Готові списки джерел за темами / Perception incidente

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Perception incidente"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 13 квітня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Perception incidente":

1

Canedo Nogueira, Daniela Filipa, Liliana Fontes, António Rui Da Silva Gomes, and Rui Manuel Coelho Resende da Silva. "Referees’ Emotions and Performance Perception: The Importance of Stress and Cognitive Appraisal." Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte 22, no. 2 (April 10, 2022): 156–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/cpd.468751.

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La tarea de un árbitro es compleja y muy importante y, por lo general, se asocia con un alto estrés. En este estudio buscamos comprender el papel del estrés y la evaluación cognitiva en las emociones y en la percepción del rendimiento deportivo de los árbitros antes de que se juegue un partido. Adoptamos una metodología de incidentes críticos para analizar cómo los árbitros se adaptan al estrés relacionado con su próximo juego. El estudio incluyó a 708 árbitros de fútbol (646 hombres), de entre 18 y 53 años (M= 26,81; DE= 7,32). Evaluamos las fuentes de estrés, evaluación cognitiva, emociones y percepción del desempeño individual. El análisis de regresión mostró que el estrés fue el principal predictor de las emociones negativas, la evaluación cognitiva fue un predictor de las emociones negativas y positivas y que la evaluación cognitiva también contribuyó a comprender la percepción del desempeño individual. En resumen, el estrés y la evaluación son factores importantes para comprender la experiencia de estrés de los árbitros. The tasks referees must perform are both complex and very important, and are usually associated with high levels of stress. In this study, we aimed to understand the role of stress and cognitive appraisal on referees’ emotions and sports performance perception before the realization of a game. We adopted a critical incident methodology to understand how referees adapt to the stress related to their next game. The study included 708 football referees (646 males), aged between 18 and 53 (M = 26.81; SD = 7.32). We evaluated sources of stress, cognitive appraisal, emotions, and perception of individual performance. Regression analyses pointed out that stress was a main predictor of negative emotions, cognitive appraisal was a predictor of both negative and positive emotions, and that cognitive appraisal also contributed to comprehend the perception of individual performance. In sum, stress and appraisal are important factors to understand the stress experience of referees. A tarefa de um árbitro é complexa e muito importante, estando geralmente associada a um elevado stress. Neste estudo, procuramos compreender o papel do stresse da avaliação cognitiva nas emoções e na percepção do desempenho desportivo dos árbitros antes da realização de um jogo. Adotámos uma metodologia de incidente crítico para analisar o modo como os árbitros se adaptam ao stressrelacionado com o seu próximo jogo. O estudo incluiu 708 árbitros de futebol (646 homens), com idades entre os 18 e 53 (M= 26,81; DP= 7,32). Avaliámos as fontes de stress, avaliação cognitiva, emoções e perceção do rendimento individual. A análise de regressão mostrou que o stressfoi o principal preditor de emoções negativas, a avaliação cognitiva foi um preditor de emoções negativas e positivas e que a avaliação cognitiva também contribuiu para compreender a percepção do rendimento individual. Em suma, o stresse a avaliação são fatores importantes para entender a experiência de stressdos árbitros.
2

Marins, Loreci Alves, and Cícero Santolin Braga. "From the real to the supernatural: the fantastic in the Incidente em Antares book by Érico Verissimo." Concilium 23, no. 8 (May 16, 2023): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.53660/clm-1224-23e32.

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This article proposes to reflect about the influence of the Fantastic Realism in Érico Verissimo's Incidente em Antares. To this end, the two necessary conditions are considered, according to TODOROV (1975), for the existence of the fantastic: first, the text must lead the reader to consider the world of characters as a world of living creatures and to hesitate between a natural explanation and a supernatural explanation of the fact; Second, the reader's hesitation must be identified with a particular character, so that the reader's perception is inscribed in the text as precisely as the character's movements are. The fantastic, in Verissimo's narrative, becomes relevant due to the historical context, its characteristics and its purpose. The fantastic is born in this uncertainty: to choose one or the other answer to the events narrated. This paper aims to present the origin of Fantastic Realism and its contributions in the work, identify its structure, in order to prove the relevance of the historical period for the establishment, given that it is established as a result of dictatorial periods,merging the real and the imaginary.
3

Wanda, Maria Yuventa, Nursalam Nursalam, and Andri Setiya Wahyudi. "Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pelaporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien pada Perawat." Fundamental and Management Nursing Journal 3, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmnj.v3i1.17284.

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Introduction: Patient Safety Incident Report hereinafter referred to as incident reporting, is a system of documenting patient safety incident reports, analyzing and obtaining recommendations and solutions from the health care facility patient safety team. This study aims to analyze the factors of work experience, education, perceptions, attitudes, motivation, leadership towards reporting patient safety incidents to nurses in the inpatient room of Prof. Dr. W. Z. Johannes Kupang.Method: The design of this study was cross-sectional. The sample size of the study was 143 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The dependent variable is the reporting of patient safety incidents, while the independent variables are work experience, education, perception, attitude, motivation, leadership. Data were collected using a questionnaire and observation on nurses. Data were then analyzed using multiple logistic regression with a significant value < 0.05.Results: The results show that there is a perception effect on patient safety incident reporting (p = 0.05) and leadership influence on patient safety incident reporting (p = 0.02).Conclusion: The concludes is that there is an influence of perception and leadership on reporting patient safety incidents. Further researchers are advised to research the effect of training on improving patient safety incident reporting.
4

Zuhri, Saifudin, Bhisma Murti, Noer Rachma, Sapja Anantany, Sri Suwarni, and Sapja Anantanyu. "Managing the Pain: Investigating the Role of Indivuals and Job Factors in Coping with Low Back Pain Among Sewing Workers." Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 11, no. 11 (November 23, 2023): e986. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i11.986.

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Objective: This study aimed to assess the potential incidence of low back pain (LBP) among sewers in the garment industry of PT. Dan Liris in Sukoharjo, Central Java Province-Indonesia. Theoretical framework: In this study, the independent variables include individual factors, work factors, awareness of LBP triggers, and perception of LBP. While the dependent variables include participation in anticipating LBP incidents and independence in controlling LBP incidents. Method: This study was conducted by taking a sample of 119 respondents who work as sewers through purposive random sampling from 4,000 workers of PT. Dan Liris. Results and conclusion: The results showed that individual factors, work factors, awareness of LBP triggers, and perceptions of LBP had a positive and significant effect on participatory attitudes in anticipating LBP. However, awareness of LBP triggers does not have a positive and significant effect on participatory attitudes in anticipating LBP. In addition, individual factors, perception of LBP, and one's participation in anticipating LBP incidents also have a positive and significant effect on one's independence in controlling LBP incidents. However, job factors and awareness of LBP triggers do not have a positive and significant effect on one's independence in controlling LBP incidents. Furthermore, the variable mediation of work factors and one's participation in anticipating LBP incidents strengthens the relationship between individual factors and one's independence in controlling LBP incidents. However, the mediating variables of awareness of LBP triggers and perception of LBP did not show a positive and significant relationship to one's independence in controlling LBP incidents. Originality/value: This study provides new insights into the factors that influence the incidence of LBP in sewers in the garment industry. The results of this study can be used to develop strategies for the prevention and control of LBP in the garment industry as well as increase the awareness of sewers about the importance of preventing LBP incidents.
5

Rossignol, Nicolas, and Michiel van Oudheusden. "Learning from Incidents and Incident Reporting." Science, Technology, & Human Values 42, no. 4 (December 29, 2016): 679–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0162243916686168.

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This article examines how incidents are governed in a Belgian Nuclear Research Center by way of an incident reporting system (IRS) named Retour d’Experiences (REX). Drawing on a documentary analysis of incident reports, interviews, and focus groups with personnel, it illustrates how REX enacts a safety governmentality centered on identifying incident causes and culprits. As this governmentality mode obscures the epistemic and political character of incidents, it closes down important opportunities for collective learning about safety and safety governance. It is argued that joint reflection about incidents and resistances toward incident reporting serve as fruitful starting points for a more reflexive safety governance that makes explicit how decisions are made in high-risk contexts. Social scientists can enhance governance of this kind by pointing to different perceptions and evaluations of incidents and by insisting that contending interpretations are confronted and accounted for.
6

Espin, Sherry, and Diane Meikle. "Fourth-Year Nursing Student Perceptions of Incidents and Incident Reporting." Journal of Nursing Education 53, no. 4 (February 17, 2014): 238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20140217-04.

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7

Alboghobeish, Ali, Ehsan Heidari Farsani, Mehrdad Jaberi, and Syd Amin Jazayeri. "Risk Perception Evaluation of Hazardous Occupational Workers in a Steel Company of Khuzestan Province." Mapta Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (MJMIE) 2, no. 3 (April 26, 2019): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33544/mjmie.v2i3.84.

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Behavior, practice and how to carry out safe tasks by workers and industrial personnel who exposure to injuries and incidents, Depending on their understanding of the real risks in the workplace. The empirical definition of risk is expressed by calculating the probability of an incident and the magnitude of the consequences of an incident. Employee perceptions of occupational risks have a significant impact on their safety behavior in the workplace. Therefore, research on risk perception is an issue that has attracted many researchers' attention. This descriptive-analytical study was carried out in the winter of 2017 on workers of 10 technical workshops of one of the steel companies of Khuzestan province. Risk perception of workers was assessed using risk perception questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha 0.73. One-way ANOVA, One Sample T-Test and Post Hoc test were used to analyze the data. All perceived risk scores for people were at acceptable levels. The category of individuals in the marital status had the highest score and the experience of the people was the lowest score. Among demographics specification, only education is associated with an average risk perception score. The present study shows that none of the individuals' personal characteristics have a direct and positive impact on risk perception. In order to increase the level of risk perception of workers, planning and developing continuous training programs should be used.
8

Desiana. "Analysis Of Tiktok Video Content In The Incident Of UNP Student Eviction By Residents: A Case Study Of Perceptions And Impacts." Feedback International Journal of Communication 1, no. 1 (March 11, 2024): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.62569/fijc.v1i1.9.

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This study aims to analyze video content on TikTok related to incidents of KKN UNP students being expelled by residents and examine their perceptions and impacts in a social context. In this case study, an in-depth review of the video content made by UNP KKN students and residents involved in the incident was carried out. The research method used is video content analysis and a case study approach. Through an analysis of the messages and narration in the video content on TikTok regarding the expulsion incident, it is described and interpreted. The results of this study reveal that the messages in the video content play an important role in shaping the narrative and influencing the people's perspective on the event. This research also found the factors that influence the perception and impact of video content on TikTok as well as understanding of the role of social media in shaping public opinion and its effect on social dynamics, such as people's perception of the video content and its impact through public attitudes.
9

Cho, In Sun, and Su Jung Choi. "Relationship between the Perceptions of ICU Nurses on the Disclosure of Patient Safety Incidents and Communication Barriers." Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing 17, no. 1 (February 28, 2024): 44–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34250/jkccn.2024.17.1.44.

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Purpose : This study sought to explore intensive care unit (ICU) nurses’ perceptions regarding the disclosure of patient safety incidents (DPSI) and identify the relationship between the perception of DPSI and communication barriers.Methods : This study used a descriptive research design. A total of 110 ICU nurses from a tertiary hospital were surveyed online between September 14 and October 5, 2022. The mean DPSI score ranged between 1.0 and 4.0, with a higher score indicating a higher perception of DPSI.Results : The mean score for ICU nurses’ perceptions of DPSI was 2.92 (SD=0.37). Among the characteristics of ICU nurses, differences were observed in perceptions of DPSI according to gender, age, total work experience, and ICU work experience. Communication barriers among ICU nurses were negatively correlated with negative results as a sub-factor of perceptions of DPSI. Ambiguity in the nurse’s position, lack of confidence, differences in perspectives with patients, and inadequate nurse-patient relationships as sub-factors of communication barriers exhibited a negative correlation with negative results as a sub-factor of perceptions of DPSI.Conclusions : ICU nurses’ perceptions of DPSI and the sub-factors related to communication barriers are negatively related to DPSI. To improve ICU nurses’ perceptions, open and non-punitive circumstances, staff education, practical guidelines, and support systems are required.
10

Pierson, Cameron M. "The critical incident negotiation process of public librarians in Aotearoa New Zealand." Open Information Science 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opis-2022-0127.

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Abstract This paper reports findings from interviews with practicing public librarians in Aotearoa New Zealand. It details respondent understanding of influences on perception and behaviour, and critical incidents as they relate to librarian professional identity. In-depth semi-structed interviews were conducted with forty practicing public librarians. Interviews were analysed with an inductive approach. Findings report on sample tendencies of dominant influences on practitioners’ perception and behaviour, impacting professional identity development over time. Dominant influences are respondent understanding of the strongest aspect they understand to influence their professional identity for both their individual perception of their professional identity and social factors influencing their professional behaviour. Findings also report on the identity negotiation process prompted by critical incidents, whose criticality is reliant on individual perception of incident in relation to professional identity. This process outlines affective response to the critical incident as a gateway to identity negotiations, leading to a discovery and/or growth of an identity facet, which will either affirm or undermine identity understanding. This process may be iterative, as meaning ascribed to the incident may change over time. Three theoretical propositions are presented articulating the role of dominant influences and critical incidents on identity negotiations of public librarian professional identity.
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Статті в журналах Дисертації Книги

Дисертації з теми "Perception incidente":

1

Patat, Dubouis Pascale. "Alliances accidentelles de marques : définition et approche managériale, processus de traitement et effets sur le consommateur." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPSLD052.

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Parfois le consommateur perçoit incidemment un lien entre une publicité et un élément du contexte de cette dernière, par exemple une seconde publicité. Il s’en suit des réactions positives et négatives parfois fortes sur les réseaux sociaux, posant la question de l’impact de ces accidents.L’objectif de notre recherche est de définir ce phénomène, ses conditions de formation et ses conséquences. Nous proposons un cadre théorique intégratif basé sur les effets de contexte, les alliances de marques, la théorie de la Gestalt et la congruence. Nous mettons en place une approche mixte via des entretiens auprès de consommateurs et professionnels, une étude de cas ainsi qu’une expérimentation. Nous pouvons ainsi établir le fait qu’une alliance accidentelle de marque est un processus de prise de conscience par le consommateur de la congruence entre les caractéristiques des publicités et entre les marques, influencé par la pertinence perçue, la relation du consommateur à la marque et les émotions. Nous identifions des effets cognitifs, affectifs et conatifs sur le consommateur. Ils entrainent des répercussions sur l’attention et son attitude par rapport à l’accident, ainsi que sur la marque et l’entreprise
Sometimes the consumer incidentally perceives a link between an advertisement and an element of the context of the latter, for example a second advertisement. This may result in sometimes strong positive and negative reactions on social networks, raising the question of the impact of these accidents.The objective of our research is to define this phenomenon, its formation conditions and its consequences. We propose an integrative theoretical framework based on context effects, brand alliances, Gestalt theory and congruence.We are implementing a mixed approach via interviews with consumers and professionals, a case study and an experiment.We can thus establish the fact that an accidental brand alliance is a process of awareness by the consumer of the congruence between the characteristics of the advertisements and between the brands, influenced by the perceived relevance, the relationship of the consumer to the brand and the emotions.We identify cognitive, affective and conative effects on the consumer. They have repercussions on attention and attitude towards the accident, as well as on the brand and the company
2

Beasley, Elizabeth Walden. "Perceptions of Middle School Bystanders to Bullying Incidences." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/568.

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Bullying permeates all grade levels in schools. Despite antibullying initiatives implemented in a Midwest school district, bullying continued to occur. One aspect of bullying that is not often examined is the perceptions of bystanders, especially at the middle school level. The purposes of this quantitative survey design study were to examine (a) the frequency and level of bullying by grade level, (b) the relationship between middle school bystanders' willingness to intervene and grade level, and (c) perceptions of bullying interventions and grade level. Latané and Darley's bystander effect theory was the theoretical framework for this study. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were used to examine survey data from 548 6th, 7th, and 8th graders who reported being bullied or observed bullying at school. Descriptive statistics results were that the majority of students were bullied occasionally (6th grade 57%, 7th grade 63%, and 8th grade 57%), while a smaller group of students (6th grade 22%, 7th grade 20%, and 8th grade 25%) were bullied every day. Chi square results indicated there was no significant relationship between bystanders' willingness to intervene in bullying situations and their grade level. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between students' perceptions regarding impact of intervening for Grades 6 and 8, but not for Grade 7. It was concluded that, within this particular group, bullying was occurring in unsupervised areas in middle school, and few students were reporting an intent to help a student being bullied, despite their perceptions that intervening would be effective. It is recommended that students receive bystander intervention training that may reduce bullying. This endeavor may contribute to positive social change by providing bystander students with the skills necessary to intervene in incidences of bullying to reduce bullying in schools.
3

Waters, Norna Foxcroft. "Exploring perceptions of perinatal nurses towards incident reporting : a qualitative study." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27916.

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Patient safety has received greater attention in response to the release of reports estimating a significant number of incidents (adverse events or near misses) occur during inpatient hospital stays. Improving the safety of our health care system requires a greater understanding of the types of incidents and their underlying causes. Nurses are recognized as the discipline most likely to report incidents in practice due to their front line role in patient care. Perinatal nurses are of specific interest as they are well recognized as playing an active role in the identification and reporting of incidents that occur in inpatient perinatal settings. This descriptive qualitative study explored perinatal nurses’ perceptions about reporting incidents in practice and also identified factors that facilitate or act as barriers towards incident reporting. Data were collected in focus groups (n=16) consisting of perinatal nurses employed on labour and delivery units within one Health Authority in the province of BC. Audiotaped data were transcribed and analyzed using constant comparison. Four main themes and 12 subthemes were identified. The main themes were: nature of incidents, how incidents happen, barriers to incident reporting, and facilitating factors for incident reporting. The subthemes included: descriptions of incidents, determining what qualifies as an incidents, litigation, decision making, dynamics, fatigue, time, reporting tools, unit culture, learning, practice improvement, and professional identity. The perinatal nurses indicated the types of incidents that occurred in their practice area were unique to their practice setting. They felt these incidents were mostly related to outcomes and were to some degree out of their control. They did not view incidents involving medications as an issue They identified team dynamics as influencing the safety of perinatal units, because poor team dynamics were often associated with negative patient outcomes. Fatigue, lack of time to report incidents, reporting tools and the negative reactions/responses of team members were identified as barriers to incident reporting. Facilitating factors to incident reporting were professional responsibility, learning opportunities created by incident reports, and observing change on their units in response to incident reports. The themes had implications for nursing practice, administration, education, and research.
4

Sullivan-Windle, Barbara Anne. "Students' perceptions of factors influencing effective library use." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1993. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36687/1/36687_Sullivan-Windle_1993.pdf.

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This qualitative study was undertaken at the Kelvin Grove Campus Library of Queensland University of Technology to discover which aspects within the library hinder students from using it effectively and which aspects help. Written discourse collected using the Critical Incident Technique and Photography revealed how students perceived the library itself, and how they perceived the library staff. It also gave a bonus - an insight into the library's client, the student. Many of the issues raised by the respondents were the same as those discovered in previous studies focusing on students' library use. These included use of facilities; problems with gaining access to the collection; availability of information about library services; how students learned to use the library; and 'library anxiety'. The data also yielded some interesting and unusual insights, which enabled a picture to be built up of the student client at the Kelvin Grove Library. It showed how the library staff made students feel guilty; provided insight into the stages of development through which university students progress during their tertiary studies; and showed their progression through a series of stages in their use of the technology found inside the modern academic library. The findings point to positive and negative influences within the library which help or hinder effective use, and by implication, give an understanding of the way students would like to experience the library. The recommendations proposed in this study are offered as steps that librarians can take to assist in achieving a more inviting 'user-friendly' learning environment. Some recommendations for future research are also offered
5

Horton, Gary Scott. "The Impact of College Campus Shooting Incidents| An Exploration of Student Perceptions." Thesis, Lindenwood University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3734048.

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Knowing the perceptions of college students regarding their safety on campus from an active school shooter can be valuable when campus police and security, college safety boards, and other members of the college community are designing policies and emergency plans to protect the college. However, few studies have been conducted to examine perceptions of students regarding fear of a school shooter on a university campus. To address this gap in the literature, this particular study was conducted to specifically inspect the perceptions of students regarding fear of a school shooter on a university campus in Missouri. This study resulted in a record of how the fear of a school shooter is perceived by college students from a variety of viewpoints. A qualitative, grounded theory design was selected for this study and was framed through the perspective of values theory and human and campus ecology theories. Interviews with 25 university students in Missouri were conducted. Data analysis resulted in the emergence of four major themes: (a) contentment, (b) partnership, (c) communication, and (d) maintenance. Overall, students in this study felt a great degree of contentment and desired to reduce their fear of an active shooter by creating a partnership with campus police, communicating better, and rejecting stricter gun laws.

6

Bogliotti, Caroline. "Perception catégorielle et perception allophonique : incidences de l'âge, du niveau de lecture et des couplages entre prédispositions phonétiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00468920.

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Ce travail avait pour objectif d'évaluer la perception catégorielle de la parole (PC) et les liens qu'elle entretient avec l'apprentissage de la lecture et les difficultés de cet apprentissage. Les études ont porté sur des continua de voisement (VOT) et de lieu d'articulation (transitions de F2 et F3). Trois critères ont été utilisés pour évaluer la PC : la perception catégorielle relative, l'effet de frontière phonémique et la précision catégorielle. Cinq études ont été effectuées, 3 sur le voisement (études 1, 2 et 3), 1 sur le lieu d'articulation (étude 4) et 1 sur voisement et lieu (étude 5). L'étude 1, dans laquelle ont été suivis de 6 à 8 ans des enfants qui étaient non lecteurs à 6 ans, a permis de relever un effet de l'âge et/ou de l'apprentissage de la lecture sur la PC. L'effet du niveau de lecture sur la PC a été également relevé dans l'étude 2, qui a permis de constater que des dyslexiques de 10 ans, comparativement à des normolecteurs de même âge, présentaient un déficit de PC, et plus spécifiquement un mode de perception allophonique. L'étude 3 a en plus mis en relief le fait que le déficit de PC était persistant, étant donné qu'il a été observé chez des dyslexiques relativement âgés (17 ans). Les travaux sur le trait de voisement suggèrent que la perception allophonique résulterait d'un déficit de couplage entre prédispositions phonétiques au cours du développement perceptif. Nous avons confirmé cette hypothèse pour le trait de lieu d'articulation dans l'étude 4, qui a porté sur des adultes. Dans la dernière étude, nous avons proposé à des dyslexiques de 8 à 10 ans des entraînements qui avaient pour objectif de « corriger » leur déficit de perception allophonique. Cette tentative a échoué, ce qui indique que ce déficit est résistant à la remédiation. Ces résultats suggèrent que la perception allophonique serait à l'origine des difficultés de lecture des dyslexiques, ce mode de perception entravant l'établissement des correspondances graphèmes-phonèmes, condition sine qua non de l'apprentissage de la lecture.
7

Blust, Katherine Eileen. "Middle School Teachers' Perceptions of Bullying and Their Practices in Reporting Bullying Incidents." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2522.

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Student self-report surveys showed bullying behaviors were problematic among students in one Midwest middle school. Despite implementing a version of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program, students continued to self-report bullying behaviors that occurred on school property during school hours. It is crucial that educators are proactive in intervening and preventing bullying to establish a safe environment for academic success. The purpose of this study was to describe teachers' perceptions of bullying behaviors and their practices in reporting bullying incidents. Bandura's social learning and Locke's social contract theories served as the study's framework. Teachers were asked to describe behaviors they perceived as bullying and their practices in reporting bullying incidents. A qualitative, bounded, descriptive case study was used to collect interview data from 12 purposefully selected classroom teachers who were tasked with bullying intervention and prevention. Thematic analysis using the lean, open coding strategy was used to analyze the data. Teachers reported observing physical, verbal, and cyber bullying behaviors, credited their bullying knowledge to schoolwide professional development (PD), and believed they recognized bullying behaviors when incidents occurred. Teachers also reported bullying incidents to the principal and to parents if they had a positive relationship with them. Based on these findings, a 4-day PD was designed for teachers to collaboratively develop uniform practices in reporting bullying incidents to parents or guardians. These endeavors may contribute to positive social change by equipping teachers with procedures in reporting bullying incidents; thus, reducing bullying, improving the learning environment, and creating a safer school culture for teachers and students.
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Spalding, Robert Stanley Sturgeon James I. "Businessmen's risk perception in China following the 1999 Chinese Embassy bombing and the 2001 EP-3 incident." Diss., UMK access, 2007.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Economics and Dept. of Mathematics. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2006.
"A dissertation in economics and mathematics." Advisor: James I. Sturgeon. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Dec. 19, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 191-203). Online version of the print edition.
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Morakabati, Y. "Tourism, travel risk and travel risk perceptions : a study of travel risk perceptions and the effects of incidents on tourism." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2007. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/10501/.

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When major incidents occur, whether in the form of natural disasters (for example, Tsunamis, hurricanes) or man-made incidents (such as acts of terrorism or war), there is an impact on travel flows and patterns. These impacts can be in the form of the volume of tourists that flow to a particular area, the characteristics of those tourists and/or the expenditure they make whilst there. The time required for destinations to recover from such incidents and the loss of tourism receipts depends upon a variety of factors such as the nature of the incident, the response of the destination to the incident and the impact that such events have on the travel risk perceptions of tourists. The purpose of this research is to examine the nature,magnitude and direct impacts of a selection of incidents and the time recovery period. Case studies of high profile events such as those that occurred in Egypt, Indonesia, Kenya, Spain, the UK and the USA have been selected because of the relative importance of the events and, to include a broad range of destination types. The incidents that have occurred will be examined through secondary data drawing heavily on related journal articles and the analyses of data that are published by the UNWTO, the World Bank and the relevant national governments. The literature analyses will look at the research that academics have undertaken when looking at specific incidents that occurred in the case study areas and in terms of their effects on tourism in general and to the areas involved. Data from published statistics will be used to examine tourist arrival trends prior to the incidents, immediately following. the incidents and the time period needed for the level of tourism activity to be restored to where it was likely to have been if the incident had not happened. Although the incidents are examined as individual case studies the analyses will also take a chronological approach to examine whether the impacts of major incidents diminishes with exposure to such events. That is, did the earlier terrorist attacks have a greater impact because of their novelty and therefore enhanced shock effect compared with later events even though the latter may have been of greater magnitude? The secondary analyses will also examine aspects such as whether there is a difference in impact if the incidents are specifically targeted at tourists in general rather than tourists of a particular nationality. Whenever events occur they may influence the perception of travellers in terms of the potential risks they face, related risks and how they may impact on the travel decisions of tourists, particularly non-business or discretionary tourists. There is a variety of risks that may influence the travel decisions of tourists including those relating to physical harm, financial loss and also the risk of dissatisfaction from their travel experience. The different types of risks that may influence travel decisions will be examined together with demographic characteristics of the travellers in order to explore whether there are differences in risk averseness between travellers from different countries of origin, age groups, gender, education and occupation. This aspect of the analysis will be driven by primary data analysis in the form of a questionnaire (physical and on-line) that uses both quantitative and qualitative instruments to determine travellers' travel-related risk perceptions and identify regions and countries that are felt to be high risk destinations by type of risk. The perceived risks will also be compared with actual risks as identified by insurance company claims data. Although limited in scope, this aspect of analysis will seek to identify whether travel-related risk perceptions mirror actual risks or whether they are driven by other factors such as media coverage of events. Using the man-made risks as the identifier, the regional aspects of travel-related risk will then be focused to one region of the planet in particular. This region is the Middle East plus some selected countries that share the same issues in relation to tourism development. Countries in this area have been beset by man-made incidents that have deterred the development of tourism in spite of the attractiveness of the region in terms of climate, heritage and culture. A comparative analysis is undertaken to look for commonalities and factors that explain the lack of tourism development in some countries. Using the findings from the secondary and primary data analyses the potential future of the region in general and Iran in particular will be examined using the Delphi technique by drawing upon the collective wisdom of some experts in tourism who have an understanding of tourism development in difficult political areas. Finally the research will attempt to pull all of these strands together to see if there are any identifiable guidelines that may help our understanding of travel related risks and whether there are any lessons that can be learned to inform the policy makers in troubled areas.
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Simms-Pilgrim, Chunita. "Urban Elementary General Teachers' Perceptions of the Inclusion of Students with High-Incidence Disabilities." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13810786.

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The rate of the inclusion of students with high-incidence disabilities in general education classrooms are increasing across the nation. The perceptions of general education teachers on this inclusion have limited revelation within research. More specifically, the perceptions of urban elementary general education teachers on the inclusion of students with high- incidence disabilities is limited. Three significant problems contributed to the need of this dissertation research. The first problem is the limited research used to explore this concept. Most of the literature include methods that have been quantitative studies, which provides a range of responses with little depth to understand the perceptions of teachers. The second problem is the samples that are included in such studies. Samples often include teachers without differentiating between what kinds of teachers (high school, middle school, elementary school, etc.). These samples would provide little depth to understand the perceptions of how participants really feel about the inclusion of students with high-incidence disabilities in their classrooms. The third problem is the targeted population of teachers that are included in studies. Urban, rural and suburban school districts all have different needs and issues. There is limited research that differentiate between the areas of schools and its impact on the perceptions of teachers in these school districts.

The results of a basic qualitative study surrounding the perceptions of urban elementary general education teachers on the inclusion of students with high-incidence disabilities is presented. Twenty urban elementary general education teachers of students with high-incidence disabilities in the general education classroom setting from one school district in the mid-Atlantic region were interviewed to evaluate the perceptions of the inclusion of students with high-incidence disabilities in the general education classroom with their non-disabled peers.

The purposes of this study were to be able: 1) to investigate urban general education teachers’ perceptions and beliefs about the inclusion of students with high-incidence disabilities in their classrooms with their non-disabled peers; 2) to give these teachers an opportunity to share their perceptions on the supports received to meet the demands and challenges of their profession; and 3) to provide recommendations for policies and practices for the inclusion of students with high-incidence disabilities in general education classrooms that can contribute to the preparation and professional development for general education teachers.

The results of the interviews with study participants are outlined in this study. Themes answering three research questions were: described, defined, and supported using quotations from study participants to ensure that themes were grounded in the data. Eight themes emerged from the data that answered three research questions. These themes are: 1) “It was a disservice;” 2) being “set up” for failure both academically and socially; 3) impact of behavior; 4) issues of being stranded; 5) feeling inadequate; 6) reluctant acceptance; 7) flaws in identifying students who need help; and 8) issues of support. Two additional themes emerged from the data that did not answer a research question, but became salient across all participants. These theme addressed the issues and influence of race and socioeconomic status and its influence on perceptions. These two themes are 9) impact of socioeconomic status and privilege, and 10) impact of race. Findings are revealed and discussed. Recommendations for practice, policy, and future research are provided.

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Книги з теми "Perception incidente":

1

Kurasawa, Aiko. September 30 incident: Japanese perception and response. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas, 2016.

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2

Muhammad, Khan Tufail, Asgher Mehmood, Working Group Against Child Sexual Abuse & Exploitation., and Rädda barnen (Society), eds. Confronting reality II: Perceptions and incidence of child sexual abuse in Pakistan, 2007. Peshawar: Child Sexual Abuse & Exploitation; Save the Children Sweden, 2007.

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3

Nebraska. Legislature. Government, Military, and Veterans Affairs Committee., ed. Report on survey of state employees' perceptions and incidence of sexual discrimination and harassment. [Lincoln]: The Committee, 1986.

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4

Denscombe, Martyn. Critical incidents and the perception of risk: Initial findings from a study of young people and health-related behaviour. Leicester: Leicester Business School, De Montfort University, 1998.

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5

Denscombe, Martyn. Critical incidents and the perception of risks: Initial findings from a study of young people and health-related behaviour. Leicester: Leicester Business School, De Montfort University, 1998.

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6

François-Wachter, Daniel. Le mal dans la démocratie américaine: Incidence de la reflexion philosophique sur la perception du mal dans la démocratie américaine. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1995.

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7

Chen, Ajiang, Pengli Cheng, and Yajuan Luo. Chinese "Cancer Villages". Translated by Jennifer Holdaway. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789089647221.

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The phenomenon of "cancer villages" has emerged in many parts of rural China, drawing media attention and becoming a fact of social life. However, the relationship between pollution and disease is often hard to discern. Through sociological analysis of several villages with different social and economic structures, the authors offer a comprehensive, historically grounded analysis of the coexistence between the incidence of cancer, environmental pollution and villagers’ lifestyles, as well as the perceptions, claims and responses of different actors. They situate the appearance of "cancer villages" in the context of social, economic and cultural change in China, tracing the evolution of the issue over two decades, and providing deep insights into the complex interactions and trade-offs between economic growth, environmental change and public health.
8

Kim, Hyŏn-ju. T'ot'emijŭm ŭi hŭnjŏk ŭl ch'ajasŏ: Tongmul e kwanhan yasaengjŏk tamnon ŭi kogohak. 8th ed. Sŏul T'ŭkpyŏlsi: Sŏgang Taehakkyo Ch'ulp'anbu, 2009.

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9

Kennedy, Gregory C., and Keith Neilson, eds. Incidents and International Relations. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400669453.

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Historians often ignore, treat cursorily, or relegate to footnotes specific incidents in international relations in order to facilitate the construction of a larger narrative. The contributors to this volume argue that researchers do so to their peril, as individual or seemingly isolated incidents can play significant roles in the overall course of history. Incidents are crucial in determining the mental maps that decision makers form regarding the countries and individuals with whom they interact. Incidents can either initiate or block new policies with consequences that are both far-reaching and unexpected. People make foreign policy and an understanding of what elements of an incident were important to these individuals at key points essential to an appreciation of policies subsequently advocated. How individuals view other cultures and nations, how they react to the actions of such nations, and their perceptions of such actions all form key components in this study. Using a variety of examples, these essays show the value of detailed examinations of events, illuminating such matters as British policy in the Far East, French imperial policy, Italian military actions in the interwar period, British attitudes toward Hitler, and the effect of the Soviet Union on British thinking in the 1930s.
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A profile of teachers' perceptions using the human relations incident: A case study. 1988.

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1

Nkuba, Michael Robert, Raban Chanda, Gagoitseope Mmopelwa, Akintayo Adedoyin, Margaret Najjingo Mangheni, David Lesolle, and Edward Kato. "Indigenous and Scientific Forecasts on Climate Change Perceptions of Arable Farmers: Rwenzori Region, Western Uganda." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1685–703. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_113.

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AbstractDespite the dissemination of climate information from national meteorological systems, arable farmers still have challenges of dealing with climate-related risks. This study investigated the effect of using indigenous knowledge-based forecasts (IFs) and scientific knowledge-based forecasts (SFs) on the climate change perceptions of arable farmers in the Rwenzori region, Western Uganda. Data on socio-economic characteristics, use of forecasts, and climate change perceptions was collected from 580 arable farmers and the probit model was used in the analysis. The findings indicated that use of IFs only increased the likelihood of perceiving increase in the frequency in occurrences of droughts and floods. Using both SFs and IFs had a significant positive effect on perception of unpredictable rains and the increase in drought incidence among arable farmers. Although forecasts are important drivers of perceptions, other factors, such as gender, social capital, and dissemination of climate change information by radio, enhance climate change perceptions. Active participation of arable farmers in the dissemination of forecasts by national meteorological services could improve perceptions of climate related risks.
2

Singh, Alka, Venkatesh Palanisamy, Renjini Valiyaveettil Raman, Praveen Koovalamkadu Velayudhan, and Ashok Kumar Singh. "Exploring the Prevalence of Undernutrition and Consumers’ Knowledge, Preferences, and Willingness to Pay for Biofortified Food." In India Studies in Business and Economics, 171–209. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4413-2_7.

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AbstractIn this chapter, the prevalence of child and adult malnutrition in India is assessed using the latest National Family Health Survey-5 (2019–21) data. Though the country has made a moderate improvement in reducing the incidence of stunting, wasting, and underweight in children and the incidence of thin adults, the issue of obesity and anaemia has emerged as significant concerns. We identified the northern and southern regions of the country to be better nourished in general than the eastern and western regions and pointed out the malnutrition hotspots using district-level maps. The determinants of malnutrition incidences are identified using multivariate regression analysis. Among different methods to combat the issue of malnutrition, biofortification is a promising one. We estimated the potential of biofortified crops to improve the nutritional outcomes in children and women using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Further, an ex ante health benefits assessment of biofortification was done using rice biofortification with zinc and iron. Finally, since awareness and perception are crucial in improving the adoption of biofortified crops, we extracted the consumer perception of biofortification and their willingness to pay through a cross-sectional survey.
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Greene, Molly. "An Incident at Damietta: 1733." In Interfaith Relationships and Perceptions of the Other in the Medieval Mediterranean, 331–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83997-0_12.

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4

Ahmad, Norazrin Azwani, Masine Md. Tap, Ardiyansyah Syahrom, and Jafri Mohd. Rohani. "Human Perception of Slipperiness Through Measured COF." In Quantitative and Qualitative Factors that Leads to Slip and Fall Incidents, 33–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3286-8_4.

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5

Kavi Kumar, K. S., Zareena Begum, and Sukanya Das. "Non-tariff Barriers in Textiles: Incidence and Perceptions." In A Study of India's Textile Exports and Environmental Regulations, 73–92. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6295-7_5.

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6

Corrochano, Eduardo Bayro. "Lie Algebras and Algebra of Incidence Using the Null Cone and Affine Plane." In Geometric Computing for Perception Action Systems, 39–66. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0177-6_3.

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7

Corrado, Jonathan K. "Nuclear Incident Severity Determination and Public and Industry Perception of Incidents and the Impact This Has on Nuclear Power's Future." In Technology, Human Performance, and Nuclear Facilities, 11–22. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003346265-2.

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8

Hayes, Helen A., Nicole Goodman, R. Michael McGregor, Zachary Spicer, and Scott Pruysers. "The Effect of Exogenous Shocks on the Administration of Online Voting: Evidence from Ontario, Canada." In Electronic Voting, 70–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15911-4_5.

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AbstractThis paper examines the impact of two exogenous shocks – a 2018 technical incident that took place in Ontario, Canada, and the COVID-19 pandemic – on the administration of local elections in Ontario. Drawing upon survey and focus group data, this paper concludes that these two exogenous shocks affected the perception and adoption of online voting on the municipal level in differential ways. We find that the COVID-19 pandemic had a greater perceived effect upon the decision to adopt online voting than the 2018 technical incident. However, the perceived effects of the 2018 technical incident were just as likely to be felt in unaffected municipalities as they were in those that had been directly affected. Municipalities that had not used online voting in 2018 and medium-sized cities were more negatively affected by the 2018 technical incident. In contrast, the perceived effects of the COVID-19 pandemic did not hinge upon the previous use of online voting, city size, or the urban/rural divide.
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Lara, Daniela Vanessa Rodriguez, and Antônio Nélson Rodrigues da Silva. "A Spatial Analysis of Crime Incidence and Security Perception Around a University Campus." In Urban Informatics and Future Cities, 575–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76059-5_28.

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10

Park, Chang Sup, and Barbara K. Kaye. "What's This? Incidental Exposure to News on Social Media, News-Finds-Me Perception, News Efficacy, and News Consumption." In Social Media News and Its Impact, 98–121. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003179580-6.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Perception incidente":

1

Williams, Lauren, Megan Mills, Ann Carrigan, Anina Rich, and Trafton Drew. "Experience does not protect against missed incidental-findings in radiology." In Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment, edited by Claudia R. Mello-Thoms and Sian Taylor-Phillips. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2607316.

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2

Kumar Murukannaiah, Pradeep, Jessica Staddon, Heather Lipford, and Bart Knijnenburg. "(Work in Progress) Is this a privacy incident? Using News Exemplars to Study End User Perceptions of Privacy Incidents." In Workshop on Usable Security. Reston, VA: Internet Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.14722/usec.2017.23030.

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3

Rad, Dana, Alina Roman, Tiberiu Dughi, Edgar Demeter, and Gavril Rad. "The dynamics of the relationship between just-for-fun online harassment and perceived school safety." In INNODOCT 2019. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/inn2019.2019.10233.

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Our research team has developed the project Keeping youth safe from Cyberbullying under Erasmus+, that aims to deeper understand the dynamics of cyberbullying in online environments among youth, to develop educational resources for professionals involved in youth activities in order to prevent these type behaviours, to develop youth skills to protect themselves from cyberbullying and to disseminate findings among educational professionals. A 7 section online questionnaire was designed, aiming to gather descriptive data, general perception about the frequency and typology of cyberbullying type incidents, perceptions about the safety of the educational environment and parental support and an auto evaluation scale centred on self-efficacy perceptions. Data was collected from 92 participants. Present’s study interest is in analysing the relationship between perceived school safety and just-for-fun online harassment. In order to test our hypothesis that assumes that between perceived school safety and just-for-fun online harassment there is a dynamic relationship, we have used a confirmatory factor analysis, based on multiple regression analysis for curvilinear effects. Results confirm the dynamic relationship between perceived school safety and just-for-fun online harassment, meaning that the poorer and as well as the stronger school safety is perceived, just-for-fun online harassment is present in educational contexts; a fair school safety perception intrigues an almost non-existent just-for-fun online harassment among pupils/students. Qualitative results and cyberbullying prevention strategies are discussed.
4

Yunusa-Kaltungo, Akilu, Rukaiyatu Mohammed Jungudo, Srija Ray, and Idowu Sokunbi. "How Do Maintenance Personnel Perceive Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Risks During Major Overhauls, Outages, Shutdowns or Turnarounds (MoOSTs)? An Examination of the Nigerian Cement Industry." In ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2022-89020.

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Abstract Asset management activities such as periodic overhauls are crucial for ensuring asset integrity and workplace safety. However, lessons learned from previous major industrial accidents across various high-risks industries have indicated that the perception of occupational safety and health (OSH) risks of maintenance personnel during major overhauls, outages, shutdowns and turnarounds (MoOSTs) are common denominators and precursors to several accidents. This is typically owing to several factors especially the fusion of all classes of routine maintenance tasks on enormous scales and the integration of a very diverse workforce (client, regulators, original equipment manufacturers, and various contracting firms) that possess very different safety cultures, which in turn compound overall risk profiles of job sites and the likelihood of accidents. Therefore, developing a good understanding of the risks perceptions and attitudes of MoOSTs workers towards can help improve overall OSH performance. Although several studies have investigated the subject of safety culture and climate in the context of projects especially engineering, procurement and construction (EPCs), however, studies and use cases on MoOSTs are significantly underrepresented, despite their impacts on costs, employment and wellbeing. This study therefore aims to advocate a safety culture that would boost OSH performance during MoOSTs through the development and deployment of safety climate questionnaire survey to MoOSTs workers of leading cement manufacturing operations in Nigeria. The study revealed “training and learning from incidents”, “commitment of senior management towards ensuring safety and its protocol deployment process”, and “effectiveness of incident reporting systems during MoOSTs” as the three main underlying safety climate factors.
5

Kaur, Rajveer, Lavlesh Pensia, Omendra Singh, Bhargab Das, and Raj Kumar. "Study of wavelength dependency on diffraction efficiency of volume holographic gratings based couplers in waveguide displays." In 3D Image Acquisition and Display: Technology, Perception and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/3d.2022.jw2a.47.

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6

Soubra, Mohamad, Marek Kisiel-Dorohinicki, Marcin Kurdziel, and Marek Zachara. "Incident Detection with Pruned Residual Multilayer Perceptron Networks." In 18th Conference on Computer Science and Intelligence Systems. IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15439/2023f6021.

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Petrov, N. I., Yu M. Sokolov, V. V. Stoiakin, V. A. Danilov, V. V. Popov, and B. A. Usievich. "Measurement of Angular Goos-Hanchen Shift in Subwavelength Gratings near Surface Plasmon Resonance." In 3D Image Acquisition and Display: Technology, Perception and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/3d.2022.jw2a.33.

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The angular Goos-Hanchen shift in subwavelength gratings is investigated theoretically and experimentally. Splitting of the reflected beam into two angularly separated beams is shown for strongly focused beam incident at the surface plasmon resonance angle.
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Yamaguchi, Ryuki, Tomoyoshi Inoue, Asuka Tsuji, Kenzo Nishio, Toshihiro Kubota, Sudheesh K. Rajput, and Yasuhiko Awatsuji. "Relation between frame rate and incident angle of light pulse to image sensor in digital light-in-flight recording by holography." In 3D Image Acquisition and Display: Technology, Perception and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/3d.2023.jtu4a.27.

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Frame rate of digital light-in-flight recording by holography is estimated from the incident angle of light pulse to the image sensor and the number of sub-holograms in the whole hologram recorded with a single-shot pulse.
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Kishinami, Kohei, Shiro Suyama, and Hirotsugu Yamamoto. "Relationship Between Blend-Ratio of the Face Image and the Incident Angle for Spatial Blending of Aerial Images." In 3D Image Acquisition and Display: Technology, Perception and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/3d.2023.jtu4a.36.

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This paper clarifies relationship between the blend-ratio of the blended face images in spatial blending optics using aerial imaging by retro-reflection and the incident angle of light rays at which each proportional aerial image can be observed.
10

Song, Hwapyeong, and Sanghoon Lee. "Implementation of Diabetes Incidence Prediction Using a Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669583.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Perception incidente":

1

Farhan, Jakub Ali, Piotr Kaczyński, and Maciej Perkowski. Public Perception of Healthy Food in The Light of Interdisciplinary Scientific Certainty. Survey report. Wydawnictwo Prawo i Partnerstwo, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/pphflisc.2023.

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In recent years, an alarming trend in the rising incidence of non-communicable diseases has led to increased interest in the issue of so-called "healthy food". Despite the enormity of food regulation, the concept of "healthy food" is not framed in any legal framework, and the public's understanding of it is uneven. So what is "healthy food" according to the public? This report contains the results of a survey aimed at answering this question. The survey consisted of two parts - on the one hand, a representative sample of 1,041 people was surveyed, and on the other hand, 100 food entrepreneurs were surveyed. The obtained results of the survey provide the research team with a starting point for further interdisciplinary research (legal sciences, chemical sciences, medical sciences) in the "healthy food" problem area.
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Drury, J., S. Arias, T. Au-Yeung, D. Barr, L. Bell, T. Butler, H. Carter, et al. Public behaviour in response to perceived hostile threats: an evidence base and guide for practitioners and policymakers. University of Sussex, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20919/vjvt7448.

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Background: Public behaviour and the new hostile threats • Civil contingencies planning and preparedness for hostile threats requires accurate and up to date knowledge about how the public might behave in relation to such incidents. Inaccurate understandings of public behaviour can lead to dangerous and counterproductive practices and policies. • There is consistent evidence across both hostile threats and other kinds of emergencies and disasters that significant numbers of those affected give each other support, cooperate, and otherwise interact socially within the incident itself. • In emergency incidents, competition among those affected occurs in only limited situations, and loss of behavioural control is rare. • Spontaneous cooperation among the public in emergency incidents, based on either social capital or emergent social identity, is a crucial part of civil contingencies planning. • There has been relatively little research on public behaviour in response to the new hostile threats of the past ten years, however. • The programme of work summarized in this briefing document came about in response to a wave of false alarm flight incidents in the 2010s, linked to the new hostile threats (i.e., marauding terrorist attacks). • By using a combination of archive data for incidents in Great Britain 2010-2019, interviews, video data analysis, and controlled experiments using virtual reality technology, we were able to examine experiences, measure behaviour, and test hypotheses about underlying psychological mechanisms in both false alarms and public interventions against a hostile threat. Re-visiting the relationship between false alarms and crowd disasters • The Bethnal Green tube disaster of 1943, in which 173 people died, has historically been used to suggest that (mis)perceived hostile threats can lead to uncontrolled ‘stampedes’. • Re-analysis of witness statements suggests that public fears of Germany bombs were realistic rather than unreasonable, and that flight behaviour was socially structured rather than uncontrolled. • Evidence for a causal link between the flight of the crowd and the fatal crowd collapse is weak at best. • Altogether, the analysis suggests the importance of examining people’s beliefs about context to understand when they might interpret ambiguous signals as a hostile threat, and that. Tthe concepts of norms and relationships offer better ways to explain such incidents than ‘mass panic’. Why false alarms occur • The wider context of terrorist threat provides a framing for the public’s perception of signals as evidence of hostile threats. In particular, the magnitude of recent psychologically relevant terrorist attacks predicts likelihood of false alarm flight incidents. • False alarms in Great Britain are more likely to occur in those towns and cities that have seen genuine terrorist incidents. • False alarms in Great Britain are more likely to occur in the types of location where terrorist attacks happen, such as shopping areass, transport hubs, and other crowded places. • The urgent or flight behaviour of other people (including the emergency services) influences public perceptions that there is a hostile threat, particularly in situations of greater ambiguity, and particularly when these other people are ingroup. • High profile tweets suggesting a hostile threat, including from the police, have been associated with the size and scale of false alarm responses. • In most cases, it is a combination of factors – context, others’ behaviour, communications – that leads people to flee. A false alarm tends not to be sudden or impulsive, and often follows an initial phase of discounting threat – as with many genuine emergencies. 2.4 How the public behave in false alarm flight incidents • Even in those false alarm incidents where there is urgent flight, there are also other behaviours than running, including ignoring the ‘threat’, and walking away. • Injuries occur but recorded injuries are relatively uncommon. • Hiding is a common behaviour. In our evidence, this was facilitated by orders from police and offers from people staff in shops and other premises. • Supportive behaviours are common, including informational and emotional support. • Members of the public often cooperate with the emergency services and comply with their orders but also question instructions when the rationale is unclear. • Pushing, trampling and other competitive behaviour can occur,s but only in restricted situations and briefly. • At the Oxford Street Black Friday 2017 false alarm, rather than an overall sense of unity across the crowd, camaraderie existed only in pockets. This was likely due to the lack of a sense of common fate or reference point across the incident; the fragmented experience would have hindered the development of a shared social identity across the crowd. • Large and high profile false alarm incidents may be associated with significant levels of distress and even humiliation among those members of the public affected, both at the time and in the aftermath, as the rest of society reflects and comments on the incident. Public behaviour in response to visible marauding attackers • Spontaneous, coordinated public responses to marauding bladed attacks have been observed on a number of occasions. • Close examination of marauding bladed attacks suggests that members of the public engage in a wide variety of behaviours, not just flight. • Members of the public responding to marauding bladed attacks adopt a variety of complementary roles. These, that may include defending, communicating, first aid, recruiting others, marshalling, negotiating, risk assessment, and evidence gathering. Recommendations for practitioners and policymakers • Embed the psychology of public behaviour in emergencies in your training and guidance. • Continue to inform the public and promote public awareness where there is an increased threat. • Build long-term relations with the public to achieve trust and influence in emergency preparedness. • Use a unifying language and supportive forms of communication to enhance unity both within the crowd and between the crowd and the authorities. • Authorities and responders should take a reflexive approach to their responses to possible hostile threats, by reflecting upon how their actions might be perceived by the public and impact (positively and negatively) upon public behaviour. • To give emotional support, prioritize informative and actionable risk and crisis communication over emotional reassurances. • Provide first aid kits in transport infrastructures to enable some members of the public more effectively to act as zero responders.
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Bergeron, Diane, Kylie Rochford, and Melissa Cooper. Actions Speak Louder Than (Listening to) Words. Center for Creative Leadership, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35613/ccl.2023.2055.

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This Research Insights paper challenges the assumption that ‘good’ listening behaviors are sufficient to make employees feel listened to (which we refer to as felt listening, i.e., the holistic perception of feeling listened to). In Study 1, using 133 qualitative critical incidents, we explored leader behaviors that make employees feel listened to (or not) when they speak up to leaders at work. In Study 2, in an experiment with 187 employees, we examined the role of leader responses to employee voice on employee perceptions of felt listening and how leader responses influence employees’ intentions to speak up again in the future. Overall, our findings augment some of the oft-given advice about how leaders should listen. We highlight four key findings: Action matters. Overwhelmingly, how leaders respond (by taking action or not taking action) surfaced consistently as a critical factor in whether employees feel listened to. It’s not just how well leaders listen – it’s what they do about what they hear. Leader responses influence whether employees feel listened to and if they will speak up again in the future. When leaders act on employee voice, employees feel listened to and are more likely to raise suggestions, concerns and ideas in the future. When leaders do not take action, employees do not feel listened to and are less likely to speak up again. Employee judgments of leader listening include longer term assessments of leader actions. Employees view listening as a relational process. Their retrospective perceptions of leader listening include both listening behaviors in the moment as well as later, longer term assessments about whether the leader took any action on what was voiced. Beyond action, leaders need to pay attention to demonstrating other listening ‘signals.’ If leaders want to elicit more employee voice but cannot act on the specific idea or suggestion, they need to send other signals. These can include validating employees, supporting or engaging with employee ideas and suggestions, endorsing ideas and concerns, and making time to listen.
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Лукаш, ,. Людмила Вікторівна. The didactic model of education of the future elementary school teachers to activities for the prevention of violations of children’s posture. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wyzszej Szkoly Informatyki i Umiejetnosci, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1459.

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The state of musculoskeletal system incidence of pupils of secondary schools remains a pressing problem in all regions of Ukraine, in spite of significant achievements in this direction. The determination of the readiness of teachers and senior students of pedagogical college for implementation of health-keeping technologies, which are aimed at creating a physiological posture of schoolchildren, to the educational process was conducted by our questioning method. 95% of teachers and 77.6% of students (according to polls) need methodological assistance for effective use of health-keeping technologies. We consider the main task of high school to be an optimization of the informational flow regarding health-keeping during the educational process and adaptation of the ways of presenting information to the perception of modern youth. The self-education has a great value for getting mastery, so it is necessary that a student or a teacher could have a wide access to both literature and electronic media. The Internet conferences, Internet sites, electronic textbooks, computer programs will be useful.
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Ogunbire, Abimbola, Panick Kalambay, Hardik Gajera, and Srinivas Pulugurtha. Deep Learning, Machine Learning, or Statistical Models for Weather-related Crash Severity Prediction. Mineta Transportation Institute, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2023.2320.

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Nearly 5,000 people are killed and more than 418,000 are injured in weather-related traffic incidents each year. Assessments of the effectiveness of statistical models applied to crash severity prediction compared to machine learning (ML) and deep learning techniques (DL) help researchers and practitioners know what models are most effective under specific conditions. Given the class imbalance in crash data, the synthetic minority over-sampling technique for nominal (SMOTE-N) data was employed to generate synthetic samples for the minority class. The ordered logit model (OLM) and the ordered probit model (OPM) were evaluated as statistical models, while random forest (RF) and XGBoost were evaluated as ML models. For DL, multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and TabNet were evaluated. The performance of these models varied across severity levels, with property damage only (PDO) predictions performing the best and severe injury predictions performing the worst. The TabNet model performed best in predicting severe injury and PDO crashes, while RF was the most effective in predicting moderate injury crashes. However, all models struggled with severe injury classification, indicating the potential need for model refinement and exploration of other techniques. Hence, the choice of model depends on the specific application and the relative costs of false negatives and false positives. This conclusion underscores the need for further research in this area to improve the prediction accuracy of severe and moderate injury incidents, ultimately improving available data that can be used to increase road safety.
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Wan, Wilfred, and Nivedita Raju. Escalation Risks at the Space–Nuclear Nexus. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/fzdw6296.

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Space systems are essential for nuclear and non-nuclear missions for China, Russia and the United States, with the space domain central in their national security strategies. Amid the strategic competition and rivalry between the three states, their threat perceptions exhibit unprecedented levels of worst-case scenario thinking, signalling a preparedness to respond with force in case of attacks or incidents involving space systems. Escalation risks in outer space, even possibly extending to the use of nuclear weapons, thus appear to be growing, especially as the deterrent role of such weapons is expanding to account for more capabilities with strategic effect. While different variables will impact escalation dynamics at the intersection of outer space, nuclear weapons and related systems (the ‘space–nuclear nexus’), some factors clearly contribute to the risk of escalation. These include strategic ambiguity and unclear red lines on what actions could result in potential nuclear retaliation. These fuzzy red lines are further blurred by the many uncertainties in space operations, such as congestion of orbits, considerations of potential civilian harm, the role of commercial actors in space, and the integration of artificial intelligence into space systems. Additional space–nuclear-related risk reduction measures are therefore vital. This paper proposes measures at the multilateral, bilateral and unilateral levels for China, Russia and the USA to consider.
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Harris, Gregory, Brooke Hatchell, Davelin Woodard, and Dwayne Accardo. Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine for Reduction of Postoperative Delirium in the Elderly: A Scoping Review. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0010.

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Background/Purpose: Post-operative delirium leads to significant morbidity in elderly patients, yet there is no regimen to prevent POD. Opioid use in the elderly surgical population is of the most significant risk factors for developing POD. The purpose of this scoping review is to recognize that Dexmedetomidine mitigates cognitive dysfunction secondary to acute pain and the use of narcotic analgesia by decreasing the amount of norepinephrine (an excitatory neurotransmitter) released during times of stress. This mechanism of action also provides analgesia through decreased perception and modulation of pain. Methods: The authors developed eligibility criteria for inclusion of articles and performed a systematic search of several databases. Each of the authors initially selected five articles for inclusion in the scoping review. We created annotated literature tables for easy screening by co-authors. After reviewing the annotated literature table four articles were excluded, leaving 11 articles for inclusion in the scoping review. There were six level I meta-analysis/systematic reviews, four level II randomized clinical trials, and one level IV qualitative research article. Next, we created a data-charting form on Microsoft Word for extraction of data items and synthesis of results. Results: Two of the studies found no significant difference in POD between dexmedetomidine groups and control groups. The nine remaining studies noted decreases in the rate, duration, and risk of POD in the groups receiving dexmedetomidine either intraoperatively or postoperatively. Multiple studies found secondary benefits in addition to decreased POD, such as a reduction of tachycardia, hypertension, stroke, hypoxemia, and narcotic use. One study, however, found that the incidence of hypotension and bradycardia were increased among the elderly population. Implications for Nursing Practice: Surgery is a tremendous stressor in any age group, but especially the elderly population. It has been shown postoperative delirium occurs in 17-61% of major surgery procedures with 30-40% of the cases assumed to be preventable. Opioid administration in the elderly surgical population is one of the most significant risk factors for developing POD. With anesthesia practice already leaning towards opioid-free and opioid-limited anesthetic, the incorporation of dexmedetomidine could prove to be a valuable resource in both reducing opioid use and POD in the elderly surgical population. Although more research is needed, the current evidence is promising.
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van den Boogaard, Vanessa, and Fabrizio Santoro. Explaining Informal Taxation and Revenue Generation: Evidence from south-central Somalia. Institute of Development Studies, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.003.

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Most people in low-income countries contribute substantially to the financing of local public goods through informal revenue generation (IRG). However, very little is known about how IRG works in practice. We produce novel evidence on the magnitude and regressivity of IRG and its relationship with the state in a fragile context, Somalia. We rely on original data from surveys with over 2,300 households and 117 community leaders in Gedo region, as well as on extensive qualitative research. We first show that IRG is prevalent. Over 70 per cent of households report paying at least one informal tax or fee in the previous year, representing on average 9.5 per cent of annual income. We also find that, among households that contribute, poorer ones contribute larger amounts than richer ones, with higher incidence in relation to their income. Further, in line with theory and expectations, informal payments have inequitable community-level effects, with individuals in wealthier communities making more informal payments than in poorer ones and, correspondingly, having access to a greater number of public goods. We then consider four explanations for the prevalence of IRG. First, IRG clearly fills gaps left by weak state capacity. Relatedly, we show that IRG can bolster perceptions and legitimacy of the state, indicating that sub-national governments may actually benefit from informal taxation. Second, informal taxing authorities are more effective tax collectors than the state, with informal taxing authorities having greater legitimacy and taxpayers perceiving informal payments to be fairer than those levied by the state. Third, dispelling the possibility that informal payments should be classified as user fees, taxpayers overwhelmingly expect nothing in return for their contributions. Fourth, in contrast to hypotheses that informal payments may be voluntary, taxpayers associate informal payments with punishment and informal institutions of enforcement. Our research reinforces the importance of IRG to public goods provision in weak formal institutional contexts, to everyday citizens, and to policymakers attempting to extend the influence of the federal state in south-central Somalia. Foremost, informal tax institutions need to be incorporated within analyses of taxation, service delivery, social protection, and equity. At the same time, our findings of the complementary nature of IRG and district-level governance and of the relative efficiency of revenue generation by local leaders have important implications for understanding statebuilding processes from below. Indeed, our findings suggest that governments may have little incentive to extend their taxing authority in some fragile contexts.
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Survey of health and social care setting food businesses on implementation of the FSA Listeriosis Guidance. Food Standards Agency, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.djg946.

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Food safety is a crucial component of protecting the wellbeing of those in the care of health and social care organisations. Incidents, such as the 2019 listeriosis outbreak associated with pre-packed sandwiches supplied to hospitals in England, from which seven patients died of listeriosis, underline the risk of the disease and the serious consequences that a breach in standards can have. Vulnerable consumers - whose immune systems are weakened in some way - are particularly susceptible to listeriosis and the disease has a high hospitalisation and fatality rate, compared to infections with other bacterial pathogens. The bacterium which causes listeriosis, Listeria monocytogenes, is acutely challenging to control as it has the potential to grow at low temperatures and can survive freezing. As such, L. monocytogenes must be controlled in any health or social care (HSC) organisation that provides chilled ready-to-eat food for vulnerable groups. The Food Standards Agency (FSA) guidance on ‘Reducing the risk of vulnerable groups contracting listeriosis (Opens in a new window)’ concentrates on preventing the spread of listeriosis, from preparation to consumption, in chilled ready-to-eat food. The review set up following the 2019 listeriosis outbreak - the Independent Review of NHS Hospital Food (Opens in a new window), contained recommendations on food safety for NHS trusts to take on board. The FSA also committed to assess its own guidance in response to the 2019 outbreak. Social research was commissioned as part of the FSA’s response. This report covers findings from 39 respondents within NHS Trusts and 445 from Health and Social Care (HSC) (non- NHS Trust) settings, such as nursing homes, home care service providers and hospices, in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The research objectives for the surveys of health and social care settings and NHS Trusts were to: Measure awareness of the FSA guidance on listeriosis Find out how well the FSA guidance on listeriosis is implemented Understand barriers to implementing the guidance in full Understand good practice in implementing the guidance Understand HSC stakeholders’ perceptions of the effectiveness and suitability of the guidance
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Payment Systems Report - June of 2021. Banco de la República, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-sist-pag.eng.2021.

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Banco de la República provides a comprehensive overview of Colombia’s finan¬cial infrastructure in its Payment Systems Report, which is an important product of the work it does to oversee that infrastructure. The figures published in this edition of the report are for the year 2020, a pandemic period in which the con¬tainment measures designed and adopted to alleviate the strain on the health system led to a sharp reduction in economic activity and consumption in Colom¬bia, as was the case in most countries. At the start of the pandemic, the Board of Directors of Banco de la República adopted decisions that were necessary to supply the market with ample liquid¬ity in pesos and US dollars to guarantee market stability, protect the payment system and preserve the supply of credit. The pronounced growth in mone¬tary aggregates reflected an increased preference for liquidity, which Banco de la República addressed at the right time. These decisions were implemented through operations that were cleared and settled via the financial infrastructure. The second section of this report, following the introduction, offers an analysis of how the various financial infrastructures in Colombia have evolved and per¬formed. One of the highlights is the large-value payment system (CUD), which registered more momentum in 2020 than during the previous year, mainly be¬cause of an increase in average daily remunerated deposits made with Banco de la República by the General Directorate of Public Credit and the National Treasury (DGCPTN), as well as more activity in the sell/buy-back market with sovereign debt. Consequently, with more activity in the CUD, the Central Securi¬ties Depository (DCV) experienced an added impetus sparked by an increase in the money market for bonds and securities placed on the primary market by the national government. The value of operations cleared and settled through the Colombian Central Counterparty (CRCC) continues to grow, propelled largely by peso/dollar non-deliverable forward (NDF) contracts. With respect to the CRCC, it is important to note this clearing house has been in charge of managing risks and clearing and settling operations in the peso/dollar spot market since the end of last year, following its merger with the Foreign Exchange Clearing House of Colombia (CCDC). Since the final quarter of 2020, the CRCC has also been re¬sponsible for clearing and settlement in the equities market, which was former¬ly done by the Colombian Stock Exchange (BVC). The third section of this report provides an all-inclusive view of payments in the market for goods and services; namely, transactions carried out by members of the public and non-financial institutions. During the pandemic, inter- and intra-bank electronic funds transfers, which originate mostly with companies, increased in both the number and value of transactions with respect to 2019. However, debit and credit card payments, which are made largely by private citizens, declined compared to 2019. The incidence of payment by check contin¬ue to drop, exhibiting quite a pronounced downward trend during the past last year. To supplement to the information on electronic funds transfers, section three includes a segment (Box 4) characterizing the population with savings and checking accounts, based on data from a survey by Banco de la República con-cerning the perception of the use of payment instruments in 2019. There also is segment (Box 2) on the growth in transactions with a mobile wallet provided by a company specialized in electronic deposits and payments (Sedpe). It shows the number of users and the value of their transactions have increased since the wallet was introduced in late 2017, particularly during the pandemic. In addition, there is a diagnosis of the effects of the pandemic on the payment patterns of the population, based on data related to the use of cash in circu¬lation, payments with electronic instruments, and consumption and consumer confidence. The conclusion is that the collapse in the consumer confidence in¬dex and the drop in private consumption led to changes in the public’s pay¬ment patterns. Credit and debit card purchases were down, while payments for goods and services through electronic funds transfers increased. These findings, coupled with the considerable increase in cash in circulation, might indicate a possible precautionary cash hoarding by individuals and more use of cash as a payment instrument. There is also a segment (in Focus 3) on the major changes introduced in regulations on the retail-value payment system in Colombia, as provided for in Decree 1692 of December 2020. The fourth section of this report refers to the important innovations and tech¬nological changes that have occurred in the retail-value payment system. Four themes are highlighted in this respect. The first is a key point in building the financial infrastructure for instant payments. It involves of the design and im¬plementation of overlay schemes, a technological development that allows the various participants in the payment chain to communicate openly. The result is a high degree of interoperability among the different payment service providers. The second topic explores developments in the international debate on central bank digital currency (CBDC). The purpose is to understand how it could impact the retail-value payment system and the use of cash if it were to be issued. The third topic is related to new forms of payment initiation, such as QR codes, bio¬metrics or near field communication (NFC) technology. These seemingly small changes can have a major impact on the user’s experience with the retail-value payment system. The fourth theme is the growth in payments via mobile tele¬phone and the internet. The report ends in section five with a review of two papers on applied research done at Banco de la República in 2020. The first analyzes the extent of the CRCC’s capital, acknowledging the relevant role this infrastructure has acquired in pro¬viding clearing and settlement services for various financial markets in Colom¬bia. The capital requirements defined for central counterparties in some jurisdic¬tions are explored, and the risks to be hedged are identified from the standpoint of the service these type of institutions offer to the market and those associated with their corporate activity. The CRCC’s capital levels are analyzed in light of what has been observed in the European Union’s regulations, and the conclusion is that the CRCC has a scheme of security rings very similar to those applied internationally and the extent of its capital exceeds what is stipulated in Colombian regulations, being sufficient to hedge other risks. The second study presents an algorithm used to identify and quantify the liquidity sources that CUD’s participants use under normal conditions to meet their daily obligations in the local financial market. This algorithm can be used as a tool to monitor intraday liquidity. Leonardo Villar Gómez Governor

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