Дисертації з теми "La Pallice"
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1
Vignau, Pascale. "La Pallice : La construction et l'essor d'un port de commerce (1870-1940)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LAROF005.
Анотація:
Au début du XIXe siècle, la marine connaît une mutation technique accélérée. Le « vieux port » aux origines médiévales de la Rochelle ne répond plus aux besoins de la navigation, ce qui donne lieu au creusement d’un bassin intérieur effectif en 1808. Cet équipement s’avère vite insuffisant et au milieu du siècle, la construction d’un second bassin hors les murs s’impose et voit le quartier de la Ville-en-Bois se développer à proximité. Rapidement, à son tour, dans les années 1850-1860, ce nouveau bassin ne répond plus aux exigences maritimes modernes. La construction d’un troisième bassin à flot en eau profonde est alors envisagée pour la première fois. La question du lieu se pose. La réponse vient de l’ingénieur hydrographe Bouquet de la Grye, qui, après avoir étudié différentes possibilités de la rade, propose en 1876 un lieu à 5 km à l’ouest de la ville, ce sera la création du port en eau profonde de La Pallice. La venue, en 1878, du ministre des travaux publics Freycinet entérine ce grand projet devenu national. Les travaux débutent en 1880 jusqu’au 19 août 1890, date de l’inauguration par le président Sadi Carnot. Le 5 juin 1891, l’établissement portuaire est ouvert à la navigation et le trafic se développe selon une progression constante. La Première Guerre mondiale met en lumière les avantages de La Pallice et son rôle important dans la défense nationale, mais le port présenté comme moderne en 1890 devient bientôt exigu pour recevoir des navires de plus en plus grands. La construction d'un môle d'escale en eau profonde est adoptée en 1923, pour être en partie opérationnel avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Cette thèse qui relève de l’histoire urbaine s'attache également à démontrer en quoi la création du port de la Pallice a permis à La Rochelle de renouer avec son grand destin maritime en relançant son économie marchandeAt the beginning of the 19 th century, the navy underwent an accelerated technical change. The "old port" with medieval origins of La Rochelle no longer meets the needs of navigation, which gives rise to the digging of an effective interior basin in 1808. This equipment quickly proves insufficient and in the middle of the century, the construction of a second basin outside the walls was essential and saw the Ville-en-Bois district develop nearby. Quickly, in turn, in the years 1850-1860, this new basin no longer met modern maritime requirements. The construction of a third wet dock in deep water was then considered for the first time. The question of location arises. The answer comes from the hydrographer engineer Bouquet de la Grye who, after having studied the various possibilities of the bay, proposed in 1876 a place 5 km west of the city, with would be the creation of the deep water port of La Pallice. The visit of the Minister of Public Works, Freycinet, in 1878, endorsed this major project which had become national in scope. Work began in 1880 until August 19, 1890, the date of inauguration by President Sadi Carnot. On June 5, 1891, the port establishment was opened to navigation, and traffic grew steadily. The First World War highlights the advantages of La Pallice and its important role in national defence, but the port presented as modern in 1890 soon becomes cramped to receive increasingly large ships. The construction of a deep-water stopover mole was adopted in 1923, to be partly operational before the Second World War. This thesis, which is part of urban history, also aims to demonstrate how the creation of the port of La Pallice has enabled La Rochelle to renew its great maritime destiny by reviving its marchant economy
2
Fenouil, Elisabeth. "Biologie et développement de l'écrevisse Austropotamobius pallipes pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858)." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376050148.
3
Fenouil, Elisabeth. "Biologie et développement de l'écrevisse austropotamobius pallipes pallipes (Lereboullet 1858)- Crustacé, décapode, astacidae- en région provençale." Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX30115.
Анотація:
Le developpement embryonnaire se decompose en trois phases distinctes ayant chacune une sensibilite propre vis a vis de la temperature d'incubation. La courbe thermique determine les etapes du cycle biologique. Des variations comportementales sont sous l'influence du cycle biologique
4
Arecchi, Patricia Brigitte. "La connexion pallido-thalamique du primate." Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX22002.
5
Stürmer, Graziele Daiane. "Avaliação dos Efeitos Induzidos por Doses Subletais do Organofosforado Triclorfon sobre o Sistema Nervoso de Baratas da Espécie Phoetalia Pallida." Universidade Federal do Pampa, 2012. http://dspace.unipampa.edu.br:8080/xmlui/handle/riu/206.
Анотація:
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O triclorfon é um inseticida e acaricida organofosforado utilizado na agricultura e na pecuária. Em concentrações normalmente encontradas no meio ambiente, como resultado da acumulação de organofosfato persistente, o triclorfon inibiu significativamente a atividade da enzima acetilcolinesterase, que resulta em um excesso de estimulação colinérgica. Esta inibição enzimática mostrou ser potencialmente tóxica por alterar o perfil de marcha e comportamento de grooming do animal. As alterações comportamentais são desenvolvidos principalmente pela modulação da via da dopamina, que inclui a ativação de receptores DA-D1 que pode causar o aumento de atividade de grooming. Os receptores muscarínicos da subclasse M1 também foram investigados e revelaram estar estreitamente relacionados com o aumento das alterações comportamentais. Interneurónios nicotínicos neuronais devem estar envolvidos, pois como a d-tubocurarina houve uma diminuição do aumento da atividade de limpeza (grooming) induzido por triclorfon. Os resultados apontam para uma interação entre os receptores colinérgicos e dopaminérgicos no sistema nervoso dos insetos. E também reforçam que a persistência ambiental de inseticidas e sua influência sobre o sistema nervoso dos animais é um problema que não precisa ser levado em consideração.
Sublethal doses of the organophosphate trichlorfon induce behavioral alterations in Phoetalia pallida. At concentrations normally found in the environment, as a result of persistent organophosphate accumulation, trichlorfon inhibited significantly the acetylcholinesterase activity, resulting in a cholinergic over-stimulation. This enzymatic inhibition proved to be potentially toxic to cause the reinforcement of the drive for walking and the increasing grooming activity. The behavioral alterations are mainly developed by changing dopamine pathway regulation, which at least include the activation of DA-D 1 receptors to cause increase of grooming activity. Muscarinic receptors of M 1- subclass were also investigated and showed to be closely related to the increase of behavioral alterations. Neuronal nicotinic interneurons must be involved as d-tubocurarine, was able to decrease the trichlorfon-induced increase of grooming activity. The results point out to the cross-talking between cholinergic and dopaminergic receptors at insect nervous system. They also reinforce the environmental persistence of insecticides and their remaining and important influence on animal nervous system.
6
Del, Campo Lua. "The Biomechanics of Ballistochory in Impatiens Pallida." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2008. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/26.
Анотація:
This research is an analysis of the explosive seed dispersal of Impatiens pallida fruit. Data was taken using high-speed video and analyzed using LoggerPro video analysis software. From the videos we discerned a qualitative model for dehiscence, a description of how the process unfolds, and from our data we deduced quantitative values for the velocity, momentum, and energy of the system. We were also able to glean a lower bound of Young’s modulus E of the fruit tissue. These results and the tools of analysis that generate them are the foundation for the development of a theoretical model of the plants motion. Our results also provide insights into Impatiens pallida’s evolutionary history by explaining its seed dispersal mechanism. A secondary benefit of this research is providing ecologist’s with new tools to analyze ultra-rapid movements in plants and fungi. These tools of analysis will assist in defining a plant’s or fungi’s evolutionary context and the ecological significance rapid motion plays.
7
Magnusson, Anders, and Anna Carlsén. "Värdeflödesanalys och förbättringsförslag på Pallco AB : Value stream mapping and improvement proposal at Pallco AB." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Mechanical Engineering, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-378.
Анотація:
This report is a study made at Pallco AB. Pallco is a subcontractor that is specialized on steel and aluminium components.
The aim of the report is to show an improvement proposal that leads to a reduction of the storage and improve the flow through the production of one item that is a part of a product that Pallco manufactures.
With the increasing competition from other countries who can manufacture with lower costs must Swedish companies try to make theirs manufacturing as efficient as possible and remove all waste. By using the tools of Lean Production it is possible to reduce the costs and increase the efficiency.
The method we used is value stream mapping. A map of the present condition has been made and then different improvement proposal were discussed. A map of a future condition has also been designed.
8
Minnis, Stephen T. "Distribution of potato cyst nematodes in England and Wales and the use of 1,3-dichloropropene for their control." Thesis, Open University, 2000. http://oro.open.ac.uk/58068/.
Анотація:
In the UK the most problematic pests of the potato crop are the potato cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and G. paUida. A structured survey of potato growing land in England and Wales was undertaken to reassess their occurrence and distribution. peN were present in 64% of sites sampled and of the populations found, 67% were G. pallida, 8% were G. rostochiensis and 25% contained both species. Just over 50% of the sites sampled had a rotation length of 1 in 5 or less and cultivars with partial resistance to G. paUida represented only 6% of the total number of plantings while those with resistance to G. rostochiensis represented 43%. The results show an increase in the incidence of peN compared with previous surveys and confirm the perceived shift towards G. paUida as the predominant species. Two field experiments were done to look at the integration of methods for the control of peN and subsequent reduction in yield loss in situations of very high peN levels. The first experiment assessed the use of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) with the granular nematicides aldicarb, oxamyl and fosthiazate when growing the susceptible cultivar Estima. The second experiment assessed the use of the resistant cultivar Sante with 1,3-D and oxamyl at full and half-rates. 1,3-D significantly advanced emergence, increased percentage ground cover, root invasion, yield, tuber numbers, and improved tuber size distribution. Nematode multiplication was significantly reduced by fumigation in the first experiment. The use of 1,3-D for the control of weed seeds was assessed and the results show a reduction in germination of weed seeds in soil after fumigation. The use of 1,3-D for the control of Rhizoctonia solani was also assessed and a trend in reduction in R. solani was observed after fumigation although the differences were not statistically significant.
9
Bringestedt, Jessica, and Lina Palmgren. "Analys av kundorderuppfyllelseprocessen på Pallco AB." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Industrial Engineering and Management, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12553.
Анотація:
This thesis has been performed as a part of the Bachelor degree in Industrial Engineering and Management at the School of Engineering in Jönköping. The thesis is written on behalf of Pallco AB, which is an engineering company that performs subcontracting, surface treatment, and assembly of components, mainly in steel and aluminium. The thesis focuses on identifying and analyzing the customer order fulfillment process of three customers at Pallco AB.
The main objective of the thesis is to distinguish time differences in the company’s administrative work for each of the three customers. Furthermore, Lean thinking is following as a thread through the whole thesis. A comprehensive survey has been made to gain a greater understanding of the company’s processes and order flow. A deeper analysis of the administrative processes has then been made by value stream mapping and analysis, which shows how Lean can be applied through administration. Suggestions of key performance indicators linked to Lean are associated with the order flow. The information of the thesis has been gained through interviews with relevant personnel at Pallco AB.
The current situation for Pallco AB is that they carry out an unspecified amount of work and service for different customers without taking extra cost. The analysis and the result of the thesis show that there is one specific customer who is often given priority. Special and urgent orders are accepted, and often given priority over others. The result shows that about 45 percent of the identified administrative time of the customer order fulfillment process is applied on this priority customer. Characteristic examples of the other customers are that duplication of work is performed by Pallco AB in terms of reporting information to the customer’s own business information sys- tem.
Improvement and suggestions for further work of the customer order fulfillment process are given as a result of the thesis. The main suggestions are to further identify the extra service for the priority customer, and to further work with Lean administration through value stream mapping and key performance indicators linked to Lean.
Examensarbetet har utförts som en del av högskoleingenjörsutbildningen Industriell organisation och ekonomi, logistik och ledning, vid Tekniska Högskolan i Jönköping. Rapporten är skriven på uppdrag av Pallco AB. Företaget är ett verkstadsföretag som utför legotillverkning, ytbehandling och montering av komponenter, främst i stål och aluminium. Examensarbetet har sitt fokus på att kartlägga och analysera Pallco AB:s kundorderuppfyllelseprocess för tre stora kundgrupper.
Att urskilja tidsskillnader i företagets administrativa arbete för respektive kundgrupp och vad dessa beror på är det huvudsakliga målet med arbetet. Dessutom följer lean-tänket med som en röd tråd genom hela examensarbetet. Större förståelse för företagets processer gällande ordergången har fåtts genom att en övergripande kartläggning har gjorts. Därefter har en djupare analys av de administrativa processerna genomförts med hjälp av värdeflödeskartläggning och analys, vilket visar på hur lean i administrationen kan tillämpas. Även förslag på lean-nyckeltal kopplat till orderflödet har givits. Examensarbetets information har främst erhållits genom intervjuer med berörd personal på Pallco AB.
I dagsläget lägger Pallco AB ner varierande mängd arbete och service på olika kunder utan att ta något extra betalt för det. Examensarbetets analys och resultat visar att det specifikt är en kund som prioriteras, mycket genom att special- och akutorder accepteras samt att kundens order ofta ges förtur. Resultatet visar att omkring 45% av den kartlagda administrativa tiden i kundorderuppfyllelseprocessen läggs på denna kund. För andra kunder är utmärkande drag exempelvis att dubbelarbete utförs av Pallco AB i form av rapportering av information i kundens affärssystem.
I resultatet ges dessutom förbättringsförslag samt förslag på fortsatt arbete för kundorderuppfyllelseprocessen. De främsta förslagen handlar om att vidare kartlägga den prioriterade kundens extra service samt att arbeta vidare med lean administration genom fortsatt arbete med värdeflödeskartläggning och lean-nyckeltal.
10
Brassard, Jonathan Thomas. "Phenotypic selection in Impatiens pallida and Impatiens capensis." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61934.
11
Palluck, Markus [Verfasser]. "Unternehmenszielorientierte Fabrikplanung im Kontext eines Ganzheitlichen Produktionssystems / Markus Palluck." Aachen : Shaker, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1070150363/34.
12
Holland, C. "The feeding apparatus of the nematode parasite 'Globodera pallida'." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431596.
13
Gurr, Geoffrey Michael. "Resistance and tolerance of potato cultivars to Globodera pallida." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47461.
14
Muhammad, Zanna. "Diapause in the nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46458.
15
Thorpe, Peter. "Bioinformatic and functional characterisation of Globodera pallida effector genes." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4568/.
Анотація:
Pathogens secrete molecules, termed effectors, to manipulate their host to the benefit of the pathogen. Effectors of plant parasitic nematodes are predicted to have a range of functions such as facilitating invasion, initiation and maintenance of the feeding site, and suppression of host defences. The genome sequence of the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida was analysed to identify putative effectors. They include: 129 effectors similar to those previously identified from cyst nematodes, 53 cell wall modifying enzymes and 117 novel putative effectors. Only four effectors were common between G. pallida and the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. These could have a conserved role in plant parasitism. A large SPRY domain containing gene family was identified in G. pallida. It has 299 members, of which 30 are predicted to be secreted and therefore categorised as effectors. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the family is hugely expanded and specific to Globodera species. Fifty-four putative effectors were cloned from G. pallida cDNA. Transgenic lines of Arabidopsis thaliana and Solanum tuberosum L. ‘Désirée’ were produced, to express a range of these effectors and act as tools for functional characterisation. Potato lines that expressed selected effectors were subjected to phenotypic analysis and pathogen susceptibility assays. The largest range of aberrant phenotypes was observed for those plants expressing GpIA7 and GpIVG9. Potato lines expressing GpIA7 showed altered growth phenotypes and an increased susceptibility to Phytophthora infestans CS-12. GpIVG9-expressing potato lines showed accelerated growth, distorted leaves and increased susceptibility to nematode invasion. A more in-depth functional characterisation was conducted on a ubiquitin extension protein effector. The G. pallida ubiquitin extension protein suppressed PAMPtriggered immunity and the C-terminal extension was required for this activity. The outcomes from this work and the tools generated for future experimentation will contribute to elucidating the complex interactions between pathogens and their hosts.
16
Lord, James Starkey. "Biofumigation for control of Globodera pallida and Rhizoctania solani." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11304/.
Анотація:
Potato cyst nematodes, Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis are a major problem for British potato growers, They are currently estimated to cost over £35 million y-l in lost yield and nematicides. Due to environmental concerns, some of the most widely used nematicides in the 1990s have now been withdrawn from use within the European Union and more environmentally benign control measures are sought. The soil-borne fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani is another constraint on potato production for which current control measures are not entirely satisfactory. Biofumigation, the incorporation of brassica green manures into soil to control soil-borne pests and pathogens, has the potential to control various organisms in a number of cropping systems. The mechanism most commonly implicated in pest or pathogen suppression by brassica green mulches is the production of volatile secondary metabolites called isothiocyanates, which are produced upon enzymatic hydrolysis of parent glucosinolates. In some cases, suppression through biological mechanisms or by volatile toxins not derived from glucosinolates has also been observed. The principal aims of this project were to evaluate the potential of biofumigation to control G. pallida and R. solani and to determine the mechanisms involved in any suppression. An in vitro toxicity assay was developed and used to screen five isothiocyanates and aqueous leaf extracts of 22 brassica lines for toxicity to G. pallida second- stage juveniles (J2). G. pallida J2 were highly serisitive to isothiocyanates and to extracts of several of the brassica lines tested. The toxicity of benzyl, 2-phenylethyl, 2-propenyl and 3-(methylthio)propyl isothiocyanate was similar, with ED80 values ranging from 11 to 18 μM, while 2-methylbutyl isothiocyanate was less toxic. The plants causing greatest suppression in vitro were Raphanus sativus, Nasturtium officinale and Brassica juncea. The fungistatic activity of the isothiocyanates toward R. so/ani was determined in vitro. The rank order of toxicity of the isothiocyanates to the two organisms was similar but the fungus was more tolerant than the nematode. A method was developed for quantifying viable potato cyst nematode eggs by measuring the abundance of actin mRNA and selected plants were tested for activity toward G. pallida eggs and R. solani mycelium in soil in glasshouse trials. Glucosinolate profiles of the brassicas incorporated into soil were determined by HPLC. Brassica green manures had no consistent effect on the density of R. solani inoculum or on resulting disease incidence on bioassay potato plants. In contrast, several brassica green manures caused substantial mortality to G. pallida eggs, of which three B. juncea lines (Nemfix, Fumus and ISCI99) containing high concentrations of 2-propenyl glucosinolate were the most effective. These plants caused over 95 % mortality in polyethylene- covered soil and over 80 % mortality in uncovered soil. Toxicity in soil correlated with the concentration of isothiocyanate-producing glucosinolate but not total glucosinolate. The biosafety of the approach was examined by characterising the effects of biofumigation and conventional fumigation on the free-living soil nematode community. Both treatments had strong and lasting effects on free-living nematodes, reducing the abundance of sensitive taxa by almost 100 %. This study has shown that biofumigation with particular brassica varieties can potentially achieve levels of control that would make it commercially viable as part of integrated management of potato cyst nematodes.
17
Loma, Mercado Karem Khaterine. "Caraterizacion nutricional del algarrobo (Prosopis spp.) en el Departamento de Cochabamba." Cochabamba, Bolivia, 1997. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/Benson/image/24.pdf.
18
Mendez, Tanya. "Analysis of vascular response to systemic heating using the pallid bat wing." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2547.
19
Baptista-Saidemberg, Nicoli Barão [UNESP]. "Efeito das interações peptídeo-peptídeo e peptídeo-membrana nas atividades funcionais de toxinas peptídicas do veneno da vespa social Agelaia pallipes pallipes (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87682.
Анотація:
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Os venenos de Vespidae são importantes ferramentas para a defesa dos ninhos. Acidentes com ferroadas de vespas sociais são muito comuns e podem causar diversos sintomas nas vitimas. Esses venenos são ricos em peptídeos policatiônicos, geralmente envolvidos em processos inflamatórios. Os peptídeos mais abundantes encontrados nos venenos das vespas são os peptídeos quimiotáticos e mastoparanos, porém dentre os diversos componentes encontrados no veneno da vespa social A. p. pallipes ainda existem algumas toxinas pouco caracterizadas farmacologicamente. Entre elas encontrou-se os peptídeos Protonectina e Protonectina (1-6) com massas moleculares de 1209 Da (I-L-G-T-I-L-G-L-L-K-G-L-NH2) e 628 Da (I-L-G-T-I-L-NH2), respectivamente. Ao nível molecular, esses peptídeos interagem entre si, resultando na potenciação das atividades funcionais da Protonectina. Considerando-se a importância deste tipo de interação molecular para a indução de processos inflamatórios, os objetivos deste estudo foram: caracterizar a estrutura secundária desses peptídeos individualmente e também a estrutura supramolecular resultante de suas interações, observando os efeitos da mesma sobre as ações de degranulação de mastócitos, quimiotaxia e hemólise. Ambos os peptídeos foram sintetizados manualmente em fase sólida por química Fmoc. A Protonectina é um peptídeo anfifílico, enquanto que a Protonectina (1-6) é muito pequena para assumir estrutura secundária anfifílica. Análises de Dicroísmo Circular, revelaram que na presença de TFE, a Protonectina e Protonectina (1-6) tendem a apresentar estrutura secundária constituída de 36.7% e 17.6% na forma de hélicea, respectivamente. Entretanto, a mistura de ambos peptídeos na proporção de 1:1 resultou em uma estrutura supramolecular que apresentou 48.3% de hélice-a sugerindo, assim, uma possível interação entre esses dois peptídeos...
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Baptista-Saidemberg, Nicoli Barão. "Efeito das interações peptídeo-peptídeo e peptídeo-membrana nas atividades funcionais de toxinas peptídicas do veneno da vespa social Agelaia pallipes pallipes (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87682.
Анотація:
Orientador: Mário Sérgio PalmaBanca: Maria Anita Mendes
Banca: Valmir Fadel
Os venenos de Vespidae são importantes ferramentas para a defesa dos ninhos. Acidentes com ferroadas de vespas sociais são muito comuns e podem causar diversos sintomas nas vitimas. Esses venenos são ricos em peptídeos policatiônicos, geralmente envolvidos em processos inflamatórios. Os peptídeos mais abundantes encontrados nos venenos das vespas são os peptídeos quimiotáticos e mastoparanos, porém dentre os diversos componentes encontrados no veneno da vespa social A. p. pallipes ainda existem algumas toxinas pouco caracterizadas farmacologicamente. Entre elas encontrou-se os peptídeos Protonectina e Protonectina (1-6) com massas moleculares de 1209 Da (I-L-G-T-I-L-G-L-L-K-G-L-NH2) e 628 Da (I-L-G-T-I-L-NH2), respectivamente. Ao nível molecular, esses peptídeos interagem entre si, resultando na potenciação das atividades funcionais da Protonectina. Considerando-se a importância deste tipo de interação molecular para a indução de processos inflamatórios, os objetivos deste estudo foram: caracterizar a estrutura secundária desses peptídeos individualmente e também a estrutura supramolecular resultante de suas interações, observando os efeitos da mesma sobre as ações de degranulação de mastócitos, quimiotaxia e hemólise. Ambos os peptídeos foram sintetizados manualmente em fase sólida por química Fmoc. A Protonectina é um peptídeo anfifílico, enquanto que a Protonectina (1-6) é muito pequena para assumir estrutura secundária anfifílica. Análises de Dicroísmo Circular, revelaram que na presença de TFE, a Protonectina e Protonectina (1-6) tendem a apresentar estrutura secundária constituída de 36.7% e 17.6% na forma de hélicea, respectivamente. Entretanto, a mistura de ambos peptídeos na proporção de 1:1 resultou em uma estrutura supramolecular que apresentou 48.3% de hélice-a sugerindo, assim, uma possível interação entre esses dois peptídeos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
The venoms of Vespidae are important tools for nest defense. Social wasp stinging accidents are very common and can cause diverse symptoms to the victims. These venoms are rich in policationic peptides, generally involved in inflamatory proccesses. The most abundant peptides found in wasp venoms are the mastoparans and chemotactic peptides. However, among the diverse peptidic components found in the venom of A. p. pallipes there are some toxins still not well characterized. Among them were found the Protonectin (MW 1209 Da; I-L-G-T-I-L-G-L-L-K-G-L-NH2) and Protonectin(1-6) ( MW 628 Da; IL- G-T-I-L-NH2) peptides. These peptídes interact to each other at molecular level potentiating the activities of Protonectin. Considering the importance of this interaction, the objectives of this study were: to characterize the secondary structure of these peptides individually and also the supramolecular structure resulting from their interaction, observing the biological effects of this supramolecular structure on mast cell degranulation, hemolysis and chemotaxis. Both peptides were manually synthesized by using manual solid phase Fmoc Chemistry. The Protonectin is probably an amphiphilic peptide, while Protonnectin (1-6) is too small to assume this conformation. Circular Dichroism analysis, in presence of TFE, revealed that Protonectin and Protonectin (1-6) tend to form 36.7% and 17.6% of a-helix, respectively. However, the mixture of both peptides at the proportion 1:1 resulted in a supramolecular structure presenting 48.3% of a-helix, suggesting an interaction betwen the peptides mentioned above. The results and conclusions obtained in this study were: (1) the Protonectin presented hemolytic activity; caused mast cell degranulating, LDH release from mast cells and presented high chemotactic activity (characteristic of G-protein interaction); (2) the Protonectin (1-6) only presented chemotactic activity ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
21
Johnston, David Stanley. "Foraging flexibility in the pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq22892.pdf.
22
Salame, Y. W. "Biochemical differentiation between pathotypes of Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382978.
23
Awan, Farooq Ahmed. "Tanning in potato cyst-nematodes, Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37623.
24
Jost-Schoubrenner, Brigitte. "L'élément féminin dans les oeuvres d'Anthony Trollope (Barsetshire & Palliser)." Montpellier 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON30033.
25
Atkočiūnaitė, Stasė. "Ežiuolės (Echinacea Moench.) genties rūšių anatominės ir morfologinės sandaros savitumai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070816_172921-61989.
Анотація:
Nuo 2004 metų buvo pradėta tirti blyškiosios ežiuolės (Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt) anatominė ir morfologinė sandara, atlikti lapo, stiebo ir šaknies tyrimai. Tęsiant pradėtą darbą magistriniame darbe, tyrimo objektu buvo pasirinktos dvi (Echinacea Moench.) genties rūšys: blyškioji (Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt) ir rausvažiedė (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.). Išanalizavus ežiuolės (Echinacea Moench.) genties rūšių vegetatyvinių organų anatominę sandarą, darbe pateikti išsamūs jų sandaros aprašymai, nurodomi anatominiai diagnostiniai požymiai bei kiekybiniai savitumai. Ištyrus blyškiosios (Echinacea pallida) ir rausvažiedės (Echinacea purpurea L.) ežiuolių vegetatyvinių organų anatominę sandarą visuose pavyzdžiuose nustatyta heterobatmija. Ežiuolės (Echinacea Moench.) lapuose didžiausią diagnostinę reikšmę turi žiotelinio aparato pagalbinių ląstelių skaičius ir išsidėstymas. Blyškiosios ežiuolės ( Echinacea pallida) lapalakščiui būdingas anomocitinis žiotelinio aparato tipas. Šio tipo žiotelinis aparatas apsuptas 3 pagalbinėmis ląstelėmis, viena iš kurių žymiai mažesnė už kitas dvi. Rausvažiedės ežiuolės (Echinacea purpurea L.) lapalakščiui būdingas anomocitinis žiotelinio aparato tipas. Tai toks žiotelinio aparato tipas, kai varstomosios ląstelės apsuptos nuo 2 iki 6 pagalbinių ląstelių, kurios nesiskiria nuo epidermio ląstelių nei dydžiu, nei forma.
Tiriant ežiuolės (Echinacea Moench.) genties rūšių epidermio sandarą nustatyta, kad žiotelinis aparatas išsidėsto... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Anatomical characteristic of Echinacea Moench. genus species is presented in this work. Then are reseached there species of Echinacea Moench.: E. purpurea, E. palaida and E. angustifolia. The description and comparison of overgraund stems, leaves, rhizomes and roots anatomic structure of there species are presented in this work, also diagnostic characters and quantative characteristic are specified. After anglyzis of anatomical structure of Echinacea Moench axial organs it was established heterobatmia. By anatomical characters comparison exodermis structure in the stems is of great diagnostic `importance. Exodermis lamellosity is constant character. The number of auxiliary cells of stomatal aparatus and their situation are of great diagnostic importance in the leaves. E. purpurea leaf has anomacitical stomatal aparatus type. The means, stomatal guard cells are surrounded by from 2 to 6 auxilaliary celle, which doesn't differ from epidermis cells. E. pallida leaft has anisocitical atomatal aparatus type. The stomatal guard cells of this are surrounded then other. Striking differences are characteristic to the structure and situation of secretory tissue in the anglyzis of anatomical structure of Echinacea Moench rhizomes. All analyzed plants have schizogenic glands. Epitelium cells lamellosity and inner canal cavity in the schizogenic glanda are different in the different species of plants. One Echinacea Moench. is different from another in lamelloity of suber tissue in... [to full text]
26
Saidemberg, Daniel Menezes [UNESP]. "Bioprospecção e caracterização químico-funcional de compostos orgânicos da baixas massas molecularesde venenos das vespas sociais: Agelaia pallipes pallipes, Agelaia vicina e Polybia paulista (Hymenoptera - Vespidae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100562.
Анотація:
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saidemberg_dm_dr_rcla.pdf: 1615145 bytes, checksum: 92ac7814050532bc681c040810a6efc1 (MD5)Consideráveis esforços estão sendo feitos no sentido de isolar e identificar compostos neuroativos presentes em secreções de Artrópodes, resultando na descoberta de muitos peptídeos e moléculas pequenas com ação bloqueadora de receptores de glutamato e/ou canais de cálcio. Tendo isso em vista, a secreção de muitos desses animais tornaram-se ferramentas úteis para os estudos fisiológicos de diversas funções neurais, e muitos dos compostos neurotóxicos produzidos por suas secreções agressivas/defensivas podem se tornar modelos estruturais e funcionais para o desenvolvimento racional de agentes neuroprotetores para diversas desordens neurológicas. Assim, os venenos das vespas Agelaia pallipes pallipes, Agelaia vicina e Polybia paulista foram fracionados em HPLC, e as frações puras, mais abundantes, foram investigadas por espectrometria de massas e ressonância magnética nuclear para elucidação estrutural das mesmas; e posteriormente, estas frações foram submetidas a diversos ensaios para a determinação de suas atividades biológicas, principalmente daquelas atividades relacionadas à neurotoxicidade/ neuroproteção, tanto em artrópodes como em mamíferos. Através desta abordagem foi possível identificar alguns dos compostos de baixas massas moleculares mais abundantes nos venenos das vespas sociais citadas acima, como a Histamina, a Serotonina, que são comuns a todos estes venenos e possuem como principal função, a potencialização da dor e inflamação, além de outros efeitos no SNC de vertebrados. Também foi isolado um novo tripeptídeo de sequência Gly-Leu-Leu-OH a partir do veneno da vespa A. vicina, cuja função ainda não é conhecida e a síntese e ensaios biológicos do mesmo serão realizados em algumas ramificações dessa tese. A partir do veneno da vespa P. paulista foi isolada 2-feniletilamina, um composto...
Considerable research efforts have been mounted to isolate and identify neuroactive compounds in Arthropods secretions, resulting in the discovery of many peptides and small molecules which block glutamate receptors and/or calcium channels. Thus, the secretion of many of these animals proved to be useful tools for physiological studies of neuronal function, and several of the neurotoxic compounds produced by their defensive/aggressive secretions may become structural and functional models for the rational development of neuroprotective agents for different neurological disorders. Thus, the venoms of Agelaia pallipes pallipes, Agelaia vicina e Polybia paulista were fractionated in a HPLC system, and the most abundant and pure fractions were investigated by Mass Spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for structural elucidation, and then, these compounds were assayed for biological activity determination, focusing the neuronal activities for these compounds, both in Arthropods and mammals. Considering this approach, it was possible to identify some of the most low molecular mass compounds in the venoms of the social wasps cited above, such as: Histamine and Serotonin, which were common to all of these species, presenting as main function to increase the pain and inflammation, in addition to other effects in the CNS of vertebrates. It was also isolated from the venom of the wasp A. vicina a new tripetide which had its sequence determined as Gly-Leu-Leu- OH, and whose function has not been determined. From the venom of the wasp P. paulista it was isolated 2-phenylethylamine, an amphetamine-like compound, whose occurrence is uncommon in animal venoms, and which has stimulatory effects on the CNS primarily related to dopaminergic neurotransmission. It caused effects of paralysis on Africanized bees, probably by hyper-excitability in the CNS of this organism. We have also observed locomotor... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
27
Saidemberg, Daniel Menezes. "Bioprospecção e caracterização químico-funcional de compostos orgânicos da baixas massas molecularesde venenos das vespas sociais : Agelaia pallipes pallipes, Agelaia vicina e Polybia paulista (Hymenoptera - Vespidae) /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100562.
Анотація:
Orientador: Mario Sergio PalmaBanca: Emanuel Carrilho
Banca: Dulce Helena Siqueira Silva
Banca: Roberta Cornello Ferreira Nocelli
Banca: Maria Elena de Lima Perez Garcia
Resumo: Consideráveis esforços estão sendo feitos no sentido de isolar e identificar compostos neuroativos presentes em secreções de Artrópodes, resultando na descoberta de muitos peptídeos e moléculas pequenas com ação bloqueadora de receptores de glutamato e/ou canais de cálcio. Tendo isso em vista, a secreção de muitos desses animais tornaram-se ferramentas úteis para os estudos fisiológicos de diversas funções neurais, e muitos dos compostos neurotóxicos produzidos por suas secreções agressivas/defensivas podem se tornar modelos estruturais e funcionais para o desenvolvimento racional de agentes neuroprotetores para diversas desordens neurológicas. Assim, os venenos das vespas Agelaia pallipes pallipes, Agelaia vicina e Polybia paulista foram fracionados em HPLC, e as frações puras, mais abundantes, foram investigadas por espectrometria de massas e ressonância magnética nuclear para elucidação estrutural das mesmas; e posteriormente, estas frações foram submetidas a diversos ensaios para a determinação de suas atividades biológicas, principalmente daquelas atividades relacionadas à neurotoxicidade/ neuroproteção, tanto em artrópodes como em mamíferos. Através desta abordagem foi possível identificar alguns dos compostos de baixas massas moleculares mais abundantes nos venenos das vespas sociais citadas acima, como a Histamina, a Serotonina, que são comuns a todos estes venenos e possuem como principal função, a potencialização da dor e inflamação, além de outros efeitos no SNC de vertebrados. Também foi isolado um novo tripeptídeo de sequência Gly-Leu-Leu-OH a partir do veneno da vespa A. vicina, cuja função ainda não é conhecida e a síntese e ensaios biológicos do mesmo serão realizados em algumas ramificações dessa tese. A partir do veneno da vespa P. paulista foi isolada 2-feniletilamina, um composto... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Considerable research efforts have been mounted to isolate and identify neuroactive compounds in Arthropods secretions, resulting in the discovery of many peptides and small molecules which block glutamate receptors and/or calcium channels. Thus, the secretion of many of these animals proved to be useful tools for physiological studies of neuronal function, and several of the neurotoxic compounds produced by their defensive/aggressive secretions may become structural and functional models for the rational development of neuroprotective agents for different neurological disorders. Thus, the venoms of Agelaia pallipes pallipes, Agelaia vicina e Polybia paulista were fractionated in a HPLC system, and the most abundant and pure fractions were investigated by Mass Spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for structural elucidation, and then, these compounds were assayed for biological activity determination, focusing the neuronal activities for these compounds, both in Arthropods and mammals. Considering this approach, it was possible to identify some of the most low molecular mass compounds in the venoms of the social wasps cited above, such as: Histamine and Serotonin, which were common to all of these species, presenting as main function to increase the pain and inflammation, in addition to other effects in the CNS of vertebrates. It was also isolated from the venom of the wasp A. vicina a new tripetide which had its sequence determined as Gly-Leu-Leu- OH, and whose function has not been determined. From the venom of the wasp P. paulista it was isolated 2-phenylethylamine, an amphetamine-like compound, whose occurrence is uncommon in animal venoms, and which has stimulatory effects on the CNS primarily related to dopaminergic neurotransmission. It caused effects of paralysis on Africanized bees, probably by hyper-excitability in the CNS of this organism. We have also observed locomotor... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
28
Grisi, Maria Eutalia Santana. "Aspects of the genome of the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244745.
29
Haddaway, Neal Robert. "Conservation of British white-clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes) using Ark sites." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531624.
30
Atkins, Jamie Marc. "Characterisation of potato genes that respond to parasitism by globodera pallida." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522927.
31
Gallagher, M. B. "The ecology and behaviour of the white-clawed crayfish, Austropotamobius pallipes." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273060.
32
Dirian, Lara. "Embryonic Origin of Adult Neural Stem Cells in the Zebrafish Pallium." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T061/document.
Анотація:
Les cellules souches neurales adultes (aNSCs) sont définies par des fonctions d’auto-Renouvellement et de multipotence qui leur permettent de générer dans le cerveau adulte tant des neurones que des cellules gliales. Contrairement aux mammifères, le cerveau de poisson zèbre présente de nombreuses zones de neurogenèse adulte dont la plus caractérisée est la zone ventriculaire du pallium. Elle est composée de cellules de glies radiaires qui font office de aNSCs dans cette partie du cerveau. Quels progéniteurs neuraux embryonnaires sont sélectionnés pour être à l’origine de ces aNSCs reste mal connu. Ce travail a pour objectif de déterminer la contribution relative de deux populations de progéniteurs neuraux embryonnaires, les “clusters proneuraux” (impliqués dans la neurogenèse embryonnaire) et les “pools de progéniteurs” (caractérisés par une neurogenèse tardive), dans la formation des aNSCs du pallium de poisson zèbre. Dans un premier temps, à l’aide de techniques génétiques de lignage cellulaire, nous avons pu identifier la population de progéniteurs neuraux embryonnaires à l’origine d’une sous-Population des aNSCs située dans la partie dorso-Médiane du pallium. Des expériences de lignage utilisant la lignée de poisson zèbre her4:ERT2CreERT2 combinées à des traitements inhibiteurs de la voie de signalisation Notch nous ont permis de déterminer que les progéniteurs neuraux donnant naissance aux aNSCs du pallium dorso-Médian expriment le gène « Enhancer of split » her4, qui caractérise les “clusters proneuraux”, ce dès des stades très précoces du développement. Dans un second temps, des analyses clonales ainsi que des recombinaisons spatialement contrôlées par laser nous ont permis de mettre en évidence que les aNSCs de la partie latérale du pallium de poisson zèbre ne proviennent pas de progéniteurs embryonnaires exprimant her4 et maintenus par la voie Notch, mais d’une population restreinte de cellules neuroépitheliales situées dans la plaque du toit du télencéphale embryonnaire. Ces cellules présentent des caractéristiques spécifiques des “pool de progéniteurs”, à savoir l’expression de gènes her non-Canoniques (dont l’expression n’est pas dépendante de la voie de signalisation Notch) tels que her6 et her9, l’expression de ligands de voies de signalisation telles que Wnt, BMP et FGF, et une neurogenèse tardive. Elles génèrent progressivement, à partir du stade juvénile, une grande partie des aNSCs du pallium latéral. De plus, une partie de ces cellules neuroépitheliales persistent dans le pallium latéral postérieur chez l’adulte et continuent de former de novo des aNSCs dans cette région du cerveau. Outre la vision globale que cette étude nous a permis d’avoir sur l’origine embryonnaire de la totalité des aNSCs du pallium de poisson zèbre, elle a aussi délivré des informations sur les étapes de maturation progressive des progéniteurs embryonnaires pour former les aNSCs, et les similitudes et divergences qui existent entre la population dorso-Médiane et latérale à ce sujet. Enfin, en traçant les neurones issus des cellules souches à différents stades, cette étude a pour la première fois mis en évidence la formation progressive des compartiments neuronaux du pallium de poisson zèbre, et ainsi permis d’apprécier les homologies de ces compartiments avec les régions du pallium de sourisAdult neural stem cells (aNSCs) are defined by their self-Renewal and multipotency, which allow them to generate both neurons and glial cells in the adult brain. Contrary to mammals, the zebrafish brain maintains numerous neurogenic zones in the adult, among which the most characterized is the pallial ventricular zone. It is composed of radial glial cells serving as aNSCs. Which embryonic neural progenitors are at the origin of these aNSCs is still unknown. This work aims to determine the relative contributions of two embryonic neural progenitor populations, the «proneural clusters» (involved in embryonic neurogenesis) and the « progenitor pools » (characterized by a delayed neurogenesis), to the formation of aNSCs in the zebrafish pallium. First, using genetic lineage tracing techniques, we were able to identify the embryonic neural progenitor population at the origin of a subpopulation of aNSCs located in the dorso-Medial part of the pallium. The her4:ERT2CreERT2 transgenic driver line, combined with pharmacological treatments inhibiting the Notch signalling pathway, allowed showing that neural progenitors giving rise to dorso-Medial pallial aNSCs express the « Enhancer of split » her4 gene, specifically expressed in « proneural clusters » from very early stages of development. As a second step, clonal analyses as well as spatially controlled recombinations by laser highlighted that aNSCs of the zebrafish lateral pallium do not derive from her4-Positive embryonic progenitors maintained by the Notch pathway, but from a restricted population of neuroepithelial cells located in the embryonic telencephalic roof plate. These cells display « progenitor pool » specific features, as for instance the expression of non-Canonical her genes (independent of Notch signalling) such as her6 and her9, the expression of components of signalling pathways such as Wnt, BMP, FGF, and a late neurogenesis onset. These progenitors progressively generate, from juvenile stages, the vast majority of the aNSCs of the lateral pallium. Most interestingly, a small population of these neuroepithelial cells persists in the postero-Lateral pallium at adult stage and keeps generating de novo aNSCs of this brain region. In addition to identifying the origin of pallial aNSCs in the zebrafish, this study also delivers information on the progressive maturation steps that embryonic progenitors undergo to generate aNSCs, and highlights similarities and differencies existing between the dorso-Medial and lateral progenitors. Finally, this work also permits tracing the neurons generated by stem cells at different stages. This reveals for the first time the progressive formation of the different zebrafish pallial compartements, and allows appreciating their homologies with the mouse pallial regions
33
Phillips, Roger. "Tidally driven sediment transport pathways around the Sea Palling Breakwaters, Norfolk." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2010. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/19309/.
34
Cardenas, Camacho Cynthia Obdulia Raquel. "Actividad antimicrobiana y antioxidante del extracto etanólico de Prosopis pallida “algarrobo”." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/5857.
Анотація:
Evalúa las actividades antimicrobiana y antioxidante del extracto etanólico de Prosopis pallida. Obtiene el extracto etanólico de las hojas, vaina (pulpa) y semillas para la evaluación de dichas actividades. Determina el contenido de polifenoles totales por el método de Folin- Ciocalteu. Evalúa la actividad antimicrobiana mediante el método de difusión en agar frente a Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 y Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 y la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI) por el método de microdilución colorimétrico en microplaca. Determina la actividad antioxidante utilizando los métodos del radical libre 1,1-difenil-2-picril-hidrazilo (DPPH) y el método del radical ácido 2,2”-azinobis (3-etilbenzotiazolin) -6- sulfónico (ABTS●+). Las hojas de Prosopis pallida presenta mayor contenido de compuestos fenólicos expresado como 8,39 mg/Eq de ácido gálico /g de extracto seco. El extracto etanólico de las hojas de Prosopis pallida presenta actividad antimicrobiana frente a Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 con un CMI = 1000 µg/mL y frente a Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 con un CMI= 62,5 µg/mL. Los extractos de las hojas, vaina (pulpa) y semillas en el análisis de DPPH presentan una concentración efectiva media (EC50) de 456,75 µg/mL; 392,15 µg/mL y 309,10 µg/mL; para el ensayo de ABTS●+ muestra un EC50 de 4,7 mg/mL; 10,39 mg/mL y 9,90 mg/mL respectivamente.Tesis
35
Vásquez, Rojas Marko Esteban. "Micropropagación de Alstroemeria pallida Graham a través de rizomas in vitro." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/150800.
Анотація:
Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Profesional de Ingeniero AgrónomoComúnmente las plantas de alstroemeria (Alstromeria L.) son propagadas vegetativamente por división de su rizoma, pero este proceso consume tiempo y contribuye a la propagación de enfermedades. Es por esto que la mayoría de los híbridos de alstroemeria hoy en día son micro propagados in vitro mediante división de sus rizomas. La micropropagación es un método eficiente, limpio y prolijo. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar diferentes medios de cultivo con distintas concentraciones de agar (0,0; 3,5; 7,0 g•L-1) y citoquininas en forma de BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) (0,0; 0,5; 1,0 y 2,0 mg•L-1) con el fin de determinar las mejores condiciones de estos factores para desarrollar un método eficiente de micropropagación para Alstroemeria pallida Graham. Se evaluó el peso del explantes (g), el número de brotes del rizoma y el largo de estos (cm), la longitud del rizoma (cm), el número de rizomas obtenidos y las tasas de proliferación, de mortalidad y de contaminación, también se hizo un registro fotográfico de los explantes.
36
Randall, John L. "Pollination ecology of the simultaneously flowering Impatiens capensis and I. pallida." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49929.
Анотація:
In mixed stands of the annual Impatiens capensis and I. pallida, bumblebees visit I. pallida almost exclusively even when the nutritional reward of I. pallida is removed. This phenomenon contradicts certain models proposed for foraging behavior in simultaneously flowering species and those dealing with optimal foraging. Such foraging behavior could have potentially devastating effects on the nonpreferred species, especially if the plant is an annual.
Both Impatiens species share the same primary pollinators when they grow allopatrically, but when they grow sympatrically I. pallida continues to attract bumblebees while I. capensis depends on hummingbirds and small bees for pollination. Thus competition for pollinators between these Impatiens represents an important plant-plant and plant·pollinator interaction with potential consequences. When I. capensis is less frequented by bumblebees when sympatric with I. pallida, I. capensis exhibits reduced fecundity.
Mechanisms of interference through improper pollen transfer are described for the Impatiens species. Pollen of I. pallida adheres to and germinates on the stigmas of I. capensis and the pollen tubes reach the ovules. In contrast, pollen of I. capensis adheres poorly to I. pallida stigmas and fails to germinate. No hybridization occurs between the species. Scanning electron micrographs of pollen and stigma surfaces of the two species revealed no morphological differences.
Among the floral characteristics examined, only flower color appeared to influence bumblebee preference for I. pallida. Differences between the species in ultraviolet absorbance patterns, perianth size and shape, odor, and nectar quantity and quality did not affect the pollinator preference of bumblebees. Differences in nectar characteristics and production rate were found among Impatiens populations. However, nectar quantity, quality, and production rates did not differ within allopatric or sympatric populations, but both species had higher nectar volumes with lower solute concentrations in the morning, and lower nectar volumes with higher solute concentrations in the late afternoon. Differences in nectar volumes among populations appeared to be associated with environmental factors affecting population sites.
I. capensis avoids competition and maintains itself in sympatric populations with I. pallida by depending on hummingbirds and insects other than bumblebees as pollinators, and has the ability to produce cleistogamous flowers and their subsequent progeny to ensure sexual reproduction. However, inbred progeny of I. capensis are competitively inferior to outcrossed stock. Nevertheless, I. capensis does persist in mixed stands of I. pallida despite the absence of bumblebee pollination and the presence of lower seed set.Ph. D.
incomplete_metadata
37
Ingram, Katherine P. "The ecological and evolutionary implications of genetic structure and diet in the pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus)." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1447597.
38
Saltzgiver, Melody. "Genetic Management Plan for the Endangered Pallid Sturgeon (Scaphirynchus albus) Captive Broodstock Maintained at Gavin's Point National Fish Hatchery." OpenSIUC, 2009. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/51.
Анотація:
Pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) is a native North American fish that was listed as a federally endangered species in 1990 due to failure in spawning and recruitment, perhaps as a result of human modifications to their habitat. The upper Missouri River basin pallid sturgeon have been shown to be genetically distinct from other pallid sturgeon. Since there has been no natural recruitment in the upper Missouri River for several decades, perpetuation of this genetically distinct unit is reliant on propagation using remaining wild fish as broodstock. The expense associated with acquiring unique individuals from the remaining wild broodstock is causing wild collection to become a less viable option each year. It has been proposed that rearing progeny of wild broodstock fish in a hatchery setting as captive broodstock may be feasible alternative to wild collections. The genetic risks associated with the creation of a captive broodstock need to be investigated and a captive management plan needs to be developed prior to the implementation of a captive broodstock program. The relatedness values and the effective population size for the wild caught founders were determined by genotyping wild upper Missouri River pallid sturgeon at 16 previously developed microsatellite loci. The founding wild broodstock were shown to encompass an ample amount of genetic variation and a sufficiently large effective population size. The broodstock currently housed as Gavin's Point National Fish Hatchery can be exclusively used for the propagation of pallid sturgeon to be stocked in the upper Missouri River with the caveat that descendents from each wild fish will be spawned in the future and that the reproductive variance of the broodstock be controlled to maximize Ne and thus reduce inbreeding.
39
Krampe, Matthew Stephen. "Development of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Markers for Rapid, Inexpensive, and Standardized Identification of Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) and Shovelnose (S. platorynchus) Sturgeon Larvae." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/675.
Анотація:
The purpose of this project was to develop inexpensive, standardized, and high throughput Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers that discriminate between pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) and shovelnose (S. platorynchus) sturgeon for use as a larval identification tool. A total of 67 polymorphic sites was identified in DNA sequences from three genes: Recombination Activating Gene-1, Beta Actin, and Beta-2-Microglobulin. Allele frequencies from the 10 most variable SNPs were characterized for both pallid and shovelnose sturgeon in three geographically separated populations throughout the range of the pallid sturgeon. To create a standardized method of genotyping SNPs for larval pallid and shovelnose sturgeon, 5' nuclease allelic discrimination (TaqMan) assays were designed for two unlinked SNPs that exhibited the greatest allele frequency differences between species. A power analysis compared these SNP loci and their diagnostic power for species discrimination compared to sixteen microsatellite loci currently used for species discrimination (Schrey et al. 2007) One SNP locus was the most powerful marker for species identification in the upper and middle Missouri River. This study provides practical genetic tools for species discrimination between pallid and shovelnose that will facilitate understanding addressing questions that were previously too costly, labor intensive or technically challenging to answer.
40
Carr, Catherine. "Microarray investigation of the role of Pax6 at the PSPB using a novel tauGFP-Pax6 reporter mouse." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4148.
Анотація:
Pax6 encodes a highly conserved transcriptional regulator that is widely expressed during development of the eye, olfactory bulbs and central nervous system. Pax6-/- mice exhibit severe brain defects, lack eyes and nasal structures, and die at birth. Included among the functions of Pax6 are cell adhesion, cell cycle progression, axon guidance and boundary formation. The pallial-subpallial boundary (PSPB) is both a physical and gene expression boundary separating dorsal and ventral telencephalon. Pax6 is required for this boundary to develop. In Pax6-/- embryos, genes which normally have a sharp border of expression at the PSPB become ectopically expressed and the radial glial fasicles that make up the physical component of the boundary fail to form. There is also an increase in the number of interneurons migrating dorsally across the boundary to enter the cortex while corticofugal axons struggle to cross the PSPB and enter the ventral telencephalon. Here a novel tauGFP-Pax6 reporter mouse, DTy54, is described in which cells capable of expressing Pax6 are tauGFP positive. In general the expression pattern of tauGFP corresponds well with the known Pax6 expression pattern in the eye and forebrain and the gradient of cortical Pax6 expression from high rostro-laterally to low caudo-medially is also recapitulated by tauGFP. The cytoskeletal localisation of the tauGFP also labels cellular processes and the axons projecting from Pax6 positive cells such as those forming the optic nerve can be clearly seen. At E10.5 the forebrain expression patterns of tauGFP and Pax6 correspond exactly, but at later stages tauGFP expression can be seen in areas negative for Pax6. This can be seen at E12.5 in the ventral telencephalon and in both the dorsal and ventral telencephalon at E15.5. Pax6 and tauGFP expression colocalise more closely in the diencephalon. In situ hybridization analysis of Pax6 and tauGFP transcripts suggests that many of the discrepancies in expression seen at the protein level are due to a longer protein half-life for tauGFP than for Pax6. The expression of tauGFP allows the PSPB to be accurately dissected. The cells from this region can then be sorted by FACS to isolate cells expressing high levels of tauGFP and enrich for the Pax6 positive population. Microarray analysis of gene expression is this population of cells in Pax6+/+.DTy54+ and Pax6sey/sey. DTy54+ embryos is described here. This analysis identified many genes that show a significant change in expression at the PSPB in the absence of Pax6 expression including Ngn2, Lhx6, Neurod6 and CyclinD1 and 2. The biological processes and molecular functions in which these genes are involved were examined to provide insight into the role of Pax6 in this population of cells. Several processes previously reported to be regulated by Pax6 were identified together with a number of novel processes with which Pax6 has not formerly been associated. Some of these include cell cycle, neurogenesis, transcription and metabolic and signalling pathways. This study has also identified many novel downstream targets of Pax6, such as Sema3G and PlexinA4, which will help to elucidate the genetic basis for the Pax6sey/sey phenotype at the PSPB. The changes in expression levels of Ngn2, Lhx6 and Gsh2, identified by microarray, were validated by in situ hybridization, which showed a good correspondence with the microarray results.
41
Smit, Julie. "The effects of water availability on Impatiens capensis and Impatiens pallida (Balsaminaceae) /." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66125.
42
Duncan, Lisa Helen. "An investigation of the secretions of the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1995. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4356/.
Анотація:
Initial experiments performed in this study allowed species differentiation of Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis following immunoblotting with the lectin, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and the monoclonal antibody TEPC 15. Further studies were aimed at the isolation of amphidial secretions. Two methods of collecting secretions were attempted, one involving the modification of a previously described staining method, the other relying on the collection of ES products from living, sterile nematodes. Secretions collected from G. pallida using the two different methods were analysed using SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. Secretions were also used for anti-serum production, giving two anti-sera, Luffness anti-serum and ES anti-serum. These were subsequently used for immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence studies. Indirect immunofluorescence studies indicated that the two anti-sera recognised different nematode components. This was further confirmed by immunoblotting studies which revealed that Luffness anti-serum recognised a number of nematode proteins, and was capable of differentiating both between and with species of G. pallida and G. rostochiensis. In contrast, ES anti-serum recognised only two proteins which appeared to be conserved between the two species. Observations also indicated that presence of a nematode lectin component present in amphidial secretions with apparent specificity for N-acetylgalactosamine. Experiments were also performed to examine different methods of inducing secretions. Previous research (Goverse et al., 1994) has shown that the serotonin agonist 5-methoxy dimethyl tryptamine (DMT) is an effective inducer of nematode oesophageal secretions. Comparison of DMT-induced secretions with ES secretions using SDS-PAGE electrophoresis revealed that the protein profiles were similar, although some proteins were more abundant following induction with DMT. Treatment of G. pallida with DMT followed by indirect immunofluorescence with Luffness anti-serum revealed an increased and altered distribution of antibody binding on the nematode surface.
43
Cortini, Nadine. "Distribuzione dell'immunoreattività per la calbindina-D28k nell'amigdala palliale di tursiope (Tursiops truncatus)." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Анотація:
L’amigdala (o complesso amigdaloideo) è una struttura telencefalica che svolge un ruolo chiave nella genesi delle risposte emotive e nella modulazione della memoria esplicita. Le caratteristiche morfofunzionali del complesso nucleare amigdaloideo sono state studiate in modo dettagliato in ratto, gatto, scimmia e Uomo. Nonostante il notevole sviluppo neurologico, sono quasi assenti i dati relativi alle caratteristiche dell’amigdala palliale dei Cetacei. Di conseguenza, è stata condotta la presente ricerca che, utilizzando le amigdale di quattro tursiopi (Tursiops truncatus) maschi adulti, ha studiato le caratteristiche anatomiche dei nuclei profondi dell’amigdala palliale, considerandone la topografia, l’estensione, la citoarchitettura (morfologia e dimensioni dei neuroni) e l’espressione della calbindina-D28k (CB). Le sezioni del complesso amigdaloideo sono state in parte colorate mediante tecniche di istologia classica (colorazione con tionina) e in parte sottoposte a specifiche reazioni di immunoistochimica (immunoperossidasi e immunofluorescenza). L’analisi morfometrica dei neuroni colorati con tionina e di quelli CB-immunoreattivi ha riportato le aree dei pirenofori, espresse come media ± deviazione standard, misurate dopo averne tracciato manualmente il profilo. L’osservazione topografica ha rivelato che i nuclei profondi dell’amigdala comprendono il nucleo laterale, basale, basale accessorio e paralaminare (assente nei Roditori). I neuroni presenti nell’amigdala palliale profonda possono essere suddivisi in due categorie: piramidali e non-piramidali. Le tecniche di istologia classica hanno dimostrato che i neuroni piramidali rappresentano il 68.13% della popolazione neuronale e quelli non-piramidali il 31.87%: dato simile ai Primati. Infine, con i dati immunoistochimici ottenuti è possibile ritenere che, anche nel tursiope, parte dei circuiti inibitori presenti nei nuclei profondi dell’amigdala palliale siano costituiti da neuroni non-piramidali contenenti CB.
44
Jandry, Joëlle. "Proposition d'indicateurs de la qualité du milieu pour la préservation et la réintroduction d'Austropotamobius pallipes : éphémères et matière organique." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT2315/document.
Анотація:
L'Ecrevisse à pattes blanches ou Austropotamobius pallipes est un des organismes sentinelles des rivières françaises dont le déclin accompagne la dégradation progressive des masses d'eau superficielle. Les programmes de repeuplement pour la conservation de l'espèce s'inscrivent dans le cadre de la restauration écologique et de la surveillance de la bonne qualité des milieux. Pour leur réussite, il est nécessaire de pouvoir évaluer le potentiel d'un site à être repeupler. En ce sens, le présent travail a proposé l'emploi des éphéméroptères et de la matière organique comme indicateurs. L'étude a été menée sur des ruisseaux de têtes de bassin des Deux-Sèvres qui constituent encore des sites à A. pallipes. La présence de certaines familles d'éphéméroptères (Leptophlebiidae) est corrélée avec la présence de cette écrevisse. Ces indicateurs biologiques ont prouvé leur efficacité dans le cadre de campagne de repeuplements réussis. Les propriétés de fluorescence de la matière organique expriment le fonctionnement des milieux et par extension leur qualité. Un modèle statistique bâti sur ces propriétés permet également de prédire la probabilité de présence ou d’absence d’A. pallipes pour un site donné. Les deux indicateurs proposés dans ce travail ont montré leur potentiel pour servir d'outil à la réintroduction de cette espèceWhite-clawed crayfish (Austopotamobius pallipes) is a sentinel organism in French rivers. Its decline follows the progressive degradation of the masses of water surfaces. Restocking programs for the conservation of this species take place in the frame of ecological restoring and monitoring of good environment quality. For their success, it is necessary to evaluate the potential of a site to be repopulated. In this sense, the present work proposes the use of Ephemeroptera (Leptophlebiidae) and Organic Matter as indicators. This study was conducted in headwater streams of the Deux-Sèvres region (France), which are suitable sites for A. pallipes. The presence of certain species of mayflies is correlated with the presence of this white-clawed crayfish. This biological indicator had proven its efficiency under a succeeded restocking campaign. The fluorescence properties of the Organic Matter express the functionning of the sites and by expansion their quality. A statistical model built on these properties also allows to predict the probability of a site for the presence or absence of A. pallipes. Two indicators proposed in this work have shown their potential toserve as a tool for the reintroduction of this species
45
Sherry, Minu. "Cytology, ploidy and molecular taxonomy of Prosopis juliflora DC and Prosopis pallida HBK." Thesis, Coventry University, 2012. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/c467c5bc-b765-483d-b0f5-f7e1d59d84b0/1.
Анотація:
Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. and P. pallida (H.&.B. ex Willd.) H.B.K. occur naturally in the Americas and they are morphologically similar species. They are multipurpose trees and their ability to grow in poor soil conditions has encouraged their introduction throughout the arid regions of the tropics and semi tropics. The taxonomy of the genus Prosopis Linnaeus emend. Burkart is unclear and a revision of the genus is suggested by several studies. Due to their similarity, the differentiation of P. juliflora and P. pallida is difficult. Although there has been some success in differentiating the species using ploidy, leaf morphology and molecular markers, further approaches are required. This study looked for suitable cytological characters and molecular markers that would differentiate the two tropical species. The cytological character analysis allowed for the development of a dichotomous key for their identification based on leaf stomatal characters. Stomatal length and epidermal cell density are the two characters on which the keys were developed. Correct identification of the species will allow for genetic improvement programmes and conservation efforts in the native regions. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that P. juliflora and P. pallida were separable into two groups. This could help in the classification of unknown herbarium specimens or previously misidentified samples. The phylogenetic relationship of the two species is also disputed and previous RAPD studies show close genetic similarity between the two species, suggesting a reconsideration of the series within section Algarobia. There are also disputes regarding the geographical distribution of both species and naming of new species. In this study, similarity index analysis and cluster analysis on the RAPD data revealed P. juliflora to be more closely related to North American Prosopis spp. than to P. pallida.
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Rego, Evandro Jose Lima. "Purificação e caracterização de uma lectina isolada das sementes de Crotalaria pallida Aiton." [s.n.], 2000. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/316572.
Анотація:
Orientador: Benedito Oliveira FilhoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Doutorado
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CAXIAS, Fabricio da Costa. "Proposição e descrição das espécies do grupo Edessa pallida, Dallas, 1851 (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae)." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/4266.
Анотація:
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Pentatomidae é a quarta maior família dentro de Heteroptera sendo composta por 760 gêneros e 4700 espécies. Esta família tem distribuição mundial, mas as subfamílias Cyrtocorinae, iscocephalinae e Edessinae são exclusivas da região Neotropical. Dentre as subfamílias de Pentatomidae, Edessinae é uma das que apresenta o maior número de problemas taxonômicos e nomenclaturais, concentrados basicamente no gênero Edessa. Edessinae é um táxon megadiverso (cerca de 280 espécies conhecidas e mais de 350 desconhecidas da ciência) e formada atualmente por cinco gêneros: Edessa (259 espécies descritas), Olbia (5), Pantochlora (1), Peromatus (7) e Brachystethus (10). O estudo atual de Edessa é feito através da organização de exemplares em grupos de espécies morfologicamente semelhantes. Este trabalho segue esta linha com a proposição do grupo Edessa pallida. Este grupo é baseado em características morfológicas externas como a forma afunilada do corpo, padrão de pontuação do corpo, reticulação das asas, padrão de manchas no abdome, bem como características da genitália dos machos. As espécies incluídas neste grupo são Edessa pallida Dallas, 1851, Edessa inscripta Walker, 1868 e Edessa polymita Distant, 1890, além de cinco espécies novas para ciência. O número total de exemplares examinados neste trabalho foi 70 indivíduos pertencentes a 12 coleções nacionais e estrangeiras. As espécies foram descritas, ilustradas e medidas seguindo um padrão adotado para a família. As espécies já conhecidas tiveram suas distribuições geográficas ampliadas. A sp. nov. 1 foi descrita de exemplares provenientes do Suriname, Guiana Francesa e Brasil; a sp. nov. 2 da Guiana e Brasil; a sp. nov. 3 do Brasil; a sp. nov. 4 da Guiana Francesa; e a sp. nov. 5 da Guiana, Suriname. Guiana Francesa e Brasil. Uma chave de identificação e um mapa com a distribuição geográfica das espécies são apresentados.
Pentatomidae is the fourth biggest family in Heteroptera and is composed by 470 genera and 4700 species. It is a world wide distributed family, but the subfamilies Cyrtocorinae, Discocephalinae and Edessinae are only found in the Neotropics. Among the Pentatomidae subfamilies Edessinae presents the major taxonomic and nomenclatural problems, which are concentrated in the genus Edessa. Edessinae is a megadiverse taxa (about 280 known species plus 350 unknown species) and composed by five genera: Edessa (259 described species), Olbia (5), Pantochlora (1), Peromatus (7) e Brachystethus (10). Recently Edessa has been studied by dividing the species in groups of morphologically similar species. The present work follows this line and proposes the Edessa pallida group. This group is based in external morphological characteristics such as the narrow body shape, punctures pattern, forewing reticulation abdominal spot pattern and also the characteristics of male genitalia. The included species are Edessa pallida Dallas, 1851, Edessa inscripta Walker, 1868 e Edessa polymita Distant, 1890, and five new species. The total sample examined in this work was 70 individuals belonging to 12 national and foreign collections. The species were described, illustrated and measured following the pattern adopted to the family. The described species had their distribution amplified. The sp. nov. 1 was described based on specimens from Surinam, French Guiana and Brazil; the sp. nov. 2 from Guiana and Brazil; the sp. nov. 3 from Brazil; the sp. nov. 4 from French Guiana; and the sp. nov. 5 from Guiana, Surinam, French Guiana and Brazil. An identification key and a geographic distribution map of the species are presented.
48
Peña, Suasnabar Carmen Gladys. "Síntesis enzimática de fructooligosacáridos a partir de los frutos de algarrobo (Prosopis pallida)." Doctoral thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/17933.
Анотація:
Pretende obtener fructooligosacáridos (FOS) por síntesis enzimática a partir de los carbohidratos presentes en los frutos de algarrobo (Prosopis pallida). Para ello, primero se evaluaron las enzimas comerciales inulinasa, invertasa y pectinasa con sacarosa al 30 % a 55 °C, 150 rpm y 60 min. Por otro lado, de los frutos de algarrobo se preparó la harina, realizó el análisis proximal, extrajeron y concentraron los carbohidratos hasta 20, 35 y 50 °Bx, para luego ser almacenados a 8 °C. Los parámetros de optimización considerados en la metodología de superficie de respuesta fueron: tiempo, temperatura, concentraciones de enzima y extracto acuoso de algarrobo; posteriormente estos parámetros se verificaron experimentalmente. La biosíntesis de FOS fue realizado mezclando extracto de algarrobo a las concentraciones de 20, 35 y 50 °Bx y pectinasa de Aspergillus aculeatus a 10, 35 y 61 mg, a 45, 55 y 65 °C durante 0,5; 9,5 y 18,0 h con agitación a 150 rpm. Los productos de la catálisis enzimática fueron tomados en diferentes tiempos; analizados inmediatamente por el método de la AOAC 999,03 y el programa informático Minitab 16. Las condiciones óptimas de reacción para la obtención de FOS fueron: concentración de extracto de algarrobo 38 °Bx, enzima 31 mg, 54 °C, 150 rpm y 12 h. El rendimiento experimental para FOS en el extracto concentrado de algarrobo fue 16,10 % por HPLC. Con esta investigación se valoriza a los frutos del algarrobo por la generación de un producto alimenticio funcional sobre la base de un proceso enzimático limpio y sostenible y de fácil escalamiento industrial.Perú. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Posgrado. Programa de Promoción de Tesis de Posgrado. 06369-R-17.
49
Yousfi, Hanane. "Développement de nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques pour pallier l'émergence de la résistance aux antifongiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/190704_YOUSFI_493ssh763uv119xcdly142ifq_TH.pdf.
Анотація:
Les infections fongiques invasives constituent un sérieux problème de santé publique dans le monde ; cette situation se complique par la disponibilité d’un faible nombre d’antifongiques utilisés en pratique clinique. De ce fait,1280 molécules médicamenteuses, constituant la chimiothèque Prestwick, ont été testées sur des souches de champignons multirésistants d’intérêt clinique, isolées à l’Hôpital la Timone de Marseille. Le criblage primitif à une concentration de 10 µM avait permis l’identification de plusieurs molécules capables d’inhiber la croissance fongique.Par la suite, on s’est focalisé sur deux molécules médicamenteuses : la colistine et la ribavirine. Les concentrations minimales inhibitrices de ces dernières ont été déterminées, de même que leur activité fongicide ou fongistatique sur une large collection de souches. Des combinaisons synergiques avec les antifongiques habituels ont été mises au point notamment celles de la ribavirine en association avec l’amphotéricine B, l’itraconazole et le voriconazole qui sont actives sur les souches de Candida albicans multirésistantes. Le but de notre troisième travail a été de comprendre le mécanisme d’action de la ribavirine, un antiviral, sur les Candida albicans et d’identifier sa potentielle cible. Pour se faire, les analogues des cibles de la ribavirine chez le virus de l’hépatite C, retrouvés chez les Candida albicans notamment les enzymes inosine-5’-monophosphate déshydrogénase (IMPDH) et l’ARN polymérase ont été étudiés. Des systèmes PCR et séquençage ont été développés pour détecter et analyser les gènes IMH3 et RPO21 qui codent pour les enzymes IMPDH et ARN polymérase respectivement chez les CandidaThe increasing incidence of invasive infections caused by pathogenic fungi is a major worldwide concern; a serious situation to which the limited number of available effective antifungals to face it, is another problem. Hence, there is a constant need for other compounds that possess antifungal properties. So by applying drug-repurposing approach, Prestwick Chemical Library containing 1,280 compounds previously approved by the FDA was tested against multidrug-resistant fungi recovered from La Timone Hospital in Marseille. Primary FDA approved drugs screening at fixed concentration of 10 µM, allowed us to identify several fungal growth inhibitors.Among these non-standard antifungals, we focused our study on both colistin and ribavirin drugs. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of these compounds were determined against a large collection of strains, and time-kill curves were performed to establish their fungicidal or fungistatic activity. Moreover, synergistic combinations with the current antifungal agents were examined; notably, association of ribavirin with either amphotericin B, itraconazole or voriconazole active against multidrug-resistant Candida albicans. The aim of the third part of our work was to identify the mechanism of action of ribavirin, an antiviral compound, on Candida albicans and its potential target. So, we focused our work on the analogue of ribavirin target in hepatitis C virus, present in Candida albicans namely inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) and RNA polymerase enzymes. We designed PCRs and sequencing systems to detect and analyse IMH3 and RPO21 genes that encode IMPDH and RNA polymerase enzymes respectively
50
Mayombo, Ntambwe Albert Serge. "Epiphytic diatom assemblages associated with South African kelps: Ecklonia maxima and Laminaria pallida." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7717.
Анотація:
Magister Scientiae (Biodiversity and Conservation Biology)Kelp forests are dynamic and productive ecosystems which host large biodiversity of sessile fauna and flora, including diatoms. These microalgae occur at the base of coastal marine food webs and contribute substantially to the productivity of marine ecosystems. Diatoms constitute one of the most common and species-rich groups of both phytoplankton and phytobenthos. Possessing a unique silica cell wall, diatoms play a key role in the global carbon and silicon cycles. As the changes in species composition of diatom communities are a direct reaction to the combination of environmental factors prevailing in their ecosystems, diatom analysis is widely and successfully used in biomonitoring of various environmental conditions and paleoecological reconstructions.