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Blackwell, Alan Frank. "Metaphor in diagrams." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272809.
Повний текст джерела
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Metatla, Oussama. "Collaborating through sounds : audio-only interaction with diagrams." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2010. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1324.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The widening spectrum of interaction contexts and users’ needs continues to expose the limitations of the Graphical User Interface. But despite the benefits of sound in everyday activities and considerable progress in Auditory Display research, audio remains under-explored in Human- Computer Interaction (HCI). This thesis seeks to contribute to unveiling the potential of using audio in HCI by building on and extending current research on how we interact with and through the auditory modality. Its central premise is that audio, by itself, can effectively support collaborative interaction with diagrammatically represented information. Before exploring audio-only collaborative interaction, two preliminary questions are raised; first, how to translate a given diagram to an alternative form that can be accessed in audio; and second, how to support audio-only interaction with diagrams through the resulting form. An analysis of diagrams that emphasises their properties as external representations is used to address the first question. This analysis informs the design of a multiple perspective hierarchybased model that captures modality-independent features of a diagram when translating it into an audio accessible form. Two user studies then address the second question by examining the feasibility of the developed model to support the activities of inspecting, constructing and editing diagrams in audio. The developed model is then deployed in a collaborative lab-based context. A third study explores audio-only collaboration by examining pairs of participants who use audio as the sole means to communicate, access and edit shared diagrams. The channels through which audio is delivered to the workspace are controlled, and the effect on the dynamics of the collaborations is investigated. Results show that pairs of participants are able to collaboratively construct diagrams through sounds. Additionally, the presence or absence of audio in the workspace, and the way in which collaborators chose to work with audio were found to impact patterns of collaborative organisation, awareness of contribution to shared tasks and exchange of workspace awareness information. This work contributes to the areas of Auditory Display and HCI by providing empirically grounded evidence of how the auditory modality can be used to support individual and collaborative interaction with diagrams.
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Björklund, Daniel. "Forward engineering from interaction diagrams - can it be useful?" Thesis, University West, Department of Informatics and Mathematics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-582.
Повний текст джерела
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Ducasse, Julie. "Tabletop tangible maps and diagrams for visually impaired users." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30197/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
En dépit de leur omniprésence et de leur rôle essentiel dans nos vies professionnelles et personnelles, les représentations graphiques, qu'elles soient numériques ou sur papier, ne sont pas accessibles aux personnes déficientes visuelles car elles ne fournissent pas d'informations tactiles. Par ailleurs, les inégalités d'accès à ces représentations ne cessent de s'accroître ; grâce au développement de représentations graphiques dynamiques et disponibles en ligne, les personnes voyantes peuvent non seulement accéder à de grandes quantités de données, mais aussi interagir avec ces données par le biais de fonctionnalités avancées (changement d'échelle, sélection des données à afficher, etc.). En revanche, pour les personnes déficientes visuelles, les techniques actuellement utilisées pour rendre accessibles les cartes et les diagrammes nécessitent l'intervention de spécialistes et ne permettent pas la création de représentations interactives. Cependant, les récentes avancées dans le domaine de l'adaptation automatique de contenus laissent entrevoir, dans les prochaines années, une augmentation de la quantité de contenus adaptés. Cette augmentation doit aller de pair avec le développement de dispositifs utilisables et abordables en mesure de supporter l'affichage de représentations interactives et rapidement modifiables, tout en étant accessibles aux personnes déficientes visuelles. Certains prototypes de recherche s'appuient sur une représentation numérique seulement : ils peuvent être instantanément modifiés mais ne fournissent que très peu de retour tactile, ce qui rend leur exploration complexe d'un point de vue cognitif et impose de fortes contraintes sur le contenu. D'autres prototypes s'appuient sur une représentation numérique et physique : bien qu'ils puissent être explorés tactilement, ce qui est un réel avantage, ils nécessitent un support tactile qui empêche toute modification rapide. Quant aux dispositifs similaires à des tablettes Braille, mais avec des milliers de picots, leur coût est prohibitif. L'objectif de cette thèse est de pallier les limitations de ces approches en étudiant comment développer des cartes et diagrammes interactifs physiques, modifiables et abordables. Pour cela, nous nous appuyons sur un type d'interface qui a rarement été étudié pour des utilisateurs déficients visuels : les interfaces tangibles, et plus particulièrement les interfaces tangibles sur table. Dans ces interfaces, des objets physiques représentent des informations numériques et peuvent être manipulés par l'utilisateur pour interagir avec le système, ou par le système lui-même pour refléter un changement du modèle numérique - on parle alors d'interfaces tangibles sur tables animées, ou actuated. Grâce à la conception, au développement et à l'évaluation de trois interfaces tangibles sur table (les Tangible Reels, la Tangible Box et BotMap), nous proposons un ensemble de solutions techniques répondant aux spécificités des interfaces tangibles pour des personnes déficientes visuelles, ainsi que de nouvelles techniques d'interaction non-visuelles, notamment pour la reconstruction d'une carte ou d'un diagramme et l'exploration de cartes de type " Pan & Zoom ". D'un point de vue théorique, nous proposons aussi une nouvelle classification pour les dispositifs interactifs accessiblesDespite their omnipresence and essential role in our everyday lives, online and printed graphical representations are inaccessible to visually impaired people because they cannot be explored using the sense of touch. The gap between sighted and visually impaired people's access to graphical representations is constantly growing due to the increasing development and availability of online and dynamic representations that not only give sighted people the opportunity to access large amounts of data, but also to interact with them using advanced functionalities such as panning, zooming and filtering. In contrast, the techniques currently used to make maps and diagrams accessible to visually impaired people require the intervention of tactile graphics specialists and result in non-interactive tactile representations. However, based on recent advances in the automatic production of content, we can expect in the coming years a growth in the availability of adapted content, which must go hand-in-hand with the development of affordable and usable devices. In particular, these devices should make full use of visually impaired users' perceptual capacities and support the display of interactive and updatable representations. A number of research prototypes have already been developed. Some rely on digital representation only, and although they have the great advantage of being instantly updatable, they provide very limited tactile feedback, which makes their exploration cognitively demanding and imposes heavy restrictions on content. On the other hand, most prototypes that rely on digital and physical representations allow for a two-handed exploration that is both natural and efficient at retrieving and encoding spatial information, but they are physically limited by the use of a tactile overlay, making them impossible to update. Other alternatives are either extremely expensive (e.g. braille tablets) or offer a slow and limited way to update the representation (e.g. maps that are 3D-printed based on users' inputs). In this thesis, we propose to bridge the gap between these two approaches by investigating how to develop physical interactive maps and diagrams that support two-handed exploration, while at the same time being updatable and affordable. To do so, we build on previous research on Tangible User Interfaces (TUI) and particularly on (actuated) tabletop TUIs, two fields of research that have surprisingly received very little interest concerning visually impaired users. Based on the design, implementation and evaluation of three tabletop TUIs (the Tangible Reels, the Tangible Box and BotMap), we propose innovative non-visual interaction techniques and technical solutions that will hopefully serve as a basis for the design of future TUIs for visually impaired users, and encourage their development and use. We investigate how tangible maps and diagrams can support various tasks, ranging from the (re)construction of diagrams to the exploration of maps by panning and zooming. From a theoretical perspective we contribute to the research on accessible graphical representations by highlighting how research on maps can feed research on diagrams and vice-versa. We also propose a classification and comparison of existing prototypes to deliver a structured overview of current research
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ARAUJO, ANA CAROLINA INNECCO C. DE. "SUPPORTING THE DESIGN AND THE INTERPRETATION OF HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION DIAGRAMS REPRESENTED IN MOLIC." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=12418@1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORComo os usuários de computadores pessoais costumam enxergar um sistema computacional interativo como a própria interface, é desejável que esta seja construída de forma que eles entendam para que serve o sistema, o que ele permite que seus usuários façam e de que forma, para quem se destina etc. De acordo com a Engenharia Semiótica, fundamentação teórica deste trabalho, tais questões são transmitidas aos usuários por uma metamensagem do designer, comunicada pela sua interface, através de conversas entre usuário e designer - este último através de seu representante em tempo de interação, o preposto do designer. A Engenharia Semiótica propõe, antes da construção da interface concreta, uma etapa de modelagem da interação usuário-sistema, na qual o designer modela todas as possíveis conversas que consegue prever para que os usuários atinjam suas metas. Para a execução desta etapa, criou-se, em 2003, a MoLIC (Modeling Language for Interaction as Conversation), uma linguagem de modelagem que representa a interação como as possíveis conversas entre usuário e designer. Apesar de ter sido proposta como uma ferramenta epistêmica, a MoLIC ainda não tinha tido suas características epistêmicas exploradas explicitamente. Este trabalho visa explorar o valor epistêmico da MoLIC, apoiando a reflexão do designer através de um conjunto de perguntas que ele pode se fazer sobre a representação da interação, de forma a atingir dois objetivos. O primeiro é apoiar a atividade de (re)design em si, através da explicitação das conseqüências das decisões de design representadas na MoLIC. O segundo é apoiar a interpretação da interação humano-computador, a fim de que o próprio designer ou um outro leitor seja capaz de entender e explicar modelos MoLIC seguindo a metáfora de uma conversa entre usuário e designer.
Personal computer users frequently view an interactive computational system as the user interface itself. Therefore, it´s desirable that such interface be developed in a way they can understand what the system is for, what it allows their users to do and in which way, for whom it´s made etc. Based on Semiotic Engineering, which is the theoretical foundation of this work, such issues are being conveyed to the users in a metamessage from the designer, communicated by its user interface, through conversations between the user and the designer - this one through his deputy at interaction time, the designer´s deputy. Before the concrete user interface is developed, Semiotic Engineering proposes to model the user-system interaction as a dialogue. In this stage, the designer models all the possible ways he anticipates that the users will be able to accomplish their goals. For this stage, a modeling language called MoLIC (Modeling Language for Interaction as Conversation) was created in 2003 to represent the interaction as the possible conversations between the user and the designer. Although it has been proposed as an epistemic tool, until now MoLIC had not had its epistemic features explored explicitly. This work aims to explore the epistemic value of MoLIC, supporting the designer`s reflection through a set of questions that he might ask for himself about the interaction representation, in order to accomplish two goals. The first one is to support the (re)design activity itself, by making explicit the consequences of the design decisions represented in MoLIC. The second one is to support the interpretation of the human-computer interaction represented in MoLIC, so that the designer or any other reader would be able to understand and explain MoLIC diagrams based on the conversation metaphor.
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ALVES, EVELYN GABBAY. "INTERACTION DIAGRAMS FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE SLENDER COLUMNS AND CROSS-SECTIONS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2000. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=1784@1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOA utilização do concreto de alta resistência já é uma realidade e muitos países estão adaptando suas normas para levar em conta as propriedades deste material. No dimensionamento de pilares esbeltos e seções com concreto de alta resistência é importante observar a relação tensão- deformação adotada no cálculo, pois enquanto para o concreto convencional a deformação máxima, ecu, é 0,0035, para o de alta resistência esta deformação depende do valor da resistência do concreto, diminuindo com o aumento do fck. Para um concreto com fck = 80 MPa, por exemplo, ecu é em torno de 0,0022 de acordo com as relações tensão - deformação propostas pelo MC90-CEB. A relação tensão- deformação com ecu dependente de fck irá alterar os diagramas de interação adimensionais para o dimensionamento de pilares esbeltos e concreto de alta resistência. São construídos neste trabalho diagramas de interação força normal - momento fletor - curvatura (n,m,f) e força normal - momento fletor - índice de esbeltez (n,m,l) para o dimensionamento de pilares esbeltos e diagramas de interação (nd,md) e (nd,mdx,mdy) para o dimensionamento de seções submetidas a flexão composta reta e oblíqua. Adotou- se a relação tensão-deformação proposta pelo MC90-CEB e valores de fck de 50 a 80 MPa. Os diagramas para pilares esbeltos foram construídos com auxílio do programa PCFRAME (KRÜGER, 1989) e os diagramas para o dimensionamento de seções foram construídos com um programa desenvolvido neste trabalho. Através dos resultados, observa-se que, como ecu depende de fck, todos os diagramas de interação sofreram diferenças, podendo ser dito ainda que o uso dos diagramas já existentes, construídos com ecu constante e igual a 0,0035, pode conduzir a erros contra a segurança estrutural.
The use of high strength concrete is already a reality and many countries are adapting their design codes to take into account the properties of this material. For the design of slender columns and sections subjected to combined axial force and bending, the most important property is the stress-strain relationship. While for normal concrete the strain at ultimate, ecu, can be considered constant and equal to 0,0035, for high strength concrete ecu depends on the concrete strength, decreasing as the strength increases. For a concrete with fck of 80 MPa, for instance, ecu is around 0,0022 according to the CEB Model Code (1990). Stress-strain relationship with ecu dependent of fck will affect the nondimensional interaction diagrams for the design of slender columns and sections of high strength concretes. Nondimensional interaction diagrams moment-axial load-curvature (m,n,f) and diagrams moment-axial load- slenderness ratio (m,n,l), for the design of slender columns, and nondimensional interaction diagrams (md,nd) and (nd,mdx,mdy) , for compression plus axial and biaxial bending of sections, are constructed in this work. The diagrams were constructed for concretes with strength between 50 MPa and 80 MPa, adopting suitable stress-strain relationships recommended by the CEB Model Code 1990. The diagrams for slender columns were constructed with the aid of an existing computational program developed in an earlier thesis, while the diagrams for the design of sections were constructed with a new program, specially developed in this work. The results have shown that all these diagrams are affected, even when presented in a nondimensional form, when stress-strain diagrams with ecu dependent of fck are adopted. The use of traditional nondimensional interaction diagrams, constructed with ecu constant and equal to 0,0035, may lead to errors against structural safety.
La utilización del concreto de alta resistencia es una realidad actual y muchos países estan adaptando sus normas para tener en cuenta las propiedades de este material. En el dimensionamiento de pilares esbeltos y secciones con concreto de alta resistencia es importante observar la relación tensión-deformación que se adopta en el cálculo, porque mientras para el concreto convencional la deformación máxima, ecu, es 0,0035, para el de alta resistencia esta deformación depende del valor de la resistencia del concreto, diminuyendo con el aumento del fck. Para un concreto con fck = 80 MPa, por ejemplo, ecu es en torno de 0,0022 de acordo con las relaciones tensión - deformación propostas por el MC90-CEB. La relación tensión- deformación con ecu dependente de fck alterará los diagramas de interacción adimensionales para el dimensionamiento de pilares esbeltos y concreto de alta resistencia. En este trabajo se construyen diagramas de interacción fuerza normal - momento flector - curvatura (n,m,f) y fuerza normal - momento flector - índice de esbeltez (n,m,l) para el dimensionamiento de pilares esbeltos y diagramas de interacción (nd,md) y (nd,mdx,mdy) para el dimensionamiento de secciones sometidas a flexión compuesta recta y obliqua. se adoptó la relación tensión-deformación propuesta por el MC90-CEB y valores de fck de 50 la 80 MPa. Los diagramas para pilares esbeltos fueron construidos con auxilio del programa PCFRAME (KRÜGER, 1989) e implementamos un programa para obtener los diagramas para el dimensionamiento de las secciones. A través de los resultados se observa que, como ecu depende de fck, todos los diagramas de interacción sufren diferencias, y puede decirse que el uso de los diagramas construidos con ecu constante e igual la 0,0035, pueden conducir a errores que afectan la seguridad extructural.
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Martin, Timothy Michael. "Codes of Interaction." VCU Scholars Compass, 2005. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/849.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The ideas within this thesis are meant to clarify my explorations, research and painting practice during my studies at Virginia Commonwealth University. I expand on my general statements about being fascinated by advancing technologies and concerned about the after effects of these advancements. The writing explores my curiosity about the internal, skeletal structure of things and how they operate. I explain how the paintings are idiosyncratic hybrids that evoke animation, imaginary scientific propositions, blueprints, maps, and advancing technologies. The work combines these interests with my observations of day-to-day experiences. Isolated events provide found compositions which I then manipulate: a seemingly mundane bike ride gets mapped into a well–ordered schematic of social interaction.
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Abouelleil, Alaaeldin. "Interaction domain in non-prestressed circular concrete bridge piers using simplified modified compression field theory." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18996.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Master of ScienceDepartment of Civil Engineering
Hayder Rasheed
The importance of the analysis of circular columns to accurately predict their ultimate confined capacity under shear-flexure-axial force interaction domain is recognized in light of the extreme load event imposed by the current AASHTO LRFD specification. In this study, various procedures for computing the shear strength are reviewed. Then, the current procedure adopted by AASHTO LRFD 2014, based on the simplified modified compression field theory, is evaluated for non-presetressed circular concrete bridge piers. This evaluation is benchmarked against experimental data available in the literature and against Response 2000 freeware program that depicts interaction diagrams based on AASHTO 1999 requirements. Differences in results are discussed and future improvements are proposed. A new approach is presented to improve the accuracy of AASHTO LRFD calculations. The main parameters that control the cross section shear strength are discussed based on the experimental results and comparisons.
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Louati, Aymen. "Contribution à la formalisation et à la vérification des diagrammes dynamiques UML2 à base des réseaux de Petri." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CNAM1106/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Les systèmes informatiques envahissent de plus en plus notre quotidien, en allant de la plus simple application de lecture des fichiers audio, à la plus critique comme les voitures et les avions. Dans les systèmes critiques, la validation par vérification formelle s'impose. Cette thèse s'inscrit dans ce cadre et tend à doter le langage UML, langage de modélisation standard de facto, d'une sémantique formelle pour des finalités de vérification. En premier lieu, nous avons analysé et révisé le fondement théorique des principales approches de formalisation et de vérification issues de la littérature et se focalisant sur le langage UML, ses profils et les concepts des réseaux de Petri (RdPs). En deuxième lieu, nous avons proposé une nouvelle approche hiérarchique de formalisation des diagrammes globaux d'interactions (IOD). En se basant sur ce point, nous avons développé des formalismes temporels et temporisés des diagrammes de Timing UML2 (TD), appliqués par des exemples d'illustration. Ensuite, nous avons conçu une approche de vérification sur les approches développées, s'intéressant aux Systèmes Temps Réel (STRs), utilisant l'extension temporelle du langage des contraintes objets OCL/Temps Réel (OCL TR), le profil UML MARTE et la logique temporelle temporisée (TCTL), exploitée d'une technique de vérification automatique après la transformation du modèle (Model Checking). Enfin, nous avons appliqué les formalismes proposés sur une étude de cas, afin de garantir leurs efficacités logique et temporelleThe computer systems have increasingly invaded our daily lives from the simplest application as audio files reading to the most critical one as cars and airplanes. For critical systems, the validation by the formal verification is required. This Thesis concerns this area of research and aims to ensure the betterment of UML language, which is the de facto standard, with formal semantics for verification finality. For the first part, we have analyzed and revised the theoretical foundations the existing formal verification methods used UML, their profiles and the basic concepts of the Petri nets (PNs). For the second part, we have created a novel hierarchical approach to formalize the Interaction Overview Diagrams (IOD). Based on this idea, we have developed temporal formalisms based on the UML2 Timing Diagrams (TD), applied by illustration examples. Then, we have proposed a Formal Verification approach based on last formalisms which are interested in Real Time Systems (RTS) and employ the temporal extension of the Object Constraints language (OCL/Real Time) (OCL TR), the UML MARTE profile and the timed computation Tree logic (TCTL), given by the Model Checking technique after the model's transformation. Finally, we have applied all the proposed formalisms through a case study, in order to ensure its logical and temporal efficiency
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Mikulka, David. "Pokročilý nástroj pro monitorování Oracle Databáze." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-237133.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This master's thesis describes possibilities of Oracle Database 10g and 11g monitoring. It let the reader know about practical tools for monitoring and describes the database's internal catalogs preserving statistics and the information about running database instances within history. Next, it describes design of an Oracle database monitoring tool, describtion of its implementation and at the end its evaluation and comparison with other similar applications.
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Nur, Kazım Gökberk. "Visualizing Logical Architecture of Electrical and Electronic (E/E) Systems in Automotive Industry." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Datateknik och informatik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-47395.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Modern vehicles equipped with many hardware and software systems. To develop new functionalities and maintain existing features of the vehicles, engineers have to check relationship between software and hardware systems. Due to complexity of these relationships, visual representation of how systems are working together is required to make R&D process easier. At Scania, engineers using node-link diagrams to represent logical function architecture of the Scania vehicles. Logical function architecture is a part of electrical and electronic systems in the automotive industry, due to size of these systems they are considered as a large network. Visualizing large networks by diagrams is not a new problem in literature. At past, researches published about diagram drawing and algorithms have been developed to generate good looking diagram. However, sometimes due to complexity of the data, having complex and unreadable diagrams are unavoidable and they are hard to understand. Previous studies investigated how diagrams should be drawn, however focus was not how users should interact with the diagrams. In node-link diagrams users follows edges to understand relationships between components. Having edges in the diagram heavily affects the diagram drawing time and also required space for the diagram. In this paper I developed an artefact which is not using edges to visualize LFA at Scania. Artefact usability has been tested with Scania engineers by giving some tasks to them. In the tests, artefact without edges achieved better results than node-link diagram and 426% improvement achieved by comparing task completion times in seconds. The artefact proved that it can be powerful alternative to classic node-link diagram visualization.
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Kister, Ulrike. "Interactive Visualization Lenses:." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-236782.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Information visualization is an important research field concerned with making sense and inferring knowledge from data collections. Graph visualizations are specific techniques for data representation relevant in diverse application domains among them biology, software-engineering, and business finance. These data visualizations benefit from the display space provided by novel interactive large display environments. However, these environments also cause new challenges and result in new requirements regarding the need for interaction beyond the desktop and according redesign of analysis tools. This thesis focuses on interactive magic lenses, specialized locally applied tools that temporarily manipulate the visualization. These may include magnification of focus regions but also more graph-specific functions such as pulling in neighboring nodes or locally reducing edge clutter. Up to now, these lenses have mostly been used as single-user, single-purpose tools operated by mouse and keyboard. This dissertation presents the extension of magic lenses both in terms of function as well as interaction for large vertical displays. In particular, this thesis contributes several natural interaction designs with magic lenses for the exploration of graph data in node-link visualizations using diverse interaction modalities. This development incorporates flexible switches between lens functions, adjustment of individual lens properties and function parameters, as well as the combination of lenses. It proposes interaction techniques for fluent multi-touch manipulation of lenses, controlling lenses using mobile devices in front of large displays, and a novel concept of body-controlled magic lenses. Functional extensions in addition to these interaction techniques convert the lenses to user-configurable, personal territories with use of alternative interaction styles. To create the foundation for this extension, the dissertation incorporates a comprehensive design space of magic lenses, their function, parameters, and interactions. Additionally, it provides a discussion on increased embodiment in tool and controller design, contributing insights into user position and movement in front of large vertical displays as a result of empirical investigations and evaluationsInformationsvisualisierung ist ein wichtiges Forschungsfeld, das das Analysieren von Daten unterstützt. Graph-Visualisierungen sind dabei eine spezielle Variante der Datenrepräsentation, deren Nutzen in vielerlei Anwendungsfällen zum Einsatz kommt, u.a. in der Biologie, Softwareentwicklung und Finanzwirtschaft. Diese Datendarstellungen profitieren besonders von großen Displays in neuen Displayumgebungen. Jedoch bringen diese Umgebungen auch neue Herausforderungen mit sich und stellen Anforderungen an Nutzerschnittstellen jenseits der traditionellen Ansätze, die dadurch auch Anpassungen von Analysewerkzeugen erfordern. Diese Dissertation befasst sich mit interaktiven „Magischen Linsen“, spezielle lokal-angewandte Werkzeuge, die temporär die Visualisierung zur Analyse manipulieren. Dabei existieren zum Beispiel Vergrößerungslinsen, aber auch Graph-spezifische Manipulationen, wie das Anziehen von Nachbarknoten oder das Reduzieren von Kantenüberlappungen im lokalen Bereich. Bisher wurden diese Linsen vor allem als Werkzeug für einzelne Nutzer mit sehr spezialisiertem Effekt eingesetzt und per Maus und Tastatur bedient. Die vorliegende Doktorarbeit präsentiert die Erweiterung dieser magischen Linsen, sowohl in Bezug auf die Funktionalität als auch für die Interaktion an großen, vertikalen Displays. Insbesondere trägt diese Dissertation dazu bei, die Exploration von Graphen mit magischen Linsen durch natürliche Interaktion mit unterschiedlichen Modalitäten zu unterstützen. Dabei werden flexible Änderungen der Linsenfunktion, Anpassungen von individuellen Linseneigenschaften und Funktionsparametern, sowie die Kombination unterschiedlicher Linsen ermöglicht. Es werden Interaktionstechniken für die natürliche Manipulation der Linsen durch Multitouch-Interaktion, sowie das Kontrollieren von Linsen durch Mobilgeräte vor einer Displaywand vorgestellt. Außerdem wurde ein neuartiges Konzept körpergesteuerter magischer Linsen entwickelt. Funktionale Erweiterungen in Kombination mit diesen Interaktionskonzepten machen die Linse zu einem vom Nutzer einstellbaren, persönlichen Arbeitsbereich, der zudem alternative Interaktionsstile erlaubt. Als Grundlage für diese Erweiterungen stellt die Dissertation eine umfangreiche analytische Kategorisierung bisheriger Forschungsarbeiten zu magischen Linsen vor, in der Funktionen, Parameter und Interaktion mit Linsen eingeordnet werden. Zusätzlich macht die Arbeit Vor- und Nachteile körpernaher Interaktion für Werkzeuge bzw. ihre Steuerung zum Thema und diskutiert dabei Nutzerposition und -bewegung an großen Displaywänden belegt durch empirische Nutzerstudien
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Dreijer, Janto F. "Interactive recognition of hand-drawn circuit diagrams." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2477.
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Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.When designing electronic circuits, engineers frequently make hand-drawn sketches of circuits. These are then captured with a computerised design. This study aims to create an alternative to the common schematic capture process through the use of an interactive pen-based interface to the capturing software. Sketches are interpreted through a process of vectorising the user’s strokes into primitive shapes, extracting information on intersections between primitives and using a naive Bayesian classifier to identify symbol components. Various alternative approaches were also considered. It is concluded that it is feasible to use a pen-based interface and underlying recognition engine to capture circuit diagrams. It is hoped that this would provide an attractive early design environment for the engineer and enhance productivity.
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Nilsson, Jesper. "Interactive SysML Diagrams using a Web Browser." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-80078.
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Managing and maintaining a system requires knowledge of its structure, along with the relations and interactions between its components. Systems Model- ing Language, SysML, is a language used to describe systems and enables the practice of Model-based Systems Engineering (MBSE). Having a model of a system is one key to understand the system and useful for future management and maintenance. Apart from being an advanced language, the tools that support SysML are often both advanced and expensive. This work was commissioned to create a different tool, a tool that is free, web-based, and interactive. The tool not only allows the user to look at the system but also explore the system’s design and the interesting parts of its internal structure. The tool uses a textual input to generate interactive diagrams with the possibility to filter out redundant information. Since it is available in a web browser, one can share their textual input instead of sharing pictures of diagrams. The textual input makes it possible to share a system structure in a new way, as well as to make the system model easier to maintain.
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Johnston, David. "Twistor diagrams for second order interactions with gauge fields." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339277.
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Jones, Sara. "Three-dimensional interactive connection diagrams for knowledge engineering." Thesis, City, University of London, 1993. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/20156/.
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This thesis describes research into human factors aspects of the use of 3-dimensional node and link diagrams, called Interactive Connection Diagrams (leDs), in the human-computer interface of tools for knowledge engineering. This research was carried out in two main stages: the first concentrated on perceptual aspects of 3-d ICDs, and the second on more general aspects of their use in realistic situations. A final section looked briefly at the possibility of formally specifying 3-d ICD representations. The main aim of the first stage was to investigate whether users were able to make effective judgements about the relative depths of components in 3-d ICDs. Controlled experiments were carried out to determine the extent to which such judgements were supported by the use of a particular approach to creating the illusion of depth. The results of these experiments showed that users were able to make reasonably effective judgements about the relative depths of components in 3-d ICDs. 3-d ICDs produced using the approach of interest were therefore argued to be suitable for use in the second stage of the study. In the second stage, case studies were used to investigate the utility in more realistic knowledge engineering situations of tools supporting 3-d ICDs, and the usability of depth-related features of a prototype tool which permits 3-d leDs to be viewed and edited. On the basis of the findings of these studies it is claimed that tools supporting 3-d ICDs will, in some situations, be more useful than those which employ only more conventional 2-d versions. It was found that depth-related features of the prototype tool were usable but should be improved upon in future implementations. The third and final section of work involved a preliminary investigation into the formal specification of the 3-d ICD representations of the kind used in the second set of studies. A scheme for specifying the range of 3-d leO languages currently supported by the prototype tool was developed, and each of the particular 3-d ICD languages used in the case studies were specified. Implications of the results of this work are discussed and a number of suggestions regarding directions for future work are made. The overall conclusion is that 3-d ICDs have considerable potential as a medium in which to represent knowledge structures for use in knowledge engineering.
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Persson, Anna. "Knitted Circuits for Visual and Tactile Interactive Expressions." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3519.
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As computational technology and new materials are entering the world of textiles, our view on the textile material is challenged; the areas of textiledesign and interaction design start to merge. Designing interactive textiles means communicating new expressional forms through textile material. This thesis aim to contribute to the exploration of designing interactive knitted textiles with focus on linking interactive properties, especially visual and tactile, to different ways of expressing them. Design examples and experiments presented are meant to show new possibilities for designing textile material able to change structure, colour and temperaturein different ways in response to environmental stimuli. As a way of presenting, and reflecting on, these interactive properties, a notion of expression diagrams is introduced.Photographs on pages 36, 37, 40, by Lars Hallnäs.
Other photographs by the authors and participants in the projects.
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Batistella, Carmes Ana da Rosa. "Atividades de ótica exploradas no ensino médio através de reflexões epistemológicas com o emprego do V de Gowin." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/12717.
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A Física tem uma maneira própria de olhar a natureza e de estudar seus fenômenos. Por essa razão, o ensino-aprendizagem de Física não pode estar centrado na transmissão de informações, mas sim na construção do conhecimento em um contexto amplo que envolva conteúdos, novas metodologias e novos instrumentos adequados à realidade da escola, que venham a contribuir para uma aprendizagem significativa. Dentro dessa concepção, apresenta-se uma proposta de ensino de ótica, com ênfase no estudo através de módulos didáticos. Para tal, foram elaboradas atividades didáticas incluindo simulações de eventos com o uso de novas tecnologias e, também, em laboratório convencional, exploradas em uma visão construtivista fundamentada nas teorias de Vygotsky e de Ausubel. No desenvolvimento dessas atividades procurou-se propiciar o compartilhamento de significados através de diagramas fundamentados no V de Gowin, na busca de uma aprendizagem significativa. A composição dos módulos didáticos apresenta uma motivação inicial através de exposição oral questionada, com o objetivo de despertar no aluno seus conhecimentos prévios. Em cada um dos módulos didáticos são sugeridas uma ou mais atividades a serem trabalhadas em grupos de 3 a 4 alunos, constando de experimento virtual (applets, simulações) ou real, acompanhado de guia simplificado. Essa dinâmica de trabalho gerou uma maior interação social entre os alunos; ao professor, coube o papel de mediador da atividade. Paralelamente a cada atividade, cada grupo de alunos construiu um diagrama V, que era apresentado à turma posteriormente, com o objetivo de promover discussões. A aplicação da proposta foi realizada no quarto bimestre letivo do ano de 2006, em uma turma de terceira série de Ensino Médio, noturna, da Escola Estadual de Ensino Médio Dr. Araby Augusto Nácul, em Lagoa Vermelha, RS. O material instrucional elaborado, na forma de página da Web, contém as atividades propostas nos módulos didáticos e também os correspondentes diagramas V a serem construídos pelos alunos. Também são incluídos na página da Web, como links, um material de apoio, com os conteúdos desenvolvidos nos vários módulos, e uma seção contendo exercícios de fixação. Com os alunos trabalhando em um determinado módulo didático, o material era disponibilizado nos computadores da Escola, gradualmente, para evitar que avançassem para os módulos seguintes antes de refletir sobre o conteúdo da atividade em andamento. O produto educacional, contendo o material instrucional e orientações para o seu uso, será divulgado na série Hipermídias de Apoio ao Professor de Física para que outros professores da rede de ensino possam adaptá-lo a sua realidade escolar.Physics has its own way of looking at nature and its phenomena. For this reason the Physics’ teaching must not only be centered in lecturing information, but must also construct the knowledge in a wide context involving new technologies and tools fitted to the schools' reality. This, together with physics concepts, is to build a meaningful learning. To accomplish these goals we propose an approach to Optics teaching, structured in six didactic modules based on the meaningful learning’s theory by D. Ausubel and the social interaction’s theory by L. Vygotsky. Each didactic module starts with an oral exposition presenting the motivation through challenging questions, in order to instigate the students’ previous knowledges. We then suggest one or more activities based on virtual (e.g., simulations, applets) or real experiments, with a schematic activities guide, to be worked out by groups of three or four students, with the teacher mediation, in order to deepen social interaction. Besides each experimental activity, they construct an adapted Gowin V diagram, intended to promote a meaningful learning, and finally they discuss with the rest of the class, encouraging an exchange of views about the proposed issue. This methodological proposal has been applied to 18 third high school year students, of the nightclass at "Escola Estadual de Ensino Médio Dr. Araby Augusto Nácul" at Lagoa Vermelha, RS, during the fourth bimester of the school year of 2006. The instructional material was developed as a webpage, including the proposed experimental activities and the related V diagrams. Among the webpage links, we also included additional material with the physics contents of the didactic units and exercises. The whole instructional material has gradually been made available on the School’s computers to prevent the students from going to a forthcoming activity before having made deep reflections on the lectures/subjects that were being worked out at each moment. This work is to be published in the series Hipermídias de Apoio ao Professor de Física, of Instituto de Física of UFRGS, so that other teachers can access this material and use it in their school's context.
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GONCALVES, GUSTAVO DE MIRANDA. "SUPPORTING FORMATIVE EVALUATION BASED ON MOLIC S INTERACTION DIAGRAM." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=21800@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROA avaliação de uma interface de usuário pode ser feita em diferentes fases do ciclo de desenvolvimento de um software. Avaliações formativas são aquelas feitas ao longo do processo de design, antes do sistema estar concluído, e muitas vezes, antes de uma única linha de código estar escrita. No âmbito da engenharia semiótica, a linguagem de modelagem MoLIC (Modeling Language for Interaction as Conversation) visa apoiar a reflexão do designer durante o design de IHC. No entanto, não há um método específico para avaliar soluções de interação elaboradas com a MoLIC. Visando apoiar o processo de avaliação de uma solução representada em MoLIC, este trabalho apresenta a MoLIC WOz, uma ferramenta computacional que permite emular a interação usuário-sistema representada em um diagrama de interação MoLIC. A ferramenta torna possível essa interação através da técnica Wizard of Oz (WOz), onde um usuário interage com o sistema sendo operado por uma outra pessoa (o Wizard). O objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar de que maneira a MoLIC WOz promove reflexão ao seu usuário, aquele que interage com a emulação da interação do sistema em avaliação. Para avaliar essa proposta, foi realizado um estudo com doze participantes interagindo com a ferramenta. Os resultados do estudo indicam que a MoLIC WOz tem potencial para ajudar na avaliação da comunicabilidade de diagramas de interação por promover e motivar reflexão. Novos estudos com a ferramenta são sugeridos para verificar outras formas de apoio à avaliação formativa desse modelo.
A user interface can be evaluated at different stages of the software development cycle. Formative evaluations are those that are made throughout the design process, before the system is finished, and often before a single line of code is written. Within semiotic engineering, the modeling language MoLIC (Modeling Language for Interaction as Conversation) aims to support the reflection of the designer during the HCI design. However, there is no specific method to evaluate interaction solutions prepared with MoLIC. Aiming to support the evaluation process of a solution represented in MoLIC, this work presents MoLIC WOz, a computational tool that emulates the user-system interaction represented in a MoLIC interaction diagram. The tool makes this interaction through the Wizard of Oz (WOz) technique, where a user interacts with the system being operated by another person (the Wizard). The goal of this work was to analyze how MoLIC WOz promotes reflection to its user, who plays the role of experiencing the emulation of system’s interaction. To assess this proposal, we conducted a study with twelve participants interacting with the tool. The results of this study indicate that MoLIC WOz has potential to support the communicability evaluation of MoLIC interaction diagrams through induced reflection. Further studies with the tool are suggested to verify other ways that support formative evaluations of this model.
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Jeet, E. J. "A relationship-based interactive graphical diagram editor." Thesis, University of Kent, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378580.
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Hunter, Eric D. "Using interactive diagrams to teach graduate students about statistical power /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2265.pdf.
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Hunter, Eric D. "Using Interactive Diagrams to Teach Graduate Students About Statistical Power." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2008. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1287.
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This report describes the design, development, implementation, and evaluation of a web-based tutorial designed to teach graduate students about the statistical concept of power. It contains a literature review of techniques used to teach statistics, similar computer-based programs for representing the concept of power, and instructional theories that pertain to web-based tutorials. It describes the process of designing and developing this tutorial in detail. The results section contains a description of the product implementation with three different groups and discusses the qualitative and quantitative findings from each of these implementations. Finally, there is a discussion of the tutorial's strengths and weaknesses.
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Damian, Adriana Lopes. "Técnicas para inspeção de diagramas MOLIC." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2016. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/5126.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Interaction models specify the structure and behavior of the user with the interface. They refer to the interface commands that the user can perform and the corresponding system responses. The use of interaction models in the design stage is important due to the user's perspective since problems in the user-system interaction can be mitigated. In this context, MoLIC (Modeling Language for the Conversation Interaction) allows the development of interaction solutions. The diagrams modeled with MoLIC can be used as a basis for the development of other artifacts. However, in a preliminary study regarding the use of MoLIC diagrams, we identified different types of defects, such as Omission, Incorrect Fact, Inconsistency, Ambiguity and Extraneous Information. These results indicate that there is a need to inspect MoLIC diagrams in order to avoid the propagation of these defects to other artifacts. Also, the sooner a defect is discovered, the lower the cost to repair it. This thesis presents the proposed techniques for MoLIC diagrams inspection: MoLVERIC Cards and MoLVERIC Check. To motivate the inspection of MoLIC diagrams, the MoLVERIC Cards employs gamification elements. On the other hand, MoLVERIC Check is a checklist-based inspection technique. The verification items of both techniques evaluate the consistency of MoLIC diagrams with the interaction scenario/system requirements, as well as the notation employed in the MoLIC diagrams. The techniques had their construction and evaluation supported by experimentation. The results of both techniques have provided evidence of their feasibility to inspect MoLIC diagrams.
Modelos de interação especificam a estrutura e o comportamento do usuário com a interface. Referem-se aos comandos de interface que o usuário pode executar e as correspondentes respostas do sistema. O uso de modelos de interação na etapa de design é importante devido às perspectivas do usuário, pois problemas na interação usuário-sistema podem ser mitigados. Neste contexto, a MoLIC (Modeling Language for Interaction as Conversation) proporciona o desenvolvimento de soluções de interação. Os diagramas modelados com a MoLIC podem ser usados como base para o desenvolvimento de outros artefatos. No entanto, em um estudo preliminar realizado com o objetivo de analisar o uso de diagramas MoLIC, diferentes tipos de defeitos foram identificados, tais como Omissão, Fato Incorreto, Inconsistência, Ambiguidade e Informação Estranha. Estes resultados indicam que existe a necessidade de inspecionar os diagramas MoLIC, pois evita-se a propagação destes defeitos para outros artefatos. Além disso, quanto mais cedo for detectado um defeito, menor será o custo para repará-lo. Esta dissertação apresenta as técnicas específicas para a inspeção de diagramas MoLIC, chamadas MoLVERIC Cards e MoLVERIC Check. Para motivar a inspeção dos diagramas MoLIC, a MoLVERIC Cards emprega elementos de gamificação. A MoLVERIC Check é uma técnica de inspeção baseada em lista de verificação. Os itens de verificação das duas técnicas avaliam tanto a consistência dos diagramas MoLIC com o cenário de interação/ requisitos do sistema, como a notação usada nos diagramas MoLIC. As técnicas tiveram sua construção e avaliação apoiadas por experimentação. Os resultados de ambas as técnicas forneceram evidências de viabilidade para inspecionar diagramas MoLIC.
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Lie, Jonathan Ken 1977. "Correlation of data in the unified modeling language interaction diagram." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86541.
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Wang, Yun Carleton University Dissertation Computer Science. "Interaction diagram generator a tool for visualizing use cases in smalltalk." Ottawa, 1994.
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Vasudeo, Nikhil Baburam. "The Regime Diagram for Premixed Flame Kernel-Vortex Interactions - Revisited." NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-10302009-145332/.
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Regimes of flame kernel-vortex (KV) interactions are investigated numerically using a detailed mechanism for hydrogen chemistry. The parametric simulations explore a wide range of conditions that are representative of conditions encountered at various degrees of turbulence intensity. The results show that KV interactions can be classified into five different regimes, which include 1) the laminar kernel regime, 2) the wrinkled kernel regime, 3) the breakthrough regime, 4) the global extinction regime, and 5) the regeneration after global extinction (RGE) regime. With the exception of the last regime, the transition from one regime to another in the order listed corresponds to increasing the vortex size and strength. Operation at the RGE regime reveals interesting dynamics of the flame front that results in reignition or mending of combustion regimes after most of the original kernel has extinguished due to intense straining. Two different types of combustion zones are observed, which correspond to a flamelet structure as well as to more diffuse structures of merged flame segments. A revised regime diagram of the KV interactions is proposed that includes the broader range of KV interactions and incorporate the new RGE regime.
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Lindholm, Viktor. "Designing and assessing an interactive sunburst diagram for ICD." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448541.
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The international classification of diseases (ICD) is used in healthcare as a health care classification system. The classification provides a system of diagnostic codes for classifying all diseases.The diseases includes nuanced classifications of a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances,and external causes of injury or disease. The current digital systemsfor navigating through medical records are in some areas sub-optimaland could require an extensive revision. When designing a system fornavigating through a database, in this case a set of diagnostic codes, retrieving to familiar layouts such as lists of links could intuitively become the default approach. However, resorting to familiarity, as done with the current configuration of digital ICDnavigation, may leave beneficial perks unexplored. For this thesis,an interactive sunburst diagram for the ICD codes was created toexplore areas in which a more unorthodox navigation model couldpossibly excel - This included measuring ease of use, navigationefficiency measured in time to achieve specified goals and number of clicks accumulated when navigating. The results gave no clear indication that a sunburst diagram used in this domain would bedisadvantageous or inadequate but rather suggested certain benefits.The participants using the Sunburst model for ICD navigationaccumulated less clicks, gave a more accurate estimation of how much time was spent to accomplish navigation tasks and also suggested an improvement of ergonomics.
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Doulgeroglou, Androniki-Anna. "A novel macroelement to assess the vulnerability of reinforced concrete frame stuctures under severe dynamic loadings." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ECDN0042.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cette thèse est réalisée en collaboration avec Ecole Centrale de Nantes et Groupe- ESSOR (thèse CIFRE). L’objectif principal est de développer un outil simplifié, basé sur le concept du macroélément, la théorie des poutres et la Méthode des Eléments Finis Intégrés (E-FEM), pour étudier numériquement la vulnérabilité des structures en Béton Armé (BA) de type poteaux-poutres soumises à des chargements dynamiques sévères et leur comportement jusqu’à la rupture. Un modèle aux éléments finis en 3D est d’abord établi et des lois de comportement appropriées sont adoptées. Des simulations numériques sont effectuées, en considérant plusieurs combinaisons de chargement en 3D en termes de force axiale, force du cisaillement et moment fléchissant, afin d’identifier des états caractéristiques de la réponse de la section de la poutre. Des diagrammes d’interaction en3D pour des sections carrées en BA avec des armatures positionnées symétriquement sont obtenus et un modèle de comportement simplifié en forces généralisées est implémenté dans un élément fini poutre Timoshenko. Le comportement adoucissant jusqu’à la rupture est finalement reproduit par le couplage du modèle continu généralisé à un modèle cohésif, qui décrit la réponse en termes de force généralisée-saut de déplacement généralisé, avec l’E-FEM. Des comparaisons aux résultats expérimentaux démontrent la performance de nouveau macroélément, qui en étant simple d’utilisation et rapide, est approprié pour des applications d’ingénierieThis thesis has been carried out in collaboration with Ecole Centrale Nantes and Groupe- ESSOR (thèse CIFRE). The main objective is to develop a simplified tool, based on the macroelement concept, beam theory and the Embedded Finite Element Method (E-FEM), to numerically study the vulnerability of Reinforced Concrete (RC) frame structures subjected to severe dynamic loads and their behavior till failure. A 3D finite element model of a RC structural element is first built and suitable constitutive laws are adopted. Numerical simulations, considering various 3D loading combinations of axial, shear and flexural loads, are carried out to identify characteristic states of the beam sectional response.3D interaction diagrams for symmetrically reinforced concrete square sections with various reinforcement ratios are obtained and a simplifiedstress-resultant constitutive model is implemented in a Timoshenko beam finite element. The softening behavior till failure is finally reproduced by coupling the continuous stress-resultant model to a cohesive model, which describes the response in terms of generalized force-generalized displacement jumps, within E-FEM. Comparisons with experimental results show the performance of the novel macroelementthat being simple and computationally fast is suitable for engineering design purposes
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Bird, Antony Colin. "A study of the use of fractionation diagrams for the study of bioprocess interactions." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312989.
Повний текст джерела
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Frisch, Mathias [Verfasser]. "Visualization and Interaction Techniques for Node-Link Diagram Editing and Exploration / Mathias Frisch." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2012. http://d-nb.info/102582153X/34.
Повний текст джерела
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Šály, Peter. "Návrh nabídkového diagramu řady čerpadel." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229711.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
My diploma thesis describes a procedure of creating interactive computer software for company ISH&MSA Čerpadla a.s. in its theoretical part as well as in its practical part. It is a proposal diagram of centrifugal pumps which consists of made and nonmade pumps. After the selection of a certain pump, according to the required parameters of capacity of pump and transit height, the output of the programme is drawing of a flows characteristic, characteristics of coiled paddlewheel and curves of dissipation without any differences in whether the pump is made or not. There is an operating procedure from the initial work with data, short demonstrations from source code, computation of nonmeasured pump to the ascending flows characteristics in practical part of my diploma thesis. In theoretical part, there are explained principles that are needed for comprehension of a pump reform which are used in practical part.
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Hirata, Gisele Atsuko Medeiros 1984. "Determinação de diagramas de fases e do segundo coeficiente virial osmótico B22 na cristalização de proteínas com sal volátil carbamato de amônio." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/266575.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Orientadores: Everson Alves Miranda, Pedro de Alcântara Pessôa FilhoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T01:51:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hirata_GiseleAtsukoMedeiros_D.pdf: 4140620 bytes, checksum: 01025f5b18791e6b6698c34eea1dcda4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: O segundo coeficiente virial osmótico, B22, tem sido considerado um preditor para o processo de cristalização. Uma faixa relativamente estreita de valores negativos de B22, -1x10-4 a -8x10-4 mL.mol/g2, é ideal à formação de cristais de acordo com George e Wilson (1994). Essa faixa de valores de B22 é denominada de "janela de cristalização", sendo utilizada para classificar condições adequadas de solvente à formação de cristais. Para valores maiores que -1x10-4 mL.mol/g2, a interação proteína-proteína não é suficientemente forte para a cristalização e nenhuma fase sólida é formada, enquanto para valores menores que -8x10-4 mL.mol/g2, as interações proteína-proteína são muito intensas e precipitados amorfos são formados. Dessa forma, os valores de B22 se tornaram um critério de seleção para a cristalização de proteínas, uma vez que esse coeficiente pode ser determinado por diversos métodos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar experimentalmente diagramas de fases de proteínas (lisozima, insulina suína e bovina) e identificar nesses diagramas, através de análise dos valores do B22, as condições nas quais ocorre a formação de precipitado amorfo, cristalino ou outras fases (por exemplo, fase líquida). O "salting-out" foi o método escolhido para precipitar as proteínas, pois é considerado um dos mais simples e importantes métodos para induzir a cristalização. O sal volátil carbamato de amônio foi o agente de "salting-out" escolhido. As técnicas de espalhamento de luz estático (SLS) e cromatografia de auto-interação (SIC) foram usadas para determinar os valores de B22 para as proteínas em diferentes soluções aquosas de sal a 15 e 25 °C. O fenômeno de "salting-out" foi observado nos diagramas para as três proteínas estudadas. Valores negativos de B22 e altos valores da constante de "salting-out" - entre 1,07 a 3,77 kg/mol - confirmaram que o sal volátil carbamato de amônio empregado neste estudo é um bom agente precipitante. Os valores do B22 para a insulina suína (-250x10-4 a -18x10-4 mol.ml/g2 a 25 °C e -187x10-4 a -45,2x10-4 mol.ml/g2 a 15 °C) e insulina bovina (-999x10-4 a 6,7x10-4 mol.ml/g2 a 25 °C e -533x10-4 a -16,7x10-4 mol.ml/g2 a 15 °C) indicaram a precipitação, o que também foi confirmado pelos ensaios de cristalização. Já para a lisozima, obteve-se formação de cristais independente do valor de B22 encontrado (-20,4x10-4 a -3,6x10-4 mol.ml/g2 a 25 °C e -400x10-4 a -14,4x10-4 mol.ml/g2 a 15 °C). Além disso, os modelos teóricos disponíveis na literatura utilizados para a obtenção de uma estimativa do parâmetro B22 são adequados e válidos para as condições em que a medida experimental não é possível, podendo ser aplicados para o sistema proteína/sal volátil. Dessa forma, este trabalho mostrou que não existe uma "janela de cristalização universal" válida para todos os sistemas e o uso do sal volátil carbamato de amônio como agente de cristalização é uma alternativa ao uso de sais convencionais.
Abstract: The osmotic second virial coefficient, B22, has been used as a predictor of crystallization. A relatively narrow range of negative B22 values, -1x10-4 to -8x10-4 mL.mol/g2, is the ideal range for crystal formation according to George and Wilson (1994). This range, referred to as the "crystallization slot", has been used to classify suitable conditions under which proteins will assemble into crystals. For B22 values greater than -1x10-4 mL.mol/g2, the protein-protein interaction is very weak and no solid phase is formed, while for values less than -8x10-4 mL.mol/g2, the protein-protein interactions are very intense and amorphous precipitates are formed. Thus, the B22 value has become a selection criterion for protein crystallization, since this coefficient can be determined by various methods. This study aimed to determine the experimental phase diagrams for proteins (lysozyme and bovine and porcine insulin) and to identify those diagram conditions under which amorphous precipitate, crystals or other phases (for example, liquid phase) are formed, based on the values of B22. The salting-out method to precipitate proteins was chosen because it is considered one of the simplest and most important methods to induce crystallization. The volatile salt ammonium carbamate was chosen as the salting-out agent. Traditional static light scattering (SLS) and the novel self-interaction chromatography (SIC) technique were used to determine B22 values for the proteins in different aqueous salt solutions at 15 and 25 °C. The salting-out phenomenon was observed in the phase diagrams for the three proteins studied. Negative B22 values and high values of the salting-out constant - between 1.07 to 3.77 kg/mole (Cohn, 1925) - confirmed that ammonium carbamate was a good precipitant agent. The B22 values for porcine (-250x10-4 to -18x10-4 mol.ml/g2 at 25 °C and -187x10-4 to -45.2 x10-4 mol.ml/g2 at 15 °C) and bovine (-999x10-4 to 6.7x10-4 mol.ml/g2 at 25 °C and -533x10-4 to -16.7x10-4 mol.ml/g2 at 15 °C) insulin indicated precipitation that was confirmed experimentally. However, lysozyme was obtained as crystals, regardless of the B22 values found (-20.4x10-4 to -3.6 x10-4 mol.ml/g2 at 25 °C and -14.4x10-4 to -400x10-4 mol.ml/g at 15 °C). In addition, thermodynamic models available in the literature and suitable for the conditions under which experimental measurements were done provided a good fit to the data. Thus, this work showed that there is no universal "crystallization slot" applicable to all systems and that for crystallization agent, volatile salt ammonium carbamate can serve as an alternative to conventional salts.
Doutorado
Desenvolvimento de Processos Biotecnologicos
Doutora em Engenharia Quimica
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Asherie, Neer Ruben 1971. "The phase diagram of globular protein solutions : the role of the range of interaction." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50336.
Повний текст джерела
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Lyman, Edward. "Phase Diagram of a Driven Lattice Gas of Two Species with Attractive Interactions." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27513.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We study the phase diagram of an interacting lattice gas of two species of particles and holes, driven out of equilibrium by a local hopping bias (denoted by `E').
Particles interact by excluded volume and nearest-neighbor attractions. We present a detailed Monte Carlo investigation of the phase diagram. Three phases are found, with a homogenous phase at high temperatures and two distinct ordered phases at lower temperatures. Which ordered phase is observed depends on the parameter f, which controls the ratio of the two types of particles. At small f, there is nearly a single species, and a transition is observed into a KLS-type ordered phase. At larger f, the minority species are sufficiently dense to form a transverse blockage, and a sequence of two transitions are observed as the temperature is lowered.
First, a continuous boundary is crossed into an SHZ-type ordered phase, then at a lower temperature a first-order boundary is crossed into the KLS-type ordered phase. At some critical value of f is a bicritical point, where the first-order line branches from the two continuous boundaries. We also consider correlations in the homogenous phase, by constructing a continuum description and comparing to the results of simulations. Long range correlations are present in both the theoretical results and the simulations, though certain details of the theory do not fit the observations very well. Finally, we examine the beahvior of three-point correlations in the single-species (KLS) limit. Nontrivial three-point correlations are directly related to the nonzero bias E. We therefore consider the behavior of the three-point correlations as a function of E. We find that the three-point signal saturates very rapidly with E. There are some difficulties interpreting the data at small E.Ph. D.
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Hajiw, Stéphanie. "Des interactions entre nanoparticules d’or hydrophobes à leur auto-assemblage." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS080/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Comme de nombreux colloïdes, des nanoparticules métalliques recouvertes de ligands en suspension s’organisent au-delà d’une fraction volumique seuil et forment ce que l’on appelle un « supracristal ». Ce sont ainsi des systèmes modèles, déjà largement étudiés à partir de suspensions dans des solvants volatils, qui permettent de mieux comprendre l’auto-assemblage de sphères déformables. Les interactions qui conduisent à l’auto-assemblage sont couramment décrites par une compétition entre une attraction de van der Waals entre les cœurs métalliques et une répulsion entre les ligands qui va dépendre de l’affinité entre les ligands et le solvant. Un effet du solvant a déjà été observé sur l’auto-organisation de nano-objets. En mesurant par diffusion de rayons X aux petits angles le facteur de structure de suspensions de nanoparticules d’or greffées, j’ai pu sonder de façon systématique les interactions entre des nanoparticules en suspension avec plusieurs tailles de cœur, des ligands alcane-thiols de longueur différente et dans différents solvants à la fois volatils et non volatils. J’ai ainsi pu mettre en évidence une interaction attractive inattendue dans des alcanes linéaires flexibles et dont l’intensité augmente avec la longueur de l’alcane. Pour corréler les interactions entre particules à leur diagramme de phase, j’ai suivi le processus de cristallisation dans des suspensions en solvant volatil ou partiellement volatil ainsi qu’en émulsion, techniques qui permettent d’augmenter lentement la concentration en nanoparticules. Les interactions attractives induites par le solvant contribuent ainsi à la formation de supracristaux à de très faibles fractions volumiques. A de fortes concentrations, la structure des supracristaux ne dépend pas du solvant utilisé mais, à forte densité de greffage, du rapport R entre la longueur des ligands et le diamètre du cœur d’or. Pour un rapport R voisin de 0.7, la structure finale observée est cubique centrée, la structure à concentration intermédiaire étant cubique à faces centrées. Pour un rapport R deux fois plus petit, une structure originale a été mise en évidence. Il s’agit d’une structure hexagonale de grand paramètre de maille, analysée comme une phase de Frank et Kasper de type MgZn2 ou C14. C’est la première fois qu’une telle phase à empilement local tétraédrique est observée dans un système de sphères monodisperses molles. L’existence de cette phase ainsi que le rôle du rapport R a pu être interprétée en estimant quantitativement la compétition entre l’attraction de van der Waals forte et l’entropie des ligandsAs many colloids, metallic nanoparticles grafted with hydrophobic ligands self-assemble above a volume fraction threshold and thus build superlattices. These model systems, which are widely studied when suspended in volatile oils, enable a better understanding of soft spheres self-assembly.Interactions which lead to self-assembly are commonly described by the combination of van der Waals attraction with interaction between the ligand shells. The shell behavior is controlled by the ligand affinity with the solvent. An effect of the solvent on the self-assembly of nanoparticles has already been observed. Using a small angle X-ray scattering, I measured, through the structure factor, the interactions between gold nanoparticles grafted with alkanethiols in different oils, at various concentrations, for different lengths of ligands and core diameters. I noticed an attractive interaction when using flexible linear alkanes as solvent. It has also been shown that the attraction intensity increases with the solvent length.In order to correlate the interactions between particles to their phase diagram, I studied the crystallization process by concentrating nanoparticles using evaporation in capillaries or Ostwald ripening in emulsions. I showed that attractive interactions induced by the solvent lead to superlattices formation at very low volume fractions.At high concentrations, the superlattice structure depends on the ratio of the ligand length over the gold core diameter. For a ratio around 0.7, the final structure observed is body centered cubic, whereas at lower concentration, it is face centered cubic. When this ratio is halved, an unexpected structure is observed. It is a hexagonal structure with a large lattice parameter. It has been analyzed as a Frank and Kasper’s phase named MgZn2 or C14. It is the first time that this topologically close-packed structure is observed for monodisperse soft spheres. The existence of this phase and the role of the ratio R have been interpreted by considering quantitatively the competition between ligands entropy and the strong van der Waals attraction
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Steinberg, Aman. "The Functional Renormalisation Group and the Phase Diagram of Strongly Interacting Matter." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kärnfysik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-213291.
Повний текст джерела
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Fennimore, Todd F. "Understanding change in medicine and the biomedical sciences: Modeling change as interactions among flows with arrow diagrams." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1307626543.
Повний текст джерела
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Reeder, Philip Michael. "Inter-piece sampling and convolution : portfolio of 5.1 acousmatic and electronica compositions, interactive diagrams and text." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2013. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/8759/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This practice-based PhD – ‘Inter-piece Sampling and Convolution’ – evolved against the background of composers such as Amon Tobin and Monty Adkins, who use techniques and workflows common to both acousmatic and electronica music. The pieces in this thesis are linked through a sustained commitment to working across these two musical contexts and through their relationships to source materials and pulses. Sound materials have been sampled from within the pieces themselves, and materials from older pieces have been convolved with newer sounds, furthering the connections between pieces. The continual feeding-forward of source material promoted the synchronous development of the conceptual tool: Input, Sculpt, Output, which brought about the evolution of intricate diagrams. All of the pieces are for fixed media, and nine of the ten are in 5.1-format surround sound. The complex web of interrelationships created by the process of sampling and convolving material from previous pieces demanded an innovative means of representation. This representation took on a diagrammatic form in order to facilitate the analysis of a sound’s continuous (re)appropriation, explicated within supporting text. The diagrams indicate the extensive use of sampling and convolution to connect pieces, and include embedded hyperlinks to audio at various stages. As a result, textual analysis of techniques and their implications takes place across multiple pieces, and results in a wider scope for individual commentaries. The hyperlinked nature of the diagrams provides a foundation for further research, and a number of conclusions are posited about the use of sampling and convolution across multiple pieces.
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Brusko, Andrii, and Андрій Вадимович Бруско. "Interactive logo." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/50239.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
WS2815 12v addressable led chip datasheet
2. https://core.telegram.org/bots/api
3. http://www.orangepi.org/orangepizero/
4. PCA9685 16-channel, 12-bit PWM Fm+ I2C-bus LED controller Product
datasheet
5. https://www.python.org/doc/Nowadays the interior decor is extremely diverse and every day new creative solution appears. But the interior of educational institutions is usually ignored, instead, standard solutions are used that are cheap, purely practical, and often unaesthetic. Using the idea of IoT an interactive logo (of the faculty) with an Internet connection was developed, which allows anyone and anywhere to change the lighting mode, including color and animation. The device itself represents wall sign in the form of text and logo, which has the effect of contour light.
Нині декор інтер’єру надзвичайно різноманітний і кожен день новий креативний з'являється рішення. Але інтер'єр навчальних закладів, як правило, ігнорується, використовуються стандартні рішення, які є дешевими, суто практичними та часто неестетичними. Використовуючи ідею IoT, інтерактивний логотип (факультету) з Інтернетом було розроблено з’єднання, яке дозволяє будь-кому і де завгодно змінювати освітлення режим, включаючи кольори та анімацію. Сам пристрій являє собою настінний знак у формі тексту та логотип, що має ефект контурного світла.
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Ferhat, Karim. "Fluctuations quantiques dans des systèmes de spins et de charges en interaction." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY087/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cette thèse s'intéresse à deux types de systèmes de différents degrés de liberté en interaction, et soumis à des fluctuations quantiques.Dans le premier projet abordé dans le manuscrit, on établit un diagramme de phase d'électrons en interactions dans un cristal bidimensionnel à géométrie kagome. Ce diagramme de phase est dressé en fonction de deux paramètres étant les interactions coulombiennes entre électrons sur un même atome pour le premier, et sur des atomes plus proches voisins pour le second. Les énergies caractéristiques de ces deux interactions sont quantifiées par rapport à une énergie de référence étant celle des fluctuations quantiques. On met alors en évidence quatre phases dont deux sont nouvelles, alors que les deux autres font le lien avec la littérature déjà existante, et sont en accord avec cette dernière. Ces deux nouvelles phases émergent lorsque l'énergie de répulsion coulombienne entre électrons sur un même atome domine devant l’énergie caractéristique des fluctuations quantiques. En présence d’une forte répulsion coulombienne entre électrons sur des atomes plus proches voisins, les charges électroniques ne peuvent se délocaliser pour former des ondes de Bloch et sont soumis à ce que l’on appelle une contrainte locale de charge. Apparaissent alors sous la compétition de ces deux interactions coulombiennes, des modes unidimensionnels collectifs le long des chaines d’atomes antiferromagnétiquement ordonnées. Ces modes ont la particularité d’être stabilisés à la fois par les fluctuations des degrés de liberté de spin, et de charge des électrons. La seconde de ces nouvelles phases émerge lorsque la répulsion coulombienne entre électrons sur des atomes voisins devient faible devant les fluctuations quantiques. La contrainte locale est alors relâchée et les électrons forment des ondes de Bloch le long de ce qui s’apparente à des bulles quantiques unidimensionnelles et polarisées en spin. Ces bulles sont alors piégées dans un cristal d’électrons inversement polarisés, avec lesquels elles sont en interaction antiferromagnétique.Le second projet porte sur l’étude d’un aimant moléculaire de Terbium Double-Decker. Cette molécule peut être modélisée par trois degrés de liberté interagissant en cascade les uns avec les autres. Le premier d’entre eux est un degré de liberté de spin nucléaire porté par le noyau de l’ion terbium de la molécule. Ce spin nucléaire est en interaction d’échange avec un degré de liberté de spin électronique porté par les électrons de l’ion terbium. Enfin, en première approximation, ce spin électronique génère un champ dipolaire auquel sont soumis les deux ligands de l’aimant moléculaire. Ces deux ligands sont couplés à deux électrodes de source et de drain, assurant le transport d’électrons uniques à travers ces deniers. Le tout forme donc un transistor à électron unique dans lequel les ligands servent de boîte quantique. Par mesure de magnéto-conductance, il est donc possible par une lecture en cascade, de remonter à l’état du spin électronique et du spin nucléaire. La première étape du projet a donc consisté à établir un modèle décrivant l’aimant moléculaire couplé à ces deux électrodes, afin de prédire les mesures de conductance réalisées au travers du transistor lors des thèses de Stefen Thiele et Clément Godfrin. Les résultats théoriques et expérimentaux obtenus sont en accord quantitatifs.D’autres part, à l’aide de champs électriques radio-fréquences, il est possible de manipuler expérimentalement et de façon cohérente le spin nucléaire. Cette manipulation cohérente du spin nucléaire se fait par l’intermédiaire du nuage électronique de l’ion, et permet ainsi d’être en mesure de réaliser un algorithme quantique sur le spin nucléaire de l’ion terbium. La réalisation d’un programme de simulation a permis de guider la réalisation expérimentale de l’algorithme de Grover, lequel a été implémenté avec succès au cours de la thèse de Clément GodfrinThis thesis focuses on two different spin and charge systems, interacting under the effect of quantum fluctuations.The first project highlights the phase diagram of interacting electrons on a kagome lattice. This diagram is driven by two Coulomb repulsions. The first is a on site repulsion, and the second a nearest neighbor one. These two repulsions are in competition with quantum fluctuations of electronic charges. Four phases are depicted, two are unknown and the two other are in agreement with the literature. The two new phases are stabilized in the strong on site repulsion regime. When nearest neighbor repulsions are strong enough to induce a charge local constraint, the system enters in a so called Heisenberg-Loop Phase. These loops are antiferromagnetically arranged and can be described by a Heisenberg-like model in which both charge and spin play surprisingly a role in the exchange interaction. The second new phase is stabilized in the regime where nearest neighbor interactions are too weak to maintain the local constraint. Then, half of the electrons are delocalized in unidimensional Bloch states similar to quantum polarized electronic bubbles. These bubbles are trapped in an inversely polarized electronic cristal formed by the other electrons. This peculiar phase is favored by both quantum charge fluctuations in the bubbles, and antiferromagnetic exchanges between their electrons and the cristal ones.The second project deals with a Terbium Double-Decker molecular magnet. This molecule is modeled by three interacting degrees of freedom. The first is a nuclear spin of the Terbium ion, and the second is the electronic spin of this same ion. The two spins interact via a magnetic exchange.In a first approximation, the effect of the electronic spin is to induce a dipolar field. Finally, the last degree of freedom is carried by two ligands under the influence of the dipolar field. The ligands play the role of a read-out quantum dot, and by conductance measurements through this last one, we can probe the electronic spin and then, the nuclear spin. The first step of this project highlights the modeling of the global system. Then numerical computations are depicted and are in a quantitative agreement with the experimental measurements realized during the thesis of Stefan Thiele and Clément Godfrin.On the other hand, by applying electrical Radio Frequency Fields, we can drive quantum fluctuations on the nuclear spin. This quantum manipulation of the spin is realized by the dynamic deformation of the electron cloud under the effect of the Radio Frequency Field. As a result, we are able to implement a Grover Quantum Algorithm on the nuclear field. This thesis focuses on the realization of a simulation program that was a tool used by Clément Godfrin to successfully implement the Grover Algorithm
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Widjaja, Matius Andy. "The Influence of the Recommended LRFD Guidelines for the Seismic Design of Highway Bridges on Virginia Bridges." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31453.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The influence of the recommended LRFD Guidelines for the seismic design of highway bridges in Virginia was investigated by analyzing two existing bridges. The first bridge has prestressed concrete girders and is located in the Richmond area. The second bridge has steel girders and is located in the Bristol area. The analysis procedure for both bridges is similar. First the material and section properties were calculated. Then the bridge was modeled in RISA 3D. Live and dead load were imposed on the bridge to calculate the cracked section properties of the bridge. The period of vibration of the bridge was also calculated. After the soil class of the bridge was determined, the design response spectrum curve of the bridge was drawn. The spectral acceleration obtained from the design spectrum curve was used to calculate the equivalent earthquake loads, which were applied to the superstructure of the bridge to obtain the earthquake load effects. Live and dead loads were also applied to get the live and dead load effects. The combined effects of the dead, live and earthquake loads were compared to the interaction diagram of the columns and moment strength of the columns. The details of the bridge design were also checked with the corresponding seismic design requirement.A parametric study was performed to explore the effects of different column heights and superstructure heights in different parts of Virginia. The column longitudinal reinforcing was increased to satisfy the bridge axial loads and moments that are not within the column interaction diagram.Master of Science
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Warren, Nicola. "A study of polymer-surfactant interactions by neutron reflectivity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365840.
Повний текст джерела
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Duruisseau, Mickaël. "Améliorer la compréhension d’un programme à l’aide de diagrammes dynamiques et interactifs." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I042/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Les développeurs occupent une place prépondérante dans le développement logiciel. Dans ce cadre, ils doivent réaliser une succession de tâches élémentaires (analyse, codage, liaison avec le code existant...), mais pour effectuer ces tâches, un développeur doit régulièrement changer de contexte de travail (recherche d’information, lecture de code…) et analyser du code qui n’est pas le sien. Ces actions nécessitent un temps d’adaptation élevé et réduisent l’efficacité du développeur. La modélisation logicielle est une solution à ce type de problème. Elle propose une vue abstraite d’un logiciel, des liens entre ses entités ainsi que des algorithmes utilisés. Cependant, l’Ingénierie Dirigée par les Modèles (IDM) est encore trop peu utilisée en entreprise. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons un outil pour améliorer la compréhension d’un programme à l’aide de diagrammes dynamiques et interactifs. Cet outil se nomme VisUML et est centré sur l’activité principale de codage du développeur. VisUML fournit des vues (sur des pages web ou sur des outils de modélisation) synchronisées avec le code. Les diagrammes UML générés sont interactifs et permettent une navigation rapide avec et dans le code. Cette navigation réduit les pertes de temps et de contextes dues aux changements d’activités en fournissant à tout moment une vue abstraite sous forme de diagramme des éléments actuellement ouverts dans l’outil de codage du développeur. Au final, VisUML a été évalué par vingt développeurs dans le cadre d’une expérimentation qualitative de l’outil afin d’estimer l’utilité d’un tel outilDevelopers dominate in software development. In this context, they must perform a succession of elementary tasks (analysis, coding, linking with existing code ...), but in order to perform these tasks, a developer must regularly change his context of work (search information, read code ...) and analyze code that is not his. These actions require a high adaptation time and reduce the efficiency of the developer. Software modeling is a solution to this type of problem. It offers an abstract view of a software, links between its entities as well as algorithms used. However, Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) is still underutilized in business. In this thesis, we propose a tool to improve the understanding of a program using dynamic and interactive diagrams. This tool is called VisUML and focuses on the main coding activity of the developer. VisUML provides views (on web pages or modeling tools) synchronized with the code.The generated UML diagrams are interactive and allow fast navigation with and in the code. This navigation reduces the loss of time and context due to activity changes by providing at any time an abstract diagram view of the elements currently open in the developer’s coding tool. In the end, VisUML was evaluated by twenty developers as part of a qualitative experimentation of the tool to estimate the usefulness of such a tool
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Ficheux, Marie-Françoise. "Etude de systèmes mixtes polymère / tensioactif en phases organisées : diagrammes de phases et interactions." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10624.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Des systemes mixtes ou un tensio-actif et un polymere sont simultanement presents en solution aqueuse sont l'objet de cette etude pour l'essentiel experimentale. Les tensio-actifs, anioniques, peuvent former des structures lamellaires (cristal liquide smectique a) ou hexagonales (cristal liquide colonnaire). Les polymeres, hydrosolubles et non-ioniques, sont inseres dans ces structures. Le diagramme de phases de tels systemes est etabli. On remarque dans certains cas la presence d'une separation de phase entre deux phases lamellaires pour des teneurs intermediaires en tensio-actif et en polymere. La contribution attractive aux interactions entre bicouches en phase lamellaire due a la presence du polymere, est etudiee quantitativement par des experiences de diffusion de la lumiere et des neutrons. Les resultats suggerent la presence ou la proximite d'un point critique lamellaire-lamellaire
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Ball, Andrew. "Commensurabilité magnétique à longue période et anisotropie dans la série hexagonale RGa2 (R=Pr, Nd, Gd)." Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10075.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Les composes hexagonaux simples rga(r=gd, pr et nd) sont d'excellents candidats pour l'etude de structures magnetiques frustrees complexes resultant des interactions d'echange a longue portee. Par l'utilisation de techniques experimentales variees, nous avons mis en evidence sur ces composes des proprietes magnetiques originales et hautement complexes. Dans le cas de gdga#2, un champ magnetique induit des changements subtils dans la configuration antiphase incommensurable de la phase en champ nul. Ces processus peuvent se resumer en trois diagrammes de phases champ-temperature d'une complexite etonnante vue l'absence d'anisotropie magnetocristalline. Un modele de champ moyen periodique montre que les structures sous champ sont de type x-y en eventail, mettant ainsi en evidence l'existence d'une faible anisotropie d'echange. Les composes prga#2 et ndga#2 presentent des structures magnetiques en champ nul de type ising, confinees dans le plan hexagonal. Pres de t#n, ces structures sont incommensurables et evoluent a basse temperature vers des structures commensurables a longue periode. Dans prga#2, le champ applique induit des transitions metamagnetiques de type spin-slip et spin-flip entre differentes configurations magnetiques commensurables a longue periode. Apres une etude approfondie du champ cristallin, le modele du champ moyen periodique nous a permis d'analyser quantitativement les proprietes magnetiques principales de ce compose: chaleur specifique, aimantation, susceptibilite. . .
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Chirat, Mathieu. "Synthèse de nouveaux tensioactifs macromoléculaires complexants et étude de leurs interactions avec le cobalt pour le développement d’un procédé de décontamination des textiles en milieu CO2 dense." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENCM0018/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cette étude porte sur la décontamination de matrices textiles en milieu CO2 dense (CO2 liquide ou CO2 supercritique). Elle s'inscrit dans le cadre de la décontamination des textiles utilisés dans l'industrie nucléaire. Le CO2 dense est proposé comme alternative au milieu aqueux utilisé dans le procédé actuel et qui génère une importante quantité d'effluents aqueux contaminés nécessitant un post-traitement. Le contaminant étudié est le cobalt qui peut se présenter sous forme ionique ou particulaire. L'extraction du cobalt en milieu CO2 dense est assurée par un additif : un tensioactif macromoléculaire CO2-phile/CO2-phobe complexant. Plusieurs familles d'additifs ont été synthétisées par polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée : des copolymères à gradient comportant des motifs CO2-philes, siliciés ou fluorés, et des motifs CO2-phobes complexants de types acétoacétoxys, diéthylphosphonates ou acides phosphoniques. Le comportement de ces copolymères dans le CO2 dense a été évalué grâce à la détermination des diagrammes de phases copolymère-CO2 (par la mesure du point de trouble) et grâce à l'étude de leur autoorganisation dans le CO2 dense (par diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles). Les copolymères fluorés se sont avérés être les plus avantageux en termes de solubilité. Néanmoins, les copolymères siliciés présentent une solubilité compatible avec le procédé et ils constituent donc une alternative intéressante pour éviter la présence de fluor gênant pour le conditionnement des déchets nucléaires. L'étude de la complexation du cobalt par les copolymères (par spectrométrie UV-visible et par torche à plasma couplée à un spectromètre d'émission atomique) a permis d'établir des relations entre le type de motif complexant et l'affinité avec le cobalt. La solubilité dans le CO2 dense de ces complexes copolymères-cobalt est comparable à celle des copolymères seuls. De plus, l'étude de l'auto-organisation en milieu CO2 dense a révélé un faible taux d'agrégation des complexes copolymères-cobalt. Enfin, les copolymères synthétisés ont été mis en oeuvre dans les procédés de décontamination particulaire et ionique. Dans le cas du procédé de décontamination ionique, l'emploi du copolymère à gradient poly(acrylate de 1,1,2,2-tétrahydroperfluorodécyle-co-diacide vinylbenzylphosphonique) a permis d'atteindre environ 70% de décontamination grâce à la formation d'une microémulsion d'eau dans le CO2 dense. L'efficacité du procédé dedécontamination a été portée à 97% grâce à l'emploi de pyridine comme tiers additifThis study is about textile decontamination in dense CO2 (liquid CO2 or supercritical CO2). The study is carried out in the framework of decontamination of textile used in the nuclear industry. The dense CO2 offers an alternative to aqueous medium used in the current process which generates a huge quantity of contaminated aqueous effluent requiring a post-treatment. Cobalt is the targeted contamination and can be found as ionic species or particles. The cobalt extraction in dense CO2 is achieved with an additive : a complexing CO2-philic/CO2-phobic macromolecular surfactant. Several types of additives were synthesized by controlled free radical polymerization : gradient copolymers made with CO2-philic groups (silicone-based or fluorinated moieties) and CO2-phobic complexing groups (acetoacetoxy, diethylphosphonate or phosphonic acid moieties). The copolymer behavior in dense CO2 was determined by phase diagram measurements (cloud point method) and their self-assembly in dense CO2 was investigated by small angle neutron scattering. The fluorinated copolymers were found advantageous in terms of solubility. Nevertheless, the silicone-based copolymers showed solubilities which are compatible with the process, therefore they are a good alternative to avoid fluorinated compounds which are unwanted in the conditioning of nuclear wastes. The study of cobalt complexation by the copolymers (UV-vis spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy) established relations between the type of complexing group and the affinity with the cobalt. The solubility of copolymer-cobalt complexes in dense CO2 is similar to those of copolymers. Moreover, the self-assembly study of the complex revealed a low aggregation. Finally, the synthesized copolymers were used in particle or ionic decontamination processes. In the case of ionic decontamination process, a rate of 70% of decontamination was reached with the use of gradient copolymer poly(1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorodecyle acrylate-covinylbenzylphosphonic diacid) which allowed the formation of water-in-CO2 microemulsion. The efficiency of the decontamination process was even improved up to 97% with the addition of pyridine in the process
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Esque, Jérémy. "Topologie des macromolécules en interaction : analyse structurale des protéines à l'aide des diagrammes de Voronoï et Laguerre." Cergy-Pontoise, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CERG0461.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Les protéines sont des macromolécules essentielles dans le fonctionnement des cellules. Leurs structures sont gouvernées par des interactions entre résidus, unités fondamentales des protéines dont les spécificités proviennent de leur chaîne latérale. Connaissant la position des résidus dans l'espace, il est possible de représenter les protéines sous forme de graphes. Le diagramme de Voronoï, et son dual, le diagramme de Delaunay, ont été montrés pertinents pour l'analyse structurale de ces macromolécules. J'ai développé VLDP (Voronoï Laguerre Delaunay Protein), un programme d'analyses topologiques pour l'étude des protéines à l'aide de ces diagrammes. VLDP a été utilisé pour étudier les volumes des résidus et leurs contacts dans les protéines globulaires, ce sujet est d'intérêt pour aider à la compréhension du repliement des protéines. Pour comprendre le mécanisme de transport du fer à travers FepA, VLDP a été utile pour analyser le réseau d'eau à travers cette protéine membranaireProteins are biological macromolecules and essential in the cell function. Their structures are governed by interactions between residues, fundamental unities of proteins with specificities coming from their side chain. From space positions of residues, protein can be described by building of a graph. The Voronoï diagram and its dual, the Delaunay diagram, have been shown relevant to analyze the structures of these macromolecules. I have developed VLDP (Voronoï Laguerre Delaunay Protein), a program for topological analyses to study proteins, by using these diagrams. VLDP has been used to study the residue volumes and their contacts inner globular proteins, this topic is interesting in the understanding of protein folds. In order to understand the transport mechanism of iron through FepA, VLDP has been applied to analyze the water network crossing this membrane protein
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Rahbari, Ramine. "Interactions entre les copolymeres acrylamide-acide acrylique et l'aluminium." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13107.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ce travail concerne les interactions de l'aluminium avec les copolymeres acrylamide/acide acrylique utilises en recuperation assistee du petrole. Un modele theorique tenant compte des interactions electrostatiques a ete propose. Les phenomenes de separation de phase, de gelification et les proprietes rheologiques qui en decoulent sont etudies, les diagrammes de phases sont etablis
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Theussl, Lukas. "Quelques problèmes liés à la description de systèmes en interaction forte." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001604.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Dans la première partie de ce travail, nous avons traité de quelques sujets qui sont pertinents dans le domaine de la physique des résonances nucléoniques dans le cadre des différents modèles des quarks constituants. Dans ce contexte, nous avons concentré nos recherches sur la description théorique des désintégrations Pi et Nu des résonances N et Delta. Les résultats obtenus montrent la nécessité d'une description plus microscopique de la dynamique responsable à la fois pour la liaison des quarks dans les baryons et la désintégration de ceux-ci.Dans la seconde partie de notre étude nous avons contribué à une recherche sur le rôle de l'échange de deux bosons croisés dans l'équation de Bethe-Salpeter, aussi bien qu'à l'étude de différentes approches tri-dimensionelles, qui proviennent de l'équation de Bethe-Salpeter dans une réduction non relativiste, en particulier une équation avec interaction dépendante de l'énergie. Il est montré qu'une telle équation reproduit bien certaines propriétés de l'équation de Bethe-Salpeter et, en particulier, qu'il émerge aussi des solutions anormales dans une telle approche.
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Kotchi, Kouadio Pierre. "Contribution à l'étude thermodynamique des liquides métalliques à fortes interactions." Aix-Marseille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX11056.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mesures, par calorimetrie de reaction directe, des enthalpies integrales et partielles de formation des systemes pb-se, sn-se et pb-se-sn. Determination des diagrammes de phases, des enthalpies de formation et de fusion des composes intermetalliques. Analyse du comportement thermodynamique de formation des liquides ternaires pb-se-sn a partir des parametres d'interactions binaires