Готові списки джерел за темами / Strand Sheet

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Strand Sheet"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 13 вересня 2021
Оновлено: 3 лютого 2022

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  3. Книги
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Статті в журналах з теми "Strand Sheet":

1

Mattice, Wayne L., Eok Lee та Harold A. Scheraga. "Dominance of irregular structures in the formation of intramolecular antiparallel β sheets by homopolyamino acids". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 63, № 1 (1 січня 1985): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v85-023.

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A matrix formulation of the conformational partition function is used to assess the influence of irregular structures on the formation of intramolecular antiparallel β sheets. An antiparallel sheet is considered to be irregular if any pair of contiguous strands has an unequal number of residues. The regular structures in the model consist of antiparallel sheets in which every strand contains the same number of residues. Aside from a growth parameter t, the model contains two parameters that account for the influence of edge effects. Each tight turn contributes a factor δ, and each residue in the sheet that does not have a partner in a preceding strand contributes a factor τ. When τ < δ = 1, preferred sheets consist of an extremely large number of very short strands. Such sheets resemble those found in cross-β fibers. Irregular structures increase the cooperativity of the formation of cross-β fibers. They cause the fibers that are formed to be longer (have more strands) and thicker (have more residues per strand) than if all antiparallel sheets were regular. A much different result is obtained if end effects are modified so that the antiparallel sheets formed resemble those found in globular proteins. Formation of antiparallel sheets remains cooperative, but irregular sheets now markedly reduce the cooperativity of the transition. At high antiparallel-sheet content, irregular structures cause typical antiparallel sheets to be smaller. The behavior of the conformational partition function shows that irregular structures make the dominant contribution to both transitions. Therefore, formulations that restrict consideration to regular structures may provide a misleading picture of antiparallel-sheet formation.
2

Terwilliger, Thomas C. "Rapid model building of β-sheets in electron-density maps". Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 66, № 3 (12 лютого 2010): 276–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0907444910000302.

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A method for rapidly building β-sheets into electron-density maps is presented. β-Strands are identified as tubes of high density adjacent to and nearly parallel to other tubes of density. The alignment and direction of each strand are identified from the pattern of high density corresponding to carbonyl and Cβatoms along the strand averaged over all repeats present in the strand. The β-strands obtained are then assembled into a single atomic model of the β-sheet regions. The method was tested on a set of 42 experimental electron-density maps at resolutions ranging from 1.5 to 3.8 Å. The β-sheet regions were nearly completely built in all but two cases, the exceptions being one structure at 2.5 Å resolution in which a third of the residues in β-sheets were built and a structure at 3.8 Å in which under 10% were built. The overall average r.m.s.d. of main-chain atoms in the residues built using this method compared with refined models of the structures was 1.5 Å.
3

Zhang, Ning, Shan Gao, Lei Zhang, Jishou Ruan та Tao Zhang. "Statistical Analysis of Terminal Extensions of Protein β-Strand Pairs". Advances in Bioinformatics 2013 (28 січня 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/909436.

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The long-range interactions, required to the accurate predictions of tertiary structures of β-sheet-containing proteins, are still difficult to simulate. To remedy this problem and to facilitate β-sheet structure predictions, many efforts have been made by computational methods. However, known efforts on β-sheets mainly focus on interresidue contacts or amino acid partners. In this study, to go one step further, we studied β-sheets on the strand level, in which a statistical analysis was made on the terminal extensions of paired β-strands. In most cases, the two paired β-strands have different lengths, and terminal extensions exist. The terminal extensions are the extended part of the paired strands besides the common paired part. However, we found that the best pairing required a terminal alignment, and β-strands tend to pair to make bigger common parts. As a result, 96.97% of β-strand pairs have a ratio of 25% of the paired common part to the whole length. Also 94.26% and 95.98% of β-strand pairs have a ratio of 40% of the paired common part to the length of the two β-strands, respectively. Interstrand register predictions by searching interacting β-strands from several alternative offsets should comply with this rule to reduce the computational searching space to improve the performances of algorithms.
4

Somoza, C., P. C. Driscoll, J. G. Cyster, and A. F. Williams. "Mutational analysis of the CD2/CD58 interaction: the binding site for CD58 lies on one face of the first domain of human CD2." Journal of Experimental Medicine 178, no. 2 (August 1, 1993): 549–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.178.2.549.

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The adhesion interaction between the immunoglobulin superfamily molecules CD2 and CD58 (lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3) plays an important role in T cell and natural killer cell interaction with various antigen-presenting and target cells. Determination of the solution structure of rat CD2 domain 1 has allowed a model of human CD2 domain 1 to be generated, and a series of mutants based on this model have been made. Residues of domain 1 of human CD2 predicted to be solvent exposed were substituted with the equivalent residues present in the rat CD2 molecule. The ability of these mutants to mediate rosetting with human and sheep erythrocytes was studied. Results show that the binding site of CD2 for both human and sheep CD58 maps to the beta sheet containing beta strands CC'C"F and G. Residues K34 and E36 in beta strand C, R48 and K49 in beta strand C', and K91 and N92 in the loop connecting beta strands F and G are shown to be critical in the interaction. The data support the proposition that the interaction between CD2 and CD58 involves the major beta sheet face of CD2.
5

Balupuri, Anand, Kwang-Eun Choi та Nam Sook Kang. "Aggregation Mechanism of Alzheimer’s Amyloid β-Peptide Mediated by α-Strand/α-Sheet Structure". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, № 3 (7 лютого 2020): 1094. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21031094.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases and a widespread form of dementia. Aggregated forms of the amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) are identified as a toxic species responsible for neuronal damage in AD. Extensive research has been conducted to reveal the aggregation mechanism of Aβ. However, the structure of pathological aggregates and the mechanism of aggregation are not well understood. Recently, experimental studies have confirmed that the α-sheet structure in Aβ drives aggregation and toxicity in AD. However, how the α-sheet structure is formed in Aβ and how it contributes to Aβ aggregation remains elusive. In the present study, molecular dynamics simulations suggest that Aβ adopts the α-strand conformation by peptide-plane flipping. Multiple α-strands interact through hydrogen bonding to form α-sheets. This structure acts as a nucleus that initiates and promotes aggregation and fibrillation of Aβ. Our findings are supported by previous experimental as well as theoretical studies. This study provides valuable structural insights for the design of anti-AD drugs exploiting the α-strand/α-sheet structure.
6

Banach, Mateusz, Piotr Fabian, Katarzyna Stapor, Leszek Konieczny, Magdalena Ptak-Kaczor, and Irena Roterman. "The Status of Edge Strands in Ferredoxin-Like Fold." Symmetry 12, no. 6 (June 19, 2020): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12061032.

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There is an opinion in professional literature that edge-strands in β-sheet are critical to the processes of amyloid transformation. Propagation of fibrillar forms mainly takes place on the basis of β-sheet type interactions. In many proteins, the edge strands represent only a partially matched form to the β-sheet. Therefore, the edge-strand takes slightly distorted forms. The assessment of the level of arrangement can be carried out based on studying the secondary structure as well as the structure of the hydrophobic core. For this purpose, a fuzzy oil drop model was used to determine the contribution of each fragment with a specific secondary structure to the construction of the system being the effect of a certain synergy, which results in the construction of a hydrophobic core. Studying the participation of β-sheets edge fragments in the hydrophobic core construction is the subject of the current analysis. Statuses of these edge fragments in β-sheets in ferredoxin-like folds are treated as factors that disturb the symmetry of the system.
7

Arulanandam, A. R., A. Kister, M. J. McGregor, D. F. Wyss, G. Wagner, and E. L. Reinherz. "Interaction between human CD2 and CD58 involves the major beta sheet surface of each of their respective adhesion domains." Journal of Experimental Medicine 180, no. 5 (November 1, 1994): 1861–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.180.5.1861.

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The CD58 binding site on human CD2 was recently shown by nuclear magnetic resonance structural data in conjunction with site-directed mutagenesis to be a highly charged surface area covering approximately 770A2 on the major AGFCC'C" face of the CD2 immunoglobulin-like (Ig-like) NH2-terminal domain. Here we have identified the other binding surface of the CD2-CD58 adhesion pair by mutating charged residues shared among CD2 ligands (human CD58, sheep CD58, and human CD48) that are predicted to be solvent exposed on a molecular model of the Ig-like adhesion domain of human CD58. This site includes beta strand residues along the C strand (E25, K29, and K30), in the middle of the C' strand (E37) and in the G strand (K87). In addition, several residues on the CC' loop (K32, D33, and K34) form this site. Thus, the interaction between CD2 and CD58 involves the major beta sheet surface of each adhesion domain. Possible docking orientations for the CD2-CD58 molecular complex are offered. Strict conservation of human and sheep CD58 residues within the involved C and C' strands and CC' loop suggests that this region is particularly important for stable formation of the CD2-CD58 complex. The analysis of this complex offers molecular insight into the nature of a receptor-ligand pair involving two Ig family members.
8

Won, Chan Ho, Tadashi Abe, and Tae-Ho Ahn. "Mechanical properties of carbon fiber sheet and carbon fiber strand sheet based on carbon fibers for the reinforcement of highway bridge RC slabs." Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology 25, no. 6 (December 31, 2015): 290–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.6111/jkcgct.2015.25.6.290.

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9

Blicblau, A. S., S. Laird, and R. S. P. Coutts. "Air cured sisal strand reinforce cement sheet." International Journal of Materials and Product Technology 17, no. 1/2 (2002): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmpt.2002.001295.

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10

Aloni, Roni, and Carol A. Peterson. "Naturally Occurring Periderm Tubes Around Secondary Phloem Fibres in the Bark of Vitis Vinifera L." IAWA Journal 12, no. 1 (1991): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001203.

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The three-dimensional structure of periderm tubes, which normally occur in the bark of intact Vitis vinifera L. stems, is described. Each tube, which possesses several layers of mature phellem cells, differentiated around an individual strand of secondary phloem fibres within the bark. Following these peridermenclosed strands for their full length revealed that at one or two points the strand passed through a sheet of periderm and was exposed to the surrounding atmosphere. The tubes of suberised phellern within the bark isolated these strands of air-dried fibres from the living parenchyma cells around them and thus protected the bark from desiccation and pathogen attack.
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Статті в журналах Дисертації Книги

Дисертації з теми "Strand Sheet":

1

Sherry, Samuel Thomas. "Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Retrofits to Increase the Flexural Capacity of Deteriorated Steel Members." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104986.

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The load-carrying capacity of aging bridge members may at times be found insufficient due to deterioration and a historical trend towards increased truck axle loads beyond their design capacity. Structurally deficient bridges are problematic for bridge owners and users because they restrict traffic usage and require bridges to be posted (operate at less than their ideal capacity). Structural deficiency is the primary motivation for bridge owners to retrofit bridges to meet a specified operating demand. It may be required to replace or retrofit a portion or all of a deficient bridge. The replacement of an entire bridge or even a part of the bridge is generally less desirable than a retrofit solution because retrofits are generally a cheaper alternative to the entire replacement of a structure and usually do not require the bridge's closure. Standard strengthening solutions for corroded members include bolting or welding steel cover plates, replacing sections of the girder, or adding external prestressed tendons. However, these methods also have several challenges, including required lane closures, high installation costs, increased dead weight, and continuing corrosion issues. One alternative to conventional retrofits is the use of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates, which can be adhered to increase both strength and stiffness. CFRPs are a highly tailorable material with an extremely high strength-to-weight ratio, ease of installation and can potentially mitigate further corrosion concerns. Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) have already been widely accepted as a means of retrofitting reinforced concrete structures (AASHTO 2012, 2018a; ACI 2002, 2017; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering 2010, 2019) but have not yet been widely adopted in the steel industry due to the retrofit's material limitations (lower elastic modulus [less than 29,000 ksi], unanswered questions related to debonding, and no unified design or installation guides). However, newly developed materials and manufacturing processes have allowed for the economic development of stiffer CFRP materials suitable for steel structures, such as the high modulus (HM) CFRP strand sheet. This research analytically and experimentally investigates how newly developed HM strand sheets perform in small scale tensile testing and large scale flexural testing (laboratory and in situ testing). During the laboratory testing, these HM strand sheets were compared against normal modulus (NM) CFRP plates to draw conclusions on these different retrofitting materials (strength, stiffness, bond behavior, and applicability of the retrofit). Another central point in examing these different retrofit materials is how CFRPs perform when attached to structural steel with significant corrosion damage. Corrosion damage typically results in a variable surface profile, which may affect a CFRP retrofit's bond behavior. While limited laboratory testing has been conducted on CFRP attached to steel structures with simulated deterioration, the surface profile does not represent realistic conditions. The effects of a variable surface profile on the NM plate material and HM strand sheet were investigated using small scale tensile testing and large scale flexural testing. All the variable surface profiles tested for bond strength were fabricated based on "representative" simulated corrosion samples or on specimens with significant corrosion. Once all the variables pertaining to the new materials and the effect of a variable surface profile on CFRP retrofits had been examined in a laboratory setting, these retrofitting techniques were implemented on deteriorated in-service steel bridge structures. This research was the first to retrofit deteriorated in-service bridge structures with HM CFRP strand sheets in the United States. This in situ testing was used to compare the laboratory test data of an individually retrofitted girder to the behavior of a single girder that had been retrofitted in a bridge structure. This information was used to verify results on the behaviors of strengthening, stiffening, effects on live load distributions, and modeling assumptions of retrofitted bridge structures. The results from the laboratory testing and in situ testing of CFRP retrofits on corroded steel structures were synthesized to provide information on performance and design guidance for future retrofits. This dissertation provides additional information on CFRP retrofits applied to variable surface profiles and provides data on new CFRP materials (HM strand sheets). With this information, Departments of Transportation (DOT) can be confident as to where and when different types of CFRPs are a suitable retrofit material for corroded or uncorroded steel structures.
Doctor of Philosophy
The capacity of aging bridges may at times be found insufficient due to deterioration and a trend towards increased loading. Structurally deficient bridges are problematic for bridge owners and users because they restrict traffic usage and require bridges to operate at less than their intended capacity. Inadequate capacity are the primary motivation for bridge owners to repair (retrofit) bridges to meet specified traffic demands. Repairs usually do not require the bridge's closure to traffic. Standard repairs for corroded steel members include bolting or welding steel cover plates, replacing sections of the girder, or adding external prestressed tendons. However, these methods also have several challenges, including required bridge closures, high installation costs, increased weight, and continuing corrosion issues. One alternative to conventional repairs is the use of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates, which can be adhered to the deteriorated members to increase strength and stiffness. CFRPs are an extremely versatile material with high strength, high stiffness, ease of installation and can potentially mitigate concerns about further corrosion. Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) have already been widely accepted as a means of retrofitting reinforced concrete structures(AASHTO 2012, 2018a; ACI 2002, 2017; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering 2010, 2019) but have not yet been widely adopted in the steel industry due to the lack of literature and economical implementation of the CFRPs on steel. However, over the past 20 years, research has been completed on the application of CFRPs on steel, and newly developed materials were created for the economic implementation of CFRP materials suitable for steel structures. In particular, this material is a high modulus (HM) CFRP strand sheet, which has a higher stiffness than a conventional CFRP. This research investigated how newly developed HM strand sheets perform in small-scale laboratory testing and large-scale laboratory testing. Where material strengths, bondability, and the efficacy of different repairs were examined against conventional means on steel structures with and without corrosion deterioration. Once all the variables pertaining to the new materials and the effects corrosion had on CFRP retrofits had been examined in a laboratory setting, these retrofitting techniques were implemented on a deteriorated in-service steel bridge structure (field study) that required repair. This research was the first to repair deteriorated in-use bridge structures with HM CFRP strand sheets in the United States. This information was used to verify results on the material's behavior. The laboratory testing and field testing of CFRP retrofits on corroded steel structures were summarized to provide information on performance and design guidance for future retrofits. This dissertation provides additional information on CFRP repairs applied to corroded steel and provides data on new CFRP materials (HM strand sheets). With this information, Departments of Transportation (DOT) can be confident as to where and when different types of CFRPs are a suitable retrofit material for corroded or uncorroded steel structures.
2

Jimenez, Jeffy Pilar. "Effects of Monoclonal Anti-Abeta Antibodies on the Amyloid Beta Peptide Fibrillogenesis and their Involvement in the Clearance of Alzheimer's Disease Plaques." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3445.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of senile dementia worldwide. AD is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of memory and language skill, collapse of the cognitive function, and distortion of social behavior. As of today, the onset mechanisms of AD and cure are unknown; however, three hallmarks are commonly encountered: extra and intracellular accumulation of amyloid beta (A!) peptide plaques, formation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, and inevitable neuronal death. Hypothetically, a possible scenario provoking or involved in the onset of AD is a cascade effect that starts with an imbalance in the production and clearance of Aß peptide that consequently leads to its accumulation, formation of tau protein tangles and neuronal death. This work studied and characterized the mechanisms governing A! peptide aggregation and the effects of using anti-Aß monoclonal antibodies to modify this process. These mechanisms play an important role in the formation of AD plaques and are critical in the search for therapies involving Aß peptide plaque clearance. Yet, antibody-based therapies for plaque clearance are not well understood, adding to the existing concerns about side effects in humans, hence there is a necessity of knowledge in this matter. In this work different Nterminus, C-terminus, and Mid-domain antibodies were used against Aß peptide species (monomers, oligomers, and fibrils) to probe peptide aggregates modification and disruption. Additionally, construction of a soft supported lipid bilayer membrane was proposed to study the adhesion mechanisms of Aß peptide and interactions with antibodies, mimicking the neuronal cell surface. The main characterization techniques used in this work were: atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy that allowed the physical exploration and visualization of the different processes of aggregation in terms of adhesion, size evolution, and distribution of the peptide; and attenuated total reflectance Fourier spectroscopy (ATR/FTIR) which allowed monitoring the change of secondary structures for the peptide during the processes studied. It is endeavored that this work will help to elucidate the effects attributed to the molecular interactions between A! peptide species and antibodies to target Aß plaque’s clearance in the brain of AD patients. Ultimately, this study provides novel information critical for the formulation of effective therapies to prevent and treat AD with less collateral effects. It also represents a contribution to the basic scientific knowledge regarding peptide-antibody interactions with application to other diseases related to protein misfolding.
3

Eriksson, Anton. "Non-Linear strain paths in Sheet Metal Forming." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-21906.

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Today's automotive requirements have resulted in complex Sheet Metal Forming (SMF) processes of Sheet Metal (SM) with reduced formability, and thus it is crucial to be able to predict formability accurately to prevent material failure during SMF. Formability predictions today utilize Forming Limit Curves (FLC)s in Finite Element Analysis (FEA), but  FLCs are not valid for the Non-Linear Strain Paths (NLSP)s generated during SMF. One purpose of this thesis is thus to increase the knowledge on FP handling NLSP,  which was obtained through providing suggestions of failure models for handling NLSP effects, based upon literature on the subject. Generating NLSP experimentally is both time and material costly with the conventional method, thus the second purpose of this thesis was to increase the knowledge on test procedures for generating NLSP in SM. Based upon the findings of Chandramohan \cite{chandramohan_study_2021} five test procedures for generating NLSP were put forward, and the Nakajima test with modified punch geometry was chosen for further study.   In this thesis, the NLSP characteristics of two modified punch geometries were evaluated by FEA performed using LS-DYNA. For the FEA three specimens with blank width of 50, 100 and 200 mm was used, and the anisotropic Barlat yld2000  was used as the material model. This material model was calibrated to material data of Mild steel CR4, Aluminium alloy AA6016, and Dual-phase steel DP800. The results for all materials showcased similar reacquiring general NLSP characteristics at the corners of the punch features, which are unfavorable positions when failure by necking is evaluated, and thus it was concluded that the tested punch geometries are not favorable and more development of the punch geometry is needed.
Dagens fordonskrav, har lett till komplexa plåtformnings processer av plåtmaterial med reducerad formbarhet, och det är därför väsenligt att kunna förutsäga formbarhet noggrant för att förhindra materialbrott under plåtformning. Försträckning och brott förutses idag genom Formgränskurvor (FGK) i finita element analyser (FEA), men dessa gäller inte för icke-linjära töjningsvägar som uppkommer under plåtformning. Ett syfte av denna avhandling är därför att öka kunskapen kring modeller för att förutsäga formbarhet under icke-linjära töjningsbanors effekter, vilket uppnådes genom att  presenteras  förslag på brott modeller för att hantera de icke-linjära töjningsvägar baserade på  literatur inom området. Att generera icke-linjära töjningsvägar experimentellt är både tids och materialkrävande med den konventionella metoden, således är det andra syftet av denna avhandling att öka kunskapen kring test metoder för att generera icke-linjär töjningsbvägar i plåt. Baserat på Chandramohans \cite{chandramohan_study_2021} resultat diskuteras fem test procedurer för att generera icke-linjära töjningsvägar, och Nakajima test med modifierad stämpelgeometri valdes för vidare studie.  I denna avhandling studerades töjningsignaturen av två stämpelgeometrier med FEA i LS-DYNA. Till FEA:n användes tre ämnen med bredd av 50, 100 och 200mm, och anisotropiska Barlat yld2000 användes som materialmodell. Denna materialmodell kalibrerades mot experimentella mätvärden för mjukt stål CR4, Aluminiumlegering AA6016 och Stål DP800. Resultaten visade för alla material återkommande generella icke-linjära töjningsbanor enbart för hörnorna på stansgeometrierna, vilket är icke önskvärda positioner då brott pga. midjebildning utvärderas, och således drogs slutsatsen att nuvarande stansgeometri inte är gynnsam och ytterligare utveckling behövs.
4

Windholtz, Timothy Nolan. "Plane-Strain Formability of Sheet Metal at High Velocity." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1332509672.

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5

Smerd, Rafal. "Constitutive Behavior of Aluminum Alloy Sheet At High Strain Rates." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/914.

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In this work, three aluminum sheet alloys, AA5754, AA5182 and AA6111, which are prime candidates for replacing mild steel in automobile structures, are tested in tension at quasi-static and high strain rates.

In order to characterize the constitutive response of AA5754, AA5182 and AA6111 at high strain rates, tensile experiments were carried out at strain rates between 600 s-1 and 1500 s-1, and at temperatures between ambient and 300°C, using a tensile split Hopkinson bar (TSHB) apparatus. As part of this research, the apparatus was modified in order to provide an improved means of gripping the sheet specimens. Quasi-static experiments also were conducted using an Instron machine.

The experimental data was fit to the Johnson-Cook and Zerilli-Armstrong constitutive models for all three alloys. The resulting fits were evaluated by numerically simulating the tensile experiments conducted using a finite element approach.
6

Valentin, Victor M. 1974. "In-process strain control of stretched formed sheet metal parts." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80027.

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7

Williams, Kevin Vaughan Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Mechanical. "The numerical prediction of strain distribution in sheet metal forming operations." Ottawa, 1993.

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8

Davis, Trevor. "Formability and strength of sheet metals subjected to complex strain paths." Thesis, Aston University, 1985. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/11872/.

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9

Young, Tun Jan. "Investigating fast flow of the Greenland Ice Sheet." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/279019.

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The dynamic response of a faster-flowing Greenland Ice Sheet to climate change is modulated by feedbacks between ice flow and surface meltwater delivery to the basal environment. While supraglacial melt processes have been thoroughly examined and are well constrained, the response of the englacial and subglacial environment to these seasonal perturbations still represent the least-studied, understood, and parameterised processes of glacier dynamics due to a paucity of direct observation. To better understand these processes in the wake of a changing climate, novel in-situ geophysical experiments were undertaken on Store Glacier in west Greenland to quantify rates of englacial deformation and basal melting. The records produced from these experiments yield new insights into the thermodynamic setting of a major outlet glacier, and the physical mechanisms underlying and resulting from fast glacier motion. The deployment of autonomous phase-sensitive radio-echo sounders (ApRES) $\SI{30}{\kilo\metre}$ from the calving terminus of Store Glacier between 2014 and 2016 revealed high rates of both englacial deformation and basal melting, driven primarily by the dynamic response of the basal hydrological system to seasonal surface meltwater influxes. Thermodynamic modelling of this process revealed a convergence of large-scale basal hydrological pathways that aggregated large amounts of water towards the field site. The warm, turbulent water routed from surface melt contained and dissipated enough energy at the ice-bed interface to explain the observed high melt rates. Simultaneously, changes in the local strain field, involving seasonal variations in the morphology of internal layers, were found to be the result of far-field perturbations in downstream ice flow which propagated tens of kilometres upglacier through longitudinal stress coupling. When observed in multiple dimensions, the layer structure revealed complex internal reflection geometries, demonstrating ApRES as not just a monitor of depth changes in ice thickness, but also as an imaging instrument capable of characterising the subsurface environment within and beneath ice sheets. Altogether, the observations and analyses comprising this thesis provide new and significant insight and understanding into the structural, thermal, and mechanical processes tied to Store Glacier and its fast, complex, and dynamic ice flow.
10

Roshanaei, Sina. "Stress-Strain data for metals in bar and sheet form : strain rate, thickness and temperature influences." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15614.

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Over the past few decades various models of different formats have been developed to correctly evaluate and predict the strength of materials. However, these models are limited in certain environmental conditions in implementing the effect of material's thickness into their models. As such an there was a need to consider the basics of mechanical engineering and to try and define the trend, thickness has upon the behaviour of materials with respect to environmental conditions. The work consisted of a representation of tensile testing testing of common engineering alloys across a wide range of temperature, strain rate and thickness. Acquisition of high strain rate data and extended strain data (split-hopkinson, bulge forming and plane strain compression). A review of existing graphical techniques and limited applications using strength reduction factors, as well as applying the accepted empirical formulae, Johnson-Cook, Armstrong-Zerrili, Ramberg-Osgood and Hollomon. Later, recognising a need for a new approach as with a universal (quartic) polynomial fit to all plastic flow curves in which coefficients are T, ε̇ and t̄ dependant. Adoptation of a common numerical procedure for strain intercept ε0 and cut-off instability co-ordinates (σi, εi)- each as the solution to the roots of a quartic. Therefore, a proposal of the flow curve tables allowing interpolation and extrapolation, a numerical representation of any previous "Atlas of Curves". Subsequently, leading to reconstruction of the full stress-strain curve with the addition of elastic strain calculated from the modulus applicable to the specific test condition by further testing of these data from literature; both improving the existing and producing new empirical and simulation based models to analyse the materials, which will be subjected to dynamic loading as well as temperature and strain rates variations. The main objective of the work, was involved in creating a polynomial fit to describe the three physical conditions in terms of coefficients and to verify the findings in a FEA package, ABAQUS. A new process in reading the stress-strain data. By means of such development an instability study of strain limits based on Considére criteria was developed which illustrated the ways to prolong the instability limit. A secondary study of this work relates to creating a bridge between the micro-structure and macro-structure of the tested materials. A series of correlations and trends were developed to further signify the shift in micro-structural restructuring, whilst the material is under load. Another important aspect of the work consists, of carrying out an analytical study on Ramberg-Osgood equation. Ramberg-Osgood equation has been at the forefront of many engineering advancement. However it can yet be improved and reformatted by means of defining a set value for its variable constants. As such a fix ƞt value based on a best-fit approach was developed which was analytically tested.
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Книги з теми "Strand Sheet":

1

Sokolov, V. V., та G. A. Kut︠s︡. Kto estʹ kto ot A do I︠A︡: Ovt︠s︡evody Rossii i stran SNG : biograficheskiĭ spravochnik. Izhevsk: Izhevskiĭ gos. tekhn. universitet, 2004.

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2

Center, Langley Research, ed. Nonlinear adhesive behavior effects in a cracked orthotropic sheet stiffened by a semi-infinite orthotropic sheet. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1985.

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3

Wang, Yaning. An advanced punch stretching test system with supporting computation analysis. 1991.

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4

Lott, Marie Sumner. Music for Men of Leisure. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039225.003.0003.

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This chapter demonstrates some of the ways that the musical style of string quartets and quintets from the 1830s and 1840s reflects specific social uses of music in middle-class life by examining works of three composers clearly linked to this cultural milieu: Louis Spohr, George Onslow, and Friedrich Kuhlau. These composers belonged to the middle classes, and their music appealed to their neighbors and friends, as well as to a broad audience of sheet music purchasers throughout Europe who shared the composers' middle-class identity. In addition to their professional activities as composers, performers, conductors, and teachers, these three men also engaged in private, recreational music making during their “off-duty” hours that mirrored the activities of their patrons and other consumers of music. Their musical creations for this audience reflect the practice of their social peers—members of the Bildungsbürgertum, or the upper middle classes.
5

Rones, Kevin. Ukulele 101: The Fun & Easy Ukulele Method. Centerstream Publications, 2013.

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6

McCormick, Finbar, and Emily Murray. The zooarchaeology of Medieval Ireland. Edited by Umberto Albarella, Mauro Rizzetto, Hannah Russ, Kim Vickers, and Sarah Viner-Daniels. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686476.013.15.

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This paper presents an overview of the main trends in animal exploitation in the Medieval period in Ireland as revealed by the zooarchaeological data. Cattle dominated the farming economy and diet throughout the period with dairying being their principal role. Sheep are consistently present. The growth of the wool trade after the Anglo-Norman conquest is evident in assemblages from the east and southeast, though it is not a strong trend with their use as a source of meat persisting throughout the Medieval period. An urban–rural dichotomy is also evident in the exploitation of pigs, goats, cats, dogs, and domestic poultry. The native Irish clearly took little interest in the exploitation of wild animals, unlike the Anglo-Normans for whom the consumption and hunting of game played an important role.
7

Schibler, Jörg. Zooarchaeological results from Neolithic and Bronze Age wetland and dryland sites in the Central Alpine Foreland. Edited by Umberto Albarella, Mauro Rizzetto, Hannah Russ, Kim Vickers, and Sarah Viner-Daniels. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686476.013.6.

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A small but very diverse structured landscape, a high degree of preservation of archaeological findings and structures because of waterlogged conditions, and very precise dendrochronological dating are the advantages of the archaeological and archaeozoological situation in Switzerland. These opportunities allow differentiating the topographic, environmental, and cultural conditions that influenced and shaped the role of domestic and wild animals in the Neolithic and Bronze Age. Because of the proximity to the Alps, unfavourable weather conditions had a strong impact on agricultural production, resulting frequently in a more intense use of wild resources. Therefore, during the Neolithic, but even in the Bronze Age, hunting played periodically an important role. On the other hand, the topographic situation, the extent of open landscapes resulting from human clearances, as well as cultural influences, are responsible for the variable importance of different domestic animals such as cattle, sheep, goat, and pig.
8

Donnelly, Catherine, ed. The Oxford Companion to Cheese. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780199330881.001.0001.

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Over 850 entriesThe Oxford Companion to Cheese is the first truly comprehensive reference work dedicated to the exploration of how four basic ingredients—milk, microorganisms, salt, and enzymes—are transformed into the more than fourteen hundred named cheese varieties enjoyed throughout the world. From cottage cheese to Camembert, from Gorgonzola to Gruyère, the Companion examines cheese on the farm, under the microscope, in the shop, and on the plate.More than just a pizza topping or cracker spread, cheese has been the founding capital of a few European banking systems, a religious sacrament, and an inspiration for writers and artists as far back as Homer. The Companion reveals these hidden depths in more than 850 wide-ranging entries. Here you will read about rightly famous cheeses, but also some that are not well known outside of their area of production, such as the traditional Turkish and Iranian cheeses ripened in sheep's or goat's skin. You will learn about animal species whose milk is commonly used (cow, goat, and sheep) and not so commonly used (yak, camel, and reindeer) in cheesemaking, as well as a few highly important breeds within each species (the Nubian goat or Lacaune sheep). You will explore regional cheesemaking traditions that date back millennia, and both ancient and modern cheesemaking technology and equipment. And you will delve into the vibrant interior world of cheese: the blooms, veins, sticky surfaces, gooey interiors, crystals, and yes, for some, the strong olfactory notes, are all due to microbial action and growth.To discuss cheese in its countless forms and contexts, the Companion enlisted 325 authors, including leading cheesemakers, mongers, dairy scientists, microbiologists, anthropologists, historians, journalists, archaeologists, and more, from backgrounds as diverse as cheese itself. This is the definitive guide to one of humankind's greatest discoveries.
9

Torgerson,, Paul R., C. N. L. Macpherson, and D. A. Vuitton. Cystic echinococcosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0060.

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Cystic echinococcosis (CE)\cystic hydatid disease is one of the most widespread and important global helminth zoonoses. The parasite Echinococcus granulosus is maintained in a wide spectrum of intermediate hosts, including sheep, goats, camels, cattle, pigs and equines. A number of wild intermediate hosts occur, including cervids in the northern part of the North American continent and Eurasia, marsupials in Australia and wild herbivores in East and southern Africa. The application of a range of molecular techniques to the characterization of the parasite has confirmed the existence of mostly host-adapted strains and genotypes of the parasite and several new species have been proposed. The ubiquitous domestic dog serves as the most important definitive host for the transmission of the parasite throughout its wide geographical range.A wide range of diagnostic techniques, including necropsy, arecoline purgation, coproantigen ELISA and DNA based tests are available for detecting E. granulosus infection in the definitive host. In intermediate animal hosts, diagnosis at post mortem still remains the most reliable option. In humans, imaging techniques including ultrasound, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or computer aided tomography (CAT-scan provide not only a method of diagnosis but also reveal important clinical information on the location, condition, number and size of the hydatid cysts in man. Of these ultrasound is the most widely used diagnostic technique and is the only imaging technique for screening of populations in rural areas, where the disease is most common. A classification system has been developed which can be used to assess the likely development of a cyst and hence guide the clinician in treatment options for the patient. Treatment relies on surgery and/or percutaneous interventions, especially ‘Puncture, Aspiration, Injection, Re-aspiration’ (PAIR) and/or antiparasitic treatment with albendazole (and alternatively mebendazole).CE is largely a preventable disease. Successful elimination programmes have focused on frequent periodic treatments of dogs with anthelmintics and the control of slaughter of domestic livestock. In many regions elimination or even control remains a problem as the parasite is endemic over vast areas of low income countries where there may be limited resources for control. In some areas, such as former communist administered countries, the parasite is resurgent. New tools are becoming available to control the parasite, including a highly effective vaccine in sheep which prevents the infection in sheep and breaks the transmission cycle. In addition cost effective methods are being developed which may be appropriate in low income countries where financial resources are not available for intensive control programmes that have been successful in high income countries.
10

Konstan, David. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190887872.003.0007.

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In this short book, I have explored the way Greek and Roman conceptions of love affected their thinking about a range of sentiments in ways that may seem strange or at all events different to us today. The idea that love might erase the boundaries that separate two distinct selves puts in question our sense of what it is that constitutes an individual identity. It raises questions as well about the nature of altruism versus egoism, both because self-interest is often assumed to be the primary if not the sole motive for human action, and because, if friends really are another self, then it becomes difficult to distinguish at all what is done for the sake of another and what is done for one’s own sake. As an emotion, moreover, love stands apart from other motives for social interaction, for example, duty, obligation, a code of fairness or reciprocity, and sheer economic calculation, which is presumed to condition the behavior of the rational agent of choice postulated by modern economic theory....
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Частини книг з теми "Strand Sheet":

1

Flores, Paulo, Félix Bonnet, and Anne Marie Habraken. "Plane Strain Test for Metal Sheet Characterization." In Sheet Metal 2007, 135–42. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-437-5.135.

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2

Kalyanasundaram, Shankar, Paul Compston, and Joel Gresham. "A Methodology for Real Time Surface Strain Measurement for Stamping Through Non-Contact Optical Strain Measurement System." In Sheet Metal 2007, 855–61. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-437-5.855.

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3

He, S., J. Gu, H. Sol, Albert Van Bael, Paul Van Houtte, Yasemin Tunckol, and Joost R. Duflou. "Determination of Strain in Incremental Sheet Forming Process." In Sheet Metal 2007, 503–10. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-437-5.503.

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4

Emmens, Wilko C., and A. H. van den Boogaard. "Strain in Shear, and Material Behaviour in Incremental Forming." In Sheet Metal 2007, 519–26. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-437-5.519.

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5

Hadoush, A., A. H. van den Boogaard, and J. Huétink. "Stable Incremental Deformation of a Strip to High Strain." In Sheet Metal 2007, 615–20. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-437-5.615.

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6

Barata da Rocha, A., Abel D. Santos, and Pedro Teixeira. "Prediction on Localized Necking in Sheet Metal Forming: Finite Element Simulation and Plastic Instability in Complex Industrial Strain Paths." In Sheet Metal 2007, 825–32. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-437-5.825.

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7

Pamuk, Ahmet, and Korhan Adalier. "Alternative Remedial Techniques for Sheet-Piled Earth Embankments." In Soil Stress-Strain Behavior: Measurement, Modeling and Analysis, 921–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6146-2_70.

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8

Hidekuma, Y., A. Kobayashi, A. Tateishi, M. Nagai, and T. Miyashita. "Repairing Method for the Steel Members by CFRP Strand Sheets." In Advances in FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, 881–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17487-2_194.

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9

Carlos-Eduardo, García-Alcalá, Padilla-Medina José-Alfredo, and Barranco-Gutiérrez Alejandro-Israel. "Digital Assisted Image Correlation for Metal Sheet Strain Measurement." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 159–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49076-8_16.

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10

Forouraghi, K., R. B. Thompson, A. J. Anderson, N. Izworski, M. Shi, F. Reis, and J. Root. "Ultrasonic Predictions of Plastic Strain Ratios in Steel Sheet." In Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, 1621–28. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0383-1_212.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Strand Sheet":

1

Thomas, Daniel, Susan C. Mantell, Jane H. Davidson, Louise F. Goldberg, and John Carmody. "Analysis of Sandwich Panels for an Energy Efficient and Self-Supporting Residential Roof." In ASME 2005 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2005-76003.

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The structural and thermal feasibility of a self-supporting sandwich panel for energy efficient residential roof applications is assessed. The assessment is limited to symmetric sandwich panels comprising two face sheets and an insulating core. Feasible panel designs are presented for loading conditions, corresponding to southern and northern climates in the United States. The base case panel is 5.5 m long for a nominal 4.6 m horizontal span and an 8/12 roof pitch. Face sheet materials considered are oriented strand board, steel, and fiber reinforced plastic. Core materials considered are expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene, polyurethane and poly(vinyl-chloride) foams. A wide range of material options meet building code limits on deflection and weight and prevent face sheet fracture and buckling, and core shear failure. Panels are identified that have structural depths similar to conventional wood rafter construction. Shortening the overall panel length provides greater choice in the use of materials and decreases the required panel thickness. Suggestions for improved panel designs address uncertainty in the ability of the plastic core to withstand long term loading over the expected life of residential buildings.
2

Nomura, T., K. Seto, and K. Toshiyuki. "Novel Design Concept of Planar Litz Winding Without Via Using Folded Printed Circuit Board." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12226.

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This paper discusses coil structures made from a folded flat sheet which is used for an inductor in high frequency operated battery chargers for future electrified vehicles. For AC loss reduction, a Litz wire is known to be a solution, however, since Litz wires are based on a cable type structure, planar type designs are desired for miniaturization and efficient fabrication of inductors. There exists a paper proposing planar type Litz windings using a printed circuit board for planar inductors. Our unit cell FEM analysis indicates that the stacking effect of multiple winding layers, i.e. the proximity effect between layers, was significant to its overall resistance and therefore the Litz wire pitch has to be much finer than the single board case. Thus, an effective Litz wire design, within our design requirements, requires a very fine strand width that goes beyond the fabrication capability of the vias, i.e. metalized through holes to connect different layers. In this paper, we propose novel planar Litz wire structure without vias by introducing a PCB folding technique by implementing a development chart for a coil structure with twisted strand bundle on one single sheet.
3

Zhang, Mei, Shaoli Fang, Anvar A. Zakhidov, Sergey B. Lee, Ali E. Aliev, Christopher D. Williams, Ken R. Atkinson, and Ray H. Baughman. "Flipping Carbon Nanotubes to Continuously Produce Strong, Transparent, Multifunctional Sheets." In ASME 4th Integrated Nanosystems Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nano2005-87091.

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We demonstrate carbon nanotube assembly by cooperatively rotating carbon nanotubes in vertically-oriented nanotube arrays (forests) and make 5-centimeter-wide, meter-long transparent sheets. These self-supporting nanotube sheets are initially formed as a highly anisotropic electronically conducting aerogel that can be densified into strong sheets that are as thin as 50 nanometers. The measured gravimetric strength of orthogonally oriented sheet arrays exceeds that of high strength steel sheet.
4

Li, Jingjing, S. Jack Hu, John E. Carsley, Theresa M. Lee, Louis G. Hector, and Sushil Mishra. "Post-Anneal Mechanical Properties of Pre-Strained AA5182-O Sheets." In ASME 2011 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2011-50142.

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The effects of different pre-strain levels, paths and subsequent annealing on the post-annealing mechanical properties of AA5182-O were investigated. Aluminum sheet specimens were pre-strained in uniaxial, plane strain and equibiaxial tension to several equivalent strain levels, annealed at 350°C for short (10 seconds) and long (20 minutes) durations, and then tested for post-annealing mechanical properties, including tensile properties, anisotropy and forming limits. The tensile properties, R-values at 0°, 45° and 90° relative to the sheet rolling direction, and forming limit diagrams (FLDs) exhibited dependencies of pre-strain and annealing history. The importance of the process variables and their effects were identified via designed experiments and analysis of variance. Three-dimensional digital image correlation, which captured the onset of local necking, was employed in the FLD development. Texture in the as-received and deformed sheets was investigated with electron backscattered diffraction and provided a means for linking prestrain and static recovery or recrystallization with microstructure. This guided the understanding of the mechanical property changes observed after preforming and annealing. Ultimately, the expanded forming limit curve demonstrated the advantage of annealing in extending the formability of strained AA5182-O.
5

Chen, Jun, Yong Wang, and Haibo Li. "Study of the Sandwich Sheet Metal Cup Drawing Characteristics." In ASME 2008 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 3rd JSME/ASME International Conference on Materials and Processing. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec_icmp2008-72415.

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The sandwich sheet is a novel laminated sheet material with advanced vibration damping advantages, and the sheet is composed with 2 outer thick metal layers and 1 thin polymer layer in between. In order to investigate its drawing characteristics, an improved cohesive model between the skin sheets was developed using a contact/interface approach. Based on the proposed model, a cup drawing process was numerically simulated using commercial FEM code ABAQUS. Numerical simulation shows that the thickness strain distribution and thinning phenomenon have similar modes on the top layer and bottom layer except at the cup bottom corner, and cohesive strength does not have severe effect to the drawing force. The drawing experiments were conducted on a hydrauic press in order to compare the whole sheet and two skin sheets thickness distribution of sandwich sheet metal cup drawing, FEM simulation result fits well with the experiment.
6

Yoneya, Tamiaki. "World-sheet string duality and the hidden supersymmetry." In STRING THEORY; 10th Tohwa University International Symposium on String Theory. AIP, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1454382.

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7

Magargee, James, Jian Cao, Rui Zhou, Morgan McHugh, Damon Brink, and Fabrice Morestin. "Characterization of Tensile and Compressive Behavior of Microscale Sheet Metals Using a Transparent Micro-Wedge Device." In ASME 2011 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2011-50258.

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The cyclic and compressive mechanical behavior of ultra-thin sheet metals was experimentally investigated. A novel transparent wedge device was designed and fabricated to prevent the buckling of thin sheets under compressive loads, while also allowing full field strain measurements of the specimen using digital imaging methods. Thin brass and stainless steel sheet metal specimens were tested using the micro-wedge device. Experimental results show that the device can be used to delay the onset of early buckling modes of a thin sheet under compression, which is critical in examining the compressive and cyclic mechanical behavior of sheet metals.
8

Chow, C. L., W. H. Tai, and Sing Tang. "Prediction of Limit Strains in Sheet Metal Forming Under Complex Strain History." In SAE 2000 World Congress. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-0776.

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9

Hwang, Wonmuk, and Matthew J. Lang. "Mechanism of Force Generation in Kinesin Motility." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-175543.

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Conventional kinesin is a dimeric motor protein that uses adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to walk processively along the microtubule. Although its nucleotide dependent conformational switching and binding of the neck linker (NL) on the motor head are known to be key events in kinesin motility, the basic mechanism by which it amplifies a small conformational change upon ATP binding to generate the force of the walking stroke has not been known. We combined structural analysis with a set of molecular dynamics simulations to identify the 9-residue long N-terminal region, which we named the ‘cover strand’ (CS), as an additional element essential for kinesin’s power stroke. It operates by differentially forming a β-sheet with NL when ATP binds, whereby the ‘cover-neck bundle’ (CNB) has an inherent conformational bias that drives NL into its binding pocket on the motor head. After the initial stroke, the later half of NL, starting with the ‘asparagine latch’ in the middle, forms specific bonds with the motor head to ensure tight binding. We constructed the force map generated by CNB, which showed a forward bias in agreement with single molecule motility measurements. Our result is consistent with other experimental observations, including the estimated stall force and the transverse anisotropy. The novel mechanism of force generation by the dynamic folding of CNB appears to hold in various kinesin families, and elucidates the economy in the design principle of the smallest known processive motor.
10

Theiß, Ralf, Tobias Nürnberg, and Alexander Czechowicz. "The Experimental Validation of Pseudoelastic Shape Memory Sheet Elements in Tooling Applications." In ASME 2014 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2014-7701.

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Shape memory alloys (SMA) are capable to remember a previously programmed form even after strong deformation. The reversible deformation of pseudoelastic SMA takes place on the basis of stress-induced martensitic phase transformation. These alloys are also interesting for elastic spring and damping elements, making their use in a variety of different machining and tool applications conceivable. Examples are elastic spring elements in forceps or damping elements in the field of sawing applications. The use of sheet like pseudoelsatic elements is of particular relevance for applications in handheld- and machining-tools. High elastic deformability, the damping properties and the potential of setting a horizontal spring characteristic curve in SMA elements come with problems such as strong temperature dependence of the spring and damping characteristics, possible limitations on the durability due to aging effects in cyclically occurring loads. Therefore, it requires a more extensive characterization and validation of sheet-shaped NiTi spring and damping elements. Hence different sheet-shaped SMA elements are analyzed in this publication due to different bends and thicknesses as well as different heat treatments for programming shapes into the sheets. Prepared sheets are characterized, especially cycle dependent force to displacement and damping properties. The publication shows experimental results of this analysis for various SMA sheets and potential industrial applications in the field of machine tools.

Звіти організацій з теми "Strand Sheet":

1

Takagi, Shusaku, Yuichi Tokita, Kentaro Sato, Tetsuo Shimizu, Koichi Hashiguchi, Kinya Ogawa, Koji Mimura, and Shinji Tanimura. Stress-Strain Curves of Steel Sheets Obtained by Various Methods of the High Strain Rate Tensile Test. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0086.

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2

Quigley, Claudia J., and Joey L. Mead. Mode I Large Strain Viscoelastic Crack Behavior in Nitrile Rubber Sheets. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada289984.

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3

Ohta, Yuki, Katsuaki Iizumi, Souichiro Nishino, and Kunio Ohya. Bending Fatigue Property of Pre-Strained 590 MPa Grade High Tensile Steel Sheets. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0085.

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4

David Matlock and John Speer. TRP 9904 - Constitutive Behavior of High Strength Multiphase Sheel Steel Under High Strain Rate Deformation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/841358.

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5

Manley, W. F., and G. H. Miller. Glacial-geological record on southern Bafin Island reflecting late glacial ice-sheet dynamics in the eastern Hudson Strait region. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/212206.

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6

Fabiani, Andrea, Martha López, José-Luis Peydró, Paul E. Soto, and Margaret Guerrero. Capital Controls, Domestic Macroprudential Policy and the Bank Lending Channel of Monetary Policy. Banco de la República, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1162.

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We study how capital controls and domestic macroprudential policy tame credit supply booms, respectively targeting foreign and domestic bank debt. For identification, we exploit the simultaneous introduction of capital controls on foreign exchange (FX) debt inflows and an increase of reserve requirements on domestic bank deposits in Colombia during a strong credit boom, as well as credit registry and bank balance sheet data. Our results suggest that first, an increase in the local monetary policy rate, raising the interest rate spread with the United States, allows more FX-indebted banks to carry trade cheap FX funds with more expensive peso lending, especially toward riskier, opaque firms. Capital controls tax FX debt and break the carry trade. Second, the increase in reserve requirements on domestic deposits directly reduces credit supply, and more so for riskier, opaque firms, rather than enhances the transmission of monetary rates on credit supply. Importantly, different banks finance credit in the boom with either domestic or foreign (FX) financing. Hence, capital controls and domestic macroprudential policy complementarily mitigate the boom and the associated risk-taking through two distinct channels
7

Dixon, J. Evidence for a major unconformity in Middle Triassic strata (Doig, Halfway and lowermost Charlie Lake formations) of the Grande Prairie area (Map-sheet 83 M; townships 70 to 80, ranges 1W6 to 13W6), west-central Alberta. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/214886.

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8

Bhattarai, Rabin, Yufan Zhang, and Jacob Wood. Evaluation of Various Perimeter Barrier Products. Illinois Center for Transportation, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-009.

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Construction activities entail substantial disturbance of topsoil and vegetative cover. As a result, stormwater runoff and erosion rates are increased significantly. If the soil erosion and subsequently generated sediment are not contained within the site, they would have a negative off-site impact as well as a detrimental influence on the receiving water body. In this study, replicable large-scale tests were used to analyze the ability of products to prevent sediment from exiting the perimeter of a site via sheet flow. The goal of these tests was to compare products to examine how well they retain sediment and how much ponding occurs upstream, as well as other criteria of interest to the Illinois Department of Transportation. The products analyzed were silt fence, woven monofilament geotextile, Filtrexx Siltsoxx, ERTEC ProWattle, triangular silt dike, sediment log, coconut coir log, Siltworm, GeoRidge, straw wattles, and Terra-Tube. Joint tests and vegetated buffer strip tests were also conducted. The duration of each test was 30 minutes, and 116 pounds of clay-loam soil were mixed with water in a 300 gallon tank. The solution was continuously mixed throughout the test. The sediment-water slurry was uniformly discharged over an 8 ft by 20 ft impervious 3:1 slope. The bottom of the slope had a permeable zone (8 ft by 8 ft) constructed from the same soil used in the mixing. The product was installed near the center of this zone. Water samples were collected at 5 minute intervals upstream and downstream of the product. These samples were analyzed for total sediment concentration to determine the effectiveness of each product. The performance of each product was evaluated in terms of sediment removal, ponding, ease of installation, and sustainability.
9

UESC Success Story: GSA and Consolidated Edison's Strong Partnership Has Many Rewards (Fact Sheet). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/963157.

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