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Статті в журналах з теми "Healthy voice-hearers":
1
Daalman, K., I. E. C. Sommer, E. M. Derks, and E. R. Peters. "Cognitive biases and auditory verbal hallucinations in healthy and clinical individuals." Psychological Medicine 43, no. 11 (March 1, 2013): 2339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291713000275.
Анотація:
BackgroundSeveral cognitive biases are related to psychotic symptoms, including auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH). It remains unclear whether these biases differ in voice-hearers with and without a ‘need-for-care’.MethodA total of 72 healthy controls, 72 healthy voice-hearers and 72 clinical voice-hearers were compared on the Cognitive Biases Questionnaire for psychosis (CBQp), which assesses ‘intentionalizing’, ‘jumping to conclusions’, ‘catastrophizing’, ‘dichotomous thinking’ and ‘emotional reasoning’ in vignettes characterized by two themes, ‘threatening events’ and ‘anomalous perceptions’.ResultsHealthy voice-hearers scored intermediately on total CBQp between the control and clinical groups, differing significantly from both. However, on four out of five biases the scores of the healthy voice-hearers were comparable with those of the healthy controls. The only exception was ‘emotional reasoning’, on which their scores were comparable with the clinical group. Healthy voice-hearers demonstrated fewer biases than the psychotic patients on the ‘threatening events’, but not the ‘anomalous perceptions’, vignettes. CBQp scores were related to both cognitive and emotional, but not physical, characteristics of voices.ConclusionsMost cognitive biases prevalent in clinical voice-hearers, particularly with threatening events themes, are absent in healthy voice-hearers, apart from emotional reasoning which may be specifically related to the vulnerability to develop AVH. The association between biases and both beliefs about voices and distress/emotional valence is consistent with the close links between emotions and psychotic phenomena identified by cognitive models of psychosis. The absence of reasoning biases might prevent the formation of threatening appraisals about anomalous experiences, thereby reducing the likelihood of distress and ‘need for care’.
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Goller, Lisa, Michael Schwartze, Ana Pinheiro, and Sonja Kotz. "M52. VOICES IN THE HEAD: AUDITORY VERBAL HALLUCINATIONS (AVH) IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S153—S154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.364.
Анотація:
Abstract Background Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are conscious sensory experiences occurring in the absence of external stimulation. AVH are experienced by 75% of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and can manifest in other neuropsychiatric disorders. However, AVH are also reported amongst healthy individuals. This implies that hearing voices is not necessarily linked to psychopathology. Amongst voice hearers, the likelihood of AVH seems to reflect individual differences in hallucination proneness (HP). The HP construct allows placing individuals on a psychosis continuum ranging from non-clinical to clinical experiences. Clinical voice hearers tend to misattribute internal events to external sources (externalization bias). Specifically, they seem to experience altered sensory feedback in response to self-initiated stimuli: Although more predictable, clinical voice hearers show similar, neurophysiological responses in reaction to self-initiated vs. externally presented stimuli. EEG studies suggest that this aberrance of prediction is associated with diminished N1-suppression effects that are observed in healthy individuals in response to self-initiated stimuli. Accordingly, clinical voice hearers may have problems differentiating between self-initiated and externally generated speech, potentially leading to externalization of their own speech. In line with this proposal, the current study focusses on non-clinical aspects of the psychosis continuum in healthy voice hearers and controls. This approach avoids confounding factors (medication, disease onset/duration etc.) that typically impede comparisons of clinical and non-clinical voice hearers. By utilizing insights on prediction from the forward model concept within the auditory-sensory domain, we want to investigate how N1-amplitudes in reaction to one’s own or someone else’s voice are modulated as a function of HP. Next to ascertaining the mechanism behind AVH, this research could give direction to identifying risk factors that potentiate the emergence of first-incidence psychosis. Methods HP was assessed by means of the Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale. Each participant’s voice was recorded prior to EEG data acquisition (monosyllabic utterances, “ah” & “oh”, duration = 500 ms). Voice stimuli were morphed with an anchor voice, so that voice identity could be alternated from self- to other-voice (0%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 100%). To contrast neurophysiological responses between self- vs. externally generated voice stimuli, a well-established motor-to-auditory paradigm was used: In a motor-to-auditory condition (MAC) participants were prompted to press a button, thereby eliciting a voice stimulus (self-initiation). In an auditory-only condition (AOC), participants were prompted to passively listen to the voice stimulus (external generation). The motor-only condition (MOC), in which participants executed the button press only, served as a control condition to correct for motor activity in MAC. Results Data from 38 participants replicate the classical N1-suppression effects for self-initiated vs. externally generated self-voice stimuli. This pattern of suppression is also visible for other-voice stimuli. Furthermore, current findings seem to replicate reversed N1-suppression for self-voice in individuals with high HP. Discussion Preliminary findings suggest that HP modulates voice identity processing. More specifically, HP determines how voice stimuli are processed within the internal and external domain. Particularly, individuals with high HP show a reversal of N1-suppression for self-voice stimuli, which corroborates the external biasing hypothesis.
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Jacobsen, Pamela, Emmanuelle Peters, Thomas Ward, Philippa A. Garety, Mike Jackson, and Paul Chadwick. "Overgeneral autobiographical memory bias in clinical and non-clinical voice hearers." Psychological Medicine 49, no. 1 (March 14, 2018): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291718000570.
Анотація:
AbstractBackgroundHearing voices can be a distressing and disabling experience for some, whilst it is a valued experience for others, so-called ‘healthy voice-hearers’. Cognitive models of psychosis highlight the role of memory, appraisal and cognitive biases in determining emotional and behavioural responses to voices. A memory bias potentially associated with distressing voices is the overgeneral memory bias (OGM), namely the tendency to recall a summary of events rather than specific occasions. It may limit access to autobiographical information that could be helpful in re-appraising distressing experiences, including voices.MethodsWe investigated the possible links between OGM and distressing voices in psychosis by comparing three groups: (1) clinical voice-hearers (N = 39), (2) non-clinical voice-hearers (N = 35) and (3) controls without voices (N = 77) on a standard version of the autobiographical memory test (AMT). Clinical and non-clinical voice-hearers also completed a newly adapted version of the task, designed to assess voices-related memories (vAMT).ResultsAs hypothesised, the clinical group displayed an OGM bias by retrieving fewer specific autobiographical memories on the AMT compared with both the non-clinical and control groups, who did not differ from each other. The clinical group also showed an OGM bias in recall of voice-related memories on the vAMT, compared with the non-clinical group.ConclusionsClinical voice-hearers display an OGM bias when compared with non-clinical voice-hearers on both general and voices-specific recall tasks. These findings have implications for the refinement and targeting of psychological interventions for psychosis.
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Xanthate Duggirala, Suvarnalata, Michael Schwartze, Therese Van Amelsvoort, David E. J. Linden, Ana Pinheiro, and Sonja Kotz. "M53. EMOTIONAL SELF-VOICE PROCESSING AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH HALLUCINATORY PRONENESS." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.365.
Анотація:
Abstract Background Sensory brain areas typically reduce their activity when we speak, allowing us to differentiate our own from someone else’s speech. Similarly, the amplitude of the N100 component of the EEG event-related potential in response to own speech is smaller than for passive listening to own or someone else’s speech. This amplitude suppression effect seems to be altered in voice hearers, which in turn could result in source misattribution (e.g., self-produced voice attributed to an external source). Emotion in speech can have a comparable effect, altering not only self-voice processing but also differentiation of the quality of auditory hallucinations in clinical and non-clinical voice hearers. For example, unlike in non-clinical voice hearers, auditory hallucinations in clinical voice hearers are usually derogatory in content and negatively affect daily functioning. Recent research strongly suggests that clinical and non-clinical voice hearers lie on a continuum ranging from low to high hallucinatory proneness. Based on this notion, the present study used EEG to investigate the effects of manipulations of self-voice quality in self-generated and passively listened-to self-voice as a function of hallucinatory proneness (HP) in healthy young adults. This is the first EEG study that examined the interplay of sensory suppression, emotion, and HP in a non-clinical population. Methods Participants varying in HP (according to the Launay Slade Hallucination Scale) participated in a standardized button-press task to elicit their own voice (compared to passively listening to it) in which the self-voice changed stepwise from fully neutral to fully emotional. The experimental task comprised three conditions: motor-to-auditory (MA), where the button-press generated the voice, auditory only (AO), where the voice was presented without the button press, and motor only (MO-a control condition to remove the motor related artifacts from the MA condition), where the button press did not generate the voice. Neutral and angry self-voice (single syllable ‘ah’ and ‘oh’ vocalizations of 500 ms duration) were recorded for each participant before the EEG acquisition. These voices were morphed to generate a neutral to angry continuum consisting of five stimuli ranging from fully neutral to fully angry: 100% neutral, 60-40% neutral-angry, 50-50% neutral-angry and 40–60% neutral-angry and 100% angry. Results Preliminary results with 17 participants show a significant effect of emotional self-voice quality on N1 suppression effect, with a larger suppression effect for the 100% angry as compared to 100% neutral self-voice. On the other hand, 60-40% neutral-angry, 50-50% neutral-angry and 40–60% neutral-angry self-voice show an enhancement effect. Furthermore, the results show a significant interaction of HP and voice quality on N1 suppression effect such that high HP showed no N1 suppression effect for the 100% neutral self-voice and an enhanced N1 effect when emotional quality of the self-voice increased. Discussion These data suggest that participants perceive the manipulations in the self-voice quality such that they recognize their own fully neutral and angry voice depicted by N100 suppression effect. Similarly, an N100 enhancement effect for 50-50% neutral-angry voice suggest that it is perceived as the most uncertain or peculiar of all the stimuli. Further, low and high HP show difference in N100 suppression effect for different voices, suggesting that HP may alter self-voice processing and these alterations are enhanced for emotional self-voice. This further supports the fact that abnormal perceptual experiences in voice hearers are higher when auditory hallucinations are emotional in nature.
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Baumeister, David, Thomas Ward, Philippa Garety, Mike Jackson, Craig Morgan, Monica Charalambides, Paul Chadwick, Oliver Howes, and Emmanuelle Peters. "Need for care, adversity exposure and perceived stress in clinical and healthy voice-hearers – Corrigendum." Psychological Medicine 51, no. 11 (April 5, 2021): 1959. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291721000696.
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Di Biase, Maria Angelique, Fan Zhang, Amanda Lyall, Marek Kubicki, René C. W. Mandl, Iris E. Sommer, and Ofer Pasternak. "Neuroimaging auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia patient and healthy populations." Psychological Medicine 50, no. 3 (February 14, 2019): 403–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291719000205.
Анотація:
AbstractBackgroundAuditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are a cardinal feature of schizophrenia, but they can also appear in otherwise healthy individuals. Imaging studies implicate language networks in the generation of AVH; however, it remains unclear if alterations reflect biologic substrates of AVH, irrespective of diagnostic status, age, or illness-related factors. We applied multimodal imaging to identify AVH-specific pathology, evidenced by overlapping gray or white matter deficits between schizophrenia patients and healthy voice-hearers.MethodsDiffusion-weighted and T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were acquired in 35 schizophrenia patients with AVH (SCZ-AVH), 32 healthy voice-hearers (H-AVH), and 40 age- and sex-matched controls without AVH. White matter fractional anisotropy (FA) and gray matter thickness (GMT) were computed for each region comprising ICBM-DTI and Desikan–Killiany atlases, respectively. Regions were tested for significant alterations affecting both SCZ-AVH and H-AVH groups, relative to controls.ResultsCompared with controls, the SCZ-AVH showed widespread FA and GMT reductions; but no significant differences emerged between H-AVH and control groups. While no overlapping pathology appeared in the overall study groups, younger (<40 years) H-AVH and SCZ-AVH subjects displayed overlapping FA deficits across four regions (p < 0.05): the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum, as well as the anterior limbs of the internal capsule. Analyzing these regions with free-water imaging ascribed overlapping FA abnormalities to tissue-specific anisotropy changes.ConclusionsWe identified white matter pathology associated with the presence of AVH, independent of diagnostic status. However, commonalities were constrained to younger and more homogenous groups, after reducing pathologic variance associated with advancing age and chronicity effects.
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Sapey, Bob, and Peter Bullimore. "Listening to voice hearers." Journal of Social Work 13, no. 6 (February 21, 2013): 616–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017312475278.
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England, Margaret. "COGNITIVE INTERVENTION FOR VOICE HEARERS." Issues in Mental Health Nursing 27, no. 7 (January 2006): 735–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01612840600781139.
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Romme, Marius. "Listening to the Voice Hearers." Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 36, no. 9 (September 1998): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0279-3695-19980901-18.
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Powers, Albert R., Laura I. van Dyck, Jane R. Garrison, and Philip R. Corlett. "Paracingulate Sulcus Length Is Shorter in Voice-Hearers Regardless of Need for Care." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, no. 6 (May 20, 2020): 1520–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa067.
Анотація:
Abstract Hallucinations—while often considered an indication of mental illness—are commonly experienced by those without a need for clinical care. These nonclinical voice-hearers offer an opportunity to investigate hallucinations in the absence of confounds inherent to the clinical state. Recent work demonstrates an association between auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) and structural variability in paracingulate sulcus (PCS) of medial prefrontal cortex in a clinical population. However, before PCS length may be considered a biomarker for clinical hallucination risk, it is necessary to investigate PCS structure in a nonclinical population of voice-hearers with AVH phenomenology similar to those of their clinical counterparts. In the current study, PCS length was measured from T1-weighted structural MRI scans of four groups of participants: (1) voice-hearers with a psychotic disorder (n = 15); (2) voice-hearers without a psychotic disorder (n = 15); (3) nonvoice-hearers with a psychotic disorder (n = 14); and (4) nonvoice-hearers without a psychotic disorder (n = 15). There was a main effect of AVH status—but not psychosis—on right PCS length, with no interaction of AVH and psychosis. Participants with AVH exhibited reduced right PCS length compared to participants without AVH (mean reduction = 8.8 mm, P < 0.05). While past studies have demonstrated decreased PCS length in clinical voice-hearers, ours is the first demonstration that shorter right PCS extends to nonclinical voice-hearers. Our findings support the hypothesis that differences in PCS length are related to the propensity to hear voices and not to illness, consistent with a continuum model of voice-hearing.
Дисертації з теми "Healthy voice-hearers":
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Fogarty, Laura M. "A Phenomenological Exploration of Clinicians' Approaches to Working with People who Hear Voices." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1631523889685913.
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Higginbotham, Andrew. "Construal of self in voice hearers who use mental health services." Thesis, University of East London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532439.
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Sterrett, A. E. "A matter of trust : how voice hearers experience communication with health professionals." Thesis, University of East London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532864.
Анотація:
Communication between health professionals (HPs) and voice hearers (VHs) concerning the interpretation of voices has received little attention. The present study attempts to address this gap in the existing literature. It is known that various approaches are taken by HPs towards VHs and that the dominant model used within the National Health Service (NHS) is the medical model. The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence guidelines (2002) recommend that VHs be offered psychotherapeutic interventions but remain dominated by recommendations concerning medication. The aim of this study is to examine how VHs have experienced communication with HPs for their voices in a context where different perspectives may be adopted. Five VHs (two female and three male) were recruited from a Community Mental Health Team and its associated psychiatric ward and were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. A discursively informed variant of interpretative phenomenological analysis (lPA) was used to analyse the data. Four main themes emerged from the analysis. Theme (1) 'making sense of the voices' demonstrated that participants drew upon a variety of theories when interpreting their voices, had positive and negative experiences of voice hearing and varying degrees of acceptance of their voices. Theme (2) 'separation and inclusion' highlighted that some participants separated themselves from other VHs and the concept of mental illness whilst others valued similarities with others and viewed mental illness as part of themselves. Theme (3) 'interaction with HPs' showed that communication with HPs was chiefly experienced negatively but could be positive and the issue of trust impacted greatly on this. Theme (4) 'impact of intervention with HPs' revealed that medication and psychotherapy were evaluated both positively and negatively by participants. These findings are discussed in relation to relevant literature, clinical implications are explored and areas for further research are identified.
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McMullan, Elaine Catherine. "Experiences of staff working with voice hearers in acute mental health : an interpretative phenomenological approach." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8066/.
Анотація:
Introduction: Staff in acute mental health settings work with voice hearers at times of crises, when experiencing high levels of distress. Research has demonstrated the importance of exploring the subjective experiences of voice hearing yet there has been little focus on staff experiences of working with voice hearers. The present study therefore sought to explore staff experiences of working with voice hearers in an acute mental health service. Method: Eight staff members (three mental health nurses and five healthcare support workers) from one acute mental health hospital were interviewed about their experiences of working with voice hearers. These interviews were transcribed and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Individual analyses were conducted for each participant before conducting a group analysis. Results: Three master themes and seven super-ordinate themes were identified from the group analysis. Participants described ‘struggling to exercise control’ in their work with voice hearers, moving from positions of ‘powerlessness’ to ‘feeling powerful’. Participants experienced the ‘emotional impact of the work’ to different intensities, often going through an initial ‘startling phase’ and transitioning to feelings of ‘performance anxiety and self-doubt’. ‘Ways of managing feeling overwhelmed’ were described including going through a ‘process of making sense’, ‘forming relationships’ with voice hearers and feeling a ‘sense of duty and responsibility’. Discussion: The present findings relate to power literature and previous research on empowerment and control in mental health services. A parallel process was identified between voice hearers and staff, both experiencing an initial ‘startling phase’ but transitioning to an ‘organisational phase’ where they make sense of their experiences. The research findings were also consistent with previous studies demonstrating staff anxiety around opening up conversations about the content of voices, highlighting staff training and support needs.
Частини книг з теми "Healthy voice-hearers":
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Romme, Marius. "Rehabilitating voice-hearers." In Mental Health Matters: A Reader, 326–32. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25209-1_40.
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Austin, Rosalind. "Values-Based Practice When Engaging with Voice-Hearers." In International Perspectives in Values-Based Mental Health Practice, 297–304. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47852-0_34.
Анотація:
AbstractThis chapter explores the values issues arising in voice-hearing through the resources of a new skills-based approach to working with values called values-based practice. The chapter is focused on the experiences of two voice-hearers, Paul and Mary, so as to highlight the diversity of ways that people experience voice-hearing, and how a correspondingly nuanced way of supporting voice-hearers is needed. It employs an inclusive definition of values covering anything that matters or is important to the person concerned. The chapter demonstrates that values-based practice in voice-hearing supports shared decision-making when working with values challenges in health care. Both Paul’s and Mary’s stories offer illustrations of the complex and sometimes conflicting values associated with voice-hearing.
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Lefebvre, Andrea D., Richard W. Sears, and Jennifer M. Ossege. "Use of Group Process to Foster Healthy Attachments." In Group Therapy for Voice Hearers, 97–109. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315145914-7.