Готові списки джерел за темами / Ethiopia Population

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Ethiopia Population"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 19 лютого 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Ethiopia Population":

Charpentier, Émeline. "L’Éthiopie des Congolais, Burundais et Rwandais réfugiés." African Diaspora 8, no. 1 (2015): 51–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18725465-00801003.

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Ethiopia as a land of asylum is still little known. Welcoming in 2014 about 400,000 people with refugee status, it represents one of the largest countries of asylum in the Horn of Africa. Among this population, is a tiny minority of Congolese, Burundians and Rwandese. In this article, I wish to analyze, through an anthropological approach, their integration in the host country. The relationship that this refugee population has with the Ethiopian space, with Ethiopia as a political and legal structure, and finally, with the Ethiopians will be questioned. It appears that the political and social relationships between Congolese, Burundians and Rwandans with Ethiopia are characterized by a kind of “mutual disinterest”. In conclusion, the “Ethiopia of the Congolese, Burundian and Rwandan refugees” will emerge, largely based on the sharing of a common origin (Great Lakes) and a common status (the refugee status).

Memirie, Solomon Tessema, Mahlet Kifle Habtemariam, Mathewos Asefa, Biniyam Tefera Deressa, Getamesay Abayneh, Biniam Tsegaye, Mihiret Woldetinsae Abraha, et al. "Estimates of Cancer Incidence in Ethiopia in 2015 Using Population-Based Registry Data." Journal of Global Oncology, no. 4 (December 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.17.00175.

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Purpose Noncommunicable diseases, prominently cancer, have become the second leading cause of death in the adult population of Ethiopia. A population-based cancer registry has been used in Addis Ababa (the capital city) since 2011. Availability of up-to-date estimates on cancer incidence is important in guiding the national cancer control program in Ethiopia. Methods We obtained primary data on 8,539 patients from the Addis Ababa population-based cancer registry and supplemented by data on 1,648 cancer cases collected from six Ethiopian regions. We estimated the number of the commonest forms of cancer diagnosed among males and females in Ethiopia and computed crude and age-standardized incidence rates. Results For 2015 in Ethiopia, we estimated that 21,563 (95% CI, 17,416 to 25,660) and 42,722 (95% CI, 37,412 to 48,040) incident cancer cases were diagnosed in males and females, respectively. The most common adult cancers were: cancers of the breast and cervix, colorectal cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia, and cancers of the prostate, thyroid, lung, stomach, and liver. Leukemia was the leading cancer diagnosis in the pediatric age group (age 0 to 14 years). Breast cancer was by far the commonest cancer, constituting 33% of the cancers in women and 23% of all cancers identified from the Addis Ababa cancer registry. It was also the commonest cancer in four of the six Ethiopian regions included in the analysis. Colorectal cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma were the commonest malignancies in men. Conclusion Cancer, and more prominently breast cancer, poses a substantial public health threat in Ethiopia. The fight against cancer calls for expansion of population-based registry sites to improve quantifying the cancer burden in Ethiopia and requires both increased investment and application of existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the Ethiopian population.

Eshetu, Fassil, and Degye Goshu. "Determinants of Ethiopian Coffee Exports to Its Major Trade Partners: A Dynamic Gravity Model Approach." Foreign Trade Review 56, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0015732520976301.

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The aim of this article is to examine export determinants of Ethiopian coffee to 31 trade partner countries using a dynamic gravity model and system generalised moment method of estimation (GMM) for the period 1998–2016. Descriptive results showed that Ethiopia was exporting only 39% of its total coffee production, and 53.5% and 34.13% of Ethiopian coffee exports were directed to European and Asian countries, respectively, over the period 1998–2016. Regression results revealed that trade openness, population size of Ethiopia, foreign direct investment and institutional quality index of Ethiopia are positively and significantly affecting volume of Ethiopian coffee export. But population of partner countries, weighted distance, lagged export volume and real exchange rate are negatively and significantly influencing export volume of Ethiopian coffee. Hence, Ethiopia needs to diversify its export destinations and export items a way from primary agricultural exports to secondary industrial exports in order to secure dependable source of foreign currency. Also, controlling corruption, increasing government effectiveness, ensuring political stability promotion of foreign direct investment and encouraging trade liberalisation would help to boost the volume of Ethiopian coffee export. JEL Codes: F12, F13, F14

Belay, Adamu, Edward J. M. Joy, Christopher Chagumaira, Dilnesaw Zerfu, E. Louise Ander, Scott D. Young, Elizabeth H. Bailey, R. Murray Lark, Martin R. Broadley, and Dawd Gashu. "Selenium Deficiency Is Widespread and Spatially Dependent in Ethiopia." Nutrients 12, no. 6 (May 27, 2020): 1565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12061565.

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Selenium (Se) is an essential element for human health and livestock productivity. Globally, human Se status is highly variable, mainly due to the influence of soil types on the Se content of crops, suggesting the need to identify areas of deficiency to design targeted interventions. In sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia, data on population Se status are largely unavailable, although previous studies indicated the potential for widespread Se deficiency. Serum Se concentration of a nationally representative sample of the Ethiopian population was determined, and these observed values were combined with a spatial statistical model to predict and map the Se status of populations across the country. The study used archived serum samples (n = 3269) from the 2015 Ethiopian National Micronutrient Survey (ENMS). The ENMS was a cross-sectional survey of young and school-age children, women and men. Serum Se concentration was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). The national median (Q1, Q3) serum Se concentration was 87.7 (56.7, 123.0) μg L−1. Serum Se concentration differed between regions, ranging from a median (Q1, Q3) of 54.6 (43.1, 66.3) µg L−1 in the Benishangul-Gumuz Region to 122.0 (105, 141) µg L−1 in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples’ Region and the Afar Region. Overall, 35.5% of the population were Se deficient, defined as serum Se < 70 µg L−1. A geostatistical analysis showed that there was marked spatial dependence in Se status, with serum concentrations greatest among those living in North-East and Eastern Ethiopia and along the Rift Valley, while serum Se concentrations were lower among those living in North-West and Western Ethiopia. Selenium deficiency in Ethiopia is widespread, but the risk of Se deficiency is highly spatially dependent. Policies to enhance Se nutrition should target populations in North-West and Western Ethiopia.

Krafsur, E. S., M. Madsen, D. L. Wohlford, S. Mihok, and N. T. Griffiths. "Population genetics of Glossina morsitans submorsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 90, no. 4 (August 2000): 329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300000456.

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AbstractBreeding structure of Glossina morsitans submorsitans Newstead was evaluated by using genetic markers in mitochondrial DNA where diversity was scored at two loci in five natural populations from The Gambia and two populations in Ethiopia (form ugandensis Vanderplank), countries separated by c. 5450 km. Twenty six haplotype combinations were found, of which 17 were shared among two or more populations. Nine haplotypes were found in The Gambia and 23 haplotypes in Ethiopia. There were 12 unique haplotypes. Only six haplotypes were shared between the two countries. Populations in The Gambia (he = 0.26 ± 0.04) showed less than a third of the diversity of populations in Ethiopia (he= 0.84 ± 0.03). This suggests recovery from an earlier reduction in population. In a nested analysis of molecular variance of haplotype frequencies, 65%of the variance was due to differences within populations, 34% to differences between populations grouped by country, and only 1% was due to differences among populations within countries. In terms of gene flow, the fixation index FST= 0.35, which leads to an estimate by Wright’s island model of less than one reproducing migrant per generation exchanged between the eastern and western submorsitanspopulations. Nei’s genetic similarity measure showed a deep division between Gambian and Ethiopian populations.

Fikadu Tolossa Ayanie, Dagnachew T. Melese, Eyayew T. Beze, and Tihtina A. Fanta. "Trends in Contemporary International Migration of Ethiopia." PanAfrican Journal of Governance and Development (PJGD) 1, no. 2 (August 30, 2020): 30–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.46404/panjogov.v1i2.2342.

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Ethiopia is found in the ‘Eastern Africa migration system’ known for turbulent population mobility due to a host of social, economic, and political factors. The migration problem of East Africa, in which, a substantial exploration of the complexity and intensity of the migration pattern of Ethiopia has become necessary in the context of social transformation and development processes. To this end, this study is designed to provide migratory change and developmental patterns of international migration of Ethiopia in regional and sub-regional perspectives based on long-term macro statistics. The data obtained from the Reports of the United Nations Department for Economic and Social Affairs and World Bank’s Development Indicators have been used to describe, analyze and explain long-term patterns of international migration of Ethiopia within the regional contexts. Results show the trend that Ethiopia experienced a continuous increase in its international migrant stock in the last five decades, from less than 400,000 in 1960 to over 1 million in 2015. Refugees and transit migrants constituted the largest number of immigrants, mostly from the neighboring countries, driven by continuous conflicts and political instability. Ethiopia, once dominant in refugee flows in the Horn of Africa due to political conflict, famine, and persecution, experienced a sharp decline in the share of refugees in the Horn of Africa in the last three decades. Economic motives have recently become the prime factors in migration decisions among the Ethiopians as observed with the fact that the USA and the Middle East are the major destinations. The findings revealed that Ethiopian emigration is characterized by the inter-continental flows unlike the Sub-Saharan migration pattern known to have an intra-continental migratory link. Feminization of Ethiopian migration is also evident particularly in core destination countries of the Global North, which indicates the increasing role of females in migration decisions but also disproves the widely held perception about Ethiopians emigration to the Arab World as female-specific. In the final analysis, Ethiopia could be regarded rather as a destination, with over 1.2 million migrants, than as an origin, with just over 800,000 as of 2017, which now make the country a regional migration hub in the Horn of Africa.

Besada, Hany. "Ethiopia: Natural Resource Exploitation and Emerging Investors1." Revue Gouvernance 14, no. 1 (July 26, 2017): 66–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1040637ar.

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Natural resource governance accelerates development. Ethiopia, a low-income country, passed land legislation in the 1990s and subsequently exhibited exceptional economic growth and human development improvements. From 2004 to 2014, Ethiopia’s average annual GDP growth rate was about nine per cent. Nevertheless, over 80% of the population remain food insecure. Using a literature review and interviews, this case study examines Ethiopia’s economic and social development through a land governance lens. It aims to document the flaws in Ethiopia’s regulatory framework that hinder vulnerable communities from leveraging the benefits of greater foreign direct investments (FDI) and resultant economic growth. The case analyzes Ethiopia’s agricultural governance framework and the impact of FDI-driven large-scale farming on smallholder communities, and concludes with suggestions for alternative investment approaches. The case study reveals that Ethiopian government legislation and resultant macroeconomic growth has yet to deliver inclusive and stable economic gains for many of the vulnerable smallholder communities. There is a need to advance further regulation and policies that not only protect these vulnerable communities, but also enhance economic and trade incentives for potential foreign investors.

Oumer, Oumer Abdie, Kassahun Tesfaye, Tileye Feyissa, Dagnew Yibeyen, Jayaraman Durai, and Muhammad Zeeshan Hyder. "cpDNA-Gene-Sequence-Based Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, and Gene Flow Analysis of Ethiopian Lowland Bamboo (Bambusinea: Oxytenanthera abyssinica (A. Rich.) Munro)." International Journal of Forestry Research 2021 (June 16, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9976087.

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Background. As a member of Poaceae and subfamily Bambusoideae, Ethiopian lowland bamboo (Oxytenanthera abyssinica) is one of the most important nontimber forest resources or a potential alternative to wood and wood products. Ethiopia contributes 86% of the total area of bamboo on the continent, Africa, and 7% of the world. O. abyssinica in Ethiopia accounts for 85% of the total national coverage of bamboo. Several studies have been performed on the genetic diversity and population structure analysis of various bamboo species throughout the world but almost nothing in Ethiopia and O. abyssinica. Methods. Young fresh leaves of O. abyssinica from thirteen natural lowland bamboo growing areas across the country were collected. DNA was isolated using a modified CTAB DNA isolation method. Three cpDNA gene sequences (matK, ndhF3, and rps16) were used for the study. PCR products were analyzed, purified, and pair-end sequenced to calculate AC/GC content, average number of nucleotide differences (k), nucleotide diversity (π) and population mutation rates per 100 sites ( θ w ), InDel (Insertion-Deletion), DNA divergence, gene flow, and genetic differentiation. Results. Metekel Zone was found to have extremely higher k, π, and θ w . Higher frequency of genetic differentiation was found between Metekel Zone vs. the distant populations. Higher frequency of gene flow was found between Assosa Zone vs. Oromia populations. Kurmuk haplotype from gaps or missing data considered and Bambasi haplotype from not considered has descendants around them. Conclusion. Using sequences of cpDNA genes, populations of O. abyssinica collected in Ethiopia show clear diversity based on their geographic location. Metekel Zone was found to have the most diverse population, Assosa Zone has been found to be the source of evolution of O. abyssinica, and Gambella population shows a difference from other O. abyssinica populations.

Gutema, Girma, Seid Ali, and Sultan Suleman. "Trends of community-based systemic antibiotic consumption: Comparative analyses of data from Ethiopia and Norway calls for public health policy actions." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 14, 2021): e0251400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251400.

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Studies on antibiotic utilization trends are invaluable because they offer data for evaluation of impacts of antimicrobial stewardship policies. Such studies help determine correlations between the use of specific antibiotic classes and trends in emergence of resistance (resistance-epidemiology). This study aims to quantify the consumption systemic antibiotics (J01)—in defined daily doses (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID)—in Ethiopia’s public healthcare sector (2016–2020). By so doing, it attempts to capture the extent of population exposure to antibiotics in the country. Data were also compared with those from Norway to establish rough estimate of the country’s status vis-à-vis some globally acknowledged better practices with regard to optimal use of antibiotics. Raw data obtained from registers of Ethiopian Pharmaceutical Supply Agency were converted into DDD, per the standard methodology recommended by WHO. To control for population size, antibiotics consumption data were presented as DID. Since official population census data for Ethiopia were not available for the study period, population projection data from the World Bank were used. Community-based consumption of systemic antibiotics increased from 11.02 DID in 2016 to 12.83 DID in 2020 in Ethiopia—an increase by 16.4%. Moreover, analysis of a log-linear regression model showed that the average growth rate in the community-based systemic antibiotics consumption per year between 2016 and 2020 was about 3.3% (R2 = 0.89). The highest percentage change in community-based systemic antibiotics consumption happened for glycopeptides (J01XA) and the fourth generation cephalosporins (J01DE)—1300% and 600% compared to the baseline year (2016), respectively. At product level, 9 antibiotics constituted the common domain in the list of medication cocktails in the drug utilization 90% (DU90%) for the study period. Community-based consumption of systemic antibiotics for Ethiopia and Norway showed opposite trends, calling for public health policy actions in Ethiopia.

Davidovich, E., E. Kooby, J. Shapira, and D. Ram. "Oral Hygiene Habits, Dental Home, and Toothbrushing among Immigrant and Native Low Socioeconomic Class Populations." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 37, no. 4 (July 1, 2013): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.37.4.l75322k97l2q31g0.

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About 45,000 people immigrated to Israel from Ethiopia over the last 30 years. The purpose of this study was to compare oral hygiene habits in preschool children from low socioeconomic neighborhoods offspring of immigrants from Ethiopia to offspring of native Israelis. Method: Parents of children attending 21 nursery schools were asked to respond anonymously to 7 questions about their children's visits to a dentist and toothbrushing habits. Results: Parents of 719 children (382 Ethiopian and 337 native Israeli) responded. Of children aged 49-82 months, 15% offspring of Ethiopian and 25% of native Israelis were reported to have visited a dentist; and 45% and 65%, respectively, to brush their teeth at least once daily. More than 90% of children of both populations were reported to have toothbrushes. Of children aged 18-48 months, 28% of Ethiopian and 65% of native Israelis were reported to brush their teeth at least once daily. Conclusion: After more than 20 years residence in a new country, the dental home of an immigrant population was significantly different from that of the native population, of the same low socioeconomic neighborhoods. Discrepancies in parental responses highlight the importance of addressing information bias.

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Дисертації з теми "Ethiopia Population":

Kinfu, Ashagrea Yohannes. "The quite revolution : an analysis of the change toward below-replacement-level fertility in Addis Ababa." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2001. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20011218.163822/index.html.

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Kanagwa, James R. "Establishing Mobile Financial Services in Ethiopia." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2319.

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Mobile phone service is increasing among low income populations; however, with over 1 billion mobile service users worldwide, many people still lack banking services. Banks do not reach out to the poor because of the high operational costs involved. Scholars and industry practitioners have indicated that mobile phones could be an alternative channel for delivering financial services to the less advantaged and unbanked, without requiring a traditional bank with a branch network. The purpose of this bounded case study was to explore the strategies bank managers used to implement the new mobile banking service to the Ethiopian community. The new product development theory served as the conceptual framework for this study. Twenty experienced bank managers were interviewed from the leading private bank in Ethiopia. Data were segmented and categorized. After member checking and triangulation, data were sorted into 4 themes: development, testing, commercialization of new products or services, and an organizational commitment to adopt new technologies and innovative processes. The findings may contribute to the body of knowledge regarding strategies bank managers can use for implementing and introducing new products in order to contribute to the prosperity of individuals, businesses, and communities.

Tesfaye, Fikru. "Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease risk factors in Ethiopia : the rural-ruban gradient." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1543.

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Fekadu, Abebaw. "Studies on affective disorders in rural Ethiopia." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Psykiatri, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-37813.

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Background Affective disorders are poorly defined and studied in sub-Saharan Africa despite their substantial public health impact. Objectives Overall objective: To describe the epidemiology of selected affective disorders in rural Ethiopia. Specific objectives 1. To describe the validity and utility of the concept of minor depressive disorder (mD). 2. To describe the manifestation, prevalence and the short-term clinical and functional course and outcome of bipolar disorder. Subjects and methods Population: Zay community residents (age ≥16), and residents of Butajira (ages 15-49), in Southern Ethiopia. Study design: Population-based cross-sectional and longitudinal studies Case identification: For the identification of cases with bipolar disorder, a two stage process was employed. An initial screen used key informants and interview with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) to identify cases with probable bipolar disorder. A second confirmatory diagnostic assessment stage employed the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN). For the identification of cases with mD, data from the CIDI was used. Follow-up: 312 cases with bipolar disorder from Butajira were followed up for a mean of 2.5 years (ranging 1-4 years) through monthly clinical assessments and annual symptom and functional ratings. Results The CIDI was administered to 1714 adults among the Zay and to 68, 378 adults among the Butajira residents. The prevalence of mD among the Zay and Butajira was 20.5% and 2.2% respectively. Up to 80% of cases with mD had used services for their symptoms, while a third to a half of cases had thought about self harm. Up to a sixth of cases had attempted suicide. Age, marital status, education and somatic symptoms were independently associated with mD. The prevalence of bipolar disorder among the Zay was 1.8%. During a 2.5-year follow-up of 312 cases with bipolar disorder from Butajira, 65.9% relapsed (47.8% manic, 44.3% depressive and 7.7% mixed episodes) while 31.1% experienced persistent illness. Female gender predicted depressive relapse whereas male gender predicted manic relapse. Only being on psychotropic medication predicted remission (OR=3.42; 95% CI=1.82, 6.45). Disability was much worse among bipolar patients than in the general population and was predicted by symptom se3verity. Conclusions This is the largest study on mD and bipolar disorder in Africa. mD appears to have potential clinical utility in this setting given its association with service use and risk. The identified risk factors for mD also suggest potential aetiological continuity with major depression. The relatively high prevalence of bipolar disorder among the Zay may be related to genetic predisposition perhaps mediated through a founder effect, but other factors need exploring. In relation to the outcome of bipolar disorder, this study indicates that, contrary to previous assumptions, the course of bipolar disorder is characterised by both manic and depressive relapses in a relatively proportionate fashion. Bipolar disorder also leads to significant levels of disability. This is the only prospective outcome study of bipolar disorder in Africa where cases were monitored systematically at short assessment intervals. Therefore, findings are likely to be more robust than previous reports.

Endo, Noriko Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Simulation of hydrology and population dynamics of Anopheles mosquitoes around the Koka Reservoir in Ethiopia." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/88393.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 89-96).
This thesis applies the HYDRology, Entomology and MAlaria Transmission Simulator (HYDREMATS) to the environment around a water resources reservoir in Ethiopia. HYDREMATS was modified to simulate the local hydrology and the mosquito population dynamics influenced by the reservoir system. The hydrology component of HYDREMATS including a representation of the groundwater was coupled with a reservoir model to describe the spatiotemporal variability of the groundwater table, and the variability in shoreline locations. The entomology component was modified to match the relatively humid environment. HYDREMATS was applied to two villages around the Koka Reservoir in Ethiopia, one adjacent to the reservoir, Ejersa, and the other located 12 km away from it, Gudedo. Meteorological data were collected from July 2011 to February 2013. Entomological data collection started in July 2012 and continued until February 2013. Adult mosquitoes were sampled from the two field sites and classified at the genus level, i.e., Anopheles or Culex. Because of their geographical proximity, the climatology in Ejersa and the climatology in Gudedo were comparable; however, entomological conditions in the two villages were distinct. Ejersa experienced an enhanced and prolonged mosquito season. HYDREMATS was able to simulate the hydrology and the population dynamics of Anopheles mosquitoes at both sites for the period, from January 2012 to February 2013. The model applied to Ejersa simulated a large mosquito population and a prolonged mosquito breeding season because of the existence of the reservoir, in agreement with observations. Especially, a large mosquito population in the post-rainy season was sustained in the simulation due to a large shoreline breeding area. The model applied to Gudedo simulated smaller mosquito population, but it failed to reproduce observed adult mosquito population dynamics correctly. However, the simulated adult mosquito population dynamics in Gudedo resembled those of the observed larvae samples. Further model calibration and validation will be conducted as more data become available. This study demonstrates that HYDREMATS can serve as an effective tool to simulate local hydrology and mosquito population dynamics at a reservoir environment, given hydrological and entomological parameters specified for the given field site.
by Noriko Endo.
S.M.

Azerefegne, Ferdu. "The sweet potato butterfly Acraea acerata in Ethiopia : ecology and economic importance /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5701-7.pdf.

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Fantahun, Mesganaw. "Mortality and survival from childhood to old age in rural Ethiopia." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1559.

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Meressa, Beira Hailu [Verfasser]. "Distribution, Population Dynamics and Sustainable Management of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Cut-Flowers in Ethiopia / Beira Hailu Meressa." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1077268939/34.

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Bekele, Tesfaye. "Plant Population Dynamics of Dodonaea angustifolia and Olea europaea ssp. cuspidata in Dry Afromontane Forests of Ethiopia." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för evolutionsbiologi, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-493.

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Human disturbance has led to excessive deforestation and to a very limited forest cover in the Afromontane zone of Ethiopia, which forms a large part of the country. Thus urgent conservation measures are required to ameliorate the situation. Understanding the natural regeneration processes and the dynamics of plant populations of tree and shrub species has a practical application in the restoration of these habitats. The present study focuses on the population dynamics and regeneration of an early successional shrub Dodonaea angustifolia and a late successional tree Olea europaea ssp. cuspidata in southern Wello, Ethiopia. Population structure and dynamics, regeneration and seed banks in dry Afromontane habitats were considered. For both species, three population structure patterns were identified: 1) high density, reversed J-shape structure with many seedlings and few large individuals, 2) lower density, unimodal structure with higher proportions of plants of intermidiate size, 3) high density with higher proportions of large plants , in some cases bimodal with small and large individuals. Vegetation type and protection time were found to have a significant effect on the population structure of both species. Dodonaea can establish itself on degraded land, once the disturbance has ceased Projection matrix analysis on observations from permanent plots in Dodonaea populations in protected and unprotected sites resulted in one declining population, and one increasing in the protected site and declining populations at the unprotected site. The overall projected growth rate in Dodonaea calculated from a pooled matrix indicated positive population growth. The factors influencing the population growth, recruitment and survival are discussed. The persistence of Olea populations seems to depend on the more stable environmental conditions in later successional stages of forest vegetation. There are possibilities of natural regeneration of Olea if regenerating individuals still occur in the area. Rainfall seasonality is a dominant factor in regulating establishment, recruitment, survival and growth, particularly during the seedling stage. Moreover, shade and herbivory are factors that need consideration. Since Olea grows better under shade than in the open sun, successful regeneration for this species relies on shade from other plants and on protection from grazing, at least during the seedling stage. Most of the species that germinated from the seed banks were herbs and grasses with very few shrub and tree species. There was low correspondence between species composition of the seed banks and that of the standing vegetation. Spatial and temporal variation in demographic parameters among populations of Dodonaea and Olea can be attributed to human and environmental influence. Under protection, both Dodonaea and Olea seem to have a possibility to regenerate naturally. Further research should consider factors mentioned in detailed investigations of other dominant Afromontane forest species.

Tesfaye, Chekol Gashaw [Verfasser], Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Wolff, and Hauke [Gutachter] Reuter. "Population and Ecosystem-based Fisheries Assessment of the Rift Valley Lake Koka, Ethiopia / Gashaw Tesfaye Chekol ; Gutachter: Matthias Wolff, Hauke Reuter ; Betreuer: Matthias Wolff." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1113718870/34.

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Книги з теми "Ethiopia Population":

Ahmed, Jelaludin. Census of Ethiopia, 1984. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Central Statistical Office, 1987.

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ʼéǧansi, Ethiopia YaMāʻekalāwi stātistiks. Population projections for Ethiopia, 2007-2037. Addis Ababa: Central Statistical Agency, 2013.

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Kuris, Ayele. Population and resource base of Ethiopia. Addis Ababa: [s.n.], 2003.

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Fund, United Nations Population. UNFPA in Ethiopia, 1972-1994. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: United Nations Population Fund in collaboration with the National Office of Population, 1994.

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ʼéǧansi, Ethiopia YaMāʻekalāwi stātistiks. The 2007 population and housing census of Ethiopia. Addis Ababa: Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Office of Population and Housing Census Commission, Central Statistical Agency, 2011.

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ʼéǧansi, Ethiopia YaMāʻekalāwi stātistiks. The 2007 population and housing census of Ethiopia. Addis Ababa: Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Population Census Commission, Central Statistical Agency, 2010.

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Desta, Zemicael. The population of Ethiopia, 1990-2025: Possibilities for the future. Canberra, ACT, Australia: Research School of Pacific Studies, ANU, 1993.

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Tekle-Haimanot, Makonnen. Demographic and related data collection in Ethiopia: Historical perspective (to 1983). [Addis Ababa?: s.n., 1987.

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Directorate, National Planning Commission (Ethiopia) Population and Development. Demographic and socio-economic profile of Ethiopia, 2000-2013. Addis Ababa: Population and Development Directorate, National Planning Commission, 2013.

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Ethiopia. YaGanzabenā yaʼikonomi lemāt ministér. Population Department. An annotated bibliography of population and reproductive health researches in Ethiopia, 2002-2007. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Population Dept., Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, 2008.

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Частини книг з теми "Ethiopia Population":

Griffin, Keith. "Population Policy: Two Issues." In The Economy of Ethiopia, 275–88. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12722-1_12.

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Hailemariam, Assefa. "The Second Biggest African Country Undergoing Rapid Change: Ethiopia." In Africa's Population: In Search of a Demographic Dividend, 53–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46889-1_4.

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Prior, Julian, Thaw Ni Ni Zaw, Jemal Yousuf Hassen, and Estella Toperesi. "Social Capital, Adaptation and Resilience: Case Studies of Rural Communities in Ethiopia, Zimbabwe and Myanmar." In Population, Development, and the Environment, 87–112. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2101-6_7.

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Hailemariam, Assefa, Solomon Alayu, and Charles Teller. "The National Population Policy (NPP) of Ethiopia: Achievements, Challenges and Lessons Learned, 1993–2010." In The Demographic Transition and Development in Africa, 303–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8918-2_15.

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Pandey, Amit, Rajesh Kumar, Deepak Sinwar, Tesfaye Tadele, and Linesh Raja. "Assessing the Role of Age, Population Density, Temperature and Humidity in the Outbreak of COVID-19 Pandemic in Ethiopia." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 725–34. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6984-9_57.

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Wagino, Abbebe Marra, and Teshale W. Amanuel. "Community Adaptation to Climate Change: Case of Gumuz People, Metekel Zone, Northwest Ethiopia." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2339–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_244.

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AbstractThe effect of climate change on agricultural-dependent communities is immense. Ethiopia in which more than 85% of its population is agrarian is affected by climate change. Communities in different parts of the country perceived climate change and practice different climate change adaptation strategies. This chapter was initiated to identify adaptation strategy to the impact of changing climate. Data on a total of 180 households were gathered using structured and semi-structured questioners. Focus group discussion and key informant interview were also used for data collection. Climatic data from the nearest meteorological stations of the area were collected and used in this chapter. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The upshot indicated that all the respondent communities experienced at least one of autonomous/self-adaptation strategies to cope and live with the impacts of changing climate. Though 33.6% complained on its accessibility and pricing, 66.4% of the respondents reviled as they do not have any awareness on improved agricultural technologies. The major adaptation strategies identified were collecting and using of edible wild plants and other forest products, hunting, renting/selling of own farm lands, livestock sell, selling of household materials/assets, collecting and selling of wood and wood products and depending on well-off relatives, using drought-resistant crop variety, changing cropping calendar, replanting/sowing, and increasing farmland size. Nevertheless, the communities are not yet fully aware and accessed to policy-driven options for climate change adaptation. Although they used different autonomous adaptation mechanisms, the households are not resilient to the current and perceived climate change. Finally, based on the findings, the recommendation is that besides encouraging the existing community-based adaptation strategies planned adaptation strategies have to be implemented: such as early-warning and preparedness programs have to be effectively implemented in the area, introduction of different drought-resistant locally adapted food crop varieties, and expansion of large-scale investment in the area has to be checked, and give due recognition to forest ecosystem–based adaptation mechanisms of the local community in the area.

Teller, Charles. "Are there Mixed Malthusian and Boserupian Consequences of Population Pressure and Food Insecurity? Vulnerability and Demographic Responses in 16 Drought-Prone Districts Throughout Ethiopia." In The Demographic Transition and Development in Africa, 237–63. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8918-2_12.

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Mutezo, Gamuchirai, Jean Mulopo, and Dumisani Chirambo. "Climate Change Adaptation: Opportunities for Increased Material Recycling Facilities in African Cities." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 849–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_61.

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AbstractAfrica’s urban morphology is expected to develop at a steady rate between 2020 and 2050. Population growth, rising urbanization rates, growing energy consumption, and industrialization are only a few of the reasons causing these changes. Likewise, waste production is projected to rise from 125 million tons in 2012 to 244 million tons annually by 2025. Around 60.0% and 80.0% of African waste is made up of organic material, which is a viable methane source. Fly tipping, free disposal, landfilling, and incineration have been used as a large-scale waste treatment system in most African cities. However, with the anticipated morphological changes, these solutions are no longer viable in the future due to lack of airspace, availability of urban land for new landfill sites, and concerns over carbon emissions. This chapter discusses the potential for improved adoption of material recycling facilities (MRF) in urban environments as an incentive to support waste diversion from landfills, decentralize waste separation activities, and increase the transformation of waste materials into valuable raw materials. A case study is discussed for Ethiopia, Ghana, and South Africa with the goal of explaining current processes, urban planning initiatives required for greater implementation, and how they can be interpreted as adaptation initiatives.

Shiferaw, Bekele, Stein Holden, and Jens Aune. "Population Pressure and Land Degradation in the Ethiopian Highlands: A Bio-Economic Model with Endogenous Soil Degradation." In Contributions to Economics, 73–92. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57558-7_5.

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"Ethiopia." In World Population Prospects, 285–88. UN, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/e39c84a5-en.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Ethiopia Population":

Gebrehiwot, Tesfay, and Kibrom Tadesse. "P814 Comprehensive healthcare interventions at mekelle university STI and ART clinics for key population, northern ethiopia." In Abstracts for the STI & HIV World Congress (Joint Meeting of the 23rd ISSTDR and 20th IUSTI), July 14–17, 2019, Vancouver, Canada. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2019-sti.862.

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Yisma, E., B. Mol, J. Lynch, and L. Smithers. "P86 Interpreting the changing association between caesarean birth and neonatal death: a case study from ethiopia." In Society for Social Medicine and Population Health and International Epidemiology Association European Congress Annual Scientific Meeting 2019, Hosted by the Society for Social Medicine & Population Health and International Epidemiology Association (IEA), School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, 4–6 September 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2019-ssmabstracts.236.

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Firmanurulita, Fadhila, Agus Kristiyanto, and Hanung Prasetya. "Association between Overweight and Hypertension in Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.63.

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Background: The upward trend in adolescent hypertension is widely attributed to the adolescent overweight and obesity epidemic. Because of their high-risk status, intervention in overweight adolescents with associated comorbidities, such as hypertension, should be considered. The purpose of this study was to examine association between overweight and hypertension in adolescents. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic review. The articles were obtained from PubMed, Springer Link, and Google Scholar databases, which published from 2006 to 2020. Keywords used “hypertension” AND “adolescents” AND” obesity” AND “risk factor of obesity” AND “cross-sectional” AND “adjusted odds ratio”. The inclusion criteria were full-text, using English language, and reporting Odds ratio. The study population was adolescents. The intervention was overweight with comparison non overweight. The study outcome was hypertension. The articles were reviewed by PRISMA diagram and analyzed by RevMan 5.3. Results: 8 articles from Ethiopia, Spanyol, Canada, Taiwan, Lithuania, United States, and Malaysia were met criteria. The data analysis found low heterogeneity between groups (I2= 40%; p=0.110), so it used fixed effect model. This meta-analysis study reported that overweight increases the risk of hypertension in adolescents (aOR= 3.32; 95% CI= 3.02 to 3.66; p<0.001). Conclusion: Overweight increases the risk of hypertension in adolescents. Keywords: overweight, hypertension, adolescents Correspondence: Fadhila Firmanurulita. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: missdhila@gmail.com. Mobile: 085740045026.

Soemanto, RB, and Bhisma Murti. "Relationship between Intimate Partner Violence and The Risk of Postpartum Depression." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.109.

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ABSTRACT Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) refers to any behavior in an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological or sexual harm to those in the relationship. IPV is associated with fatal and non-fatal health effects, including homicide and suicide, as well as negative health behaviours during pregnancy, poor reproductive outcomes and adverse physical and mental consequences. This study aimed to examine relationship between intimate partner violence and the risk of postpartum depression. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting articles from Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases, which published from 2010 to 2020. “Intimate Partner Violence” OR “IPV” AND “Postpartum Depression” OR “Postnatal Depression” was keywords used for searching the articles. The study population was postpartum mothers. The intervention was intimate partner violence with comparison no intimate partner violence. The study outcome was postpartum depression. The inclusion criteria were full text cross-sectional study, using English language, using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) to measure depression. The articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart and Revman 5.3. Results: 8 articles from Turki, Ethiopia, Mexico, Malaysia, Israel, South Africa, and Sudan were reviewed for this study. This study reported that intimate partner violence increased the risk of postpartum depression (aOR = 3.39; 95% CI= 2.17 to 5.30). Conclusion: Intimate partner violence increased the risk of postpartum depression. Keywords: intimate partner violence, postpartum depression Correspondence: Ardiani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: dhiniardiani@gmail.com. Mobile: 085337742831. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.109

Widiyaningrum, Alfiati Nanda, Bhisma Murti, and Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari. "Effect of Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid on The Risk of Infants Asphyxia: A Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.130.

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ABSTRACT Background: Meconium aspiration syndrome refers to the aspiration of meconium and amniotic fluid by the fetus. It can occur when the fetus is still in the uterus, passing through the birth canal or when it takes its first breath after birth. Meconium aspiration is a serious condition with high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to examine the effect of meconium stained amniotic fluid on the risk of infants asphyxia. Subjects and Method: Meta analysis and systematic review was conducted by collecting published articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, Clinical Key, Science Direct, and Springer Link databases. Keywords used risk factor, asphyxia, birth asphyxia, meconium stained amniotic, meconium stained liquor, and cross sectional. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The study population was infants. Intervention was meconium stained amniotic liquid with comparison clean amniotic liquid. The study outcome was asphyxia. The collected articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed by fixed effect model using Revman 5.3. Results: 7 studies from Ethiopia reported that meconium stained amniotic fluid increased the risk of asphyxia in infants 5.83 (aOR= 5.83; CI 95%= 4.15 to 8.20; p <0.001). Conclusion: Meconium stained amniotic fluid increases the risk of asphyxia in infants. Keywords: meconium, amniotic fluid, asphyxia, infants Correspondence: Alfiati Nanda Widiyaningrum. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: widiyaningruma@gmail.com. Mobile:081327524537. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.130

Pangestu, Utami, Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi, and Hanung Prasetya. "Effect of Fruits and Vegetables Intake on Obesity in School-Aged Children: Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.129.

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ABSTRACT Background: Previous studies suggest that individual and environmental factors were associated lack of vegetable and fruit consumption, which can lead to obesity. Recent studies have indicated the level of vegetable and fruit intake in children aged 2-7 years is particularly low. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of fruits and vegetables intake on obesity in school-aged children. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting published articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, Research Gate, dan Springer Link databases, from year 2011 to 2019. Keywords used ”Nutrition” OR “Obesity” AND ”Cross sectional”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English OR Indonesian language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The study population (P) was school-aged children. Intervention (I) was fruits and vegetables intake with comparison (C) malnutrition. The study outcome (O) was obesity. The collected articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed using Revman 5.3. Results: 6 studies from Ethiopia, South Afrika, Nepal, Ghana, Saudi Arabia, reported that low fruits and vegetables intake increased the risk of obesity in school-aged children (aOR= 1.34; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.70; p<0.001; I2= 92%). Conclusion: Low fruits and vegetables intake increased the risk of obesity in school-aged children. Keywords: obesity, nutrition, fruits and vegetables intake, school-aged children Correspondence: Utami Pangestu. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: utamipangestu@gmail.com. Mobile: 087836021638. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.129

Sitorukmi, Galuh, Bhisma Murti, and Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi. "Effect of Family History with Diabetes Mellitus on the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.55.

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Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious pregnancy complication, in which women without previously diagnosed diabetes develop chronic hyperglycemia during gestation. Studies have revealed that the family history of diabetes is an important risk factor for the gestational diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of family history with diabetes mellitus on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting published articles from Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, and Springer Link electronic databases, from year 2010 to 2020. Keywords used risk factor, gestational diabetes mellitus, family history, and cross-sectional. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The study population was pregnant women. Intervention was family history of diabetes mellitus with comparison no family history of diabetes mellitus. The study outcome was gestational diabetes mellitus. The collected articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed by random effect model using Revman 5.3. Results: 7 studies from Ethiopia, Malaysia, Philippines, Peru, Australia, and Tanzania were selected for this study. This study reported that family history of diabetes mellitus increased the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus 2.91 times than without family history (aOR= 2.91; 95% CI= 2.08 to 4.08; p<0.001). Conclusion: Family history of diabetes mellitus increases the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus, diabetes mellitus, family history Correspondence: Galuh Sitorukmi. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: galuh.sitorukmi1210@gmail.com. Mobile: 085799333013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.55

Kurnianingsih, Widya, Didik Gunawan Tamtomo, and Bhisma Murti. "Incomplete Medication Intake and Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.58.

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Background: Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a highest problem in the prevention and eradication of TB worldwide. MDR-TB exists in 27 countries where there are at least 6,800 MDR-TB cases annually and 12% of new TB cases registered are MDR TB. This study aimed to examine the effect of incomplete medication intake on the incidence of MDR TB. Subjects and Method: Meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted by collecting articles from Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Springer Link databases, from year 2010 to 2019. Keywords used “Risk Factor MDR TB” OR “Previous Treatment” AND “Multidrug resistant tuberculosis”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English language, using case control study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The study population was patients with Tuberculosis. The intervention was incomplete medication intake with comparison complete medication intake. The study outcome was multidrug resistant Tuberculosis. Collected articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. Quantitative data were analyzed by fixed effect model using Revman 5.3. Results: 6 studies from Taiwan, Bangladesh, Malaysia, and Ethiophia were selected for data analysis. This study reported that incomplete medication intake increased the risk of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (aOR= 14.33; 95% CI= 12.47 to 16.47; p<0.001). Conclusion: Incomplete medication intake increases the risk of multidrug resistant Tuberculosis. Keywords: incomplete medication intake, multidrug resistant tuberculosis Correspondence: Widya Kurnianingsih. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: widyakurnianingsih08@gmail.com. Mobile: 081556837033

Звіти організацій з теми "Ethiopia Population":

Research Institute, International Food Policy, and Ethiopian Development Research Institute. Population and Housing census atlas of Ethiopia 2007. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896299276.

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Girma, Woldemariam, and Annabel Erulkar. Commercial sex workers in five Ethiopian cities: A baseline survey for USAID Targeted HIV Prevention Program for most-at-risk populations. Population Council, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv1.1000.

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Mante, Ofei D. Sub-Saharan Africa Is Lighting Up: Uneven Progress on Electrification. RTI Press, November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.op.0056.1811.

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This research paper provides a regional review of the state of electricity access in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), focusing on installed capacity, electricity generation, the growth of renewable energy, electricity consumption, government investment, public financial flows, and several major initiatives. The study contrasts electrification between 1990 and 2010 with recent efforts and identifies countries that are consistently making progress and those that lag. The analyses show signs of progress on scaling up SSA power infrastructure and increasing electricity access, particularly in the Eastern and Western sub-regions. The installed generation capacity expanded at an average rate of 2.43 GW/year between 2005 and 2015. Renewable energy is growing, particularly solar, wind, and geothermal; about 9.7 GW of renewable energy capacity was installed between 2010 and 2016. Over this period, the net electricity generation in SSA increased at 9.1 TWh/year, more than double the historical average growth of 4.02 TWh/year (1990–2010). In general, the study found that rates of electrification across the entire region are more than twice the historical rates, and an average of at least 26 million people are now gaining access to electricity yearly. Nevertheless, progress is uneven across SSA. As of 2016, almost half of the population without electricity access live in Nigeria, DR Congo, Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Uganda. Quantitative analysis suggests that about 70 million people in SSA would have to gain access every year from 2017 to achieve universal access by 2030. Overall, SSA countries with national programs on energy access supported by policy/regulatory framework and infrastructure investment are making progress.