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1
Nicholas, Lionel John. "The development of a university-based sex counselling programme in the age of AIDS." University of the Western Cape, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8447.
Анотація:
Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThe sexual behaviours, attitudes, beliefs and communication of 1896 black first-year university students were examined by means of a structured questionnaire for their contribution to the development of a university-based sex counselling programme. The areas of sexuality investigated included intra-familial communication about contraception and sexuality, belief in sex myths, knowledge of and myths about AIDS and the manner of acquisition of sex knowledge. The results of this study are consistent in reflecting much greater deficits in the knowledge of respondents about sexuality than encountered in the literature. Statistically significant gender differences were found for intra-familial communication about contraception, prejudice towards AIDS victims, knowledge of the modes of HIV infection, prejudice towards homosexuals, belief in myths about sexuality, age at which sex information was acquired, the preferred source of information about sexuality, attitude towards pre-marital intercourse, experience of pre-marital intercourse, belief about the acceptability of abortion, experience of pre-marital intercourse and worry about masturbation. No gender differences were found for belief in myths about high-risk AIDS infection, exposure to sex information within educational institutions and approval of sex education. The statistically significant gender differences which were found for most of the questionnaire items reflect the different sexual socialization experiences of respondents. Male and female students may therefore require counselling interventions geared to their respective needs Concern about AIDS has become central to university student sexual behaviour as well as protection against rape and sexual harassment and male responsibility for contraception. All campus counsellors will eventually experience the impact of AIDS and other sexually·transmitted diseases in their sessions with clients. Sexual harassment, rape, contraceptive failure and abortion will also increasingly impact on counselling sessions and require the university-based counsellor's involvement in broader university-wide prevention programmes as well as group based interventions. The development of a university-based sex counselling programme requires comprehensive interventions ranging from individual counselling to human sexuality courses. An awareness of the high profile sexuality problems as perceived by students, is essential for the development of preventive programmes at the group and academic class level as well as at the level of inf luencing uni versi ty policy. Knowledge of the merits of different theoretical positions and interventions for particular sexual problems is crucial for counselling intervention or referral. A systemic model of intervention for sexuality problems is proposed. The task of university-based sex counselling programmes is made more onerous by the paucity and ineffectiveness of sex information students are exposed to, the lack of sex education in the schools and the inadequate quality and degree of intrafamilial communication about sexuality. A significant proportion of respondents engage in pre-marital sexual intercourse without the benefit of adequate sex knowledge. The results of this study emphasize the need for research on the sexuality of, black South Africans, the particular vulnerabilities of first-year university students to sexuality problems and the dire need for structured sex education programmes at school as well as university.
2
Kim, In Soo. "A quantitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for polychlorinated biphenyls in transformer oil." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323838.
3
Leung, Sau-man Sally. "Serodiagnostic utility of an ELISA assay based on a recombinant antigen MP1 of penicillium marneffei." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2337309X.
4
Lupica, Samuel J. "Nitrate Toxicity to Common Carp Measured Noninvasively by Novel Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Cortisol." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1226956326.
5
梁秀雯 and Sau-man Sally Leung. "Serodiagnostic utility of an ELISA assay based on a recombinant antigen MP1 of penicillium marneffei." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31970096.
6
Sheehan, C. P. "The application of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to ABH grouping in forensic science." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381661.
7
Cheow, Lih Feng. "Development of an Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) with Enhanced Sensitivity in a Nanofluidic System." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/55148.
Анотація:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2009.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 66-68).
Experimental studies were performed to evaluate the kinetics and equilibrium binding constants of biomolecules in nanofluidic channels. Binding events in the nanochannel were detected using electrical and fluorescence methods. We concluded that antibody-antigen binding constants in nanochannels were similar to experiments performed in microtiter plates at low antigen concentrations; however the bound fraction in nanochannels at high antigen concentration decreased due to steric hindrance. Binding kinetics in nanochannels was limited by convective transport of analytes, instead of diffusion or reaction. We also found that enzymatic reactions in nanochannels were very effective due to short diffusion length and high surface area to volume ratio. A bead based ELISA was developed to exploit the rapid binding reactions in the bulk and efficient enzymatic conversion in the nanochannels. Additionally, electrokinetic concentrators were integrated with multiplexed bead based ELISA to further improve the detection sensitivity of a sandwich immunoassay.
by Lih Feng Cheow.
S.M.
8
Johnson, Raymond Camille Joseph. "Detection of nepoviruses by ELISA in tissue-cultured and field-grown grapevines." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27968.
Анотація:
The detection by serology of nematode-transmitted polyhedral viruses (nepoviruses) in grapevines is often unreliable. Nepoviruses were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in tissue-cultured and field-grown grapevines. Nepovirus detection in in vitro plants (plantlets) was affected by virus distribution and growth room temperature. The reliability of virus detection in field-grown grapevines was improved when modified grinding buffers were used.
Arabis mosaic virus (AMV) was detected by ELISA, for the first time, in in vitro grapevines initiated from field-and screenhouse-grown plants throughout the summer. The virus was not reliably and repeatedly detected in in vitro plantlets grown at 25°C.
AMV and grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) distribution was not uniform throughout the plantlets. This distribution was affected by the culture room temperature. The best plant parts to sample for virus detection came from the zones of rapidly proliferating shoots. The viruses were sometimes not detected in samples taken from other tissues.
Growth room temperature had an important effect on virus detection in plantlets. The highest virus titres were found in plants growing at 15°C. Temperature increases in 5°C steps to 30°C reduced virus titre. AMV became undetectable in nearly all plantlets growing at 30°C for as little as 30 days. Growth at 30°C reduced ELISA absorbance values by 76% after 8 days and after 21 days the values were at 4% of pre-treatment levels. The virus titre dropped below detectable levels in most plantlets. AMV could not be detected in plantlets or rooted explants after being placed in a 30°C treatment for 2 months.
Tomato ringspot virus was detected by ELISA, for the first time, in in vitro grapevine plants. The virus was repeatedly detected in in vitro plants growing at 20°C.
Under the typical summer conditions experienced at Sidney, B.C., modifying the standard ELISA grinding buffer (0.01 M phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, 0.05% Tween-20, 0.2% ovalbumin, 2% polyvinylpyrrolidone) was essential for reliable detection of AMV or GFLV. AMV was reliably detected by ELISA in foliar samples from field or screenhouse plants throughout the summer when the grinding buffer was modified by increasing the pH to at least 8.2 and adding 1% nicotine or 0.15 M phosphate buffered saline. The most reliable results with GFLV were obtained with the nicotine enhanced buffers.
In comparison, because of the increased workload associated with growing plants in vitro and the unreliable detection of viruses in these plants, it remained preferable to detect nepoviruses in field plants by ELISA.Land and Food Systems, Faculty of
Graduate
9
Östling, Jeanette. "An Approach to Improve the Detection System of a Diagnostic Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för bioteknologi (BIO), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214620.
10
Orchard, Robert Graham. "A flow-through enzyme-linked immunoassay for progesterone." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2277.
Анотація:
Bovine reproductive performance is one of the most important factors influencing dairy farm profitability. Present-day techniques for oestrus- and pregnancy-detection are unreliable and labour-intensive. Although measuring milk-progesterone at regular intervals allows the fertility status of a cow to be determined reliably, the labour cost of collecting and analysing samples is prohibitive. This project aimed to develop a progesterone sensing system that could be automated and integrated with the milking unit, thus minimising labour costs. The proposed system involved mixing the milk sample with an enzyme-antibody conjugate and then passing the sample through a column containing immobilised progesterone. Any progesterone in the milk would inhibit conjugate binding to the column. An enzyme substrate would then flow through the column and bound conjugate would be detected as a colour change at the column's outlet. Periodate-coupling was used to attach horseradish peroxidase enzyme to anti-progesterone antibody, and progesterone-3-carboxymethyloxime was immobilised on the polystyrene bead surface using amine-coupling. Both techniques are widely used. Initial experiments attempted to verify the success of these two reactions simultaneously, whereas later experiments focused on the bead-coating. Beads were suspended in a specially-constructed syringe and the antibody activity of the eluted solution was measured by SPR. However, a combination of non-specific binding and antibody stability and activity issues meant neither reaction was conclusively verified. Many trials were done to investigate how to overcome the problems encountered but a suitable, workable procedure was not developed. Despite poor progress, the problems encountered did not undermine the project's potential. There remains optimism of developing an on-line method if research were to continue.
11
Hitt, John Michael 1952. "DETERMINATION OF THE EFFICACY OF THE ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY (ELISA) IN CHARACTERIZING CROTALUS SNAKE VENOM AT THE SPECIES LEVEL." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276352.
12
王玲娜 and Ling-na Wang. "Direct detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical specimens by PCR-ELISA." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31969975.
13
Wang, Ling-na. "Direct detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical specimens by PCR-ELISA." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23476564.
14
Sattler, Tatjana, Eveline Wodak, Sandra Revilla-Fernández, and Friedrich Schmoll. "Comparison of different commercial ELISAs for detection of antibodies against porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus in serum." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-158536.
Анотація:
Background: In recent years, several new ELISAs for the detection of antibodies against the porcine reproductive and respiratory disease virus (PRRSV) in pig serum have been developed. To interpret the results, specificity and sensitivity data as well as agreement to a reference ELISA must be available. In this study, three commercial ELISAs (INgezim PRRS 2.0 - ELISA II, Priocheck® PRRSV Ab porcine – ELISA III and CIVTEST suis PRRS E/S PLUS - ELISA IV, detecting PRRSV type 1 antibodies) were compared to a standard ELISA (IDEXX PRRS X3 Ab Test - ELISA I). The serum of three pigs vaccinated with an attenuated PRRSV live vaccine (genotype 2) was tested prior to and several times after the vaccination. Furthermore, serum samples of 245 pigs of PRRSV positive herds, 309 pigs of monitored PRRSV negative herds, 256 fatteners of assumed PRRSV negative herds with unknown herd history and 92 wild boars were tested with all four ELISAs. Results: ELISAs II and III were able to detect seroconversion of vaccinated pigs with a similar reliability. According to kappa coefficient, the results showed an almost perfect agreement between ELISA I as reference and ELISA II and III (kappa > 0.8), and substantial agreement
between ELISA I and ELISA IV (kappa = 0.71). Sensitivity of ELISA II, III and IV was 96.0%, 100% and 91.5%, respectively. The specificity of the ELISAs determined in samples of monitored PRRSV negative herds was 99.0%, 95.1% and 96.4%, respectively. In assumed negative farms that were not continually monitored, more positive samples were found with ELISA II to IV. The reference ELISA I had a specificity of 100% in this study. Conclusions: All tested ELISAs were able to detect a PRRSV positive herd. The specificity and sensitivity of the tested commercial ELISAs, however, differed. ELISA II had the highest specificity an ELISA III had the highest sensitivity in comparison to the reference ELISA. ELISA IV had a lower sensitivity and specificity than the other ELISAs.
15
Chen, Chih-Li. "Circulating Antibodies to Thymic Antigens in Autism and Alzheimer's Disease." DigitalCommons@USU, 1992. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4667.
Анотація:
Abnormal T lymphocyte reactions in both autism and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been reported. This research investigated the possibility that these abnormalities may involve circulating antithymic antibodies. Plasma samples from autistic patients, AD patients, and normal-matched controls were tested for reactivity against murine thymocytes.
In the first of 3 studies results of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were statistically significant for binding (P < 0.001) between antithymic antibodies in plasmas of AD patients and murine thymocytes. Binding (P < 0.05) in low dilutions (1/2.5 and 1/5} of autistic patient plasmas was also observed. In the second study, plasmas of neither autistic nor AD patients significantly inhibited DNA synthesis of thymic cells in the presence of interleukin-1 (IL-l} and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). In the third study, no significant increases (P > 0.05) in cytotoxic activities were detected using AD patient plasmas and both untreated and heat-treated autistic patient plasmas. After further testing, these heat-treated plasmas diluted 1/64 and 1/128 had increased cytotoxicities (P
Therefore, circulating antithymic antibodies may be involved in abnormal T lymphocyte reactions in autism and AD. Since they probably do not act alone, future research should study these complex abnormalities using human thymocytes.
16
Roßkopf, Ute. "Validierung der Wirksamkeitsprüfung für Clostridium tetani Impfstoffe ad usum veterinarium durch den direkten Nachweis von Tetanus-Antitoxin im Zieltier mittels ELISA." Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2007. http://geb.uni-giessen.de/geb/volltexte/2007/4469/index.html.
17
Dell, Kerstin. "Entwicklung eines indirekten ELISA zum serologischen Nachweis von Opisthorchis felineus (Rivolta, 1884) und Metorchis bilis (Braun, 1790) (Trematoda: Opisthorchiidae) beim Fuchs : mit einem Beitrag zu den Leberenzymaktivitäten bei experimenteller Opisthorchiidose /." Friedland : Bielefeld, 2001. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009538526&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
18
Brunner, Karin. "Methodische und klinische Evaluierung eines ELISA-Testes zur Bestimmung des Annexin V als Marker in der Frühdiagnostik myokardialer Ischämien /." Giessen : Fachverlag Köhler, 2002. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=010272186&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
19
Wittes, Robert C. "Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with various antigens for the the screening and presumptive diagnosis of schistosomiasis mekongi." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64046.
20
Dishart, Katy Johanna. "Detection of the fluorescing group of Pseudomonas by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the prediction of shelf-life of dairy products." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08042009-040322/.
21
Sattler, Tatjana, Eveline Wodak, Sandra Revilla-Fernández, and Friedrich Schmoll. "Comparison of different commercial ELISAs for detection of antibodies against porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus in serum." BioMed Central, 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13068.
Анотація:
Background: In recent years, several new ELISAs for the detection of antibodies against the porcine reproductive and respiratory disease virus (PRRSV) in pig serum have been developed. To interpret the results, specificity and sensitivity data as well as agreement to a reference ELISA must be available. In this study, three commercial ELISAs (INgezim PRRS 2.0 - ELISA II, Priocheck® PRRSV Ab porcine – ELISA III and CIVTEST suis PRRS E/S PLUS - ELISA IV, detecting PRRSV type 1 antibodies) were compared to a standard ELISA (IDEXX PRRS X3 Ab Test - ELISA I). The serum of three pigs vaccinated with an attenuated PRRSV live vaccine (genotype 2) was tested prior to and several times after the vaccination. Furthermore, serum samples of 245 pigs of PRRSV positive herds, 309 pigs of monitored PRRSV negative herds, 256 fatteners of assumed PRRSV negative herds with unknown herd history and 92 wild boars were tested with all four ELISAs. Results: ELISAs II and III were able to detect seroconversion of vaccinated pigs with a similar reliability. According to kappa coefficient, the results showed an almost perfect agreement between ELISA I as reference and ELISA II and III (kappa > 0.8), and substantial agreement
between ELISA I and ELISA IV (kappa = 0.71). Sensitivity of ELISA II, III and IV was 96.0%, 100% and 91.5%, respectively. The specificity of the ELISAs determined in samples of monitored PRRSV negative herds was 99.0%, 95.1% and 96.4%, respectively. In assumed negative farms that were not continually monitored, more positive samples were found with ELISA II to IV. The reference ELISA I had a specificity of 100% in this study. Conclusions: All tested ELISAs were able to detect a PRRSV positive herd. The specificity and sensitivity of the tested commercial ELISAs, however, differed. ELISA II had the highest specificity an ELISA III had the highest sensitivity in comparison to the reference ELISA. ELISA IV had a lower sensitivity and specificity than the other ELISAs.
22
Marques, Luciene Alves Moreira. "Estudo imonoquimico do veneno da largata lonomia obliqua e desenvolvimento de um ELISA ("enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay") para detecção do veneno." [s.n.], 1999. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312162.
Анотація:
Orientador: Stephen HysloDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-28T14:56:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marques_LucieneAlvesMoreira_M.pdf: 9700110 bytes, checksum: ca6af73e9b78b7a37b1d659403096c81 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999
Resumo: O envenenamento humano por lagartas de mariposas saturnídeas L. obliqua, leva a distúrbios hemostáticos, sendo o óbito, em geral, decorrente de insuficiência renal aguda ou de hemorragia maciça em órgãos nobres. Pouco se sabe sobre a composição bioquímica e imunológica do veneno destas lagartas. Esta dissertação descreve um estudo imunológico do veneno desta espécie, incluindo o desenvolvimento de um "Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay" (ELISA) para detecção do veneno de L. obliqua. As imunoreatividades do extrato de cerdas, hemolinfa e saliva de L. obliqua frente ao soro anti-Lonomia foram comparadas por imunodifusão de Ouchterlony, imunoeletroforese e imunoblot após SDS-PAGE. A reatividade do antiveneno com outros venenos animais também foi investigada. Na imunodifusão, o extrato de cerdas e hemolinfa mostraram várias linhas de imunoprecipitação, algumas das quais com completa identidade. A hemolinfa de L. achelous também reagiu com o antiveneno, mas em menor extensão, e mostrou algumas linhas de identidade parcial com a hemolinfa de L. obliqua. Com exceção do extrato de cerdas e hemolinfa da lagarta da mariposa saturnidea A. rectilínea, que mostrou fracas linhas de imunoprecipitação de não-identídade com o extrato de cerdas e hemolinfa de L. obliqua, não houve reação entre o soro mti-Lonomia e outros venenos animais testados. A imunoeletroforese essencialmente confirmou a imunoreatividade observada na imunodifusão. O Imunoblot mostrou que o perfil do extrato de cerdas foi semelhante ao da hemolinfa, particularmente na região de 45-205 kDa. O extrato de cerdas de A. rectilínea e as hemolinfas de A. rectilínea e L. achelous mostraram várias bandas semelhantes àquelas vistas com cerdas e hemolinfa de L. obliqua. Não houve reatividade com as salivas de A. rectilínea e L. obliqua nestes ensaios. Houve uma reatividade muito fraca (não específica) com os venenos de P. nigriventer e T. serrulatus, mas não ocorreu reatividade com venenos de serpentes. Para o ELISA, placas multi-poço foram sensibilizadas com soro anti-L. Obliqua (1:1000) "ovemight", lavadas e incubadas com extrato de cerdas, hemolinfa, saliva ou outros venenos animais. Após lavagem e incubação com IgG purificada por afinidade e conjugada à peroxidase (1:800), o substrato (oenilenodiamina) foi adicionado e a absorbância lida a 492 nm, após 30 min. Em alguns experimentos, o extrato de cerdas, hemolinfa e saliva de L. obliqua foram fracionados por gel filtração em Superdex 75,equilibrada com tampão Tris-HCl 0,1 M5 pH 7,8 e a imunoreatividade das frações foi testada pelo ELISA. A detecção limite para o extrato de cerdas no ELISA foi 0,5 - 1,0 ng/poço (5-10 µg/ml) com resposta máxima com >2 µg/poço (20 µg/ml). O coeficiente de variação íntra- ensaio foi <5%. A hemolinfa de L. obliqua mostrou imunoreatividade quase idêntica à do extrato de cerdas. No entanto, a saliva não mostrou reatividade. Houve moderada reatividade cruzada com a hemolinfa de L. achelow e baixa reatividade cruzada com a hemolinfa e extrato de cerdas da lagarta saturnídea A. rectilínea. Não ocorreu reatividade cruzada com venenos de serpentes, aranha e escorpião em concentrações de até 100 Hg/poço. A cromatografia de gel filtração em Superdex 75 mostrou que o extrato de cerdas e hemolinfa de L. obliqua possuem perfis de eluição muito semelhantes a 280 nm e imunoreatividade similar no ELISA. Ambos diferem marcadamente do perfil de eluição e imunoreatividade da saliva. A administração i.v. do extrato de cerdas de L. obliqua em ratos (400 µg/kg) mostrou rápido declínio nos níveis circulantes de antígenos nas primeiras 2 h, seguido por diminuição progressiva até as 16 h quando tomaram-se não detectáveis. Quando a mesma dose foi injetada s.c, houve variação considerável nos níveis séricos de antígenos com picos observados em 0,5,4 e 16 h após a injeção. O perfil cinético obtido com a administração i.d. foi semelhante àquele visto com a injeção i.v., embora os níveis absolutos de antígenos tenham sido muito menores. Estes resultados mostram que há pouca ou nenhuma reatividade cruzada entre o soro anti-£. obliqua e venenos animais não saturnídeos. As semelhanças de imunoreatividades do extrato de cerdas e hemolinfa sugerem que o veneno pode ser derivado da hemolinfa e que esta poderia ser uma fonte útil e mais acessível para a purificação de fatores que afetam a cascata de coagulação. A sensibilidade e a especificidade do ELISA desenvolvido pode ser útil para imunodiagnóstico na clínica, embora o tempo após o envenenamento e a quantidade de veneno injetado possam ser um dos fatores limitantes na detecção de antígenos circulantes, como mostrado pelos experimentos cinéticos em ratos
Abstract: Human envenoming by caterpillars of the saturnid moth Lonomia obliqua in southern Brazil leads to hemostatic disturbances and hemorrhage, with death resulting from acute renal failure or intracranial hemorrhage. Little is known of the biochemical and immunological composition of the venom of these caterpillars. This thesis describes an immunological study of the venom of this species, including the development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of L. obliqua venom. The immunoreactivities of L. obliqua spicule extract, hemolymph and saliva with antiserum to L. obliqua venom were compared by Ouchterlony immunodiffusion, Immunoelectrophoresis and immunoblotting following SDS-PAGE. The reactivity of the antivenom with other animal venoms was also assessed, In immunodiffusion, the spicule extract and hemolymph showed several immunoprecipitin lines, some of which had complete identity. Hemolymph from the related L. achelous also reacted with the antivenom, but to a lesser extent, and showed some lines of partial identity with L. obliqua hemolymph. Except for a spicule extract and hemolymph from the saturnid moth Automeris rectilinea which showed weak immunoprecipitin lines of non-identity with L. obliqua spicule extract and hemolymph, there was no reaction between L. obliqua antiserum and the other animal venoms tested. Immunoelectrophoresis essentially confirmed the immunoreactivities observed with immunodiffusion. Immunoblotting showed that the profile of the spicule extract was similar to that of hemolymph, particularly in the region of 45-205 kDa. A spicule extract from A. rectilinea and hemolymph from A. rectilinea and L. achelous showed several bands similar to those seen with L. obliqua spicules and hemolymph. There was no reactivity with A. rectilinear or L. obliqua saliva in these assays. There was very low (non-specific) reactivity with P. nigriventer and T. serrulatus venoms but no reactivity with snake venoms. For the ELISA, multiwell plates were coated overnight with antivenom to L. oblique venom (1:1000) and then washed and incubated with spicule extract, hemolymph, saliva or other animal venoms. After washing and incubation with affinity-purified IgG conjugated to peroxidase (1:800), substrate (o-phenylenediamine) was added and the absorbance read at 492 nm after 30 min. In some experiments, L. obliqua spicule extract, hemolymph and saliva were fractionated by gel filtration on Superdex 75 equilibrated with 0.1 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.8 and the immunoreactivity of the fractions was tested by ELISA. The detection limit for spicule extract in the ELISA was 0.5-1.0 ng/well (5-10µg/ml) with a maximum response at > 2 µg/well (20 µg/ml). The intra-assay coefficient of variation was <5%. L. obliqua hemolymph showed an immunoreactivity which was almost identical to that of the spicule extract whereas saliva showed no reactivity. There was moderate cross- reactivity with L. achelous hemolymph and low cross-reactivity with hemolymph and a spicule extract from the saturnid caterpillar Automeris rectilinea. No cross-reactivity was observed with scorpion, snake or spider venoms (up to 100 µg Avell). Gel filtration chromatography on Superdex 75 showed that L. obliqua spicule extract and hemolymph had very similar elution profiles at 280 nm and similar immunoreactivities in the ELISA. Both of these differed markedly from the elution profile and immunoreactivity of saliva. The i.v. administration of L. obliqua spicule extract in rats (400 µg/kg) showed a rapid decline in circulating antigen levels in the first 2 h, followed by a progressive decrease up to 16 h post-injection after which antigens were no longer detectable. When the same dose was injected s.c, there was considerable variation in the serum antigen levels with peaks being observed at 0.5, 4 and 16 h post-injection. The kinetic profile obtained with i.d. administration was similar to that seen following i.v. injection, although the absolute antigen levels were much lower. These results show that there is little or no cross-reactivity between L. obliqua antiserum and non-saturnid animal venoms. The similar immunoreactivities of the spicule extract and hemolymph suggest that the venom may be derived from the hemolymph. Whether the latter may be a useful source for the purification of factors affecting the coagulation cascade remains to be determined. The sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA developed may be useful for immunodiagnosis in a clinical setting, although the time after envenomation and amount of venom injected may be limiting factors in the detection of circulating antigens, as shown by the kinetic experiments in rats
Mestrado
Mestre em Farmacologia
23
Liu, Jie-Yu. "Development of a Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for Zeranol Detection and the Gene Regulation by Zeranol in Breast Cancer." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1313426678.
24
George, Dashwill Anton. "Validation and application of the ELISA technique for the detection of fish aero-antigens." Thesis, Peninsula Technikon, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1484.
Анотація:
Thesis (MTech (Biomedical Technology))--Peninsula Technikon, 2003Increased seafood consumption due to its nutrition and promotion of a healthy diet has lead to more frequent reports of allergic reactions. In the seafood industry, workers are exposed to the antigens through inhalation of the vapours created during the seafood processing and cooking. Most seafood allergens are stable molecules, which are resistant to the effect of cooking and processing. The prevalence of occupational asthma varies from 7-36% among different groups of workers including seafood processing and fishmeal workers, fishermen and restaurant cooks (Jeebhay et al 2001). Purpose of Study: The purpose of the study is to determine total protein and the specific fish antigen concentrations in the environment by means of personal air sampling filters obtained from various categories of workers in the seafood processing industry. Objectives: • To determine the correlation between total protein concentrations and specific fish (pilchard and anchovy) antigen concentrations on personal air sampling filters using the linear response model of the standard curve. • To determine the correlation between total protein concentrations and specific fish (pilchard and anchovy) antigen concentrations on personal air sampling filters using the sigmoidal response model with a variable slope of the standard curve. • To identify the most efficient standard curve response model for fish antigen detection by comparing the percentage recovery of the linear standard curve response model and the sigmoidal standard curve response model. Methodology: A sample population of 195 samples was taken from workers in the seafood industry at the St. Helena Bay Fisheries and West Point Processors using personal air sampling pumps.
25
Kley, Alexandra. "Entwicklung und Anwendung eines Enzyme-Linked-Immunosorbent-Assay (ELISA) für die serologische Erfassung der Campylobacter-Siuation in Schweinebeständen mittels Blutserum- und Fleischsaftproben." Diss., lmu, 2003. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-13132.
26
Brown, Judith K., Bonnie T. Poulos, Heather S. Costa, and Merritt R. Nelson. "Detection of Lettuce Infectious Yellow Virus (LIYV) in Greenhouse and Field Inoculated Plots Using an Indirect Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (Indirect ELISA)." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214278.
Анотація:
Lettuce infectious yellows virus (LIYV), a recently recognized plant virus, causes dramatic yellowing symptoms and severe diseases in a wide range of vegetable crops in Arizona, adjacent southwestern states and Mexico. Until now, the only available diagnostic method was a time-consuming bioassay that used the insect vector to transmit the virus, with subsequent manipulation of indicator plants. A rapid, sensitive diagnostic technique (termed an indirect enzyme-linked immunoassay, called indirect ELISA) system was developed to detect lettuce infectious yellows virus (LIYV) in infected plant material. A virus specific antibody was made to viral capsid protein which was purified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The indirect ELISA system was optimized and used to detect viral antigen in greenhouse-inoculated melons. The system was subsequently adapted to detect LIYV in symptomatic and asymptomatic weed and cultivated plant species collected from infected fields near Yuma and in central Arizona. The indirect ELISA system described here allows for the detection of approximately 100 ng of virus per well. The LIYV was detectable in symptomatic (but not in asymptomatic) leaves of melon plants infected with the virus. In contrast, the virus could be detected in both symptomatic and symptomless cheeseweed plants collected in the field. The optical density readings for infected weed species were generally lower than those for cultivated species, such as melons, lettuce, and spinach, suggesting that there is less virus in the weed hosts tested than in infected, cultivated hosts.
27
Jarvis, Sandra Marie. "The application of immunology to food science, two studies : production of monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) specific for an enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) ; development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for [Beta]-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGase)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28947.
Анотація:
Two hybridoma clones, labelled 4D10 C1 and 2H4 H12, produced monoclonal antibodies which recognized the outer membrane of an enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) 0142:K86:H6 in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the whole cell in an immunofluorescence assay. Large scale production of the monoclonal antibodies was accomplished through ascites production in balb/c mice. Purification of the ascites fluid was achieved by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. Isotyping of the purified fractions showed 4D10 C1 to be an IgG2 and 2H4 H12 an IgM. These monoclonal antibodies were screened by immunofluorescence assay against several pathogenic and nonpathogenic
strains of E.coli in addition to other Enterobacteriaciae. Results of the screening showed these antibodies to be specific for the E.coli serotype to which they were raised. Minimal cross-reactivity with other Enterobacteriaceae was observed.
In a separate and concurrent project, the use of an ELISA capable of detecting ß-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGase) was examined. White Leghorn hens were injected with commercially prepared bovine NAGase. Eggs were collected and the immunoglobulin fraction separated from the egg yolk by polyethylene glycol precipitation followed by ion exchange on a DEAE-Sephacel column. The use of the purified immunoglobulins was examined in a sandwich, double-sandwich and a competitive ELISA. A statistically significant standard curve for the detection of NAGase was successfully derived using a double-sandwich ELISA when rabbit immunoglobulin was used to coat the microwell plates. This assay was used to measure the NAGase concentration in press juice and fish extract of fresh and frozen salmon muscle samples. The ratio of the NAGase concentration in the press juice to the total NAGase concentration was compared. No significant difference was found between the calculated concentration ratios of the fresh muscle samples and samples frozen for 1 week at -20°C.Land and Food Systems, Faculty of
Graduate
28
Kleiner, Eric J. "Evaluation of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Test Kits for the Quantitative Determination of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs) in Aqueous Phase Environmental Samples." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1282056078.
29
Bøwadt, Thea. "Mitigating the impact of antidrug antibodies against insulin on ELISA assay." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för biomedicinsk vetenskap (BMV), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44473.
Анотація:
Diabetes has, in the past three decades, surged immensely. Because of this, new insulin analogues are constantly in the making. In clinical studies, the presence of antidrug antibodies can prove a challenge when measuring insulin. In order to overcome the interference from antidrug antibody complexes on the total insulin measurement in human serum, several pre-treatment methods on insulin and polyclonal antibodies spiked samples were tried using ELISA analysis. Several different methods were tried, acid dissociation using a glycine buffer with and without ethanol in different concentrations, high ionic strength dissociation using MgCl2, Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and filtration. The best results were found when using the acid dissociation technique. Using glycine promising results were achieved, especially when 20 % ethanol was added to the acid mixture. Pre-treatment using PEG, MgCl2 and filtration was unsuccessful with the methods used. The main goal was reached through the use of glycine with the addition of 20% ethanol for acid dissociation. The proposed method still leaves significant room for optimisation and needs further verification on real patient samples. However, it is a good step in the direction of a global methodology using ELISA to overcome antidrug antibody interference for total insulin measurement in human serum.
30
Kapik, Rene Howard. "Changes in abscisic acid concentration during zygotic embryogenisis in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) as determined by indirect ELISA." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5796.
31
Tebele, Ntando. "Characterisation of cDNA encoding a 200 kDA polypeptide of Babesia bigemina and generation of a recombinant antigen for the detection of antibodies in an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay." Thesis, Brunel University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307512.
32
Frota, Sabrina Menezes da. "UtilizaÃÃo de critÃrios CoproscÃpicos e SorolÃgicos na detecÃÃo de casos de esquistossomose mansÃnica em Ãrea de baixa endemicidade no Estado do CearÃ." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2728.
Анотація:
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoA Esquistossomose à uma doenÃa causada por parasitos do gÃnero Schistosoma matando centenas de milhares de pessoas por ano no mundo. O Schistosoma tem vÃrias espÃcies com interesse clÃnico. No Brasil o causador da Esquistossomose à o S. mansoni e o principal hospedeiro e reservatÃrio do parasito à o homem sendo a partir desse que os ovos sÃo eliminados nas fezes. Os hospedeiros intermediÃrios sÃo os caramujos. As principais espÃcies de caramujos hospedeiros do Schistosoma mansoni no Brasil sÃo: Biomphalaria glabrata, Biomphalaria tenagophila e Biomphalaria straminea. Sendo a terceira espÃcie a predominante no CearÃ. A doenÃa tem presenÃa constante em mais de 74 paÃses (praticamente todos subdesenvolvidos). Cerca de 500 a 600 milhÃes de pessoas correm riscos de serem atingidas e mais de 200 milhÃes sÃo infectadas a cada ano, e isso se deve principalmente a falta de saneamento bÃsico e educaÃÃo sanitÃria. Para a melhor profilaxia desta doenÃa, deve ser feito o diagnÃstico e o tratamento da populaÃÃo, orientando para evitar entrar em contato com Ãguas que contenham caramujos (aÃudes, lagos, lagoas, rios etc). à uma doenÃa que pode evoluir para complicaÃÃes graves, eventualmente levando ao Ãbito em funÃÃo de extensa fibrose decorrente da presenÃa em parÃnquima hepÃtico de ovos do Schistosoma mansoni, formando granulomas. O principal objetivo desse estudo foi desenvolver uma estratÃgia para aumentar a eficÃcia na identificaÃÃo de pacientes infectados com S.mansoni, em Ãrea de baixa endemicidade, no Estado do CearÃ, usando um protocolo combinando uma tÃcnica sorolÃgica (IgG â ELISA) com exames de fezes seqÃenciais. Esse trabalho foi realizado em etapas, no qual na primeira, dos 287 indivÃduos que realizaram o mÃtodo de Kato-Katz, 11 (3,8%) apresentaram resultados positivos para S. mansoni. Com relaÃÃo aos outros helmintos foram encontrados: Trichuris trichiura 25 (8,7%), Ascaris lumbricoides 19 (6,6%) e Ancilostomideos 15(5,2%). Em relaÃÃo ao testes de ELISA, 97 (33,8%) foram positivos. Todos os pacientes que apresentaram ovos nas fezes foram positivos no teste sorolÃgico. Neste grupo estÃo inclusos os 11 que foram positivos na coproscÃpia. Dos pacientes com ELISA positivo e Kato-Katz negativos, apenas 56 entregaram as trÃs amostras de fezes para uma segunda anÃlise coproscÃpica. Desses, 14 (25%) foram positivos para Schistosoma mansoni. Dos 42 pacientes que continuavam negativos, 22 responderam no questionÃrio que nunca tiveram esquistossomose como tambÃm nunca receberam tratamento para a doenÃa. O presente estudo nÃo trata sà de determinar a prevalÃncia da doenÃa no municÃpio, e sim de identificar o maior nÃmero possÃvel de indivÃduos infectados, usando o mÃtodo sorolÃgico que foi aplicado de forma a contemplar a populaÃÃo residente em Ãreas de risco de transmissÃo ou expostas ao risco de infecÃÃo, principalmente por atividades domÃsticas e de lazer. Diante destes resultados, acredita-se, em concordÃncia com outros autores, que utilizando a tÃcnica de ELISA combinado com anÃlises repetidas de no mÃnimo 5 lÃminas de fezes, torna-se mais fÃcil diagnosticar pacientes com a esquistossomose, melhorando assim a hipÃtese que provavelmente em um futuro prÃximo, seremos capazes de combinar mÃtodos parasitolÃgicos e sorolÃgicos no programa de controle da esquistossomose, um fator importante para detecÃÃo de novos portadores da doenÃa.
Schistosomiasis is a disease caused by parasites of the genus Schistosoma, killing hundreds of thousands of people each year worldwide.. The Schistosoma has several species of clinical interest. In our country the cause of Schistosomiasis is the S. mansoni and the main reservoir host and the parasite is starting with the man that the eggs are removed in feces. The snails are the intermediate host. The main species of snails host of Schistosoma mansoni in Brazil are: Biomphalaria glabrata, Biomphalaria tenagophila and Biomphalaria straminea. The third kind in the predominant in CearÃ. The disease has presence in over 74 countries (virtually all underdeveloped). Around state 500 to 600 million people are at risk of being affected and more than 200 million are infected every year, and this is mainly due to lack of sanitation and health education. To the best prevention of this disease is to be made the diagnosis and treatment of the population to avoid targeting comes in contact with water containing snails (ponds, lakes, rivers etc). It is a disease that can develop into serious complications, possibly leading to death according to extensive fibrosis caused by the presence in liver parenchyma of the Schistosoma mansoni eggs, forming granulomas. So the main objective of this study was to develop a strategy to increase effectiveness in identifying patients positive for Schistosomiasis in areas of low endemic in the state of Ceara, using a protocol combining a technique in which antibodies (IgG - ELISA) with examinations of sequential stool. This work was followed by steps, in which the first of the 287 patients who underwent the method of Kato-Katz, 11 (3.8%) showed positive results for S. mansoni. On the other helminths are: Trichuris trichiura 25 (8.7%), A. lumbricoides 19 (6.6%) and Hookworms 15 (5.2%). For the tests, ELISA, 97 (33.8%) were positive. All patients who had eggs in the feces were positive in the serologic test. In this group are included the 11 that were positive in feces analysis (Figure 1). From patients with Elisa positive and negative Kato-Katz, only 56 handed the three samples of stool for a second analysis Of these, 14 (25%) were positive for Schistosoma mansoni. Of the 42 patients who remained negative, 22 responded in the questionnaire that had never schistosomiasis but never received treatment for the disease. Our present study was to not only determine the prevalence of the disease in the municipality, and to identify the largest possible number of infected individuals, the serological method was applied in order to accommodate the population living in those areas of risk of transmission or at risk of infection, mainly by domestic and leisure activities. In view of our results, we believe, in agreement with other authors, that using the ELISA technique combined with repeated analysis of at least 5 simples of feces, it becomes easier to diagnose patients positive for schistosomiasis, thus improving the hypothesis that probably in the near future, being able to combine parasitological and sorological in the programme for the control of schistosomiasis, an important factor for detection of new carriers of the disease.
33
Yamaguchi, Eduardo Tsuyoshi. "Dosagens sanguíneas de ocitocina por enzimoimunoensaio após diferentes regimes de infusão de ocitocina em gestantes submetidas à cesariana eletiva com raquianestesia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5152/tde-20072011-150620/.
Анотація:
INTRODUÇÃO: Apesar de ser a droga de primeira escolha na prevenção da hemorragia pós-parto, o uso da ocitocina em cesarianas permanece empírico. O objetivo deste estudo foi dosar a ocitocina sérica após a administração profilática de diferentes regimes de ocitocina em pacientes submetidas à cesariana eletiva. MÉTODOS: 30 pacientes que se apresentaram para cesariana eletiva foram randomizadas para receber ocitocina intravenosa, após o clampeamento do cordão umbilical, nos seguintes grupos: G1 (n=9): 10 UI de ocitocina infundidas em 30 minutos (0,33 UI/min), G2 (n=11): 10 UI de ocitocina infundidas em 3 minutos e 45 segundos (2,67 UI/min) e G3 (n=10): 80 UI de ocitocina infundidas em 30 minutos (2,67 UI/min). Este estudo foi encoberto para as pacientes e para os cirurgiões. A avaliação do tono uterino foi realizada pela equipe cirúrgica e a dosagem da concentração sérica de ocitocina foi feita pela técnica de enzimoimunoensaio (ELISA), antes da anestesia (T0) e nos tempos 5 (T5), 30 (T30) e 60 (T60) minutos após o início da infusão da ocitocina. RESULTADOS: Os níveis de ocitocina sérica (média ± erro padrão, ng/mL) foram semelhantes entre os grupos em T0 (0,062 ± 0,021; 0,039 ± 0,019 e 0,067 ± 0,041; respectivamente, p = 0,76) e em T60 (0,648 ± 0,257; 0,356 ± 0,257 e 0,683 ± 0,257; respectivamente, p = 0,58). G3 apresentou níveis maiores de ocitocina que G1 em T5 (3,651 ± 0,741 versus 0,709 ± 0,268; p = 0,01). Em T30, G3 apresentou níveis de ocitocina sérica maiores que G1 (6,190 ± 1,195 versus 1,174 ± 0,375; p < 0,01) e, também, que G2 (6,190 ± 1,195 versus 0,411 ± 0,206; p < 0,01). Os parâmetros hemodinâmicos foram semelhantes entre os grupos. O tono uterino foi considerado satisfatório em todos os intervalos estudados e não houve a necessidade de utilização de uterotônico complementar. CONCLUSÃO: Foram demonstradas dosagens séricas de ocitocina por ELISA em gestantes submetidas à cesariana eletiva. A administração de 80 UI de ocitocina em 30 minutos resulta em níveis séricos de ocitocina maiores que os outros dois métodos de administração aos 5 e 30 minutos, porém, estas concentrações não diferem aos 60 minutosBACKGROUND: The use of oxytocin to prevent postpartum hemorrhage after elective cesarean delivery still remains empirical. The purpose of this study was to determine oxytocin serum levels following differents regimens of prophylactic oxytocin administration in pregnant women undergoing elective cesarean delivery. METHODS: 30 healthy pregnant patients were randomized to receive intravenous oxytocin, after clamping of the umbilical cord, into the following groups: G1 (n=9), 10 IU of oxytocin infused over 30 minutes (0.33 IU/min); G2 (n=11), 10 IU of oxytocin infused over 3 minutes and 45 seconds (2.67 IU/min) and G3 (n=10), 80 IU of oxytocin infused over 30 minutes (2.67 IU/min). Both patient and surgeon were blinded to the study group allocation. Uterine tone was assessed by palpation by the surgeon. Serum oxytocin concentration was determined by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) before anesthesia (T0) and at 5 (T5), 30 (T30) and 60 (T60) minutes following the start of oxytocin infusion. RESULTS: Serum oxytocin levels (mean ± standard error, ng/mL) were similar in the groups at T0 (0.062 ± 0.021, 0.039 ± 0.019 and 0.067 ± 0.041, respectively, P = 0.76), and T60 (0.648 ± 0.257, 0.356 ± 0.257 and 0.683 ± 0.257, respectively, P = 0.58). G3 presented higher serum oxytocin than G1 at T5 (3.651 ± 0.741 versus 0.709 ± 0.268, P = 0.01). At T30, serum oxytocin levels of G3 were higher than G1 (6.190 ± 1.195 versus 1.174 ± 0.375, P < 0.01) and also than G2 (6.190 ± 1.195 versus 0.411 ± 0.206, P < 0.01). Hemodynamic data were similar in all groups. Uterine tone was considered satisfactory in all intervals studied and no additional uterotonic agent was needed. CONCLUSION: We demonstrate serum oxytocin determinations by EIA in healthy pregnant women presented for elective cesarean delivery. Administering 80 IU in 30 min results in higher serum oxytocin levels at 5 and 30 min than the other two methods of oxytocin administration, but the concentrations did not differ at 60 min
34
Azevedo, Priscila Zacarias de [UNESP]. "Avaliação do teste de imunodifusão dupla em gel de agar e do ensaio imunoenzimático - ELISA no diagnóstico e seguimento de pacientes com bola fúngica aspergilar." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139330.
Анотація:
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Azevedo, Priscila Zacarias de. "Avaliação do teste de imunodifusão dupla em gel de agar e do ensaio imunoenzimático - ELISA no diagnóstico e seguimento de pacientes com bola fúngica aspergilar /." Botucatu, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139330.
36
Liebenberg, Annerie. "The development of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of the South African strain(s) of grapevine fanleaf nepovirus." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1909.
37
Hari, Har Joshi Srisin Khusmith. "Monoclonal antibody based ELISA for the detection of P. falciparum and P. vivax antigens in Malaria endemic populations in southern Nepal /." Abstract, 2003. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2546/46E-Hari-J.pdf.
38
Wang, Xiao Suo. "A novel ELISA to detect methionine sulfoxide-containing apolipoprotein A-I." Connect to full text, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5423.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2009.Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Discipline of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine. Title from title screen (viewed Sept. 30, 2009) Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.
39
Cruz, Taís Fukuta da [UNESP]. "Padronização e aplicação da técnica de ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) indireto com anticorpo de captura para a detecção de anticoepos contra o cicovírus suíno tipo 2." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106028.
Анотація:
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A quantificação de anticorpos é muito importante para monitoramento sorológico em granjas e associação com proteção contra o circovírus suíno tipo 2 (PCV2). Dessa forma este trabalho teve como objetivo padronizar e aplicar ELISA indireto com anticorpo de captura e utilizá-lo na quantificação de anticorpos contra o PCV2 em soros de suínos. Na padronização, os soros teste e os imunoreagentes básicos, incluindo, anticorpo de coelho anti-PCV2 purificado utilizado como captura e suspensão viral tiveram suas concentrações de uso ótimas determinadas. Aplicou-se o índice ELISA (IE) nos resultados dos soros de suínos para correção de variações entre testes. O teste mostrou-se específico do ponto de vista analítico e com alta reprodutibilidade podendo adequadamente ser utilizado na quantificação de anticorpos em soros de suínos contra o PCV2. Na aplicação, um total de 138 amostras de soros foi testado sendo cinco de porcas na gestação e 133 de leitões nascidos dessas porcas, acompanhados nas fases de maternidade ao crescimento em uma granja comercial com SMDS. Na avaliação da resposta de anticorpos contra o vírus, houve uma diminuição dos anticorpos da maternidade para a creche, coincidindo com o declínio dos anticorpos de origem materna e com a ocorrência da soroconversão simultaneamente com a detecção de PCV no sangue total pela PCR quantitativa. Em dois leitões com alta carga relativa de DNA viral e sinais clínicos sugestivos de SMDS, a quantidade de anticorpos detectada foi extremamente baixa
Antibody quantification is important for serological monitoring in swine herds and association with protection against porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). The aim of this work was to standardize and apply indirect trapping ELISA and use it in the quantification of antibodies against PCV2 in sera from pigs. The immunoreagents, including rabbit antibody anti-purified PCV2 used as trapping antibody and viral suspension had their optimum use dilution previously determined. The absorbance index (ELISA Index, EI), was used to determine the antibody concentration in pig serum directed against PCV2. The test showed high analytical specificity and reproducibility. A total of 138 serum samples was tested including five sows in gestation and 133 piglets accompanied by phases from lactation to growth in a commercial swine herd where PCV2 was previously detected. In anti PCV2 antibody response it was observed a decreasing in the phases of lactation to nursery due to decline of maternal antibodies. The seroconversion was concurrent with PCV DNA detection by quantitative PCR in total blood. In two piglets with high relative DNA viral load and compatible clinical signs of PMWS, the anti PCV2 antibody concentration was very low
40
Cruz, Taís Fukuta da. "Padronização e aplicação da técnica de ELISA ("Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay") indireto com anticorpo de captura para a detecção de anticoepos contra o cicovírus suíno tipo 2 /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106028.
Анотація:
Orientador: João Pessoa Araújo JuniorBanca: Alexandre Secorun Borges
Banca: Alice Fernandes Alfieri
Banca: Hélio Jose Montassier
Banca: Marcos Bryan Heinemann
Resumo: A quantificação de anticorpos é muito importante para monitoramento sorológico em granjas e associação com proteção contra o circovírus suíno tipo 2 (PCV2). Dessa forma este trabalho teve como objetivo padronizar e aplicar ELISA indireto com anticorpo de captura e utilizá-lo na quantificação de anticorpos contra o PCV2 em soros de suínos. Na padronização, os soros teste e os imunoreagentes básicos, incluindo, anticorpo de coelho anti-PCV2 purificado utilizado como captura e suspensão viral tiveram suas concentrações de uso ótimas determinadas. Aplicou-se o índice ELISA (IE) nos resultados dos soros de suínos para correção de variações entre testes. O teste mostrou-se específico do ponto de vista analítico e com alta reprodutibilidade podendo adequadamente ser utilizado na quantificação de anticorpos em soros de suínos contra o PCV2. Na aplicação, um total de 138 amostras de soros foi testado sendo cinco de porcas na gestação e 133 de leitões nascidos dessas porcas, acompanhados nas fases de maternidade ao crescimento em uma granja comercial com SMDS. Na avaliação da resposta de anticorpos contra o vírus, houve uma diminuição dos anticorpos da maternidade para a creche, coincidindo com o declínio dos anticorpos de origem materna e com a ocorrência da soroconversão simultaneamente com a detecção de PCV no sangue total pela PCR quantitativa. Em dois leitões com alta carga relativa de DNA viral e sinais clínicos sugestivos de SMDS, a quantidade de anticorpos detectada foi extremamente baixa
Abstract: Antibody quantification is important for serological monitoring in swine herds and association with protection against porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). The aim of this work was to standardize and apply indirect trapping ELISA and use it in the quantification of antibodies against PCV2 in sera from pigs. The immunoreagents, including rabbit antibody anti-purified PCV2 used as trapping antibody and viral suspension had their optimum use dilution previously determined. The absorbance index (ELISA Index, EI), was used to determine the antibody concentration in pig serum directed against PCV2. The test showed high analytical specificity and reproducibility. A total of 138 serum samples was tested including five sows in gestation and 133 piglets accompanied by phases from lactation to growth in a commercial swine herd where PCV2 was previously detected. In anti PCV2 antibody response it was observed a decreasing in the phases of lactation to nursery due to decline of maternal antibodies. The seroconversion was concurrent with PCV DNA detection by quantitative PCR in total blood. In two piglets with high relative DNA viral load and compatible clinical signs of PMWS, the anti PCV2 antibody concentration was very low
Doutor
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Lemos, Clarice Pires Abrantes. ""Pesquisa do anticorpo antitransglutaminase tissular avaliando as interações da transglutaminase com a fibronectina e comparação com os resultados de dois ensaios comerciais"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5147/tde-29092005-123131/.
Анотація:
Os objetivos desse estudo foram: 1) Padronizar a pesquisa do anti-tTg, comparando-o com o anticorpo antiendomísio (AAE) e 2) Avaliar as interações da tTg com a fibronectina. 49 celíacos e 124 controles com AAE negativo foram avaliados. O AAE foi pesquisado por imunofluorescência indireta e a reatividade contra a tTg e a fibronectina por ELISA in house e com kits comerciais. O antitTg foi positivo em 46,9% e 100% dos celíacos com o ELISA in house e com kits comerciais, respectivamente. A adição de fibronectina não melhorou a sensibilidade do ELISA. Em conclusão: a detecção do antitTg por ELISA apresenta percentual elevado de falso-positivos, não podendo substituir a pesquisa do AAEThe aims of the current study were: to standardize the detection of anti-tTg antibodies, comparing them with antiendomysial antibodies (EMA) and to assess the interaction of tTg with fibronectin. 49 celiac patients and 124 controls were enrolled. EMA was detected by indirect immunofluorescence reaction and tTg and fibronectin reactivity by in house ELISA and with commercially available kits. Seropositivity to anti-tTG was found in 46.9% and 100% of patients by the in house technique and by commercial kits, respectively. Fibronectin addition did not improve the ELISA sensibility. In conclusion, ELISA for anti-tTG detection has a high rate of false positive results and does not replace EMA
42
Yamamoto, Takayuki. "Studies on the safety of food and feed, and on the effects of plant derivedanti-inflammatory components." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215596.
Анотація:
Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第19770号
農博第2166号
新制||農||1040(附属図書館)
学位論文||H28||N4986(農学部図書室)
32806
京都大学大学院農学研究科食品生物科学専攻
(主査)教授 河田 照雄, 教授 保川 清, 教授 橋本 渉
学位規則第4条第1項該当
43
Erman, Evelina. "Analys av antikroppar mot Moraxella catarrhalis hos patienter med multipelt myelom, Waldenströms makroglobulinemi och monoklonal gammopati av oklar signifikans med ”enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay”." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-8301.
Анотація:
Försämrat immunförsvar och ökad risk att drabbas av bakterie- och virusinfektioner förekommer hos patienter med blodsjukdomarna multipelt myelom, Waldenströms makroglobulinemi samt hos vissa patienter med blodsjukdomen monoklonal gammopati av oklar signifikans. Infektionerna kräver ofta antibiotikabehandling och behandling med antivirala medel. I dagsläget är det svårt att förutsäga vilka av patienterna som kommer att drabbas av svåra och ibland livshotande infektioner. Därför ges många av patienterna förebyggande antibiotikabehandling. I studiens början sattes en enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) för detektion av antikroppar mot Moraxella catarrhalis upp. I studien undersöktes om antikroppstitrar i serum mot bakterien Moraxella catarrhalis var lägre hos patientgrupperna än hos friska kontrollpersoner i samma ålder och om variationer förekom mellan patientgrupperna samt hur kontrollgrupper i olika åldrar skiljde sig från varandra. Kontrollgrupperna som undersöktes var mellan 20-40 år, 40-60 år samt 60 år och äldre. Resultatet var att patienterna med multipelt myelom hade lägst antikroppstitrar, patienter med monoklonal gammopati av oklar signifikans hade något högre och patienter med Waldenströms makroglobulinemi hade ännu högre antikroppstitrar. Kontrollgruppen äldre än 60 år hade högre antikroppstitrar än både kontrollgruppen 20-40 år och 40-60 år. Lägst antikroppstitrar hade kontrollgrupp 40-60 år men ingen signifikant skillnad påvisades mellan kontrollgrupp 20-40 år och 40-60 år.
44
Zanette, Maurício Franco. "Comparação entre os métodos de ELISA, imunofluorescência indireta e imunocromatografia para o diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina /." Araçatuba : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92183.
Анотація:
Orientador: Mary Marcondes FeitosaBanca: Márcia Dalastra Laurenti
Banca: Aparecido Antonio Camacho
Resumo: A importância do diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina no Brasil reside no fato de que, dentre as estratégias de controle da doença indicadas pela Fundação Nacional de Saúde, encontra-se a eliminação do cão doméstico sorologicamente positivo. Desta forma, torna-se necessário o conhecimento da sensibilidade e da especificidade das provas sorológicas utilizadas para a correta identificação destes animais. Para avaliar o desempenho dos métodos sorológicos no diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina, foram determinadas e comparadas as características dos métodos de ELISA, reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) e imunocromatografia, adotando-se como padrão o método parasitológico. Para tanto, foram utilizados 50 cães naturalmente acometidos por leishmaniose visceral e 45 cães sadios provenientes de área não endêmica para a doença. A RIFI revelou sensibilidade de 98% e especificidade de 91,1%, além de ótima concordância com o método parasitológico (Kappa = 0,893). Os métodos de ELISA e de imunocromatografia apresentaram boa concordância com o método parasitológico (coeficientes Kappa de 0,788 e 0,769, respectivamente) e valores de sensibilidade de 94% e 86% e especificidade de 84,4% e 91,1%, respectivamente. Com relação à ocorrência de reações cruzadas com leishmaniose visceral, das 14 amostras de soro positivas para doença de Chagas, nove (64,3%) foram consideradas positivas pela técnica de ELISA e seis (42,9%) pela RIFI, não se observando resultados positivos por imunocromatografia. Das 13 amostras de soros de animais portadores de erliquiose, uma (7,7%) apresentou resultado positivo por meio dos métodos de ELISA e de imunocromatografia.
Abstract: The importance of canine visceral leishmaniasis diagnosis in Brazil is based on the fact that, according to the Ministry of Health, a seropositive dog must be culled. Thus, itþs important to know the sensitivity and specificity values of the methods employed for the diagnosis of the disease. To evaluate the performance of the available sorological tests for the diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis it was determined and compared the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA, indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and immunochromatographic test using the parasitological test as the gold standard. For this purposal, the study was carried out with a group of 50 naturally infected dogs from an endemic area and 45 healthy dogs from a non endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis. The IFAT was 98% sensitive and 91,1% specific, and showed a very good concordance with the parasitiological test (k = 0,893). The ELISA showed a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 84,4% and when kappa index was analysed, a good concordance was obseved (k = 0,788). The immunochromatographic test was 86% sensisitive and 91,1% specific and showed a good concordance with the parasitiological test (k = 0,769). About the occurrence of cross reaction with visceral leishmaniasis, nine (64,3%) out of 14 positive samples for Chagas disease were positive by ELISA and six (42,9%) out of 14 were positive by IFAT, while the immunocromatographic test didnt yield any positive result. One (7,7%), out of 13 positive samples for ehrlichiosis, was positive by ELISA and immunocromatografic test. Five (83,3%) out of six positive samples for ehrlichiosis and babesiosis were positive by ELISA and three (50%) by immunocromatography, while IFAT didnþt yield any positive result. Five (50%) out of 10 positive samples for toxoplasmosis were positive by IFAT and one (10%) by immunocromatography.
Mestre
45
Junior, Helio Vilela Barbosa. "Cisticercose em suínos criados soltos: produção de antígeno, inquérito sorológico pelo teste ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) e descrição de fatores de risco atrav´s de abordagem etnográfica." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-8C8GGB.
Анотація:
A alternativa do teste sorológico ELISA traz vantagens para os estudos epidemiológicos da infecção suína. Neste sentido, foi objetivo deste trabalho produzir um antigeno e padronizar o teste. O antígeno doi preparado a partir do extrato de cisticercos totais colhidos de porcos naturalmente infectados. O material foi triturado, sonicado, centrifugado e purificado. Foi produzido um antígeno com concentração de 5,7 mg/ml. Após a produção, segui-se a padronização do teste para se determninar as condições ótimas de adsorção, concentração, de reagentes, pH, temperatura e tempo de incubação. As melhores concentrações para a realização do teste foram: 10mg/ml do antígeno, 1:200 de soro e 1:4000 de anti-soro.
46
Zanette, Maurício Franco [UNESP]. "Comparação entre os métodos de ELISA, imunofluorescência indireta e imunocromatografia para o diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92183.
Анотація:
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A importância do diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina no Brasil reside no fato de que, dentre as estratégias de controle da doença indicadas pela Fundação Nacional de Saúde, encontra-se a eliminação do cão doméstico sorologicamente positivo. Desta forma, torna-se necessário o conhecimento da sensibilidade e da especificidade das provas sorológicas utilizadas para a correta identificação destes animais. Para avaliar o desempenho dos métodos sorológicos no diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina, foram determinadas e comparadas as características dos métodos de ELISA, reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) e imunocromatografia, adotando-se como padrão o método parasitológico. Para tanto, foram utilizados 50 cães naturalmente acometidos por leishmaniose visceral e 45 cães sadios provenientes de área não endêmica para a doença. A RIFI revelou sensibilidade de 98% e especificidade de 91,1%, além de ótima concordância com o método parasitológico (Kappa = 0,893). Os métodos de ELISA e de imunocromatografia apresentaram boa concordância com o método parasitológico (coeficientes Kappa de 0,788 e 0,769, respectivamente) e valores de sensibilidade de 94% e 86% e especificidade de 84,4% e 91,1%, respectivamente. Com relação à ocorrência de reações cruzadas com leishmaniose visceral, das 14 amostras de soro positivas para doença de Chagas, nove (64,3%) foram consideradas positivas pela técnica de ELISA e seis (42,9%) pela RIFI, não se observando resultados positivos por imunocromatografia. Das 13 amostras de soros de animais portadores de erliquiose, uma (7,7%) apresentou resultado positivo por meio dos métodos de ELISA e de imunocromatografia.
The importance of canine visceral leishmaniasis diagnosis in Brazil is based on the fact that, according to the Ministry of Health, a seropositive dog must be culled. Thus, itþs important to know the sensitivity and specificity values of the methods employed for the diagnosis of the disease. To evaluate the performance of the available sorological tests for the diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis it was determined and compared the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA, indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and immunochromatographic test using the parasitological test as the gold standard. For this purposal, the study was carried out with a group of 50 naturally infected dogs from an endemic area and 45 healthy dogs from a non endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis. The IFAT was 98% sensitive and 91,1% specific, and showed a very good concordance with the parasitiological test (k = 0,893). The ELISA showed a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 84,4% and when kappa index was analysed, a good concordance was obseved (k = 0,788). The immunochromatographic test was 86% sensisitive and 91,1% specific and showed a good concordance with the parasitiological test (k = 0,769). About the occurrence of cross reaction with visceral leishmaniasis, nine (64,3%) out of 14 positive samples for Chagas disease were positive by ELISA and six (42,9%) out of 14 were positive by IFAT, while the immunocromatographic test didn t yield any positive result. One (7,7%), out of 13 positive samples for ehrlichiosis, was positive by ELISA and immunocromatografic test. Five (83,3%) out of six positive samples for ehrlichiosis and babesiosis were positive by ELISA and three (50%) by immunocromatography, while IFAT didnþt yield any positive result. Five (50%) out of 10 positive samples for toxoplasmosis were positive by IFAT and one (10%) by immunocromatography.
47
Claude, Bayingana. "A molecular investigation of the prevalence of suspected periodontopathogens and their association with preterm birth." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_7812_1373278598.
Анотація:
More than 20 million infants in the world (15.5 % of all births) are born with low birth weight. Ninety-five % of them are in developing countries. Oral colonization of Gramnegative anaerobes has
been implicated as a risk factor for preterm delivery of low birth weight (PLBW) infants. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between periodontal pathogens and pre-term
delivery of low birth weight (PLBW) infants. The study sample included 200 randomly selected women admitted to the department of obstetrics-gynecology of the teaching hospital of Butare in
Rwanda. Mothers were asked to complete a questionnaire in order to identify factors which might pose a health risk to them and their infants. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected from each quadrant of the mother&rsquo
s month (using paper points) within 24 hours of delivery. Ten ml of foetal cord serum samples were collected at delivery and 10 ml of maternal serum samples were
collected within 48 of delivery. GCF was examined by PCR for the presence of 5 periodontopathogens and ELISA was used for the evaluation of cytokines (IL-6 and IL-10) and immunoglobulins (IgM, IgG) in foetal cord and maternal blood against the periodontopathogens. P. intermedia showed significant associations either on its own or in combinations with most indicators of
periodontal disease used in this study, while Aa and members of the red complex were significantly associated with gum bleeding and reduced frequency of tooth brushing. A strong association
between PLBW and maternal and foetal cord serum sample levels of IL-10 was observed. Also, a good association was observed between PLBW and FCB sample levels of IL-6. Significant
associations were observed between PLBW and maternal IgG against the different peridontopathogens. The findings of this study may suggest that the levels of maternal IgG and foetal IgM
against the different periodontopathogens are associated with dissemination of maternal periodontopathogens to the foetus thereby illiciting an inflammatory response which contributes to
PLBW.
48
Rütten, Simon, Gerald F. Schusser, Getu Abraham та Wieland Schrödl. "Release kinetics of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in the equine whole blood". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-205268.
Анотація:
Background: Horses are much predisposed and susceptible to excessive and acute inflammatory responses that cause the recruitment and stimulation of polymorphnuclear granulocytes (PMN) together with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and the release of cytokines. The aim of the study is to develop easy, quick, cheap and reproducible methods for measuring tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) in the equine whole blood cultures ex-vivo time- and concentration dependently. Results: Horse whole blood diluted to 10, 20 and 50 % was stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), PCPwL (a combination of phytohemagglutinin E, concanavalin A and pokeweed mitogen) or equine recombinant TNF-α (erTNF-α). TNF-α and IL-1Ra were analyzed in culture supernatants, which were collected at different time points using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Both cytokines could be detected optimal in stimulated 20 % whole blood cultures. TNF-α and IL-1Ra releases were time-dependent but the kinetic was different between them. PCPwL-induced TNF-α and IL-1Ra release was enhanced continuously over 24–48 h, respectively. Similarly, LPS-stimulated TNF-α was at maximum at time points between 8–12 h and started to decrease thereafter, whereas IL-1Ra peaked later between 12–24 h and rather continued to accumulate over 48 h. The equine recombinant TNF-α could induce also the IL-1Ra release. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that similar to PCPwL, LPS stimulated TNF-α and IL-1Ra production time-dependently in whole blood cultures, suggesting the suitability of whole blood cultures to assess the release of a variety of cytokines in health and diseases of horse.
49
Júnior, Evandro Antônio Bentes de Oliveira. "Alpha Glutationa S Transferase: marcador de lesão hepática em pacientes com hepatite pelo vírus C?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5144/tde-19032007-101313/.
Анотація:
INTRODUÇÃO E OBJETIVOS: A a-Glutathiona-S-transferase (aGST) vem sendo proposta como um marcador sensível e não-invasivo de lesão hepática em pacientes com Hepatite pelo vírus C. Avaliamos neste trabalho como a (aGST) se correlaciona com características bioquímicas e histológicas em pacientes com HCV. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Realizamos a determinação da concentração plasmática das aGST, alanina aminotransferase (ALT), aspartato aminotransferase (AST) e gama-glutamyltransferase (gGT) em 114 pacientes com HCV, dos quais 97 foram submetidos à biópsia hepática em até 6 meses da realização dos testes bioquímicos. Avaliamos também os níveis de aGST em 66 doadores de sangue sadios, que serviram como controles. Comparamos os níveis de aGST com as demais provas bioquímicas e a histologia hepática. RESULTADOS: A aGST estava elevada em 85.96% dos pacientes com HCV e mostrou associação com a elevação das aminotransferases (p<0.01). O valor de 4mg/dL mostrou as melhores sensibilidade (85,96%) e especificidade (92,42%) para determinar a normalidade do teste aGST. aGST ³ 8mg/dL mostrou a melhor especificidade para determinar lesão histológica hepática mais agressiva e o melhor valor preditivo positivo e razão de verossimilhança positiva para inflamação portal e atividade parenquimatosa mais agressiva nos pacientes com HCV. CONCLUSÕES: A aGST está relacionada à lesão hepática na infecção pelo HCV (valor de corte = 4mg/dL) e lesões histológicas hepáticas mais agressivas (valor de corte = 8mg/dL). Neste contexto, a aGST poderia ser utilizada em pacientes com Hepatite pelo HCV com ALT elevada, como um indicador complementar de lesão histopatológica mais agressiva. Entretanto, seu valor preditivo positivo não é suficientemente elevado para evitar a necessidade de realizar a biópsia hepática, mesmo quando está acima de 8mg/dL.BACKGROUND/AIMS: a-Glutathione-S-transferase (aGST) has been proposed as a sensitive non-invasive indicator of hepatocellular injury due to Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In this work, we evaluate how alpha-GST concentration correlates with biochemical and histological features in HCV patients. METHODS: We assayed plasma aGST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), spartate aminotransferase (AST) and gama-glutamyl-transferase (gGT) in 114 HCV+ patients, among whom liver biopsy was performed in 97, within 6 months of the biochemical evaluation. We also assessed aGST levels in 66 health blood donors, aimed to serve as control. We compared aGST levels with other biochemical tests and liver histology. RESULTS: In 85.96% of HCV patients aGST was elevated and showed association with serum aminotransferases (p<0.01). The value of 4mg/dL (or lower) showed the best sensitivity (85.96%) and specificity (92.42%) to determine normality on the aGST test. aGST levels 8mg/dL and higher showed the best specificity to determine the presence of more aggressive liver histological damage among HCV patients and the best predictive positive value and positive likelihood for more aggressive portal inflammation and lobular activity. CONCLUSION: aGST is related to HCV infection (cut-off = 4mg/dL) and more aggressive liver histological damage (cut-off = 8mg/dL). In this sense, aGST could be used in HCV patients with altered ALT levels as an indicator of more aggressive hystopathological damage. However, its positive predictive value (PPV) is not high enough to preclude the decision of performing hepatic biopsy, even when it is above 8mg/dL.
50
Coelho, Natalia Marinho Dourado [UNESP]. "Ocorrência de Cryptosporidium spp. em crianças e seus respectivos cães e gatos de estimação no município de Andradina, SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94702.
Анотація:
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESP (FUNDUNESP)
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência de Cryptosporidium spp. em crianças e seus respectivos cães e gatos de estimação residentes no Município de Andradina, SP, por meio do Teste de Imunoadsorção Enzimática (ELISA). Durante o período de janeiro a agosto de 2009, foram analisadas 188 amostras fecais de crianças, bem como de seus respectivos cães e gatos de estimação para pesquisa de Cryptosporidium spp. O teste quiquadrado (χ2) foi utilizado para verificar a associação entre as variáveis: sexo, idade, raça e consistência fecal, com nível de significância de 5%. Pelo ELISA foi detectado Cryptosporidium spp. em em amostras fecais de 2,1% (4/188) das crianças com idade inferior a sete anos. Entre os animais examinados, 6,8% (9/132) dos cães e 5,4% (3/56) felinos apresentaram amostras positivas para este coccídeo. Tanto nas crianças como nos animais não houve influencia do sexo e da idade na detecção do Cryptosporidium spp. sendo que nestes últimos a raça também não influenciou (P> 0,05). Neste trabalho foi evidenciada uma baixa ocorrência deste parasito nas crianças, assim só será possível determinar com precisão a relação entre a infecção das crianças com dos animais, com a posterior caracterização molecular deste protozoário.
The objective this study was to evaluate the occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. in children and their dogs and pet cats in the city of Andradina, SP. through Test-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), during the period from January to August 2009, we analyzed 188 fecal samples from children, as well as their dogs and pet cats for detection of Cryptosporidium spp. The chi-square test (χ2) was used to verify the association between gender, age, race and fecal consistency, with a significance level of 5%. Using ELISA was detected Cryptosporidium spp. in stool samples in 2.1% (4/188) of children under the age of seven years. Among the animals examined, 6.8% (9/132) of dogs and 5.4% (3/56) cats had positive samples for this coccidium. Both children and animals there was no influence of sex and age on the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. being that in these last race did not influence (P> 0.05). This study demonstrated a low occurrence of this parasite in children, so only you can accurately determine the relationship between the infection of children with the animal with the molecular characterization of this parasite.