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Готові списки джерел за темами / Etudes in vitro et in vivo / Статті в журналах

Статті в журналах з теми "Etudes in vitro et in vivo"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 25 травня 2022

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1

CORPET, D. E. "Etude de l'écologie microbienne de l'intestin : modèles in vitro, in vivo et mathématiques." Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'OIE 8, no. 2 (June 1, 1989): 375–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/rst.8.2.407.

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2

Vivares, Christian P., Panayota Papayanni, and Jean-Marie Quiot. "Etude in vivo et in vitro de la pathogénicité de Hexamita nelsoni schlicht et mackin 1968, vis à vis des huîtres." Aquaculture 67, no. 1-2 (December 1987): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(87)90022-6.

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3

Mateo, J., L. Teisseire, B. Cholley, B. Teisseire, and D. Payen. "Prévention de l’atteinte vasculaire par l’hémoadsorption au cours du choc septique expérimental: Etude in vivo et in vitro." Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 12, no. 12 (1993): R223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0750-7658(16)30223-4.

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4

Cassar, I., and F. Bacou. "POLYMORPHISME DE L'ACETYL- ET DE LA BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE AU COURS DE LA DIFFERENCIATION EMBRYONNAIRE DES MUSCLES DE LAPIN: ETUDE IN VIVO ET IN VITRO." Reproduction Nutrition Développement 29, Suppl. 1 (1989): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rnd:19890727.

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5

Boureau, H., P. Bourlioux, C. Guichet, and M. B. Romond. "Anaerobies et resistance a la colonisation par C. difficile. Etude in vitro et in vivo des activités enzymatiques vis-à-vis des mucines intestinales." Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses 20 (December 1990): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-077x(05)80060-5.

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6

BERNARD, A., Mathilde FLEITH, Hélène CARLIER, and J. S. HUGON. "Etude « in vivo » et « in vitro » de l'absorption intestinale de l'acide oléique. Influence de la solubilisation des lipides par le taurocholate de sodium." Reproduction Nutrition Développement 26, no. 5B (1986): 1198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rnd:19860823.

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7

Lavisse, S., A. Paci, V. Rouffiac, P. Péronneau, P. Opolon, E. Fattal, A. Roche, and N. Lassau. "Caracterisation ultrasonore in vitro de microparticules de PLGA et etude preliminaire in vivo sur des tumeurs sous-cutanees de melanome B16 pour une application de produit de contraste ultrasonore." Journal de Radiologie 86, no. 10 (October 2005): 1406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0221-0363(05)75710-3.

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8

Lavisse, S., A. Paci, V. Rouffiac, P. Péronneau, P. Opolon, E. Fattal, A. Roche, and N. Lassau. "RECH6 Caracterisation ultrasonore in vitro de microparticules de PLGA et etude preliminaire in vivo sur des tumeurs sous-cutanees de melanome B16 pour une application de produit de contraste ultrasonore." Journal de Radiologie 86, no. 10 (October 2005): 1553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0221-0363(05)76269-7.

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9

Jacqueline, C., J. Caillon, and G. Potel. "Linézolide, données récentes expérimentales in vitro et in vivo." Antibiotiques 7, no. 4 (December 2005): 225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1294-5501(05)80455-8.

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10

Gouget, B., and J. Fonteneau. "Biocapteurs in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo et “point of care testing (POCT)”." Revue Française des Laboratoires 1997, no. 292 (April 1997): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0338-9898(97)80041-8.

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11

Acar, Niyazi, and Jean-Michel Lecerf. "Peroxydation in vivo et in vitro des acides gras polyinsaturés." Cahiers de Nutrition et de Diététique 42, no. 5 (November 2007): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-9960(07)73935-4.

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12

Wang, C., R. Zhao, B. Li, LY Gu, and H. Gou. "An in vivo and in vitro study." Human & Experimental Toxicology 35, no. 4 (June 15, 2015): 404–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327115591374.

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Danshen injection, a pharmaceutical dosage form of Danshen, has been widely used in the treatment of coronary heart diseases, myocardial infarction, and hypertension. With more and more adverse drug reactions linked with Danshen injection, its safety comes under suspicion. To evaluate its safety, mice were divided into four groups: vehicle, low-, middle-, and high-Danshen group, and each group was intravenously administered with Danshen injection at a dose of 0, 0.64, 1.55, and 5.76 g/kg/day for 5 days, respectively (the low dosage was the recommended clinical dosage, the middle dosage was the most commonly used higher dosage, and the high dosage was the highest dosage used in clinic). Peripheral vascular toxicity wasn’t observed in the low-dosage group, elevated serum endothelin-1 (ET-1) was observed in the middle-dosage group; and more peripheral vascular toxicities like increased vascular leakage, elevated serum nitrate and ET-1, and vascular endothelial cells apoptosis were detected in the high-dosage group. In vitro study, low-concentration Danshen injection showed protective effect to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), while high concentration displayed strong cytotoxic effects, including increase in nitric oxide and ET-1 production, inhibition of cell viability, and apoptosis induction. Further, the HUVECs’ apoptosis induced by high-concentration Danshen injection was found along with the induction of reactive oxygen species. In conclusion, these results suggest that Danshen injection is nontoxic in its recommended clinical dosage, and the 2.4-fold as the recommended clinical dosage might be the highest safety dosage in clinic treatment. In addition, Danshen injection is a potential vascular toxic drug in its high dosage and shouldn’t be used far beyond its recommended dosage in clinic treatment.

13

Sano, Naoto, Takashi Shibamoto, Yutaka Yoshimoto, Shin Sasaki, Ken-ichi Endo, Hiroyuki Tamura, Takashi Akiba, and Fumiaki Marumo. "In vitro and in vivo assessments of anti-ET contamination couplers." Nihon Toseki Igakkai Zasshi 34, no. 4 (2001): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4009/jsdt.34.257.

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14

JARDIN, A., V. IZARD, G. BENOIT, J. TESTART, Joëlle BELAISCH-ALLART, Monique VOLANTE, Armelle GAZENGEL, et al. "Fécondance in vivo et in vitro de spermatozoïdes épididymaires humains immatures." Reproduction Nutrition Développement 28, no. 5 (1988): 1375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rnd:19880818.

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15

Mallié, M., and S. Bertout. "Caspofungine et mycoses à champignons rares : activité in vitro et in vivo chez l’animal et chez l’homme." Journal de Mycologie Médicale 17, no. 1 (March 2007): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2006.12.006.

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16

COGNIE, Y., and G. BARIL. "Le point sur la production et le transfert d’embryons obtenus in vivo et in vitro chez la brebis et la chèvre." INRAE Productions Animales 15, no. 3 (June 15, 2002): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2002.15.3.3701.

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Анотація:

Cet article décrit les bases des techniques de production in vivo et in vitro des embryons ovins et caprins. Malgré les améliorations apportées à la technique, les limites de la production d’embryons in vivo sont précisées : variabilité de la réponse au traitement hormonal, fécondation difficile des femelles fortement superovulées, importance de la régression prématurée des corps jaunes chez la chèvre. Les nouvelles perspectives offertes par les ponctions répétées des ovocytes chez une même femelle, suivies de la production des embryons in vitro, sont présentées avec leurs limites actuelles et les recherches à mettre en œuvre pour les dépasser. Les progrès récents des techniques de transfert et de congélation des embryons devraient permettre dans le futur une plus grande utilisation du transfert embryonnaire dans les programmes d’éradication d’épizooties et d’amélioration génétique des petits ruminants.

17

Bonamin, Leoni V. "Homéopathie et infections expérimentales : expérimentations in vivo et in vitro sur des bactéries, des champignons et des protozoaires." La Revue d'Homéopathie 10, no. 4 (December 2019): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revhom.2019.10.019.

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18

Sansonetti, Philippe. "« Voir c’est croire» : imagerie in vitro et in vivo des processus infectieux." La lettre du Collège de France, no. 26 (June 1, 2009): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/lettre-cdf.144.

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19

Bonnet, J. J., H. Legros, Fr Janin, N. Dourmap, and J. Costentin. "Recherche d’une toxicité du 3,4-dihydroxyphénylacétaldéhyde (DOPAL) in vitro et in vivo." Annales Pharmaceutiques Françaises 62, no. 5 (September 2004): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4509(04)94321-0.

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20

Mouchard, F., A. C. De Boigrollier, P. Vera, and P. Bohn. "Étude in vitro et in vivo d’un nouveau traceur TEMP de l’apoptose." Médecine Nucléaire 37, no. 5 (May 2013): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mednuc.2013.03.142.

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21

Drugeon, H. B., and R. Garraffo. "Pharmacocinétique et pouvoir bactéricide du céfuroxime axétil : modèle in vitro/ex vivo." Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses 21 (September 1991): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-077x(05)80475-5.

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22

Aloulou, I., R. Bousoffara, M. Ben Khalifa, H. Ben Saad, J. F. Dessanges, Z. Tabka, and A. Zbidi. "Évaluation in vitro et in vivo d’une chambre d’inhalation fabriquée en Tunisie." Revue Française d'Allergologie et d'Immunologie Clinique 41, no. 6 (October 2001): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0335-7457(01)00069-7.

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23

Godet, E., B. Vasseur, and M. Sabut. "Essais de génotoxicité in vitro et in vivo applicables à l'environnement hydrique." Revue des sciences de l'eau 6, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 285–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705177ar.

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Cet article est une revue des essais in vitro et in vivo utilisés pour évaluer le caractère génotoxique des micropolluants des milieux environnementaux relatifs aux eaux continentales et marines, rejets liquides d'origine domestique, industrielle ou agricole, sédiments de rivières et boues de stations de traitement d'épuration. Les essais in vitro réalisés sur cellules eucaryotes ou procaryotes sont fondés sur la détection des mutations géniques et chromosomiques, ou la mesure des adduits à l'ADN. Ils constituent des systèmes d'épreuve miniaturisés qui requièrent des volumes d'échantillons faibles; ils se prêtent ainsi au dépistage à grande échelle de la génotoxicité et à l'étude des concentrats et des extraits préparés à partir des milieux contaminés. Ils sont cependant moins bien adaptés à la prédiction de l'impact des micropolluants sur l'environnement. La recherche de conditions d'essai plus proches de la réalité environnementale a conduit au développement des essais in vivo réalisés sur organismes supérieurs, mollusques, poissons ou amphibiens, qui évaluent un potentiel génotoxique à partir d'études cytogénétiques ou d'études du caryotype des organismes exposés. Les critères de génotoxicité étudiés in vitro peuvent être utilisés dans le cadre d'études écoépidémiologiques, sur le terrain, afin d'évaluer l'impact réel des micropolluants présents dans les milieux environnementaux sujets à des contaminations d'origines diverses.

24

Chamkhi, A., O. Seloi, A. Heintz, G. Toubeau, M. Lefranc, J. Peltier, C. Desenclos, et al. "Glioblastomes : spectroscopie in vivo et anatomopathologie in vitro pour le pronostic et le suivi du traitement." Journal of Neuroradiology 44, no. 2 (March 2017): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurad.2017.01.061.

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25

Phillips, Paddy A., John Risvanis, Kathryn Aldred, Louise M. Burrell, and Briony Bartholomeusz. "Differential Effects of a Novel Non-Peptide Endothelin Receptor Antagonist (Bosentan) in Rat Liver and Vasculature." Clinical Science 89, no. 6 (December 1, 1995): 575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0890575.

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1. We studied the effects of the non-selective, non-peptide, orally active endothelin (ET) receptor antagonist bosentan (Ro 47–0203) on rat hepatic and mesenteric vascular membrane 125I-ET-1 binding characteristics in vitro and ex vivo (after bosentan by gavage in vivo). 2. Bosentan caused a concentration-dependent competitive inhibition of 125I-ET-1 binding to female rat mesenteric vascular (predominantly ETA receptors) and hepatic (predominantly ETB receptors) membranes in vitro and ex viva 3. The time course of the inhibition of binding ex vivo after administration of bosentan in vivo was 1–4 h for mesenteric vascular (predominantly ETA receptors) binding and 1–16 h for hepatic (predominantly ETB receptors) binding. 4. The time course of displacement of 125I-ET-1 binding from mesenteric vascular and hepatic membranes by bosentan in vitro was similar. 5. Since bosentan is significantly excreted by the liver, the prolonged hepatic 125I-ET-1 binding by bosentan presumably represents hepatic accumulation of bosentan, which may have implications for bosentan antagonizing the actions of ET in the liver.

26

Bande, Omprakash, Darren Braddick, Stefano Agnello, Miyeon Jang, Valérie Pezo, Guy Schepers, Jef Rozenski, Eveline Lescrinier, Philippe Marlière, and Piet Herdewijn. "Correction: Base pairing involving artificial bases in vitro and in vivo." Chemical Science 7, no. 2 (2016): 1611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sc90070k.

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27

Betis, F., N. Cuburu, P. Gastaud, and P. Hofman. "La chlorhexidine induit in vivo et in vitro une nécrose des cellules épithéliales." Annales de Pathologie 24 (November 2004): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0242-6498(04)94126-0.

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28

Sapet, Cédric, Nicolas Laurent, Loïc Le Gourrierec, Séverine Augier, and Olivier Zelphati. "Magnétofection™ in vitro et in vivo: une voie vers la thérapie génique." Annales de biologie clinique 68, no. 2 (March 2010): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/abc.2010.0417.

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29

Yu, Jing, Hui Ye, Jiang Li, Ning Li, Zong-ming Shi, and Xue-zhi Zhang. "The Antibacterial Activity of Mass Galla Chinesis et Camelliae Fermentata on Helicobacter pylori Infection." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1491732.

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Mass Galla chinesis et camelliae Fermentata (Chinese gall leaven, CGL) was investigated for activities against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) both in vitro and in vivo. The agar dilution method and time-kill curves, as in vitro assays and an in vivo study using a Kunming mice model, were performed. CGL demonstrated a strong anti-Helicobacter pylori activity in vitro with the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against multiple H. pylori strains of 0.5~8 mg/ml and the decreasing trend time-kill curves when increasing CGL concentrations. H. pylori eradication rates in vivo were evaluated based on rapid urease test (RUT) and histopathologic criteria. Results revealed that the eradication rates in the CGL groups were 40% (4/10) in the high dosage group, 33% (4/11) in the medium dosage group, and 18% (2/11) in the low dosage group, with the difference between the high dosage and H. pylori control groups being significant (P=0.035). The H. pylori colonization scores could be reduced partly by CGL. These in vivo results demonstrated that CGL in a rationally high dosage might be the most effective.

30

Bigliani, V., and L. S. Pilowsky. "In vivo neuropharmacology of schizophrenia." British Journal of Psychiatry 174, S38 (May 1999): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000298085.

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Since the introduction of chlorpromazine in the 1950s, followed by the discovery (with in vitro receptor binding assays), in the mid-1970s, that antipsychotic drugs block a subtype of dopamine receptor (D2/D2-like) (Creese et al, 1976) and that affinity for these receptors appears to correlate directly with clinical potency for antipsychotics (Peroutka & Synder, 1980), the study of neurotransmitters and receptors has been a major target of schizophrenia research (Owens, 1996). In 1983, the first visualisation, by positron emission tomography (PET), of the binding of D2 dopamine receptors in the brain of a living human subject was reported (Wagner et al, 1983). Following this, the number of research studies using PET and single photon emission tomography (SPET) has increased enormously.

31

Montaudon, M., P. Caix, and F. Laurent. "Évaluation des surfaces de paroi et de lumière bronchiques par tomodensitométrie quantitative: validation in vitro et in vivo." Morphologie 91, no. 293 (July 2007): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2007.09.029.

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32

Boyer, G., S. Brédif, G. Bellemère, A. Moga, C. de Belilovsky, and C. Baudouin. "Caractérisation de la peau sèche du nouveau-né et de l’enfant par approches in vitro et in vivo." Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie 143, no. 12 (December 2016): S303—S304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annder.2016.09.455.

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33

Wood, C. D., A. H. Murray, A. R. Moss, and D. I. Givens. "Use of the gas production technique to investigate responses of supplementing low quality forages. 1. In vitro interactions." BSAP Occasional Publication 22 (1998): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x0003233x.

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Nitrogen-deficient fibrous crop residues are widely used as basal diets in less developed countries, particularly in dry seasons when alternative foods are often in short supply. One approach to improving animal performance on crop residue based diets is to include a supplement of improved quality food to provide fermentable protein and energy. There are no established in vitro methods for investigating interactions between foods but the in vitro gas production method shows promise in this regard (Prasad et al., 1994). This paper describes the interactions observed in vitro; an accompanying paper (Murray et al., 1998) describes in vivo responses to supplementation and relationships between in vitro and in vivo data.

34

FONTAINE, Emmanuel, Karine REYNAUD, Sandra THOUMIRE, Martine CHEBROUT, Laetitia FAURE, Vincent SEGALINI, and Sylvie CHASTANT-MAILLARD. "MICROENVIRONNEMENT TUBAIRE: RÔLE DANS LA MATURATION DES OVOCYTES CANINS IN VIVO ET IN VITRO." Bulletin de l'Académie vétérinaire de France, no. 1 (2009): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/47987.

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35

Pagniez, F., R. Guillon, C. Picot, F. Morio, C. Loge, and P. Le Pape. "Activité in vitro et in vivo de nouveaux dérives de l’albaconazole sur Candida spp." Journal de Mycologie Médicale 22, no. 1 (March 2012): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2011.12.062.

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36

Lavallard, V., S. Bonnafous, A. Bertola, R. Anty, M. Dahman, M. C. Saint-Paul, A. Iannelli, et al. "P220 Étude de l’autophagie dans la mort cellulaire hépatocytaire in vitro et in vivo." Diabetes & Metabolism 35 (March 2009): A79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1262-3636(09)72018-x.

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37

Ghelardini, Carla, Alessandro Bartolini, Nicoletta Galeotti, Elisabetta Teodori, and Fulvio Gualtieri. "S-(−)-ET 126: A potent and selectivE M1 antagonist in vitro and in vivo." Life Sciences 58, no. 12 (February 1996): 991–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(96)00047-1.

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38

Jang, Ji-Hye, Chang-Seob Seo, Hyekyung Ha, Su-Cheol Han, Mee-Young Lee, and Hyeun-Kyoo Shin. "Genotoxicity of Asiasari Radix et Rhizoma (Aristolochiaceae) ethanolic extract in vitro and in vivo." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 276 (August 2021): 114122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.114122.

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39

Kang, Bum-Yong, Jennifer M. Kleinhenz, Tamara C. Murphy та C. Michael Hart. "The PPARγ ligand rosiglitazone attenuates hypoxia-induced endothelin signaling in vitro and in vivo". American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 301, № 6 (грудень 2011): L881—L891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00195.2011.

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ activation attenuates hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) in mice. The current study examined the hypothesis that PPARγ attenuates hypoxia-induced endothelin-1 (ET-1) signaling to mediate these therapeutic effects. To test this hypothesis, human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) were exposed to normoxia or hypoxia (1% O2) for 72 h and treated with or without the PPARγ ligand rosiglitazone (RSG, 10 μM) during the final 24 h of exposure. HPAEC proliferation was measured with MTT assays or cell counting, and mRNA and protein levels of ET-1 signaling components were determined. To explore the role of hypoxia-activated transcription factors, selected HPAECs were treated with inhibitors of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α (chetomin) or nuclear factor (NF)-κB (caffeic acid phenethyl ester, CAPE). In parallel studies, male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (10% O2) for 3 wk with or without gavage with RSG (10 mg·kg−1·day−1) for the final 10 days of exposure. Hypoxia increased ET-1, endothelin-converting enzyme-1, and endothelin receptor A and B levels in mouse lung and in HPAECs and increased HPAEC proliferation. Treatment with RSG attenuated hypoxia-induced activation of HIF-1α, NF-κB activation, and ET-1 signaling pathway components. Similarly, treatment with chetomin or CAPE prevented hypoxia-induced increases in HPAEC ET-1 mRNA and protein levels. These findings indicate that PPARγ activation attenuates a program of hypoxia-induced ET-1 signaling by inhibiting activation of hypoxia-responsive transcription factors. Targeting PPARγ represents a novel therapeutic strategy to inhibit enhanced ET-1 signaling in PH pathogenesis.

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Muelling, Christoph KW, Ulrike Nebel, and Rya-Yvonne Wuestenberg. "Innovative in vitro and ex vivo models for studying bovine hoof biology." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2007 (April 2007): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200021694.

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Research into the biology and physiopathology of the bovine claw has become interdisciplinary employing epidemiology, cellular and molecular biology. Foot disorders in cattle are a global problem causing substantial economic losses to farmers. New hypotheses demonstrate possible links between systemic problems and local damage in the claw. Tissue explant and cell culture studies have already provided important insights into regulation of differentiation in healthy and diseased claw tissue (Hendry et al 1997, 2003; Nebel et al 2002, 2004). Detailed knowledge of the links between systemic events and the claw tissue as well as knowledge on the local regulatory cascades in response to metabolic and biomechanical challenges provide the key to understanding of the development of claw diseases. The development and experimental application of novel organotypic in vitro culture systems and an ex vivo isolated haemoperfused distal cow limb model (Wüstenberg 2004) was a major task and outcome of the EU framework 5 project Lamecow (http://www.abdn.ac.uk/lamecow).

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PICARD-HAGEN, N., V. GAYRARD, C. VIGUIE, V. LAROUTE, and P. ALAYRAC. "Absence d’efficacité de la quinacrine dans le traitement des maladies à prions : possible explication à caractère pharmacologique." INRAE Productions Animales 17, HS (June 8, 2020): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2004.17.hs.3634.

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En raison des incertitudes épidémiologiques relatives aux maladies à prions, il est urgent de découvrir et de développer des thérapeutiques anti-prions chez l’homme. L’efficacité des molécules candidates est essentiellement testée in vitro sur des cellules de neuroblastome. Pour plusieurs molécules, dont la quinacrine, il a été observé une discordance entre l’effet anti-prion in vitro et l’absence d’efficacité clinique dans le traitement de la maladie de Creutzfeldt-Jakob. Pour documenter l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’absence d’efficacité de la quinacrine était d’ordre pharmacocinétique (et donc prévisible), la disposition de la quinacrine (disparition de la quinacrine du compartiment sanguin, qui résulte par exemple de processus de distribution et d’élimination du principe actif) a été étudiée à la fois in vivo et in vitro afin de déterminer les doses qu’il conviendrait d’administrer in vivo pour obtenir des concentrations efficaces dans la biophase. Le modèle de brebis naturellement atteintes de tremblante a été utilisé. Dans un premier temps, un essai thérapeutique contrôlé sur des brebis en phase clinique de tremblante a permis de confirmer ce qui était connu chez l’homme, c’est-à-dire l’absence d’efficacité clinique de la quinacrine. Sur le modèle in vitro reproduisant les conditions princeps de culture pour lesquelles 50 % de l’effet anti-prion avait été observé, avec une concentration nominale de quinacrine de 300 nM (nanomoles par litre), nous avons redéterminé les EC50 (concentration qui permet d’inhiber à 50 % la formation de PrP pathogène) pour les biophases potentielles de l’action anti-prion en mesurant sélectivement, par HPLC (chromatographie liquide haute performance), les véritables concentrations extracellulaire (120 nM) et intracellulaire (6700 nM) de quinacrine dans les neuroblastomes en culture. Les concentrations de quinacrine dans le Liquide Cérébro-Spinal (LCS) et le tissu nerveux cérébral, représentatifs in vivo respectivement des biophases extracellulaire et intracellulaire, ont été mesurées chez la brebis après une administration de quinacrine. Les concentrations de quinacrine dans le liquide cérébro-spinal (< 2,1 nM et 55 nM, obtenues respectivement pour des doses thérapeutique et toxique) sont restées très inférieures aux concentrations nécessaires pour obtenir in vitro un effet antiprion (120 nM). Les concentrations totales de quinacrine dans le tissu nerveux (1040 nM) après une dose thérapeutique sont restées inférieures aux concentrations de quinacrine actives in vitro (6700 nM) et, seule une dose toxique de quinacrine a permis d’atteindre des concentrations intracellulaires actives (53800 nM). En définitive, quelle que soit la biophase intra- ou extracellulaire, les schémas posologiques non toxiques sont incapables de maintenir des concentrations antiprion efficaces de quinacrine. A l’avenir, pour éviter des études in vivo dont on peut prévoir d’emblée qu’elles sont vouées à l’échec, notamment chez l’homme, il est recommandé de mesurer les EC50 anti-prions dans les biophases in vitro, pour évaluer si les effets anti-prion observés in vitro sont extrapolables in vivo.

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Shelley, Michael L., Andrew J. Wagner, Saber M. Hussain, and Charles Bleckmann. "Modeling the In Vivo Case with In Vitro Nanotoxicity Data." International Journal of Toxicology 27, no. 5 (September 2008): 359–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10915810802503487.

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As more in vitro nanotoxicity data appear in the literature, these findings must be translated to in vivo effects to define nanoparticle exposure risk. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling has played a significant role in guiding and validating in vivo studies for molecular chemical exposure and can develop as a significant tool in guiding similar nanotoxicity studies. This study models the population dynamics of a single cell type within a specific tissue. It is the first attempt to model the in vitro effects of a nanoparticle exposure, in this case aluminum (80 nm) and its impact on a population of rat alveolar macrophages ( Wagner et al. 2007 , J. Phys. Chem. B 111:7353–7359). The model demonstrates how in vitro data can be used within a simulation setting of in vivo cell dynamics and suggests that PBPK models should be developed quickly to interpret nanotoxicity data, guide in vivo study design, and accelerate nanoparticle risk assessment.

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Hussain, A., and E. L. Miller. "Effect of feeding lactose on rumen metabolism in-vitro and in-vivo." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1998 (1998): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030822960003381x.

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Inclusion of lactose in dairy cow rations increases dry matter intake (DMI) and milk yield (Garnsworthy 1996). This may be due to the relatively slow rate of lactose fermentation ( Hussain and Miller, 1998) sustaining better regulation of rumen pH and also possible consequence for microbial protein synthesis (Chamberlain et al., 1993).This experiment was conducted to study the changes in rumen environment over the adaptation period and effect of these changes on the fermentation of lactose itself.Three Suffolk wethers (b.wt 56± 7.36 kg) maintained on hay and concentrate (600:400) were offered 50g lactose per day for 16 days. Rumen liquor collected on dayO (before offering lactose), 4, 8, 12 and 16 was used to measure gas production from sucrose and lactose ( Menke et al., 1979). On these days rumen samples were collected at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hrs after the morning feed. Rumen pH, ammonia N (NH3N) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were measured. At 8 hrs time rumen samples were also taken for protozoa enumeration. Data obtained were analysed using ANOVA procedure of Genstat 5.

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Hussain, A., and E. L. Miller. "Effect of feeding lactose on rumen metabolism in-vitro and in-vivo." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1998 (1998): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200598202.

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Inclusion of lactose in dairy cow rations increases dry matter intake (DMI) and milk yield (Garnsworthy 1996). This may be due to the relatively slow rate of lactose fermentation ( Hussain and Miller, 1998) sustaining better regulation of rumen pH and also possible consequence for microbial protein synthesis (Chamberlain et al., 1993).This experiment was conducted to study the changes in rumen environment over the adaptation period and effect of these changes on the fermentation of lactose itself.Three Suffolk wethers (b.wt 56± 7.36 kg) maintained on hay and concentrate (600:400) were offered 50g lactose per day for 16 days. Rumen liquor collected on dayO (before offering lactose), 4, 8, 12 and 16 was used to measure gas production from sucrose and lactose ( Menke et al., 1979). On these days rumen samples were collected at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hrs after the morning feed. Rumen pH, ammonia N (NH3 N) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were measured. At 8 hrs time rumen samples were also taken for protozoa enumeration. Data obtained were analysed using ANOVA procedure of Genstat 5.

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Joubert, Olivier. "Translocation des particules ultrafines à travers le placenta, une revue des résultats obtenus in vitro, ex vivo et in vivo." Environnement Risques Santé 20, no. 2 (April 2021): 207–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/ers.2021.1534.

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46

Frers, L., J. Hepburn, J. Mandriaza Munoz, J. Forsyth, and K. Strongman. "63 VITRIFICATION OF BOVINE IN VITRO-PRODUCED AND IN VIVO EMBRYOS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 21, no. 1 (2009): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv21n1ab63.

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There is increasing interest in vitrification as a method of cryopreserving bovine embryos, especially previously problematic embryos such as IVP and Jersey cattle embryos, which, it has been suggested, have lower tolerance to cryopreservation because of the high lipid content of the embryo interfering with water movement out of the cells. Jersey embryos were demonstrated to have lower pregnancy rates following cryopreservation compared with Holstein embryos [Steel R et al. 2004 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 16(Suppl. 2), 120 abst]. The first trial aimed to compare the subsequent pregnancy rate of vitrified and fresh in vitro-produced embryos. Embryos were produced by 9 Friesian cows through transvaginal recovery and in vitro production (IVP) over a 10-week period. The embryos produced during the first 6 weeks were all vitrified and warmed during the last 4-week period concurrent with the transfer of fresh embryos produced from the same donor cows at that time. Vitrification and warming were performed using a technique previously reported (Peachey B et al. 2005 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 17, 199 abst) using the CVM method (Lindemans W et al. 2004 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 16, 174 abst). All embryos were transferred by the same experienced technician into randomly assigned synchronized recipients of the same herd. All recipients were scanned for pregnancy 40 days after transfer. Data (Table 1) were compared by Fisher exact test and showedno significant difference (P = 0.761) between pregnancy rates of vitrified-warmed embryos and fresh embryos. This result demonstrates that vitrification is a valuable technique in cryopreservation of IVP embryos. In a second trial, pregnancy rates of in vivo-produced Jersey embryos after slow freezing and vitrification were compared. Embryos were flushed from 6 Jersey cows and randomly divided into 2 groups to be cryopreserved. The first group of 12 embryos (DT) were cryopreserved by slow freezing (0.3°C min–1 to –35°C) in 1.5 m ethylene glycol + 0.1 m sucrose. The second group of 12 embryos (VIT) were vitrified and warmed, using the same technique as described above. All embryos were transferred on the same day, by the same experienced technician, to randomly assigned recipient cows in the same herd. The pregnancy results for VIT were 7/12 (58%) and for DT were 4/12 (33%). The data were compared by logistic regression (Genstat v. 10, VSN International, Hemel Hempstead, UK) to account for donor effect, and no significant difference (P = 0.462) was found. It is proposed that the lack of significant difference may be due to the small numbers in the trial but that the results are promising enough to warrant further use and evaluation of this technique in the cryopreservation of Jersey cattle embryos. Table 1.Pregnancy rates of fresh v. vitrified/warmed IVP embryos

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Richard, C., S. Degrelle, V. Gelin, A. Neveux, P. Chavatte-Palmer, Y. Heyman, and I. Hue. "85 Elongation of trophoblastic vesicles between Days 15 and 18 in cattle." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 31, no. 1 (2019): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv31n1ab85.

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Once formed, bovine blastocysts differentiate while growing exponentially from 150-200μm (Days 7 or 8) to 200-250mm (Days 17 to 18; Sandra et al. 2017 Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci. 5, 205-228). Thus, the length of the conceptus doubles every day between Days 9 and 16 (Berg et al. 2010 Theriogenology 73, 250-260); however, this was observed on whole conceptuses. The objective of the current study was to test whether this elongation rate is similar when the embryonic disc has been excised. Six heifers were used to produce Day-15 conceptuses, either fully developed in vivo or developed in vivo for a week after embryo transfer of Day 8in vitro-produced blastocysts. Day 15 conceptuses were recovered, measured, and cut into pieces to produce trophoblastic vesicles (TV; Heyman et al. 1984 J. Reprod. Fertil. 70, 533-540) of 4±0.07 or 4.4±0.65mm long (mean±standard error of the means) for in vivo- or in vitro-produced TV, respectively. All TV were transferred into oestrus-synchronized recipients (5 heifers and 1 cow). Each female received 8-9 TV so that a total of 24in vivo-derived and 26in vitro-produced TV were transferred in utero for a period of 3 days. The TV originating from different Day-15 conceptuses were mixed at the time of transfer, so that each recipient received the TV from different origins (conceptus and donor cow). Transcervical collection was used at Day 15 and 18 for conceptus and TV recovery (Richard et al. 2015 Theriogenology 83, 1101-1109). At Day 18, TV elongation size was analysed (mean±standard error of the means) by unpaired t-test using GraphPad Prism software (GraphPad Inc., San Diego, CA, USA). At Day 15, conceptuses from the in vivo and in vitro groups displayed different sizes and length variabilities (24-32v. 2-24mm, respectively). At Day 18, TV recovery rate was 79% for the in vivo- v. 62% for the in vitro-derived group and mean elongation rate (over 3 days) was ×5.4 (minimum=2.5, maximum=10) v. ×7.6 (minimum=0.7, maximum=20.5), respectively. There was no significant difference for TV size between groups at Day 18 (21.75±2.24 mm v. 33.38±11.63mm, respectively). Altogether, the variability in length at Day 15 was previously reported, the difference in TV recovery between in vivo and in vitro groups reached 17% and was similar to the loss of 11% that occurs in the first week after classical embryo transfer. In opposition to studies where in vitro-produced conceptuses were shorter than in vivo-developed ones, in vivo and in vitro groups of TV likely followed similar growth. Whether this reflects a normal growth awaits further studies.

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Chambers, A. F., and S. Wilson. "Cells transformed with a ts viral src mutant are temperature sensitive for in vivo growth." Molecular and Cellular Biology 5, no. 4 (April 1985): 728–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.5.4.728.

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Studies on ts mutants of avian sarcoma viruses have previously implicated the src gene product (pp60src) kinase function in in vitro transformation. The role of src in vivo, however, has not been clearly defined. Using a sensitive and quantitative assay that was developed in chicken embryos (Chambers et al., Cancer Res. 42:4018-4025, 1982), we tested the in vivo tumorigenic properties of cells transformed with LA23, an avian sarcoma virus that is temperature sensitive for in vitro transformation. We found that the in vivo growth ability of these cells was temperature sensitive and that this in vivo behavior correlated with the in vitro transformation behavior (growth in soft agar and saturation density).

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Chambers, A. F., and S. Wilson. "Cells transformed with a ts viral src mutant are temperature sensitive for in vivo growth." Molecular and Cellular Biology 5, no. 4 (April 1985): 728–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.5.4.728-733.1985.

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Studies on ts mutants of avian sarcoma viruses have previously implicated the src gene product (pp60src) kinase function in in vitro transformation. The role of src in vivo, however, has not been clearly defined. Using a sensitive and quantitative assay that was developed in chicken embryos (Chambers et al., Cancer Res. 42:4018-4025, 1982), we tested the in vivo tumorigenic properties of cells transformed with LA23, an avian sarcoma virus that is temperature sensitive for in vitro transformation. We found that the in vivo growth ability of these cells was temperature sensitive and that this in vivo behavior correlated with the in vitro transformation behavior (growth in soft agar and saturation density).

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Dieguez, G., J. L. Garcia, N. Fernandez, A. L. Garcia-Villalon, L. Monge, and B. Gomez. "Cerebrovascular and coronary effects of endothelin-1 in the goat." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 263, no. 4 (October 1, 1992): R834—R839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1992.263.4.r834.

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In vivo and in vitro effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on cerebral and coronary vasculature of goats were examined and compared. In six anesthetized goats intravenous injections of ET-1 (0.1-0.8 nmol) increased arterial pressure, did not change the middle cerebral (MCA) and left anterior descending or left circumflex coronary (LCC) arterial blood flows (electromagnetically measured), and increased cerebral and coronary vascular resistances. In four other anesthetized goats intra-arterial injections of ET-1 (0.01-0.3 nmol) decreased the MCA flow less than the LCC flow (maximal reduction was 20 and 80%, respectively) and only the highest dose increased arterial pressure. In isolated segments from large arteries ET-1 (10(-11) to 10(-7) M) caused concentration-dependent isometric contractions, the concentration causing 50% of the maximal effect and the maximal contraction being lower in cerebral arteries than in coronary arteries. The in vitro reactivity of both arteries was unaffected by endothelium removal or by indomethacin (10(-5) M). Therefore ET-1 produces cerebral and coronary vasoconstriction in vivo and in vitro, probably by acting directly on vascular musculature. Although the sensitivity is higher in isolated cerebral arteries than in coronary arteries, the reactivity in vivo could be lower in the cerebral circulation than in the coronary circulation to this endothelium-derived peptide.