Дисертації з теми "Work in distance"
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1
Lentell, Helen M. "Distance education as work : making distance education work in campus universities." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/43124.
Анотація:
This thesis is about distance education as work in campus universities. It seeks to understand how distance education arose and has been sustained in campus universities. The research uncovers that critical to the development and sustainability of distance education are the workers (academic and administrative) who believe and are committed to this form of provision for those who are otherwise unable to study. The literature on distance education rarely addresses the role of the distance education workers. Rather it suggests that distance education is very unlikely to develop, let alone be sustained, if the appropriate infra structure is not in place to support it. More recently a contrasting approach, ignoring policies and organisational structures, suggests that the wide scale adoption of learning technologies will mainstream distance education into conventional university provision. There will be little or no difference between the two methods of course delivery. My professional observation was that neither accounts could explain the vibrant and successful distance education that had grown bottom up within departments in campus universities in the UK. This provision, whilst successful, remained marginal to mainstream university teaching and learning. The research for this thesis took place between 2012 and 2015. It utilises an iterative ethnographically informed interview process and was in two stages. The first stage was concerned with ascertaining what ten internationally well known and successful leaders of distance education provision considered to be the critical factors for successful distance education provision. Called the leader/experts in the research, I had anticipated that they would stress leadership and management - and they did. However what emerged from these first stage conversations was that above all else it was the people who worked in distance education who made it take off and thrive. Thus whilst infra structure and technology were important, they were second order considerations for success. These leader/experts pointed to the team working and shared values of distance education workers and their role, as leaders in distance education, was to provide an enabling environment for distance education workers. The second and substantive stage of the research explores how 27 distance education workers in 6 departments in three UK campus universities, describe their work and why it is important to them. The analysis of the research data suggests that distance education workers, in all research sites, saw themselves as working in non hierarchical teams where all, regardless of grade or role, supported each other, worked cooperatively and learned together. This is described as the distance education community of practice and is seen by the distance education workers as very different to the typical (individualistic and competitive) ways of working in academic departments. In addition the interviewees all stressed their involvement and engagement with their distance education students, and emphasised that in all aspects of their work they were student centred. Interviewees also stressed their belief in the benefit of distance education, in particular emphasising the values of access. These core ideas and dispositions are described in the thesis as the distance education habitus. The distance education community of practice and distance education habitus give the distance education workers a sense of identity separate to their campus colleagues and explains their tireless efforts to 'work around' the systems and processes of the campus university, which are not designed to ensure the flexibility distance education students require for successful study. However all the interviewees, but most particularly in two of the universities (A and C), also reported that these ways of working were being eroded and stifled by changing managerial practices that promoted what were described as more 'efficient' ways of running the university. These managerial practices included technology led systems approaches to the management of all students, and changing requirements demanded of academic staff. The thesis concludes by drawing analogies with other public sector provision and noting the contradictions that whilst higher education policy makers are addressing the need for flexibility the operational management of universities are making this harder to achieve.
2
Mathieu, Chauvet. "The Management of Distance in Distributed-work." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/cis_diss/50.
Анотація:
Distributed- work has introduced challenges for both employees and managers alike. Maintaining a form of supervision and discipline remains then necessary as control is the ultimate means for the hierarchy to bridge the issue of distance. With regard to the unprecedented changes generated by the significant development of ICTs in organizations, we expressed the necessity to analyze how control is reconsidered within the managerial breakdown introduced by distributed-work.
Our theoretical reasoning finally led us to use the works of French philosopher Gilles Deleuze as a basis for a more relevant conceptual framework. Data coming from 49 interviews and 7 days as non-participant observer enabled us to provide evidences for the disruption of management practices due to the reconsideration of control in distributed-work. Both for managers, evolving from a supervisory to a facilitator status, and distributed-workers themselves, whose activities will mainly be directed by the management of their visibility, responsiveness and modulation. Ultimately, this PhD dissertation provides concrete managerial manifestations for Deleuzian societies of control.
3
Davies, Paul. "Experience and distance : Heidegger, Blanchot, Levinas." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328614.
4
González, Hernán Mauricio. "The interaction between distance to work and vehicle miles traveled." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7858.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Agricultural and Resource Economics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
5
Nyström, Anton. "The Loss of Chaos : Figurational Togetherness with Digital Distance Work." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446323.
Анотація:
During the COVID-19 pandemic, many organizations and employees suddenly became increasingly reliant on digital technologies to safely continue work. In this master’s thesis, I tried to understand how such rapid change could be understood when compared to wider, more gradual processes of intensifying media reliance. This was a case study of a department within a Swedish municipality administration. Through employee interviews and a thematic analysis, and by drawing from mediatization theory and the figurational approach, I aimed to explore how a sudden increase in digital distance work had affected experiences of figurational togetherness, and how this related to wider processes of mediatization. More specifically, I assessed how practices of communication were perceived to have changed with digital distance work, and how the latter had affected aspects of power and the self. In sum, there had been a formalization and individualization of ‘figurational togetherness’ – the social experience of being with others in one or more figurations. Communication was generally perceived to have become more formal, structured, and efficient, but also more detached than before. At the same time, digital distance work appeared to have facilitated self-empowerment and individuality. Such processes had a partial and sometimes contradictory relation to wider processes of mediatization. The findings of this study were conceptualized as a ‘loss of chaos’. Given a newly gained perspective on physical copresence, I argued that one could start to make out the attributes of its materiality. Physical space involved chance, messiness, and contingency, but also inspiration, information richness and subtle yet complex social dynamics. Such aspects of chaos did not always translate well into the digital realm, something that was attributed to the characteristics and capacities that current digital collaboration tools did and did not have. Ultimately, the argument was made that this calls for further inquiries into the materiality of digital office technologies and that of physical copresence itself.
6
Boyd, Charles F. "Preachers mentoring preachers through distance sermon coaching." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.
7
Hallin, Henning. "Leadership at a distance : A qualitative study of managerial work at a distance during the COVID-19 pandemic." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-56024.
Анотація:
The aim of this study was to investigate management and leadership at a distance during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden. Eight managers from a large industrial company in Sweden currently working full time from home participated in the study, of which six were women. Semi structured interviews were carried out and the data was analyzed through thematic analysis which yielded 7 themes accompanied by 5 subthemes. Not being in the same physical space removes informal interactions, and to combat this, formalization has increased. Tasks that do not lend themselves well to formalization, such as getting a feel for co-worker’s emotional state or creative work, were found to be more difficult. The managers workdays had a high number of digital meetings, and their way of working was changed through digital adaptations. While the availability of quality social interactions with co-workers was down, digital meetings were used to keep interactions up within the work group. While work environment management was harder, work requiring heavy focus was described as more efficient when teleworking. Overall, the situation surrounding COVID-19 has been challenging for managers, but the digital space has evolved quickly, and work has still been able to function surprisingly well.
8
Maley, Lejla Bilal. "Teaming at a Distance: The Work Experience on Global Virtual Teams." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1588265024091539.
9
Ford, Michael Thomas. "Implications of psychological distance for the structure and motivation of safety at work." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3222.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--George Mason University, 2008.Vita: p. 123. Thesis director: Lois E. Tetrick. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Aug. 28, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 114-122). Also issued in print.
10
Chauvet, Mathieu. "The management of distances in distributed-work : a Deleuzian approach to control." Thesis, Paris 9, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA090053.
Анотація:
L’émergence du travail à distance a causé l’apparition de nombreux challenges pour les managers et leurs subordonnés. Par conséquent, maintenir une forme de surveillance s’avère plus que jamais nécessaire, notamment car le contrôle représente un moyen significatif pour réduire la problématique de la distance. Au regard du bouleversement conséquent amené par ce développement exponentiel des technologies, il convient de s’interroger sur la façon dont les processus de contrôle ont été remis en question dans le cadre de la rupture managériale introduite par le travail à distance. Notre réflexion théorique nous a finalement conduit à solliciter les travaux du philosophe Gilles Deleuze comme base conceptuelle. Les données issues de 49 entretiens et 7 journées d’observations nous permettent de démontrer le bouleversement significatif des pratiques de gestion lié à la reconsidération du contrôle dans le travail à distance. A la fois pour les managers qui voient leur rôle évoluer d'un statut de superviseur à facilitateur, et leurs subordonnés, dont l'activité sera majoritairement guidée par le management de leur visibilité, réactivité et modulation. Cette thèse de doctorat constitue finalement une illustration concrète en Management du concept Deleuzien des sociétés de contrôleDistributed- work has introduced challenges for both employees and managers alike. Maintaining a form of supervision and discipline remains then necessary as control is the ultimate means for the hierarchy to bridge the issue of distance. With regard to the unprecedented changes generated by the significant development of ICTs in organizations, we expressed the necessity to analyze how control is reconsidered within the managerial breakdown introduced by distributed-work. Our theoretical reasoning finally led us to use the works of French philosopher Gilles Deleuze as a basis for a more relevant conceptual framework. Data coming from 49 interviews and 7 days as non-participant observer enabled us to provide evidences for the disruption of management practices due to the reconsideration of control in distributed-work. Both for managers, evolving from a supervisory to a facilitator status, and distributed-workers themselves, whose activities will mainly be directed by the management of their visibility, responsiveness and modulation. Ultimately, this PhD dissertation provides concrete managerial manifestations for Deleuzian societies of control
11
Galbreath, Warren B. "The factors which influence the replacement of West Virginia's youths at a distance from home counties /." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487694389394609.
12
Im, Hyun Gyung. "In sync over distance : flexible coordination through communication in geographically distributed software development work." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40393.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph. D. in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS))--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Science, Technology and Society, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 209-219).
In this dissertation, I examine how the members of a distributed software development team (LC) operating entirely virtually for four and half years developed useful social practices to collaborate across time and space. Based on various communication data from LC, I analyze the communicative structuring of distributed work in members' daily practices. I show that "temporal flexibility," often mentioned as key advantage of virtual organizing, is socially accomplished through "boundary management," as members negotiate different temporal boundaries and learn and adapt to others' temporal patterns. Second, I identify dynamic coordination practices in LC that interweave multiple modes of communication and coordination in evolving work contexts, and demonstrate how these coordination practices facilitate temporal flexibility in LC. Finally, I analyze how members used the asynchronous communication medium of email to coordinate their tasks, using the notion of genre and genre system.
(cont.) My analysis suggests that communicating, coordinating, and temporal structuring are not distinctive activities, but are closely bound up with each other in a local practice; time, communication, and coordination are dynamically reconfigured over time, reflecting evolving work, social relations, and local contexts. Key Words: distribute teams, virtual teams, virtual organizing, technology-mediated communication, temporal flexibility, coordinating, communicating, temporal structuring, social practices, communicative structuring, genre and genre system, reconfiguration of time, communication, and coordination.
by Hyun Gyung Im.
Ph.D.in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS
13
Dunkels, Elza. "Bridging the distance : children’s strategies on the internet." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Interactive Media and Learning, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1340.
Анотація:
This thesis deals with the following questions: What do children find negative on the Internet? What counter strategies do they use? How have they developed these strategies? The method used is one-to-one online interviews and the analyses are qualitative in nature. The sample is children in grade 6 of the Swedish compulsory school, aged between 11 and 13. 104 children, 52 girls and 52 boys, from different parts of Sweden were interviewed.
The media debate seems to display consensus regarding what threats the Internet poses to young people. The conclusion of this thesis is, however, that children’s views of the Internet in many ways differ from the media related adult view. The children of this study do not express a great deal of anxiety about the negative sides of the Internet. They are aware of, and can describe many downsides but these are not present in their everyday use of the Internet. Digging deeper it turns out that many children have in fact well-developed counter strategies. However, these strategies are not conscious in the sense that the children discuss them. Instead, they seem integrated in their online environment. The counter strategies have been developed by the children alone or together with peers. In some, but remarkably few, cases adults have been giving tips or teaching the children strategies. Nevertheless, the study does not paint a picture of naïve children, unable to see actual threats, but of responsible young citizens who are aware of the threats that exist in their online setting – sometimes from personal experience – and have developed methods to avoid such threats.
14
Letourneux, Frédérique. "À distance. Enquête sur les figures contemporaines du travail à domicile." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0138/document.
Анотація:
Ma thèse porte sur la métamorphose du travail à domicile en travail à distance. Au-delà du statut classique du salariat à domicile, le travail à distance s’actualise en effet désormais dans des statuts institutionnels, des lieux et des temporalités variés. En l’occurrence, l’analyse est centrée sur la comparaison de trois groupes professionnels : des graphistes freelance, des journalistes-pigistes et des secrétaires indépendantes. Partageant le fait d’exercer leur activité hors d’un collectif de travail, ces professionnels cherchent, chacun à leur manière, à construire et défendre un cadre spatio-temporel de travail singulier.L’enquête repose sur une série de 54 entretiens par récits de vie réalisés, dans leur majorité, au domicile des enquêtés. Elle se déploie sur trois niveaux qui se superposent. Dans un premier temps, il s’agit de souligner quelles sont les ressources et les stratégies dont disposent ces professionnels pour se maintenir sur le marché et dans quelle mesure le rapport de non-subordination physique à l’employeur pose la question de l’autonomie dans la réalisation du travail. Dans cette optique, mon enquête entre en écho avec les débats actuels sur cette « zone grise » (Supiot, 2000) qui se situe à la frontière entre le salariat et l’indépendance, et sur les formes d’hybridation qui en découlent. Dans le deuxième temps de cette thèse, il s’agit de définir la nature et de tracer les limites du cadre spatio-temporel dans lequel le travail à distance se déploie hors du cadre idéal-typique de l’organisation. Cette exploration des configurations du chez-soi de travail pose plus fondamentalement la question des effets que la distance produit sur l’identité même du travailleur. Le dernier temps de la démonstration s’attache ainsi à analyser le travail à distance non seulement comme une forme de travail atypique, mais comme une façon singulière de s’inscrire dans le monde social et d’articuler son engagement dans le travail au regard d’autres sphères d’engagement (familial, domestique, amical, personnel). Mon enquête montre que les registres de justification et les valeurs que mobilisent les individus pour définir une identité pour eux-mêmes et pour autrui sont socialement distribuésThis thesis focuses on the transformations of « home working » into « distance working ». Indeed, if homeworking has for a long time concerned only salaried workers, henceforth working at distance refers to different status of employment, workplaces and work schedules. My analysis relies on the comparison of three different types of professionals : freelance graphic designers, freelance journalists and self-employed secretaries. All of them work out of the institutional organization and try to define spatial and temporal limits for the process of work. The investigation analyses a compilation of 54 biographies based on interviews with workers carried out directly at their home. The demonstration is organized in three parts. First, it focuses on how professionnals manage to take a stand on the market and how it could be understood in terms of autonomy at work. My approach discusses the contemporary sociological works whose goal is to define new status of employement. It explores this « grey zone» (Supiot, 2000) between salaried and self-employed workers. The second part is about the concrete workplace at home and how workers manage to define their own framework. These different arrangements of working at home reflect the way individuals succeed in defending their own identity as professionnals. Finally I show that « distance working » is not only an atypical form of work, but a singular way to be part of the social world as well as to choose and switch between different commitments (domestic, personal, familial, etc.) This thesis shows how individuals use different registers of justifications and values in order to define their identity for themselves and for the others, and how this process is socially distributed
15
Sandow, Erika. "On the road : Social aspects of commuting long distances to work." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-43674.
Анотація:
With its point of departure of increasing numbers of people being engaged in commuting, the aim of this thesis is to reveal prerequisites for and consequences of long-distance commuting in Sweden for the individual and his or her partner. Special attention has been given to prerequisites for long-distance commuting in sparsely populated areas, and to social consequences related to long-distance commuting in terms of gender differences in commuting patterns, earnings and separation. The thesis is based on four empirical studies, presented in different papers. Two studies draw on individual longitudinal register data on all Swedish long-distance commuters living with a partner. The other two focus on commuting behaviour in sparsely populated areas, one based on individual register data and the other on a survey. Long-distance commuting (>30 kilometres) has become an increasingly common mobility strategy among Swedish workers and their households. Results from the thesis show that 11 percent of Swedish workers are long-distance commuters and about half of them live in a relationship. Among these couples many are families with children, indicating the importance of social ties in households’ decisions on where to work and live. Most long-distance commuters are men, and it is also likely that long-distance commuters have a high education level and are employed in the private sector. For the majority, long-distance commuting gives higher earnings; however, men benefit economically more than women do. As long-distance commuting reduces available family time, the non-commuting spouse often takes on a larger share of household commitments. The thesis shows that men’s long-distance commuting may therefore serve to reproduce and reinforce traditional gender roles on the labour market and within households. On the other hand, women’s long-distance commuting can lead to more equalitarian relationships on the labour market and within households. For the majority of couples it seems as if long-distance commuting becomes more than a temporary mobility strategy, while for some couples it does not work out very well. Separation rates are found to be higher among long-distance commuters compared to other couples; especially the first years of commuting seem to be the most challenging. It is suggested that coping strategies are important to make the consequences of long-distance commuting easier to handle and adjust to in the daily life puzzle. For those unable to handle these consequences, long-distance commuting is not a sustainable mobility strategy and can even end a relationship. The extent of long-distance commuting is low in sparsely populated areas, and those who do long-distance commute are mainly men. Most people work and live within the same locality and do not accept longer commuting times than do those in densely populated areas. In this thesis it is argued that facilitating car commuting in the more sparsely populated areas of Sweden can be more economically and socially sustainable, for the individual commuters as well as for society, than encouraging commuting by public transportation.
16
Gullekson, Nicole L. "Cultural Distance, Perception of Emotional Display Rules, and Their Influence on Sojourner Adjustment." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1186409258.
17
Watson, Kelley D. "Remote management : traditional leadership behaviors in a contemporary work environment." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/432.
18
Julsrud, Tom Erik. "Trust across Distance : A network approach to the development, distribution and maintenance of trust in distributed work groups." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of sociology and political science, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-2246.
Анотація:
Work groups that consist of members localized in different geographical places, but maintain contact via electronic media, have become a widespread phenomenon within modern organizations. These are generally referred to as distributed work groups. Trust is increasingly considered to be a key characteristic for distributed groups, which can help improve the quality of the work, increase the effectiveness of the group, and prevent conflicts. At the same time, trust is a characteristic that can be difficult to develop within the frameworks where such groups often operate. This dissertation examines the opportunities that exist for such groups to establish and preserve trust, using an empirical study of four cases linked to an international Norwegian company as its basis. The dissertation builds upon a network-based analytical perspective, in which the distributed groups are understood to be dynamic relational networks, supported by different types of information and communication technologies (ICT). In accordance with this perspective, trust is primarily understood to be a characteristic of the social relations that exist within the groups, and a quality of the structural configurations of trust-bearing networks. In this field, the network perspective opens up for more detailed analyses than what has previously been done, with greater focus on the “structural aspects” of trust.
The dissertation explores three main processes linked to the following: 1) establishing trust within distributed groups; 2) the distribution of trust in relation to ICT-based communication; and 3) the significance of structural configurations for preserving trust within groups. The results indicate first that trust in groups is established and reinforced in situations where certain coworkers actively build trust over geographical and cultural barriers. These relational processes are described in the dissertation as trust brokering. Trust brokering involves a gradual building up of trust relations through regular interactions, and it can be developed along a cognitive and an affective dimension. Second, the results demonstrate that affective and cognitive trust networks follow different structural patterns within the groups, and they are supported by different types of ICT; while the affective networks are especially supported by face-to-face communication and text messages, the cognitive networks are especially supported by voice telephony and email. This indicates that the quality of the social relations affects what technology is used to initiate or maintain a relation. Third, the results reveal that the groups with high levels of group-based trust have developed integrated cores consisting of trust-bearing relations, involving key actors in the group. This suggests that the groups’ structural configuration of trust-bearing relations influence on how well trust is developed and maintained in these cases.
19
Long, Alexander. "The distance longing requires a study of mutual influence in the work of Philip Levine and Larry Levis /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 202 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1397914751&sid=8&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
20
Culqui, Fernandez Angela, and Torres Adela González. "Telework: An Innovative Form of Work Organization, a Labor Inclusion Tool and its Legal Regulation in Peru." Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/117981.
Анотація:
This article is about the telework, which is an atypical form of work organization, characterized by the use of the information and communication technologies, and the performing of the activities outside the workplace. This type of work can be used as a tool for the inclusion of people into the labor market and the reconciliation between work and family time. Also, we carry out a review and analysis of the current regulations on the subject in Peru.El presente artículo trata acerca del teletrabajo, el cual es una forma atípica de la organización del trabajo, caracterizado por el uso de las tecnología de la comunicación e información, y por realizar la prestación laboral fuera del centro de trabajo, cuya implementación pueda ser aprovechada como una herramienta de inclusión laboral y de conciliación de la vida personal y laboral. Asimismo, realizamos un repaso y análisis de la regulación existente sobre el particular en el Perú.
21
Fondren, Kristi McLeod. "WALKING ON THE WILD SIDE: AN EXAMINATION OF A LONG-DISTANCE HIKING SUBCULTURE." MSSTATE, 2009. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-07092009-193111/.
Анотація:
A great deal of previous sociological research has examined the social contours of subcultures, focusing either on highly transient subcultures (e.g., among youth) or, conversely, stable institutionalized subcultures (e.g., among professionals). More recent scholarship has examined how leisure subcultures are formed and sustained around a particular interest or activity (e.g., windsurfing). However, little attention has been paid to the role of recreational settings (i.e., specific geographical locales) in the formation of leisure subcultures. Using the Appalachian Trail as a case study, I aim to fill that gap by examining a long-distance hiking subculture. I use ethnographic data collected from long-distance hikers on the Appalachian Trail to carry out the study. My investigation is guided by a subcultural perspective which allows me to identify and understand the sociality and social practices of a long-distance hiking subculture. Consequently, long-distance hikers can be identified and understood through (1) a negative relation to work, (2) a negative or ambivalent relation to class, (3) an association with territory, (4) non-domestic forms of belonging, (5) a range of excessive attributes, and (6) a refusal of the banalities of ordinary life. My qualitative analysis of long-distance hikers accounts and interactions permits me to explore how subcultural ideologies and practices are combined with a socially significant place to forge powerful emotional bonds among long-distance hikers and strong attachments to the Appalachian Trail.
22
Banks, Sevaughn. "A comparison of traditional classroom and distance learning formats in social work education among students at a state university." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2006. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1295.
Анотація:
This investigation examined sense of community, interaction, and feedback. When the three variables are combined, they equate to what is called the human element. This research analyzed each of the variables independently and combined (the human element) in the traditional classroom environment and the distance learning classroom environment. Sixty six (66) survey participants were used to analyze the results of the study. The investigator utilized non probability sampling to obtain the study participants. The participants were composed mostly of undergraduate students who completed SW 350: Child Welfare at San Francisco State University. A survey instrument was created which was adapted from previous researchers' tools. The findings of the study indicated that there is no statistically significant difference in the human element in the traditional classroom environment and the distance learning classroom environment. Course format has a statistical significant difference on sense of community. Students' responses indicate that there is a difference in sense of community in the distance learning environment and the face-to-face environment. A chi square test was calculated. It concluded that students favored sense of community more in the face-to-face environment rather than the distance learning environment. Course format does not have a statistical significant difference on interaction. Course format does not have a statistical significant difference on feedback.
23
Nilsen, Mona. "Food for thought : communication and the transformation of work experience in web-based in-service training /." Göteborg : Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/20235.
24
Gao, Shuting. "Learner support for distance learners : A study of six cases of ICT-based distance education institutions in China." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik och didaktik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-82487.
Анотація:
This thesis focuses on learner support in Chinese distance education. It draws a picture of Chinese modern distance education, covering the major issues in the field of learner support, and small group work as peer support. The aim of the study is to find out whether or not the learner support, that distance students at university level obtained, has the tendency to support students’ deep learning. The aim has been achieved by examining learner support in six institutions of ICT-based distance education in China. Three other sources of learner support are investigated. The main objectives of the study are: 1) to describe the distance students’ characteristics; 2) to examine their learning habits, learning organizations, and their interactions; 3) to investigate the student support provided by the institutions; family support; societal support; and peer support in the form of small group work. The purpose of this study is to define current practices of learner support in the six distance education institutions, determining the extent of similarities and differences on learner support services among these institutions. The study is applying a case-study approach, using qualitative and quantitative methods to investigate the six Chinese distance education institutions. During the first stage, several field visits were conducted in different research sites with on-site participant observation, non-participant observation and interviews for obtaining knowledge of Chinese distance education. In the second stage, a survey with a student questionnaire was distributed to students present and others online, in total 587. In addition, semi-structured interviews with staff members (administrators, instructors and tutors), individual students, and student focus groups were performed. The present research is one of the few in-depth case studies that focus on the relation between learner support system and different approaches to learning. On the basis of these research findings, the importance of a well-designed learner support system for the distance learner, a system for fostering creative, critical or independent thinking skills, or deep learning, in line with Chinese cultural and social conditions, is underlined.
25
Lindberg, J. Ola Olofsson Anders D. "Training teachers through technology : a case study of a distance-based teacher training programme /." Umeå : Department of Education, Umeå University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-626.
26
Booth, Alice Elizabeth. "Performing selves : Distance and identification in the Experimental performance work of imitating the dog (ITD), Desperate optimists and insomniac productions." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.514410.
27
Martna, Haara. "Distansledarskapets spelregler - en fallstudie av utlokaliserade journalisters upplevelser av distansledarskap och arbetsmotivation." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-82536.
Анотація:
What is e-leadership and how can it be framed in a distance context? How can work motivation be understood as a correlated theme? In prior leadership research and theory it has been taken for granted that leadership occurs in a face-to-face environment, so how to study leadership in a remote context? According to recent research, e-leadership defines this leader-member relation in this new arena, and a central focus of this research has been on communication. Communication is a central theme in the remote setting because it is the only interaction arena which allows leadership to be seen and understood. By conducting a case study in a multi media organization with distance working journalists as focus group this essay aims to bring a deeper understanding of how e-leadership works and how it effects work motivation. The field of media organizations is interesting to study as distance work is not an unusual working environment for journalists, and research has indicated that work motivation needs for these highly specified creative workers are somewhat differentiated from other, for example industrial workers, which implies that motivation theories urges an update. The data was collected by individual interviews which later were transcribed and categorized into emerging themes. The themes were then analyzed through the theoretical framework. The results from this case study implies that the distance working context includes several challenges and more responsibilities in a comparative to a physical environment where there are other service units. For example the social aspects of having meaningful social relationships to coworkers and leaders is a challenge in a context where there are few, if any physical meetings. The time pressure in the daily work makes the communication mostly work based, and there is little time over for small talk. The distance work environment also includes more responsibilities in terms of watering the flowers at the office, filling up the printer with paper and other responsibilities not strictly attached to the work assignments, but still a part of them.
28
Al-Shamali, Fahad. "Participatory decision-making : an empirical investigation of Kuwait Islamic banks." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/12108.
Анотація:
One of the world’s fastest growing banking methods today is Shariah compliant banking, with the number of Islamic banking and finance institutions growing from one in 1975 to more than three hundred today in more than seventy-five countries around the world, holding assets valued around US$1 trillion. However, research and understanding regarding the management in decision-making in the Islamic banking industry is underdeveloped. This study, unlike previous research, applies Islamic Work Ethics (IWE’s) and Participatory Decision-Making (PDM) to inspect both their influence and outcomes. However, despite PDM’s maturity and validity in different contexts, very little published literature strives to extend its capability in the Islamic banking context. Both PDM and IWE’s have found to lead to greater job satisfaction and commitment; however, interrelationships have not yet been studied. As a result, it is unclear if the PDM approach to determining whether or not employees should be involved in the decision-making process is applicable with IWE’s or within Islamic banking and developing country contexts. As a result, a need arises for the addition of factors, which may potentially develop the understanding of employee involvement in decision-making, as misuse and lack of understanding of PDM may lead to low job satisfaction and commitment. The current study is sorted into multiple stages as to carry out the entire research. To start with, the introduction section of this study provides the setting of the research including the background of the study, aims, objectives and research questions. Moving on, a critical literature review is provided as to identify key points in previous studies. As a result, research hypotheses are extracted, which provides the relationships being tested, of which the theoretical framework is based. Next, the methodology, which is applied in the study, is identified and justifications for data collection methods, analysis tools and multiple tests are provided. Afterwards, questionnaires were distributed to front desk employees working within the Kuwaiti Islamic banking industry as the sample for primary data. Following, vi data analysis is carried out, from which the findings and accepting and rejecting of analysis is reliant upon. Outcome identified that employee desires to be involved in decision-making was greatly influenced by IWE’s. Also, employees desire to be involved in decision-making differentiated significantly based on whether or not decisions were based on actual work or regarding fellow co-workers. Finally, theoretical and managerial implications are provided, as well as suggestions for future research.
29
Darius, Emma, and Emma Enbom. "Work-life balance vid tvingande distansarbete : en kvalitativ studie gjord i ett tillverkningsföretag under covid-19 pandemin." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-16901.
Анотація:
Sedan december 2019 sprids ett nytt virus i världen, sjukdomen som viruset orsakar har fått namnet Covid-19 och effekterna av viruset har varit dramatiska för organisationer och anställda över hela världen. I och med det nya viruset har många organisationer tvingas till förändring för att försöka förhindra ytterligare spridning, vilket har lett till att många idag arbetar hemifrån. Vi har därför valt att göra en kvalitativ studie i ett företag där de anställda tvingas arbeta på distans sedan våren 2020. I studien har vi undersökt hur de anställdas work-life balance upplevs i det tvingande distansarbetet, som uppstått på grund av Covid-19. Hittills är det oklart om distansarbete underlättar eller snarare komplicerar kombinationen av arbete och hem. Distansarbete kan bidra till positiva effekter som flexibilitet och självstyre men de kan även medföra negativa aspekter som stress och obalans i livet. Tillsammans med informationen från empirin som kommer från semistrukturerade intervjuer där sex personer medverkat samt tidigare forskning har vi analyserat och sett över hur det tvingade distansarbetet påverkar denna organisations work-life balance. Studiens resultat visar på att medarbetarna arbetar längre arbetsdagar, gränsen mellan arbetsliv och privatliv har suddats ut och den sociala kontakten med kollegor har minskat. Vår slutsats från studien är att de anställda upplever en sämre balans mellan privatliv och arbetsliv när de arbetar på distans.Since December 2019, a new virus has spread around the world, the disease caused by the virus has been named Covid-19 and the effects of the virus have been dramatic for organizations and employees around the world. Due to the new virus, a lot of organizations have been forced to change to try to prevent further spread, which has led to compulsory teleworking. We have therefore chosen to conduct a qualitative study in a company where employees are forced to work at home since the spring of 2020. In the study, we examined how the employees' work-life balance is experienced in the mandatory telework, which has arisen due to Covid-19. So far, it is unclear whether teleworking facilitates or rather complicates the combination of work and home. Teleworking can contribute to positive effects such as flexibility and self-control, but they can also lead to negative aspects such as stress and imbalance in life. Together with the information from the empirical data that comes from semi-structured interviews in which six people participated and previous research, we have analyzed and reviewed how the forced telework affects this organization's work-life balance. The results of our study shows that employees work longer working days, the boundary between work and private life has been blurred and social contact with colleagues has decreased since they started working from home. Our conclusion from the study is that employees experience a poorer balance between private life and working life when they work remotely.
30
Van, Niekerk Clive. "Studying history by correspondence : assessment of the work at the Graaff-Reinet College for Continued Education." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001435.
Анотація:
The aim of this study was to carry out an investigation of history as a correspondence subject for practising teachers and to make an assessment of work at the Graaff- Reinet College for Continued Training. The problems experienced by lecturers and students involved with the study of history at this institution receive particular attention. At intervals throughout the study attention is given to the need for further training for teachers who are in- service. Teacher qualifications in the Cape Province are also examined to see potential needs for further training in the future. Having determined a need, it is proposed that correspondence courses are best suited to cater for it. A study is made of the models, background and approaches used by other institutions in various parts of the world. Distance education started in England at the end of the eighteenth century. This idea has spread to various countries and today teaching and learning by correspondence takes place in most countries of the world. It is different to conventional classroom education and thus has certain unique characteristics. The definition, characteristics, background and methodology are important if the problems involved are to be understood. These aspects indicate how effective and popular this form of study has become. Particular attention is given to the teaching of in-service teachers who are upgrading their qualifications. The existing and proposed College history syllabi are examined in as far as their appropriateness and relevance are concerned. Emphasis is given to history at Graaff- Reinet College because the author is a history lecturer at this institution. An extended questionnaire was designed and used to collect the required data on the subjects who were from two groups of students studying history at the College, one in 1986 and one in 1987. A pilot study was done in 1986 and a more extended questionnaire was completed by the 1987 students. In chapter six the results of the questionnaire are analysed and particular attention is given to the students' background, motivation for studying and difficulties they encounter. Finally, recommendations are made about how this form of teacher upgrading can be improved and extended in the future
31
Li, Feng Edward Education Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences UNSW. "A cross-cultural study of Australian and Chinese university academics?? work motivation." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Education, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/42794.
Анотація:
This study examined university academics?? valence for teaching and research, and the relationships between the valence and self-efficacy for teaching and research, with an Australian and a Chinese sample. In addition, the study also investigated modelling of research activity and Chinese university academics?? attributions, experience of western research activities, and ingroup and outgroup relationships between models and observers. Design and conduct of the research was guided by a theoretical framework. Several hypotheses were generated and tested, and research questions were answered. Quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews were used in this study. The quantitative analysis comprised exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis, and content analysis was used for free responses in the surveys and the interview data from the sample of Chinese academics. Within the context of the research, the results suggested that valence for academic work may be related to university academics?? cultural orientation and their self-efficacy for academic work. The study also suggested that observing modelling by others may have been related to the Chinese university academics?? self-efficacy for research. Effects of modelling and the Chinese academics?? attributions for models?? success in research appeared to be moderated by ingroup and outgroup relationships between the models and observers. Moreover, overseas experience was found to be the most important external attribution for Chinese models?? success in research.
32
Östlund, Berit. "Vuxnas lärande på nätet : Betingelser för distansstudier och interaktivt lärande ur ett studentperspektiv." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Barn- och ungdomspedagogik, specialpedagogik och vägledning, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1813.
Анотація:
This thesis is a part of a project, “Interactive Learning in Distance Education”, funded by The Swedish Research Council. The overall purpose was, from adult distance learners’ perspective, to describe, analyse and understand factors influencing studies and interactive learning in asynchronous computer-mediated learning environments. Da¬ta were collected in 2003; from 62 students (56 women and six men) attending an undergraduate and a supplementary distance cour¬se within the teacher training program. The study was based on questionnaires, diaries, portfolios, interviews and transcriptions of students’ postings to the computer conferences FirstClass and Web¬Board, respectively. The courses included campus meetings and individual studies accompanied by study guides containing reading instructions, timetables and individual as well as group-related assign¬ments. Asynchronous text-based, computer-mediated commu¬nication (CMC) was used for dialogue among the participants. The results indicate that difficulties to combine studies with commitments in the students’ everyday lives and lack of familiarity with higher education and computer mediated distance education constituted learning obstacles. Almost everyone emphasised the importance of communicaion with peer students for feeling satisfied in the study and learning situation. They appreciated the asynchronous text-based CMC because it increased the flexibility of the studies. The students´ online behaviour and statements also indicate feelings of social presence and solidarity with peer learners, despite using a medium with relatively low capacity to convey social cues. Female and male students described similar difficulties of combining family, work and study. Women sho¬wed lower self-esteem in terms of computer skills and coping with their studies. They highlighted the social importance of the studygroup to a higher extent than the men did. The ideal course design in terms of structure, dialogue and autonomy altered depending on students´ perceptions of benefits. They wanted flexibility and autonomy to be able to combine the studies with commitments in their everyday life, at the same time they appreciated elements of structure and governance in situations when these involved saving of time. The communication in the computer conferences was extensive but the analysis of the learners’ contributions provides little evidence of effective collaborative learning activities. Several reasons to this were discussed, e.g. students´ lack of time and knowledge to form functioning learning communities, as well as insufficient course design to promote and support collaborative distance learning. It was concluded that there is a gap between teachers' ambitions to create an interactive learning environment on the one hand, and students´ skills, attitudes to collaboration and need to share their time between studies and other commitments on the other. Also, teachers´ ambitions to develop distance education aiming at collaboration and interactive learning are often hampered by their limited skills and time frames to design and implement such courses.Interactive Learning in Distance Education
33
Mebrahtu, Fanuel, and Joseph Hanosh. "Ledarskap och kommunikation på distans : En studie inom bemanningsbranschen." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-325125.
Анотація:
This paper examines how distance work can be done in the staffing industry. The study concentrates mostly on communication between the supervisor and his employees working somewhere else, and also how the geographical distance can affect the working relationship between them. The study is conducted through a case study in a form of inductive perspective. We collected our empirical data through semi structured interviews and then analyzed it by using literature and theories about leadership, communication and commitment. The survey showed that technological communication channels such as text messaging, telephone calls and e-mail are the options an organization in the staffing industry has when communicating. Our study showed that there are weaknesses regarding the communication between leaders and consultants. Misunderstanding is a factor that keeps appearing. The study also showed that lack of personal meetings affected the working relationship between the supervisor and the consultant negativley.Användningen av kommunikativa medel på nätet ökar tvåsiffrigt varje år. Men har de stora framstegen inom IT vid sekelskiftet orsakat mer skada än nytta? Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka hur en ledare och konsult inom ett bemannings- och rekryteringsföretag kommunicerar med varandra, när det finns ett geografiskt avstånd mellan individerna. Utöver kommunikationen som sker på distans är syftet även att undersöka hur de olika parterna (ledare och konsult) upplever arbetsrelationen mellan dem. Vår utgångspunkt utgår från både ledarens och konsultens perspektiv. Vår teoretiska referensram utgår från tre centrala teman; kommunikation, engagemang och arbetsrelation. Undersökningen är kvalitativ och genomförs via en fallstudie. Utgångspunkten för uppsatsens upplägg är från ett induktivt perspektiv. Vi valde att genomföra semistrukturerade intervjuer, för att ge utrymme för följdfrågor och anpassa våra frågor till respondenternas svar. Litteratur om ledarskap, distans, kommunikation, engagemang och arbetsrelationer sätter grunden för uppsatsens struktur.Empirin i vår uppsats gav oss en insikt i hur en ledare i ett bemannings- och rekryteringsföretag går tillväga när de kommunicerar med konsulter, vilka kommunikationskanaler som helst föredras och vad det är som engagerar konsulterna på arbetsplatsen. Empirin presenterar även en förståelse över hur arbetsrelationen upplevs mellan ledare och konsult.Vår slutsats är att teknologiska kommunikationskanaler som textmeddelanden, telefonsamtal och e-mail är de alternativen en organisation kan använda sig av när de anställda ska kommunicera med varandra på distans. Vår studie visade att det finns brister vad gäller kommunikationen mellan ledare och konsult. Detta eftersom att kommunikationen sker virtuellt via olika kommunikationskanaler, vilket resulterade till att det uppstår missförstånd. Studien visade även att bristande kommunikation och brist på personliga träffar påverkar arbetsrelationen mellan ledare och konsult negativt.
34
Kokutensa, Angelica. "Stress and coping strategies among distance working employees during covid-19 : 1. What kind of stressors are perceived among distance working employees associated with their work situation during the covid-19 crisis?2. How do employees cope with stress associated with their work situation during the covid-19 crisis?" Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-55973.
Анотація:
This study was conducted in order to understand stressful situations and stress coping strategies among employees who were working from home during the covid-19 pandemic. In attempt to bridge this knowledge gap, a critical incident approach was employed. Twelve (12) participants who were working from home were obtained purposively to participate in this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted through zoom to collect data. Critical Incident Technique was used during interviews and thematic analysis were used to analyse data. The study revealed stressors which are lack of enough resources, extra work, lack of autonomy, work future uncertainty, stress due to covid-19, lack of help when needed, difficulties to reach colleagues, job inefficient and presence of telework unsuitable jobs. Coping strategies revealed were positive mindset, seeking social support, physical exercises, self-efforts to find solution of telework challenges, working extra hours and not answering calls or emails on purpose. It was recommended that organizations should determine suitable jobs for telework, providing required resources, granting employees working autonomy, as well as establishing a channel which can be used as a means of communication among employees as well as to be used as an inspiration and encouragement channel through proving motivational adds to help employees to relive their stressful situations.
35
Lindgren, Pernilla. "Språkets väg till delaktighet och distans i socialt arbete." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Centrum för praktisk kunskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41147.
Анотація:
Denna vetenskapliga essä, som utgår från det personliga med två inledande gestaltningar, undersöker språket i socialt arbete och vilken betydelse ett enkelt och begripligt språk har för klienters delaktighet. Essän undersöker faktorer som kan försvåra för socialarbetaren att vara enkel i sitt språk. Användandet av mallar, kravet på produktion och effektivitet är några faktorer som kan leda till oklokhet i skrivandet som i sin tur leder till oklokhet i pratandet. Det blir inte lättare av att det näst intill enbart är dokumentation som diskuteras, sällan språket. Retorikens betydelse med ethos, logos och pathos har förpassats till historien. Makt, särskilt den dolda, behovet av att kunna distansera sig mot det svåra, viljan att vara objektiv och komplexa möten mellan skrivspråkliga och talspråkliga personer är ytterligare faktorer som kan försvåra det enkla språket. Essän mynnar ut i frågan vart i författarens praktiska kunskap som språket hör hemma. Svaret blir inte bara i hela författarens professionalism utan det som är författarens jag.This scientific essay, based on the personal view with two introductory representations, examines the language of social work and the meaning of simple and understandable language for clients' participation. The essay examines factors that can make it difficult for the social worker to be simple in his or her language. The use of templates, the requirement for production and efficiency are some of the factors that can lead to unwiseness in writing which in turn leads to unwiseness in talking. It does not get any easier because it is almost exclusively documentation that is discussed, rarely the language. The importance of rhetoric with ethos, logos and pathos has been relegated to the history. Power, especially the hidden, the need to be able to distance themselves from the difficult, and the will to be objective and the complex encounter between writing linguists and colloquial linguists are additional factors that can make the simple language more difficult. The essay culminates in the question of where in the author's practical knowledge the language belongs. The answer will be not only in the professionalism of the entire author but in the author's self.
36
Coyle, James E. "Wikis in the college classroom a comparative study of online and face-to-face group collaboration at a private liberal arts university /." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1175518380.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2007.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 2, 2007). Advisor: Drew Tiene. Keywords: wikis, online group collaboration, distance education, read/write web, web 2.0, collaborative writing. Includes survey instrument. Includes bibliographical references (p. 246-260).
37
Möll, Theodor, and Joakim Arnberg. "Communication Over Virus-Induced Distance : A Qualitative Study on the Implications of English Language Teaching During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för lärande, humaniora och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-44593.
Анотація:
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, educators across the world saw a sudden shifttowards conducting their teaching online. As research has revealed that interpersonalcommunication is among the most impacted areas of education, this study aims to investigatehow English language teachers in Sweden have adapted their methods and utilized thetechnologies they have been reliant on to conduct their teaching remotely to facilitate interstudent and student-teacher communication. Data was gathered by interviewing practicingteachers and observing English language lessons, and subsequently analyzed to describe theteacher experience as well as to identify how their methods had been adapted as a result ofthe shift to synchronous online teaching. As for the latter, the PICRAT model was utilized toidentify the types of technology implementation. The findings of this study suggest that theinterviewed teachers were not given sufficient organizational support, leading to theirimplementation of technology being inadequate for facilitating interpersonal communication.These findings support those of contemporary research on the topic of the shift tosynchronous online teaching. Finally, this study suggests that increased organizationalsupport in terms of adjustment time, long-term planning, training in technologyimplementation, and continuous evaluation of the same are required to maintain a highquality of English language education when moved online.
38
Billquist, Jessica. "Ledarskap på distans : Förutsättningar, utmaningar och möjligheter." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-42738.
Анотація:
En kvalitativ studie som syftar till att analysera vad som kan skapa bra förutsättningar för ett ledarskap på distans, beskriva vilka utmaningar och möjligheter detta kan medföra och uppmärksamma upplevda skillnader mellan att leda på distans och att leda på plats. Åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes där tidigare forskning om leader-member exchange theory och arbetsrelaterad känsla av sammanhang låg till grund för intervjuguiden. En tematisk analys genomfördes vilken resulterade i fem teman: tydlighet, kommunikation, tillgänglighet, relationer och stöd samt kompetens och effektivitet. De fyra första temana bidrog till att skapa bra förutsättningar för ett ledarskap på distans, utmaningar som framkom var att skapa förutsättningarna. I dessa teman fanns även skillnader mellan typerna av ledarskap. Det femte temat var övergripande och kom att stå för möjligheter med ett ledarskap på distans och anledningar till att det var nödvändigt. Studien visar en komplex bild av ledarskap på distans där alla teman samverkar.
39
Gadelha, Denise. "À curta distância : relações entre imagem fotográfica e seu espaço de apresentação." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/11174.
Анотація:
A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo estabelecer uma reflexão a respeito de parte de minha produção poética intitulada À Curta Distância. A fim de discernir critérios para tal análise parti de uma contextualização desta produção em relação às vivências artísticas que marcaram o início deste projeto, para, a seguir, estabelecer uma articulação com obras de outros artistas – tanto de antecedentes históricos como praticantes contemporâneos. O fio condutor desta investigação será dividido em dois vetores; o primeiro consiste na busca por situar o surgimento de propostas que abordam o contexto de apresentação como conteúdo da obra. A partir de uma breve descrição das conexões históricas deste tema será possível discernir como este é articulado em minha produção artística. O segundo vetor desta pesquisa é referente ao estudo da relação entre a fotografia e as artes visuais, extraindo daí argumentos para proceder uma análise do uso contemporâneo deste meio, hoje em dia tão difundido nas exposições ao redor do planeta. A relação entre o espaço físico de exposição e a fotografia se faz presente em meu trabalho por meio da criação de um paralelismo entre realidade e representação. A fotografia apresentada ao público representa o próprio ambiente em que o espectador se encontra quando está diante da imagem. Assim, com a criação deste artifício, estimula-se a passagem de uma atenção dirigida somente às propriedades formais do objeto artístico para uma apreensão fenomenológica do espaço ao qual a imagem se refere.The present research has as objective to establish a reflection regarding part of my poetical production titled In a Short Distance. In order to discern criteria for such analysis I started off a contextualization of this production in relation to the artistic experiences that had marked the beginning of this project, then, in the sequence, establishing relation with works of other artists - as much of historical antecedents as contemporaries practitioners. The conducting wire of this inquiry will be divided in two vectors; the first one consists of the search for pointing out the sprouting of proposals that approach the presentation context as content of the work of art. From one soon description of the historical connections of this subject will be possible to discern how it is articulated in my artistic production. The second vector of this research is referring to the study of the relation between photograph and the visual arts, extracting from there arguments to proceed an analysis about the contemporary use of this medium, nowadays so spread out in the exhibitions around the world. The relation between the photograph and the physical space of exhibition is present in my work by means of the creation of a parallelism between reality and representation. The photograph presented to the public represents the proper environment where the spectator is when he sees the image. Thus, with the creation of this artifice, is possible to turn an attention only directed to the formal properties of the artistic object into a phenomenological apprehension of the real space.
40
Sveide, Alma, and Emilia Bengtsson. "Att leda på distans – utmaningar och möjligheter : En kvalitativ studie om upplevelser kring distansledarskap inom högskolor." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för handel och företagande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-20188.
Анотація:
Bakgrund: För att begränsa smittspridningen av COVID-19 så har beslut tagits om att undervisning och arbete inom högskolor bör ske på distans. Arbete på distans medför en ökad digitalisering, vilket innebär att ledare måste hitta nya sätt att leda. Hur distansarbetet påverkat lärares ledarskap är däremot ännu okänt, vilket gör området intressant att studera vidare. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka lärarnas upplevelser innan och efter införandet av distansarbete för att på så sätt öka förståelsen kring förändringar som sker inom ledarskapet. Studien syftar dessutom till att utforska de olika möjligheter och utmaningar som uppstått kopplat till ledarskap under distansarbete. Metod: Studien har utgått från en abduktiv ansats där en kvalitativ metod använts. Semistrukturerade intervjuer har använts som insamlingsmetod där fem lärare berättade om sina upplevelser kring distansarbete. Intervjuerna utfördes i form av videosamtal med samtliga respondenter för att ta hänsyn till rekommendationerna om social distansering. Analys: Lärarna har gått från ett coachande ledarskap till distansledarskap. Däremot upplever lärarna att deras ledarskap både innan och efter pandemin har handlat om att stötta studenterna på olika sätt, vilket därför inte förändrat deras sätt att leda. Förändringar sedan distansarbetets införande har däremot påverkat flexibiliteten, kommunikationen samt motivationen, vilket kan skapa både utmaningar och möjligheter för lärarna att stötta studenterna. De största förändringar som skett sedan införandet av distansarbete berörde ämnet kommunikation. Lärarna upplever att den informella kommunikationen minskat med kollegor samt att kommunikationen i stort minskat även med studenterna. Utöver det har kommunikationen försvårats då lärarna inte längre ser studenternas ansiktsuttryck då videoapplikationen Zoom idag används. Däremot såg lärarna Zoom som en möjlighet inför framtiden då lärarna kan välja mellan digitala och fysiska föreläsningar. Att lärarna blivit mer flexibla och öppna för nya idéer och arbetssätt sågs också som något positivt. En utmaning kopplad till motivation är att lärarna i större utsträckning bör motivera studenterna när studierna sker via distans, vilket lärarna inte arbetet med tidigare. Även lärarnas motivation har till viss del minskat sedan den fysiska interaktionen med studenter och andra lärare försvunnit. Däremot har deras motivation även ökat då mer tid idag finns till forskning och andra moment som lärarna ser som motiverande. Slutsats: Lärarnas ledarskap har i stort inte förändrats då distansledarskapet handlar om att “underlätta” och “möjliggöra” vilket liknar det coachande ledarskapet som handlar om att “coacha” och “vägleda”. Däremot har utmaningar och möjligheter inom ledarskapet skapats sedan distansarbetet infördes som gjort det både lättare och svårare att underlätta och möjliggöra för studenterna. Dessa utmaningar och möjligheter har skapats till följd av de nya hjälpmedel och arbetssätt som växt fram sedan distansarbetet infördes.Background: In order to limit the spread of COVID-19, a decision has been made that teaching and work in schools should take place at a distance. Remote work entails increased digitalization, which means that leaders must find new ways to lead. How the distance work has affected teachers' leadership, however, is still unknown, which makes the area interesting to study further. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine teachers' experiences before and after the introduction of distance work in order to increase understanding of changes that take place within leadership. The study also aims to explore the various opportunities and challenges that have arisen in connection with leadership during distance work. Method: The study was based on an abductive approach where a qualitative method was used. Semi-structured interviews have been used as a collection method where five teachers told about their experiences around distance work. The interviews were conducted in the form of video interviews with all respondents to take into account the recommendations on social distancing. Analysis: The teachers feel that their leadership both before and after the pandemic has been about supporting the students in different ways, which has therefore not changed. Changes since the introduction of distance work, on the other hand, have affected flexibility, communication and motivation, which has created both challenges and opportunities for teachers to support students. The biggest changes that have taken place since the introduction of distance work concerned the subject of communication. The teacher’s experience that the informal communication has decreased with colleagues and that the communication has generally decreased with the students as well. In addition, communication has become more difficult as teachers no longer see students' facial expressions when the video application Zoom is used today. However, teachers saw Zoom as an opportunity for the future as teachers can choose between digital and physical lectures. The fact that teachers have become more flexible and open to new ideas and working methods was also seen as something positive. Conclusion: The teachers' leadership has largely not changed as distance leadership is about "facilitating" and "enabling", which is similar to the coaching leadership which is about "coaching" and "guiding". On the other hand, challenges and opportunities in leadership have been created since the distance work was introduced, which has made it both easier and more difficult for students to facilitate and enable. These challenges and opportunities have been created as a result of the new aids and working methods that have emerged since the distance work was introduced.
41
Kodwo, Stephen. "Determinants of International Long-Distance Eldercare: Evidence from Ghanaian Immigrants in the United States." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1813.
Анотація:
Studies of Ghanaians who have immigrated to the United States indicate that both economic and emotional support continue to be provided to non-migrant families in Ghana. However support to “family relatives” has been studied generally, without specifying age. Thus, relationships between immigrants and their elderly relatives, particularly those who may be frail and vulnerable, have not been the focus of previous research. In addition, it is necessary to examine the dynamics that shape attitudes towards elderly people, and which in turn influence eldercare patterns among Ghanaian immigrants. Based on the literature, the researcher identified four factors relevant to international long-distance eldercare: (1) support caregivers receive (or previously received) from elderly relatives, (2) filial obligation towards elderly relatives, (3) perceived vulnerability of the elderly people in Ghana, and (4) vulnerabilities that make immigrants unable to provide eldercare. The main objective of this study was to examine the extent to which these four factors shape the provision of eldercare by Ghanaian immigrants in the United States to their elderly relatives in Ghana. To achieve this objective, a convenience sample of 124 Ghanaian immigrants who resided in a large metropolitan area in the southern United States was surveyed. Study results reveal that the dominant type of eldercare provided was emotional care, but special circumstances in elderly people’s lives, such as serious financial problems may significantly increase their chances of receiving financial support. For caregivers, their levels of income significantly determined the level of financial support provided to their elderly relatives and how often they visited them. It was also found that there are always some siblings left in Ghana to take care of the physical needs of elderly parents in the absence of those who have migrated. Elderly people having multiple migrant adult children or relatives were more likely to receive financial support from multiple sources. Factors contributing to immigrants supporting elders in Ghana included feelings of high obligation toward elderly relatives, readiness to show love and appreciation for elderly relatives, and acceptance of eldercare as a moral obligation for all adult children. Overall, there was evidence to conclude that most immigrants provided care to their elderly relatives and that most were influenced by the social and cultural tenets that underlie elder caregiving in Ghanaian society. Implications of the study for social work research include the importance of further exploration of factors that might result in reduction in the care immigrants provide to their non-migrant elderly relatives, and replication of the current study with the view of explaining the inability of both elderly relatives’ and immigrants’ vulnerabilities to predict level of care. Given the possible psychological distress associated with caregiving and its effect on immigrants’ time and financial resources, social work practitioners need to be sensitive to the financial and emotional aspects of long distance caregiving by providing services to caregivers who may need them. Policy implications include maximizing remittances by reducing transaction cost and using remittance as leverage for financial grants for family investments.
42
Bore, Julia Chelagat. "Distance Education in the Preparation of Special Education Personnel: An Examination of Videoconferencing and Web-based Instruction." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4818/.
Анотація:
This study examined the effectiveness of employing videoconferencing and Web-based instruction in the preparation of special education personnel. Due to the acute shortage of special education personnel, it was anticipated that the use of videoconferencing and online instruction would provide a convenient way for students to attend class without having to travel to the actual location of the educational site. Further, it was believed that this initiative would result in higher student enrollment in special education teacher certification programs, consequently leading to an increase of personnel in the field. Moreover, the increase in personnel would enhance the ability of educational institutions to address the dismal academic, social, and behavioral outcomes of students with disabilities. Information for the study was collected from surveys that investigated how students perceived the use of videoconferencing and web-based instruction in the preparation of special education personnel. Ninety-four graduate students responded to the videoconferencing surveys while 88 responded to the Web-based instruction surveys. Six respondents were randomly selected to participate in face-to-face interviews designed to investigate the effectiveness of both approaches. Findings indicated that videoconferencing and Web-based instruction are convenient ways for students to attend class although videoconferencing sites may not be conveniently located to all learners. Furthermore, the effectiveness of these media depends on several factors: the instructor, the course structure, the learners' learning styles, the quality and quantity of interaction between learners and the instructor, and whether technological problems interfere with the learning process. The study determined that the more structured and organized the course, the more significant the learning outcomes. Also, the maturity level of the students lends itself to accountability toward achieving the desired learning goals. Technological problems and the lack of user-friendly technology lower the effectiveness of videoconferencing and Web-based instruction. Further research will be valuable in improving theories and approaches currently used in the application of videoconferencing and Web-based instruction in the preparation of special education personnel.
43
Florén, Julia, and Aspegren Fanny Berggren. "“Nice to have” eller “Need to have”? : En kvalitativ studie om chefers ledarskap för lärande i en krissituation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413974.
Анотація:
Denna kvalitativa studie syftar till att bidra med kunskap om hur chefer påverkas av rådande krissituation orsakad av Covid-19 och vad det får för konsekvenser för deras ledarskap för lärande. Detta görs genom forskningsfrågorna: “Hur upplever chefer att deras roll påverkas av rådande krissituation?”, “Hur arbetar chefer med samt skapar förutsättningar för lärande i rådande krissituation?” samt “Vilken typ av lärande främjar chefer i rådande krissituation?”. Undersökningen har genomförts genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med sju informanter från olika arbetsplatser och branscher, där samtliga har personalansvar samt ansvar för medarbetares lärande och utveckling. Resultatet har analyserats genom en deduktiv tematisk analys med utgångspunkt i studiens teoretiska ramverk: Två typer av ledarskap för lärande (Wallo, 2008). Resultatet visar att informanternas ledarskap för lärande och rollen som chef framförallt påverkas av distansarbete, förändrade anställningar och oro bland medarbetarna. Gällande aktiviteter delger cheferna att såväl planerade som spontana aktiviteter ställs in, men att framförallt de spontana lärandetillfällena uteblir. För att fortsätta skapa förutsättningar för lärande, menar cheferna att det krävs mer planering än vanligt och att möten är en viktig lärandeinsats för kunskapsdelning, informationsutbyte och uppföljning kring såväl arbetsuppgifter som oroskänslor. Många chefer i vår studie beskriver framförallt information och grundläggande kunskap som avgörande och högt prioriterade i rådande krissituation. Resultatet i vår studie visar även att många ledare alternerar mellan såväl roller som de olika ledarskapsstilarna för lärande.This qualitative study aims to contribute with knowledge about how managers are affected by the current crisis caused by Covid-19 and how it has had consequences for their leadership for learning. This is done through the research questions: "How do managers experience that their role is affected by the current crisis situation?", "How do managers work with and create the conditions for learning in the current crisis situation?" and "What kind of learning do managers promote in the current crisis?". The survey was conducted through semi-structured interviews with seven informants from different workplaces and industries, all of whom have staff responsibility and responsibility for employee learning and development. The result has been analyzed through a deductive thematic analysis based on the study's theoretical framework: Two types of leadership for learning (Wallo, 2008). The result shows that the informants' leadership for learning and their role as manager is mainly affected by distance work, changed employments and concern among the employees. Regarding activities, managers describe that both planned and spontaneous activities are cancelled, especially the spontaneous learning opportunities are absent. In order to continue creating the conditions for learning, the managers believe that more planning is required than usual and that meetings are an important learning activity for knowledge sharing, information exchange and follow-up, regarding both tasks and feelings of concern. Many managers in our study primarily describe information and basic knowledge as crucial and highly prioritized in the current crisis situation. The results in our study also show that many leaders alternate between both roles and different leadership styles for learning.
44
Cagle, John Garland. "Informal Caregivers of Advanced Cancer Patients: The Impact of Geographic Proximity on Social Support and Bereavement Adjustment." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1314.
Анотація:
This research explored the social and psychological needs of caregivers of advanced cancer patients, and their subsequent bereavement adjustment. The study focuses exclusively on informal caregivers who provide assistance to patients receiving hospice care for end-stage cancer. Those individuals living furthest from the dying care recipient, the long distance caregivers, were of particular interest. This study used a prospective design to explore how a caregiver's geographic proximity impacted their social support and bereavement adjustment. A 2 x 3 repeated measures design was used to gather data from caregivers before a patient's death (using a pre-death questionnaire) as well as after the death (by post-death questionnaire). This design allowed for an examination of differences between three groups of caregivers over time: long distance caregivers (who live an hour or more from the care recipient), proximate caregivers (who live less than an hour away) and co-residing caregivers. One hundred and six (N = 106) caregivers were recruited to participate from Covenant Hospice, a large Gulf Coast-based palliative care organization. Validated instruments were used to measure levels of social support and bereavement adjustment. A repeated measures MANCOVA procedure explored the impact of geographic proximity on measures of social support and adjustment. Results did not support the proposed multivariate model. However, quality of dying (as measured by the QOD-Hospice) was identified as an influential between-groups covariate within the model. Further exploration of the QOD-Hospice revealed a negative correlation with levels of emotional grief, and positive correlations with length of stay in hospice, and pre-loss and post-loss levels of social support. Overall results seem to suggest that timely referrals to hospice, improvements in care for the dying, and increased attention to quality of dying, may have a beneficial impact for survivors during bereavement. Furthermore, findings from this study suggest that the quality of a person's final days may play an important role in how the surviving caregivers adjust to the loss. Not only can high quality end-of-life care benefit dying patients, but it may also facilitate bereavement adjustment for those who participated in their care network. However, findings were limited and further investigation of these relationships is warranted.
45
Bracco, Haulet Manuella. "Pratiques de la communication médiée à distance et en co-présence dans le cadre du travail collaboratif." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAL015.
Анотація:
Cette thèse a pour objectif de comprendre l’articulation des TIC dans l’activité communicationnelle des organisations. Ce qui nous intéresse, est d’analyser comment l’usage des objets mettent en relation, en tension les acteurs dans l’action collective. L’objectif étant d’analyser comment le travail de coopération se construit à travers l’usage des TIC. Il s’agira de saisir les règles et les mécanismes de l’ordre social dans les actes de communication médiée par ordinateur et de cerner la manière dont l’usager négocie ses interactions dans les relations d’interdépendance que suppose le travail collectif.Notre problématique est de comprendre comment le salarié s’approprie les technologies pour communiquer ? Comment il négocie dans ses interactions au sein de micros-réseaux ? Quels sont les rôles qu’il s’attribue dans la théâtralisation de lui-même ?Notre travail de recherche s’inscrit dans le champ de la communication des organisations et plus précisément dans l’étude des approches communicationnelles de la communication médiée par ordinateur au sein des organisations.Ce qui nous intéresse dans notre étude est de saisir, l’articulation entre TIC et travail coopératif, c’est-à-dire de comprendre comment les salariés ajustent leurs usages des technologies pour reconstruire des systèmes de coopération à partir des outils mis à leur dispositionThis thesis has for objective to understand the joints of information and communication technologies in the communication activity organizations. What interests us, is to analyze how the use of objects put in relation, in tension, the actors in the collective action. The objective being to analyze how the work of cooperation builds itself through the use information and communication technology. It will be a question of seizing rules and mechanisms of the social order in the acts of communication mediatized by computer and of encircling well the way the user negotiates his interactions in the relations of interdependence which supposes the collective work.Our problem is to understand how the employee appropriates information and communication technologies? How he negotiates in his interactions within microcomputing- networks? What are the roles that he appropriates in the dramatization of himself?Our research work joins in the field of the communication of organizations and more exactly in the study of the communication approaches of the communication mediatized by computer within organizations.What interests us in our study is to seize, the joint between information and communication technologies and cooperative Work, that is to understand how the employees adjust their practices information and communication technologies to reconstruct systems of cooperation from tools arrangement
46
Bergström, Karl, and Robert Boklund. "Kommunikation och tillit i virtuella team : En kvalitativ studie om medarbetares och ledares upplevelser av att arbeta inom virtuella team." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Pedagogik och sociologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-158665.
Анотація:
Syftet med uppsatsen är att bidra med kunskap om virtuella team, genom att undersöka medarbetares och ledares upplevelser av att arbeta inom sådana team. Uppsatsens resultat förväntas kunna bidra till en ökad kunskap om virtuella team som verkar inom samma tidszon samt hur tillit och kommunikation förhåller sig inom virtuella team. Uppsatsen innefattar nio semistrukturerade intervjuer som genomförts med både ledare och medarbetare för att besvara frågeställningarna och genom det uppnå syftet. Att skapa en stark tillit mellan individerna i ett virtuellt team är det som anses svårast. Resultatet visade dock att virtuella team i dagens arbetsmiljö inte har samma problematik som de tidigare haft. Slutsatsen som drogs var att under premissen att virtuella team arbetar inom samma tidszon så påverkas arbetet inte i någon större utsträckning.The aim of the study is to contribute with knowledge about virtual teams by investigating co-workers and leaders’ perception of working in such teams. Nine semi-structured interviews with co-workers and leaders were made in this qualitative case study. In line with previous studies, the result reveals that creating trust is considered the most difficult for the individuals within virtual teams. Virtual teams in today's working environment do not have the same problems as they used to have. It was concluded that if virtual teams work within the same time zone, the work is not affected to a great extent.
47
Ramirez, Punchin Eddy Hills, and Aragón Oscar Raúl Chuquillanqui. "El Teletrabajo en el Perú: Comentarios al Nuevo Marco Normativo." Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118407.
Анотація:
This article analyzes the regulatory framework of teleworking. In that sense, we approach different definitions to finally establish the definition and formalities required according to our legislation. We will reflect about the problems that telework pretends to solve, so we can establish then if we have the minimum standards that allows the use according to our labor rights or whether there is a poor regulation in relation to safety and health at work and labor inspections, for that reason we propose some alternatives solutions for above mentioned deficiencies.El presente artículo analiza el marco normativo del teletrabajo. En ese sentido, abordamos diversas definiciones en esa materia hasta establecer la definición y formalidades exigidas en base a nuestra legislación. Reflexionaremos respecto a la problemática que el teletrabajo pretende solucionar y así establecer si contamos con normas mínimas que permitan una utilización conforme a nuestros derechos laborales o si estamos ante una regulación deficiente en lo relacionado a la seguridad y salud en el trabajo y la inspección laboral, motivo por el cual proponemos algunas alternativas de solución frente a las deficiencias comentadas.
48
Back, Marie. "Om du lyssnar på mig kanske jag lär mig något! : En essä om relationers betydelse för barnets lärande på förskolan." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-9096.
Анотація:
The purpose of this essay is to explore how educators are supposed to prioritize their work at the preschool so that all children are listened to and the conditions necessary for kids to dare to express their feelings and thoughts are in place. How is the relationship important for the child's learning? How do I become a committed educator who knows how to interpret and prioritize my work so it benefits children's learning? I am developing these questions in two parts in my following text. Firstly I am writing about why it is important that we who work as pedagogues meet the child on the child’s own terms. In this part I am discussing security, closeness and distance between child and pedagogue and what that relationship might mean for child development. Then I turn to how to prioritize in order to be the best pedagogue for the benefit of the child's learning. My method is to reflect and question the knowledge I acquired during my work at the preschool. Together with various theories such as related theory, relationship skills and philosopher John Dewey, I have tried to have a discussion. In the text, I use two events from my work that illustrates the problem. With these as a foundation, I am discussing various opposed concept pairs such as control – initiative and their importance to be able to explore my problem of how to interpret the curriculum and prioritize my work. I have come to the conclusion that if we are to meet all people in a democratic and equal way, we ourselves need to some extent adapt to the one we face. The quality of the meeting between teacher and child affects whether the child will dare to express its thoughts and feelings. When teachers assume the child's thoughts and development, we can easily see the curriculum and the child's learning in a holistic perspective. The child finds it easier to learn new things when we as teachers assume the child's own thoughts. The relationship between child and teacher is important for the child's learning. In order to be capable of meeting these goals teachers are required to have an emotional maturity and development and the need to develop throughout life. We educators need to be better able to discuss and raise issues about how we handle our own emotions at work and what skills we need to be able to achieve these objectives. It can help us become a "bubbly enthusiast" who likes to work as a preschool teacher's, and finds the work developing and fun.Syftet med den här essän är att undersöka hur pedagoger ska prioritera sitt arbete på förskolan så att alla barn blir lyssnade på och vilka förutsättningar som krävs för att barnen ska våga uttrycka sina känslor och tankar. På vilket sätt är relationen betydelsefull för barnets lärande? Hur ska jag bli en engagerad pedagog som vet hur jag ska tolka och prioritera i mitt arbeta så det gynnar barnens lärande maximalt? Jag utvecklar dessa frågor i två delar i min text. Först, skriver jag om varför det är viktigt att vi pedagoger möter barnet på sina egna villkor. I den delen, diskuterar jag tryggheten, närheten och distansen mellan barnet och pedagogen och vad den relationen kan betyda för barnets utveckling. Sedan tar jag upp hur jag ska prioritera för att kunna vara den bästa pedagogen för att gynna barnets lärande. Min metod är att reflektera och ifrågasätta den kunskap som jag tillägnat mig i mitt arbete på förskolan. Tillsammans med olika teorier som t.ex. anknytningsteorin, relationskompetens och filosofen John Dewey har jag försökt föra en diskussion. I texten använder jag mig av två händelser från mitt arbete som belyser problematiken. Jag utgår utifrån dem och diskuterar olika begrepps motsatspar som t.ex. kontroll – initiativ och dess betydelse för att kunna utforska mitt problem hur jag ska tolka läroplanen och prioritera i mitt arbete. Jag har kommit fram till att om vi ska kunna möta alla människor på ett demokratiskt och likvärdigt sätt behöver vi själva till viss del anpassa oss till den vi möter. Mötets kvalitet mellan pedagogen och barnet påverkar om barnet ska våga uttrycka sina tankar och känslor. När vi pedagoger utgår från barnets tankar och utveckling kan vi lättare se läroplanen och barnets lärande i ett helhetsperspektiv. Barnet har lättare att lära sig nya saker när vi som pedagoger utgår från barnets egna tankar . Relationen mellan barnet och pedagogen är viktig för barnets lärande. För att klara att uppfylla målen behöver vi pedagoger ha en känslomässig mognad och utveckling och den behöver utvecklas under hela livet. Vi pedagoger behöver bli bättre på att diskutera och lyfta problem som handlar om hur vi hanterar våra egna känslor i arbetet och vad vi behöver för kompetens för att kunna uppnå målen. Det kan hjälpa oss att bli en ”sprudlande eldsjäl” som tycker att arbetet som förskollärare är utvecklande och roligt.
49
Huusko, Anna, and Sanna Smidvik. "Påtvingat flexibelt arbete : En kvalitativ studie om gymnasielärares distansarbete under Coronakrisen." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414787.
Анотація:
Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att bidra med kunskaper om gymnasielärares subjektiva upplevelser av omställningen till distansarbete, i och med Coronakrisen, samt bringa kunskaper om omställningens påverkan på arbetslivsbalansen samt välbefinnandet. För att möjliggöra besvarande av studiens forskningsfrågor valde vi intervju som datainsamlingsmetod. Sju gymnasielärare med olika undervisningsämnen, olika kön och olika åldrar som arbetar på fyra olika gymnasieskolor i Sverige valde att delta i studien. De semistrukturerade intervjuerna tillhandahöll oss kunskaper om gymnasielärarnas upplevelser av omställningen till distansarbete samt hur det påverkar gymnasielärarnas arbetslivsbalans och välbefinnande. Det empiriska materialet som först analyserades med hjälp av en tematisk analysmetod analyserades sedan mot bakgrund av JD-R-modellen (Bakker & Demeroutis, 2017) samt Gränsteori (Clark, 2000). Resultaten visade på att de förändrade kraven vid distansundervisning upplevdes som både utmanande och hindrande. Vissa ansåg att omställningen fört med sig fördelar såsom en ökad kontroll och förbättrat välbefinnande medan andra upplevde att det fört med sig negativa aspekter gällande dess motivation och arbetsglädje. Gemensamt var upplevelsen av avsaknad av socialt stöd samt avsaknad av feedback från eleverna. Vidare, visade resultatet på att gränsdragning mellan arbetsliv och privatliv, anses av respondenterna, som mer eller mindre relevant. Resultatet visade förekomsten av en del konkreta strategier för att skapa balans, om än balansen ansågs uppstå naturligt på grund av familjeförhållanden i privatlivet såsom barn som kräver full uppmärksamhet. I syfte att utöka sina resurser samt öka arbetsglädjen och välbefinnandet använde sig många respondenter av så kallat job crafting, genom att omforma sitt arbete. En framgångsfaktor för ökat välbefinnande visade sig vara en balans mellan krav och resurser.The aim of this qualitative study is to contribute with knowledge of high school teachers' subjective experiences of the transition to distance work, during the Corona crisis, and to bring knowledge about the impact of the transition on the teachers’ work-life balance and well-being. To enable answering the study's research questions, we chose interviews as data collection method. Seven high school teachers with different subjects, different sexes, and different ages who work at four different high schools in Sweden chose to participate in the study. The semi-structured interviews provided us with knowledge about the experiences of high school teachers regarding the transition to distance work and how it affects their work- life balance and well-being. The empirical material was analyzed using a thematic method of analysis and then analyzed in the light of the JD-R model (Bakker & Demeroutis, 2017) and Boundary Theory (Clark, 2000). The results showed that the changed requirements in distance education were perceived as both challenging and hindering. Some considered that the transition resulted in benefits such as increased control and improved well-being, while others felt that it resulted in negative aspects regarding motivation and job satisfaction. One common experience was a lack of social support and a lack of feedback from the students. Furthermore, the results regarding the boundary between work and private life, are considered by the respondents as more or less relevant. The result showed the existence of some concrete strategies for creating balance, although the balance was considered to occur naturally as a result of family relationships in private life, for example children who require full attention. In order to increase their resources as well as increase job satisfaction and well- being, many respondents used so-called job crafting, by reshaping their work. A success factor for increased well-being turned out to be balance between demands and resources.
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Auger, Mariette. "Les usage(r)s de la distance : le pouvoir des accounts dans les métiers de la relation : le cas des éducateurs de foyer." Thesis, Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080023.
Анотація:
En 2002, une loi concernant l'action sociale et médico-sociale a été adoptée avec pour objectif, parmi d'autres, d'exiger une plus grande transparence des éducateurs vis-à-vis de leur public. L'application de cette loi a posé de nombreux problèmes.En 2014, soit douze ans après son adoption, nous avons souhaité enquêter au sein d'un foyer sur les échanges formels des éducateurs et de leurs cadres. Une communication en grande partie confidentielle à laquelle le public de cet établissement - des adolescents - n'a pas accès. Pour mener cette recherche nous avons passé dix-huit mois auprès d'une équipe d'éducateurs dont nous avons ensuite analysé les écrits (agenda, transmissions, rapports) et les conversations (réunions, synthèses). Ces écrits et ces conversations constituent pour chaque membre de l’équipe des appuis non négligeables. Ils leur permettent notamment de s'organiser collectivement. Loin d’être exclusivement avantageuse, il s’avère que cette communication prescrite et médiée, les reliant à leurs collègues et aux cadres du foyer, entrave aussi le travail des éducateurs. Elle les pousse à prendre leurs distances avec les adolescents et à adopter des postures très éloignées des attentes de ces derniers. Elle participe, de surcroît, à instiller une forme de défiance à travers leur maintien dans l’ignorance des discussions et stratégies déployées par devers eux. A l'issue de cette recherche, on comprend que l'opacité des éducateurs vis-à-vis de leur public, mise en cause par la loi 2002-2, loin d'être accidentelle, est au cœur de la définition du métier. Sa levée supposerait de libérer les éducateurs de leurs propres entraves, de repenser en un sens l’activitéIn 2002, a law on social and medico-social action was adopted with the aim, among others, of requiring greater transparency of educators in the face of their public. The application of this law has caused many problems. In 2014, twelve years after its vote, we wanted to investigate in a home the formal exchanges of educators and their managers. A largely confidential communication to which the public of this establishment: adolescents, does not have access. To conduct this research, we spent eighteen months with a team of educators of whom we analyzed writings (diaries, transmissions, reports) and conversation (meetings, summaries). The agenda, the transmissions, the meetings, the summaries and the reports constitute support, not negligible, for these last ones. They allow them to organize themselves collectively. Nevertheless, educators are similarly hindered on a daily basis by this prescribed communication and mediated which links them to their colleagues and to the executives of the home. It pushes them to distance themselves from adolescents and to adopt postures far removed from their expectations and demands. It thus participates in poisoning their relations with them who are kept in the dark about what their educators are doing and working with them.We understand at the end of this research that the lack of transparency of educators against their public, questioned by the law 2002-2, is far from accidental. This opacity is at the heart of the activity, the lifting requires releasing the educators from their own hindrances, to reinvent the profession