Готові списки джерел за темами / Surface modification of 3D printed parts

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Surface modification of 3D printed parts"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 13 вересня 2021
Оновлено: 18 лютого 2022

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  1. Статті в журналах
  2. Дисертації
  3. Частини книг
  4. Тези доповідей конференцій

Статті в журналах з теми "Surface modification of 3D printed parts":

1

Stoklasek, Pavel, Milan Navratil, Martin Bednarik, Ivan Hudec, and Dalibor Petrzelka. "Flexural behaviour of ABS 3D printed parts on professional printer Stratasys Fortus 900mc." MATEC Web of Conferences 210 (2018): 04048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821004048.

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Nowadays, it is very desirable to obtain the low cost polymeric material with the best material properties. For the best modification of the commodity and construction polymeric materials it is firstly necessary to know the basic material properties. In this study the bending and Charpy impact test specimens were fabricated via a professional FDM 3D printer Fortus 900mc, from company Stratasys, processing ABS-M30 in three build orientation XY, XZ-H and XZ-V. The 3D printed test specimens were examined to compare the effect of layer thickness and building orientation. Tensile test machine Zwick 1456 and impact pendulum Zwick HIT50P were used for bending and Charpy impact tests. Optical microscopy was utilized to perform fractography on impact test specimens to explore the effect of the layer thickness and building orientation on the fracture surface morphology of the failed specimens. This study demonstrates the need for material testing for specific processing as additive manufacturing technologies.
2

Donate, Ricardo, María Elena Alemán-Domínguez, and Mario Monzón. "On the Effectiveness of Oxygen Plasma and Alkali Surface Treatments to Modify the Properties of Polylactic Acid Scaffolds." Polymers 13, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 1643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13101643.

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Surface modification of 3D-printed PLA structures is a major issue in terms of increasing the biofunctionality and expanding the tissue engineering applications of these parts. In this paper, different exposure times were used for low-pressure oxygen plasma applied to PLA 3D-printed scaffolds. Alkali surface treatments were also evaluated, aiming to compare the modifications introduced on the surface properties by each strategy. Surface-treated samples were characterized through the quantification of carboxyl groups, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, water contact angle measurements, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The change in the surface properties was studied over a two-week period. In addition, an enzymatic degradation analysis was carried out to evaluate the effect of the surface treatments on the degradation profile of the 3D structures. The physicochemical characterization results suggest different mechanism pathways for each type of treatment. Alkali-treated scaffolds showed a higher concentration of carboxyl groups on their surface, which enhanced the enzymatic degradation rate, but were also proven to be more aggressive towards 3D-printed structures. In contrast, the application of the plasma treatments led to an increased hydrophilicity of the PLA surface without affecting the bulk properties. However, the changes on the properties were less steady over time.
3

Francis, Vishal, and Prashant K. Jain. "Investigation on the effect of surface modification of 3D printed parts by nanoclay and dimethyl ketone." Materials and Manufacturing Processes 33, no. 10 (November 17, 2017): 1080–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2017.1401717.

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4

Sajadi, Seyed Mohammad, Lívia Vásárhelyi, Reza Mousavi, Amir Hossein Rahmati, Zoltán Kónya, Ákos Kukovecz, Taib Arif, et al. "Damage-tolerant 3D-printed ceramics via conformal coating." Science Advances 7, no. 28 (July 2021): eabc5028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc5028.

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Ceramic materials, despite their high strength and modulus, are limited in many structural applications due to inherent brittleness and low toughness. Nevertheless, ceramic-based structures, in nature, overcome this limitation using bottom-up complex hierarchical assembly of hard ceramic and soft polymer, where ceramics are packaged with tiny fraction of polymers in an internalized fashion. Here, we propose a far simpler approach of entirely externalizing the soft phase via conformal polymer coating over architected ceramic structures, leading to damage tolerance. Architected structures are printed using silica-filled preceramic polymer, pyrolyzed to stabilize the ceramic scaffolds, and then dip-coated conformally with a thin, flexible epoxy polymer. The polymer-coated architected structures show multifold improvement in compressive strength and toughness while resisting catastrophic failure through a considerable delay of the damage propagation. This surface modification approach allows a simple strategy to build complex ceramic parts that are far more damage-tolerant than their traditional counterparts.
5

Ashkenazi, Dana, Alexandra Inberg, Yosi Shacham-Diamand, and Adin Stern. "Gold, Silver, and Electrum Electroless Plating on Additively Manufactured Laser Powder-Bed Fusion AlSi10Mg Parts: A Review." Coatings 11, no. 4 (April 6, 2021): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11040422.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) revolutionary technologies open new opportunities and challenges. They allow low-cost manufacturing of parts with complex geometries and short time-to-market of products that can be exclusively customized. Additive manufactured parts often need post-printing surface modification. This study aims to review novel environmental-friendly surface finishing process of 3D-printed AlSi10Mg parts by electroless deposition of gold, silver, and gold–silver alloy (e.g., electrum) and to propose a full process methodology suitable for effective metallization. This deposition technique is simple and low cost method, allowing the metallization of both conductive and insulating materials. The AlSi10Mg parts were produced by the additive manufacturing laser powder bed fusion (AM-LPBF) process. Gold, silver, and their alloys were chosen as coatings due to their esthetic appearance, good corrosion resistance, and excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. The metals were deposited on 3D-printed disk-shaped specimens at 80 and 90 °C using a dedicated surface activation method where special functionalization of the printed AlSi10Mg was performed to assure a uniform catalytic surface yielding a good adhesion of the deposited metal to the substrate. Various methods were used to examine the coating quality, including light microscopy, optical profilometry, XRD, X-ray fluorescence, SEM–energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), focused ion beam (FIB)-SEM, and XPS analyses. The results indicate that the developed coatings yield satisfactory quality, and the suggested surface finishing process can be used for many AM products and applications.
6

Leite, Marco, André Varanda, António Relógio Ribeiro, Arlindo Silva, and Maria Fátima Vaz. "Mechanical properties and water absorption of surface modified ABS 3D printed by fused deposition modelling." Rapid Prototyping Journal 24, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-04-2016-0057.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of a sealing protective treatment on the water absorption and mechanical properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)-printed parts by fused deposition modelling. Protective products include aqueous acetone solutions with different concentrations, polyurethane wood sealer and aqueous acrylic-based varnish. Design/methodology/approach Open porosity was estimated by the absorption coefficient and the total amount of water retained, obtained from water absorption tests. Mechanical characterization was performed by compressive and tensile tests. Different specimens with different build directions and raster angles were used. Findings The treatments with acetone solutions were not effective in reducing the porosity of ABS parts, as the amount of acetone that reduces effectively the porosity will also affect the sample dimensional stability. The polyurethane treatment was found to reduce the absorption coefficient, but the maximum water content and the open porosity remain almost unchanged in comparison with the ones obtained for untreated specimens. The treatment with an acrylic-based varnish was found to preserve the dimensional stability of the specimens, to reduce the open porosity and to maintain the compression and tension properties of the specimens in different build directions and raster angles. Originality/value Surface modification for water tight applications of ABS 3D printing parts enables new designs where both sealing and the preservation of mechanical properties are important. As per the knowledge of the authors, the water absorption and the mechanical behaviour of ABS 3D printed parts, before and after treatment, were not previously investigated.
7

Han, Ningda, Jun Cheng, Jiquan Yang, Yijian Liu, and Wuyun Huang. "Design and Implementation of 3D Printing System for Continuous CFRP Composites." MATEC Web of Conferences 213 (2018): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821301011.

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The rapid and low-cost manufacturing of continuous Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites using 3D printing technology is a hot topic in the field of composite materials’ research. Due to the continuity and infusibility of the long carbon fiber, a series of problems such as loosening of fiber, breakage, and nozzle clogging occurred in the printing process, which result in poor surface quality and performance in the printed product. This paper aims to solve these problems based on the researches and optimizations of three-dimensional printing technology for continuous CFRP composite components. Firstly, the coupling mechanism of continuous fiber and resin polymer in the flow path of nozzle is analyzed, the finite element simulation models of flow field and temperature field of CFRP three-dimensional printing are established by using ANSYS CFX software, and the coupling characteristics and interface performance in the printing process are studied. Then, based on the results of simulation analysis, a modification method of the surface coating film is applied, and a special modification solution is configured to modify the surface of the carbon fiber so as to increase its strength and bondability with the molten resin. Finally, the mechanical structure of the three-dimensional printing system of continuous CFRP components is designed to achieve the synchronization of printing and fiber modification. Considering the continuity of continuous carbon fiber, this paper proposed a new method of printing path design called “unicursal” for continuous CFRP parts, that is, when designing and planning a three-dimensional print path, it ensured that there is no interruption in the printing process, so as to achieve carbon fiber continuity in composite parts. The reliability and superiority of the printing system designed in this paper are confirmed by printing of the composite parts.
8

Kuznetsov, Tavitov, Urzhumtsev, Mikhalin, and Solonin. "Design and Fabrication of Strong Parts from Poly (Lactic Acid) with a Desktop 3D Printer: A Case with Interrupted Shell." Polymers 11, no. 5 (April 30, 2019): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11050760.

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The ability to form closed cavities inside the part printed is an important feature of Fused Filament Fabrication technology. A typical part consists of a dense shell bearing the primary load, filled with low-density plastic scaffold (infill). Such a constitution of the part provides in most cases appropriate strength and low weight. However, if the printed part shape includes horizontal (orthogonal to printer’s Z axis) flat surfaces other than its top and bottom surface, then the shell of the part becomes interrupted, which may lead to drastic drop in the ability of the part to withstand loads. In the current study, a representative sample of a part with interrupted shell and testing apparatus is developed. Influence of shell and base thicknesses, as well as influence of the infill density on the part strength, are studied. Different approaches to the sample shape modification were applied and tested. The part shape optimization made with respect to peculiarities of Fused Filament Fabrication technology resulted in increment of the force, required to fracture the part from 483 to 1096 N and in decreased part mass from 36.9 to 30.2 g.
9

Sedlák, Josef, Adam Glváč, and Andrej Czán. "Design of stirling engine operating at low temperature difference." MATEC Web of Conferences 157 (2018): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815704003.

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There are many sources of free energy available in the form of heat that is often simply wasted. The aim of this paper is to design and build a low temperature differential Stirling engine that would be powered exclusively from heat sources such as waste hot water or focused solar rays. A prototype is limited to a low temperature differential modification because of a choice of ABSplus plastic as a construction material for its key parts. The paper is divided into two parts. The first part covers a brief history of Stirling engine and its applications nowadays. Moreover, it describes basic principles of its operation that are supplemented by thermodynamic relations. Furthermore, an analysis of applied Fused Deposition Modelling has been done since the parts with more complex geometry had been manufactured using this additive technology. The second (experimental) part covers 4 essential steps of a rapid prototyping method - Computer Aided Design of the 3D model of Stirling engine using parametric modeller Autodesk Inventor, production of its components using 3D printer uPrint, assembly and final testing. Special attention was devoted to last two steps of the process since the surfaces of the printed parts were sandpapered and sprayed. Parts, where an ABS plus plastic would have impeded the correct function, had been manufactured from aluminium and brass by cutting operations. Remaining parts had been bought in a hardware store as it would be uneconomical and unreasonable to manufacture them. Last two chapters of the paper describe final testing, mention the problems that appeared during its production and propose new approaches that could be used in the future to improve the project.
10

Okarma, Krzysztof, Jarosław Fastowicz, Piotr Lech, and Vladimir Lukin. "Quality Assessment of 3D Printed Surfaces Using Combined Metrics Based on Mutual Structural Similarity Approach Correlated with Subjective Aesthetic Evaluation." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (September 9, 2020): 6248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186248.

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Quality assessment of the 3D printed surfaces is one of the crucial issues related to fast prototyping and manufacturing of individual parts and objects using the fused deposition modeling, especially in small series production. As some corrections of minor defects may be conducted during the printing process or just after the manufacturing, an automatic quality assessment of object’s surfaces is highly demanded, preferably well correlated with subjective quality perception, considering aesthetic aspects. On the other hand, the presence of some greater and more dense distortions may indicate a reduced mechanical strength. In such cases, the manufacturing process should be interrupted to save time, energy, and the filament. This paper focuses on the possibility of using some general-purpose full-reference image quality assessment methods for the quality assessment of the 3D printed surfaces. As the direct application of an individual (elementary) metric does not provide high correlation with the subjective perception of surface quality, some modifications of similarity-based methods have been proposed utilizing the calculation of the average mutual similarity, making it possible to use full-reference metrics without the perfect quality reference images, as well as the combination of individual metrics, leading to a significant increase of correlation with subjective scores calculated for a specially prepared dataset.
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Статті в журналах

Дисертації з теми "Surface modification of 3D printed parts":

1

Barinka, Michal. "Modifikace povrchu materiálu vytvořeného technikou SLM." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-449795.

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This diploma thesis deals with the surface modification of 3D printed metallic materials. The research part presents the most used methods of additive manufacturing and their process parameters influencing the quality of printed components. Defects arising during these processes and the techniques used to eliminate them are also described. In the experimental part of the work, the optimization of electrochemical polishing parameters was performed. The aim was to modify the rough surface of the components and thus prevent the formation of defects on the surface. The mechanical properties were investigated by means of three-point bending under static and dynamic loading. Fractographic analysis was performed on the quarry surfaces.
2

Lu, Shirley Suet-Ning. "Improving surface quality of SLA 3D printed parts via controlled dip-coating." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119948.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 35).
3D printing is useful for rapid prototyping, and is quickly becoming an option to aid in mass manufacturing, whether to make low-volume molds for injection molding and thermoforming or to make unique fixtures. 3D printing via stereo lithographic apparatus (SLA) builds parts by curing photopolymer resins layer by layer. SLA 3D printing is often chosen for its relatively high quality surface finish. However, the average surface roughness of SLA 3D printed parts is in the range of 0.4 to 2 [mu], which is relatively rough compared to that of polishing/finishing processes, typically 0.1 to 0.4 gm. Therefore, the objective of this research is to determine whether controlled dipcoating can be used to improve surface quality of SLA 3D printed parts. Contact profilometer data was collected for SLA 3D printed parts that were dip-coated with varying withdrawal speeds (1 mm/s, 5 mm/s, 0.1 mm/s), printed with different resolutions (0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm), and angled (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 degrees from vertical). The results suggest that dip-coating is an effective means of improving surface quality, achieving 0.3 to 0.5 micron range of surface roughness. However, validating the effect of withdrawal speed and print resolution as well as how print orientation and geometry can be optimized with dip-coating require further study. The results showed that, in general, dip-coating with faster withdrawal speeds tended to give lower surface roughness, and printing at 0.2 mm resolution gave greatest improvement in surface quality, achieving approximately the same surface quality as the dip-coated 0.05 mm resolution parts. Dip-coating appears to increase surface waviness due to the drainage effect of the dip-coating dominating over the layer by layer print periodicity.
by Shirley Suet-Ning Lu.
S.B.

Частини книг з теми "Surface modification of 3D printed parts":

1

Ahmad, Mohd Nazri, Mohd Hidayat Ab Rahman, Nurul Ain Maidin, Mohd Hairizal Osman, Mohammad Khalid Wahid, Hussin Mohamed Saiful Firdaus, and Nur Afifah Abd Aziz. "Optimization on Surface Roughness of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D Printed Parts Using Taguchi Approach." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 230–43. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9539-0_24.

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2

Maidin, S., E. Pei, and M. K. Muhamad. "A Novel Approach of Using Ultrasound to Improve the Surface Quality of 3D Printed Parts." In Additive Manufacturing, 241–62. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22179-7.

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3

Mahamood, Rasheedat M., Mukul Shukla, and Sisa Pityana. "Laser Additive Manufacturing in Surface Modification of Metals." In 3D Printing, 183–203. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1677-4.ch010.

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Additive Manufacturing (AM) offers lots of advantages when compared to other manufacturing processes, such as high flexibility and ability to produce complex parts directly from the Three Dimensional (3D) Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model. Producing highly complex parts using traditional manufacturing processes is difficult, and it requires it to be broken down into smaller parts, which consumes lots of materials and time. If this part needs to have a surface with improved property or a surface made of composite materials, it has to be done by employing another manufacturing process after the parts are completed. AM, on the other hand, has the ability to produce parts with the required surface property in a single manufacturing run. Out of all the AM technologies, Laser Additive Manufacturing (LAM) is the most commonly used technique, especially for metal processing. LAM uses the coherent and collimated properties of the laser beam to fuse, melt, or cut materials according to the profile generated from the CAD image of the part being made. Some of the LAM techniques and their mode of operations are highlighted in this chapter. The capabilities of using LAM for surface modification of metals are also presented in this chapter. A specific example is given as a case study for the surface modification of titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) with Ti6Al4V/TiC composite using laser material deposition process – an important LAM technology. Ti6Al4V is an important aerospace alloy, and it is also used as medical implants because of its corrosion resistance property and its biocompatibility.
4

Mahamood, Rasheedat M., Mukul Shukla, and Sisa Pityana. "Laser Additive Manufacturing in Surface Modification of Metals." In Surface Engineering Techniques and Applications, 222–48. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5141-8.ch007.

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Additive Manufacturing (AM) offers lots of advantages when compared to other manufacturing processes, such as high flexibility and ability to produce complex parts directly from the Three Dimensional (3D) Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model. Producing highly complex parts using traditional manufacturing processes is difficult, and it requires it to be broken down into smaller parts, which consumes lots of materials and time. If this part needs to have a surface with improved property or a surface made of composite materials, it has to be done by employing another manufacturing process after the parts are completed. AM, on the other hand, has the ability to produce parts with the required surface property in a single manufacturing run. Out of all the AM technologies, Laser Additive Manufacturing (LAM) is the most commonly used technique, especially for metal processing. LAM uses the coherent and collimated properties of the laser beam to fuse, melt, or cut materials according to the profile generated from the CAD image of the part being made. Some of the LAM techniques and their mode of operations are highlighted in this chapter. The capabilities of using LAM for surface modification of metals are also presented in this chapter. A specific example is given as a case study for the surface modification of titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) with Ti6Al4V/TiC composite using laser material deposition process – an important LAM technology. Ti6Al4V is an important aerospace alloy, and it is also used as medical implants because of its corrosion resistance property and its biocompatibility.
5

Malik, Fasih Munir, Syed Faiz Ali, Burak Bal, and Emin Faruk Kececi. "Determination of Optimum Process Parameter Values in Additive Manufacturing for Impact Resistance." In Additive Manufacturing Technologies From an Optimization Perspective, 221–34. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9167-2.ch011.

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3D printing as a manufacturing method is gaining more popularity since 3D printing machines are becoming easily accessible. Especially in a prototyping process of a machine, they can be used, and complex parts with high quality surface finish can be manufactured in a timely manner. However, there is a need to study the effects of different manufacturing parameters on the materials properties of the finished parts. Specifically, this chapter explains the effects of six different process parameters on the impact resistance. In particular, print temperature, print speed, infill ratio, infill pattern, layer height, and print orientation parameters were studied, and their effects on impact resistance were measured experimentally. Moreover, the optimum values of the process parameters for impact resistance were found. This chapter provides an important guideline for 3D manufacturing in terms of impact resistance of the printed parts. Furthermore, by using this methodology the effects of different 3D printing process parameters on the other material, properties can be determined.

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Surface modification of 3D printed parts":

1

Panin, Alexey, Marina Kazachenok, Sergey Martynov, and Artem Builuk. "Surface modification of 3D-printed Ti–6Al–4V parts by continuous electron beam." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE ADVANCED MATERIALS WITH HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE FOR NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND RELIABLE STRUCTURES. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5083468.

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2

Sidhu, Kuldeep Singh, Jing Shi, Vijay K. Vasudevan, and Seetha Ramaiah Mannava. "Residual Stress Enhancement in 3D Printed Inconel 718 Superalloy Treated by Ultrasonic Nano-Crystal Surface Modification." In ASME 2017 12th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME/ASME 2017 6th International Conference on Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2017-2918.

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Inconel 718 (IN718) is a nickel based Ni-Cr-Fe super alloy. It has a unique set of properties such as good workability, corrosion resistance, high temperature strength, favorable weldability and excellent manufacturability. Due to its wide range of applications, IN718 is an alloy of great interest for many industries. Meanwhile, additive manufacturing assisted with laser has caught much interest from researchers and practitioners in the past three decades. In this study, IN718 alloy coupons are manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) technique. The SLMed IN718 alloys are treated by ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM), and the residual stress distributions underneath the surfaces are measured. It is found that residual stress mostly tensile is induced while building the part by the SLM technique. The tensile stresses can be reduced to almost zero value by post heat treatment. Moreover, the heat treatment helps to homogenize the microstructure, and results in the increase in hardness. More importantly, it is observed that UNSM effectively induces compressive residual stresses in the as-built and heat-treated parts. The residual stresses of compressive nature in as built parts has depth of around 530 μm where as in heat treated parts has a depth of around 530μm.
3

Ok, Jeongbin, and Daniel Scudder. "Emotive qualities of parametrically designed and 3D printed surfaces." In Systems & Design: Beyond Processes and Thinking. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ifdp.2016.3281.

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Surfaces play a crucial role in design. Constituting a physical and visual interface of an object, a surface not only reveals important information about the identity of the entity it encloses but also determines impressions, evaluation, and expectations we have about the object. Despite their significance, surfaces have long been considered to be a subordinate part of form rather than an independent design element, especially under the reign of mass production. This paper challenges the conventional hierarchy and demonstrates a systematic and customisable process of creating purpose-specific, context-oriented surfaces which provide their own set of form and function. Various digital technologies, including coded parametric modelling, geometric alteration, and 3D printing, were employed as main tools and thoroughly utilised across creation, modification and fabrication of surfaces. Through experimentation with software and mechanical configurations and materials, a series of high-resolution surfaces with different parameters were produced. Furthermore, the potential for direct digital manufacturing (DDM) and its practical penetration was investigated by producing all surfaces directly from an affordable desktop filament fused fabrication (FFF) 3D printer without the use of post-production processes, which provided an understanding of the restrictions and opportunities of the technology.User testing was carried out over participants who observed and interacted through touch with each surface both blindfolded and without blindfold. With each interaction the user was asked to populate a questionnaire form that asks them to identify their interpretation of the surface on a spectrum. The questions were devised to explore three distinct areas of inquiry geometry, physical properties and emotive responses. The results were then analysed using the method of design of experiments (DOE) in order to identify parameters that are responsible for arousing specific visual, tactile, and emotional qualities and explore how these surfaces can be interpreted emotively, physiologically and aesthetically by the user.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3281
4

Yang, Yang, Ichiro Hagiwara, Luis Diago, and Junichi Shinoda. "An Origami Crease Pattern Generating Methodology for “Origami 3D Printer”." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97715.

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Abstract The additive 3D printer (hereafter called Add-3D) creates a 3D object with materials being added together layer by layer. Before printing an object, some professional processes are indispensable, such as creating the 3D printable models by computer-aided design (CAD), or 3D scanner, and STL data modification, which are difficult for normal families. As we know, primordially, origami is the ancient art of folding a flat-piece of paper into a 3D shape, that even can be played by kids. So we aim to develop an Origami 3D printer (hereafter called Ori-3D) that can be used by ordinary families with the features of effort and no size limit of model. In Ori-3D, the object is constructed by human hands or by an Origami robot using 2D patterns generated from 3D data (obtained from photos or CAD). Ori-3D includes the following steps: 1) the surface of an object is segmented to several developable surfaces as large as possible using segmentation technique which is used in reverse engineering system. 2) Each developable surface is developed to 2D pattern with mountain & valley lines and glue parts. 3) The 2D crease pattern is optimized by a tree structure method to be easily folded by an Origami Robot. 4) With Origami robot, the object is easily constructed from the improved 2D crease pattern. This paper focuses on discuss the steps 1∼ 3: generation of the 2D crease pattern.
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Tanaka, Martin L., and Jeremy J. Smith. "Utilizing Design for Metal Additive Manufacturing and Topology Optimization to Improve Product Designs." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10633.

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Abstract Metal additive manufacturing has transformed the product design process by enabling the fabrication of components with complex geometries that cannot be manufactured using conventional methods. Initial designs can be further enhanced by employing topology optimization software and Design for Metal Additive Manufacturing (DFMAM) guidelines. In this study, a commercially available bicycle spider-crank was optimized for three-dimensional (3D) metal manufacturing. The 3D surface geometry of the original spider-crank was acquired using a white light scanner and used to generate a 3D solid model of the part. Boundary conditions were obtained from cycling loads found in published literature and applied to an ANSYS Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model. The FEA model was analyzed to determine the von Mises stress throughout the part. ANSYS Topology Optimization software was applied to the model. The software uses an iterative process to remove low stress material and recalculate stress within the part until no more material can be removed without exceeding a target maximum stress value. Following topology optimization, DFMAM principles were applied to enable the part to be 3D printed. Results from the FEA showed the DFMAM optimized design to be 41.5% lighter than the original design. The maximum stress increased from 41.2% of the material yield strength to 61.5% in the DFMAM optimized design, which exceeded the target optimization value of 50% yield strength. Analysis results were verified experimentally. The original design and DFMAM optimized design were printed using an EOS M 290 metal additive manufacturing machine. Parts were separated from the support structure and tested on a universal testing machine. A custom testing apparatus was designed and built to conduct the testing. Testing was performed at 15 degrees intervals throughout the range of motion. Strain gages attached to the arm of the crank were used to obtain stress values at specific locations and dial indicators were used to measure the deflection of the crank arm under load. Experimental results closely matched results obtained from the FEA, validating the model. With the model validated at specific locations, it was assumed that the stress calculated by the FEA at the critical points were also accurate. The results showed the topology optimization software to be an effective and useful tool for optimizing the design of 3D metal printed parts. However, topology optimization alone was not enough to finalize a design prior to printing. The application of DFMAM principles were needed to ensure that the overhanging structures would not collapse during printing. Because the determination of what constitutes an overhang is determined by the part orientation when printed, some modification will generally be required prior to printing. In conclusion, using a bicycle spider-crank as an example, this research has shown that the use of topology optimization software and Design for Metal Additive Manufacturing principles is able to reduce the weight of a 3D metal printed part while simultaneously achieving a maximum stress near a target value.
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Biglete, Emmanuelle R., Mark Christian E. Manuel, Jennifer C. Dela Cruz, Marvin S. Verdadero, John Michael B. Diesta, Daniel Niko G. Miralpez, Ryan Angelo C. Javier, and Jemuel Ian C. Picato. "Surface Roughness Analysis of 3D Printed Parts Using Response Surface Modeling." In 2020 11th IEEE Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsgrc49013.2020.9232561.

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Biglete, Emmanuelle R., Jennifer C. Dela Cruz, Marvin S. Verdadero, Mark Christian E. Manuel, Allison R. Altea, Argel Joseph O. Lubi, Allan Gabriel R. Gatpayat, and Christian Dale B. Santos. "Dimensional Accuracy Evaluation of 3D - Printed Parts Using a 3D Scanning Surface Metrology Technique." In 2020 11th IEEE Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsgrc49013.2020.9232583.

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Kovan, V., G. Altan, E. S. Topal, and H. E. Camurlu. "Surface Roughness Effect on the 3d Printed Butt Joints Strength." In BALTTRIB 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/balttrib.2015.21.

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Three-dimensional printing or 3D printing (also called additive manufacturing) is any of various processes used to make a three-dimensional object. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing technology commonly used for modelling, prototyping, and production applications. It is one of the techniques used for 3D printing. FDM is somewhat restricted in the size and the variation of shapes that may be fabricated. For parts too large to fit on a single build, for faster job builds with less support material, or for parts with finer features, sectioning and bonding FDM parts is a great solution. The strength of adhesive bonded FDM parts is affected by the surface roughness. In this study, the layer thickness effect on bonding strength is experimentally studied and the results are discussed.
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Bhaduri, D., P. Penchev, S. S. Dimov, and S. L. Soo. "Improving the Surface Integrity of 3D Printed Stainless Steel Parts by Laser Polishing." In Proceedings of the 4M/ICOMM2015 Conference. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-09-4609-8_140.

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Palanisamy, Chockalingam, and Ganesh Kumar Krishnan. "Experimental classification and response surface modelling of compression property of 3D printed polylactic acid parts." In PROCEEDINGS OF GREEN DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE 2020. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0044289.

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