Готові списки джерел за темами / Investment groups

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Investment groups"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 15 вересня 2021

Оновлено: 10 лютого 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Investment groups":

Segelod, Esbjörn. "Investments and investment processes in professional service groups." International Journal of Production Economics 67, no. 2 (September 2000): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-5273(99)00139-5.

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Walker, Mark D. "Industrial Groups and Investment Efficiency*." Journal of Business 78, no. 5 (September 2005): 1973–2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/431449.

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Parkes, David C., and Bernardo A. Huberman. "Adaptive Portfolio Selection by Investment Groups *." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 31, no. 16 (June 1998): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)40449-6.

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Chapman, S. D. "British-Based Investment Groups before 1914." Economic History Review 38, no. 2 (May 1985): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2597145.

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de Oliveira, P. M. C. "Investment/taxation model: Investors in groups." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 537 (January 2020): 122588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2019.122588.

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Djulius, Horas, Choi Wongyu, J. Juanim, and Raeni Dwi Santy. "Nexus of Foreign Direct Investment, Domestic Investment, and Manufacturing Industry Value Added in Indonesia." Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi 8, no. 1 (March 10, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v8i1.9520.

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The development of the manufacturing industry is one of the standards for Indonesia's development as a developing country. Domestic investment (DI) and foreign direct investment (FDI) can meet investment needs in this industry. This paper focuses on the nexus of the two types of investment in meeting investment needs in the manufacturing industry and the influence of those investments in relatively capital-intensive and relatively labor-intensive industrial groups. The aim is to evaluate the role of both types of investments and their benefits to the economy not only to the value-added but also in transferring technology and knowledge spillover from FDI to DI. The panel data regression was first to do to observe the differences between groups of relatively capital-intensive industrial samples and relatively labor-intensive industrial samples. The comparison results show that there are significant differences between the two industry groups so that it can be regressed on these two sample types, apart from the regression of the overall sample. The overall sample found that both FDI and DI influence the value-added of the manufacturing industry.

Korotkova, Yana. "Internal Capital Markets in Russian Business Groups: Evidence from Corporate Investments." Journal of Corporate Finance Research / Корпоративные Финансы | ISSN: 2073-0438 14, no. 2 (September 3, 2020): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/j.jcfr.2073-0438.14.2.2020.58-71.

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Although business groups occupy strong positions in Russia, existing studies on Russian group-affiliated companies are insufficient yet to provide a thorough understanding of how the internal capital markets of business groups operate and influence corporate activities. The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of the internal capital markets on the investments of Russian group-affiliated companies. What motivates the use of internal capital markets? Does the reallocation of intragroup funds help mitigate financing constraints of group members and facilitate their investments? To find relevant answers we apply the generalized method of moments (GMM) to estimate investments models based on data for 514 Russian companies affiliated with 48 business groups over the period from 2014 to 2018. Following the existing studies based on both Q model of investment and the Euler equation model, we analyze the relationship between subsidiaries’ investments and such factors as lagged investments, sales, leverage, asset profitability and liquidity as well as the size of both subsidiaries and their groups. The results reveal that leverage and profitability of business groups positively influence the investment activity of subsidiaries. These findings support our hypotheses that the internal capital markets of Russian business groups are active and help mitigate the financial constraints of affiliated companies. Meanwhile, we find that subsidiaries’ investment activity is negatively related to their asset profitability which is typical for tunneling or propping practices followed by controlling shareholders. The results also show some evidence of the positive relationship between subsidiaries’ cash flows and investments, demonstrating that the internal capital markets in Russia do not eliminate the financial constraints of group-affiliated companies. The findings on the internal capital markets of Russian business groups described in this paper may be useful for managers seeking for mechanisms to increase the financial resource availability for large and medium companies in the context of sanctions, macroeconomic instability and yet not sufficiently developed financial markets in Russia.

CHAPMAN, S. D. "Investment groups in India and South Africa." Economic History Review 40, no. 2 (May 1987): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.1987.tb00432.x.

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Gerasimova, Svetlana, and Lyudmila Borshch. "Assessment of Investment Resources of the Region in the Strategic Context." Regionalnaya ekonomika. Yug Rossii, no. 1 (April 2019): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/re.volsu.2019.1.10.

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The article analyzes the theory and practice of strategic planning, since increasing the welfare of the region is directly dependent on investments in the means of production, infrastructure development and technological development, and investments are needed for these purposes. The effectiveness of the implementation of the regional development strategy is provided by the comprehensiveness of the measures that form the investment environment, which can provide a certain socio-economic effect for the region, while increasing its competitiveness. With this aim, an important methodological task of choosing methods and tools for analyzing and evaluating the use of investment resources is determined. An assessment of strategic planning in the region was made on the example of the Republic of Crimea (hereinafter referred to as the region) on the formation of an attractive investment climate. Positive and negative factors of development of investment activity for the formation of a favorable investment climate have been identified. Investment indicators are used to more fully substantiate and comprehensively characterize the state of regional investments. All indicators correspond to a consistent system, determine the interconnectedness and interdependence of the development of investment activities. An assessment of investment activity in the region was carried out using an indicative method for estimating values by groups of indicators, followed by a comparison of the actual values of the indicators to assess the effectiveness of investment activities in the region. The dynamics of integral indicators in investment activity, investment resources are determined; investments in fixed capital are also analyzed for three groups of indicators: investment climate, investment resource potential, investment efficiency of the resources used. From the point of view of practical applications, the indicative assessment method helps to identify weak points in the formation of a favorable investment climate and eliminate the imbalances. A functioning system of analysis with the use of a project management system makes it possible to shorten the time needed for the approval of investment projects, to increase the efficiency of resource and time use.

SOLOVIEV, D. А., and A. Yu ANTYUKHOV. "RISK ASSESSMENT OF INVESTMENTS IN INTERNATIONAL AND RUSSIAN STEEL GROUPS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1, no. 7 (2021): 108–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.07.01.014.

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Investments in the stock market are becoming more attractive against the background of a reduction in the key bank rate. For the Russian investor, there are new opportunities to increase capital, including by buying shares of large international and Russian companies. When diversifying the investment portfolio, it is necessary to choose companies from different sectors of the economy. The article is devoted to the risk assessment of investments in metallurgical companies. It turns out how risky it is to invest in Russian steel giants compared to international corporations.

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Дисертації з теми "Investment groups":

Ang, Nicole Pamela Accounting Australian School of Business UNSW. "The utilisation of quantitative information in groups' capital investment decisions." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Accounting, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44426.

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One explanation for the increased use of interactive groups in organisations is that benefits are obtained from pooling individuals?? differing knowledge and abilities. However, prior experimental research has established that groups often do not discuss and use information effectively, exhibiting a bias toward information that is commonly known by all group members, rather than information that is unique to individual group members (common information bias). This dissertation investigated whether the provision of quantitative information resulted in improved group performance in two respects. First, it investigated whether quantitative information was discussed and used more than qualitative information. Second, it examined whether the quantification of information reduced the common information bias. This is important because a basic purpose of managerial accounting is to provide information that improves employees?? abilities to make optimal decisions. This dissertation utilised an experimental task known as a ??hidden profile?? to achieve the research objectives. In a hidden profile experiment, each group member receives some information that is common to everyone in the group, and some information that is unique to them. The group must discuss and use members?? unique information in order to uncover the optimal task solution. This dissertation examined the effect of information availability (common or unique) and information type (quantitative or qualitative) on information discussion and use. There were two stages to the experiment. First, individual group members had to make a capital investment decision, and write down their reasons for that decision. Second, groups had to discuss the information, come to a group decision, and write down their reasons for that decision. The results confirmed a common information bias at the group decision level, with groups significantly favouring common information over unique information, for all measures of discussion and information use. In contrast, while a preference for quantitative information was found at the individual decision level, at a group decision level there were no significant differences in the discussion or use of quantitative and qualitative information, with only one exception: significantly more statements were made about quantitative information.

Hodgkinson, Lynn. "The impact of taxation on the capital budgeting decision of corporate groups." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2531.

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The United Kingdom Tax system is not neutral with respect to a Company’s investment and financing decisions, that is incentives and disincentives to invest in particular projects or use particular types of financing arise through the imposition of taxation. Such biases may increase or decrease the value of capital projects, and if a company is to be certain of making accurate investment decisions the incremental tax flows arising due to the project must be included in the evaluation. The tax flows arising through the acceptance of a project may differ depending on the company's or group's tax profile, and therefore the overall tax position of the company or group must be considered. The thesis explains the legislation relating to the taxation of corporate groups and suggests that because the tax system is so complicated, a computerised model is probably necessary. The author's computerised model is developed and tested in the thesis, comparing evaluations conducted using the procedures and assumptions of groups in the surveys, with those of the simulation model. It is shown that both understatements and overstatements occur through incorrectly allowing for taxation. The results of two empirical surveys are presented. The first, a postal survey, discusses the methods used by companies to incorporate tax in their project appraisals, and the second, based on interviews, provides a review of the whole capital budgeting process.

Endress, Tobias. "Quality of stock price predictions in online communities : groups or individuals?" Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2017. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/4674/.

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Group decision-making and equity predictions are topics that are interesting for academic research as well as for business purposes. Numerous studies have been conducted to assess the quality of forecasts by financial analysts, but in general these studies still show little evidence that it is possible to generate accurate predictions that in the long run create, after transaction costs, profits higher than the market average. This thesis investigates an alternative approach to traditional financial analysis. This approach is based on Internet group decision-making and follows the suggestion that a group decision is better than the decision of an individual. The research project follows a mixed-methods approach in the form of a sequential study with a field experiment. Different groups—consisting of lay people, but also financial professionals—were formed purposefully in different group designs to generate equity forecasts. The field experiment was conducted following an e- Delphi approach with online questionnaires, but also in-depth interviews with all participants. Data from financial analysts was used to compare the predictions from the groups with actual results of share prices. The data from the experiment suggests that there are different variables, in terms of the individual characteristics of the participants, which indicated significant impact on the quality of equity predictions. The predictions of some participants (e.g. “PID-S-plus” rated participants) are apparently of significantly higher accuracy. The findings from the study indicate that intuition plays a significant role in the decision-making process not only for lay people, but also for financial analysts and other financial professionals. However, there are observable differences in the intuitive decision-making of lay people and experts. While it was possible to observe that intuition is interpreted as “random guess” by poor predictors, it was found that good predictors base their intuition on several factors—even including fundamental and macroeconomic considerations. The findings of the experiments led to an explanatory model that is introduced as the ‘Deliberated Intuition’ Model. The model of deliberated intuition which is proposed here views prediction as a process of practice which will be different for each individual. The model proposes that a predictor will decide, consciously or semi-consciously, when they feel ready to rely on gut-feeling, or to undertake more analysis. Generally, it appears to contribute to a good prediction to think about the problem in different ways and with various techniques. The experiment indicated that (online-) groups are not per se better than individuals. The Deliberated Intuition Model might help to prepare better group settings and improve prediction quality. Apparently a combination of rational and intuitive techniques leads to the best prediction quality.

Pleis, Letitia Meier. "Investment decisions: Influence of an Internet stock message board." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5130/.

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The Internet provides many sources of financial information that investors can use to help with investment decisions and in interpreting companies' accounting information. One source of information is Internet stock message boards such as those at Yahoo! Finance. This source allows for anonymous postings and information exchange. Despite the possibility of the information being incorrect many individuals visit these message boards. The purpose of this study is to investigate Internet stock message boards and address the primary question: From an individual investor perspective, do message boards, which contain accounting information, influence investment decisions? The question is addressed using psychology rumor literature and attitude theories. Message board postings are a type of rumor, since not all the information is verified and is usually intended to persuade a belief or influence a decision. Further, the messages may influence an investor by causing a change in attitude about the investment. Using an experiment, message board influence on an investment decision and attitude was tested. The results indicated that individuals that received negative message board postings did have a significantly higher change in investment amount as compared to a control group that did not receive any message postings. The positive message board group and the control group were not significantly different in their amount of investment change. The results of the study also show that message board postings influenced attitude, those that received negative (positive) postings had a negative (positive) attitude about the investment. It was further found that those with a negative (positive) attitude decreased (increased) their investment. Finally, contrary to expectations, investment experience did not lead to an individual being less influenced by message board postings. This study contributes to the accounting literature by investigating an additional source of Internet financial reporting that may or may not contain correct information. The SEC is concerned over the manipulative opportunities that are available within these message boards and many investors are exploring these new sources of information instead of relying on traditional accounting information. This study finds that negative postings have an influence on investment decision and possibly should be investigated as manipulative techniques.

Liljevern, Jennie, and Emil Karlsson. "ICT Investment and the Effect on Economic Growth : A Comparative Study across Four Income Groups." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-36156.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate if growth in ICT investments affects output growth differently across four income groups. Our panel data analysis is based on a sample of 101 countries in the period 1995-2015, where we conduct an augmented Cobb-Douglas production function with GDP growth as dependent variable. We divide the regression sample into high-, upper middle-, lower middle- and low-income countries to account for income disparities across countries. The outcomes are measured by estimating both ordinary least square and a fixed effects model. The impact of capital investments is measured by using two variables; growth of ICT capital services and non-ICT capital services. In addition, we control for exports and the growth in labor quality. Our major findings show that there are only significant contributions to growth in the top-three richest countries, with exception for the middle-income countries when controlling for fixed effects.

Ortmann, Regina, and Caren Sureth-Sloane. "Can the CCCTB alleviate tax discrimination against loss-making European multinational groups?" Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11573-015-0780-6.

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In March 2011, the European Commission submitted a proposal for a Council Directive on an optional common consolidated corporate tax base (CCCTB). If this proposed CCCTB system comes into force, taxes calculated under the currently existing system of separate accounting might be replaced by a system of group consolidation and formulary apportionment. Then, multinational groups (MNGs) would face the decision as to whether to opt for the CCCTB system. Prior research focuses mainly on the differences in economic behaviour under both systems in general. By contrast, we study the conditions under which one or the other tax system is preferable from the perspective of an MNG, with a particular focus on loss-offsets. We identify four effects that determine the decision of an MNG: the tax-utilization of losses, the allocation of the tax base, the dividend and intragroup interest taxation. We find mixed results, e.g., that the CCCTB system proves advantageous for increasing loss/profit streams (e.g. from start-ups or R&D projects) of the individual group entities, whereas the system of separate accounting is beneficial for decreasing profit/loss streams (e.g. caused by a decrease in return from a mature product). The results of our analysis are helpful for MNGs facing the decision as to whether to opt for the CCCTB system and can also support legislators and politicians in the EU but also in other regions in their tax reform discussions. (authors' abstract)

Amberg-Blyskal, Patricia. "Public Pensions: Retrenchment or Investment? Evidence from the States." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/484027.

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Political Science
Ph.D.
The “Great Recession” of 2008 decimated many facets of the U.S. economy in the short-term but the long-term effect of the recession on the retirement security of millions of Americans is a story in progress. This study investigates the impact of the 2008 recession on the public pensions of state and local government employees. Prior to the recession, the 19 million current state and local government employees enjoyed the prospect of a retirement built on the tradition FDR’s three “legs”: a private pension from their employer, personal savings, and Social Security. Although the “first leg” of retirement, the private pension, disappeared in the late 20th century for the majority of American workers, state and local public sector employees were the exception-with about 90% eligible for a defined benefit pension at the beginning of the 21st century (GAO 2008). The 2008 recession, effected all U.S. states, however the response to reduced investment earnings for state-administered public pensions varied. The National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) noted in one year, 44 states enacted 269 pension bills (NCSL 2013). The changes enacted in state legislation, all involved a reduction in benefits. The retrenchment actions ranged from suspended cost-of-living allowance (COLA) increases and increased employee contributions to the loss of the defined pension benefit. Several states, after the 2008 recession, terminated the defined pension benefit for future employees, one state (Rhode Island) changed to a hybrid plan for current employees. Scholars seeking to understand retrenchment of benefits argue the lack of a “public outcry” permit elected officials to act without fear of a backlash (Pierson 1994). Conversely, conditions that prevent political opponents to transfer costs to a losing coalition and instead compromise on a long-term sharing of costs, is considered policy investment (Jacobs 2011). This study seeks to use retrenchment and investment theories to explain the public pension actions U.S. states took following the 2008 recession. The quantitative analysis confirms several expectations of retrenchment theory, such as the importance of interest groups, represented by the number of public sector employees in a state and the level of unionization within a state’s public sector. Investment theory predictions are not confirmed in the quantitative analysis, however a case study analysis of Delaware does find conditions of political compromise resulting in long-term stability for the pension plans. The quantitative analysis expected to find a strong “mirror” relationship between a pension plan’s funded ratio (assets to liabilities) and the state’s annual required contribution (ARC). The relationship between the two key measures, while positive and significant, is small. The unexpected finding led to a focus on ARC payments and the political conditions surrounding the decision to fund or not fund a state’s annual contribution. Delaware and Oklahoma are examples of states with adequate ARC payments yet contradictory public pension actions. Rhode Island and New Jersey are states with inadequate ARC payments, yet also contradictory public pension actions. Understanding the conditions that led to a state’s decision to pay or not pay the ARC also uncovers a host of actions states take to manipulate their required contributions. Regardless of similar institutions and budget processes across the 50 states, not every political institution gets the same results. Politics and state norms will change the outcome.
Temple University--Theses

Sinyard, David B. "The Investment Process Used By Private Equity Firms: Does The Affect Heuristic Impact Decision-Making?" Digital Archive @ GSU, 2013. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/bus_admin_diss/25.

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Individuals utilize heuristics in order to simplify problems, which may lead to biases in decision-making. The research question of this study is: “How does the affect heuristic impact the investment process of private equity decision-makers reviewing proposals?” Through an exploratory multi-case analysis, insight is provided into complex private equity decisions by studying biases in the investment process. This is a study of private equity groups’ (PEG) decision-making process when they consider businesses for investment. Qualitative data was generated from semi-structured interviews with twenty private equity decision-makers. The deliberative heuristics applied in the teaser review are learned from process experience and guide the deliberation on whether to proceed. Simplifying heuristics are applied in the more informal review process. Organizational learning was exhibited as the PEGs have modified their investment structures based on previous experiences. The study indicates that experience and learning lead to the construction of an affect heuristic that subsequently impacts investments. It also confirms the need for strategic decision-makers to recognize their own biases and adjust their processes accordingly. A significant practical implication of this study is the insight provided into the views of the PEG decision-makers as they anticipate the need to supplement the management team is helpful to business owners and their advisors. The study highlights the opportunities for biases in PEG decision-making processes. Accessing decision-makers at larger PEGs and approaching more middle market firms would broaden the results.

Mohammed, Moftah. "The capital investment appraisal process : the case of Libya." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2013. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/863c06e2-6491-4065-b472-ba05041c49f2.

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This thesis aims to explore and investigate the state of current investment appraisal practices within Libyan firms. In particular, the thesis attempts to answer four research questions: (1) How do Libyan firms appraise capital investments? (2) Do Libyan firms incorporate risk into their capital investment appraisal processes? (3) Do Libyan firms face capital rationing and, if so, is it externally or internally imposed? and (4) Does the availability of Islamic Finance affect Libyan firms' view of the capital investment appraisal process? This study is based on a qualitative empirical approach, with a subjectivist orientation but a main concern with the sociology of regulation; the interpretive paradigm is employed in this thesis. Rather than simply providing a simple description of the phenomena under investigation, the aim of this thesis is to interpret and understand the issues surrounding the problem being considered. Thus, this study seeks to establish a better understanding about the nature of the capital investment appraisal process in Libyan corporations, and how it differs across Libyan economic sectors. In order to provide evidence and contribute to our knowledge about this topic, two research methods, both compatible with the interpretive paradigm and consistent with the methodology and the researcher’s beliefs about the topic under investigation, are employed. The research methods used are: (i) a semi-structured interviews; then (ii) a questionnaire survey based upon the literature review and on the key results from (i). For the former, 20 interviews were conducted, involving two groups: firm-based interviewees (‘insiders’ working in firms) in five economic sectors with different size and ownership structures and ‘outsider’ interviewees (bankers, academics and chartered accountants). In the second phase, 45 questionnaires were collected from firms which operate in five economic sectors, again with various size and ownership patterns. The main findings indicate that non-financial criteria (e.g. political priorities, State development plan and personal experience) play a more important role than financial factors. While Libyan companies use multiple techniques to appraise capital investments, usage of discounted cash flow techniques (DCF), although increasing is not yet as high as in developed nations, with payback remaining the most popular. The evidence shows that the source of the funding (followed by project size and nature of the project, respectively) also plays a role in choosing the appraisal techniques. Typically, the process of capital investment appraisal in Libya appears to have five stages (determination of budget, research and development, evaluation, authorisation, and monitoring and controlling). Libyan firms consider the first of these as the most important stage. The majority of the respondents employ a post-audit phase of two years or less; about half the sampled firms conduct the post-audit by comparing the actual performance with the feasibility study on which the project was based. The companies consider real options when looking at flexibility, but they have no effect on the choice of the appraisal techniques or the process generally. Similarly, there are no changes in the techniques or the process when advanced manufacturing technology investments are considered. Regarding risk evaluation, this is mostly subjective although scenario analysis and sensitivity analysis are employed to some extent. Around 50% of the firms calculate the cost of capital, but most of these firms do so subjectively (e.g. via interest rate observations), while the rest use CAPM to calculate the cost of capital. Fewer than one in ten of the firms that calculate the cost of capital employ project-specific rates. The majority of the companies noted their experience of capital rationing, mostly of the external variety (primarily reflecting State actions). The majority of the firms claimed to be considering the Libyan Stock Market as source of funding, but not in the near future, essentially because of a lack of knowledge among Libyan companies about its functioning. The findings suggest that use of Islamic finance is not yet common among Libyan firms. However, two thirds of the firms suggested that they would use Islamic financial products to finance their future projects for several reasons; mainly religion, to avoid paying interest or demurrage, plus risk sharing though the use of Islamic financial products such as Musharakah. Those firms, which did not view Islamic finance positively, mentioned the incompatibility of the current products with Islamic Shariah law, suggesting that in reality they are just traditional financial products with Islamic names. Some notable differences between theory and practice emerged in this research. For instance, certain non-financial criteria (e.g. political priorities) were more important than financial factors. Relatedly, there was evidence of external interested parties such as academics seeing practice and ideals differently. This type of finding suggests a key contribution of this study as highlighting the need for contextual specificities to be carefully considered when investigating an issue as (theoretically) straightforward as investment decision-making in practice.

Ortmann, Regina, and Caren Sureth. "Can the CCCTB Alleviate Tax Discrimination Against Loss-making European Multinational Groups?" WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Universität Wien, 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4168/1/SSRN%2Did2442820.pdf.

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In March 2011, the European Commission submitted a proposal for a Council Directive on an optional common consolidated corporate tax base (CCCTB). If this proposed CCCTB system comes into force, taxes calculated under the currently existing system of separate accounting might be replaced by a system of group consolidation and formulary apportionment. Then, multinational groups (MNGs) would face the decision as to whether to opt for the CCCTB system. Prior research focuses mainly on the differences in economic behaviour under both systems in general. By con-trast, we study the conditions under which one or the other tax system is preferable from the per-spective of an MNG, with a particular focus on loss-offsets. We identify four effects that determine the decision of an MNG: the tax-utilization of losses, the allocation of the tax base, the dividend and intragroup interest taxation. We find mixed results, e.g., that the CCCTB system proves ad-vantageous for increasing loss/profit streams (e.g. from start-ups or R&D projects) of the individual group entities, whereas the system of separate accounting is beneficial for decreasing profit/loss streams (e.g. caused by a decrease in return from a mature product). The results of our analysis are helpful for MNGs facing the decision as to whether to opt for the CCCTB system and can also support legislators and politicians in the EU but also in other regions in their tax reform discussions. (authors' abstract)
Series: WU International Taxation Research Paper Series

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Книги з теми "Investment groups":

Perotti, Enrico Camillo. Investment financing in Russian financial-industrial groups. Warsaw: Center for Social and Economic Research, 1998.

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Duflo, Esther. Participation and investment decisions in a retirement plan: The influence of colleagues' choices. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000.

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Branstetter, Lee. Trade and foreign direct investment in China: A political economy approach. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1999.

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Vikkula, Kaisa. Strategic choice and performance in the securities intermediation industry: An empirical analysis of strategic groups in Scandinavia. Helsinki: Helsinki School of Economics and Business Administration, 1993.

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Liu, Bogen. Chu ban ji tuan zhan lüe tou zi lun: Strategic investment of publishing groups. 8th ed. Beijing Shi: Xin xing chu ban she, 2011.

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Ashe, Jeffrey. In their own hands: How savings groups are revolutionizing development. San Francisco: Barrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc., 2014.

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Engen, Eric M. The effects of 401(k) plans on household wealth: Differences across earnings groups. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000.

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Segelod, Esbjörn. Resource allocation in divisionalized groups: A study of investment manuals and corporate level means of control. Aldershot: Avebury, 1995.

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Swift, Larry D. Neighborhood reinvestment partnership: Community groups lead the way for First Chicago Corporation. Chicago, IL (417 S. Dearborn, Chicago 60605): Woodstock Institute, 1985.

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Preston, Susan L. Angel investment groups, networks, and funds: A guidebook to developing the right angel organization for your community. Kansas City, Mo: Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, 2004.

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Частини книг з теми "Investment groups":

Duleep, Harriet, Mark C. Regets, Seth Sanders, and Phanindra V. Wunnava. "The Earnings Profiles of Immigrant Men in Specific Asian Groups: Cross-Sectional Versus Cohort-Based Estimates." In Human Capital Investment, 65–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47083-8_7.

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Kube, Vivian. "Consultation and Participation Through Domestic Advisory Groups and Civil Society Meetings." In EU Human Rights, International Investment Law and Participation, 289–322. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20607-9_7.

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Iacobucci, Donato. "Internal Capital Market and Investment Decisions in Small and Medium-Sized Groups." In Contributions to Economics, 211–27. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2852-8_11.

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Víg, Zoltán, and Gábor Hajdu. "Investment Arbitration at the Crossroads of Public and Private International. Current Issues with ISDS." In Universal, Regional, National – Ways of the Development of Private International Law in 21st Century, 366–89. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9497-2019-17.

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After decades of success, investment arbitration has become an extremely controversial topic, riven by multiple allegations and concerns among the experts and various interest groups. In this contribution, we aim to examine the most relevant and severe of these issues, including regulatory chill. Regulatory chill is a purported phenomenon that claims that investment arbitration favors foreign investors, and thus intimidates host states into refusing to implement policies that would contradict with the interests of foreign investors. We not only examine these problems, but also attempt to suggest some potential remedies for alleviating these issues.

von Weizsäcker, Carl Christian, and Hagen M. Krämer. "The Global Economy After the End of Capital Scarcity: A Utopian Proposal." In Saving and Investment in the Twenty-First Century, 293–308. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75031-2_12.

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AbstractExtrapolating from List (Das nationale System der politischen Ökonomie. Cotta, Stuttgart, 1841), we explain the paradox of China: A poor country can experience tumultuous growth precisely by exporting more capital on balance than it imports. More growth can be created in developing countries by their running current account surpluses vis-à-vis the OECD plus China region. Public debt in the OECD plus China region would have then to be managed in such a way that full employment is preserved despite the current account deficit. Such a strategy would be beneficial for both groups of countries. For the time being, this is a utopian proposal. Realizing it would mean yet another restructuring, in addition to that associated with digitalization. The opposition of those who could lose their jobs as a result will ensure that this sort of reorientation of global trade policy will remain politically unfeasible for a long time still.

Koedijk, Kees, and Alfred Slager. "How to Hit the Ground Running." In Investment Beliefs, 143–50. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230307575_15.

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Marcoux, Jean-Michel. "World Bank Group." In International Investment Law and Globalization, 196–212. New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge research in international law: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429946998-10.

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Hernandez, Ariel Macaspac. "Mexico and China—Sustainable, Low-Carbon Transformation Processes in Democratic and Authoritarian Regimes." In Taming the Big Green Elephant, 177–203. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-31821-5_9.

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AbstractMexico and China are two dynamic countries that can ‘challenge’ existing normative views on regimes, governance, and institutions. On the one hand, Mexico is a vibrant democratic country that has managed to become a member of the OECD and its economy has benefitted from open borders, direct foreign investment inflows and integration into global value chains (OECD 2017b), but yet it still reflects governance deficiencies, particularly in the formal and material representation of relevant stakeholders, and especially in marginalized communities. On the other hand, although China is governed by an authoritarian regime, particularly when environmental issues are involved, societal groups’ interests seem to find effective ways to influence policy-making.

Labuszewski, John W., Paul E. Peterson, and Charles Piszczor. "Alternative Investment Market Fundamentals." In The CME Group Risk Management Handbook, 368–400. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118266564.ch9.

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Gayeski, Diane. "Investments in External Communication." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Interest Groups, Lobbying and Public Affairs, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13895-0_97-1.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Investment groups":

Gerus, S. G., and T. S. Boiko. "THE CURRENT TRENDS OF FOREIGN INVESTMENTS." In New forms of production and entrepreneurship in the coordinates of neo-industrial development of the economy. PD of KSUEL, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38161/978-5-7823-0731-8-2020-111-118.

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"Accounting information and investment properties: economic and financial stakes for listed groups." In 21st Annual European Real Estate Society Conference. ERES, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2014_210.

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Kiziltan, Mustafa, and Anna Golovko. "TESTING THE SAVING-INVESTMENT RELATIONSHIP FOR THE COUNTRY GROUPS CLASSIFIED BY INCOME LEVELS." In 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/iac.2016.024.050.

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Bal, Harun, Erhan İşcan, and Ahmet Kardaşlar. "The Relationship Between Foreign Direct Investment and Industrialization: A Study on Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c09.01993.

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This study examines the relation between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and industrialization by analysing 6 different sector groups in Turkey using panel data of 2004-2012 period. The effect of labor, domestic and foreign investment on industrial output of the 6 sector which are Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries; Mining and Quarrying; Manufacturing Industry; Electricity; Construction; Transportation and Storage Activities, has been analysed. The results show that there is a meaningful and positive relationship between sectoral employment and FDI with sectoral production for all sectors.

Malvius, Diana, Dag Bergsjo¨, and Margareta Norell. "Use of Measurements for Information System Introductions." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-50127.

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Methods, or more correctly a lack of methods, for measuring information systems (IS) introductions are discussed in this paper. Industry practice when it comes to IS investment evaluation methods is reported on based on findings from nine in-depth interviews with IS/IT experts from automotive companies, IS suppliers and IS consultancy firms. It is suggested that identified and existing methods can be divided into three groups, namely: subjective estimations, economic measurements, and convenient measurements. It is concluded that no complete or reliable method for measuring the success of IS introductions are recognized within studied companies or reviewed literature. It is argued that IS introductions, being a costly investment to most companies, should be evaluated in order to obtain improved company and IS user value and to better justify the investment.

Hong, Bingyuan, Xiaoping Li, Yu Li, Jingjing Gao, Yanhong Zhou, Baocheng Wei, Siqi Zhang, and Jing Gong. "Layout Optimization for Progressive Development of Stellated Natural Gas Gathering Network." In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84524.

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Gathering pipeline network, as one of the most important parts of oil and gas field construction, is characterized by complex topological structure and high investment costs. Therefore, optimization of gathering pipeline network can reduce total investment of field significantly. This paper focuses on stellated pipeline network, a common connection structure of gathering pipeline, and presents a layout optimization model for progressive development of gathering pipeline network. Minimizing the production length is the object of the model. Constraints of wells, valve groups, gathering radius and flow rate are taken into consideration. The optimal position of valve groups and central processing facility and the connection of each pipeline are obtained by solving this model with a heuristic algorithm proposed in this paper. In addition, three typical cases, namely new production block, well pattern infilling and rolling development, are taken as examples to verify the reliability and practicality of the proposed model. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can tackle the layout optimization problem of expanding a pre-existing gathering pipeline network.

Hiç, Özlen. "A Summary of the Developments Regarding the Economic Regime Implemented in Developed and Developing Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00685.

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Since the developments regarding the economic regime in developed countries follow a different path as opposed to those in developing countries, in this article, these two groups of countries will be examined separately. Priority will be given to investigating the economic regime in developed countries due to historical and theoretical reasons. Today, both in developed and developing countries the economic activities basically are taken up by the private sector; nevertheless the government contributes to these activities through intervention, guidance, protectionism, and investment. Still the level of government intervention, protection and public investments in developed countries appears to be at the minimum. The role of government in developing countries, on the other hand, seems to be more significant; the gravity of the government’s role depends on the degree of development for the countries concerned. In the countries where the level of development is low, the role of government increases, that is to say, the improvement in development decreases the role government.

Utami, Fiesty, and Ruhadi Ruhadi. "The Assessment of Investment and Financing Impact on Shareholder Welfare (Comparative Study between Sharia and Non-Sharia Compliant Company Groups in Indonesian Capital Market)." In First International Conference on Applied Science and Technology (iCAST 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200813.039.

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Fajardo, J., A. Buelvas, and H. Valle. "Conventional and Advanced Exergoeconomic Analysis in a Nitric Acid Production Plant." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10642.

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Abstract An advanced exergoeconomic analysis (AEA) allows determining the part of Exergy Destruction and total investment costs that can be avoided. The results of the advanced analysis show the economic costs to be reduced and improvements that can be achieved for the system in terms of the overall efficiency. A Nitric Acid Production Plant of 350 tons/day was taken as case of study to implement a conventional and advanced exergoeconomic analysis. In this work, the investment costs and exergy destruction of the components of the system were divided into 2 groups such as endogenous/exogenous and avoidable/unavoidable parts to obtain accurate information about the performance of the plant. Conventional exergoeconomic analysis showed that 58.5% of the total cost of the exergy destruction is caused by the catalytic converter with a cost rate of 687.84 $/h. The highest values of the exergoeconomic factor were for Tail Gas Desuperheater (99.01%), Condenser (96.35%) and Tail Gas Heater (87%). The costs of the production process can be improved by reducing the total investment of these three components. The lowest value of exergoeconomic factor was calculated for the Catalytic Converter (15.25%) which implies that thermodynamic efficiency of this equipment must be enhanced. Based on AEA results, most exergy destruction of the Catalytic Converter is avoidable and exogenous. The destruction cost of the avoidable exergy for this component was 54.4 $ / h, which means that more than 50% of the total cost of the exergy destruction of the Catalytic Converter can be minimized to improve the performance of other equipment of the plant. Most exergy destruction costs for Tail Gas Heater, Absorption Tower and Air Heater, are unavoidable and endogenous and they cannot be reduced by improving the performance of these equipments. In addition, the cost of the exergy destruction of the Tail Gas Desuperheater is largely unavoidable (66.9 $ / h). In particular, 85%, 88% and 83% of the investment cost of the Tail Gas Desuperheater, the Absorption Tower and the Catalytic Converter, respectively, are exogenous; that is, it is only affected by the structure of the plant and the operation of the other components, but not by its internal thermodynamic inefficiencies.

Bhandwale, Amit, and Thenkurussi Kesavadas. "Impact of Product Mix Variations on Material Handling for Cellular Manufacturing." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60959.

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The identification of part families and machine groups that form the cells is a major step in the development of a cellular manufacturing system. The primary input to cell formation algorithms is the machine-part incidence matrix, which is a binary matrix representing machining requirements of parts in various part families. One common assumption of these cell formation algorithms is that the product mix remains stable over a period of time. In today’s world, the market demand is being shaped by consumers, resulting in a highly volatile market. This has given rise to a class of products characterized by low volume and high variety, which presents engineers with lots of problems and decisions in the early stages of product development. This can have an adverse effect on manufacturing like high investment in new machinery and material handling equipment, long setup times, high tooling costs, increased intercellular movement and excessive scrap which increases the cost without adding any value to the parts. Any change to the product mix results in a change in the machine-part incidence matrix, which may change the part families and machine groups, which form the cells. The manufacturing system needs to be flexible in order to handle large product mix changes. This paper discusses the impact of product mix variations on cellular manufacturing and presents a methodology to incorporate these variations into an existing cellular manufacturing setup.

Звіти організацій з теми "Investment groups":

Temin, Miriam, and Craig Heck. Impact of community-based girl groups. Population Council, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2021.1015.

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Programs increasingly use community-based girl groups (CBGGs) to address risks and empower adolescent girls, but evidence on their impact is not always accessible to decision makers. A closer look at 30 CBGG programs in low- and middle-income countries found that CBGGs had the greatest reported success in improving health and gender attitudes and beliefs, while their effect on health behavior and status is mixed. Program implementers should consider CBGGs as a way to facilitate girls’ empowerment, with complementary measures to engage community members and to promote enabling environments for greater program impact. Increased interest and investment in CBGGs should be supported by greater investment in further research to bolster the evidence base.

Almeida, Juliana, and Rossemary Yurivilca. 2020 IDB Climate Finance. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003253.

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Under the current IDBG Corporate Results Framework (CRF) 2020-2023 (https://crf.iadb.org/en), the IDB committed to reach 30% of the total amount approved (including all lending operations) of climate finance during this period. In 2020, the IDB Group - composed of the IDB, IDB Lab (formerly the Multilateral Investment Fund) and IDB Invest - approved US$3.9 billion in climate finance as per the MDB climate finance tracking methodology. This resource is aimed at development activities carried out by the public and private sectors that reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and thus mitigate climate change, and/or that reduce vulnerability to climate change and contribute to an adaptation process. This amount represented 19.5% of the IDB Groups total approved amount for 2020. The IDB only climate finance in 2020 was 15%, equivalent to US$ 2 billion. If the COVID-19 related investments are excluded, the IDB climate finance reached 30%. Changes in demand from countries to respond to the pandemic affected the overall climate finance results by shifting the priority to social and fiscal sectors and to projects that could provide faster liquidity.

Viguri, Sofía, Sandra López Tovar, Mariel Juárez Olvera, and Gloria Visconti. Analysis of External Climate Finance Access and Implementation: CIF, FCPF, GCF and GEF Projects and Programs by the Inter-American Development Bank. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003008.

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In response to the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the IDB Group Board of Governors endorsed the target of increasing climate-related financing in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) from 15% in 2015 to 30% of the IDB Groups combined total approvals by 2020. Currently, the IDB Group is on track to meet this commitment, as in 2018, it financed nearly US$5 billion in climate-change-related activities benefiting LAC, which accounted for 27% of total IDB Groups annual approvals. In 2019, the overall volume and proportion of climate finance in new IDBG approvals have increased to 29%. As the IDB continues to strive towards this goal by using its funds to ramp-up climate action, it also acknowledges that tackling climate change is an objective shared with the rest of the international community. For the past ten years, strategic partnerships have been forged with external sources of finance that are also looking to invest in low-carbon and climate-resilient development. Doing this has contributed to the Banks objective of mobilizing additional resources for climate action while also strengthening its position as a leading partner to accelerate climate innovation in many fields. From climate-smart technologies and resilient infrastructure to institutional reform and financial mechanisms, IDB's use of external sources of finance is helping countries in LAC advance toward meeting their international climate change commitments. This report collects a series of insights and lessons learned by the IDB in the preparation and implementation of projects with climate finance from four external sources: the Climate Investment Funds (CIF), the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF), the Green Climate Fund (GCF) and the Global Environment Facility (GEF). It includes a systematic revision of their design and their progress on delivery, an assessment of broader impacts (scale-up, replication, and contributions to transformational change/paradigm shift), and a set of recommendations to optimize the access and use of these funds in future rounds of climate investment. The insights and lessons learned collected in this publication can inform the design of short and medium-term actions that support “green recovery” through the mobilization of investments that promote decarbonization.

Javid, Muhammad, Fakhri Hasanov, Carlo Bollino, and Marzio Galeotti. Sectoral Investment Analysis for Saudi Arabia. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2021-dp011.

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This study aims to investigate the determinants of short- and long-run investment behavior in Saudi Arabia for eight non-oil sectors. Saudi Arabia is currently proceeding with its historic Vision 2030 reform plan, which aims to significantly increase the private sector’s contribution to the country’s gross domestic product. Thus, analyzing investments at the sectoral level is important for Saudi Arabia. Such an analysis can provide policymakers with a deeper understanding of potential opportunities for boosting private sector growth.

Babu M.G., Sarath, Debjani Ghosh, Jaideep Gupte, Md Asif Raza, Eric Kasper, and Priyanka Mehra. Kerala’s Grass-roots-led Pandemic Response: Deciphering the Strength of Decentralisation. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.049.

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This paper presents an analysis of the role of decentralised institutions to understand the learning and challenges of the grass-roots-led pandemic response of Kerala. The study is based on interviews with experts and frontline workers to ensure the representation of all stakeholders dealing with the outbreak, from the state level to the household level, and a review of published government orders, health guidelines, and news articles. The outcome of the study shows that along with the decentralised system of governance, the strong grass-roots-level network of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) workers, volunteer groups, and Kudumbashree members played a pivotal role in pandemic management in the state. The efficient functioning of local bodies in the state, experience gained from successive disasters, and the Nipah outbreak naturally aided grass-roots-level actions. The lessons others can draw from Kerala are the importance of public expenditure on health, investment for building social capital, and developing the local self-delivery system.

Frisancho, Verónica, and Martín Valdivia. Savings Groups Reduce Vulnerability, but Have Mixed Effects on Financial Inclusion. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002910.

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This paper evaluates the impact of the introduction of savings groups on poverty, vulnerability, and financial inclusion outcomes in rural Peru. Using a cluster randomized control trial and relying on both survey and administrative records, we investigate the impact of savings groups after more than two years of exposure. We find t hat savings groups channel expensive investments such as housing improvements and reduce households' vulnerability to idiosyncratic shocks, particularly among households in poorer districts. The treatment also induces changes in households labor allocation choices: access to savings groups increases female labor market participation and, in poorer areas, it fosters greater specialization in agricultural activities. Access to savings groups also leads to a four-percentage point increase in access to credit among women, mainly driven by access to the groups loans. However, the introduction of savings groups has no impact on the likelihood of using formal financial services.On the contrary, it discourages access to loans from formal financial institutions and microfinance lenders among the unbanked.

Macdonald, Keir. The Impact of Business Environment Reforms on Poverty, Gender and Inclusion. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.006.

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This rapid review synthesises the literature from academic, policy, and knowledge institution sources on how business environment reforms in middle-income countries impacts on poverty, gender and inclusion. Although, there is limited evidence on the direct impact of business environment reforms on poverty, gender, and inclusion, this review illustrates that there is evidence of indirect effects of such reforms. Business environment reform (BER) targets inadequate business regulations and institutions, in order to remove constraints to business investment and expansion, enabling growth and job creation, as well as new opportunities for international business to contribute to and benefit from this growth. However, there is a lack of detailed knowledge of the impact of BER on gender and inclusion (G&I) outcomes, in terms of the potential to remove institutional barriers which exclude formerly marginalised groups from business opportunities, in ways that promote equal access to resources, opportunities, benefits, and services. The literature shows how the business environment affects women in business, and how women’s experiences of a given business environment can be different from those of men. This is the result of disparities in how they are treated under the law, but also based on structural and sociocultural factors which influence how men and women behave in a given business environment and the barriers they face.

Javed, Umair, Aiza Hussain, and Hassan Aziz. Demanding Power: Contentious Politics and Electricity in Pakistan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.047.

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This paper explores Pakistan’s electricity supply crisis that lasted from 2007 to 2015, and the ensuing contention that shaped public discourse and political events in the country. During this period, which witnessed electricity outages of up to 14 hours per day, 456 incidents of contention took place, with just under 20 per cent escalating into some form of violence. Electricity became the number one political issue in the country and was integral in shaping the outcomes of the 2013 General Election. Following the election, public authorities undertook extensive investment to expand capacity and ensure consistency in supply while evading questions about affordability and sustainability. On the surface, this appears to be a case of extensive protest working towards shaping state responsiveness. And it is true that the state now sees supply as a non-negotiable aspect in the social contract with citizens. However, a range of factors contributed to the chronology and the selective, generation-focused nature of this response. On the other hand, citizen inclusion and participation in decision-making, and issues of affordability and sustainability, which impact vulnerable and disempowered groups the most, remain absent from the political and policy conversation around energy. This suggests that while protests were useful in generating a short-term response, their long-term legacy in empowerment related outcomes is less visible.

Gandini, Camilla, Andrea Monje Silva, and Pablo Guerrero. Gender and Transport in Haiti: Gender Diagnostic and Gender Action Plan. Edited by Amanda Beaujon Marin. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003069.

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This technical note encompasses Haiti's gender assessment, evaluates the success of gender specific actions implemented between 2011-2017, and presents a Gender and Transport Action Plan (GAP). The GAPs main aim is to guide investments in Haiti's transport sector in conceptualizing and designing gender-sensitive transport projects. By proposing specific gender actions and outcomes, the GAP establishes a clear path to integrate a gender dimension into operations design, implementation and, monitoring and evaluation. The GAP presents an overall plan to support the development of Haitian women. However, it focuses in the needs of women as transport services users and devotes specific attention to two female sub-groups, comprised by Haitian women engaged in informal trade of local and regional products. These women are known as Madan Sara (MS), and local female mango producers and traders (MPT). The decision of focusing on MS is related to their vital role in the Haitian local labor market and the peculiarity of their work, which has specific transport needs. Understanding and addressing these female groups transport constrains could strategically improve the outcomes of upcoming transport investments and bring more benefits to its beneficiaries.

Sayers, Dave, Rui Sousa-Silva, Sviatlana Höhn, Lule Ahmedi, Kais Allkivi-Metsoja, Dimitra Anastasiou, Štefan Beňuš, et al. The Dawn of the Human-Machine Era: A forecast of new and emerging language technologies. Open Science Centre, University of Jyväskylä, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/jyx/reports/20210518/1.

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New language technologies are coming, thanks to the huge and competing private investment fuelling rapid progress; we can either understand and foresee their effects, or be taken by surprise and spend our time trying to catch up. This report scketches out some transformative new technologies that are likely to fundamentally change our use of language. Some of these may feel unrealistically futuristic or far-fetched, but a central purpose of this report - and the wider LITHME network - is to illustrate that these are mostly just the logical development and maturation of technologies currently in prototype. But will everyone benefit from all these shiny new gadgets? Throughout this report we emphasise a range of groups who will be disadvantaged and issues of inequality. Important issues of security and privacy will accompany new language technologies. A further caution is to re-emphasise the current limitations of AI. Looking ahead, we see many intriguing opportunities and new capabilities, but a range of other uncertainties and inequalities. New devices will enable new ways to talk, to translate, to remember, and to learn. But advances in technology will reproduce existing inequalities among those who cannot afford these devices, among the world’s smaller languages, and especially for sign language. Debates over privacy and security will flare and crackle with every new immersive gadget. We will move together into this curious new world with a mix of excitement and apprehension - reacting, debating, sharing and disagreeing as we always do. Plug in, as the human-machine era dawns.