologies’ can emerge. The notion of Free Zone Scientology is characterised by its horizontal structure, in contrast to the vertical-hierarchy of the institutional Church of Scientology. With this in mind, Thomas explores the Free Zone as an example of a developing and fluid religion, directly addressing questions concerning authority, leadership and material objects. This book, by maintaining a double-focus on the top-down hierarchy of the Church of Scientology and the horizontal-fluid nature of the Free Zone, breaks away from previous research on new religions, with have tended to focus either on new religions as indices of broad social processes, such as secularization or globalization, or as exemplars of exotic processes, such as charismatic authority and brainwashing. Instead, Thomas adopts auditing as a method of providing an in-depth case study of a new religion in transition and transformation in the 21st century. This opens the study of contemporary and new religions to a series of new questions around hybrid religions (sacred and secular), and acts as a framework for the study of similar movements formed in recent decades.

26

Shi, Z. J., and Z. N. Gu. New phenomena in the nanospace of single-wall carbon nanotubes. Edited by A. V. Narlikar and Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533053.013.12.

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This article describes the new phenomena of chemical substances encapsulated in the hollow spaces of carbon nanotubes, with particular emphasis on the nanospace of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) that have nanospaces of about 1 nm in diameter. It begins with a brief introduction to the filling methods and the filling of multiwalled carbon nanotubes, followed by a discussion of the structures, phase transitions and chemical reactions of some typical fullerenes, endohedral metallofullerenes, fullerene derivatives, and inorganic and organic compounds, in the nanospace of SWNTs. The electron transfer between dopants and SWNTs is also examined. The article also considers the filling of double-walled carbon nanotubes.

27

Lowitt, Kristen, Katherine Gray-Donald, Gordon M. Hickey, Arlette Saint Ville, Isabella Francis-Granderson, Chandra A. Madramootoo, and Leroy E. Phillip. The Obesity Pandemic and Food Insecurity in Developing Countries. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190626686.003.0010.

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Overweight and obesity affect over half a billion people globally and represent major public health concerns because excess weight gain is a key risk factor for non-communicable diseases. This chapter presents an overview of global trends in obesity, considering both developed and developing country contexts. It describes how this pandemic is rooted in the “nutrition transition” taking place around the world as a result of a globalized agri-food system that is changing the quantity, types, and desirability of foods available for consumption. In some countries, this is contributing to a “double burden of malnutrition,” as the problem of undernutrition now coexists alongside an increasing prevalence of over-nutrition. An overview of key policy responses and policy instruments that governments can utilize to address obesity is provided, recognizing that a holistic food systems response is needed to address the global challenge of obesity. The remainder of the chapter focuses on the food security and obesity challenges facing the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and profiles a “farm to fork” school feeding project in the island nation of St. Kitts-Nevis that was designed to reduce obesity and improve food security among children. Implementation and key results of this integrated project are presented, including the core components of agricultural production, procurement of local produce, and children’s consumption of nutritious foods. The chapter concludes by identifying lessons for supporting “farm to school”-type projects as a possible food systems response to addressing obesity and food insecurity.

28

Fletcher, Roland, Brendan M. Buckley, Christophe Pottier, and Shi-Yu Simon Wang. Fourteenth to Sixteenth Centuries AD. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199329199.003.0010.

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Angkor, the capital of the Khmer Empire in Southeast Asia, was the most extensive low-density agrarian-based urban complex in the world. The demise of this great city between the late 13th and the start of the 17th centuries AD has been a topic of ongoing debate, with explanations that range from the burden of excessive construction work to disease, geo-political change, and the development of new trade routes. In the 1970s Bernard-Phillipe Groslier argued for the adverse effects of land clearance and deteriorating rice yields. What can now be added to this ensemble of explanations is the role of the massive inertia of Angkor’s immense water management system, political dependence on a meticulously organized risk management system for ensuring rice production, and the impact of extreme climate anomalies from the 14th to the 16th centuries that brought intense, high-magnitude monsoons interspersed with decades-long drought. Evidence of this severe climatic instability is found in a seven-and-a-half century tree-ring record from tropical southern Vietnam. The climatic instability at the time of Angkor’s demise coincides with the abrupt transition from wetter, La Niña-like conditions over Indochina during the Medieval Warm Period to the more drought-dominated climate of the Little Ice Age, when El Niño appears to have dominated and the ITCZ migrated nearly five degrees southward. As this transition neared, Angkor was hit by the double impact of high-magnitude rains and crippling droughts, the former causing damage to water management infrastructure and the latter decreasing agricultural productivity. The Khmer state at Angkor was built on a human-engineered, artificial wetland fed by small rivers. The management of water was a massive undertaking, and the state potentially possessed the capacity to ride out drought, as it had done for the first half of the 13th century. Indeed, Angkor demonstrated just how powerful a water management system would be required and, conversely, how formidable a threat drought can be. The irony, then, is that extreme flooding destroyed Angkor’s water management capacity and removed a system that was designed to protect its population from climate anomalies.

29

Lewis, Milton J., and Kerrie L. MacPherson. Health Transitions and the Double Disease Burden in Asia and the Pacific: Histories of Responses to Non-Communicable and Communicable Diseases. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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30

Nelson, Scott Reynolds. The Ordeal of Eugene Debs. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038174.003.0006.

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The American panic of 1893 has its origins in the fiscal policy of the U.S. Congress. Within a year, the 1893 panic ushered in one of the most famous labor conflicts in American history. The American Railway Union's support for workers locked out of the Pullman Palace Car Company became a titanic general strike centered in Chicago. What began as international doubt about the dollar's convertibility into gold became by 1894 a test of Eugene Debs' new American Railway Union, then an abortive strike, then a collapse of the traditional two-party system. This story is often told differently by political scientists, labor historians, and scholars of socialism, the South, or the transition from the Gilded Age to the Progressive era. This chapter attempts to put some of those histories and historiographies together.

31

Noordhof, Paul. A Variety of Causes. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199251469.001.0001.

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Metaphysicians often focus on what is vertically fundamental, appealing to grounding or truth-making, rather than what is horizontally fundamental: what must be common to any metaphysical picture of the universe. There is a case for causation being one such feature. But how should it be characterized? A revised semantics for counterfactuals provides the basis for a new counterfactual analysis of causation that is compatible with Humean supervenience but also appropriate for a non-Humean metaphysical framework. Causes (independently of their competitors) both make the chance of an effect very much greater than its mean background chance in the circumstances and actually influences the probability of the effect in this way at the time at which the effect occurred via a complete causal chain. Causation understood in this way is a non-transitive relation. It is neutral over the metaphysics of causes and effects but allows a natural way for events to be understood as one fundamental type of causation, the other being property causation. Although negative causal statements are true, there are no cases of negative causation. The analysis explains how causation involving substantial processes is only one variety of causation, others include double prevention. It allows for a variety of micro- and macro-properties to be the basis of the difference between cause and effect. Laws are patterns of causation realized in different ways in different metaphysical pictures. The analysis of causation characterizes a horizontally fundamental property whose modal character depends upon its different realizations.

32

Sadurski, Wojciech. Poland's Constitutional Breakdown. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198840503.001.0001.

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After its double victory in the 2015 presidential and parliamentary elections in Poland, the populist Law and Justice (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (PiS)) party began to dismantle all major checks and balances characteristic of the separation of powers in a democratic state. Poland’s Constitutional Tribunal, its regular courts including the Supreme Court, its National Council of the Judiciary, as well as its electoral commissions, civil service, and public media have all been subordinated to the executive and are single-handedly controlled by the party’s leader. In the process, political rights such as the freedom of assembly have been radically restricted, and the party has captured the entire state apparatus. The speed and depth of anti-democratic changes took many observers by surprise, as Poland had been widely regarded as an example of a successful ‘transitional democracy’ in the quarter century preceding 2015. This book attempts to answer three major questions triggered by Poland’s anti-constitutional breakdown: What exactly has happened? Why has it happened? What are the prospects of returning to liberal democracy? Answers to these questions are formulated against the backdrop of current worldwide trends towards populism, authoritarianism, and what is sometimes called ‘illiberal democracy’. However, as this book argues, the Polish variant of ‘illiberal democracy’ is an oxymoron. By undermining the separation of powers, the ruling party concentrates all power in one hand, thus rendering any democratic accountability illusory. There is, however, no inevitability in anti-democratic trends: this book considers a number of possible remedies and sources of hope, including intervention by the European Union.

33

Caps, John. Off to See the World. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036736.003.0010.

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This chapter details events following Mancini's break with Blake Edwards. While the break was a private event that seemed to put his future career into a state of flux, Mancini sensed a chance to advance, an opportunity in the making, when a phone call reached him at that songwriting contest in Rio. It was Paramount Studios calling. They had been bankrolling a gritty film about the 1876 Irish coal miners' strike in Pennsylvania called The Molly Maguires (1970), and the project was in trouble. The film was being judged too monotone and grim, while the music was deemed too little, too light, casting the drama into doubt. The studio' thought was that with a little more color in the score, and especially a firmer sense of musical drama, the whole momentum of the film might be lifted. And from Mancini's point of view this was just the breath of fresh air that this composer-in-transition had wanted. Almost immediately on finishing The Molly Maguires, Mancini would receive another surprise call from even further afield, announcing that the great Italian neorealist director Vittorio De Sica and the great producer Carlo Ponti wanted to work with him in the film I Girasoli (1970), soon to take the American title Sunflower.

34

Wilson, Shaun. Living Wages and the Welfare State. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447341185.001.0001.

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Living Wages and the Welfare State documents and analyses a key transition now underway in the Anglo-American social model. Although minimum wages are increasing across the world, recent mobilisations for living wages represents a major challenge to the policy consensus of the Anglo-American model in place now for several decades. That consensus promoted adjustments to globalisation and technology by promoting a lean workfare model, maximising dependence on deregulated private labour markets held in place by low minimum wage floors. Growing problems with poor employment quality and low pay, combined with mean and over-policed systems of social protection, have created new pressures on institutions governing the social aspects of employment. Worker activism and a broad net of progressive policymakers have been energised by the broad popular appeal popularity of living wage claims. These reforms have been bolstered by a new political economy of labour markets casting doubt on over-confident claims of inevitable job losses from wage justice for low wage workers. At the same time, major pressure on social protection systems transformed by workfare and mean benefits have forced justice claims into the sphere of low-wage employment. In defending the value of higher and universal minimum wage floors, this book is wary of the limits of minimum wage reforms and explores how the liberal model might be realistically converted into a living wage welfare state. The author argues that living wages represents a realistic and popular platform for beginning a long struggle against rising inequality and disrespect for workers.

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