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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Turbines à gaz – Effets des hautes températures"
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Дисертації з теми "Turbines à gaz – Effets des hautes températures"
Troncy, Romain. "Synthesis and high-temperature behavior of self-restoring coatings." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LAROS034.
Повний текст джерелаThe selection of materials used in the hot parts of aeronautical turbines or in power plants has become a crucial issue in view of ecological and economic imperative. Turbine blades are amongst the most critical components. Their mechanical resistance is ensured by the substrate itself (steels and Ni alloys and superalloys). However, their low environmental resistance requires the application of protective coatings delivering Al to form oxide barriers blocking the external oxidative and corrosive attack. Upon exposure at high temperatures, Al depletes from the coating by oxidation to grow the oxide scale and by interdiffusion with the substrate’s elements resulting in the loss of protection. Some specific coating structures like the diffusion barriers have been investigated in the past but the overall mechanical properties are lowered and the fabrication and environmental costs are high. Therefore, a pioneering and original investigation has been conducted to synthesize “self-regenerating” aluminum diffusion coatings. These coatings are characterized by a composite structure whereby the matrix made of NixAly intermetallic phases is strengthened with microreservoirs made of NixAly core and an Al2O3 shell through which Al diffuses out to maintain the adequate Al concentration in the matrix, hence to stabilize the external protective Al2O3 scale.Our studies demonstrate that the aluminothermic reactions between NiO and Al lead to the formation of such a self-regenerating coating with an interdiffusion barrier at the coating/substrate interface whenever Ni is preoxidized at 1100°C for 2h beforehand. However, all the coatings sintered through this method possess residual NiO, which may compromise their adherence to the substrate. In contrast, the use of electrochemical methods allows to incorporate Al3Ni2 microparticles in the NI electrodeposits. With a subsequent slurry aluminizing treatment, the preoxidized particles incorporate homogeneously in a β-NiAl coating matrix. After exposure at 1100°C for 48h in air, the Al content in the self-regenerating coatings is greater than 40 at% as opposed to the micro-reservoirs-free aluminide coating allowing to demonstrate the self-regenerating property of these new coatings
Artizzu, Paola. "Combustion catalytique du méthane à haute température : application dans les turbines à gaz." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10261.
Повний текст джерелаCrabos, Fabrice. "Caractérisation, évaluation et optimisation de systèmes barrière thermique industriels. Applications aux turbines à gaz." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT018G.
Повний текст джерелаThébaud, Louis. "Etude des relations entre microstructure et propriétés mécaniques du nouveau superalliage base nickel AD730™." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESMA0033/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn view of the turbine entry temperature evolution, the main challenge for metallurgists is to elaborate new alloys able to withstand higher temperatures while keeping great mechanical properties. Therefore, knowing the relationships between microstructural parameters and mechanical properties at high temperatures (700°C and more) is mandatory.The creep and dwell-fatigue durability as well as the damage mechanisms of AD730™, a new nickel base superalloy developed for turbine disks, have been analyzed. Several microstructural parameters were studied (grain boundaries, grain size, size and distribution of γ′ precipitates) as well as experimental parameters (temperature, environment, applied stress or dwell period). By using single crystalline specimens having the same chemical composition of the studied alloy, it has been shown unambiguously that single crystalline microstructures do not necessarily present better creep properties compared to polycristalline ones. This result is supposed to be caused by a grain boundary strengthening mechanism. Moreover, in creep at 700°C, it has been shown that the main viscoplasticity controlling parameters are the size and distribution of γ′ precipitates.An unexpected dwell-fatigue behavior has been observed for long hold times and in a specific applied stress window. This phenomena is attributed to a “Bauschinger type” effect, occurring during unloading phases
Nuzzo, Manon. "Influence de l'environnement gazeux sur les performances électrochimiques de cellules à oxyde solide (SOC) en mode Electrolyse à Haute Température (EHT)." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066141.
Повний текст джерелаHigh Temperature Steam Electrolysis (HTSE) is a promising technology for hydrogen production, leading candidate as future fuel. However, massive hydrogen production remains difficult considering the fast performance degradation of solid oxide electrolyser cells (SOEC) mainly due to extreme experimental conditions (high working temperature (700-1000°C), oxidising atmosphere, high current density). In these conditions, degradation is due to reactivity between SOEC components, evolution of their microstructure and internal stresses emphasized by temperature and gas composition gradients. This work is dedicated to the study of the influence of the gaseous environment on electrochemical performance on SOEC in HTSE mode and to the development of a homogeneous method for gas distribution over the SOEC surface to enable a more uniform cells operation and limit internal stresses. Commercial electrolyte supported cells are studied (Ni/CGO–3YSZ–LSM/YSZ). First to start with, the SOEC electrochemical behaviour is studied with a traditional experimental set-up. Electrochemical characterisations are carried out in situ through chronopotentiometry and impedance spectroscopy. Secondly, new specific experimental sets-up were developed in order to vary the homogeneity of the gas distribution over the hydrogen electrode. To finish with, the influence of the gas distribution method has been studied on the initial electrochemical behaviour and then on the SOEC durability
Bouchaud, Baptiste. "Electrosynthèse de nouveaux revêtements à base d'élément de terres rares destinés à accroître la durabilité à haute température des matériaux des turbines." La Rochelle, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LAROS284.
Повний текст джерелаEncrenaz, Michel. "Corrosion sous contrainte à haute température en milieu salin de l'alliage de titane Ti 6246." Bordeaux 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR10528.
Повний текст джерелаPeyrovi, Parnian. "Improved resistance to deactivation of coupled NH3-SCR/ DPF catalyst for diesel exhaust emissions control." Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R041.
Повний текст джерелаDiesel engines have been extensively implemented because they emit lesser CO2 than gasoline engine of equivalent power, since they work in lean condition, i.e. in excess of oxygen. Recently, Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalysts coated on Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) have been introduced for automotive applications due to capability of reducing NOx and PM simultaneously. However, such implementation requires improved thermal resistance of the SCR catalyst due to the exotherms related to the periodic regeneration of DPF. The point of this manuscript is to propose a catalyst active in NOx reduction by NH3 after aging at high temperature. The first part of this manuscript details the modifications of CeV0.95W0.05O4 catalyst by adding of rare earths elements (Pr3+, Gd3+, Tb3+, and Er3+). The most promising catalyst obtained by the partial substitution of cerium by rare earths was finally Ce0.5Er0.5V0.95W0.05O4 catalyst. A partial substitution of the cerium by the erbium allows obtaining an increase of the activity after an aging at 600°C and 850°C attributed to the ability of erbium to promote thermal stability of the vanadium-containing catalysts. This behaviour might be also correlated with the characteristics of Er3+_O_V5+ bond and to their ability to alter the characteristics of the V_O bond and the acid/base surface properties. Ce0.5Er0.5V0.95W0.05O4 catalyst, an optimized formulation, is able to get a NOx conversion superior to 80% between 250 and 400°C in Fast-SCR condition after an aging at 850°C
Dawi, Kamel. "Corrosion à haute température de fontes GS à matrice ferritique et austénitique sous atmosphères complexes." Compiègne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009COMP1803.
Повний текст джерелаXiong, Bao Kou. "Quantification des gaz générés lors du fonctionnement d'une batterie Li-ion : effet des conditions opératoires et rôle de l'électrolyte." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR4003/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe functioning of lithium-ion batteries, may it be under normal use or under abusive conditions, is accompanied by gas generation, especially during the first cycles. This extent of gas generation is dependent on the choice of electrode materials, the electrolyte, and the operating conditions. This gas generation is detrimental: the build-up of pressure leads to the over-pressure in the battery, raising serious concerns. This study is aimed at understanding the fundamental mechanisms governing these reactions. To do so, the « pouch cell » configuration was adopted throughout this thesis. The electrolyte we worked on is the mixture EC:PC:3DMC + 1 mol.L-1 LiPF6. The first chapter of this work is dedicated to development of an experimental protocol based on (i) the analysis of the electrodes materials (NMC, LFP, Gr and LTO), (ii) the gas solubilities (O2, H2) compared to (CO2, CH4) by PVT method, and (iii) the quantification of the volume of generated gases during the cycling of pouch cells which was correlated to the electrochemical performances. A preliminary analysis of half-cells and full cells Gr//NMC and LTO//LFP were also conducted to foresee the performances of the pouch cells. A critical analysis of data taken from the literature and from our own experiments enabled the optimization of a proper procedure to get reproducible and comparable results. The second part of this thesis consists in the quantification of the volume of gases generated during the cycling of Gr//NMC, Gr//LFP, LTO//LFP and LTO//NMC pouch cells. In that respect, the voltages of the end of charge and the effect of salt and of temperature were discussed to figure out the essential parameters in the gas generation and in particular during the formation of SEI. Lastly, a compositional analysis of gases was performed using GC-MS and FTIR. Based on those results, a mechanism is proposed and discussed herein