Готові списки джерел за темами / Insurance contract/Risk/Claim

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Insurance contract/Risk/Claim"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 14 жовтня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Insurance contract/Risk/Claim":

Haghbayan, Mahdi, and Fereshteh Nasrollahi heravi. "Decreasing Classification Risk in Term Life Insurance Considering the Interest rate and Period of Contract." Journal of Management and Accounting Studies 9, no. 01 (February 24, 2021): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jmas.vol9iss01pp23-31.

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Term life insurance is a type of life insurance policy that provides coverage for a certain period of time. If the insured dies during the time period specified in the policy and the policy is active, a death benefit will be paid. One of the basic problem in insurance company is that insurers cannot classify high level risk individual from low level risk individual and cannot offer different premium to each individual. Therefore, the aim of this study was to show how insurers can decrease risk classification and increase demand of low level individual for insurance. We used Mahdavi’s model and it was expanded with contract duration, interest rate and individual’s age parameters. We found that if contract duration or interest rate increases, demand for insurance and risk classification also increase. However, if age of the individual or cost of claim increases, demand for insurance decreases. In additional, when cost of claim goes up, risk classification declines

i S G, Prof Geethanajal. "Auto Insurance Claim System for Farmers." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (July 31, 2022): 1922–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45576.

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Abstract: Natural disasters such as droughts, floods, cyclones, and animal attacks commonly impair agriculture production and farm revenue in India. Contract farming and futures trading are two contemporary examples of procedures that are Price changes are expected to provide some protection, either explicitly or implicitly. Agricultural protection, on the other contrary, is considered a necessary tool for efficiently addressing the risk of output and revenue loss caused by a variety of natural and artificial disasters. For the benefit of farmers, the GOI (Government of India) has implemented a number of agricultural programmes around the country. Information about various government agricultural programmes is now available on the internet in the form of websites and mobile apps, thanks to advances in technology and internet services.

Alkahfi, Muhammad Andre, and Yusrizal . "Analisis Penanganan Klaim Asuransi Proteksi Pembiayaan Syariah Pada PT. Asuransi Askrida Syariah Cabang Medan." El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam 3, no. 6 (April 19, 2022): 1073–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/elmal.v3i6.1233.

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A claim on insurance is a request made by a customer to an insurance company for payment for risks incurred under a previous contract. Claims submitted will be reviewed by the company and then paid to the policyholder upon approval. The insurance company is responsible for paying insurance claims for a risk that arises in a loan agreement based on a pre-agreed agreement and provided that the specified terms and conditions are met. The purpose of writing this article is to find out the procedure for handling sharia financing protection insurance claims at PT Asurasi Askrida Syariah Medan Branch. The research method used by the author in writing this article is to use the interview method, the observation method, and also the library research method. Primary data and secondary data are the data used. The data analysis method used is a technical data analysis method. Based on the otained analysis results it can e concluded that PT Asuransi Askrida Syariah Medan Branch has implemented process for handling sharia financing protection insurance claims by providing a good settlement in accordance with applicable standards.

Valenzuela-Mahecha, Miguel Angel, Manuel Pulido-Velazquez, and Hector Macian-Sorribes. "Hydrological Drought-Indexed Insurance for Irrigated Agriculture in a Highly Regulated System." Agronomy 12, no. 9 (September 13, 2022): 2170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12092170.

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Water scarcity is an increasingly recurring problem for irrigated agriculture in Mediterranean regions. It is, therefore, necessary to establish technical and financial measures to enable irrigators to deal with this problem. This study presents a new index-based drought insurance scheme in an irrigation district in the Jucar river basin in Spain, a highly regulated water system. Three insurance scheme options were evaluated and, the values of the fair risk premiums, the maximum compensation, and the deductible franchise were established. These insurance schemes were designed in agreement with the preexisting drought system operating rules to reduce moral hazard and adverse selection. Risk-reducing and effective evaluation methods were used to determine the insurance coverage’s viability for irrigators: standard deviation gross margin, minimum gross margin, and RMSL. The proposed insurances were also evaluated using synthetic hydrological time series generated with a stochastic ARMA model through a basin-wide water resource simulation model developed in the DSS Shell AQUATOOL. Financial indicators, such as the basis risk and claim ratio were applied to analyze the economic feasibility for insurance companies. The results show that a suitable and efficient option is an early-bird contract combined with a trigger of emergency or alert state in a multi-year contract. This type of specialized insurance helps to fill the existing gap in traditional insurance schemes for irrigated crops and offered additional coverage to farmers under drought and water scarcity conditions.

Lohsse, Sebastian. "Vom Seedarlehen zur Versicherung in der mittelalterlichen Rechtswissenschaft." Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Romanistische Abteilung 133, no. 1 (September 1, 2016): 372–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.26498/zrgra-2016-0111.

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Abstract The Evolution from Sea Loans to Insurance in the Medieval Legal Discourse. In medieval law sea loan contracts are faced with the canon law prohibition of usury. The lender thus may not claim any interest on the loan. Moreover, by the decretal Naviganti the lender is also charged with usury when asking for a compensation for taking over the risk of transport by ship. The article considers the question of how and on which basis jurists subsequently justified the legitimacy of such a premium for the adoption of risk and how thereby the insurance contract originated as a spin-off of the sea loan.

Burnecki, Krzysztof, Marek A. Teuerle, and Aleksandra Wilkowska. "Ruin Probability for the Insurer–Reinsurer Model for Exponential Claims: A Probabilistic Approach." Risks 9, no. 5 (May 3, 2021): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks9050086.

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In this paper, we consider a two-dimensional risk process in which the companies split each claim and premium in a fixed proportion. It serves as a classical framework of a quota-share reinsurance contract for a given business line. Such a contract reduces the insurer’s exposure to the liabilities created through its underwriting activities. For the analyzed model, we derive a joint infinite-time ruin probability formula for exponentially distributed claims. To this end, we apply a change of measure technique. We illustrate the admissible range of parameters of the risk process. We also justify our result using Monte Carlo simulations and compare it with Theorem 2 in Avram, Palmowski and Pistorius [Insurance: Mathematics and Economics 42 (2008) 227], which was obtained by explicitly inverting a Laplace transform of the ruin probability. Our formula leads to a correction of that result. Finally, we note that the obtained formula leads to efficient approximation of the ruin probability for other claim amount distributions using De Vylder’s idea.

Denuit, Michel, Montserrat Guillen, and Julien Trufin. "Multivariate credibility modelling for usage-based motor insurance pricing with behavioural data." Annals of Actuarial Science 13, no. 2 (February 12, 2019): 378–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1748499518000349.

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AbstractPay-how-you-drive (PHYD) or usage-based (UB) systems for automobile insurance provide actuaries with behavioural risk factors, such as the time of the day, average speeds and other driving habits. These data are collected while the contract is in force with the help of telematic devices installed in the vehicle. They thus fall in the category of a posteriori information that becomes available after contract initiation. For this reason, they must be included in the actuarial pricing by means of credibility updating mechanisms instead of being incorporated in the score as ordinary a priori observable features. This paper proposes the use of multivariate mixed models to describe the joint dynamics of telematics data and claim frequencies. Future premiums, incorporating past experience can then be determined using the predictive distribution of claim characteristics given past history. This approach allows the actuary to deal with the variety of situations encountered in insurance practice, ranging from new drivers without telematics record to contracts with different seniority and drivers using their vehicle to different extent, generating varied volumes of telematics data.

Li, Chen, and Xiaohu Li. "On the Optimal Risk Sharing in Reinsurance with Random Recovery Rate." Risks 6, no. 4 (October 9, 2018): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks6040114.

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This paper studies a Pareto-optimal reinsurance contract in the presence of negative statistical dependence between the insurance claim and the random recovery rate. In the context of symmetric information model and asymmetric information model, we investigate properties of the Pareto-optimal indemnity schedules. For risk neutral reinsurer with proportional cost and associated expense, we present possible forms of the Pareto-optimal indemnity schedule as well.

Møller, Thomas. "Risk-Minimizing Hedging Strategies for Unit-Linked Life Insurance Contracts." ASTIN Bulletin 28, no. 1 (May 1998): 17–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ast.28.1.519077.

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AbstractA unit-linked life insurance contract is a contract where the insurance benefits depend on the price of some specific traded stocks. We consider a model describing the uncertainty of the financial market and a portfolio of insured individuals simultaneously. Due to incompleteness the insurance claims cannot be hedged completely by trading stocks and bonds only, leaving some risk to the insurer. The theory of risk-minimization is briefly reviewed and applied after a change of measure. Risk-minimizing trading strategies and the associated intrinsic risk processes are determined for different types of unit-linked contracts. By extending the model to the situation where certain reinsurance contracts on the insured lives are traded, the direct insurer can eliminate the risk completely. The corresponding self-financing strategies are determined.

Mall, Sunita, Prasun Ghosh, and Parita Shah. "Management of Fraud: Case of an Indian Insurance Company." Accounting and Finance Research 7, no. 3 (April 29, 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/afr.v7n3p18.

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Frauds in insurance are typically where a fraudster tries to gain undue benefit from the insurance contract by ignorance or wilful manipulation. Using the claims data in motor insurance obtained from a Mumbai based insurance company for the time period of 2010-2016, this study focuses on studying the pattern exhibited by those claims which have been rejected and accepted as well. The prime objective of the study is to identify the important or the significant triggers of fraud and predicting the fraudulent behaviour of the customers using the identified triggers in an existing algorithm. This study makes use of statistical techniques like logistic regression & CHAID (Chi Square Automatic Interaction Detection) technique to identify the significant fraud triggers and to determine the probability of rejection & acceptance of each claim coming in future respectively. Data mining techniques like decision tree and confusion matrix are used on the important parameters to find all possible combinations of these significant variables and the bucket for each combination.This study finds that variables like Seats/Tonnage, No Claim Bonus, Type of Vehicle, Gross Written Premium, Sum Insured, Discounts, State Similarity and Previous Insurance details are found to be significant at 1% level of significance. The variables like Branch Code and Risk Types are found to be significant at 5% level of signify cance. The Gain chart depicts that our model is a fairly good model. This research would help the insurance company in settling the legitimate claims within less time and less cost and would also help in identifying the fraudulent claims.

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Дисертації з теми "Insurance contract/Risk/Claim":

Kouki-Zekri, Mériem. "Analyse du risque en assurance automobile : nouvelles approches." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020012/document.

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La recherche menée dans cette thèse propose une contribution à l’analyse du risque sur le marché de l’assurance automobile en France. Trois nouveaux axes sont présentés : le premier axe s’inscrit dans un cadre théorique de marché d’assurance automobile. Un modèle original de double asymétrie d’information est présenté. Le principal résultat qui en découle est l’existence de deux sortes de contrats d’équilibre : un contrat séparateur et un contrat mélangeant. Le deuxième point est lié à la prise en compte de la sinistralité passée dans l’étude de la relation risque - couverture. Des modèles bivariés et trivariés sont appliqués pour cette fin. Il en ressort que l’hypothèse de l’asymétrie d’information est vérifiée. Enfin, la troisième question soulevée dans cette thèse concerne l’application de la surprime aux jeunes conducteurs. Nous montrons par des modélisations économétriques de la sinistralité que la légitimité des assureurs à proposer quasi systématiquement des tarifs plus élevés aux jeunes conducteurs par rapport aux conducteurs expérimentés n'est pas toujours vérifiée
This dissertation provides a contribution to the risk analysis on the French automobile insurance market. The objective of this thesis is threefold. The first aim relates to a theoretical framework applied on insurance market. An original model of double asymmetry of information is presented The main result that emerges is the existence of two kinds of contracts at equilibrium :a separating contract and a pooling contract. The second point concerns the past claims and the risk-coverage correlation. Bivariate and trivariate models are applied for this purpose. It results that the assumption of asymmetry of information is not rejected. The third issue is related to the over-premium that insurers apply quasi-systematically to the young drivers. We show, using econometric modeling, that this over-pricing compared to the experienced drivers’premium isnot necessary and its removal does not compromise the sustainability of the insurance company

Brunel, Guillaume. "L'assurance de protection juridique : contribution à l'évolution du modèle assuranciel de l'accès au droit et à la justice." Thesis, Perpignan, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PERP0011.

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L'assurance de protection juridique apparaît comme l'un des moyens pour faciliter l'accès au droit et financer l'accès à la justice. C'est parce qu'il existe un risque d'avoir à engager des frais pour faire valoir ou défendre ses droits que cette assurance peut répondre au besoin de l'assuré d'être protégé juridiquement et financièrement. L'assurance de protection juridique permet-elle de garantir un réel accès au droit et à la justice. L’objectif de recherche est de proposer une évolution de l’assurance de protection juridique pour améliorer l’accès au droit et à la justice. La première partie de la thèse est consacrée au développement de l'assurance de protection juridique et à sa contribution pour l'accès au droit et à la justice. Nos recherches montrent que les assureurs de protection juridique ont contribué, au cours du XXe siècle, à l'émergence d'un système assuranciel d'accès au droit et à la justice. Cependant, le droit positif n'a pas conféré à cette branche d'assurance un système capable de répondre aux nouveaux besoins assuranciels, nés des attentes des justiciables en termes de connaissance du droit et d'accès à la justice, ou attendus par les pouvoirs publics en termes de financement de l'aide juridictionnelle. Si l'analyse du système actuel nous amène à comprendre les limites de l'assurance de protection juridique, les résultats de la recherche montrent qu'une négation des limites de l'assurance de protection juridique porterait atteinte aux principes fondamentaux qui régissent l'assurance. En effet, l'assureur sélectionne les risques pour déterminer ceux qu'il va garantir. Au-delà de ces limites, il n'est plus question de mutualisation mais de solidarité. La solidarité, née de la demande des pouvoirs publics pour le financement de l'aide juridictionnelle, à laquelle une approche révolue, fondée sur l'assurance des frais de procès, ne peut répondre. Pour y remédier, la deuxième partie de la thèse s'attache à proposer une évolution du modèle assuranciel actuel afin d’améliorer l'accès au droit et à la justice. L'approche restrictive du rôle de l'assureur de protection juridique, en tant qu'assureur de procès, n'est plus adaptée. Il ne s'agit plus d'indemniser les préjudices subis mais de garantir la gestion juridique d'un litige. L'assureur de protection juridique ne doit donc plus être cantonné dans un rôle de tiers payeur d’indemnités ; au contraire, doit être favorisée une approche privilégiant la prévention et le règlement amiable des litiges. Après avoir déterminé la manière dont les compagnies d'assurance peuvent contribuer à cette évolution, nos conclusions nous amènent à proposer un modèle adapté de résolution des désaccords, issu de recherches en droit comparé qui justifie, non seulement une évolution du régime de l'assurance de protection juridique, mais aussi celle du modèle assuranciel d'accès au droit et à la justice
The legal protection insurance appears to be one of the means of facilitating access to the law and financing access to justice. It is because there is a risk of having to incur costs to assert or defend his rights that, this insurance can meet the need of the insured to be legally and financially protected. The research objective is to determine whether the current system allows legal protection insurance to guarantee real access to law and justice. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the development of legal protection insurance and its contribution to access to law and justice. Our research shows that legal protection insurers have contributed, during the 20th century, to the emergence of an insurance system for access to law and justice. However, positive law has not conferred on this branch of insurance a system capable of answer at the new insurance needs, born of the expectations of litigants in terms of knowledge of the law and access to justice, or expected by the public authorities in terms of funding legal aid. If the analysis of the current system leads us to understand the limits of legal protection insurance, the research results show that a negation of the limits of legal protection insurance would undermine the fundamental principles that govern insurance. Indeed, the insurer selects the risks to determine which ones it will guarantee. Beyond these limits, it is no longer a question of pooling but of solidarity. Solidarity, born from the request of the public authorities for the financing of legal aid, which an outdated approach, based on trial expense insurance, cannot respond. To remedy this, the second part of the thesis endeavors to propose an evolution of the current insurance model to improve access to law and justice. The restrictive approach of the role of the legal protection insurer as a lawsuit insurer is no longer appropriate. It is no longer a question of compensating for damages suffered but of guaranteeing the legal management of a dispute. The legal protection insurer should therefore not no longer be confined in a role of third payer of indemnities ; on the contrary, should be preferred an approach favoring the prevention and the amicable settlement of disputes. After determining the way in which the insurance companies can contribute to this development, our conclusions lead us to propose an adapted model of conflict resolution, resulting from research in comparative law, which justifies not only an evolution of the regimen of legal protection insurance but also that of the insurance model of access to law and justice

Yeo, Keng Leong Actuarial Studies Australian School of Business UNSW. "Claim dependence in credibility models." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Actuarial Studies, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25971.

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Existing credibility models have mostly allowed for one source of claim dependence only, that across time for an individual insured risk or a group of homogeneous insured risks. Numerous circumstances demonstrate that this may be inadequate and insufficient. In this dissertation, we developed a two-level common effects model, based loosely on the Bayesian model, which allows for two possible sources of dependence, that across time for the same individual risk and that between risks. For the case of Normal common effects, we are able to derive explicit formulas for the credibility premium. This takes the intuitive form of a weighted average between the individual risk's claims experience, the group's claims experience and the prior mean. We also consider the use of copulas, a tool widely used in other areas of work involving dependence, in constructing credibility premiums. Specifically, we utilise copulas to model the dependence across time for an individual risk or group of homogeneous risks. We develop the construction with several well-known families of copulas and are able to derive explicit formulas for their respective conditional expectations. Whilst some recent work has been done on constructing credibility models with copulas, explicit formulas for the conditional expectations have rarely been made available. Finally, we calibrate these copula credibility models using a real data set. This data set relates to the claims experience of workers' compensation insurance by occupation over a 7-year period for a particular state in the United States. Our results show that for each occupation, claims dependence across time is indeed present. Amongst the copulas considered in our empirical analysis, the Cook-Johnson copula model is found to be the best fit for the data set used. The calibrated copula models are then used for prediction of the next period's claims. We found that the Cook-Johnson copula model gives superior predictions. Furthermore, this calibration exercise allowed us to uncover the importance of examining the nature of the data and comparing it with the characteristics of the copulas we are calibrating to.

Moerup, Casper Jacob. "Prediction of claim cost in general insurance." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18176.

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Mestrado em Actuarial Science
O trabalho seguinte foi realizado durante uma colocação de estágio na If Industrial P & C Insurance, em Estocolmo, na Suécia. Este relatório destaca e discute algumas das diferenças entre o seguro industrial e privado e percorre o processo de “Análise do Ano Normal”. A análise avalia os dados das reivindicações com o objetivo de projetar as perdas em um ano no futuro. A Teoria do Risco Colectivo e a Estimação da Máxima Verossimilhança são utilizadas para obter uma estimativa da gravidade das reivindicações. Além disso, as reservas são estimadas usando o método Chain-ladder. A seção final do relatório descreve uma análise de sensibilidade de um modelo para as reservas de ajuste de sinistros. Esta análise mostra o impacto da introdução de dois novos parâmetros, o que explica a parte já desenvolvida das reivindicações abertas.
The following work was carried out during an internship placement at If Industrial P&C Insurance in Stockholm, Sweden. This report highlights and discusses some of the differences between Industrial and Private insurance and walks through the “Normal Year Analysis”-procedure. The analysis assesses the claims data with the goal of projecting the losses one year into the future. Collective Risk Theory and Maximum Likelihood Estimation is used to obtain an estimate of the severity of the claims. In addition, the reserves are estimated, using the Chain-ladder method. The final section of the report describes a sensitivity analysis of a model for the Claims Adjustment Reserves. This analysis shows the impact of introducing two new parameters, which accounts for the already developed part of the open claims.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Chen, Hua. "Contingent Claim Pricing with Applications to Financial Risk Management." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/rmi_diss/22.

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Contingent Claim Pricing with Applications to Financial Risk Management By Hua Chen 2008 Committee Chair: Samuel H. Cox and Shaun Wang Major Academic Unit: Department of Risk Management and Insurance This is a multi-essay dissertation designed to explore the contingent claim pricing theory with non-tradable underlying assets, with emphasis on its applications to insurance and risk management. In the first essay, I apply the real option pricing theory and dynamic programming methods to address problems in the area of operational risk management. Particularly, I develop a two-stage model to help firms determine optimal switching triggers in the event of an influenza epidemic. In the second essay, I examine mortality securitization in an incomplete market framework. I build a jump-diffusion process into the original Lee-Carter model and explore alternative model with transitory versus permanent jump effects. I discuss pricing difficulties of the Swiss Re mortality bond (2003) and use the Wang transform to account for correlations of the mortality index over time. In the third essay, I study the valuation of the non-recourse provision in reverse mortgages. I model the various risks embedded in the HECM program and apply the conditional Esscher transform to price the non-recourse provision. I further examine the premium structure of HECM loans and investigate whether insurance premiums are adequate to cover expected claims.

Al-Tassan, Fahad. "The importance of ancillary insurance benefits by members of Medicare risk contract insurance plan." Thesis, Boston University, 2000. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/29783.

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Corzo, de la Colina Rafael, and Mendoza José Villafuerte. "Great risk insurances and disproportionate protection of insured persons in insurance contract Law." IUS ET VERITAS, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122964.

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In this article, the authors tell us about great risk insurances and describe its regulation in foreign law. Then, they point out the protective role of State in the consumption relationship is to reduce information asymmetries, but there is no total disclosure obligation in the market. Therefore, information asymmetry ceases to be relevant when the user of the service has negotiating capacity and necessary resources to make an informed decision. They conclude it is pertinent to equate the application of the Peruvian Insurance Contract Law to international standards.
En el presente artículo, los autores nos hablan de los seguros de grandes riesgos y describen su tratamiento en la legislación extranjera. Luego, señalan que el rol protector del Estado en la relación de consumo es reducir las asimetrías informativas, pero no existe una obligación total de divulgación de información en el mercado. Por lo tanto, la asimetría informativa deja de ser relevante cuando el usuario del servicio tenga capacidad de negociación y recursos suficientes para tomar una decisión informada. Concluyen que es pertinente equiparar la aplicación de la Ley del Contrato de Seguro peruana a estándares internacionales.

Trayhorn, Benjamin. "Power plant system reliability analysis : applications to insurance risk selection and pricing." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2012. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7906.

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Within the Speciality Engineering Insurance Field the use of engineering opinion is the main component in risk analysis for underwriting decision making. The use of risk analysis tools to quantify the risk associated with perils such as mechanical breakdown is limited. A reliability model for the risk analysis of mechanical breakdown risk for the power generation sector, PowerRAT, has been developed and its performance evaluated against historic claim data. It has proven to closely forecast actual losses over a portfolio of power plants, and differentiate between power plant type; conventional steam, simple and combined cycle gas turbine plants. Differentiation based on the factors of equipment type and policy terms has been demonstrated. A review of existing survey report methodology has shown highly variable quality of reports with significant missing information on which to make underwriting decisions. A best practice survey report contents has been proposed in order to provide a consistent level of information for comparison with other risks. The development cycle of PowerRAT has led to a proposed framework for the development of future risk assessment tools for insurance. This is built on four main areas: risk identification, data analysis, calculation methodology and insurance factors.

Delgado, Marta Marina Santos. "Car renting? Risk mitigation at the end of the contract." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13015.

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Mestrado em Finanças
O renting é uma solução face à compra de uma frota completa. Nos dias de hoje é visto como uma opção flexível que permite uma melhor gestão e redução de custos, repassando os riscos associados à desvalorização dos carros para o locador. O renting de automóveis oferece vários serviços aos seus clientes, tais como: manutenção, seguro, cartão de combustível, assistência em viagem e veículo de substituição, gestão de sinistros, serviços administrativos, impostos entre outros. No entanto, no final do contrato, os clientes são muitas vezes confrontados com custos elevados não enquadráveis no desgaste habitual de uma viatura. Por outro lado, as locadoras ao receberem os veículos com danos, assumem uma perda no valor da venda. É assim fundamental encontrar um ponto de equilíbrio entre as duas partes - cliente e locadora. O objectivo do presente trabalho final de mestrado é desenvolver uma solução que ajude a minimizar e a gerir os riscos associados a um contrato de renting, nomeadamente no final do contrato. Tendo por base informação histórica, vamos apresentar uma cobertura de seguro que irá proteger os clientes dos custos elevados e permitirá às empresas de renting aumentarem a sua rentabilidade, não só através do resultado técnico da cobertura mas também através de uma carteira de investimentos.
Renting is a solution regarding the purchase of an entire fleet. Nowadays it is known as a flexible option which allows cost reductions, rationalization plans and passing of associated risks facing the car value - depreciation and used car sales. The car renting offers a lot of services as: maintenance, insurance, fuel card, road side assistance and replacement car, claim handling and administrative services, taxes, tyres and so on. However, in the end of the contract the customers are sometimes surprised with extra costs from damages not included on vehicle normal usage. On the other point of view, the renting companies also lose on the sales results. Thus, it is crucial finding a balance for the two involved parties - the customer and the renting company. The aim of the present master final work is to develop a solution which helps to minimize and to manage the inherent risks of a renting contract, particularly in the end of the contract. Based on historical data we'll present an insurance cover that can protect the customers from the "big costs" and also allows renting companies to improve the results not even by a profitability cover but also combined with different financial investments.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Zimmermann, Pavel. "General Insurance Reserve Risk Modeling Based on Unaggregated Data." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2004. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-77092.

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Recently the eld of actuarial mathematics has experienced a large development due to a signi cant increase of demands for insurance and nancial risk quanti cation due to the fact that the implementation of a complex of rules of international reporting standards (IFRS) and solvency reporting (Solvency II) has started. It appears that the key question for solvency measuring is determination of probability distribution of future cash ows of an insurance company. Solvency is then reported through an appropriate risk measure based e.g. on a percentile of this distribution. While as present popular models are based solely on aggregated data (such as total loss development from a certain time period), the main objective of this work is to scrutinize possibilities of modelling of the reserve risk (i.e. roughly said, the distribution of the ultimate incurred value of claims that have already happened in the past) based directly on individual claims. These models have not yet become popular and to the author's knowledge an overview of such models has not been published previously. The assumptions and speci cation of the already published models were compared to the practical experience and some inadequacies were pointed out. Further more a new reserve risk model was constructed which is believed to have practically more suitable assumptions and properties than the existing models. Theoretical aspects of the new model were studied and distribution of the ultimate incurred value (the modelled variable) was derived. An emphasis was put also on practical aspects of the developed model and its applicability in the case of industrial use. Therefore some restrictive assumptions which might be considered realistic in variety of practical cases and which lead to a signi cant simpli cation of the model were identi ed throughout the work. Furthermore, algorithms to reduce the number of the necessary calculations were developed. In the last chapters of the work, an e ort was devoted to the methods of the estimation of the considered parameters respecting practical limitations (such as missing observations at the time of modelling). For this purpose, survival analysis was (amongst other methods) applied.

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Книги з теми "Insurance contract/Risk/Claim":

Fabel, Oliver. Insurance and incentives in labor contracts: A study in the theory of implicit contracts. Frankfurt am Main: A. Hain, 1990.

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Office, General Accounting. Defense health care: TRICARE resource sharing program failing to achieve expected savings : report to the Chairman and Ranking Minority Member, Subcommittee on Military Personnel, Committee on National Security, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1997.

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Office, General Accounting. Defense health care: Medicare costs and other issues may affect uniformed services treatment facilities' future : report to the Chairman and Ranking Minority Member, Subcommittee on Defense, Committee on Appropriations, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1996.

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Office, General Accounting. Defense health care: Across-the-board physician rate increases would be costly and unnecessary : report to congressional committees. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): U.S. General Accounting Office, 2001.

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Office, General Accounting. Defense health care: Issues and challenges confronting military medicine : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1995.

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Office, General Accounting. Defense health care: Reimbursement rates appropriately set; other problems concern physicians : report to Congressional committees. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1998.

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Office, General Accounting. Defense health care: Fully integrated pharmacy system would improve service and cost-effectiveness : report to congressional committees. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, DC 20013): The Office, 1998.

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Office, General Accounting. Superfund: Status, cost, and timeliness of hazardous waste site cleanups : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: U.S. General Accounting Office, 1994.

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Office, General Accounting. Superfund: Stronger EPA-state relationship can improve cleanups and reduce costs : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1997.

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Office, General Accounting. Superfund: Progress made by EPA and other federal agencies to resolve program management issues : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050 Washington 37050): The Office, 1999.

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Частини книг з теми "Insurance contract/Risk/Claim":

(Mary) Tai, Hsueh-Yung. "Applications of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence." In Digital Health Care in Taiwan, 207–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05160-9_11.

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AbstractThis chapter introduces the application of National Health Insurance (NHI) big data in creating digital claim review tools and artificial intelligence (AI) training to improve review efficacy. By analyzing big data in the NHI medical information system, the National Health Insurance Administration (NHIA) can detect abnormal or unusual claims and efficiently reduce medical waste. AI models are further generated with the NHI big data to identify duplicated medical images and monitor the quality of uploaded images and test results from medical institutions.The NHIA also seeks external resources to explore the possibilities of diverse AI applications. Its big data have been applied to create an AI-based COVID-19 detection platform used by medical centers. Within it, high-risk patients’ X-ray images can be detected automatically and then an alert message is sent to doctors, thus preventing nosocomial COVID-19 infections.Besides a convenient digital claims system, the NHIA also provides contracted institutions with useful reminders, references, and graphic functions with figures and/or tables to help the quality of their self-management.

Stroinski, Krzysztof. "Modelling Motor Insurance Claim Frequencies." In Insurance and Risk Theory, 453–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4620-0_33.

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Liu, Mingyan. "A Basic Cyber Insurance Contract Model." In Embracing Risk, 15–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02381-1_2.

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Vandebroek, M., D. Gysels, and M. Goovaerts. "Probability Bounds on Compound Distributions With Given Moments on Claim Severities." In Insurance and Risk Theory, 367–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4620-0_24.

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Bunni, Nael G., and Lydia B. Bunni. "Insurance clauses of the 1999 FIDIC forms of contract." In Risk and Insurance in Construction, 312–38. 3rd ed. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003222514-9.

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Bunni, Nael G., and Lydia B. Bunni. "Insurance clauses in the various FIDIC standard forms of contract." In Risk and Insurance in Construction, 252–311. 3rd ed. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003222514-8.

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Boire, Richard. "Analytics and Data Mining for Insurance Claim Risk." In Data Mining for Managers, 229–30. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137406194_30.

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Bunni, Nael G., and Lydia B. Bunni. "The 2017 FIDIC forms of contract – White, Red, Yellow and Silver Books." In Risk and Insurance in Construction, 358–70. 3rd ed. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003222514-11.

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Doherty, Neil A., and Harris Schlesinger. "Rational Insurance Purchasing: Consideration of Contract Non-Performance." In Managing the Insolvency Risk of Insurance Companies, 283–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3878-9_11.

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Bunni, Nael G., and Lydia B. Bunni. "Risk and insurance clauses of the new 2017 FIDIC forms of contract – Clauses 17, 18 and 19." In Risk and Insurance in Construction, 371–99. 3rd ed. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003222514-12.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Insurance contract/Risk/Claim":

Miladinović, Zoran. "Opšta pravila za osiguranje imovine." In XVI Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/upk20.199m.

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The rules for property insurance are different from other insurance rules, especially from those regulating the insurance of persons. Compensation for incurred damage and interest to avoid damage are two basic principles of the property insurance. As for the first principle, the property insurance is calculated in an objective way meaning that the insurance claim cannot exceed the amount of the incurred damage. In the property insurance law this principle is known as the principle of indemnification. The other principle, the interest to avoid damage is the subjective principle in property insurance which assumes that the right to insurance is granted only to those persons whose material interest is to avoid damage. These two principles serve as the basis for establishing other general rules (characteristics) of property insurance which are discussed in this paper in details. In order to secure indemnification, the insured person’s has burden of proof to demonstrate that the damage is covered by the policy and specific risk. Double insurance and supplementary insurance are not permitted. In case of sub-insurance, damage claims are proportionally compensated. Cumulative claims (from the insurance company and from the person who caused the damage) are not permitted. Given the fact that the value of the insured property is expressed in monetary terms, and that the purpose of property insurance is the compensation of the damage incurred, the insured value, therefore, is not the important part of the insurance contract and may be omitted. The application of the mentioned insurance rules gives full meaning to the protection of the insured property since by concluding an insurance contract and paying the premium, as the price of service offered by insurance company, the insured person is protected from adverse consequences of property damage.

Alnavar, Kruthika, and C. Narendra Babu. "Blockchain-based Smart Contract with Machine Learning for Insurance Claim Verification." In 2021 5th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, Communication, Computer Technologies and Optimization Techniques (ICEECCOT). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceeccot52851.2021.9707964.

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Mantrovs, Vadims. "Tiešā prasība apdrošināšanas līgumtiesībās un tās regulējuma pilnveides nepieciešamība Latvijā." In Latvijas Universitātes 80. starptautiskā zinātniskā konference. LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.07.

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The present article deals with direct claim in insurance contract law in Latvia in conjuncture with a discussion of necessity for its modernization. At the beginning, the article provides review of direct claim in Latvian legal environment by analysing its aim and character. Furthermore, the article analyses regulation of direct claim in Latvian civil liability insurance law, particularly Article 53 of theLatvian Insurance Contract Law, in conjuncture with existing Latvian court practice by providing insight in the perception of Latvian courts in respect of application of this regulation. Likewise, this discussion is carried out closely with analysis of regulation of direct claim in other European countries, especially other Baltic states. The article proceeds with characterising modernization of Latvian civil liability insurance regulation on direct claim. Particularly, the author of the article argues that direct claim should be envisaged in Latvia at least in compulsory insurance by following the modern approach and an example of other European countries including the Baltic states. The article finishes with the conclusion summarising the discussion reflected in the article and emphasising the legislative proposal to express Article 53 of the Latvian Insurance Contract Law in a new wording envisaging direct claim at least in compulsory insurance cases.

Xin, Ma, Hang Li, and Yingnan Liu. "Research and Event Control on Risk Factors of Auto Insurance Claim." In 2021 International Symposium on Computer Science and Intelligent Controls (ISCSIC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscsic54682.2021.00060.

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Blazheska, Angela, and Igor Ivanovski. "QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF THE SELECTED NON-LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES IN THE INSURANCE MARKET OF REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA." In Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebtsf.2020.0030.

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The aim of this paper is to analyze the operational performance of the 5 dominant companies on the non-life insurance market in Republic of North Macedonia. As input in the analysis, the quarterly data for the 2009-2019 period is included for the key indicators such as the gross written premium (GWP), the gross liquidated damages, the number of insurance contracts and settled claims as well as the operating costs of the companies. These variables are observed through OLS (Ordinary Least Squares) regression analysis and VAR (Vector Autoregressive) model which demonstrates the dependence of the GWP to the rest of the indicators and their responsiveness to shocks. The findings of the study offers valuable insight and opportunities for short term recommendations and further exploration. The companies are missing the sustainability and viability of their management models and define the “shortcism” as more important for the market and operational performance. In these regard, the business models must introduce contemporary and comprehensive tools and techniques, dominantly based on IT solutions and adequate HCM changes, for risk identification and actions for lowering the claims ratio and their volume. Moreover, all the companies should evaluate the elements of the operating costs, both for sales as well as of the administrative ones, as critical components for the companies’ profitability. Very importantly, significant changes at the ALM models and higher rate of returns should inevitably create additional advantage for dynamic and sustainable models for consumer acquisition and new products and services development.

Mingyu, Lu, and Tang Zhihua. "Research on Risk Prevention and Claim Application of Construction Contract Management in Construction Engineering." In 2021 International Conference on Management Science and Software Engineering (ICMSSE). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmsse53595.2021.00079.

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Primorac, Željka. "COVID - 19 AS A “SIGNIFICANT CIRCUMSTANCE” FOR RISK ASSESSMENT IN LIFE INSURANCE (IN AND AFTER THE PANDEMIC)." In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18311.

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The data on the health status of a policyholder represent a significant circumstance for risk assessment and concluding a life insurance contract, and are also legally relevant circumstances for exercising the rights from that contract. The author starts from a theoretical analysis of the perception of data on the health status of policyholders as personal data, comparing the right to confidentiality of such data with the duty to report them (before concluding a life insurance contract) in terms of reporting all circumstances relevant to the insurance risk assessment. In order to properly fulfil the obligation of pre-contractual nature, the paper analyses the legal norms governing this issue and also provides a comparative overview of the Croatian and German insurance legislation with special emphasis on the scope of health data that the insurer is authorised to require, the clarity of legal standards and legal insurance norms contained in the insurance questionnaires and the life insurance offer. Presenting the importance of COVID-19 infection and possible chronic consequences for human health, the author indicates the extent to which COVID-19 infection (mild or severe form of disease, possible need for hospital treatment) will have an impact on the design of new insurance questionnaires and the relevance of genetic testing results in the context of concluding future life insurance contracts.

Fang, Jun, and Haifeng Wang. "Research on Power Supply and Demand Side Risk Management: Options Analyses on the Interruptible Load and Risk Insurance Contract." In 2008 4th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wicom.2008.2404.

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Miladinović, Zoran. "OBAVEZE UGOVARAČA OSIGURANjA, ODNOSNO OSIGURANIKA IZ UGOVORA O OSIGURANjU." In XV Majsko savetovanje: Sloboda pružanja usluga i pravna sigurnost. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xvmajsko.301m.

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An insurance contract is one of rare contracts in which the contracting parties have certain obligations even before they sign an insurance contract. Both the insurer and the insured have certain responsibilities before signing the contract, during the term of the contract and when the insured accident occurs. As for the responsibilities of the client, that is, the insured, besides the obligation to pay the insurance premium, his key responsibility is to inform the insurer on all the risks related to the insurance policy. The insurer will decide whether he will sign an insurance policy on the basis of the risk involved. The responsibility of the insurer to disclose all relevant information prior to signing the insurance contract is based on law, customs and court practice. Although this requirement is imposed on all the clients, there are certain differences depending on the types of insurance, particularly in the area of sanctions foreseen for not complying with it. Also, throughout the life of the policy, the insurer is required to act in line with good commercial practices treating the insured object with due attention and not being careless because of the fact the object is covered by the insurance policy. Client’s failure to comply with these legal requirements and the provisions of insurance contract may result in terminating certain obligations of the insurer agreed in the contract.

Tarsono, Ono, Preztika Ayu Ardheta, and Rininda Amriyani. "The Influence of Net Premium Growth, Claim Ratio and Risk-Based Capital on the Financial Performance of Life Insurance Companies." In Annual International Conference on Accounting Research (AICAR 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200309.015.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Insurance contract/Risk/Claim":

Collier, Benjamin, Daniel Schwartz, Howard Kunreuther, and Erwann Michel-Kerjan. Risk Preferences in Small and Large Stakes: Evidence from Insurance Contract Decisions. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23579.

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De Donder, Philippe, Marie-Louise Leroux, and François Salanié. Advantageous selection without moral hazard. CIRANO, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/nqvt3458.

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Advantageous (or propitious) selection occurs when an increase in the premium of an insurance contract induces high-cost agents to quit, thereby reducing the average cost among remaining buyers. Hemenway (1990) and many subsequent contributions motivate its advent by differences in risk-aversion among agents, implying different prevention efforts. We argue that it may also appear in the absence of moral hazard, when agents only differ in riskiness and not in (risk) preferences. We first show that profit-maximization implies that advantageous selection is more likely when markup rates and the elasticity of insurance demand are high. We then move to standard settings satisfying the single-crossing property and show that advantageous selection may occur when several contracts are offered, when agents also face a non-insurable background risk, or when agents face two mutually exclusive risks that are bundled together in a single insurance contract. We exemplify this last case with life care annuities, a product which bundles long-term care insurance and annuities, and we use Canadian survey data to provide an example of a contract facing advantageous selection.

Chaparro, Rodrigo, Maria Netto, Patricio Mansilla, and Daniel Magallon. Energy Savings Insurance: Advances and Opportunities for Funding Small- and Medium-Sized Energy Efficiency and Distributed Generation Projects in Chile. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002947.

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The Energy Savings Insurance Program seeks to promote investment in energy efficiency and distributed generation in Latin America, primarily through small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It focuses on developing an innovative scheme of guaranteed energy performance that mitigates project risk and generates investor confidence (ESI Model). The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) facilitates the development of the ESI Program in alliance with the National Development Banks (NDBs). The ESI Model includes a contract for the supply, installation, and maintenance of equipment for generating a stipulated amount of energy or energy savings over a specific time period; validation by an independent body; insurance coverage that backs the savings or the guaranteed energy generation; and project financing. This paper describes the main attributes of the ESI Model (the contract, the insurance, validation and financing), evaluates market potential and the most attractive technologies, and identifies the priority sectors for implementing projects in Chile. The most promising economic sectors were found to be the hospitality industry, food processing industry, grape growing/wine production, and the fishing industry, and the technologies of electric motors, boilers, air conditioning systems and photovoltaic solar generation. In each of these sectors, estimates were made of financing requirements as well as CO2 emission reductions that could be achieved.