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Journal articles on the topic '文明論述'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Mueller, Charles. "A Comparison of Introductions in Japanese-Authored Japanese Articles, Japanese-Authored English Articles, and Articles by English Native Speakers." JALT Journal 39, no. 1 (2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltjj39.1-2.

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According to Swales’s (2004) analysis of research articles (RAs), introductions generally involve three “moves,” with Move 1 (M1) establishing a research territory, Move 2 (M2) identifying a gap in existing research, and Move 3 (M3) discussing how the current research addresses this gap. Some cross-linguistic studies have suggested that Asian writers organize introductions differently from English writers, with less use of M2, less employment of direct criticism of previous research, and more cycling of moves. The current study examined 75 applied linguistics RAs written during the last decade
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Teng (滕暢), Chang. "The Original Character of tan3 in Southern Min (閩南語 tan3（投擲；丟棄）本字考)". Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 10, № 1 (2017): 75–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405478x-01001005.

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In this paper, we find the original character of ‘tan3’ which means throwing or casting off in Southern Min. In the first section, we review the ways of the traditional writing characters in Southern Min and then we put forward our argument. In section 2, we list the possible cognates in Leizhou Min, Hakka, Cantonese, Xiang, Gan, Wu, Jin and Chinese Mandarin. We explain the reason from the aspect of sound correspondence and sound change for the above possible cognates and find the meaning ‘hit’ of it. In section 3, we present a detailed analysis of the potential original character and cite a l
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スティーブ・C・ヘイズ, Hayes. "事例研究によるACTモデルの検討". Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy 11, № 4 (2016): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.14713/pcsp.v11i4.1938.

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<p>ACTは，行動療法や認知療法の機能的で文脈的な一形態である。それは，構成主義やナラティブ・セラピーといった他の文脈的なアプローチと共通点を持つが，その科学的な目的は異なっている。このような違いがあるため，ACTは，基本的な原則を持つ操作可能なプロセスを指向する。本論評では，これらの特徴を説明し，対象となる論文と関連づける。この種の事例研究の主要な価値が，いかに，モデルと治療的決定とのつながりや，変容プロセスと成果についての集約的なやり方での検討にあるかを論じる。これは，事例研究の活用とACTについての実証的調査における時系列デザインをいくらか作り直し，エビデンス・ベースド・モデルの適用における文化的要因についての調査に対して特別な機会を提供する。最後に，ACTがいかに日本における臨床的作業の流れのいくつかをまとめるのに役立つかを述べる。</p>
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Oshima, Sachi. "Effects of Explicit Instruction on Text Structure in Process Writing." JALT Postconference Publication 2019, no. 1 (2020): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltpcp2019-50.

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This study investigates the effectiveness of explicit instruction on text structure in the development of Japanese EFL college students’ English writing skills by examining two research questions: (1) How does students’ writing change after being given lessons on explicit instruction and process writing?; and (2) How do students’ perceptions of English writing change due to process writing and explicit instruction on text structure? Two groups of students were given four lessons on process writing and explicit instruction. While one group of advanced-level students wrote an argumentative essay
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FAN, Ruiping. "導論: 生命倫理與文化自覺". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 12, № 2 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.121559.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese生命倫理學同文化的關係是一個複雜的問題。顯然，文化有不同的定義，人們有不同的理解；每一種文化都通過具體的語言、藝術、物品和技術來表達、傳達、發展和轉化。然而，人們有理由相信，文化的核心其實是人們所持的信念、態度和習俗的總和；正是這些不同的觀念及其實踐，把世界上的人群分屬為不同的文化，諸如基督教文化、自由主義文化、儒家文化，等等。儘管文化也可以粗略分為較大的文化（如“中華文化”）、或者細分為較小的文化（如“儒家文化”），但其負載一套價值觀念以及體現在一定的實踐活動中的本質，則是相同的。由此說來，每位學者都不免帶有雙重身份。一重是學術身份，由所研究的對象來決定，如自然科學家，社會科學家，人文學家，等等。在這種意義上，研究生命倫理學的學者當然是生命倫理學家（我這裡所說的“家”並非專指“大學者”而言）。另一重則是文化身份，由學者所持的價值觀念來決定：如基督教學者、世俗的自由主義學者、儒家學者，等等。相對而言，自然科學家的學術身份與文化身份較易分開。例如，我們讀一篇分子生物學論文，大概無法（也沒有必要）察覺作者的基督徒身份。但就生命倫理學研究而言，學者的兩重身份則是很難分得清楚的，因為生命倫理學的問題本身以及對於它們的分析、判斷和解決方案，都負荷著明顯的價值觀念。想要撇開自己的價值觀念來論述一套生命倫理，大概只會
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CLAYTON, Ellen Wright. "對兒童進行遺傳檢測". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 2, № 4 (1999): 147–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.21386.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese在這篇文章中，作者主要論述了在給兒童作遺傳檢測問題上，父母與醫生誰更有決定榷。她認為，父母應該更有理由判定遺傳檢測對於他們的孩子是否有好處。而且他們在作選擇時，可以適當考慮其利益（除了孩子利益之外）。然而，醫生認為，遺傳檢測會對孩子為生極危險時，他們可以拒絕執行父母對於該孩子進行檢測的要求。對於一系列案例的討論將說明在此問題上如何平衡父母與醫生對此問題的控制。對父母要求檢測攜帶者的狀況和對遲發疾病的遺傳傾向，通常有理由加以拒絕。作者通過討論為甚麼隨著孩子年齡的增長而逐漸遵從他們的意見是適當的這一問題而對她的分析做出了總結。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 20 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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Wardani, Made Kusuma, Gede Satya Hermawan, and Ni Nengah Suartini. "ANALISIS PENERJEMAHAN LIRIK LAGU SEPATU ~KUTSU~." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang Undiksha 4, no. 2 (2019): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jpbj.v4i2.13602.

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Penelitian ini membahas analisis penerjemahan dan makna penerjemahan lirik lagu bahasa Indonesia (BI) “Sepatu” menjadi 『セパトゥ～くつ～』(Sepatu ~Kutsu~) dalam bahasa Jepang (BJ). Bertujuan untuk (1) mengidentifikasi teknik penerjemahan secara leksikal serta (2) menganalisis makna penerjemahan lirik lagu versi BJ. Metode penelitian ini yaitu teori penerjemahan, teori teknik penerjemahan dan makna penerjemahan. Metode pengumpulan data dengan studi pustaka dan teknik catat. Hasil yang ditemukan yaitu 3 teknik penerjemahan leksikal dikenal dan 1 teknik penerjemahan leksikal tidak dikenal serta makna pene
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Hsu, Hui-chuan. "論漢語方言的 m 聲母增生". International Journal of Chinese Linguistics 4, № 1 (2017): 94–172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijchl.4.1.04hsu.

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抽象 本文探討漢語方言的 m 聲母增生，初步發現音變的條件是零聲母逢韻頭 ü，音變的動機在於元音的固有鼻音性。中古各組聲母或多或少都有方言實證;換言之，聲母一旦歸零，只要逢 ü 便可順理成章增生 m。同時，ü 或留、或銷聲匿跡、或以別的面貌示人，端視個別方言如何因應唇音限制。除了個別轄字的方言材料，諧聲系列的北京話今讀也見證 m-增生的演變歷程。方言對比一目瞭然之外，本文進一步闡述舌根音唇化兼及塞音和鼻音，從規律平行性看，聲母歸零後先增生 ŋ，然後根據韻頭調整發音部位。三個理論貢獻包括：（一）明泥(娘)疑母恐怕只是語音演變的中繼站，（二）非組和見組關係匪淺，（三）效流攝本是合三韻。與其拘泥中古分類，不如正視方言今讀，依循橫向比較的內在邏輯，條分縷析地演繹語音的縱向發展。
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Candra, Raditya Gita, I. Wayan Sadyana, and Ni Nengah Suartini. "ANALISIS PEMBENTUKAN MAKNA IDIOM BAHASA JEPANG YANG TERBENTUK DARI UNSUR ANGGOTA TUBUH BAGIAN HARA." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang Undiksha 5, no. 2 (2019): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jpbj.v5i2.18550.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menjelaskan hubungan antar kata dalam pembentukan idiom hara berdasarkan gaya bahasa, lintas budaya, serta fisiologi tubuh manusia sehingga menghasilkan makna idiomatikal. (2) menjelaskan penempatan yang sesuai dari idiom hara berdasarkan pembentukan idiomnya menurut teori Inoue 1992. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu idiom bahasa Jepang yang terbentuk dari unsur anggota tubuh. Objek dalam penelitian ini yaitu idiom hara. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui metode deskriptif dengan teknik catat yang dianalisis secara deskriptif dalam
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CHAN, Jonathan. "從道家的道德視域看人權與生命倫理". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 6, № 2 (2008): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.61466.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.於 2005 年9 月30 日至10 月2 日期間，在加拿大蒙特利爾(Montréal) 一個討論人權及基本藥物獲取的研討會上，與會者草擬了一份名為〈蒙特利爾獲取基本藥物的人權宣言〉 (以下簡稱〈宣言〉)。該〈宣言〉主要是針對貧窮國家的人民無法獲得基本藥物去治療一些普通的疾病，而備受痛苦煎熬的狀況，並指出“我們有責任去達成一種社會的和國際的秩序，在這種秩序中的人權，包括取得基本藥物的權利，是獲得充分實現的。這項責任必須在制度和政制策劃上確認及體現出來。在個別國家及全球層面上，那些政策、規則和制度必須促使‘取得基本藥物’這一權利得以實現。”本文並不反對為貧國人民爭取合理的待遇，本文所要探討的是〈宣言〉把社會及國際秩序奠基在人權 (包括取得基本藥物的權利) 是否有充分的理論根據這一問題。本文的基本論旨是：人權倘若被理解為一種自由主義式的自然權利，那麼人權就並非人類的共同道德的核心。本文通過泰勒 (Charles Taylor) 稱之為“原子論 ”(Atomism) 的一種社會哲學觀點來說明自由主義式的自然權利的性質，並由此而證成上述論旨。如此一來，〈宣言〉把社會及國際秩序奠基在人權(包括取得基本藥物的權利)是否有充分的理論根據就不無疑問。An inter
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CHAI, David. "Habermas and Zhuangzi against Liberal Eugenics." International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 14, no. 2 (2016): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.141620.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.是否有一種道家的基因增強倫理學？考慮到時間差異，道家思想能容納這樣一種提問嗎？就生命科技的持續進展而言，我們所面臨的存在論威脅是無比真實的。圍繞著自然與人造的爭論曾經牢固地樹立在神學家與哲學家的頭腦之中；然而最近在自由優生學的喧囂中上述爭論已然消失殆盡。這一運動激起了幾位傑出人士的反對，包括哲學家尤爾根．哈貝馬斯。他們反對的立足點就是基因操控抹煞了人性本質與人造物之間的差別。道家原則上贊同這一反對，但卻是出於不同的理由。本文將表明道家可以提供一種存在－宇宙論辯護——如莊子在關於疾病與畸形的故事中所表明的——以加強哈貝馬斯從社會－政治視角出發的對自由優生學的批評。雖然沒有直接提到自由優生學本身，但與哈貝馬斯一樣，這些故事表明人類生命的開端根本說來是超出人類控制的，而改變這一根基就意味著重塑自我與自由的涵義。What would a Daoist ethics of human enhancement look like? Can Daoism even entertain such a question given the temporal disparity? In light of the ongoing advancement of biotec
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Clarke, Stephen, and Chris Hastings. "Creating and Implementing Communicative Tasks According to VanPatten’s Principles." JALT Postconference Publication 2019, no. 1 (2020): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltpcp2019-46.

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In this paper aimed at practitioners, the authors introduce their interpretation of an approach to communicative language teaching proposed by the SLA scholar Bill VanPatten that involves the use of Tasks as key elements in the curriculum. While the notion of task-based learning is not new, VanPatten’s approach differs fundamentally from other conceptions, especially in the way it focuses on a definition of communication and in its rejection of the explicit teaching of grammar. VanPatten (2017) introduces six principles of communicative language teaching which can be used as a framework for de
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葉, 穎思, 志慧 陳, 錦超 何, 國良 曾 та 憲正 孔. "香港協助網絡成癮青少年的工作成效評估". Hong Kong Journal of Social Work 42, № 01n02 (2008): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219246208000090.

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香港基督教服務處樂Teen會自2004年開始，開展了「網開新一面」計劃，協助沉迷網絡的青少年健康使用網絡，並向各界推廣健康使用網絡之訊息。本論文將分享此計劃中「online特攻–網絡成癮者小組」在2006–2007年掌握到網絡成癮青少年的基本統計資料、使用網絡的形態和服務前後的改變的情況。「 online特攻–網絡成癮者小組」的目的爲協助沉迷網絡的中學生及小學生重拾有節制使用電腦的能力。透過小組前後的個別訪談，計劃發現參加者無論在網絡成癮情況和使用電腦時數兩方面，在統計學上都有明顯改善，證明小組有效地改善組員上網成癮的情況。而且參加者在參與本計劃後，他們均表示在個人發展、人際關係、學業成績及家庭關係上也有所改善。文章除了詳述小組的成效外，亦會分享「網開新一面」計劃的主要內容和當中「online特攻–網絡成癮者小組」模式引發的建議。 "Online New Page Project" has been launched by Hong Kong Christian Service since 2004. The aim of this project was to assist young internet addicts to regain control on computer usage and to disseminate the message of healthy com
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Putriani w, Putu Desy, Kadek Eva Krishna Adnyani, and Gede Satya Hermawan. "Analisis Campur Kode Pada Lirik Lagu BABYMETAL." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang Undiksha 5, no. 2 (2019): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jpbj.v5i2.18611.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis campur kode yang diterapkan dalam lirik lagu BabyMetal dengan menganalisis struktur lirik lagu yang mengalami campur kode. Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah empat buah lirik lagu dari grup band BabyMetal yang berjudul Road of Resistance, Awadama Fever, Dokidoki Morning, Ukiuki Midnight. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan instrumen utama berupa kartu data. Teori yang digunakan yaitu teori campur kode menurut Muysken (2000) dengan pendekatan sintaksis. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu ditemuk
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Manuartawan, I. Kadek Agus, Gede Satya Hermawan, and I. Wayan Sadyana. "TINDAK TUTUR KOMISIF DALAM DORAMA KAZOKU GAME." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang Undiksha 5, no. 3 (2019): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jpbj.v5i3.21426.

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Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis dan fungsi tindak tutur komisif dalam dorama Kazoku Game. Objek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah drama Jepang yang berjudul Kazoku Game. Penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif kualitatif dengan instrumen utama menggunakan kartu data. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode simak dengan teknik lanjutan yaitu teknik catat. Dalam menganalisis menggunakan analisis pragmatik untuk mengkaji penggunaan jenis dan fungsi tindak tutur komisif. Teori yang digunakan yaitu teori tindak tutur menurut Searle (1979) sedangkan jenis ti
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Kubokawa, Jared. "Second Language Creative Writing: Learner Development in the Shinhaiku Pedagogy." Nagoya JALT Journal 2, no. 1 (2021): 71–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltchap.nagoya2.1-4.

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This article will address the place of second language creative writing (L2CW) in EFL curricula by first providing an updated understanding of L2CW and the Japanese form shinhaiku—a nontraditional haiku. Shinhaiku differs from traditional haiku in that it does not utilize the 5-7-5 syllable form. Secondly, the article will consider misconceptions as well as pedagogical implications of L2CW and thirdly, offer a classroom approach to L2CW (poetry writing) utilizing Hanauer’s (2012) meaningful literacy framework. The approach was developed from action research and teaching practices, underpinned
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Nkrumah (晴朗), Bright, та Yaoming Huang (黃耀明). "Exploration on the Orignal Meaning of “Temperament” by the Theory of Words’ Value (以詞的價值理論探求“脾氣”之本義)". Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 10, № 1 (2017): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405478x-01001003.

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The original meaning of “temperament” 脾氣 was explained with “the function of spleen” or “the disease of spleen” by the previous scholars is wrong and the explanation of “the Qi 氣 of spleen” is ambiguous. The earliest record about the word of “temperament” 脾氣 comes from the Historical Records 史記, and this book belongs to the language system of the Yellow Emperor’s Canon of Medicine 黃帝內經. By the Theory of Words’ Value, after analyzing the 593 words or phrases of including “Qi” 氣 in the Yellow Emperor’s Canon of Medicine 黃帝內經, the orignal meaning of “Qi” 氣 and “temperament” 脾氣 is inferred. Finall
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Harris, Harry. "Curriculum Negotiation at NHK: Meeting the Needs and Demands of Adult Learners." Language Teacher 34, no. 6 (2010): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jalttlt34.6-3.

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Curriculum negotiation, the act of teacher-student collaboration to determine a syllabus, is a procedure that various researchers have explored and explained. This writer has engaged in this process in NHK Culture Center English classes because of the great variety in the language needs and personal demands of his students and other institution-related conditions. It is argued that this alternative pedagogical practice can successfully allow mature students to create their own curriculum responsibly, making the learning process more meaningful and interesting to them. It is also suggested that
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Inako, Ayumi. "Focus on Field in an Advanced Reading Classroom." JALT2018—Diversity and Inclusion 2018, no. 1 (2019): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltpcp2018-43.

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What can a reading classroom provide for advanced English learners beyond input into grammar and vocabulary? The author proposes a focus on field—the nature of the social action realized in the text—as well as using the scale of semantic gravity—the degree to which the meanings of the text relate to its context. Many reading materials contain multiple fields, which can cause difficulty for students in tracking their content. A case study of a text on the topic of solar storms employs the methodology of Legitimation Code Theory (LCT), whereby an external language for description is created for
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Pearce, Daniel. "Homogenous Representations, Diverse Realities: Assistant Language Teachers at Elementary Schools." Language Teacher - Issue 45.3; May, 2021 45, no. 3 (2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jalttlt45.3-1.

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As of 2020, foreign language as a subject has become compulsory for upper grades in Japanese elementary schools, and MEXT recommends the use of assistant language teachers (ALTs) in foreign language classes. While ALTs represent diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds, MEXT documents for Japanese teachers portray them as homogenous monolingual native speakers of English. To better understand the linguistic repertoires of ALTs, this study investigates the languages ALTs know. The findings suggest that, contrary to MEXT portrayals, most ALTs have ability in at least one language other than E
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CHEN, Cuiting. "《莊子》生死觀對臨終者的生命關懷". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 14, № 1 (2016): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.141607.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.臨終關懷的兩大議題是疼痛和死亡，對於臨終患者來說，死亡的話題有為凸顯，患者在死亡面前普遍表現出濃重的焦慮和恐懼。本文試圖通過追溯《莊子》的生命哲學，從中汲取面對死亡的智慧，揭開死亡的神秘面紗，消解臨終患者對死亡的恐懼。將死亡從繁複的人倫關係中抽離出來，以期還原死亡的本真狀態。本文闡述了莊子自然主義思想對人們面對生死問題的啟發，並進一步論述從“觀化”的角度，消融狹隘的個體本位，才能實現形上生命的自我超越。而明瞭生死一條的道理，將死亡視作一種可能性經驗，則是對生的最為深刻的覺醒。Two major issues in hospice care are pain and death. For those who are facing death and dying, the issues are intensified. This paper discusses the issues relating to death and hospice care in a framework of the Daoist philosophy on life and death, as outlined in the Zhuangzi. The author atte
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WONG, Kai-Yee. "雷切爾斯論安樂死". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 3, № 4 (2001): 57–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.31412.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.發表於1975年的〈主動及被動安樂死〉，雖然已成為醫學倫理學的經典著作，但該文引起的爭議，迄今未息。作者雷切爾斯在文章中攻擊傳統見解裡認為「主動／被動安樂死之區分在道德本有意義」的觀點。他的主要論証方式是對（i）「殺人在道德主跟見死不救有分別」提出質疑。其後，雷切爾斯回應論者對其論証的批評時，更否定（ii）判斷行為的道德對錯時，意圖的好壞是相干的考慮」。〈主動及被動安樂死〉所引發的辯論中，論者的焦點往往是雷切爾斯在該文中提出來的論據。本文則還論及他對批評者的回應，嘗試剖析雷切爾斯後來為自己所作的辯護，從而評價他的整體立場。本文第二節將簡要地說明幾個基本概念。在第三節，筆者透過對有關論爭的交代去說明「意圖」、「主動安樂死」 及「被動安樂死」 三者在雷切爾斯對有關問題的論述中如何互相緊扣。第四節採用雷切爾斯壇用的「相同化例子証明法」 指出他對（i）和（ii）的看法不能同時成立。第五節則通過對「雙重後果原則」的討論去進一步分析雷切爾斯對（ii）的批評。第六節嘗試正面說明我們應怎樣看「意圖好壞」和「殺人／見死不救」的考慮在道德評價活動中的互動關係，並據之而評析雷切爾斯所用的論証方法的根本問題。Twenty-six years on, the debate g
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Ducker, Nathan. "Variety, Volatility, Intensity: Understanding Key Characteristics of Individual Learner Differences." JALT Postconference Publication 2019, no. 1 (2020): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltpcp2019-10.

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Individual Learner Differences (ILDs), such as motivation, anxiety, and willingness to communicate, account for varying rates and extents of successful L2 learning. Traditional quantitative approaches to studying ILDs render constructs to a one-size-fits-all explanation of factors and relationships that affect learning outcomes. A Complex Dynamic Systems Theory approach to studying ILDs rectifies this situation and supports teachers by investigating the interrelated, variable, and situated aspects of ILDs. In this study, students selected ILDs that most impacted their partner’s classroom parti
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Gillis-Furutaka, Amanda. "Making a Lecture Course Student Centered: Steps and Issues." JALT Postconference Publication 2019, no. 1 (2020): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltpcp2019-39.

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The purpose of this paper is to describe the process of changing the delivery style of a teacher-led, English-medium university lecture course (Culture and Literature of English-Speaking Areas) into a student-centered, active-learning course. This process began as a collaborative action research project (Burns, 1999, 2009a). In this paper, the original course and the reasons for making changes are discussed, and then the measures taken to make the course student-centered are presented and examined. These measures include the addition of pre-class activities, such as the viewing of video record
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S Aryawan, I. Made Agustina, Desak Made Sri Mardani, and I. Wayan Sadyana. "PENGUATAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA JEPANG OLEH GURU BAHASA JEPANG SMA NEGERI 1 SUKASADA." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang Undiksha 4, no. 1 (2018): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jpbj.v4i1.13323.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Model-model penguatan yang digunakan oleh guru bahasa Jepang dalam pembelajaran bahasa Jepang di SMA Negeri 1 Sukasada, (2) Penggunaan bahasa Jepang dan kejepangan dalam penguatan oleh guru bahasa Jepang dalam pembelajaran bahasa Jepang di SMA Negeri 1 Sukasada. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru bahasa Jepang di SMA Negeri 1 Sukasada. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) Guru bahasa Jepang dalam pembelajaran
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熊澤, 孝昭. "多肢選択式項目の項目形式が文法テストパフォーマンスに与える影響について - The Effects of Multiple-Choice Item Formats on Grammar Test Performance". JALT Journal 32, № 2 (2010): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltjj32.2-3.

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Item formats are a facet of testing that influences examinees’ test performance. In this study, six types of item formats were adopted, and 55 multiple-choice grammar items were developed and administered to 608 first-year university students for placement and diagnostic purposes. The research questions were: to what extent do items function for placement and diagnostic purposes, to what extent do item formats differ in terms of difficulty, to what extent do item formats contribute to the total score variance, and to what extent is the grammar test reliable. Based on the item analyses, most it
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Kurihara, Yuka. "EFL Teachers’ Learning: Transitional Experiences from an Overseas Teacher Education Program to Japanese School Settings." JALT Journal 35, no. 1 (2013): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltjj35.1-3.

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Drawing on Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory of mind as a conceptual framework, I discuss the nature of L2 teachers’ learning to teach. In particular, I examine how EFL teachers who participated in overseas teacher education programs for professional development and returned to their native countries appropriated the pedagogical resources (hereinafter tools) presented in the programs into their own classroom instruction. EFL teachers’ experiences are complex because their learning involves not only transferring the tools but also negotiating cultural boundaries between the two key contexts. Thre
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WANG, Shuai. "從儒家倫理學到“儒家生命倫理學”的距離". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 9, № 2 (2011): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.91504.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.生命倫理學由於強調平等和尊重的價值而使個體在道德困境中的抉擇顯得尤為重要，同時道德困境本身也要求個體具有一定的道德抉擇能力。就此而言，構建“儒家生命倫理”可能面臨兩個挑戰：從生命倫理學科性質而言，儒家面臨的是關於西方式“個體”概念缺失的問題；另外從個體抉擇方面而言，儒家似乎又面臨著缺乏道德抉擇能力的困境。前者是生命倫理學科的本質要求，後者則似乎是儒學內部的理論困境。二者似乎表明，儒家與生命倫理學科不能相容。面對當下中國令人憂慮的道德現狀，澄清上述問題就顯得必要。本文將通過分析儒家倫理思想來澄清上述兩個挑戰。由於儒家理解世界的方式不同於西方，我們就不能以西方流行的生命倫理學科標準來衡量儒家倫理學說。文章指出，儒家將一般人與儒者區別開來，也並不以要求君子的道德標準來要求一般人。儒家將承擔道義的責任更多的賦予了代表“天命”的儒者，以道在倫常日用之中的實用理性精神為本質特徵，開創了儒家理解道德和解決道德困境的獨特維度。然而，鑒於當代儒家的遭遇，構建“儒家生命倫理”依舊任重道遠。Contemporary bioethics and moral principles often emphasize values such as human dignity, eq
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Nakachi, Kento. "Grammar Learning Strategy Use by English-Major University Students: An Investigation with Grammar Learning Strategy Inventory (GLSI)." Nagoya JALT Journal 2, no. 1 (2021): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltchap.nagoya2.1-3.

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A fruitful discussion on language learning strategies has taken place in the field of second language research. However, little is known about grammar learning strategy (GLS) use (Pawlak, 2013, 2018, 2020). The present study explores GLS utilized by 145 English-major university students with Grammar Learning Strategy Inventory (GLSI), a data-collecting instrument developed by Pawlak (2018, 2020). In addition, the current study examines TOEIC scores extracted from 27 student participants to investigate if there is any correlation between GLS use and TOEIC scores. The descriptive data analysis r
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Yani, Ni Luh Ayu Trisna, I. Wayan Sadyana, and Gede Satya Hermawan. "IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2016 BERBASIS KKNI PADA MATA KULIAH KAIWA CHUJYOKYU DI PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA JEPANG." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang Undiksha 5, no. 3 (2019): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jpbj.v5i3.21390.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi Kurikulum 2016 berbasis KKNI pada mata kuliah kaiwa chujyokyu di Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha. Penelitian ini meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan penilaian dalam pembelajaran. Metode pengumpulan data data yang digunakan adalah metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi kemudian dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah dosen mata kuliah kaiwa chujyokyu di Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha. Adapun hasil penelitian ini y
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Purnaningtyas Widiastuti, Gusti Ayu Dyah, Ni Nengah Suartini, and Kadek Eva Krishna Adnyani. "REPRESENTASI HONNE DAN TATEMAE PADA TOKOH SAKURA DALAM MANGA NARUTO (ANALISIS PRAGMATIK)." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang Undiksha 4, no. 2 (2019): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jpbj.v4i2.14663.

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Penelitian ini menganalisis honne dan tatemae dari representasi budaya honne dan tatemae pada interaksi tokoh Sakura dengan tokoh lain dalam manga "Naruto" serta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penggunaan honne dan tatemae oleh tokoh Sakura. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori representasi dan teori pragmatik. Metode pengumpulan data dengan metode pustaka dan instrumen berupa kartu data. Data yang dikumpulkan kemudian dikelompokkan sesuai rumusan masalah lalu dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil yang ditemukan yaitu representasi honne dan tatemae terlihat pada intera
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LEE, Shu Chen. "再議台灣長期照護政策的性別正義問題與出路". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 7, № 2 (2009): 87–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.71481.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.面對快速高齡化的社會實況，台灣政府於2007年提出“長期照顧十年計劃”作為長期照護政策的依據。但是，該計劃卻未能具體而微地列明關乎性別正義的政策內容，例如：對於照護勞務的提供與分配尚未建立一套合於“性別主流化”要求的體制與實踐。就台灣長期照護政策與其實踐未能彰顯性別正義的現況，本文首先提出台灣社會從政府到家庭以至個體的性別觀點，尚未具備性別正義之充分實踐的因素。本文再進而探討道德與政治之間，為何必須以及應該如何考量性別正義，是合理且可證成的。女性主義者常批判長期照護是對女性的一種不公義的制度。女性主義者中的關懷倫理學家則嘗試以關懷的角度去說明女性之互相倚待性，並以關懷去疏解此中的性別歧視。但關懷倫理學是不能證立家庭在長期照護中的特殊角色和義務。對照於“性別主流化”的時代要求，本文認為孔孟的仁義思想實能就道德規範根源回應政治原則的合理性問題。儒家以家庭為倫理實踐的起點，家庭成員對長期照護有一自然的承擔義務而不必是性別歧視的。為確立本文觀點，進一步論述儒家“各盡其性分”的原則在道德與政治的面向之間，如何能於政策規範之內涵與實踐上回應政府、家庭以及個體合於性別正義的要求，並且有所殊勝於主張關懷倫理的女性主義之論說。Facing the ever incre
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CHIA, Michael. "Explaining the Maximal Intensity Exercise Performance of Young People." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 11, no. 1 (2005): 14–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.111302.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.Explanations for children maximal intensity exercise fitness in the literature fluctuate between the incapacity of young children to generate energy anaerobically and a reduced need for the metabolic pathway. A number of propositions are advanced to explain young children's relative inaptitude in anaerobic performance in comparison with older children and adults. These range from a smaller quantity of active muscle mass to perform the anaerobic task, to the quality of the muscle which may not yet be energetically, chemically or
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Heiderscheit, Annie. "Integrating Music and Imagery in Music Therapy Clinical Practice." Music and Medicine 8, no. 2 (2016): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v8i2.493.

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This article explores the use of music and imagery in the music therapy literature beyond the scope of The Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music (GIM), or solely its use in music and imagery for relaxation. The majority of music therapy literature exploring the use of music and imagery is specific to the Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music and linked to the practice of utilizing music and imagery for relaxation. Through reviewing music therapy literature that identifies how music and imagery are embedded in other music therapy methods, this article will incorporate clinical case illust
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SPARROW, Robert, та Joshua HATHERLEY. "人工智能醫學應用的前景與風險". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 17, № 2 (2019): 79–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.171678.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.人工智能（ＡＩ）將如何促進人類的醫療保健？如果我們擔心人工智能介入醫療的風險，我們又應該關注什麽呢？本文試圖概述此類問題，並對人工智能介入醫療的風險與希望作一個初步評價。人工智能作為一種研究工具和診斷工具具有巨大的潛力，特別是在基因組學和公共衛生領域中。人工智能在醫療中的廣泛使用可能還會對醫療系統的組織方式和商業實踐產生深刻的影響，而這些影響的方式與程度還沒有被充分認識到。在人工智能醫學的熱情擁護者看來，應用人工智能可以幫助醫生集中精力在對他們和病人而言真正重要的問題上。然而，本文將論證這些樂觀的判斷是基於對現代醫療環境下機構和經濟運行規則的一些不合情理的假設之上。本文將聚焦於如下一 些重要議題：大資料中的隱私、監管和偏見，過分信任機器的風險，透明度問題，醫療專業人士的“去技能化”問題，人工智能重塑醫療保健的方式，以及人工智能對醫療保健中權力分配的影響。其中有兩個關鍵的問題尤其值得哲學家和生命倫理學家的進一步關注。第一，當醫生不僅需要處理人而且需要處理資料的時候，醫療實踐會呈現出什麽樣的形態？第二，在醫療決策權衡中，我們應該给予來自機器的意見以多大的權重？What does Artificial Intelligence (AI) have to c
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Runnels, Judith. "FLP SIG: Student ability, self-assessment, and teacher assessment on the CEFR-J’s can-do statements." Language Teacher 37, no. 5 (2013): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jalttlt37.5-1.

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The Common European Framework of Reference-Japan (CEFR-J), like its original counterpart, the CEFR, uses illustrative descriptors (can-do statements) that describe communicative competencies to measure learner proficiency and progress. Language learners are leveled in a CEFR-J category according to achievement on can-do statements gauged by self-assessment, an external rater (such as a teacher), or from external test scores. The CEFR-J, unlike the CEFR, currently lacks widely-available benchmarked performance samples for measuring student language proficiency, leaving administrations or teache
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Dewi, Ni Komang Warsita, Kadek Eva Krishna Adnyani, and Desak Made Sri Mardani. "IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA JEPANG BERBASIS 4C DI SMK NEGERI 1 SINGARAJA." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang Undiksha 5, no. 2 (2019): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jpbj.v5i2.18690.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi pembelajaran bahasa Jepang berbasis 4C di SMK Negeri 1 Singaraja dan kendala-kendala yang dihadapi guru serta cara mengatasi kendala tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru bahasa Jepang SMK Negeri 1 Singaraja. Objek penelitian ini adalah implementasi pembelajaran bahasa Jepang berbasis 4C di SMK Negeri 1 Singaraja. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode observasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu guru bahasa Jepang SMK Negeri 1 Singaraja telah menerapka
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Gibbon, Ben, and Yuya Nakagawa. "Repurposing EFL Professional Development Frameworks for Students-Use; Releasing Responsibility for Learner Self-Reflection, Agency, and Metacognition." Nagoya JALT Journal 2, no. 1 (2021): 15–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltchap.nagoya2.1-2.

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The quantitative case study investigates whether Freeman’s (1989) K.A.S.A teacher framework is effective when adjusted for student use during self-reflection tasks. The potential of this teaching method to improve learner study skills, namely to scaffold learner autonomy, will be considered. This paper offered a framework to 30 students as an autonomous self-assessment task, their answers were analysed using KH Coder 3, a text-mining software, to quantitatively identify clusters of lexemes expressed by participants to determine whether they had cited the framework’s dimensions of knowledge, at
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Zhu, Yun. "“Xiyangjing” li de Zhongguo yu funü: Wenming de xingbie biaozhun he wan Qing nüquan lunshu “西洋鏡”里的中國與婦女——文明的性別標準和晚清女權論述 (China and women in the “Western Mirror”: The gender standards of civilization and the late Qing discourse on women’s rights), written by Song Shaopeng 宋少鵬, 2016". Nan Nü 20, № 2 (2019): 336–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685268-00202p13.

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CHAN, Jonathan. "從中國生命倫理學到複製人類的道德問題——一個方法學上的省思". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 1, № 3 (1998): 49–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.11341.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.本文的主要目的是要說明怎樣建構一具普遍意義的中國生命倫理學。在本文的第一部分裏，筆者提出了一個“三層架構”的方法學框架來說明建構具普遍意義的中國生命倫理學的可能性。本文的第二部分則主要是通過考察複製人類的道德問題為上述的建構工作提供一個實例。在這個部分裏面，筆者提出了一個儒家傳統的中介原則的理論框架，並通過此一理論框架來考察複製人類的道德問題。根據有關的中介原則，複製人類是否道德上可接受主要視乎複製人類的活動是否會對別人構成傷害。筆者分別考察反對者經常採用的（亦是最主要的）兩個“傷害論証”，並指出它們皆含有不合理的前提。This paper aims to tell a story about Chinese bioethics that appears to be attractive. The crux of it is to show how to work out a Chinese bioethics which is able to retain enough essential elements of Chinese philosophy and at the same time to provide guidance and advi
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KANGJIHYUN. "岳亭定岡期の元治·慶応·明治期切附本の書誌学的研究** 本論文は2012年度全南大学校学術研究費の支援にて研究されたものである。 -二代目岳亭著編述切附本年譜の完成を目指して-". Journal of Japanese Language and Literature 86, № 2 (2013): 63–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17003/jllak.2013.86.2.63.

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Gimpel, Torrey. "The Military, Moral Injury, and Music Therapy." Music and Medicine 8, no. 1 (2016): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v8i1.452.

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The Military, Moral Injury, and Music Therapy Moral injury (MI), described as the consequences of being faced with morally ambiguous situations that can lead to inner conflict and guilt, is still in the beginnings of exploration. The literature states that the diagnosis of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PSTD) no longer fully encompasses the experiences or complex symptoms of our military service members and veterans. Thus, implicating the need for treatment interventions that provide specific focus on the symptoms of MI. Music therapy has been shown in the treatment of trauma and PTSD to prov
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Foster, Bev, Sarah Pearson, and Aimee Berends. "10 Domains of Music Care: A Framework for Delivering Music in Canadian Healthcare Settings (Part 3 of 3)." Music and Medicine 8, no. 4 (2016): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v8i4.415.

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Music care is a developing approach to care that allows the therapeutic principles of music to inform caring practices in both formal healthcare settings and community or home-based contexts, and to create an integral role in developing more relational and person-centered cultures in caregiving. A significant part of the music care approach is a conceptual framework describing 10 domains of delivery. This article is the third in a three-part series on the theory and applications of a music care framework. Music is increasingly being recognized in health care communities as an effective psychos
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"Teaching Strategies for Incorporating Diversity." JALT2018—Diversity and Inclusion 2018, no. 1 (2019): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltpcp2018-35.

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In this paper, we describe teaching strategies for incorporating diversity into a classroom. One author harnesses active learning to accommodate a range of student abilities and interests in a lecture course on media and mass communications. In this case, the focus is on English as a medium of instruction (EMI), delivering content and using small groups, student reaction papers, project-based learning, and field trips. A second author suggests strategies to promote student reflection on their media consumption, dependency on specific browsers, online retailers, and social networking sites. A t
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White, Daniel, and Hirofumi Katsuno. "Toward an Affective Sense of Life: Artificial Intelligence, Animacy, and Amusement at a Robot Pet Memorial Service in Japan." Cultural Anthropology 36, no. 2 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.14506/ca36.2.03.

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 This essay analyzes the organization of Buddhist memorial services for robot pets in Japan against the backdrop of emerging markets for robots equipped with artificial emotional intelligence. It demonstrates how an evocative “sense of life” (seimeikan) becomes both a target of design for robotics engineers and an affective capacity of robot users who care for and through companion robots. Documenting how users cultivate a sense of amusement toward robots that neither neglects nor negates analytical distinctions between the artificial and the living but rather playfully holds them togeth
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"Chances and Challenges: 從演化網絡的角度來研究漢語方言史——機遇與挑戰". Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 8, № 1 (2015): 27–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405478x-00801002.

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提要 目前，學界對漢語方言歷史的了解還不夠完整。語言學家運用各種傳統方法與標準，試圖從假設的共同祖語來擬定聲調或音段的發展，從而界定主要的方言區。但是，有關聲調、音段的發展細節，學界尚遠未達成共識。學者們意見不統一的主要原因在於語言接觸在漢語方言歷史上所扮演的角色。漢語方言的情況跟其他語言不一樣：它們從來沒有真正分開過，也從來沒有獨立地發展，而是不斷在相互影響中演變。因此，我們很難確定方言之間的共同特征是從祖語繼承而來的還是從其他方言中借過來的。最新的生物學演化網絡方法可以作為借鑒，這昭示出歷史語言學一個新的探索方向。這類方法運用縱向及橫向網絡以了解細菌的演化過程。語言學家開始運用這些方法來研究語言的發展，并已獲得可喜的初步成績。本文以漢語方言作為專題研究，運用演化網絡方法來分析漢語歷史語言學的問題。在具體操作上，我們精心挑選了200個核心詞彙，並在該基礎上建立了23種漢語方言的數據集。隨後，筆者針對漢語方言的各種分類理論作出了不同的比較和測試，從而判斷其普遍合理性。比較的結果表明，演化網絡方法對漢語方言史的定量和定性研究起到了舉足輕重的補充作用。為了充分發揮其潛力，我們需要建立更適合語言學研究的演化發展模型，例如加入地理信息等其他佐證，才能夠更全面、更細緻地描述漢語方言的歷史演變。
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