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Статті в журналах з теми "Medical white oil":
1
Deshaies, Yves. "Plasma lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides and lipoprotein lipase activity in epididymal white adipose tissue of rats fed high sucrose or high corn oil diets." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 64, no. 7 (July 1, 1986): 885–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y86-153.
Анотація:
The present study was undertaken to compare plasma lipoprotein lipid composition, as well as white adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity, in rats fed purified diets high in either sucrose or corn oil. The experimental diets (65% of calories as sucrose or corn oil, 15% as the opposite nutrient, and 20% as casein) were given ad libitum for 4 weeks. An additional group was fed a nonpurified diet as a reference diet. Both sucrose and oil diets were spontaneously consumed in isocaloric amounts by the animals. Despite energy intakes that were 35% lower than that of the reference group, the sucrose and oil groups exhibited final body weights that were only 6 and 9% lower, respectively, than that of the reference group, and accumulated more fat in the epididymal depots. Postprandial as well as fasting total cholesterol levels were similar in the sucrose and oil groups, while the high-density lipoprotein to total cholesterol ratio was highest in the animals fed corn oil. In both the fasted and fed states, plasma total triglyceride levels were 73% higher in the sucrose group than in the corn oil group. The largest triglyceride differences due to diet were observed in the chylomicron + very-low-density lipoprotein fraction. The oil-fed rats accumulated large amounts of triglycerides in their livers. Postprandial lipoprotein lipase activity in epididymal adipose tissue was almost twice as high in the sucrose group as in the oil group. In the fasting state, but not in the fed state, plasma insulin levels correlated negatively with plasma triglycerides and positively with liver triglyceride content, whereas no relationship was observed between insulin and lipoprotein lipase activity in either fasted or fed animals. From the present findings, it appears that the sucrose-induced hypertriglyceridemia was not partly caused by decreased activity of lipoprotein lipase in white adipose tissue. Finally, this study suggests that the level of circulating insulin following intake of sucrose or corn oil may not determine per se the extent of stimulation of white adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase by these nutrients.
2
Ellis, G. S., S. Lanza-Jacoby, A. Gow, and Z. V. Kendrick. "Effects of estradiol on lipoprotein lipase activity and lipid availability in exercised male rats." Journal of Applied Physiology 77, no. 1 (July 1, 1994): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1994.77.1.209.
Анотація:
The effects of 17 beta-estradiol 3-benzoate (10 micrograms.0.1 ml sunflower oil-1 x 100 g body wt-1) and exercise on tissue lipid content and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity were determined in male rats. Estradiol administration significantly (P < 0.05) increased fatty acid contents of resting adipose, plasma, and white and red vastus muscle tissues and red vastus muscle triacylglycerol. Adipose and plasma fatty acids and red and white vastus muscle triacylglycerol were significantly higher in exercised estradiol-administered animals than in exercised oil-administered animals. Estradiol administration significantly reduced resting adipocyte LPL activity by 71% and increased myocardial LPL activity by 96%. After exercise, red vastus LPL activity was significantly increased by 76% in estradiol-administered animals compared with oil-administered animals. Ratios of red vastus to adipose LPL activity and myocardial to adipose LPL activity at rest and after exercise were significantly greater in estradiol-administered than in oil-administered animals. Estradiol administration significantly increased the ratio of white vastus to adipose LPL activity of exercised animals. These data indicate that estradiol increases the availability of lipid substrate to exercising muscle from multiple sources, including adipose, plasma, and intracellular muscle triacylglycerol. The absolute increases in muscle LPL activity, combined with a greater ratio of muscle to adipose LPL activity, lead to increased distribution of plasma triacylglycerol-derived fatty acids toward muscle.
3
Kendrick, Z. V., and G. S. Ellis. "Effect of estradiol on tissue glycogen metabolism and lipid availability in exercised male rats." Journal of Applied Physiology 71, no. 5 (November 1, 1991): 1694–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.71.5.1694.
Анотація:
The effect of 17 beta-estradiol 3-benzoate (10 micrograms.0.1 ml sunflower oil-1.100 g body wt-1) on exercise performance, tissue glycogen utilization, and lipid availability was determined in male rats. In experiment 1, estradiol or oil was administered 1 h or 1–6 days before a treadmill run to exhaustion. No differences in body weight between oil- and estradiol-administered animals were observed during the 6-day treatment. Animals receiving estradiol for 3–6 days ran significantly longer and completed more work than oil-administered animals. Significant degradation of red and white vastus muscle, myocardial, and liver glycogen was observed in all animals run to exhaustion. In experiment 2, animals were administered estradiol for 5 days and then run for 2 h. The submaximal run for 2 h significantly reduced tissue glycogen content in red and white vastus muscle, heart, and liver of oil-administered animals. The latter effect was attenuated in both vastus muscles, liver, and myocardial tissues in the estradiol-administered animals. Estradiol administration significantly increased plasma fatty acids and lowered plasma lactate during the submaximal run. These data indicate that when body weight remained constant between groups of male rats, estradiol administration for 3–6 days increased exercise performance. Furthermore, estradiol administration for 5 days resulted in greater lipid availability and less tissue glycogen utilization during submaximal running for 2 h.
4
Malinowski, Jennifer M., and Kimberly Metka. "Elevation of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration with Over-the-Counter Fish Oil Supplementation." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 41, no. 7-8 (July 2007): 1296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1h695.
Анотація:
Objective: To report a case of elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration in a patient taking fish oil supplements for hypertriglyceridemia. Case Summary: A 63-year-old white woman had been taking 2.7 g of eico-sapentaenotc acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) daily in 9 g of over-the-counter (OTC) fish oil capsules for triglyceride lowering. Prior to the adverse event, she had baseline fasting triglyceride (TG) and LDL-C concentrations of 278 mg/dL and 106 mg/dL, respectively. After 6 weeks of treatment with fish oil, fasting TG levels decreased by 47.5% (-132 mg/dL) and the LDL-C increased by 75% (+80 mg/dL). Discontinuation of therapy for 6 weeks resulted in TG returning to high concentrations (334 mg/dL; +56 mg/dL change from baseline) and LDL-C decreasing toward baseline (143 mg/dL; +37 mg/dL change from baseline). Discussion: Fish oil, an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, consists of EPA and DHA. EPA and DHA are thought to inhibit the synthesis of triglycerides in the liver. Type IV dyslipidemic patients may develop increased LDL-C levels while taking fish oil to lower triglycerides due to possible down-regulation of the LDL-C receptor in hepatic cells and formation of larger LDL particles. Use of the Naranjo probability scale indicates a probable relationship between elevations in LDL-C from baseline and initiation of fish oil treatment for hypertriglyceridemia. It is unknown whether any component within this particular product could have contributed to such an unusual elevation in LDL-C. Conclusions: This case documents a much higher LDL-C elevation associated with OTC fish oil supplementation than has been previously identified in the literature. Healthcare providers should be advised that LDL-C levels may increase with use of OTC fish oil and should monitor patients periodically for such elevations. The significance of this Increase on clinical outcomes is not known.
5
Rooney, T. P., Z. V. Kendrick, J. Carlson, G. S. Ellis, B. Matakevich, S. M. Lorusso, and J. A. McCall. "Effect of estradiol on the temporal pattern of exercise-induced tissue glycogen depletion in male rats." Journal of Applied Physiology 75, no. 4 (October 1, 1993): 1502–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.75.4.1502.
Анотація:
The effect of 17 beta-estradiol 3-benzoate (10 micrograms.01 ml of sunflower oil-1 x 100 g body wt-1) on the temporal pattern of exercise-induced tissue glycogen depletion and tissue lipid availability during submaximal treadmill running was determined in male rats. Animal were administered estradiol or oil for 5 days and were then time matched for motorized treadmill running for 30, 60, 90, or 120 min. Significant depletion of liver, soleus muscle, and red and white vastus lateralis muscle tissue glycogen occurred in oil-administered animals run between 30 and 120 min. The greatest extent of tissue glycogen depletion occurred during the first 30 min of exercise with the rate of glycogen depletion slowing between 30 and 120 min of exercise. Administration of estradiol attenuated the temporal pattern of glycogen depletion in both liver and muscle tissues. Significant depletion of red and white vastus glycogen of estradiol-administered animals did not occur until 90 and 120 min of exercise, respectively. Administration of estradiol significantly increased resting plasma free fatty acids and red and white vastus triacylglycerol content. These data indicate that estradiol administration for 5 days resulted in significant glycogen sparing of liver and muscle tissues during submaximal treadmill running for up to 120 min by altering the temporal pattern of glycogen depletion of male rats secondary to an estradiol-mediated increase in availability of lipid substrate during exercise.
6
Volovik, Valentina. "WHITE MUSTARD — MEANING, APPLICATION." Adaptive Fodder Production 2020, no. 2 (August 14, 2020): 41–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/afp-2222-5366-2020-2-41-67.
Анотація:
A review of the literature on the significance, biological features, and use of white mustard is presented.
White mustard is one of the most precocious crops of the cabbage family. It is used as a forage and sideral crop. It has a large yield of green mass, is unpretentious in cultivation, it can be used from early spring to late autumn. When sown as an intermediate crop, white mustard plants in the early flowering phase contain 21–25% protein, 24–27% fiber in the dry matter; the nutritional value of 1 kg of dry matter is 0.7–0.8 feed units. Great preceding crop, phytomeliorant and phytoremediate soil, improves the physical properties of soils. It is used in multicomponent mixtures for green fodder and as a supporting crop in mixed agrocenoses with legumes, and is increasingly used as a cover crop for perennial grasses. The oil is used in the food industry and for biofuel production. Seeds, cake and meal are used in the medical, cosmetic, food, chemical industries, have herbicidal and insecticidal properties when used in biological agriculture. White mustard is characterized by such positive economic signs, as the resistance to cracking of pods, the early blight, heat stress, insect pests and nematodes; used in distant hybridization with rapeseed spring with the aim of improving rapeseed on a number of sings. For 2020, 19 varieties of white mustard are allowed to be used, 4 of them are foreign, and 5 varieties are declared as non-erucic. The variety of white mustard Lugovskaya, created in the Federal Research Center "VIK named after V.R. Williams", is used for forage and sideration purposes both in the main and in intermediate crops. The vegetation period in the Center Non-Chernozem zone is from 78 to 92 days. Seed yield from 1.94 to 2.35 t/ha, yield of green mass when sown in spring from 19.9 to 23.4 t/ha, dry matter – from 2.5 to 3.9 t/ha.
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Weber, Sandra, Karola Schrag, Gerd Mildau, Thomas Kuballa, Stephan G. Walch, and Dirk W. Lachenmeier. "Analytical Methods for the Determination of Mineral Oil Saturated Hydrocarbons (MOSH) and Mineral Oil Aromatic Hydrocarbons (MOAH)—A Short Review." Analytical Chemistry Insights 13 (January 1, 2018): 117739011877775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1177390118777757.
Анотація:
Mineral oils (such as paraffinum liquidum or white oil), which consist of mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH) and mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAH), are widely applied in various consumer products such as medicines and cosmetics. Contamination of food with mineral oil may occur by migration of mineral oil containing products from packaging materials, or during the food production process, as well as by environmental contamination during agricultural production. Considerable analytical interest was initiated by the potential adverse health effects, especially carcinogenic effects of some aromatic hydrocarbons. This article reviews the history of mineral oil analysis, starting with gravimetric and photometric methods, followed by on-line-coupled liquid chromatography with gas chromatography and flame ionization detection (LC-GC-FID), which still is considered as gold standard for MOSH-MOAH analysis. Comprehensive tables of applications in the fields of cosmetics, foods, food contact materials, and living organisms are provided. Further methods including GCxGC-MS methods are reviewed, which may be suitable for confirmation of LC-GC-FID results and identification of compound classes. As alternative to chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has recently been suggested for MOSH-MOAH analysis, especially with the possibility of detecting only the toxicologically relevant aromatic rings. Furthermore, NMR may offer potential as rapid screening especially with low-field instruments usable for raw material control.
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AlMotwaa, Sahar M., Mayson H. Alkhatib, and Huda M. Alkreathy. "Hepatotoxic and hematotoxic effects of sage oil-loaded ifosfamide nanoemulsion in Ehrlich ascites carcinomabearing mice." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 18, no. 6 (May 27, 2021): 1205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v18i6.9.
Анотація:
Purpose: To investigate the hepatotoxic and hematotoxic effects of sage oil-loaded ifosfamide (IFO) nanoemulsion (NE) in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC)-bearing mice.
Methods: Ifosfamide (IFO) was loaded into a NE containing sage oil, and its hepatotoxic and hematotoxic effects were assessed in EAC-bearing mice. Female Swiss albino mice (n = 50) weighing 25 - 30 g (mean weight = 27.5 ± 2.50 g) were randomly assigned to five groups of ten mice each. With the exception of group 1, the mice were inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 2.5 × 106 EAC/mouse for 48 h. Group I served as negative control, C (-); group II served as positive control, C (+); while groups III - V were treated i.p. with 60 mg/kg IFO in 0.3mL water (free-IFO); 0.3 mL NE (SAGE-NANO), and 60 mg/kg IFO in 0.3 mL SAGE-NANO (SAGE-IFO), respectively. The treatments were administered for three days.
Results: Treatment with 60 mg/kg bwt IFO (free-IFO) significantly elevated the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT, p < 0.05). However, subsequent treatment with SAGE-IFO significantly reduced the activity of these liver enzymes (p < 0.05). The concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as the activities of catalase and glutathione reductase (GR) significantly increased, while malondialdehyde (MDA) level decreased significantly in SAGE-IFO group, when compared with free-IFO group (p < 0.05). Treatment with SAGE-IFO significantly restored white blood cell (WBC) count and platelet levels which were altered by free-IFO (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The results obtained in this study suggest that loading IFO in sage oil-NE greatly reduces its hepatotoxicity and hematotoxicity.
9
Yagyeshwar Malhotra, Parul Uppal Malhotra, Neera Ohri, and Anindita Mallik. "An Absurd Concept of Self-Medication: A Case of Oral Chemical Burn." International Healthcare Research Journal 4, no. 6 (September 20, 2020): 151–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.26440/ihrj/0406.09222.
Анотація:
A chemical burn is seen in oral cavity after a noxious agent is placed in direct contact with the mucosa as a mode of self treatment or iatrogenically by dentist. Mild lesions due to less irritating agents result in mild alteration in texture, while more severe lesions (soreness to outright pain) are due to more irritating agents and because of agents of longer duration of contact. Commonly used chemicals used by patients for tooth pain are aspirin which is placed next to the offending tooth and OTC preparations. The essential oil based preparations are easily available in pharmacies or are prepared by local people. These medicaments can harm a patient if not used under medical or ayurvedic supervision as they have beneficial plant extracts, essential oils etc. A case of such self inflicted chemical burn of the oral mucosa is reported due to use of clove oil preparation available locally, used with varying amount and frequency. History of using over the counter medicaments for dental ailment should be asked when patients visit the dentist with complains of burning or white patch in mouth.
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Peachman, Kristina K., Qin Li, Gary R. Matyas, Sathish B. Shivachandra, Julie Lovchik, Rick C. Lyons, Carl R. Alving, Venigalla B. Rao, and Mangala Rao. "Anthrax Vaccine Antigen-Adjuvant Formulations Completely Protect New Zealand White Rabbits against Challenge with Bacillus anthracis Ames Strain Spores." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 19, no. 1 (November 16, 2011): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.05376-11.
Анотація:
ABSTRACTIn an effort to develop an improved anthrax vaccine that shows high potency, five different anthrax protective antigen (PA)-adjuvant vaccine formulations that were previously found to be efficacious in a nonhuman primate model were evaluated for their efficacy in a rabbit pulmonary challenge model usingBacillus anthracisAmes strain spores. The vaccine formulations include PA adsorbed to Alhydrogel, PA encapsulated in liposomes containing monophosphoryl lipid A, stable liposomal PA oil-in-water emulsion, PA displayed on bacteriophage T4 by the intramuscular route, and PA mixed withEscherichia coliheat-labile enterotoxin administered by the needle-free transcutaneous route. Three of the vaccine formulations administered by the intramuscular or the transcutaneous route as a three-dose regimen induced 100% protection in the rabbit model. One of the formulations, liposomal PA, also induced significantly higher lethal toxin neutralizing antibodies than PA-Alhydrogel. Even 5 months after the second immunization of a two-dose regimen, rabbits vaccinated with liposomal PA were 100% protected from lethal challenge with Ames strain spores. In summary, the needle-free skin delivery and liposomal formulation that were found to be effective in two different animal model systems appear to be promising candidates for next-generation anthrax vaccine development.
Дисертації з теми "Medical white oil":
1
Dubeck, Schömer Hanna. "Medical White Oil in Cosmetic Applications." Thesis, KTH, Kemi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-301785.
Анотація:
Fuktbevarare är de produkter som oftast skrivs och rekommenderas av dermatologer, och den vanligaste typen av fuktgivare är lotioner och krämer. Dessa produkter är emulsioner, vilka ofta innehåller medicinsk vit olja (MWO) på grund av deras skyddande egenskaper samt enastående hudkompabilitet. Traditionellt så har de MWO som används varit parafinska. Då naftenoljor ofta har visat sig ha bättre emulsions stabilitet, har detta examensarbete ämnat attjämföra emulsions stabiliteten för Nynas ABs nya MWO, N-MWO, med en parafinsk motsvarighet, P-MWO. Jämförelsen av de två oljorna genomfördes genom att variera följande faktorer: olje- och emulgator typ, koncentration av emulgator samt både med och utan parfym. De två emulgator system som användes bestod av Promulgen D (en kommersiell produkt från Lubrizol) samt kombinationen av Tween 80 och Span 20. Bättre emulsionsstabilitet och mindre droppstorlek och fördelning utficks då högre koncentration Promulgen D användes. En högre koncentration av Tween 80 och Span 20 gav dock inte samma gynnsamma effekt. Resultaten från samtliga tester påvisade att emulsions stabiliteten inte påverkades utav parfym. Det som istället gav störst påverkan var typ av emulgator. De prover som innehöll P-MWO samt Tween 80 och Span 20 fasseparerade. Detta berodde dock troligen mer på att P-MWO inte var kompatibel med dessa emulgatorer eftersom oljetypen inte påverkade emulsionsstabiliteten när Promulgen D användes som emulgator.Moisturizers are the most prescribed products in dermatology, and the most common type of moisturizer delivery systems are lotions and creams. These are emulsions and often contain medical white oil (MWO) due to their protective properties and excellent skin compatibility. The MWO used in cosmetics have traditionally been paraffinic. However, as naphthenic oils often have been proven to create better emulsion stability, this thesis aimed to compare Nynas AB's new MWO, N-MWO, with a paraffinic oil, P-MWO, with similar properties regarding their emulsion stability. The two oils were compared by analyzing their emulsion stability using a rheometer and a Mastersizer 3000 while varying the following factors: type of oil, type of emulsifier, emulsifier concentration, and with and without perfume. The two emulsifying systems used were the commercial product Promulgen D from Lubrizol and the combination of Tween 80 and Span 20. Better emulsion stability and smaller droplet size distribution were obtained when a higher content of Promulgen D was added. However, a higher concentration of Tween 80 and Span 20 did not have the same favorable effect. The results showed that the addition of perfume had no effect, while the type of emulsifier influenced the emulsion stability the most. The samples made from Supela 240 and Tween 80 and Span 20 phase separated. This was more likely due to P-MWOs incompatibility with these emulsifiers as oil type did not influence the emulsion stability when Promulgen D was used as an emulsifier.
Книги з теми "Medical white oil":
1
Iheka, Cajetan. African Ecomedia. Duke University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478022046.
Анотація:
In African Ecomedia, Cajetan Iheka examines the ecological footprint of media in Africa alongside the representation of environmental issues in visual culture. Iheka shows how, through visual media such as film, photography, and sculpture, African artists deliver a unique perspective on the socioecological costs of media production, from mineral and oil extraction to the politics of animal conservation. Among other works, he examines Pieter Hugo's photography of electronic waste recycling in Ghana and Idrissou Mora-Kpai's documentary on the deleterious consequences of uranium mining in Niger. These works highlight not only the exploitation of African workers and the vast scope of environmental degradation but also the resourcefulness and creativity of African media makers. They point to the unsustainability of current practices while acknowledging our planet's finite natural resources. In foregrounding Africa's centrality to the production and disposal of media technology, Iheka shows the important place visual media has in raising awareness of and documenting ecological disaster even as it remains complicit in it.
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Cooper, William T. Capturing the Essence. CSIRO Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643103382.
Анотація:
Capturing the Essence is a step-by-step personal guide – by one of Australia's greatest living bird artists – to observing, retaining the essential information and then painting birds from field notes and sketches, photographs and other field observations.
The author takes the reader through the processes involved in oil painting, watercolour and acrylic techniques, and a piece of art is built up in stages to demonstrate the skills required in each of these media. While the book covers some of the general basics relevant to various kinds of painting of natural history subjects, the concentration is very much on birds.
Painting or drawing any subject well, gives great satisfaction. In this book the author hopes to help the reader become competent at drawing and painting birds, or at least to enjoy trying!
3
Addison, Tony, and Alan Roe, eds. Extractive Industries. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817369.001.0001.
Анотація:
This book is about the challenges and opportunities facing developing countries in using their extractive industries (oil and gas and mining) to achieve inclusive and sustainable development. While resource wealth can yield prosperity, it can also cause acute social inequality, deep poverty, environmental damage, and political instability. There is a new determination to improve the benefits of extractive industries to their host countries, and to strengthen the sector’s governance. The book provides a comprehensive contribution to a debate on what must be done for the extractive industries to deliver development, protect often-fragile environments from damage, enhance the rights of affected communities (and the benefits to them), and support climate change action (as the world transitions away from fossil fuels). That debate has many participants: governments of resource-abundant countries; extractives companies (together with their industry associations); community-based organizations (and their NGO and INGO partners); bilateral and multilateral development agencies; the national and international media; and the research community in universities and think tanks. New initiatives all recognize that resource wealth can provide a means for poorer nations to decisively break with poverty—by diversifying economies and funding development spending. This book offers ideas and recommendations in the main policy areas as it brings together international experts from many disciplines and organizations. From this collective insight and experience, the book concludes that more attention must be given to the development role of extractive industries, and looks to the future as action on climate change will shape the prospects for the sector.
Частини книг з теми "Medical white oil":
1
R. Singh, Twinkle. "Study on Approximate Analytical Method with Its Application Arising in Fluid Flow." In Porous Fluids - Advances in Fluid Flow and Transport Phenomena in Porous Media. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97548.
Анотація:
This chapter is about the, Variational iteration method (VIM); Adomian decomposition method and its modification has been applied to solve nonlinear partial differential equation of imbibition phenomenon in oil recovery process. The important condition of counter-current imbibition phenomenon as vi=−vn, has been considered here main aim, here is to determine the saturation of injected fluid Sixt during oil recovery process which is a function of distance ξ and time θ, therefore saturation Si is chosen as a dependent variable while xandt are chosen as independent variable. The solution of the phenomenon has been found by VIM, ADM and Laplace Adomian decomposition method (LADM). The effectiveness of our method is illustrated by different numerical.
2
Sahu, Mamta, Suman Devi, Pragya Mishra, and Ena Gupta. "Mustard Is a Miracle Seed to Human Health." In Ethnopharmacological Investigation of Indian Spices, 154–62. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2524-1.ch012.
Анотація:
Brassica juncea, known as Indian mustard, has been used for centuries for its nutritional and medicinal values. L. brassica is a genus of plants in the mustard family, Brassicaceae. The members of the genus are informally known as cruciferous vegetables, cabbages, or mustard plants. Among the different varieties of mustard, the three principals are Brassica hirta or Alba (yellow-white), B. nigra (black), and B. juncea (brown). In Asian countries, India ranks first in mustard production, and mustard is the primary cooking oil used. In folkloric medicine, different parts of the plants are obtained to treat a wide variety of human aliments. Mustard seed is good source of protein, fibre, minerals, vitamins, antioxidants, and phytonutrients. The plant has several health benefits acting as antimicrobial, antibacterial, anti-diabetic, antimalarial, etc. The present study aims to discuss the up to date information regarding the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological applications of mustard seed and its essential oil.
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De la Pena, Alicia S. "Just a Group of Oil Ladies." In Handbook of Research on the Impact of Fandom in Society and Consumerism, 127–48. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1048-3.ch007.
Анотація:
Based on a qualitative study, this chapter explores the characteristics, rituals and behaviors of the devotees of Young Living, a well-known brand of essential oils (EO). The analysis reveals five different segments: novices (first time users of EO), alchemists (innovators who discover and share new uses for the EO), alphas (passionate leaders), purists (extreme users of EO, interested in using only natural products), and evangelists (fervent devotees and promoters of the EO brand). According to alphas and evangelists, EO possess some mysticism and power; therefore, there is the need to guide and educate novices while they learn and adopt new practices, religious-like rituals and norms. At the same time this guiding and education becomes a powerful viral marketing tool that enhances the value of the EO brand. Finally, the analysis shows how social media enables EO fans to connect with each other to exchange their knowledge, passion and devotion for the brand.
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Jena, Tapan Kumar. "Skill Training Process in Medicine Through Distance Mode." In Optimizing Open and Distance Learning in Higher Education Institutions, 228–43. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2624-7.ch010.
Анотація:
Skill training can take place whereever trainer, trainee and clinical material is present. In a residential training, all the pedagogic steps of pedagogy are implemented in the same institution. In distance mode, each level of pedagogy is linked to separate settings to provide flexibility, and thus provides an alternate model to residential mode of medical education. While cognitive domain can be taken care by the Distance education institutions, the psycho-motor domain can be taken care through a integrated network of the tertiary level, secondary level and the primary level health set up in a sequential manner. Thus, every health institution of a nation and the clinical learning materials available in those settings can be utilised to impart medical education. Similar principle can be followed for imparting surgical training through distance mode. Skill training in medical education is a very sensitive issue. Its implementation through ODL mode needs conviction and a lot of expertise.
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Morrow, Gary W. "The Shikimate Pathway: Biosynthesis of Phenolic Products from Shikimic Acid." In Bioorganic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199860531.003.0009.
Анотація:
Like other amino acids, the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan are vitally important for protein synthesis in all organisms. However, while animals can synthesize tyrosine via oxidation of phenylalanine, they can synthesize neither phenylalanine itself nor tryptophan and so these essential amino acids must be obtained in the diet, usually from plant material. Though many other investigators made significant contributions in this area over the years, it was Bernhard Davis in the early 1950s whose use of mutant stains of Escherichia coli led to a full understanding of the so-called shikimic acid pathway that is used by plants and also by some microorganisms for the biosynthesis of these essential amino acids. The pathway is almost completely devoted to their synthesis for protein production in bacteria, while in plants the pathway extends their use to the construction of a wide array of secondary metabolites, many of which are valuable medicinal agents. These secondary metabolites range from simple and familiar compounds such as vanillin (vanilla flavor and fragrance) and eugenol (oil of clove, a useful dental anesthetic) to more complex structures such as pinoresinol, a common plant biochemical, and podophyllotoxin, a powerful cancer chemotherapy agent. Earlier in Chapter 3, we encountered two important intermediates, erythrose-4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), each of which was derived from a different pathway utilized in carbohydrate metabolism. Erythrose-4-P was an intermediate in one of the steps of the pentose phosphate pathway while hydrolysis of PEP to pyruvic acid was the final step in glycolysis. These two simple intermediates provide the seven carbon atoms required for construction of shikimic acid itself. The two are linked to one another via a sequence of enzyme-mediated aldol-type reactions, the first being a bimolecular reaction and the second an intramolecular variant that ultimately leads to a cyclic precursor of shikimic acid known as 3-dehydroquinic acid as shown in Fig. 6.3. Subsequent dehydration of 3-dehydroquinic acid leads to 3-dehydroshikimic acid which then leads directly to shikimic acid via NADPH reduction.
6
Allchin, Douglas. "Science beyond Scientists." In Sacred Bovines. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190490362.003.0020.
Анотація:
A message of alarm arrives from your cousins: What do you know about the science of “fracking”? Fracking is a way to extract oil and gas. It could potentially generate lots of welcome income in their impoverished rural community—while supplying energy domestically. But possibly dangerous chemicals are injected into the earth and collect in waste ponds. Some residents are worrying about contaminated groundwater. It’s potentially quite frightening. But also confusing. Your cousins seek your perspective. Such a scenario seems to epitomize what “scientific literacy” is all about: being able to interpret scientific claims that inform personal and social decision-making (Figure 13.1). How would a typical citizen or consumer approach this case? Probably search online. Wikipedia. Google. Quick, informative, apparently authoritative answers. Maybe worth investing a half hour of effort, at most. Delving into the Internet, one can easily find many specialized websites describing how fracking works (energytomorrow.org; fracfocus.org; hydraulicfracturing.com). They are apparently quite frank about safety issues, which they seem to address fully, including with an impressive quote from a former head of the Environmental Protection Agency. Yet from a more informed perspective, one may find that the genuine facts are also mixed with a lot of questionable claims and spurious “evidence.” A lot is left out. The incompleteness betrays bias. The take- home lesson? What the average citizen or consumer likely interprets as sound science, may not be. Ultimately, good science diverges from what counts as good science in the public realm. Here, the challenge is being able to distinguish trustworthy science from junk and industry propaganda. Ironically, knowledge of scientific concepts—the primary stuff one learns in school science classes—is of marginal value. One might thus doubt a pervasive principle (the sacred bovine on this occasion) that in fostering scientific literacy, one should focus primarily on the “raw” science itself, while remaining aloof to the cultural politics of science. Functional scientific literacy includes understanding the media contexts through which science is conveyed—and sometimes misconveyed.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Medical white oil":
1
Krieger, Gary R., and Jean-Marie Moreau. "Tuberculosis: Return of the White Plague. Medical and Laboratory Strategies for E&P Projects." In SPE International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/74112-ms.
2
Telmadarreie, Ali, Christopher Johnsen, and Steven L. Bryant. "A Novel Hybrid Solvent-Based Complex Fluid for Enhanced Heavy Oil Recovery." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200857-ms.
Анотація:
Abstract This study designs a novel complex fluid (foam/emulsion) using as main components gas, low-toxicity solvents (green solvents) which may promote oil mobilization, and synergistic foam stabilizers (i.e. nanoparticles and surfactants) to improve sweep efficiency. This nanoparticle-enabled green solvent foam (NGS-foam) avoids major greenhouse gas emissions from the thermal recovery process and improves the performance of conventional green solvent-based methods (non-thermal) by increasing the sweep efficiency, utilizing less solvent while producing more oil. Surfactants and nanoparticles were screened in static tests to generate foam in the presence of a water-soluble/oil-soluble solvent and heavy crude oil from a Canadian oil field (1600 cp). The liquid phase of NGS-foam contains surfactant, nanoparticle, and green solvent (GS) all dispersed in the water phase. Nitrogen was used as the gas phase. Fluid flow experiments in porous media with heterogeneous permeability structure mimicking natural environments were performed to demonstrate the dynamic stability of the NGS-foam for heavy oil recovery. The propagation of the pre-generated foam was monitored at 10 cm intervals over the length of porous media (40 cm). Apparent viscosity, pressure gradient, inline measurement of effluent density, and oil recovery were recorded/calculated to evaluate the NGS-foam performance. The outcomes of static experiments revealed that surfactant alone cannot stabilize the green solvent foam and the presence of carefully chosen nanoparticles is crucial to have stable foam in the presence of heavy oil. The results of NGS-foam flow in heterogeneous porous media demonstrated a step-change improvement in oil production such that more than 60% of residual heavy oil was recovered after initial waterflood. This value of residual oil recovery was significantly higher than other scenarios tested in this study (i.e. GS- water and gas co-injection, conventional foam without GS, GS-foam stabilized with surfactant only and GS-waterflood). The increased production occurred because NGS-foam remained stable in the flowing condition, improves the sweep efficiency and increases the contact area of the solvent with oil. The latter factor is significant: comparing to GS-waterflood, NGS-foam produces a unit volume of oil faster with less solvent and up to 80% less water. Consequently, the cost of solvent per barrel of incremental oil will be lower than for previously described solvent applications. In addition, due to its water solubility, the solvent can be readily recovered from the reservoir by post flush of water and thus re-used. The NGS-foam has several potential applications: recovery from post-CHOPS reservoirs (controlling mobility in wormholes and improving the sweep efficiency while reducing oil viscosity), fracturing fluid (high apparent viscosity to carry proppant and solvent to promote hydrocarbon recovery from matrix while minimizing water invasion), and thermal oil recovery (hot NGS-foam for efficient oil viscosity reduction and sweep efficiency improvement).
3
Mule, Anisha, Ramin Dabirian, Srinivas Swaroop Kolla, Ram Mohan, and Ovadia Shoham. "In-Line Testing of Novel Filter Media for Oil-Water Mixtures." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-5554.
Анотація:
Abstract A novel non-fibrous filter media is evaluated for in-line oil-water separation. Outside-in-crossflow configuration incorporating the filter media is utilized in order to test the filter. All experiments are conducted with a hydrophilic-olephobic filter for water-continuous flow with low oil concentrations. The collected experimental data include permeate flow rate and purity as well as pressure drop. Values of permeate flow rate and pressure drop are averaged over the duration of the experiments, which is about 5 minutes, constituting the “initial average” of the permeate flow rate and the corresponding pressure drop. Totally twelve experimental runs are conducted for mixture velocities of 0.038 m/s, 0.055 m/s and 0.066 m/s, and oil concentrations of 0.6%, 0.83%, 1.1%, 7.9% and 9.1%. Permeate samples are analyzed for oil content, demonstrating a high separation efficiency of 98 ± 2%. The permeate flux across the filter cartridge ranges between 0.0739 (L/h)/cm2 to 0.216 (L/h)/cm2 owing to the low pressure drop across to filter. Oil concentration in to permeate water samples shows consistently increasing trend with an increase in inlet oil content, while maintaining high separation efficiency for all runs. The pressure drop across the membrane under flowing conditions ranges from 0.35 psid to 0.6 psid for flow rates between 0.1 L/min and 0.29 L/min, respectively. Also the data confirm that the filter membrane breakthrough pressure is 0.35 psid.
4
Awolayo, Adedapo, Ali M. AlSumaiti, and Hemanta Sarma. "An Experimental Study of Smart Waterflooding on Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24597.
Анотація:
Wetting state in many fractured carbonate reservoirs exists between mixed-wet to oil-wet. Interaction of negatively charged carboxylic molecules in the crude oil with the rock surface, and high capillary pressure encountered during oil migration into the reservoir rock frequently render the rock oil-wet. Similarly, the existence of fractures solitarily governs the fluid flow dynamics in the porous media. Therefore, oil recovery from oil-wet fractured reservoirs is extremely tasking due to complex mechanisms involved in interactions between the double porosity system and the reservoir fluids. Waterflooding seems to be an economical technique to recover oil from fractured (water-wet) reservoirs where the rate of oil recovery is controlled by the water imbibition into the matrix from the fracture network. While for oil-wet reservoirs, waterflooding appears feeble and smart waterflooding looks very promising through varying of ions in the injection water. Hence changes the properties of the rock and improves waterflood performance. Middle East carbonate cores, dead crude oil, and smart water of different salinity were used in both static imbibition cells and centrifuge experiments. In order to gain better understanding of the relative contribution of oil recovery between fracture and matrix, different core configurations were used. The tests were carried out initially with formation brine and followed by different slugs of smart water. Presented in this work are the results obtained from the formation brine-oil imbibition tests and smart water-oil imbibition tests in fractured and unfractured cores. Results showed that waterflood recovery from fractured carbonate cores was about 50% of the OOIC while incremental displacement for smart water imbibition was observed nearly as high as 13%.
5
Hosseini, Seyed Abolhassan, Morteza Roostaei, Farshad Mohammadtabar, Mohammad Mohammadtabar, Mohammad Soroush, Kelly Berner, Mahdi Mahmoudi, Roger Miller, and Vahidoddin Fattahpour. "Hybrid Sand Control Screen Using the Combined Surface and Depth Filtration." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200830-ms.
Анотація:
Abstract Development of weakly and unconsolidated sand reservoirs require effective sand control media to prevent sand production. The existing sand control devices in the market are either relying on surface filtration to prevent sand production through size exclusion or bridging or depth filtration which relies on the pore size distribution of a porous filter or pack to prevent the sand from producing along the production fluids. In this study, we introduce a new hybrid sand screen that works based on a combined surface and depth filtration. Radial Sand Control Evaluation (RSCE) testing facility was used to compare the solid production and flow performance of the new hybrid screen with various mesh media in multi-phase gas and liquid flow under various fluid injection scenarios. Solid production and flow performance were compared with investigated cases. The new hybrid screen provides an optimized Open to Flow Area (OFA) in comparison to available surface filtration or depth filtration media, which provides required OFA, while prevents sanding. The robust design, low cost and manufacturing ease make it a suitable screen media for most sand control applications. The sand retention test results under various fluid injection scenarios including multi-phase oil, brine, and gas show that it outperforms the Dutch Twill (DT) weave and Reverse Dutch Twill (RDT) weave of equivalent aperture size, with better flow performance at constant flow rate tests compare to best-performing mesh media, while keeping the produced sand far below the acceptable thresholds. Hybrid design handles both high velocity and high Gas-Oil Ratio (GOR) better than equivalent depth filtration media of equivalent size. This paper presents a detailed characterization, flow performance testing of a new hybrid sand control media that combines the surface filtration and depth filtration properties to achieve better solid retention and flow performance. The hybrid screen media is suitable for high-rate producers with high GOR. Keywords: Hybrid Screen, Surface Filtration, Depth Filtration, Radial Sand Control Evaluation (RSCE) Testing
6
Alema´n, Miguel A´ngel, Ramiro Bermeo, Andre´s Mendiza´bal, and Wong Loon. "Successful Social Environmental Management Model, Implemented in Ecuador to Overcome Impacts From a Heavy Crude Oil Spill." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31179.
Анотація:
On February 25, 2009, OCP Ecuador S.A. faced its first incident; an oil spill consisting of 11,700 barrels of heavy crude oil in an area of high biodiversity in eastern Ecuador. An earth movement caused stress in the pipeline causing its breakage. The temporarily impacted area covered 30 hectares of soil and gravel along 180 kilometers of three rivers that form the high watershed of the Amazon River; these rivers are the Santa Rosa, Quijos and the Coca. During the emergency, while workers rallied to contain the spill and clean the affected area, other workers took safety precautions regarding the health of the inhabitants of the area. Consequently, 1,258 residents from the Gonzalo Pizarro and Orellana cantons received medical assistance in order to rule out patients with pathologies related to the oil spill. OCP executed a joint effort with the Emergency Operations Committee (COE) stationed in Coca in order to supply water for the citizens that reside in the affected area. OCP responded to the requirements claimed by residents, all of which were approved by the COE. Communities affected by the event participated in cleaning efforts through the creation of temporary jobs for them. OCP strictly adhered to the regulations passed by the Ministry of the Environment and those of internationally accepted best practices for these types of events. The media and the citizenry were kept continuously abreast of developments. In addition, all corresponding works and reliability tests were performed on March 4 in order to restart pumping activities. On September 30th, 2009, and following a rigorous process of cleaning and remediation (L&Rr—in Spanish) activities, all tasks were completed in all affected areas prior to an inspection and a walking tour of the area performed by governmental authorities, community members and independent observers. For the collective benefit of affected communities, the environment and OCP, local authorities and international auditors recognized the model established during the event. OCP created a taskforce charged with the execution of the Environmental Remediation Program (PRA—in Spanish) and environmental authorities prepared and approved this program. The Environmental Remediation Taskforce (UPRA) covered the following aspects related to the incident: legal, environmental, cleaning and remediation technical aspects, as well as social, environmental, financial, insurance, internal and external communication aspects, along with a rigorous oversight of contractors. The model implemented is the first of its kind deployed in Ecuador. National and international regulations in force validated the methodology used to remediate the soil, riverbanks and surface water contaminated with the oil caused by the incident. The application of this methodology, aptly deployed in response to the distress situation present at the various affected areas, allowed a reduction in a short period, of the total hydrocarbon concentrations established in the environmental standard, to equal or lower values than those previously indicated for sensitive ecosystems. OCP developed and implemented a technical, environmental and economic matrix that allowed the Company to choose and justify the remediation methods used in affected areas.
7
Tan, Zhuo, Rohan A. Shirwaiker, and Paul E. Orndoff. "Determining Optimal Current Intensity and Duration for Electrically Activated Silver-Based Prophylactic Hip Implant Prototype Design." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14141.
Анотація:
Infections associated with medical prostheses result in notable morbidity, and traditional osteomyelitis treatments are often accompanied by high risk and cost. The probability of prosthetic joint infections is 1–2.5 % for primary hip or knee replacements and 2.1–5.8 % for revision surgeries, and the cost of treating such an infection is estimated to be over $50,000 per episode. [1] While the potential benefits of silver surfaces stimulated by low intensity direct current (LIDC) have been discussed in literature, we have recently utilized that concept in the actual design of prophylactic indwelling residual hardware prostheses for the very first time. [2–4] A modular titanium hip stem coated with silver at the anode (and titanium as the cathode) and activated by a watch battery encapsulated within the two electrode modules (Figure 1) will result in oligodynamic iontophoresis (OI) in the soft tissue surrounding the implant which is prone to infections. Preliminary in vitro and in vivo results have demonstrated the potency of silver-based OI as an effective local antibacterial therapy in osteomyelitis treatment with advantages over various antibiotics. However, the main challenge here is achieving the antibacterial potency while minimizing any potential toxic effects on local tissues. [4]
8
Close, Natasha, Julia Dilley, and Janet Baseman. "Poison Center Reports of Cannabis Exposures among Children in Washington State, 2016." In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.20.
Анотація:
Washington State began legal cannabis retail sales in 2014. Legalization of adult use cannabis and retail sales may result in more cannabis products in homes and opportunities for accidental exposures among young children. Consumption of cannabis by young children can result in significant adverse health effects. This study examined details of cannabis exposure events involving children under age 12 that were reported to the Washington State Poison Center (WAPC) during January – December 2016. Redacted charts were obtained from the WAPC “Toxicall” database. 50 eligible events were identified. Structured data were used to describe child age and gender and to obtain information about the involved products, route of administration, exposure setting, and clinical effects. Additional information about the exposure event was available in case notes; qualitative methods were used to develop themes and categorize the cases. Most exposure events (62%) were for children ages 0-2, and 26% were for ages 3-5. None of the exposures were reported as intentional. Of those where the source of the product could be determined (N=29) either a parent (n=20, 69%) or grandparent (n=6, 21%) was the most common source. Nearly all (94%) exposures occurred at the patient’s home and involved a single substance (90%). Of those that noted the type (N=13), 85% indicated that the cannabis was obtained for medical purposes. Most exposures were by ingestion (86%), and edibles were the most often reported form (52% of 41 cases with product specified). Nearly all edibles were brownies, cookies, and candies (96%). Baked goods were reported to be both homemade and purchased. Three cases were exposures to cannabidiol (CBD) among children being treated for seizures by their parents: one was the result of a therapeutic error, one an adverse reaction, and one an unintentional exposure. A single child was reported as exposed through breastmilk. Of those with known medical outcomes (N=33), nearly all caused no or minor clinical effects (78%), and nearly all had symptoms for less than 24 hours, most commonly lethargy and drowsiness (50%), but five children were hospitalized for non-critical care and one child with a history of seizures, who was given CBD oil containing THC, required intensive care and intubation. Risk for accidental exposures to cannabis among young children may be increasing as legal cannabis markets become more common. Although most exposures do not cause long-lasting harms, some children can experience significant harm requiring medical intervention. Caregivers of young children are advised to safely store cannabis products in the home so that they are out of reach of children, and to use caution and consult with a healthcare provider about use of cannabis products for medical treatment of a child or adult use while breastfeeding. Clinicians may play a role by screening for household cannabis use among parents and other caregivers, and advising about safe home practices. Continued regulatory approaches to limit exposure, such as limits on THC potency and single-serving packaging designs, may also be useful.
9
Mathewson, Andrew. "“Show-Stopper” — Effectively Managing Project Social Risks: Improved Approaches to Aboriginal Engagement and Consultation." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90145.
Анотація:
A number of proposed pipelines in western and northern Canada have highlighted critical path social risks associated with effectively engaging and consulting with impacted Aboriginal rightsholders along pipeline rights-of-way. Opening up new markets for Canada’s oil sands, shale and off-shore gas resources will require an expansion of the pipeline system in northern British Columbia, Alberta and the Northwest Territories. While navigating the regulatory approval process can be a formidable hurdle, a far greater challenge is how proponents manage the process of building relationships and consulting with affected Aboriginal communities. Failing to earn Aboriginal support for proposed projects can be a “show-stopper”. Exploration of new basins in Canada, driven by increased demand for energy in Asia, may compete with other land uses and constitutionally-protected rights and practices of indigenous peoples. Public, media and environmental response to new pipelines is often lead by the reaction of impacted communities. The task of identifying the social risks to a project, understanding the engagement process, fulfilling the regulatory consultation requirements of different jurisdictions, balancing impacts with benefits, managing issues and resolving disputes, communicating with the public and media effectively all require improved skills and approaches. The paper surveys the stakeholder engagement experience and differences in approaches for recently proposed major arctic gas and western oil pipeline projects, as well as pipelines to service Liquefied Natural Gas export facilities on the Pacific north coast, providing practical insights with possibly international application. Utilizing decision and risk analysis and scenario planning methodologies, applied to development of an Aboriginal engagement and consultation strategy, the paper examines how multi-billion dollar investments in new pipelines can be better secured by integrating stakeholder engagement into a project’s risk management design. With greater precision and improved approaches proponents can effectively manage social risks, reduce stakeholder conflict and associate project uncertainties.
10
Gupta, Subodh. "Issue with Stone-II Three Phase Permeability Model, and A Novel Robust Fundamentals-Based Alternative to It." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205883-ms.
Анотація:
Abstract The objective of this paper is to present a fundamentals-based, consistent with observation, three-phase flow model that avoids the pitfalls of conventional models such as Stone-II or Baker's three-phase permeability models. While investigating the myth of residual oil saturation in SAGD with comparing model generated results against field data, Gupta et al. (2020) highlighted the difficulty in matching observed residual oil saturation in steamed reservoir with Stone-II and Baker's linear models. Though the use of Stone-II model is very popular for three-phase flow across the industry, one issue in the context of gravity drainage is how it appears to counter-intuitively limit the flow of oil when water is present near its irreducible saturation. The current work begins with describing the problem with existing combinatorial methods such as Stone-II, which in turn combine the water-oil, and gas-oil relative permeability curves to yield the oil relative permeability curve in presence of water and gas. Then starting with the fundamentals of laminar flow in capillaries and with successive analogical formulations, it develops expressions that directly yield the relative permeabilities for all three phases. In this it assumes a pore size distribution approximated by functions used earlier in the literature for deriving two-phase relative permeability curves. The outlined approach by-passes the need for having combinatorial functions such as prescribed by Stone or Baker. The model so developed is simple to use, and it avoids the unnatural phenomenon or discrepancy due to a mathematical artefact described in the context of Stone-II above. The model also explains why in the past some researchers have found relative permeability to be a function of temperature. The new model is also amenable to be determined experimentally, instead of being based on an assumed pore-size distribution. In that context it serves as a set of skeletal functions of known dependencies on various saturations, leaving constants to be determined experimentally. The novelty of the work is in development of a three-phase relative permeability model that is based on fundamentals of flow in fine channels and which explains the observed results in the context of flow in porous media better. The significance of the work includes, aside from predicting results more in line with expectations and an explanation of temperature dependent relative permeabilities of oil, a more reliable time dependent residual oleic-phase saturation in the context of gravity-based oil recovery methods.