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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "HiL (human in the Loop)"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 22 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "HiL (human in the Loop)":

1

Avdic, Selmir, Brian P. McSharry, Megan Steain, Emma Poole, John Sinclair, Allison Abendroth, and Barry Slobedman. "Human Cytomegalovirus-Encoded Human Interleukin-10 (IL-10) Homolog Amplifies Its Immunomodulatory Potential by Upregulating Human IL-10 in Monocytes." Journal of Virology 90, no. 8 (January 20, 2016): 3819–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.03066-15.

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ABSTRACTThe human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) gene UL111A encodes cytomegalovirus-encoded human interleukin-10 (cmvIL-10), a homolog of the potent immunomodulatory cytokine human interleukin 10 (hIL-10). This viral homolog exhibits a range of immunomodulatory functions, including suppression of proinflammatory cytokine production and dendritic cell (DC) maturation, as well as inhibition of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II. Here, we present data showing that cmvIL-10 upregulates hIL-10, and we identify CD14+monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages and DCs as major sources of hIL-10 secretion in response to cmvIL-10. Monocyte activation was not a prerequisite for cmvIL-10-mediated upregulation of hIL-10, which was dose dependent and controlled at the transcriptional level. Furthermore, cmvIL-10 upregulated expression of tumor progression locus 2 (TPL2), which is a regulator of the positive hIL-10 feedback loop, whereas expression of a negative regulator of the hIL-10 feedback loop, dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1), remained unchanged. Engagement of the hIL-10 receptor (hIL-10R) by cmvIL-10 led to upregulation of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), an enzyme linked with suppression of inflammatory responses, and this upregulation was required for cmvIL-10-mediated upregulation of hIL-10. We also demonstrate an important role for both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and STAT3 in the upregulation of HO-1 and hIL-10 by cmvIL-10. In addition to upregulating hIL-10, cmvIL-10 could exert a direct immunomodulatory function, as demonstrated by its capacity to upregulate expression of cell surface CD163 when hIL-10 was neutralized. This study identifies a mechanistic basis for cmvIL-10 function, including the capacity of this viral cytokine to potentially amplify its immunosuppressive impact by upregulating hIL-10 expression.IMPORTANCEHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a large, double-stranded DNA virus that causes significant human disease, particularly in the congenital setting and in solid-organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. A prominent feature of HCMV is the wide range of viral gene products that it encodes which function to modulate host defenses. One of these is cmvIL-10, which is a homolog of the potent immunomodulatory cytokine human interleukin 10 (hIL-10). In this study, we report that, in addition to exerting a direct biological impact, cmvIL-10 upregulates the expression of hIL-10 by primary blood-derived monocytes and that it does so by modulating existing cellular pathways. This capacity of cmvIL-10 to upregulate hIL-10 represents a mechanism by which HCMV may amplify its immunomodulatory impact during infection.
2

Insam, Christina, Lisa-Marie Ballat, Felix Lorenz, and Daniel Jean Rixen. "Hardware-in-the-Loop Test of a Prosthetic Foot." Applied Sciences 11, no. 20 (October 13, 2021): 9492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11209492.

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For a targeted development process of foot prostheses, a profound understanding of the dynamic interaction between humans and prostheses is necessary. In engineering, an often employed method to investigate the dynamics of mechanical systems is Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL). This study conducted a fundamental investigation of whether HiL could be an applicable method to study the dynamics of an amputee wearing a prosthesis. For this purpose, a suitable HiL setup is presented and the first-ever HiL test of a prosthetic foot performed. In this setup, the prosthetic foot was tested on the test bench and coupled in real-time to a cosimulation of the amputee. The amputee was modeled based on the Virtual Pivot Point (VPP) model, and one stride was performed. The Center of Mass (CoM) trajectory, the Ground Reaction Forces (GRFs), and the hip torque were qualitatively analyzed. The results revealed that the basic gait characteristics of the VPP model can be replicated in the HiL test. Still, there were several limitations in the presented HiL setup, such as the limited actuator performance. The results implied that HiL may be a suitable method for testing foot prostheses. Future work will therefore investigate whether changes in the gait pattern can be observed by using different foot prostheses in the HiL test.
3

Damacharla, Praveen, Parashar Dhakal, Jyothi Priyanka Bandreddi, Ahmad Y. Javaid, Jennie J. Gallimore, Colin Elkin, and Vijay K. Devabhaktuni. "Novel Human-in-the-Loop (HIL) Simulation Method to Study Synthetic Agents and Standardize Human–Machine Teams (HMT)." Applied Sciences 10, no. 23 (November 25, 2020): 8390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10238390.

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This work presents a multi-year study conducted at the University of Toledo, aimed at improving human–machine teaming (HMT) methods and technologies. With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) in 21st-century machines, collaboration between humans and machines has become highly complicated for real-time applications. The penetration of intelligent and synthetic assistants (IA/SA) in virtually every field has opened up a path to the area of HMT. When it comes to crucial tasks such as patient treatment/care, industrial production, and defense, the use of non-standardized HMT technologies may pose a risk to human lives and cost billions of taxpayer dollars. A thorough literature survey revealed that there are not many established standards or benchmarks for HMT. In this paper, we propose a method to design an HMT based on a generalized architecture. This design includes the development of an intelligent collaborative system and the human team. Followed by the identification of processes and metrics to test and validate the proposed model, we present a novel human-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation method. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated using two controlled HMT scenarios: Emergency care provider (ECP) training and patient treatment by an experienced medic. Both scenarios include humans processing visual data and performing actions that represent real-world applications while responding to a Voice-Based Synthetic Assistant (VBSA) as a collaborator that keeps track of actions. The impact of various machines, humans, and HMT parameters is presented from the perspective of performance, rules, roles, and operational limitations. The proposed HIL method was found to assist in standardization studies in the pursuit of HMT benchmarking for critical applications. Finally, we present guidelines for designing and benchmarking HMTs based on the case studies’ results analysis.
4

Ferraresi, Carlo, Daniela Maffiodo, Walter Franco, Giovanni Gerardo Muscolo, Carlo De Benedictis, Maria Paterna, Oliviero Walter Pica, et al. "Hardware-In-the-Loop Equipment for the Development of an Automatic Perturbator for Clinical Evaluation of Human Balance Control." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (December 12, 2020): 8886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248886.

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Nowadays, increasing attention is being paid to techniques aimed at assessing a subject’s ability to maintain or regain control of balance, thus reducing the risk of falls. To this end, posturographic analyses are performed in different clinical settings, both in unperturbed and perturbed conditions. This article presents a new Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) equipment designed for the development of an automatic perturbator for postural control analysis, capable of providing controlled mechanical stimulation by means of an impulsive force exerted on a given point of the body. The experimental equipment presented here includes the perturbator and emulates its interaction with both the subject’s body and the operator performing the test. The development of the perturbator and of the entire HIL equipment is described, including component selection, modeling of the entire system, and experimentally verified simulations used to study and define the most appropriate control laws.
5

Amit, Inbar, Itay Levin, Timothy Wyant, Natalie Levitin, Reut Barak, May Ben-Mayor, Olga Bluvshtein, et al. "704 The computationally designed human antibody, AU-007, mediates human immune activation by endogenous IL-2, while uniquely breaking the IL-2 auto-inhibitory loop and preventing Treg expansion." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, Suppl 2 (November 2021): A732—A734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.704.

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BackgroundIL-2 binds two forms of IL-2 receptor: a high affinity trimeric receptor composed of CD25, CD122, and CD132, and a low affinity dimeric receptor composed of CD122 and CD132. Binding to the dimeric receptors, expressed on effector cells, causes expansion of the effector arm of the immune system including CD8 T-cells, NK-cells and NKT-cells. Binding to the trimeric receptor, expressed on Tregs as well as on pulmonary and vascular epithelium, results in expansion of Treg cells and Vascular Leak Syndrome, both are undesired outcomes of high-dose recombinant IL-2 (Aldesleukin), approved for treatment of Melanoma and Renal-Cell-Carcinoma.MethodsFlow-cytometry analysis of immune-cell populations of C57BL/6 mice and hPBMCs. Tumor-Growth-Index of murine cancer models.ResultsAU-007, is a computationally designed human antibody that bind the CD25-binding portion on IL-2, preventing binding of IL-2 to the trimeric receptor, but not the dimeric receptor. This leads to immune effector activation while also preventing the Treg expansion via the autoinhibitory loop caused by endogenous IL-2 secreted from activated T effector cells (figure 1). AU-007 binds human IL-2 with picomolar affinity and has excellent biophysical properties with low potential for anti-drug immunogenicity (figure 2). Administration of an AU-007/low dose hIL-2 complex to non-tumor bearing C57BL/6 mice promoted proliferation of effector cells with no effect on Tregs (figure 3). Additionally, an AU-007/low dose hIL-2 complex was highly effective in inhibiting tumor progression in a syngeneic B16F10 melanoma model (figure 4). pSTAT5 analysis of hPBMCs incubated with AU-007 and hIL-2 demonstrated activation of the effector cells and inhibition of Tregs expansion (figure 5). hPBMCs activated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 and treated with either AU-007 or an isotype control antibody but without exogenous IL-2, showed expansion of effector cells. However, while the isotype control antibody expanded also Tregs , AU-007 inhibited Tregs proliferation, indicating that AU-007 captures endogenous IL-2 and prevents the Treg expansion autoinhibitory loop caused by endogenous IL-2 secreted from activated T effector cells (figure 6).Additionally, following establishment of the IL-2 auto-secretion feedback loop in mice genetically engineered to express hIL-2 instead of murine IL-2, AU-007 treatment significantly inhibited MC38 colorectal-tumor growth for twelve days, in a manner comparable to treatment with anti-PD1 (figure 7).ConclusionsAU-007 is a human antibody that blocks the CD25-binding epitope on IL-2. It redirects endogenous IL-2 to promote effector cell expansion while simultaneously blocking the Treg expansion autoinhibitory loop, indicating its unique therapeutic profile and high potential as a novel cancer treatment. AU-007 is expected to enter clinical testing in 2021.Abstract 704 Figure 1Schematic representation of IL-2 mechanism of action and its dual role in controlling immune response. IL-2 structure consists of three binding epitope sites that interact with different forms of IL-2-R complexes with different affinities (Left Panel). IL-2R complexes expressed on different cell populations and their different affinities to IL-2 allow immunosuppression under conditions of low local concentrations of IL-2 and immune stimulation when IL-2 local concentration rises (middle panel). Au-007 utilize autocrine human IL-2 MOA to promote immune stimulation. Targeting IL-2 to different cell populations can be used to modulate the immune response toward towards immune activation. An anti-human IL-2 antibody tumor clearance while reducing IL-2's undesired interactions with endothelial CD25 expressing cells preventing IL-2 induced pulmonary edema and vascular leaking.Abstract 704 Figure 2Au-007 bind human IL-2 with high affinity and inhibits the binding to CD25 while preserving the binding to CD122. Affinity and binding site are demonstrated using Surface Plasmon Resonance. Au-007 was captured on CM5 chip and soluble hIL-2 was injected, forming a complex. Subsequently, soluble CD25 was injected followed by injection of soluble CD122 (A). SPR trace of complex formation of Ab/IL-2/IL-2R arrows indicate where Au-007 (17.069), hIL-2, CD25 and CD122 were injected (B). SPR trace and calculated binding kinetics of chip bound Au-007 with hIL-2 serving as analyte (C). Biophysical profile of Au-007. Au-007 was subjected to five freeze thaw cycles, agitation for 3 days and incubation at 40°C for 1 week. Post treatment Au-007 integrity and indicated biophysical properties were measured (D).Abstract 704 Figure 3Au-007 demonstrated in-vivo potent immune stimulating effects in a dose depended manner, with no observed effect on Tregs. C57BL/6 healthy mice were administered daily with Au-007/hIL-2 complex for four days. On day five splenocytes were isolated and immune cells populations were analyzed using flow cytometry. (A) Dosing regimen outline. (B–E) Mean values of immune cells calculated as a percentage from parent population of each experimental group (n=6 per group)Abstract 704 Figure 4Au-007 inhibits tumor growth in an I/O resistant tumor model with a tolerable profile. C57BL/6 healthy mice were inoculated with B16F10 melanoma tumor cells (day 0), at day 5 mice were randomized to experimental groups (n=10 per group) and administered daily, with single injection per day of Ab/hIL-2 mix (20 ug/1 ug respectively) or with PBS for four days. From the end of schedule administration at day 8 until experiment endpoint, mice were monitored daily for tumor volume (A) and for mean percent of body weight change for each experimental group (B).Abstract 704 Figure 5AU-007 inhibits the effect of IL-2 on Tregs while preserving its effect on Teffs and NKs. (A and B) Phosphorylated STAT5 levels of human immune cell subsets responding to various concentrations of hIL-2 with and without 200 nM AU-007. Total naïve hPBMC culture were incubated with increasing doses of hIL-2 or with increasing doses of hIL-2 + 200nM AU-007 for 15 min. Immune cells subpopulations were analyzed by flow cytometry, gating was defined based on FMOs. (C–F) Phosphorylated STAT5 levels of human immune cell subsets responding to titrated AU-007 or isotype control. Total naïve hPBMC culture were incubated with hIL-2 and with increasing doses of indicated antibody for 15 min. Data presented is an average of 3 biological repeats from 3 human PBMC donors.Abstract 704 Figure 6Au-007 can rely on endogenous IL-2 to break auto-inhibitory loop in human PBMCs. Total hPBMCs were stimulated for 24h with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 (stimulation only, green) or stimulated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 in the presence of: 200 nM of Au-007 mAb (red) or with 200 nM of isotype control mAb (blue). No exogenous IL-2 was added. Immune cells subpopulations were analyzed by flow cytometry. Percentage of immune cell sub-populations demonstrate exclusive inhibition of Tregs (A–E). Au-007 downregulate the suppressive markers of CD4+ regulatory Tregs from panel A, as defined by significant reduction in MFI of CD25 and FoxP3 (F and G). Gating was defined based on FMOs. Data presented is an average of 3 biological repeats from 3 human PBMC donors.Abstract 704 Figure 7Au-007 captures endogenous hIL-2 and inhibits tumor growth in colorectal cancer model (MC38). Genetically modified C57BL/6 mice, engineered to express human IL-2 in the background of complete knock-out of mouse IL-2, were inoculated with MC38 colorectal tumor cells. All animals treated with Au-007 showed significant inhibition in tumor growth with no observed significant adverse effects. (A) Administration outline: PBS (black), anti-mouse-PD-1 antibody (yellow), Au-007 pre-complexed with low dose IL-2 (blue) and Au-007 alone every three days followed with a single immune kick start with IL-2 (green, IL-2 single dose is marked in red). (B) Tumor growth progression of the four groups treated. (C) Percent of body weight changes per treatment.
6

Chen, Daming, and John Nicholas. "Structural Requirements for gp80 Independence of Human Herpesvirus 8 Interleukin-6 (vIL-6) and Evidence for gp80 Stabilization of gp130 Signaling Complexes Inducedby vIL-6." Journal of Virology 80, no. 19 (October 1, 2006): 9811–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00872-06.

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ABSTRACT Human herpesvirus 8 interleukin-6 (vIL-6) displays 25% amino acid identity with human IL-6 (hIL-6) and shares an overall four-helix-bundle structure and gp130-mediated STAT/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling with its cellular counterpart. However, vIL-6 is distinct in that it can signal through gp130 alone, in the absence of the nonsignaling gp80 α-subunit of the IL-6 receptor. To investigate the structural requirements for gp80 independence of vIL-6, a series of expression vectors encoding vIL-6/hIL-6 chimeric and site-mutated IL-6 proteins was generated. The replacement of hIL-6 residues with three vIL-6-specific tryptophans implicated in gp80 independence from crystallographic studies or the A and C helices containing these residues did not confer gp80 independence to hIL-6. The N- and C-terminal regions of vIL-6 could be substituted with hIL-6 sequences with the retention of gp80-independent signaling, but substitutions of other regions of vIL-6 (helix A, A/B loop, helix B, helix C, and proximal half of helix D) with equivalent sequences of hIL-6 abolished gp80 independence. Interestingly, the B helix of vIL-6 was absolutely required for gp80 independence, despite the fact that this region contains no receptor-binding residues. Point mutational analysis of helix C, which contains residues involved in physical and functional interactions with gp130 domains 2 and 3 (cytokine-binding homology region), identified a variant, VI120EE, that was able to signal and dimerize gp130 only in the presence of gp80. gp80 was also found to stabilize gp130:g130 dimers induced by a distal D helix variant of vIL-6 that was nonetheless able to signal independently of gp80. Together, our data reveal the crucial importance of overall vIL-6 structure and conformation for gp80-independent signaling and provide functional and physical evidence of the stabilization of vIL-6-induced gp130 signaling complexes by gp80.
7

Li, Hong, та John Nicholas. "Identification of Amino Acid Residues of gp130 Signal Transducer and gp80 α Receptor Subunit That Are Involved in Ligand Binding and Signaling by Human Herpesvirus 8-Encoded Interleukin-6". Journal of Virology 76, № 11 (1 червня 2002): 5627–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.11.5627-5636.2002.

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ABSTRACT Human herpesvirus 8-encoded interleukin-6 (vIL-6) signals through the gp130 signal transducer but is not dependent on the IL-6 receptor α subunit (IL-6R, gp80) that is required for signaling by endogenous IL-6 proteins; however, IL-6R can enhance vIL-6 activity and can enable signaling through a gp130 variant, gp130.PM5, that is itself unable to support vIL-6 signaling. These findings suggest that the vIL-6-gp130 interactions are qualitatively different from those of human IL-6 (hIL-6) and that vIL-6 signaling may be more promiscuous than that of hIL-6 but that IL-6R may play a role in vIL-6 signaling in vivo. To examine the receptor binding requirements of vIL-6, we have undertaken mutational analyses of regions of gp130 and IL-6R potentially involved in interactions with ligand or in functional complex formation and used these variants in functional, ligand-binding, and receptor dimerization assays. The data presented identify positions within two interstrand loops of the gp130 cytokine-receptor homology domain that are important for vIL-6 signaling and vIL-6-induced receptor dimerization and show that vIL-6, like hIL-6, can form complexes with IL-6R and gp130 but that the roles of putative cytokine-binding residues of IL-6R in ligand-induced functional complex formation are qualitatively different in the case of vIL-6 and hIL-6.
8

Aoki, Yoshiyasu, Masashi Narazaki, Tadamitsu Kishimoto, and Giovanna Tosato. "Receptor engagement by viral interleukin-6 encoded by Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus." Blood 98, no. 10 (November 15, 2001): 3042–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v98.10.3042.

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Abstract Receptor usage by viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6), a virokine encoded by Kaposi sarcoma– associated herpesvirus, is an issue of controversy. Recently, the crystal structure of vIL-6 identified vIL-6 sites II and III as directly binding to glycoprotein (gp)130, the common signal transducer for the IL-6 family of cytokines. Site I of vIL-6, however, comprising the outward helical face of vIL-6, where human IL-6 (hIL-6) would interact with the specific α-chain IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), is accessible and not occupied by gp130. This study examined whether this unused vIL-6 surface is available for IL-6R binding. By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, vIL-6 bound to soluble gp130 (sgp130) but not to soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R). Using plasmon surface resonance, vIL-6 bound to sgp130 with a dissociation constant of 2.5 μM, corresponding to 1000-fold lower affinity than that of hIL-6/sIL-6R complex for gp130. sIL-6R neither bound to vIL-6 nor affected vIL-6 binding to gp130. In bioassays, vIL-6 activity was neutralized by 4 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) recognizing a domain within vIL-6 site I, mapped to the C-terminal part of the AB-loop and the beginning of helix B. The homologous region in hIL-6 participates in site I binding to IL-6R. In addition, binding of vIL-6 to sgp130 was interfered with specifically by the 4 neutralizing anti–vIL-6 mAbs. Based on the vIL-6 crystal structure, the vIL-6 neutralizing mAbs map outside the binding interface to gp130, suggesting that they either produce allosteric changes or block necessary conformational changes in vIL-6 preceding its binding to gp130. These results document that vIL-6 does not bind IL-6R and suggest that conformational change may be critical to vIL-6 function.
9

Ortiz, Jessica S., Guillermo Palacios-Navarro, Víctor H. Andaluz, and Bryan S. Guevara. "Virtual Reality-Based Framework to Simulate Control Algorithms for Robotic Assistance and Rehabilitation Tasks through a Standing Wheelchair." Sensors 21, no. 15 (July 27, 2021): 5083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155083.

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The implementation of control algorithms oriented to robotic assistance and rehabilitation tasks for people with motor disabilities has been of increasing interest in recent years. However, practical implementation cannot be carried out unless one has the real robotic system availability. To overcome this drawback, this article presents the development of an interactive virtual reality (VR)-based framework that allows one to simulate the execution of rehabilitation tasks and robotic assistance through a robotic standing wheelchair. The virtual environment developed considers the kinematic and dynamic model of the standing human–wheelchair system with a displaced center of mass, since it can be displaced for different reasons, e.g.,: bad posture, limb amputations, obesity, etc. The standing wheelchair autonomous control scheme has been implemented through the Full Simulation (FS) and Hardware in the Loop (HIL) techniques. Finally, the performance of the virtual control schemes has been shown by means of several experiments based on robotic assistance and rehabilitation for people with motor disabilities.
10

Bodén, Anna C. S., Jesper Molin, Stina Garvin, Rebecca A. West, Claes Lundström, and Darren Treanor. "The human‐in‐the‐loop: an evaluation of pathologists’ interaction with artificial intelligence in clinical practice." Histopathology 79, no. 2 (May 30, 2021): 210–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/his.14356.

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Дисертації з теми "HiL (human in the Loop)":

1

Pizzonia, Gianluca. "Simulazioni HIL (Human In the Loop) per la valutazione di fattori umani in ambiente di realtà virtuale." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22980/.

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Nel mio progetto di tesi sono state effettuate prove sperimentali presso il Laboratorio di Realtà Virtuale di Forlì volte a valutare il livello di comfort percepito all’interno della cabina di un velivolo regionale riprodotto in Realtà Virtuale. Queste prove hanno coinvolto 31 di partecipanti per la raccolta di dati oggettivi e soggettivi durante o al termine della simulazione. I dati soggettivi vengono raccolti tramite un questionario, progettato in collaborazione con il dipartimento di Psicologia, mentre in simulazione vengono raccolti i dati elettroencefalografici in collaborazione con il dipartimento di Informatica di Cesena. La tesi in oggetto ha come obiettivo l’organizzazione e l’implementazione di una parte della campagna sperimentale del progetto CASTLE e lo studio di interrelazione tra dati soggettivi, raccolti durante questa specifica fase, resa particolarmente complessa dalla contemporanea raccolta dei dati EEG, successivamente non elaborati in questa tesi ma in altra sede. La durata di ogni prova in laboratorio, consisteva in circa 40 minuti. Per l’analisi di uno studio oggettivo e soggettivo, si è montato sul soggetto una cuffia EEG per analizzare lo stato di confort nei vari casi dell’esperimento, notando se il soggetto una volta terminato l’intero ciclo di esercizi, ed una volta terminati i questionari relativi alle varie prove possa essere comparabile, e quindi paradossalmente osservare la veridicità tra ciò che si dice e ciò che si prova.
2

Torres, Guzman Diana Angélica. "Generation and control of tactile feedback with longitudinal ultrasonic vibration and human-in-the-Loop analysis." Thesis, Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUN035.

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La technologie haptique offre aux utilisateurs un moyen unique d'interagir avec les mondes virtuels en permettant le transfert direct d'informations entre les interfaces et l'être humain par le biais du sens du toucher. Les dispositifs haptiques de surface utilisent différentes techniques pour moduler la friction afin de simuler la texture. Dans le cas des surfaces haptiques à ultrasons, on utilise des céramiques piézoélectriques qui, alimentées par une tension alternative sinusoïdale, provoquent un mouvement à la surface du dispositif. Ce mouvement est transmis et amplifié par le matériau, à sa fréquence de résonance.Les modes vibratoires transversaux sont couramment utilisés dans la technologie haptique des surfaces ultrasoniques. Ce travail évalue la possibilité d'utiliser les vibrations longitudinales comme une alternative technologique pour produire un retour haptique dans les dispositifs à ultrasons. Pour cela, des comparaisons sont effectuées sur les deux familles de modes, à partir d’un dispositif dédié à la fois d’un point de vue performances énergétiques et qualité des stimuli perçus. L'action et la perception de l'homme dans ce contexte sont très importantes. Malheureusement, en raison de la complexité des phénomènes de friction, la réponse sensorielle est différente d'un utilisateur à l'autre, avec le même stimulus haptique. Pour cette raison, il est intéressant d'explorer l'humain dans la boucle de simulation tactile. Dans ce but, une première tentative de développer le concept de "Human-in-the-Loop" en haptique de surface est présentée dans cette thèse, en utilisant le formalisme EMR (Energetic Macroscopic Representation) développé au sein de l'équipe de contrôle du L2EP et déjà couramment appliqué au HIL (Hardware in the Loop).Cette thèse est organisée comme suit : le chapitre 1 présente l'état de l'art et le positionnement. Le chapitre 2 présente la création et le contrôle d'un dispositif haptique de surface à ondes longitudinales. Dans le chapitre 3, le modèle d'interaction à l'origine de l'effet de modulation de la friction avec la vibration longitudinale ultrasonique est proposé et validé pour le cas où l'exploration se fait dans le même axe que le mouvement de l'onde, ainsi que le cas plus général où l'exploration se fait dans toute autre direction. Dans le chapitre 4, une série d'expériences est conçue pour effectuer une analyse comparative entre la vibration ultrasonore longitudinale et transversale, en termes de besoins énergétiques pour une intensité de texture donnée. A partir de cette étude, il est possible de percevoir une problématique importante dans la conception de dispositifs haptiques de surface à ultrasons : l'adaptation du retour haptique à chaque utilisateur pour obtenir une perception standardisée. Le chapitre 5 traite de cette problématique, en introduisant le concept de force acoustique du doigt et sa corrélation avec le phénomène de réduction de la friction. Enfin, le chapitre 6 présente les leçons apprises dans les chapitres précédents dans une perspective "Human-in-the-loop" et explore les applications futures possibles de ce type d'analyse.Ce travail a été réalisé dans le cadre du projet Mint à l'IRCICA. Il fait donc partie de l'équipe collaborative 'CRIStAL-L2EP-MINT, et du groupe CNRS GdR TACT
Haptic technology offers users a unique way of interacting with the virtual world, as it allows direct information transfer between the interfaces and the human through the sense of touch. Surface haptic devices use different techniques to achieve friction modulation in order to simulate texture. In the case of ultrasonic surface haptics, this is achieved with the use of piezoelectric ceramics, which, supplied by a sinusoidal alternating voltage, elicit motion on the surface of the device. This motion is transmitted and amplified by the material, at its resonance frequency.Transversal vibrational modes are commonly used in ultrasonic surface haptic technology. This work evaluates the possibility to use longitudinal vibration as a technological alternative to produce haptic return in ultrasonic devices. Valuable comparisons between transverse and longitudinal modes are performed on a dedicated device, both on the point of view of energetic behavior and stimuli perception quality. The action and perception of the human in this context are very important. Unfortunately, due to the complexity of friction phenomena, the sensory response is different from one user to another, with the same haptic stimulus. For this reason, it is interesting to explore the human in the tactile simulation loop. With this purpose in mind, an initial attempt to develop the concept of "Human-in-the-Loop" in surface haptics is given in this thesis, using the EMR formalism, (Energetic Macroscopic Representation)developed within the L2EP Control team and already commonly applied to HIL (Hardware in the Loop).This PhD thesis is organized as follows: chapter 1 presents the state of the art and the positioning. Chapter 2 presents the creation and control of a longitudinal wave surface haptic device. In Chapter 3, the interaction model at the origin of the friction modulation effect with ultrasonic longitudinal vibration is proposed and validated for the case where the exploration occurs in the same axis as the wave motion, as well as the more general case where the exploration occurs in any other direction. In Chapter 4, a series of experiments are conceived to perform a comparative analysis between longitudinal and transverse ultrasonic vibration, in terms of energetic requirements for a given texture intensity. From this study, it is possible to perceive one important problematic in the design of ultrasonic surface haptic devices: the adaptation of the haptic feedback to each user to achieve a standardized perception. Chapter 5 deals with this problematic, by introducing the concept of acoustic finger force and its correlation with the friction reduction phenomenon. Finally, Chapter 6 presents the lessons learned in the previous chapters in a ‘Human-in-the-loop’ perspective and explores the possible future applications of this type of analysis.This work has been carried out within the framework of the Mint Project at IRCICA. It takes, therefore, part in the collaborative ‘CRIStAL-L2EP-MINT’ team, and CNRS GdR TACT group
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Mahmud, Akib. "Hardware in the Loop (HIL) Rig Design and Electrical Architecture." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324661.

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Different types of machines are tested utilizing so called Hardware In the Loop simulation. To perform HIL-simulation a rig is used consisting of different types of hardware and software. Some of the hardware that are used during a simulation is located inside an EMS box. The box has not been properly updated since 2004, no documentation of changes has been made and often many errors occurs during simulations due to the lack of traceability. During this project a new structure of the EMS box has been designed with modifications to eliminate existing problems, prevent similar problems to occur in the future and improve the usability of the system. A simulation was performed on the camshaft to test if there were any improvements. Most issues were solved but there were one problem that remained. Some noises existed and were rooted in the old box which undeniably remained in the new one.
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Dočekal, Martin. "HIL simulace manipulátorů nebo stroje." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444291.

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The diploma thesis deals with HIL simulation (hardware in the loop). The thesis contains a manipulator created in the virtual software V-REP. The connection of real inputs and virtual outputs of the machine is realized by the microcontroller Arduino UNO. The first task deals with the control of the manipulator using the joystick PS2. The second task is a separate control of the robot using an microcontroller Arduino UNO. The resulting connection can be modified in the furher and the interface modified. The work will be used for educational purposes.
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Malík, Lukáš. "HIL model elektromechanického systému." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376959.

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This diploma thesis deals with creation of elektromechanical model in Modelica language which is subsequently imported into LabVIEW environment. The Modelica language, LabVIEW graphical programming tool and Functional Mock-up Interface 2.0 standard are described in the introduction of this thesis. Functional Mock-up Interface is a tool independent standard witch, defines a standardized interface to ModelExchange and Co-simulation of complex system components. The model of electromechanical system was created based on Functional Mock-up Interface standard. Part of the work focuses on the Functional Mock-up Unit storage possibilities and LabVIEW support to import models of this type. The imported model was simulated and tested in this environment. Finally, the instance of Functional Mock-up Unit was connected with LabVIEW FPGA target for the purpose of model HIL simulation on CompactRIO platform.
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Bjelevac, Salko, and Peter Karlsson. "Steering System Verification Using Hardware-in-the-Loop." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fordonssystem, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119332.

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In order for leading industrial companies to remain competitive, the process of product developement constantly needs to improve. In order to shorten development time -- that is the time from idea to product -- simulations of products in-house is becoming a popular method. This method saves money and time since expensive prototypes become unnecessary. Today the calibration of steering gears is done in test vehicles by experienced test drivers. This is a time consuming process that is very costly because of expensive test vehicles. This report investigates possibilities and difficulties with transfering the calibrations from field to rig. A steering rig has been integrated with a car simulation program. Comparisons between simulation in the loop (SIL) and hardware in the loop (HIL) have been made and differences between different configurations of steering gears have been evaluated. An automatic process including calibration of parameters, testing and analysis of the test results has been implemented. The work laid the foundation of calibration of steering parameters and showed correlation between calibration parameters and objective metrics.
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Israelsson, Erik. "Modellering och simulering av hydraulik för användning i hardware-in-the-loop." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fluida och mekatroniska system, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-78958.

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Modeling and simulation is growing ever more important in the development of new products. This thesis describes the use of Hopsan for hydraulic modeling and its use in conjunction with Simulink with the intent of using the model in a hardware-in-the-loop setup. A sensor layer has been created in Simulink to emulate all the internal sensors in a modern forklift. The details of using legacy C-code instead of a hardware MCU for a fully simulated environment, software-in-the-loop has been outlined. There are two major routes one can follow implementing software-in-the-loop, exporting the C-functions to CAPL via a export layer or creating an s-function in Simulink. Of the two the export layer method is the most promising since it is easier handling different execution times in CAPL than in Simulink.
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Gordillo, Carrillo Camilo Andrés. "Estratégias para a correção dos efeitos de atraso de sistemas Hardware In the Loop (HIL)." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264974.

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Orientador: Janito Vaqueiro Ferreira
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T09:38:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GordilloCarrillo_CamiloAndres_M.pdf: 5104981 bytes, checksum: cd95669708a4fb537590b77509d111b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: O conceito de Hardware In the Loop (HIL) é bastante útil em indústrias automotivas e em indústrias espaciais, já que sistemas complexos são difíceis de se modelar. Este conceito proporciona uma grande confiabilidade aos resultados, diminui o risco de avaria dos equipamentos e dos usuários em seu funcionamento, como também uma diminuição do tempo no desenvolvimento de projetos. Tudo isto sem precisar de um orçamento elevado ou protótipos elaborados para realização de testes. Neste trabalho propõem-se duas estratégias para solucionar o problema do atraso (delay) apresentado pelo sinal de resposta nos sistemas HIL em tempo real, levando-se em conta a sequência de execução real dos processos, bem como também outros aspectos como dos sistemas de aquisição e atuação (inercia, limitações de hardware e software, tempo de amostragem). Os resultados obtidos através das estratégias propostas foram analisados e comparados com resultados numéricos em uma bancada experimental obtendo uma boa concordância eliminando o atraso na resposta
Abstract: The Hardware In the Loop (HIL) concept is useful in automotive and spaceship industries, because of the difficulty of modeling complex systems. This concept provides great reliability at the results, decrease the risk of damage to the equipment and to the user operation, as well as decreasing the time of projects development. All of this without requiring a high budget or developing prototypes for testing. This study propose a strategy to solve the delay problem presented by the response signal in real time HIL systems, considering a real execution sequence of the process, as well as other aspects such as in the acquisition and the actuation systems (inertia, hardware and software limitations, sample time). The results obtained through the proposed strategies was analyzed and compared with numerical results in a testing platform with excellent concordance eliminating the delay in the response
Mestrado
Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Goulkhah, Mohammad (Monty). "Waveform relaxation based hardware-in-the-loop simulation." Cigre Canada, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31012.

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This thesis introduces an alternative potentially low cost solution for hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation based on the waveform relaxation (WR) method. The WR tech-nique is extended so that, without the need for a real-time simulator, the behaviour of an actual piece of physical hardware can nevertheless be tested as though it were connected to a large external electrical network. This is achieved by simulating the external network on an off-line electromagnetic transients (EMT) simulation program, and utilizing iterative exchange of waveforms between the simulation and the hardware by means of a spe-cialized Real-Time Player/Recorder (RTPR) interface device. The approach is referred to as waveform relaxation based hardware-in-the-loop (WR-HIL) simulation. To make the method possible, the thesis introduces several new innovations for stabi-lizing and accelerating the WR-HIL algorithm. It is shown that the classical WR shows poor or no convergence when at least one of the subsystems is an actual device. The noise and analog-digital converters’ quantization errors and other hardware disturbances can affect the waveforms and cause the WR to diverge. Therefore, the application of the WR method in performing HIL simulation is not straightforward and the classical WR need to be modified accordingly. Three convergence techniques are proposed to improve the WR-HIL simulation con-vergence. Each technique is evaluated by an experimental example. The stability of the WR-HIL simulation is studied and a stabilization technique is proposed to provide suffi-cient conditions for the simulation stability. The approach is also extended to include the optimization of the parameters of power system controllers located in geographically distant places. The WR-HIL simulation technique is presented with several examples. At the end of the thesis, suggestions for the future work are presented.
February 2016
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Wang, Lingchang XI. "Development of a Hardware-In-the-Loop Simulator for Battery Management Systems." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397656909.

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Книги з теми "HiL (human in the Loop)":

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Suhir, Ephraim. Human-in-the-Loop. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2018. | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351132510.

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Rothrock, Ling, and S. Narayanan, eds. Human-in-the-Loop Simulations. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-883-6.

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Stiefelhagen, Rainer, and Alex Waibel. Computers in the human interaction loop. Dordrecht [The Netherlands]: Springer, 2009.

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Waibel, Alexander, and Rainer Stiefelhagen, eds. Computers in the Human Interaction Loop. London: Springer London, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-054-8.

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Nicholas, Evans. The loop. Thorndike, Me: Thorndike Press, 1998.

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Nicholas, Evans. The loop. London: BCA, 1998.

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Nicholas, Evans. The loop. New York, N.Y: Delacorte Press, 1998.

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Evans, Nicholas. The loop. London: BCA, 1998.

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Rothrock, Ling. Human-in-the-Loop Simulations: Methods and Practice. London: Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2011.

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10

Nunes, David, Jorge Sá Silva, and Fernando Boavida. A Practical Introduction to Human-in-the-Loop Cyber-Physical Systems. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119377795.

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Частини книг з теми "HiL (human in the Loop)":

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Mirfendreski, Aras. "Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL)-Kopplung." In Entwicklung eines echtzeitfähigen Motorströmungs- und Stickoxidmodells zur Kopplung an einen HiL-Simulator, 115–37. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-19329-4_4.

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Kim, Myunghee, Ye Ding, Charles Liu, Jinsoo Kim, Sangjun Lee, Nikolaos Karavas, Conor Walsh, and Scott Kuindersma. "Human-in-the-Loop Bayesian Optimization of a Tethered Soft Exosuit for Assisting Hip Extension." In Biosystems & Biorobotics, 142–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01887-0_28.

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Lee, Sung-Yong, Jakob Andert, Carole Quérel, Joschka Schaub, Matthias Kötter, Davy Politsch, and Hassen Hadj-amor. "X-in-the-Loop-basierte Kalibrierung: HiL Simulation eines virtuellen Dieselantriebsstrangs." In Proceedings, 53–79. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-20828-8_4.

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Suhir, Ephraim. "Introduction." In Human-in-the-Loop, 1–8. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2018. | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351132510-1.

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Suhir, Ephraim. "Fundamentals of Applied Probability." In Human-in-the-Loop, 9–56. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2018. | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351132510-2.

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Suhir, Ephraim. "Helicopter-Landing-Ship and the Role of the Human Factor." In Human-in-the-Loop, 57–71. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2018. | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351132510-3.

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Suhir, Ephraim. "Fundamentals of Probabilistic Aerospace Electronics Reliability Engineering." In Human-in-the-Loop, 73–108. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2018. | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351132510-4.

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Suhir, Ephraim. "Probabilistic Assessment of an Aerospace Mission Outcome." In Human-in-the-Loop, 109–29. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2018. | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351132510-5.

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Suhir, Ephraim. "The “Miracle-on-the-Hudson” Event: Quantitative Aftermath." In Human-in-the-Loop, 131–59. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2018. | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351132510-6.

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Suhir, Ephraim. "“Two Men in a Cockpit”." In Human-in-the-Loop, 161–76. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2018. | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351132510-7.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "HiL (human in the Loop)":

1

Sakalli, Ahmet, Ozgur Aktekin, and Utku Kiran. "Hardware in the Loop (HiL) testing of a human electric hybrid vehicle." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icit.2018.8352175.

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Cui, Yuchen, Pallavi Koppol, Henny Admoni, Scott Niekum, Reid Simmons, Aaron Steinfeld, and Tesca Fitzgerald. "Understanding the Relationship between Interactions and Outcomes in Human-in-the-Loop Machine Learning." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/599.

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Human-in-the-loop Machine Learning (HIL-ML) is a widely adopted paradigm for instilling human knowledge in autonomous agents. Many design choices influence the efficiency and effectiveness of such interactive learning processes, particularly the interaction type through which the human teacher may provide feedback. While different interaction types (demonstrations, preferences, etc.) have been proposed and evaluated in the HIL-ML literature, there has been little discussion of how these compare or how they should be selected to best address a particular learning problem. In this survey, we propose an organizing principle for HIL-ML that provides a way to analyze the effects of interaction types on human performance and training data. We also identify open problems in understanding the effects of interaction types.
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Jeanneret, Bruno, Daniel Ndiaye, Sylvain Gillet, and Rochdi Trigui. "H&HIL: A Novel Tool to Test Control Strategy with Human and Hardware In the Loop." In 2017 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vppc.2017.8331027.

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4

Mahani, Maziar Fooladi, and Yue Wang. "Trust-Based Runtime Verification for Multi-Quad-Rotor Motion Planning With a Human-in-the-Loop." In ASME 2018 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2018-9174.

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In this paper, we propose a trust-based runtime verification (RV) framework for deploying multiple quad-rotors with a human-in-the-loop (HIL). By bringing together approaches from runtime verification, trust-based decision-making, human-robot interaction (HRI), and hybrid systems, we develop a unified framework that is capable of integrating human cognitive skills with autonomous capabilities of multi-robot systems to improve system performance and maximize the intuitiveness of the human-robot-interaction. On top of the RV framework, we utilize a probabilistic trust inference model as the key component in forming the HRI, designed to maintain the system performance. A violation avoidance controller is designed to account for the unexpected/unmodeled environment behaviors e.g. collision with static/moving obstacles. We also use the automata theoretic approaches to generate motion plans for the quad-rotors working in a partially-known environment by automatic synthesis of controllers enforcing specifications given in temporal logic languages. Finally, we illustrated the effectiveness of this framework as well as its feasibility through a simulated case study.
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Sleiman, Nicolas, and Julie A. Reyer. "HIL Simulation of a Track Type Tractor for Autonomous Controller Testing." In ASME 2008 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2008-2210.

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The mining industry is introducing several autonomous mining operations, however the development of these algorithms is extremely expensive. This paper discusses the integration of a Hardware In the Loop (HIL) simulation to earthmoving equipment to aid in the development of autonomous mining operations. The benefit of this simulation is to save time and money for engineers developing the autonomous features. The hardware setup contained machine components that were connected to the Electronic Control Modules (ECMs). The ECMs used in the lab setup were the same as those on the actual tract type tractors. Those ECMs receive input signals based on which they command the solenoids. The HIL simulator converts the analog outputs into digital ones. Then the HIL sends out digital or simulated outputs to the ECMs such as pressure and fuel levels. The results of this work compare simulated data and real machine test data of an autonomous feature. A comparison is presented between the autonomous feature and a human operator. Finally potential of the HIL is demonstrated examining the autonomous feature with different soil conditions.
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Alfadhli, Abdulaziz, Jocelyn Darling, and Andrew J. Hillis. "Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) Simulation of a Quarter Vehicle Model Using a Multi-Axis Simulation Table (MAST)." In BATH/ASME 2016 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2016-1754.

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The reliable and repeatable experimental testing of automotive components is a challenge, especially when human occupants are involved. In most circumstances full vehicle testing over a range of road conditions is used even though this is expensive, difficult and time-consuming. In this work an experimental platform that compensates for the vehicle motion using the principle of hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation is developed using a multi-axis simulation table (MAST) available in the Center for Power Transmission and Motion Control (PTMC) laboratory at the University of Bath. The MAST was tested in both the time and frequency domains with a range of road profiles including a random and single bump in the low frequency range (0.5–25 Hz). Also, uncertainties in the vehicle suspension characteristics such as the damping coefficient, the stiffness rate and the vehicle mass are examined. The experimental results in the frequency and time domain show that the MAST can be used to reproduce the dynamic characteristics of a quarter vehicle model with an excellent degree of agreement with the simulated response.
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Bursztyn, Victor S., Jonas Dias, and Marta Mattoso. "Workflows Científicos com Apoio de Bases de Conhecimento em Tempo Real." In X Brazilian e-Science Workshop. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/bresci.2016.10009.

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One major challenge in large-scale experiments is the analytical capacity to contrast ongoing results with domain knowledge. We approach this challenge by constructing a domain-specific knowledge base, which is queried during workflow execution. We introduce K-Chiron, an integrated solution that combines a state-of-the-art automatic knowledge base construction (KBC) system to Chiron, a well-established workflow engine. In this work we experiment in the context of Political Sciences to show how KBC may be used to improve human-in-the-loop (HIL) support in scientific experiments. While HIL in traditional domain expert supervision is done offline, in K-Chiron it is done online, i.e. at runtime. We achieve results in less laborious ways, to the point of enabling a breed of experiments that could be unfeasible with traditional HIL. Finally, we show how provenance data could be leveraged with KBC to enable further experimentation in more dynamic settings.
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Bursztyn, Victor S., Jonas Dias, and Marta Mattoso. "Workflows Científicos com Apoio de Bases de Conhecimento em Tempo Real." In X Brazilian e-Science Workshop. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/bresci.2016.9123.

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Анотація:
One major challenge in large-scale experiments is the analytical capacity to contrast ongoing results with domain knowledge. We approach this challenge by constructing a domain-specific knowledge base, which is queried during workflow execution. We introduce K-Chiron, an integrated solution that combines a state-of-the-art automatic knowledge base construction (KBC) system to Chiron, a well-established workflow engine. In this work we experiment in the context of Political Sciences to show how KBC may be used to improve human-in-the-loop (HIL) support in scientific experiments. While HIL in traditional domain expert supervision is done offline, in K-Chiron it is done online, i.e. at runtime. We achieve results in less laborious ways, to the point of enabling a breed of experiments that could be unfeasible with traditional HIL. Finally, we show how provenance data could be leveraged with KBC to enable further experimentation in more dynamic settings.
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Zhang, Rong, Don E. Carter, and Andrew G. Alleyne. "Multivariable Control of an Earthmoving Vehicle Powertrain Experimentally Validated in an Emulated Working Cycle." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41282.

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The operation of an earthmoving vehicle involves the coordination of a multivariable powertrain and the execution of specific tasks in a repetitive fashion. The performance and efficiency depend heavily on human expertise. The purpose of this research is to automate the coordination of a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) nonlinear electro-hydraulic powertrain and to validate the performance and efficiency improvements in a human-machine interaction. Firstly, a robust gain scheduling method is developed to design a powertrain controller and to analyze its robust stability and robust performance. The gain scheduling is based on a Local Controller Network strategy and its satisfactory properties are analytically confirmed using robust control theories. Secondly, the improvement of performance and efficiency are validated through two experiments performed on an Earthmoving Vehicle Powertrain Simulator (EVPS). This testbed is a Hardware-In-the-Loop HIL environment representative of a class of electro-hydraulic systems with multiple loads. The two human-operated experiments include a reference tracking test and a working cycle test. In the second test, three types of loads are modeled for a typical wheel loader and emulated on EVPS for a 180-degree loading cycle. These models include the steering, the drive, and the implement. The load emulation technique ensures that the HIL working cycles are representative of real life cycles. The reference tracking and loading cycle results show the significant improvement in productivity in terms of performance, efficiency, and ease of operation.
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Kupfer, Michael, Joey Mercer, Todd J. Callantine, Vimmy Gujral, and Ashley Gomez. "Evaluation of an Arrival Coordinator Position in a Terminal Metering Environment." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100714.

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A human-in-the-loop (HITL) simulation investigated the performance of an integrated arrival-management solution developed by NASA, called the Interval Management Terminal Area Precision Scheduling System (IM-TAPSS). The focus of this paper is on the operator who, during the simulation, served as both the terminal radar approach control (TRACON) traffic management controller and Arrival Radar Coordinator (ARC), and played an integral part in coordinating, adjusting, and instantiating the arrival schedule computed by the IM-TAPSS system. Analyses of the simulation data highlight the role of the ARC within the terminal metering environment, describe his planning strategies, tool interactions, and coordinations with controllers, and lend insights to the impact of the ARC’s actions on the arrival problem. High levels of comfort and confidence were reported when working with the IM-TAPSS system. Challenges included the sequencing of unscheduled satellite arrival flights during periods of peak demand, in response to which, the ARC had to identify sequence slots while minimizing disruptions to the overall schedule.

Звіти організацій з теми "HiL (human in the Loop)":

1

Clancy, Seamus, Sam Bayer, and Robyn Kozierok. Active Learning with a Human in The Loop. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada584489.

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2

Morgan, John J. Human in the Loop Machine Translation of Medical Terminology. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada522200.

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3

Schmidt, Vincent A., John D. Ianni, Judson S. Shattuck, and Jacob A. Kern. A Case Study of Human-in-the-loop for Telescope Operation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada614669.

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Bogdan, Stjepan. Human-in-the-loop Control of Multi-agent Aerial Systems Under Intermittent Communication. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada626937.

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5

Rice, Brandon C., Jacob P. Lehmer, and Robert T. England. Modeling and Simulation - Introducing hardware-in-the-loop capabilities to the Human Systems Simulation Laboratory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1572399.

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6

Ulrich, Thomas A., Roger Lew, Torrey J. Mortenson, Jooyoung Park, Heather D. Medema, and Ronald Laurids Boring PhD. An Integrated Energy Systems Prototype Human-System Interface for a Steam Extraction Loop System to Support Joint Electricity-Hydrogen Flexible Operations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1608624.

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Boring, Ronald, Thomas Ulrich, Roger Lew, Casey Kovesdi, Brandon Rice, Christopher Poresky, Zach Spielman, and Kateryna Savchenko. Analog, Digital, or Enhanced Human-System Interfaces? Results of an Operator-in-the-Loop Study on Main Control Room Modernization for a Nuclear Power Plant. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1472062.

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8

Gurevitz, Michael, William A. Catterall, and Dalia Gordon. face of interaction of anti-insect selective toxins with receptor site-3 on voltage-gated sodium channels as a platform for design of novel selective insecticides. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699857.bard.

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Voltage-gated sodium channels (Navs) play a pivotal role in excitability and are a prime target of insecticides like pyrethroids. Yet, these insecticides are non-specific due to conservation of Navs in animals, raising risks to the environment and humans. Moreover, insecticide overuse leads to resistance buildup among insect pests, which increases misuse and risks. This sad reality demands novel, more selective, insect killers whose alternative use would avoid or reduce this pressure. As highly selective insect toxins exist in venomous animals, why not exploit this gift of nature and harness them in insect pest control? Many of these peptide toxins target Navs, and since their direct use via transformed crop plants or mediator microorganisms is problematic in public opinion, we focus on the elucidation of their receptor binding sites with the incentive of raising knowledge for design of toxin peptide mimetics. This approach is preferred nowadays by agro-industries in terms of future production expenses and public concern. However, characterization of a non-continuous epitope, that is the channel receptor binding site for such toxins, requires a suitable experimental system. We have established such a system within more than a decade and reached the stage where we employ a number of different insect-selective toxins for the identification of their receptor sites on Navs. Among these toxins we wish to focus on those that bind at receptor site-3 and inhibit Nav inactivation because: (1) We established efficient experimental systems for production and manipulation of site-3 toxins from scorpions and sea anemones. These peptides vary in size and structure but compete for site-3 on insect Navs. Moreover, these toxins exhibit synergism with pyrethroids and with other channel ligands; (2) We determined their bioactive surfaces towards insect and mammalian receptors (see list of publications); (3) We found that despite the similar mode of action on channel inactivation, the preference of the toxins for insect and mammalian channel subtypes varies greatly, which can direct us to structural features in the basis of selectivity; (4) We have identified by channel loop swapping and point mutagenesis extracellular segments of the Navinvolved with receptor site-3. On this basis and using channel scanning mutagenesis, neurotoxin binding, electrophysiological analyses, and structural data we offer: (i) To identify the residues that form receptor site-3 at insect and mammalian Navs; (ii) To identify by comparative analysis differences at site-3 that dictate selectivity toward various Navs; (iii) To exploit the known toxin structures and bioactive surfaces for modeling their docking at the insect and mammalian channel receptors. The results of this study will enable rational design of novel anti-insect peptide mimetics with minimized risks to human health and to the environment. We anticipate that the release of receptor site-3 molecular details would initiate a worldwide effort to design peptide mimetics for that site. This will establish new strategies in insect pest control using alternative insecticides and the combined use of compounds that interact allosterically leading to increased efficiency and reduced risks to humans or resistance buildup among insect pests.

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