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Статті в журналах з теми "Psychosocial Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 15 вересня 2021

Оновлено: 5 лютого 2022

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1

Monteleone, P., P. Scognamiglio, B. Canestrelli, I. Serino, A. M. Monteleone та M. Maj. "Asymmetry of salivary cortisol and α-amylase responses to psychosocial stress in anorexia nervosa but not in bulimia nervosa". Psychological Medicine 41, № 9 (2 лютого 2011): 1963–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291711000092.

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BackgroundThe stress response involves the activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). As a role for stress in determining of the onset and the natural course of eating disorders (EDs) has been proposed, the study of the psychobiology of the stress response in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) should be helpful in understanding the pathophysiology of these disorders. The two neurobiological components of the stress response can be easily explored in humans by the measurement of salivary cortisol and α-amylase response to a stressor. Therefore, we assessed salivary cortisol and α-amylase responses to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) in symptomatic patients with AN and BN compared to healthy controls.MethodSeven AN women, eight BN women and eight age-matched healthy females underwent the TSST between 1530 and 1700 h. Salivary cortisol and α-amylase levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsCompared to healthy women, AN patients showed a normal cortisol response to the TSST, although this occurred at significantly increased hormone levels, and an almost complete absence of response of α-amylase. BN women, however, exhibited enhanced pre-stress levels of salivary α-amylase but a normal response of the enzyme and cortisol to the TSST.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate, for the first time, the occurrence of an asymmetry between the HPA axis and SNS components of the stress response in the acute phase of AN but not in BN. The pathophysiological significance of this asymmetry remains to be determined.

2

Engvall, Eva. "The ELISA, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay." Clinical Chemistry 56, no. 2 (February 1, 2010): 319–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2009.127803.

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3

Lequin, Rudolf M. "Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA)/Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)." Clinical Chemistry 51, no. 12 (December 1, 2005): 2415–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2005.051532.

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Abstract This brief note addresses the historical background of the invention of the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These assays were developed independently and simultaneously by the research group of Peter Perlmann and Eva Engvall at Stockholm University in Sweden and by the research group of Anton Schuurs and Bauke van Weemen in The Netherlands. Today, fully automated instruments in medical laboratories around the world use the immunoassay principle with an enzyme as the reporter label for routine measurements of innumerable analytes in patient samples. The impact of EIA/ELISA is reflected in the overwhelmingly large number of times it has appeared as a keyword in the literature since the 1970s. Clinicians and their patients, medical laboratories, in vitro diagnostics manufacturers, and worldwide healthcare systems owe much to these four inventors.

4

Shah, Karishma, and Panagiotis Maghsoudlou. "Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA): the basics." British Journal of Hospital Medicine 77, no. 7 (July 2, 2016): C98—C101. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2016.77.7.c98.

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5

Kohl, Thomas O., and Carl A. Ascoli. "Direct Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)." Cold Spring Harbor Protocols 2017, no. 7 (July 2017): pdb.prot093740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.prot093740.

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6

Kohl, Thomas O., and Carl A. Ascoli. "Indirect Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)." Cold Spring Harbor Protocols 2017, no. 7 (July 2017): pdb.prot093757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.prot093757.

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7

Hidayat, Rachmat, and Patricia Wulandari. "Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Technique Guideline." Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research 5, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 352–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32539/bsm.v5i2.228.

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A B S T R A C TELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is a technique used to assessthe quantification of peptide, protein, antibody and hormone levels, basedon the principle of antigen-antibody binding. In the ELISA technique, antigenimmobilization will be carried out on a solid surface, then bound withantibodies to form an antigen-antibody bond complex, where the antigen-antibody complex is bound to the enzyme. The detection signal in the formof a color change will be formed due to the reaction between the enzyme andthe substrate.

8

Cleary, J. D., S. W. Chapman, J. Deng, and C. J. Lobb. "Amphotericin B enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 40, no. 3 (March 1996): 637–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.40.3.637.

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Our purpose was to develop and characterize an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) which could measure the concentration of amphotericin B in serum. Amphotericin B was assayed by competition ELISA. Multiwell ELISA plates coated with amphotericin B (1.0 micrograms/ml) conjugated to bovine serum albumin were used to test replicates of serum samples spiked with amphotericin B. Purified rabbit polyclonal antibody against amphotericin B (1.4 micrograms/ml) was added subsequent to the instillation of samples spiked with unknown amounts of amphotericin B. Experiments were performed to test the sensitivity, specificity, precision, and accuracy of the assay. The ability to measure lipid-associated amphotericin B was also evaluated in preliminary studies. Analysis of reference samples containing amphotericin B yielded a traditional sigmoidal curve. The limits of detection were 0.15 to 156 micrograms/ml. The sensitivity of the assay was affected by light and temperature exposure. Assay specificity was altered only by the presence of nystatin, a polyene antifungal agent similar to amphotericin B. Intrarun (coefficient of variation = 3.0%) and interrun (coefficient of variation = 12.8%) coefficients of variation were calculated and were comparable to those in similar assays. The assay's correlation coefficient (r = 0.907) demonstrated a statistically significant correlation between the optical density of the sample and the concentration of drug in the sample. The amphotericin B ELISA's ease, precision, and overall accuracy suggest that this assay could be used for assessments of serum amphotericin B concentrations. Multiple research questions concerning the role of serum amphotericin B concentrations in toxicity and efficacy have gone unanswered because of the labor-intensive nature of the assays which have been available to date. The ability to easily and rapidly measure 40 duplicate samples containing amphotericin B should also prove to be a distinct advantage for clinical research or reference laboratories in addressing these questions.

9

Spinner, Sabine, Georg Stöffler, and Ernst Fink. "Quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for hirudin." Journal of Immunological Methods 87, no. 1 (February 1986): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(86)90346-7.

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10

Dillen, L., J. De Block, L. Van Lear, and W. De Potter. "Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for chromogranin A." Clinical Chemistry 35, no. 9 (September 1, 1989): 1934–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/35.9.1934.

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Abstract This is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for determining chromogranin A (CGA) with use of a monoclonal antibody. CGA was isolated from bovine chromaffin granules. The analytical ELISA procedure for bovine CGA was developed and optimized. Typical standard curves ranged from 500 pg to 500 ng of CGA. We then studied human plasma CGA-immunoreactivity as measured by this assay. The curve for dilutions of human plasma paralleled the standard curve for bovine CGA. The intra-assay coefficient of variation for determination of human plasma CGA was 4.56%, indicating that reliable determinations can be performed for human plasma. However, further study revealed the presence of two CGA-immunoreactive substances in human plasma, one of which corresponds to the native CGA. The nature of the second immunoreactive substance still remains unknown. Nevertheless the measured CGA concentrations (ranging from 0.19 to 0.35 mg/L) in plasma are comparable with previously reported values.

11

Mendoza, L. G., P. McQuary, A. Mongan, R. Gangadharan, S. Brignac, and M. Eggers. "High-Throughput Microarray-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)." BioTechniques 27, no. 4 (October 1999): 778–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/99274rr01.

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12

Karpinski, K. F. "Optimality Assessment in the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)." Biometrics 46, no. 2 (June 1990): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2531443.

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13

Snyder, D. B. "Latest Developments in the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)." Avian Diseases 30, no. 1 (January 1986): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1590607.

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14

PRICE, LAURA J., and ROGER HARRISON. "Sensitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for xanthine oxidase." Biochemical Society Transactions 21, no. 2 (May 1, 1993): 102S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst021102s.

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15

NAMBIAR, P. T. C., and V. ANJAIAH. "Enumeration of rhizobia by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)." Journal of Applied Bacteriology 58, no. 2 (February 1985): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1985.tb01446.x.

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16

Elder, P. A., and J. G. Lewis. "An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for plasma testosterone." Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 22, no. 5 (May 1985): 635–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4731(85)90217-1.

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17

Lewis, J. G., and P. A. Elder. "An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for plasma cortisol." Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 22, no. 5 (May 1985): 673–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4731(85)90222-5.

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18

Ginige, Shamila, Robert Flower, James Daly, and Tanya Powley. "Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for anti-D quantification." Pathology 53 (July 2021): S44—S45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2021.06.091.

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19

XU, Yi-Chun, Guang S. Zhang, and Fun S. Chu. "Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Deoxynivalenol in Corn and Wheat." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 71, no. 5 (September 1, 1988): 945–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/71.5.945.

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Abstract The availability of antibody against deoxynivalenol (DON) triacetate (Tri-Ac-DON) has enabled development of a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an indirect ELISA for DON in corn and wheat. In both assays, DON is extracted from the sample with acetonitrile- water, reacted with acetic anhydride to form Tri- Ac-DON, and diluted in phosphate buffer for analysis. Direct ELISA was found to be the more sensitive procedure. Fewer interferences are evidenced, and the assay is less time consuming than is indirect ELISA. For direct ELISA, recovery of 10-1000 ppb DON added to corn and wheat was 100% (SD 15, CV 15%) and 102.1% (SD 12.2, CV 11.9%), respectively. For indirect ELISA, overall recovery of 10- 1000 ppb DON added to wheat was 121.5% (SD 39.5, CV 32.5%); in the higher concentration range (500-1000 ppb), recovery was 105% (SD 18, CV 17%). The minimal detection level for DON was around 10 ppb. Analysis of 7 naturally contaminated samples for DON showed that the ELISA results agreed well with those obtained by radioimmunoassay and thin-layer chromatography.

20

Chu, Fun S., and Titan S. L. Fan. "Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Saxitoxin in Shellfish." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 68, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/68.1.13.

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Abstract An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection of saxitoxin (STX). Antibodies against STX were demonstrated in rabbits 5 weeks after immunizing with STX-bovine serum albumin (STX-HCHO-BSA). In the ELISA, STX-HCHO-BSA or polylysine-STX was coated onto the microtiter plate, followed by incubation with standard toxin and anti-STX antibody. The amount of antibody bound to the solid phase was determined by incubation with goat anti-rabbit IgG peroxidase conjugate and a reaction with chromogenic substrate. Competitive indirect ELISA revealed that the antiserum did not cross-react with either carbamoyl-neo-STX-suIfate or tetrodotoxin. The antibodies for STX cross-reacted with decarbamoyl- STX and neo-STX about 56% and 16% as much as they did with STX, respectively. The lower detection limits for STX, decarbamoyl-STX, and neo-STX in this sytem were about 25, 45, and 156 pg per assay, respectively. When STX added to clams or mussels was assayed, the detection limit for STX was about 50-100 ppb, and recoveries were in the range of 86.8-107%.

21

Madeali, Mun Imah, and Nurhidayah Nurhidayah. "KIT ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY UNTUK DETEKSI WSSV PADA UDANG." Jurnal Riset Akuakultur 6, no. 1 (April 30, 2011): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.6.1.2011.131-137.

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Komponen dasar yang penting dan menentukan keberhasilan pengendalian suatu penyakit dalam bidang perikanan adalah informasi tentang patogen secara dini, cepat, dan akurat, serta epidemi penyakit di lapangan. Teknik serologi, khususnya ELISA, merupakan salah satu teknik yang menjanjikan untuk keperluan tersebut, karena relatif mudah dan murah, serta berpeluang untuk digunakan secara langsung di lapangan. Telah dilakukan uji lapang terhadap perangkat Kit ELISA yang telah diproduksi oleh Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau. Hasil uji lapang menunjukkan bahwa Kit ELISA dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi penyakit WSSV pada udang windu, dengan waktu ± 3 jam untuk setiap kali pengujian mulai persiapan sampai pembacaan hasil uji. Hasil Kit ELISA lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan metode PCR yang memerlukan waktu 24 jam. Biaya yang diperlukan untuk mendeteksi satu sampel juga lebih ekonomis yaitu ± Rp 35.000,- dibandingkan dengan PCR (Rp 150.000,- – Rp 300.000,-) per sampel

22

Jiao, Lei, Lianhua Zhang, Wenwen Du, He Li, Dingyu Yang, and Chengzhou Zhu. "Au@Pt nanodendrites enhanced multimodal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay." Nanoscale 11, no. 18 (2019): 8798–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr08741e.

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Single modal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) covering colorimetric, fluorescence, and chemiluminescence techniques has been widely reported in recent years, whereas the combination of multiple signal channels in one immunosensing platform still faces huge challenges.

23

Sathe, Manisha, Shruti Srivastava, Sumit Agrawal, and Ramrao Ghorpade. "Effect of Spacer and the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay." Defence Science Journal 66, no. 5 (September 30, 2016): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.66.10700.

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The effect of spacers and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) formats on the functional parameters of assays such as lower detection limit, inhibitory concentration at 50 per cent (IC50), and specificity were studied. Enzyme conjugates having hydrophobic and hydrophilic spacers were prepared using O-isopropyl methylphosphonic acid (IMPA) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as an enzyme label. Comparison was made with reference to enzyme conjugate without any spacer. The present investigation revealed that the presence of a hydrophilic spacer in the enzyme conjugate significantly improves the sensitivity of assays. An enhanced IC50 value achieved was 0.01 μg mL−1 for free antigen detection by direct immunoassay using hydrophilic spacers and precoating of ELISA plates by secondary antibody. The use of a hydrophilic spacer might have helped in projecting the hapten in the aqueous phase, leading to enhanced antibody binding signal and improved sensitivity of the assay.

24

Jia, Qingyun, Hans-Uwe Dahms, and Lan Wang. "Detection of Metallothionein Proteins by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)." Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 21, no. 7 (June 16, 2020): 544–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201020666191127124629.

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Metallothioneins (MTs) are low-molecular-weight, cysteine-rich proteins that bind to heavy metals. MTs play a key role in the homeostasis of metal ions, maintaining intracellular redox equilibria and free radical scavenging. In several studies, under different conditions such as cancer development, drug therapy and heavy metal stress, the unique structural changes and functional effects of MT were studied. Although several assays are available to monitor the content and type of Metallothionein (MT) from environmental samples or in biomedical assays, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) became the preferred method of MT detection. ELISA is low in cost, specific, simple, and efficient. This review evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of using different types of ELISA in the detection of metallothioneins from environmental or clinical samples as well as ways of its validation and cross-validation.

25

Zeng, Kun, Yanmin Zou, Jianxia Liu, Wei Wei, Meng Zhang, Jun Zhou, Zhen Zhang, and Zikuan Gai. "Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for triclocarban in aquatic environments." Water Science and Technology 72, no. 10 (July 20, 2015): 1682–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.366.

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A sensitive, competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection of triclocarban (TCC) in waters and sediments. Haptens were synthesized by derivatizing the paraposition of a phenyl moiety of TCC. The synthesized hapten was then coupled to bovine thyroglobulin to be used as an immunogen, based on which, a high affinity monoclonal antibody 4D5 was produced with the hybridoma technique. Under the optimized conditions, using the monoclonal antibody, excellent performances of the assay were obtained: satisfactory sensitivity (IC50 (50% inhibition concentration) value, 0.43 ng/mL; limit of detection, 0.05 ng/mL); good linear range (0.05–10 ng/mL); and satisfactory accuracy (recoveries 70.7–107% in waters; 74.8–98.3% in sediments). Furthermore, TCC was found with the concentration ranging from not detected to 422.12 ng/L in waters and from 6.68 ng/g to 78.67 ng/g in sediments in Yunliang River, Ancient Canal and Hongqiao Port in Zhenjiang City. In conclusion ELISA could be applied for monitoring TCC in aquatic environments.

26

Zijlstra, E. E., N. S. Daifalla, P. A. Kager, E. A. G. Khalil, A. M. El-Hassan, S. G. Reed, and H. W. Ghalib. "rK39 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Diagnosis of Leishmania donovani Infection." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 5, no. 5 (September 1, 1998): 717–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.5.5.717-720.1998.

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ABSTRACT The rK39 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was compared with the direct agglutination test (DAT) for Leishmania donovani infection in the Sudan. rK39 ELISA proved more sensitive than DAT in diagnosis of kala-azar (93 and 80%, respectively); both tests may remain positive up to 24 months after treatment. For patients with post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis and individuals with subclinical infection, rK39 ELISA performed as well as DAT but could detect infection 6 months earlier in ∼40% of patients. Conversion in DAT and rK39 ELISA also occurred in leishmanin skin test (LST)-positive individuals, suggesting active parasite replication (rK39 is an amastigote antigen) in these presumably immune individuals. In contrast to DAT, rK39 ELISA also detected infection in randomly selected LST-positive individuals (in four of six) and endemicity (LST-negative) controls (in one of five). rK39 ELISA appears more sensitive than DAT and may prove an important tool in epidemiological studies.

27

Singh, Harpal, Takahiro Morita, Yuma Suzuki, Masayuki Shimojima, An Le Van, Masami Sugamata, and Ming Yang. "High sensitivity, high surface area Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)." Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering 26, no. 3-4 (December 18, 2015): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/bme-151561.

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28

Tarakanova, Yu N., A. D. Dmitriev, D. A. Dmitriev, V. F. Lavrov, Yu S. Massino, А. A. Pechelyulko, and O. L. Segal. "The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA): history, theory and application." Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology, no. 3 (August 22, 2019): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2019-3-117-125.

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29

MATSUBARA, Akimasa, Shigeru MIHARA, and Riichi KUSUDA. "Quantitation of yellowtail immunoglobulin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)." NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 51, no. 6 (1985): 921–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.51.921.

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30

Srivastava, N., U. Manaktala, and C. P. Baveja. "Role of ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) in genital tuberculosis." International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 57, no. 2 (May 1997): 205–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7292(97)02878-6.

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31

Schmeer, N., H. Krauss, D. Werth, and H. G. Schiefer. "Serodiagnosis of Q fever by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)." Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Series A: Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Parasitology 267, no. 1 (November 1987): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0176-6724(87)80187-6.

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32

Otnaess, Anne-Brit Kolstø, Alf Meberg, and Hans Andreas Sande. "Plasma Lactoferrin Measured by an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)." Scandinavian Journal of Haematology 31, no. 3 (April 24, 2009): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0609.1983.tb00646.x.

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33

Sibley, Deborah E. T., Graham Ramsay, Glenn J. Lubrano, and George G. Guilbault. "Stability and Reusability of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Plates." Analytical Letters 26, no. 8 (August 1993): 1623–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00032719308021484.

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34

Székács, A., H. M. Le, D. Knopp, and R. Niessner. "A modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for polyaromatic hydrocarbons." Analytica Chimica Acta 399, no. 1-2 (November 1999): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(99)00583-8.

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35

Bergmann, S. M., Q. Wang, W. Zeng, Y. Li, Y. Wang, M. Matras, M. Reichert, et al. "Validation of a KHV antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)." Journal of Fish Diseases 40, no. 11 (May 4, 2017): 1511–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12621.

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36

Stowell, Leena I., Lionel E. Sharman, and Keith Hamel. "An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for prostate-specific antigen." Forensic Science International 50, no. 1 (July 1991): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-0738(91)90141-5.

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37

Murakami, Tomonori, Kenji Hiraoka, Takeshi Mikami, Tatsuji Matsumoto, Susumu Katagiri, and Masuko Suzuki. "Detection ofBacillus cereusFlagellar Antigen by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)." Microbiology and Immunology 35, no. 3 (March 1991): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1348-0421.1991.tb01551.x.

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38

LEWIS, D. H. "An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting penaeid baculovirus." Journal of Fish Diseases 9, no. 6 (November 1986): 519–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1986.tb01048.x.

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39

Asensio, Luis, Isabel González, Teresa García, and Rosario Martín. "Determination of food authenticity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)." Food Control 19, no. 1 (January 2008): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2007.02.010.

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40

Edevåg, G., M. Grandien, and I. Mares. "An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA, for SV40 antigen detection." Journal of Virological Methods 11, no. 4 (August 1985): 347–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-0934(85)90028-x.

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41

Lewis, John G., Laurette Manley, J. Crispin Townsend, and Peter A. Elder. "An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for urinary free cortisol." Clinica Chimica Acta 159, no. 2 (September 1986): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(86)90053-7.

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42

Shimojo, Naoki, Yoichi Kohno, Osamu Tarutani, Nozomu Sasaki, and Hironori Nakajima. "Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IgG antibodies to thyroglobulin." Clinica Chimica Acta 163, no. 1 (February 1987): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(87)90032-5.

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43

Nunez Rodriguez, J., O. Kah, M. Geffard, and F. Le Menn. "Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for sole (Solea vulgaris) vitellogenin." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry 92, no. 4 (January 1989): 741–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-0491(89)90260-5.

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44

Ghurafa, Rinaldi, Denny Widaya Lukman, and Hadri Latif. "Indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay Sebagai Metode untuk Melacak Bruselosis pada Sapi Perah (INDIRECT ENZYME IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY (I-ELISA) AS METHOD FOR DETECT BRUCELLOSIS IN DAIRY COW)." Jurnal Veteriner 20, no. 1 (May 24, 2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.19087/jveteriner.2019.20.1.30.

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Brucellosis has become a zoonotic disease that received attention in efforts to prevent and eradicate strategic infectious animal diseases in Indonesia. Brucellosis can be detected early by the rose bengal test (RBT), followed by complement fixation test (CFT) and by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The aims of this research was to study the indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay test (I-ELISA) as an alternative test for detecting brucellosis in dairy cattle. The method was used by conducting tests of RBT, CFT, I-ELISA and commercial I-ELISA to test brucellosis. The test results were calculated sensitivity and specificity, as well as analyzed by calculating the kappa value. The method was used by conducting tests of RBT, CFT, I-ELISA and commercial I-ELISA to test brucellosis. The test results were calculated for sensitivity and specificity, as well as analyzed by calculating the Kappa statistical value. The results of the sensitivity and specificity calculation showed that the indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) test developed a higher sensitivity (100%) compared to RBT test (93.75%) and commercial I-ELISA (93.75%). The developed I-ELISA specificity (74.68%) was still lower than RBT (89.87%), but higher than commercial I-ELISA (70.52%). The calculation of the statistical value of kappa RBT with CFT showed the kappa value 0.7120 which meaned it had a good agreement, commercial I-ELISA with CFT showed kappa value 0.6165 which meaned it had good suitability, whereas I-ELISA developed with CFT showed kappa value 0.4984 which meaned having a moderate agreement.In conclusion, the indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) which had been developed had low specificity, but the sensitivity was the highest compared to the commercial I-ELISA test and RBT, so this test was appropriate to be used as a screening test, especially in dairy cows movement into brucellosis-free areas or regions.

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GARBER, ERIC A. E. "Detection of Melamine Using Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Technology." Journal of Food Protection 71, no. 3 (March 1, 2008): 590–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-71.3.590.

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Recent cases of adulteration with melamine have led to the need for rapid and reliable screening methods. To meet this need, commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test kits for the detection of triazines were evaluated. The recently released Melamine Plate kit (Abraxis, Warminster, Pa.) displayed a limit of detection of 9 ng/ml for melamine in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and approximately 1 μg/ml for melamine added to dog food. An atrazine ELISA test kit produced by Abraxis required 0.2 mg/ml to generate a response more than four times the standard deviation from background. In contrast, with the EnviroGard Triazine Plate kit (Strategic Diagnostics, Inc., Newark, Del.), 1.5 mg/ml melamine in PBS generated a signal only one standard deviation from background, which was insufficient to define a limit of detection. Extraction based on dilution with 105 mM sodium phosphate/75 mM NaCl/2.5% nonfat milk/0.05% Tween 20 (UD) enabled detection of fivefold less melamine in dog food than did use of the procedure recommended by the manufacturer, which entailed extraction into 60% methanol, sonication, centrifugation, filtration, and further dilution into 10% methanol/PBS. Using the Abraxis Melamine ELISA, both extraction protocols yielded identical results with a dog food sample adulterated with mela-mine. The recovery of melamine spiked into gravy from dog food using UD was 74% ± 4%. In conclusion, the recently released Abraxis ELISA for melamine proved to be a useful alternative to more cumbersome methods.

46

Lee, Rachel C., Ru-Dong Wei, and Fun S. Chu. "Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for T-2 Toxin Metabolites in Urine." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 72, no. 2 (March 1, 1989): 345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/72.2.345.

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Abstract A direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for determination of total T-2 toxin metabolites in urine was developed. The assay involves coating anti-3-acetyl-neosolaniol-hemisuccinate- bovine serum albumin conjugate (anti-3-Ac-NEOS-HS-BSA) antibody to the ELISA plate and using 3-Ac-NEOS-HS-peroxidase as the enzyme marker. Competitive ELISA revealed that the antibody had good cross-reactivity with acetyldiacetoxyscirpenol (Ac-DAS), T-2 tetraol tetraacetate, 3'-OH-Ac-T-2, 3-Ac-NEOS, and 3,4,15- triacetyl-12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-en-8-one (Ac-T-2-8-one), but less cross-reactivity with Ac-T-2 toxin and T-2 toxin. All metabolites of T-2 toxin in urine were converted to T-2 tetraol tetraacetate (T-2- 4ol-4Ac) by acetylation of the sample extract before ELISA. To test the ELISA accuracy, a radioimmunoassay (RIA) was performed simultaneously. The linear portion of the standard curve of this direct ELISA for T-2-4ol-4Ac was 0.2-2.0 ng/mL, which was 10 times more sensitive than RIA. The minimum detection level for T-2-4ol- 4Ac was 0.02 ng/mL (0.4 pg/assay) in the absence of urine sample. The overall analytical recoveries for T-2 toxin, HT-2, T-2-4ol, 3'- OH-HT-2, NEOS, and a mixture of these 5 toxins added to the urine samples in the ELISA at concentrations of 0.05 and 0.2 ng/mL were 87 and 94%, respectively.

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Koppelman, Stef J., Gülsen Söylemez, Lynn Niemann, Ferdelie E. Gaskin, Joseph L. Baumert, and Steve L. Taylor. "Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detecting Sesame Seed in Foods." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/853836.

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Small amounts of sesame can trigger allergic reactions in sesame-allergic patients. Because sesame is a widely used food ingredient, analytical methods are needed to support quality control and food safety programs in the food industry. In this study, polyclonal antibodies against sesame seed proteins were raised, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection and quantification of sesame seed residue in food. A comparison was made between this ELISA and other assays, particularly focusing on recovery of sesame seed residue from different food matrices. The developed ELISA is sensitive with a lower limit of quantification of 0.5 ppm and shows essentially no cross-reactivity with other foods or food ingredients (92 tested). The ELISA has a good recovery for analyzing sesame-based tahini in peanut butter, outperforming one other test. In a baked bread matrix, the ELISA has a low recovery, while two other assays perform better. We conclude that a sensitive and specific ELISA can be constructed based on polyclonal antibodies, which is suitable for detection of small amounts of sesame seed relevant for highly allergic patients. Furthermore, we conclude that different food products may require different assays to ensure adequate quantification of sesame.

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Figuerêdo-Silva, José, Yoshimasa Kaneda, Hiroshi Tachibana, Rieko Furushima, Seiki Tateno, Fernando Gomes Correia-Lima, and Dalva Neves da Costa Bento. "Epidemiological survey of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in North-Eastern Brazil using different diagnostic methods." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 33, no. 3 (June 1991): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651991000300005.

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A survey of the prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection was carried out in Oitis, a small community in the State of Piaui, Brazil. Two hundred and sixty five individuals were screened by microscopic examination, hémoculture, indirect immunofluorescence (IFA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA) using the monoclonal antibody TCF87 against to a 25kd T. cruzi antigen. Seropositivity was 14.3% by the IFA test, 14.7% by ELISA, and 13.2% by C-ELISA. The C-ELISA using the TCF87 monoclonal antibody seems to be applicable in serodiagnosis of Chagas' disease.

49

Chegini, S., B. Ehrhart-Hofmann, A. Kaider, and F. Waldhauser. "Direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a radioimmunoassay for melatonin compared." Clinical Chemistry 41, no. 3 (March 1, 1995): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/41.3.381.

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Abstract A novel commercially available ELISA for direct measurement of melatonin concentration in serum was evaluated and compared with an RIA routinely used in our laboratory. The direct ELISA is technically simpler, requires a smaller sample volume (0.1 mL), and compares well with RIA in terms of stability of the calibration curve and intra- and interassay CVs. Correlation with RIA measurements is, however, suboptimal (y = 0.39x + 56; r = 0.65, P < 0.001; n = 138), which may be due to a serum effect, as evidenced by dilution studies. Furthermore, the detection range of the ELISA does not cover the physiological daytime melatonin concentrations in humans. Adding an extraction and 10-fold concentration step shifted the detection range of the ELISA to include low physiological concentrations as well. Correlation with RIA measurements also improved significantly (y = 0.97x-23; r = 0.95, P < 0.001; n = 105), probably due to removal of the serum effect. Although extraction increases the required sample volume (1.5 mL), work load, and procedure time, this step is necessary for the ELISA to compete successfully with RIA.

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Karem, Kevin L., Alysia C. Poon, Cynthia Bierl, Rosane Nisenbaum, and Elizabeth Unger. "Optimization of a Human Papillomavirus-Specific Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 9, no. 3 (May 2002): 577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.9.3.577-582.2002.

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ABSTRACT A strategy was developed for the control, standardization, and critical evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of human papillomavirus-specific immunoglobulin G in human sera. Control human sera, polyclonal animal sera, and monoclonal antibodies were used to establish optimal assay parameters, including antigen coating, serum dilutions, and criteria for daily reproducibility, monitoring, and rejection of assays. Three evaluation techniques were used in parallel to define an optimal cutoff absorbance value that yields greater than 93% sensitivity and 98.5% specificity in the assay's ability to discriminate positive and negative control sera. This strategy provides an optimal method by which to determine cutoff absorbance values for ELISA.