Дисертації з теми "Maturité de la vendange"
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Geraudie, Vincent. "Système d'aide à la conduite des procédés viticoles et oenologiques, basé sur l'utilisation d'un capteur piéton de suivi de maturité." Montpellier SupAgro, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NSAM0025.
Trujillo, Marine. "Rôle des caractères génétiques de la levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae et de la composition de la vendange sur la production d’esters lors de la fermentation alcoolique : Effet des gènes codants pour les estérases et du niveau de maturité des raisins sur les caractéristiques chimiques et sensorielles des vins rouges." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0454.
A lot of studies highlighted the perceptual role of esters in fruity aromatic expression of red wines, demonstrating that at least partially it was due to perceptive interactions. The synthesis of these esters can be affected by the yeast making the alcoholic fermentation but also by other parameters, more technological, such as the level of maturity of the harvest. In addition, few studies have been conducted to validate the physiological role of esters for yeast.In order to more precisely highlight the role of these factors in the synthesis of esters, deleted yeast strains of the major esterases have been constructed, and tested in fermentation in an oenological environment, in merlot and tempranillo musts harvested at two different maturities. Thus, the concentration of each linear and substituted ester could be determined in each vinification modality.The study of the different deletion mutants allowed, for the first time, to validate the role of the main esterases in the synthesis of linear esters in yeast but also the demonstration of two genes, not yet studied in oenological conditions, on the synthesis of substituted esters. The analysis of the genetic expression of the esterase deletion in yeast has also validated that these genes allow a true physiological stability of the yeast under stressful conditions.The impact of the degree of maturity of the harvest has been studied both in wines fermented with a standard commercial yeast but also fermented with a yeast deleted from the 4 main esterases. Advanced maturity, merlot grapes only, results in a 50% drop in linear ester content with standard yeast, which is no longer observed with the mutant yeast. This decrease in the concentration of linear esters in these mature Merlot wines is well correlated with a decrease in their fruity perception.In addition, aromatic reconstitutions made in these matrices made it possible to validate the total involvement of esters in the perception of the fruity aroma of red wines made with matrices of normal maturity. On the other hand, for mature merlot wines, there are other compounds besides esters that could explain the sensory differences observed in these wines.Finally, a transcriptomic approach is implemented to try to shed light on the factors that cause ester production changes as a function of the maturity level of merlot grapes. It has emerged that the maturity effect does not exist alone but is well combined with the progress of alcoholic fermentation. The overall effect of the matrix that can explain the differences observed between merlot wines
Vasseur, Jacqueline. "Typologie d'alliances et maturité d'activité." Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHEC0018.
Jolivet, Delphine. "Maturité du projet d'urbanisme et temporalités : détermination de la maturité du projet selon son épaisseur et sa transversalité temporelles." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00985753.
Girod, Denis. "Détermination de la maturité des avocats Hass par imagerie hyperspectrale." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2008. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/137/1/GIROD_Denis.pdf.
Grebici, Khadidja. "La Maturité de l'Information et le Processus de Conception Collaborative." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00271524.
Urbas, Joseph. "La contingence dans les romans de maturité de Herman Melville." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070033.
The aims of this study is to assert the key role of the idea of contingency in the late novels of Herman Melville through an analysis of Moby-Dick, Pierre, and the confidence-man. A brief reading of the posthumous work Billy shows the continuing importance of this theme in Melville's thought
Actis-Grosso, Maurice. "Giorgio Bassani entre histoire et mémoire : passion commémorative et maturité conflictuelle." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040018.
Generated by the deep impact of the Shoah or genocide, the Jewish contemporary Italian writer Giorgio Bassani’s works, known under the titles of Il romanzo di Ferrara ( narrative production ) and In rima e senza ( poetical production ), are the point of elaboration of a memorial saga in which history and memory, autobiography and historical inspiration balance. The search of significant indications of a character and psychological individual evolution is made through fantasmatical partial autobiographical projections on screen-protagonists who become progressively hypostatical to the explicit identification of the narrator and the author, confirmed by the autobiographical pact. The macrocosmic nazi-fascist antisemitic persecution outlook, centered on the microcosmic prism of the Jewish community of Ferrara, divulges the narrator-author's evolution towards a maturity in fact conflictual. The commemorative passion of the tragedy of the holocaust ends in the dawn of a shrouded Jewish identity that correspond to a stopped chronology at the level of the author's literary consciousness. Out of the prospect of the Shoah, this creative cycle concludes with an involution
Mejri, Imen. "Maturité de la dette, structure du capital et valeur de l'entreprise." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010051.
Guay, Éric. "La Phénoménologie de l'esprit de Hegel et l'esthétique de la maturité." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6660/1/000685872.pdf.
Maurice, Yao. "Maturité de la dette, qualité de l'information financière et gouvernance d'entreprise." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAD023.
This thesis consists of three essays aims to examine the determinants of corporate debt maturity. The first essay examines the link between ownership structure and debt maturity using a sample of French companies. Our results show that the monitoring by short-term debt can, to a certain extent, to be a substitute for traditional governance mechanisms such as ownership structure. The second essay examines the relation between financial reporting quality and debt maturity using a sample of European companies. We study specifically the effect of earnings management on debt maturity. We find that firms with high earnings management activities are associated with less long-term debt. In additional analysis, we observe that the negative link between earnings management and long-term debt holds only in code law countries. Finally, the third essay analyzes in the French context of joint audit, whether the presence of reputable auditors is associated with debt maturity. The study shows that appointing Big 4 auditors is positively associated with long term debt
Acquaviva, Marcel. "Les accidents du travail à l'occasion des vendanges : influence de la mécanisation de la récolte sur leur évolution depuis 1979 dans l'Hérault." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11153.
PRATELLI, REJANE. "Identification et caracterisation de canaux potassiques chez la vigne vers une amelioration de la balance acido-basique de la vendange." Montpellier, ENSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENSA0024.
Dupuis, Audrey. "Étude des propriétés psychométriques de l’échelle affective du Questionnaire de maturité vocationnelle." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9694.
Van, de Kerkhove Jean-Marc. "Évolution de la maturité de trois déchets urbains en cours de compostage." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1990_VAN_DE_KERKHOVE_J_M.pdf.
Cadot, Yves. "Influence de la date de vendange sur les composés phénoliques de la baie de raisin : conséquences pour la typicité du vin." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NSAM0020/document.
The aim of this work is to contribute to highlight the terroir effect, in the case of wines from delimited origin. The typicality is the result of the terroir effect and corresponds, to remarkable and shared properties for a human group of reference. The causal link between typicality and terroir was studied by taking into account the harvest date and the associated wine makings. The phenolic composition of the grape at harvest, and their extractability during the wine making made it possible to better interpret the studied causal link. The conceptual representation of the typicality, which generates technical choices, was highlighted, from the point of view of the sensory criteria of similarity and of distinction. This conceptual representation is in general consensual, and the main factors of the terroir, which explain the causal link, correspond to the soil and climate. The perceptual representation was studied, descriptors of similarity and distinction were highlighted, and theses descriptors were organized with respect to the global perception of the typicality. This representation is less consensual than conceptual one. The main factors of the terroir, which explain the causal link, correspond to the technical acts, particularly the harvest date and the vatting duration.Composition of the harvest, according to the level of maturity was highlighted from a histological point of view, but its interpretation was unfinished. The aptitude of the proanthocyanidins for being extracted, according to the level of maturity is strongly correlated for the global perception of the typicality. For wines related to terroir, some typicality representations are shared, and lead to technical choices (harvest date, duration of vatting). These choices are explained by the harvest composition. However, there is a difference between the typicality as a concept and the typicality as sensory perception
Zouaghi, Iskander. "Maturité supply chain des entreprises : conception d'un modèle d'évaluation et mise en oeuvre." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01015950.
Sibaï-Séré, Carole. "L'accouchement déclenché avant maturité du col : utilisation du ballon et de l'analgésie péridurale." Bordeaux 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR25006.
Belveze, Pauline. "Ethique, esthétique et métaphysique dans l'œuvre de maturité de l'écrivain autrichien Hugo von Hofmannsthal." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAC031/document.
This thesis aims at highlighting the ethical, metaphysical and aesthetic questions that arise in the mature works of the Austrian author Hugo von Hofmannsthal. After having dealt with Hofmannsthal's original dilemma between opposing conceptions of the world and of his own existence, this work considers the two versions of The Woman without a Shadow. This opus is the first expression at maturity of his aesthetic whose underlying metaphysical foundation it enlightens.The experience of First World War, subject of our third chapter, compelled Hofmannsthal to widen the scope of his thoughts. His later plays illustrate which ethical conducts should rule individuals in a given society as well as between the peoples in Europe. The Salzburg Great World Theaterwhich is the focus of our fourth chapter, sets the pattern of his social ethics inspired by the principles of the social doctrine of the Church. As for The Tower, a tragedy which we will deeply analyse in our fifth chapter, it sketches his ethics for political action. The purpose of this play is indeed to advocate peace in Europe while helping nations to achieve higher standard of Humanity
Pierre, Arnauld. "Mouvement et réalité dans l'oeuvre de Calder : des années de formation à la maturité." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040011.
The period of Calder's work going from his formative years to his maturity was generally unknown,consequently,the value of his achievements has not been recognized and his art has been cut from his historical coots. .
Deguil, Romain. "Mapping entre un référentiel d’exigences et un modèle de maturité : application à l’industrie pharmaceutique." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7810/1/deguil.pdf.
Laemmer, Eric. "Lignes de partage des eaux et pyramide adaptative pour déterminer l'état de maturité des pommes." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13097.
Progress in sensors technology provides new applications in agriculture. We have noticed that the pictures of red fluorescence of apples show some non eye-visible spots. The quantity of these spots increases with the maturity of the fruit. These spots seem related to the maturity state. Considering this observation, we have developed a method allowing to detect and to quantify these spots automatically. The pictures of apples studied in this work, present a strong gradient of grey levels due to the spherical shape of the fruits. The spots that we have to detect and to quantify appear more or less intense following their position in the picture. This fact and the presence of noise in the picture make the detection of the spots difficult and need the development of adapted algorithms of segmentation in order to get a good detection of the spots. We present a technique that associates two approaches: the watershed, which provides a first segmentation. The second approach consists in associating to this first step of segmentation, a multi scale analysis using the notion of pyramid of adjacency graphs, allowing refining the result provided by the watershed, by doing an intelligent merging of the regions. We have pushed away this step by integrating in the process of merging, a semantic analysis of the obtained segmentations at each level of the pyramid. This analysis is done with the help of an algorithm that verify the arc consistency of a semantic graph describing the object that we look for
Henriette, Emily. "Évaluation de la maturité de la transformation digitale des organisations : le rôle du capital intellectuel." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLE019.
The acceleration and intensive adoption of technological innovations have changed people's behavior. Consumer’ daily activities have now fully integrated digital technologies. Thus, Markets have also been swept away by this wave of change.Organizations from all industries are changing their business models to move toward the development of digital offers. Meanwhile, the market has become more volatile because of new disruptive actors that provide digital services, are more flexible and can put any actor in danger.To face these new challenges, organizations are implementing digital transformation programs. They have the ambitions of changing the way of developing and providing goods & services, and transforming internal structure to make the organization more competitive, while enhancing people's working conditions.The objectives of this research are to demonstrate the role of intellectual capital (all intangible assets of an organization) in the organization’s digital transformation, and to identify in which extent it could contribute to the assessment of an organization’s digital transformation maturity.The research unfolds in two phases. The first phase, descriptive, allows to through an exploratory study, to describe the fundamental role of intellectual capital in the digital transformation of organizations.The second phase, prescriptive, describe the proposition of a digital transformation maturity mode, enriched by the results of the previous study and applied in a company.This research has multiple contributions. First, it strengthens to the existing literature on digital transformation, which is currently limited and not studied via the transformation of intellectual capital. Then, this research uses several research methods such as systematic literature review, a qualitative study and the design of a maturity model. Finally, it provides solutions to practitioners regarding issues shared by most of firms around the world
Nordey, Thibault. "Analyse expérimentale et modélisation de l’hétérogénéité de la qualité et de la maturité des mangues." Thesis, Avignon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AVIG0332/document.
One of the major difficulties involved in marketing fresh mango is to manage its quality. Mango quality includes several attributes such as size, total soluble solids content, acidity and color, all of which vary with growing conditions and during ripening. The aim of this thesis is to determine the impact of growing conditions on fruit quality and ripening through experimental and modeling approaches.Experimental studies have revealed that size, dry mass and maturity vary considerably between mangoes according to their position in the tree and fruit load. Measurements suggest that fruit growth is affected by the embolization of sap-conducting vessels. In addition to differences measured between mangoes, our results showed that quality attributes vary within fruits in relation to the maturity gradient.A physical model showed that climatic variations within the tree caused substantial temperature gradients within mangoes that change with the fruit position in the tree. These simulations revealed that quality differences within mangoes are not related to the temperature gradient, except for fruit color. Use of a model that simulates the biosynthetic pathway of ethylene indicated that maturity differences between mangoes are explained by differences in carbon supply and, to a much lesser extent, to differences in temperature. The integration of experimental results into a growth model revealed that the embolization of sap-conducting vessels caused the slowdown of fruit enlargement. Lastly, when all of these models were coupled to a model that simulates fruit growth in dry mass, it was demonstrated that variations in size, dry matter content and maturity between mangoes were caused by differences in fruit load, flowering time, fruit dry mass at the end of cell division and transpiration, rather than by differences in temperature.The multidisciplinary approach developed made it possible to better understand the processes involved in fruit quality and ripening and to open new areas of research
Auger, Denis. "Relations entre maturité, morphologie et motricité fondamentale chez les jeunes de six à neuf ans." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10943.
Desmarais, Catherine. "Maturation(s) le projet artistique comme métonymie du devenir adulte chez les personnages issus de la génération X dans cinq romans québécois." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2591.
Thevenon, Marie. "Les "avatars du moi" chez Paul Auster : autofiction et métafiction dans les romans de la maturité." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843663.
Tchana, Esther Petnga. "Application de l'analyse multidimensionnelle à la classification qualitative du café robusta en fonction de la maturité." Montpellier 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON20196.
Reiner, Guido. "Ernst Wiechert, 1887-1950 : l'homme et la genèse de son oeuvre : vers la maturité, 1887-1938." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040152.
Published works: Guido Reiner, Ernst - Wiechert - bibliographie, 4 vol. : - chronological list of primary literature, translations, monographs, dissertations. - Paris 1972, 79 p. , 441 items. - Ernst Wiechert im dritten reich. - Paris 1974, 210 p. - chronological review of press 1922 - 1975. - Paris 1976, 256 p. , 671 items. - Critical spotlight to articles presented in alphabetical order of authors. Charenton 1982, 291 p. , 873 items. The present work records Wiechert's development until imprisonment on may 6th, 1938. His autobiographical writings are submitted to critical study after inquiries about origins, family, lodgings, career in educational system, favored readings, friendships, travels, revenues. More than 1100 unpublished letters, statements of pupils, colleagues and his wife, records and documents of authorities give a new image of Wiechert. His religious and political outlook is seized in gradual development and in a new way. The most important works 1916 - 1938 are situated in their biographical context and their social, economic and political environment. Wiechert's life and works offer an interesting approach to German literature as Nazis were on their ascension to power
Fayon, David. "Mesure de la maturité numérique des acteurs du secteur bancaire, dans une perspective de transformation digitale." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLT013/document.
The bank is a front-line sector of digital transformation and ranks 4th in the most digitally-transformed sectors behind IT, media and professional services (Gandhi & al, 2016). In addition, the burst of data and the need for real-time processing is a challenge for the players to meet or anticipate the needs of customers. In this way, the digital transformation of banks is emblematic of the opportunities and risks of our digital society.Studies tend to demonstrate that digital performance reflects the company's economic performance (Accenture, 2016b). It is therefore all the more important to carry out its digital transformation in order to remain or become a performing bank, especially since the average mortality of multinationals is only 40 years (Schatt, 2014).The question is where are the banks going to be in the value chain: continuing vertical integration or horizontal integration to diversify, buy or make partnerships with technological players or fintech?The prerequisite may lie in the knowledge of their current digital maturity. The model developed in this thesis makes it possible to highlight the strengths of a banking player and its perfectible points likely to feed the transformation strategy for its leaders and the related priorities. The starting point is the methodology of measuring digital maturity of any kind of organization (Fayon, Tartar, 2014) that has been challenged as part of this thesis work. Its axes, which define digital maturity, have evolved and are there to number six: Organization, Technology and Innovation, People, Offer, Environment, Strategy.The reflection has been focused on the structuring trends of digital transformation, and a focus on the case of the banking sector. She has been nourished by academic work related to the paradigm shift brought by digital technologies and those related to organizational design among others. Two surveys (one on the bank of the future, the other on the expectations of the generations in terms of banking service) and a PoC realized as part of the contactless payment on smartphone at La Poste french company have fueled the reflection to enrich our initial model of measuring digital maturity.To build the model, we have chosen to rely primarily on existing work in both areas at the heart of digital transformation, on the one hand information systems where many methodological tools have been developed (CMMI, ITIL, CobiT, etc.) and secondly marketing. Each of the indicators of the initial model was challenged by relying on the literature in the field as well as on a body of data developed for this thesis work.The scope of this measure is of two kinds. The result can make it possible for the decision makers who seize it - typically the actors of the digital transformation (Executive Committee, CDO, CTO, CMO) – feed the digital transformation strategy of the considered actor (thanks to the calculation of the maturity of the 6 levers and globally of the bank to highlight its strengths and its weaknesses, it is then necessary to exploit them in the service of its strategy). But this measure can also have a performative scope. It allows, as for all devices measuring tools, to give an "objectivized" but also "objectifying" level reached by each of the indicators and therefore accompany a reflexive process of digital transformation.A number of limitations are inherent to this thesis work in its instrumental dimension in particular. The internal coherence of the model, although tested by different analytical approaches and tests, is not exempt, by construction, from an arbitrary part. The relevance of the model, even if it has been tested partly with some business cases, remains subject to the test of generalization. In addition, the evolving nature of digital technologies and associated societal changes may make some indicators less relevant. But the performative dimension of the model could then remain
Gonzalez, Ramirez Nydia. "Contribution à l'amélioration des processus à travers la mesure de la maturité de projet : application à l'automobile." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00491760.
Di, Giacomo Andrea. "Hors de l’avant garde : son, musique et composition chez Giacinto Scelsi dans la production de sa maturité." Paris 8, 2012. http://octaviana.fr/document/168728265#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Giacinto Scelsi’s composing production is marked by a break that occurs in 1952, following a serious psychological crisis. The compositions that follow this date are characterized by the search for a new conception of sound and of composition that redefines an aesthetic considerably contrasting to the “dictat” of the serial and post-serial orientations of this period. This thesis analyses the specific context inside which Scelsi begins his activity as a composer, his influences, not only musical but also philosophical and religious, that define the fundamental traits of his approach to composition. Indeed, since Quattro pezzi su una sola nota in 1959, Scelsi subsequently develops a sound concentration based on the idea of a singular sound, characterized by a “profondeur” (depth) and by a much dilated time dimension. Though musicological literature and musical critique, especially within the mass press, have considered these anomalies in the scelsian praxis as fully independent from the historical context and by consequence have drawn the Scelsi persona as an “isolated monad”, it is henceforth necessary to address the study of the composer’s production in relation to the postwar avant-garde. This “demystification” of Scelsi’s personality brings about a real comprehension of his links, his exchanges and his direct and indirect contacts with the avant-garde, by underlining a double perspective that puts him outside the historical organization of the latter and inside an aesthetical revival, the consequences of which are still in full development
Miyara, Faïçal. "Critères de maturité des ovocytes humains au stade vésicule germinative : étude de leur compétence nucléaire et cytoplasmique." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066558.
Julia, Pierre. "Ischémie : reperfusion d'organe : étude des particularités liées à la maturité et à la fonction de l'organe reperfusé." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05CD03.
Carrez, Maryline. "Expertise des propriétés rhéologiques de biomatériaux par méthodes optiques : application au suivi de la maturité du fromage." Besançon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BESA2015.
Warnot, François. "Recherche de marqueurs glucidiques et protéiques liés au stade de maturité de la racine de chicorée industrielle." Lille 1, 1997. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1997/50376-1997-519.pdf.
Guidini, Gonçalves Taisa. "Intégration des questions d'ingénierie de l'interaction homme-machine dans les modèles d'aptitude et maturité de processus logiciel." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017VALE0040/document.
Software process capability maturity (SPCM) models are currently widely used in industry. To perform the practices defined in these models, software engineering approaches are applied. We also have experienced a large definition of methods, techniques, patterns, and standards for the analysis, design, implementation, and evaluation of interactive systems focusing on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) issues. Nevertheless, it is well known that HCI approaches are not largely used in industry. In order to take advantage of the widespread use of SPCM models, this thesis proposes to integrate HCI issues (concepts of design, implementation, and evaluation of interactive systems) in the most known international SPCM model (CMMI-DEV – Capability Maturity Model Integration for Development) and in the Brazilian SPCM model (MR-MPS-SW – MPS for Software reference model). To that end, we have worked on (i) the identification of appropriate HCI approaches for each practice of the engineering advocated by these models, (ii) the evaluation and improvement of the identified HCI approaches with HCI experts, (iii) the validation of the proposition in an academic environment, and (iv) the conduction of two empirical studies about the perception of knowledge and use of HCI approaches in the industry. As a result, we got 14 categories of HCI approaches with examples of methods, techniques, patterns, and standards adequate to perform each practice of engineering activities of the both models when developing interactive systems. Moreover, the empirical study, in Brazilian industry, confirmed statistically that consultants of those SPCM models do not know and do not use HCI approaches as well as they know and use software engineering approaches
Joblot, Laurent. "Contribution à la mise en œuvre du BIM en rénovation : Proposition d'un Modèle de Maturité BIM spécifique." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENAM0039/document.
This research aims to answer two imperatives: 1) promote an economically promising sector, Renovation, that has not been subject to much scientific study; and 2) offer companies in this sector useful tools to help them succeed in their digital transition, a major challenge of the 21st century. When it comes to disseminating an Information System such as BIM, it is essential to use levers that enhance its implementation: the Critical Success Factor, fundamentals of Project Management, drafting BIM Execution Plans, an Integrated Project Delivery approach and Maturity Models. To ensure the right fit between these different levers and the specific needs of the Renovation segment, we conducted a survey with a representative panel of small enterprises, predominant in this sector. This survey confirmed that the sector is still in the early days of digital transition due to the small size of companies and economic situations that often reduce visibility and the ability to make long-term investment decisions. Small renovation firms are not always aware of the need for change (they are generally satisfied with 2D drawings and artisanal processes) and are therefore reluctant to invest in digital solutions such as BIM. In spite of this, most stakeholders are aware that in order to benefit from the transition or risk being left behind, they must find support in tools specific to their uses and practices. To measure their maturity and then realistically define their own development objectives, we therefore developed a "BIM Maturity Model for Renovation" or BiM²FR. The format and ease of implementation should enable small enterprises to identify their situation, emphasize their strengths and weaknesses, and then outline individual action plans suited to their activities. The Critical Success Factors analyzed and presented within BiM²FR should guarantee successful progress as companies implement BIM. In order to broaden the scope of this work, we created a free web interface for companies to make their own BIM maturity diagnosis. The site www.BiM2FR.eu, in addition to helping these companies, offers us, through the data collected and exchanged, a large number of research opportunities
Candelon, Nicolas. "Conception et développement d'une nouvelle méthode d'analyse de précuseurs cysteinyles d'arômes du vin et d'indicateurs de maturité." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14145/document.
Analytical methods for the detection and quantification of wines aroma typically utilise HPLC-MS or GC-MS. The methods require some isolation and concentration step preceding the analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are becoming either alternative complementary analytical tools to conventional methods because of their rapidity, sensitivity, selectivity, and low cost. In this Thesis, the applicability of ELISAs for detection and quantification of precursors of volatile thiols and alkylmethoxypyrazines, which have been isolated from wines, made from Cabernet Sauvignon or Sauvignon Blanc, are described
Allamy, Lucile. "Recherches sur les marqueurs moléculaires de l’arôme de « fruits cuits » des raisins et des vins rouges issus des cépages Merlot et Cabernet-Sauvignon : Approches sensorielle, analytique et agronomique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0362/document.
In the 2000s, aromas of dried fruits, referring to prune, fig or cooked peach are found more and more often in Bordeaux red wines. The markers responsible for these aromas related to the grape maturity are unknown. Firstly, we show that these shades, which were rarely encountered in wines from an appellation named A in this study, are now part of the distinctive aromas of these wines. However, the tasters that assimilate these characteristics to the distinctive aromas and the type of the appellation tend to get mistaken between the cooked fruit aromas from young wines and the ones from the oxidized character of prematurely aged wines. The GC-O, GC-MS and GC-GC-MS analysis of musts and wines, that had shades of cooked fruits aromas, allowed to confirm the realness of a scented area reminding of the scent of the samples. The analysis by GC-MS of number of must and wine samples show that the furaneol (caramel), the γ-nonalactone (coconut, cooked peach), the (Z)-1,5-octadien-3-one (geranium) take part in this aroma. We also reveal the presence of a lactone type compound having a cooked fruit aroma, but not identified so far. The influence of the (Z)-1,5-octadien-3-one has been identified for the first time in musts. The influence of the harvest date of Merlot and Cabernet-Sauvignon grapes on the aromas and fine composition of musts and wines is also specified. Winemaking processing of grapes that have been late harvested, even with a withered appearance produces wines with shades of cooked fruits aromas and high content of furaneol and γ-nonalactone
Moulin, Julie-Alexandra. "Développement d'outils permettant l'évaluation quantitative de la maturité pulmonaire foetale à un temps gestationnel précis chez la souris." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24783/24783.pdf.
Benhayoun-Sadafiyine, Lamiae. "La capacité d'absorption des PMEs intégrées dans des réseaux d'innovation collaboratifs : évaluation à travers une grille de maturité." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAG002/document.
In order to face the increased market competition, SMEs are joining collaborative innovation networks (CINs). In fact, these sturcutres enable them access to complementary knowledge that is necessary to conduct their innovation projects. The contribution of an SME to such a network requires an absorption of the knowledge brought by the other participants and eventually of knowledge external to the constituted network.The aim of this thesis is to develop a maturity tool to assess the absorptive capacity of SMEs operating in such contexts. This evaluation will help them contribute effectively to the project and foster the innovation success of this latter. It will also guide them towards the best practices to capitalize on their experiences within these networks and hence improve the performance of their own organizationsA mixed method has been adopted for the development of this tool. A first qualitative phase enabled the identification of absorption practices for an SME embedded in a CIN. This phase is mainly composed of an in-depth literature review, 20 semi-directive interviews with 13 SMEs in the Rhône-Alpes region of France and the Yorkshire region in the UK and two working sessions with expert researchers and practitioners. A second quantitative phase aimed at evaluating the relevance of these practices for each possible situation of an SME's participation in a CIN. To this end, a survey questionnaire was first tested with 2 practitioners and 2 researchers and then administered to a sample of SMEs who had operated in similar contexts. The collected data was analyzed according to a PLS-SEM approach and enabled formulating a prediction equation for each absorption practice, according to the context of the SME's participation within the network. The practices resulting from the qualitative phase combined with the formulas steming from the quantitative one were then operationalized through a maturity grid. The latter will be iteratively improved through successive applications with SMEs embedded in CINs.This thesis implies contributions at several levels. From a theoretical point of view, it confirms the prominence for innovation of the concept of absorptive capacity, through its characterization for the context of an SME embedded in a CIN. From a practical point of view, the implementation of this characterization through a tool for the use of SMEs helps them foster the success of their experiences within such networks. Finally, from a methodological point of view, the adoption of a quantitative approach to contextualize a maturity grid is a novel methodology in the development stream of such performance improvement tools
Barbier, Guillaume. "Contrôle de la production de la parole chez l’enfant de 4 ans : l'anticipation comme indice de maturité motrice." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAS013/document.
This thesis work investigates speech production in 4-year-old children, in comparison with adults, from a speech motor control perspective. It focuses on two indices: measures of token-to-token variability in the production of isolated vowels and on anticipatory intra and extra-syllabic coarticulation within V1-C-V2 sequences. Acoustic and articulatory data were recorded thanks to ultrasound tongue imaging within the HOCUS system. Acoustic data from 20 children and 10 adults have been analyzed. Ultrasound data have been analyzed from a subset of these participants: 6 children and 2 adults. In agreement with former studies, token-to-token variability was greater in children than in adults. Strong anticipation of V2 in V1 realization was found in all adults. In children, anticipation was not systematic, and when observed, it was of smaller amplitude than in adults. In more details, only 5 children among the 20 studied showed a small amount of anticipation, mainly along the antero-posterior dimension, manifested in the acoustic F2 dimension. Anticipatory intra-syllabic coarticulation also seems to be of smaller amplitude in children than in adults. Last, children's speech gestures are slower than those of adults. These results are interpreted as evidence for the immaturity of children's speech motor control from two perspectives: insufficiently stable motor control patterns for vowel production, and a lack of effectiveness in anticipating forthcoming gestures. In line with theories of optimal motor control, we assume that anticipatory coarticulation is based on the use of internal models, i.e. sensori-motor representations of the speech production apparatus in the central nervous system, and that the amplitude of anticipatory coarticulation reflects the increasing maturation of these sensori-motor representations as speech develops
Ouandaogo, Zamalou Gisele. "Identification de gènes dans les cellules du cumulus selon la maturité nucléaire ovocytaire : influence des conditions de maturation." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON1T015/document.
Cumulus cells (CCs) associated with the oocyte form the cumulus-oocyte complex (COC). During folliculogenesis, interdependent dialogue governed by gap junctions is created between the oocyte and adjacent CCs. The oocyte, by secreting certain factors allows the differentiation and proliferation of CCs which, at the same time, provide nutrients to the oocyte for its maturation and development. Nuclear maturation of oocytes is defined by its transition from germinal vesicle (GV) to metaphase I (MI) up to metaphase II (MII) phase. Our team previously shown that certain genes expressed in the human CCs could predict embryo and the pregnancy outcomes. We analyzed the transcriptomic profile of CCs according to oocyte nuclear maturation stages (GV, MI and MII). The aim of this study was to identify the CCs molecular signature according to nuclear maturation oocyte under in vivo and in vitro conditions. In addition, we studied the impact of culture conditions of the COCs under in vivo and in vitro on the gene expression profile of CCs. We have demonstrated that there is a specific signature in the human CCs associated with the nuclear maturity of human oocytes whatever the culture condition. We have also observed the under-expression of genes involved in oocyte maturation and CCs expansion, and the over-expression of genes associated with cell cycle function in the CCS derived from in vitro versus in vivo oocytes. By comparing gene expression in the CCs according to oocyte nuclear maturation stages, we have identified two dominant signaling pathways: the lipids pathway (cholesterol transport and triglyceride) strongly activated in in vivo conditions, and the process of replication, recombination and DNA repair, which appear to be specific to in vitro CCs. Our results suggest that the maturation conditions of COCs have an impact on the molecular signature of CCs.Moreover, our data showed that matures oocytes can be surrounded by competent (sur-expression of the identified molecular signature of CCs derived from oocyte at MII stage) or incompetent CCs (sur-expression of the identified molecular signature of CCs derived from oocyte at GV or/and MI stages). These results open new perspectives in clinical application.Further studies are needed to identify factors influencing gene expression during oocyte maturation in vivo. These data should help to better understand how/why signaling pathways are altered by culture conditions in vitro
Guillou-Largeteau, Isabelle. "Etude de substances de faible poids moléculaire combinant le dioxyde de soufre dans les vins blancs issus de vendange botrytisée : mise en évidence et importance du rôle de l'hydroxypropanedial." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR20425.
Bouthillier, Sébastien. "Relations entre la maturité, la morphologie, la puissance anaérobie et la performance de jeunes nageurs et de jeunes nageuses." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0034/MQ26552.pdf.
Janssen, Philippe. "Influences relatives de l'ancienneté et de la maturité sur la biodiversité : implications pour la conservation en forêts de montagne." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAS024/document.
Since the 1980s, numerous studies had shown the importance of stand maturity, especially old-growth habitat features (very large trees, deadwood…) for forest biodiversity conservation. This work led to a better recognition of the ecological function of forests. However, most of these studies do not take account of forest continuity, i.e. the temporal continuity in forested condition. Forest continuity has been used to explain some species distribution. Therefore, ancient forests, even rejuvenated by disturbances, may be of greater conservation interest for biodiversity than recent forests composed of overmature stands. This a priori contrasting relationship between biodiversity and stand maturity on the one hand and biodiversity and forest continuity on the other hand, raises many questions about the most appropriate policy choices to conserve and manage adequately forest biodiversity. More generally, these concepts allow the questioning of the relative influence of past and present human-induced environmental changes on forest biodiversity. To clarify the relative effects of forest continuity and stand maturity on biodiversity, we developed an approach in which we combined historical ecology and environmental sciences. We established 70 sites in the French Prealps (Vercors, Chartreuse and Bauges) in which we crossed ancient or recent forests with mature or overmature stands. For each site we characterized forest continuity and stand maturity and assessed the response of four taxonomic groups: vascular plants, saproxylic beetles, springtails and epiphytic macrolichens. Results showed an obvious lack of legacy effect on both soil conditions and biodiversity. Species were above all influenced by stand maturity, especially deadwood diversity for saproxylic beetles and canopy openness for vascular plants. Soil conditions, through pH and humus forms, had also a great structuring role on vascular plants and springtails, and climatic conditions, through temperature, on saproxylic beetles. Comparatively to previous studies, this quite limited effect of forest continuity can be linked with the ecological, landscape and historical context of mountain forests: high percentage of forest cover, high proportion of ancient forests, low-fragmented wooded areas, past land use being low impacting and current extensive forest management. Overall, our results show that the effect of forest continuity on biodiversity is context dependent and underline the necessity to better account for local environmental conditions, stand maturity attributes but also climatic and edaphic conditions, to improve our understanding of biodiversity patterns in mountain forests
Nzigou-Moundounga, Jean-François. "La maturité vocationnelle : un concept clé pour le développement et l’application des nouvelles méthodes d’aide à l’orientation au Gabon." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CNAM0752.
This thesis addresses issues related to training and orientation of a person during their life through the notion of maturity and psychological research involving this term scientific effort. Everyone’s life, is indeed, “a story marked” by several transition that mark the individual evolution, the theory has fallen heavily on two key and essential in training, decision making and directory of individuals: maturity and transition; maturity as prior preparation for decision making regarding training and employment and transition as an event and development process that transforms the lives, roles, relationship, habits, representation of person. The interweaving of these two concepts at each stage of development enables people to embrace the world of meaning accord according to different aid practices and strategies to facilitate the ownership and creation of a directory of resources forecasts of possible orientation shot, medium and long term. Notion of maturity allowed me to conduct a survey using a questionnaire shat describes three types of information (knowledge of the business word, knowledge of occupations) using three processes (exploration, decision making and planning). The purpose of this study is to find niches, strategies to enable you Gabonese to find solutions helping to open up and look at information through the of vocational maturity. In addition to this, into this doctoral thesis I have marked two notions: that of the maturity and the transition that combines to allow the construction and development of self identity of adolescents and adults throughout their existence. At the end of the current study of centrality ot these two concepts seem obvious
El, amine Mehdi. "Intégration de la maturité des connaissances dans la prise de décision en conception mécanique : application à un système solaire." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENAM0046/document.
The successful development of industrial products has a considerable economic challenge for the company. Decisions on concepts and product architecture have a significant impact on the overall cost of the product life cycle. Manufacturers are then increasingly encouraged to adopt methods to streamline design decisions. These methods must be consistent with the level of knowledge acquired on alternative design, the nature of decision making and assessment tools available. Thus, both methods of decision support have been developed in this thesis based on the study design phase.A first method is proposed for the upstream design stage in which the goal of the company is to reduce the number of concepts initially proposed to focus its efforts and resources on the most promising concepts. During this phase, the products are defined very loosely. Designers must then make a lot of assumptions when proposing role models to assess the concepts. These models, which express a knowledge of explicit nature, are insufficient to make choices concepts. To overcome this difficulty, we are moving in our study to the implicit knowledge (or subjective), obtained through the experience and expertise acquired by the designers. To integrate this knowledge in decision-making, it is first formalized through tools such as preferably functions. The overall approach to decision support proposed for combining both the implicit knowledge and explicit knowledge (represented by the role models) to assess each concept in terms of ability to meet the minimum requirements for validation and level fitness with the design goals. The objectives and preferences of decision makers are, in turn, structured and formalized through the OIA model (Observation-Interpretation-Aggregation) previously developed in the laboratory I2M-BMI.A second method was proposed for the downstream design phase that aims to set the parameters of the final product (choice of materials, dimensions, etc.) after the concept was chosen. During this phase, the product is defined in a more precise manner and behavior patterns are more representative of the relevant physical phenomena of the concept studied. These models are however based on assumptions which sometimes lead to a questioning their accuracy, especially for some design parameters. Fix the product parameters based solely on these patterns of behavior requires taking into account their accuracy level. We have therefore developed an accuracy indicator of these models that integrates on the one hand, an objective assessment which is the measure of difference between the model and a reference behavior (assumed correct) and, secondly, on a subjective assessment that is based on the distance measurement with the reference solution (prototyped solution) and trusts functions established by the designers. The combination of objective and subjective assessment of the accuracy provides at the end a general indicator of accuracy able to cover the entire design space. The indicator thus obtained is used in a method of decision support that qualifies each candidate solution in terms of risk posed by the accuracy of the models and level of satisfaction of design objectives (based the model OIA)
Morin-Lacroix, Geneviève. "L'affectivié [i.e. affectivité] dans l'éducation." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18582.