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Journal articles on the topic '2-b]pyrrole'

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Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Sleziak, Róbert, Slávka Balážiová, and Alžbeta Krutošíková. "Reactions of Furo[2,3-b]pyrrole and Furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-Type Aldehydes." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 64, no. 7 (1999): 1135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19991135.

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The synthesis of methyl 2-formyl-6-(methoxymethyl)furo[2,3-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylate (1d) is described. The reactions of methyl 2-formylfuro[2,3-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylates 1a-1d with malononitrile afforded methyl 2-(2,2-dicyanovinyl)furo[2,3-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylates 3a-3d, with methyl cyanoacetate methyl 2-[2-cyano-2-(methoxycarbonyl)vinyl]furo[2,3-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylates 4a-4d and with 2-furylacetonitrile methyl 2-[2-cyano-2-(2-furyl)vinyl]furo[2,3-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylates 5a-5d. Compounds 1b-1d and methyl azidoacetate gave the appropriate vinylazides 6b-6d, which were used for preparation of su

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2

Zemanová, Ivana, and Renata Gašparová. "SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF NEW DERIVATIVES OF FURO[3,2-b]PYRROLE." Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 12, no. 2 (2013): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nbec-2013-0012.

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Abstract Synthesis of methyl 4H-furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylate is taken place in two step synthesis. Vilsmeier-Haack reaction of 4H-furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylate 1 led to methyl 2-formyl-4H-furo[3,2- b]pyrrole-5-carboxylate 4, which served as starting compound for synthesis of furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-2- aldoxime 5 and methyl 2-[(4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl]-4H-furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5- carboxylate 7. The hydrazinolysis of 1 was prepared by carbohydrazide 2, which subsequently reacted with aldehydes to form of derivatives 3. Pyrazole derivatives 11 were prepared by the reaction

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3

Krutošíková, Alžbeta, Miloslava Dandárová, and Vladimír Bobošík. "Derivatives of Furo[3,2-b]pyrrole." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 59, no. 2 (1994): 473–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19940473.

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A number of methyl 2-substituted, 2,3-disubstituted-4H-furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylates (V - VII) and methyl 1H-benzo[b]furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-2-carboxylate (VIII) was prepared by the thermolysis of corresponding methyl 2-azido-3-(R1,R2-substituted-2-furyl)propenoates (I - IV). N-Methyl and N-benzyl derivatives IX - XVI were prepared at the phase-transfer catalysis conditions. Hydrolysis of some N-methyl and N-benzyl substituted esters furnished corresponding acids XVII - XXII. The hydrazides XXIII - XXX were obtained from corresponding esters and hydrazine hydrate. The preparation of 1-benzylben

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4

Ebada, Sherif Saeed, RuAngelie Edrada-Ebel, Nicole J. de Voogd, Victor Wray, and Peter Proksch. "Dibromopyrrole Alkaloids from the Marine Sponge Acanthostylotella sp." Natural Product Communications 4, no. 1 (2009): 1934578X0900400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0900400112.

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Fourteen dibromopyrrole alkaloids were isolated from the marine sponge Acanthostylotella sp. collected in Indonesia. In addition to the known compounds 4,5-dibromo-N-(methoxy-methyl)-1 H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (7), 4,5-dibromo-1 H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (8), mukanadin D (9), (±)-longamide B methyl ester (10), (±)-longamide B (11), (±)-longamide (12), 3,4-dibromo-1 H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (13), 2-cyano-4,5-dibromo-1 H-pyrrole (14), six compounds were isolated that proved to be new natural products including acanthamides A – D (1 – 4), methyl 3,4-dibromo-1 H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (5) and 3,5-dibro

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5

Harris, RLN, and HG Mcfadden. "Fused Heterocycles From Pyrrolethiols. Thieno[2,3-B]Pyrroles, Thieno[3,2-B]Pyrroles and Thiazolo[3,2-a]Pyrroles From Pyrrol-2-Yl Phenacyl Sulfides." Australian Journal of Chemistry 39, no. 6 (1986): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9860887.

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A reinvestigation of the cyclization of pyrrol-2-yl phenacyl sulfides in polyphosphoric acid has shown that the major product is a thieno[3,2-b]pyrrole, where rearrangement of the sulfur substituent from position 2 to position 3 has preceded cyclization. When TiCl4 is used as cyclocondensation reagent minimal rearrangement is observed and the product obtained is either a thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrrole when the pyrrole nitrogen is unsubstituted, or a thieno[2,3-b]pyrrole where an N-substituent is present.

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6

Kraľovičová, Eva, Alžbeta Krutošíková, Jaroslav Kováč, and Miloslava Dandárová. "Electrophilic substitution reactions of furo[3,2-b]pyrrole derivatives." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 51, no. 1 (1986): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19860106.

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Formylation of ethyl 4H-furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylate and its N-methyl analogue afforded the 2-formyl products Ia,b which on nitration yielded 2-nitro derivatives IIc,d. Formylation, nitration, Mannich reaction, and copulation of the starting products, having position 2 occupied by an aryl, took place at the pyrrole ring.

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7

Torosyan, S. A., Z. F. Nuriakhmetova, F. A. Gimalova, and M. S. Miftakhov. "Synthesis of new 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,2,3-triazole derivatives based on thieno[3,2-<i>b</i>]pyrrolecarboxylic acid." Журнал органической химии 59, no. 2 (2023): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0514749223020143.

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Starting from 4-benzylthieno[3,2- b ]pyrrole-5-carboxylic acid hydrazide and 4-(2-propyn-1-yl)thieno[3,2- b ]pyrrole-5-carboxylic acid methyl ester new 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,2,4-triazole derivatives were obtained.

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8

Krutošíková, Alžbeta, and Mikuláš Hanes. "Substituted 4-Benzylfuro[3,2-b]pyrroles." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 57, no. 7 (1992): 1487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19921487.

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Preparation of 4-benzylfuro[3,2-b]pyrroles is described and their reactions with selected dienophiles are discussed. Utilization of 4-acetylfuro[3,2-b]pyrroles for preparation of 4-substituted derivatives of furo[3,2-b]pyrrole and the synthesis of ethyl 4-(2- and 4-nitrobenzyl)furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylates for fusing to a 1,4-diazepine system is presented.

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9

Mai, Huyen Le Thi, Nhung Thanh Thi Truong, Thiet Quoc Nguyen, et al. "Synthesis and characterization of donor–acceptor semiconducting polymers containing 4-(4-((2-ethylhexyl)oxy)phenyl)-4H-dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole for organic solar cells." New Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 39 (2020): 16900–16912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nj02616f.

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D–A polymers containing 4-(4-((2-ethylhexyl)oxy)phenyl)-4H-dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole and 2,5-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,6-di(thiophen-2-yl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione were successfully synthesized and applied for organic solar cells.

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10

Brown, WV, AJ Jones, MJ Lacey, and BP Moore. "Chemistry of buprestins A and B. Bitter principles of jewel beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)." Australian Journal of Chemistry 38, no. 1 (1985): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9850197.

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The isolation an structural elucidation of β-D- glucopyranose 1,2,6- tris (pyrrole-2-carboxylate) ( buprestin A) (1) and β-D- glucopyranose 6- (4-hydroxybenzoate) 1,2-bis(pyrrole-2-carboxylate) ( buprestin B) (3), bitter principles of beetles of the family Buprestidae , are reported.

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11

Gajdoš, Peter, Soňa Pavlíková, Filip Bureš, and Alžbeta Krutošíková. "2-[3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl]furo[3,2-b]pyrroles: synthesis and reactions." Open Chemistry 3, no. 2 (2005): 311–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bf02475999.

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AbstractThe synthesis and reactions of methyl 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4H-furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylate (1a) are described. Upon reaction with methyl iodide, benzyl chloride, or acetic anhydride, this compound gave N-substituted products 1b-d. By hydrolysis of compounds 1a-c, the corresponding acids 2a-c were formed, or by reaction with hydrazine-hydrate, the corresponding carbohydrazides 3a-c were formed. By heating 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenly]-4H-furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylic acid (2a) in acetic anhydride, 4-acetyl-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]furo[3,2-b]pyrrole (4) was formed. By

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12

Krutošíková, Alžbeta, Miloslava Dandárová, Juraj Alföldi, and Jaroslav Kováč. "Addition and cycloaddition reactions of furo[3,2-b]pyrroles and their benzo[b] analogues: An NMR study of structure of products." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 53, no. 8 (1988): 1770–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19881770.

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Reaction of furo[3,2-b]pyrroles and their benzo[b] analogues with dimethyl butynedioate and ethyl propyonate were investigated. The reaction course is influenced by substituents on the system. Products of [4 + 2] cycloaddition to the furan or pyrrole nucleus as well as products of Michael addition to the benzo[b]furo[3,2-b]pyrrole system have been found. The structure of the products has been proven by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy.

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13

Gašparová, Renáta, Martin Moncman, and Branislav Horváth. "Microwave assisted reactions of 2-[3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-R1-furo[3,2-b] pyrrole-5-carboxhydrazides." Open Chemistry 6, no. 2 (2008): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-008-0009-4.

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AbstractThe effect of microwave irradiation on the reactions of 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-R1-furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxhydrazides 1 with 5-arylfuran-2-carboxaldehydes 2, thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde (3) and methyl 2-formylfuro[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylates 4 has been studied. Reactions of 1 with formic and acetic acid, respectively, led to acylhydrazides 9a–c. Reaction of 1a with 4-substituted 1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one 10 led to imidazole derivative 13. 1,2,4-Triazole-3-thiones 15a,b were synthesized by two-step reaction of 1a with potassium isothiocyanate and phenyl isothiocyanate, respectivel

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14

Sleziak, Róbert, and Alžbeta Krutošíková. "Cycloaddition Reactions of Furo[2,3-b]pyrroles." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 64, no. 2 (1999): 321–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19990321.

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Reactions of furo[2,3-b]pyrroles with dimethyl butynedioate and ethyl propynoate were investigated. The reaction course is influenced by the substituents on the fused system. Products of [4+2]cycloaddition to the furan ring leading to indole derivatives have been observed. In the case of the reaction of methyl 6H-furo[2,3-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylate (1a) with dimethyl butynedioate, products of [4+2]cycloaddition to the furan ring as well as of Michael addition to the pyrrole ring leading to N-substituted indole derivative 3 have been observed.

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15

Paulus, E. F., R. Henning, and H. Urbach. "Two diastereomers of 1-acetylperhydrocyclopenta[b]pyrrole-2-carbonitrile." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 43, no. 7 (1987): 1322–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s010827018709200x.

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16

Balsamini, C., A. Bedini, G. Tarzia, and A. Tontini. "AN IMPROVED ROUTE TO CYCLOALKA[b]PYRROLE 2-CARBOXYLATES." Organic Preparations and Procedures International 29, no. 4 (1997): 471–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00304949709355220.

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17

Nagasaka, Yoshiharu, Chitoshi Kitamura, Hiroyuki Kurata, and Takeshi Kawase. "Diacenaphtho[1,2-b;1′,2′-d]silole and -pyrrole." Chemistry Letters 40, no. 12 (2011): 1437–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.2011.1437.

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18

Nguyen, Tam Huu, Thu Anh Nguyen, Viet Quoc Nguyen, Trung Thanh Nguyen, and Ha Tran Nguyen. "Dithienopyrrole-based monomers as an acceptor unit building for synthesis of donor – acceptor conjugated polymers." Science and Technology Development Journal 19, no. 3 (2016): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v19i3.540.

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A new monomer of N-benzoyl dithieno[2,3-b:2’,3’-d]pyrrole (BDP), has been successfully prepared via copper-catalyzed amidation. Then, this monomer was brominated to form 2,6-dibromo-n-benzoyl dithieno[2,3-b:2’,3’-d]pyrrole (DiBDP) monomer. The structures of monomers were confirmed via the nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). BDP and DiBDP monomers will be used as monomers for Suzuki polycondensation reaction to synthesize the donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated polymers.

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19

Lin, Fang-Ju, Song-Di Lin, Chih-Hao Chin, Wei-Tsung Chuang, and Chain-Shu Hsu. "Novel conjugated polymers based on bis-dithieno[3,2-b;2′,3′-d]pyrrole vinylene donor and diketopyrrolopyrrole acceptor: side chain engineering in organic field effect transistors." Polymer Chemistry 9, no. 1 (2018): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7py01340j.

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20

Gašparová, Renata, Margita Lácová, and Alžbeta Krutošíková. "Reactions of Substituted Furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carbohydrazides Under Classical and Microwave Conditions." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 70, no. 12 (2005): 2101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20052101.

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Substituted hydrazones 5 and 6 were synthesized by the reaction of the corresponding furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxyhydrazides 1 with 6-substituted 4-oxochromene-3-carbaldehydes 2 and methyl 2-formylfuro[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylates 3 under microwave irradiation as well as by the classical method. The beneficial effect of the microwave irradiation on these reactions was a shortening of the reaction time and an increase in the yields. The reactions of 1 with 4-[(4-oxochromen-3-yl)methylidene]-2-phenyloxazol-5(4H)-one (4) were also studied. Compounds 7 or 8 were obtained, depending on the reaction

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21

Krutošíková, Alžbeta, Miloslava Dandárová, and Juraj Alföldi. "Synthesis and Reactions of Furo[3,2-b]pyrrole Type Aldehydes." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 58, no. 9 (1993): 2139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19932139.

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The synthesis of ethyl 2-formyl-4-benzylfuro[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylate (I) is described. A series of furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde 2,6-dialkylphenylhydrazones (IIa - IIg) and dimethylhydrazones (IIIa - IIId) were prepared. By reaction of title compounds with hydroxylammonium chloride in acetic anhydride in the presence of pyridine corresponding cyano-substituted compounds (IVa - IVd) were obtained. Alkaline hydrolysis of IVa - IVd gave Va - Vb and the reaction with sodium azide and ammonium chloride in dimethylformamide led to VIa - VId. the structure of the compounds have been proved by

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22

Shan, Wei-Guang, Yuan Wang, Lie-Feng Ma, and Zha-Jun Zhan. "A new pyrrole alkaloid from the mycelium of Inonotus obliquus." Journal of Chemical Research 41, no. 7 (2017): 392–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/174751917x14967701766941.

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Inotopyrrole B, a new pyrrole alkaloid, was isolated from the mycelium of Inonotus obliquus together with two known ones, inotopyrrole and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-1 H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde. The structure of the new compound was established via detailed analyses of the spectroscopic data, in particular, 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS.

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23

Gerster, Holger, and Gerhard Maas. "Diverse Reactivities of Acetylenic Iminium Salts Toward 1,3-Oxazolium-5-olates (Münchnones)." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 63, no. 4 (2008): 384–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2008-0405.

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AbstractThe acetylenic iminium salts [(c-C3H5)C≡C-C(Ar)=N+Me2]OTf, Ar = phenyl (1a) or 2- thienyl (1b), both react in different ways with three mesoionic münchnones, namely 3-methyl-1,3-oxazolium-5-olate (2), 3-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazolium-5-olate (6) and 3-methyl-2-phenyl-4- trifluoroacetyl-1,3-oxazolium-5-olate (9). With 2, a [3+2] cycloaddition reaction followed by extrusion of CO2 yields pyrroles 5a, b. In the case of 6, the new münchnones 7a, b are obtained which result from an electrophilic substitution at C-4 by the acetylenic iminium cation. In contrast to 1a, b, the 4,4-but-2-yne 1-i

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24

M.M., GULMAN, DOBRYNIN S.A., GATILOV YU.V., and KIRILYUK I.A. "CYCLIC VINYL ETHERS AS THE PRODUCTS OF CYCLISATION OF 2,5,5-TRIETHYL-2-ALKYNYL-3,4-BIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PYRROLIDINE-1-OXYLS." Chemistry for Sustainable Development 32, no. 4 (2024): 460–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15372/csd2024578.

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2,5,5-Triethyl-2-alkynyl-3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-oxyls (alkynyl = C≡CR, and R = H (2), C(Me)2 OH (1), Ph (7)) undergo cyclisation on heating with sodium hydroxide to form cyclic vinyl ethers, the derivatives of 6-methylene-hexahydro-1H-furo[3,4-b]pyrrole-1-oxyl. A bicyclic radical derived from radicals 1 or 2 is capable of reversible addition of alcohols to the vinyl group in the presence of acids. Cyclisation of radical 7 in the acid environment in the presence of mercury acetate follows a different route, with the formation of 2,2,7a-triethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-6-phenyl-1,2,3,3a,4

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25

Kraľovičová, Eva, Alžbeta Krutošíková, Jaroslav Kováč, and Miloslava Dandárová. "Reactions of 2-aryl-4H-furo[3,2-b]pyrrole derivatives." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 51, no. 7 (1986): 1455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19861455.

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Preparation of 4-acetyl-2-arylfuro[3,2-b]pyrroles is described and reactions of 2-aryl-4H-furo[3,2-b]pyrrole and its substituted analogues with dimethyl butinedioate and some further reactions inevitable for the structure determination of compounds prepared were studied.

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26

Abe, Noritaka, and Yoshifumi Emoto. "Reaction of 2-Chlorocyclohepta[b]pyrrole-3-carbaldehyde witho-Phenylenediamine." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 63, no. 5 (1990): 1543–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.63.1543.

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27

Getmanenko, Yulia A., Thomas A. Purcell, Do Kyung Hwang, Bernard Kippelen, and Seth R. Marder. "Easily Reducible Materials from the Reactions of Diselenopheno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole and Dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole with Tetracyanoethylene." Journal of Organic Chemistry 77, no. 23 (2012): 10931–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo3020006.

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28

Kosolapova, Liliya S., Elena Sh Saigitbatalova, Liliya Z. Latypova, Marat F. Valiev, Darya P. Gerasimova, and Almira R. Kurbangalieva. "Novel Acid-Catalyzed Transformation of 1-Benzyl-3-Chloro-5-Hydroxy-4-[(4-Methylphenyl)Sulfanyl]-1,5-Dihydro-2H-Pyrrol-2-One." Molbank 2025, no. 2 (2025): M2017. https://doi.org/10.3390/m2017.

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Nitrogen-containing heterocycles of 3-pyrrolin-2-one series are widely represented in natural and synthetic compounds, with a broad spectrum of pharmacological activity and considerable potential in medicinal and synthetic organic chemistry. In this communication, we report the previously unknown acid-catalyzed transformation of a N-substituted derivative of 3-pyrrolin-2-one that generates two types of heterocyclic moieties. The reflux of 1-benzyl-3-chloro-5-hydroxy-4-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one in toluene in the presence of catalytic amounts of H2SO4 resulted in the

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29

Leysen, Pieter, Silvia Quattrosoldi, Elisabetta Salatelli, and Guy Koeckelberghs. "Investigation of the dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole polymerization using cross-coupling and cationic mechanisms." Polymer Chemistry 10, no. 8 (2019): 1010–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8py01176a.

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30

Wang, Chengyu, Chunyi Dong, Lingkai Kong, Yanli Li, and Yanzhong Li. "ZnCl2-catalyzed chemoselective cascade reactions of enaminones with 2-furylcarbinols: a versatile process for the synthesis of cyclopenta[b]pyrrole derivatives." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 17 (2014): 2164–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cc49191a.

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31

da Silva, Iván, Sara López-Tosco, David Tejedor, Fernando García-Tellado, and Javier González-Platas. "Ab initio crystal structure determination of two chain functionalized pyrroles from synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data." Powder Diffraction 27, no. 3 (2012): 172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715612000498.

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The crystal structure of two chain functionalized pyrroles, methyl 1-benzyl-5-(1-(4-chlorobenzoyloxy)-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate and methyl 1-benzyl-4-(biphenyl-4-yl)-5-(1-(4-biphenylcarbonyloxy)-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate, which are both important active candidates as antitumoral agents, have been obtained ab initio from synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data. Both compounds crystallize in the monoclinic system (space group P21/c), with a = 20.2544(3) Å, b = 6.80442(9) Å, c = 21.1981(3) Å, β = 111.6388(9)° and a = 29.7747(6) Å, b =

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32

Cao, Jinru, Shenya Qu, Jiangsheng Yu, et al. "13.76% efficiency nonfullerene solar cells enabled by selenophene integrated dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole asymmetric acceptors." Materials Chemistry Frontiers 4, no. 3 (2020): 924–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9qm00775j.

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33

Oussaid, Boualem, Cathy Hubert, Leila Moeini, Bernard Garrigues, and Jean-Pierre Fayet. "Étude de la conformation de dérivés pyrroliques." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 71, no. 5 (1993): 623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v93-082.

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The conformations of pyrrole derivatives (1, 2, 3a, b, 4a, b, 5, 6, and 7) have been elucidated from theoretical investigations, dipole moment measurements, use of stereospecific coupling through five bonds, as well as Overhauser experiments (6).

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34

Vanormelingen, Wouter, Jurgen Kesters, Pieter Verstappen, et al. "Enhanced open-circuit voltage in polymer solar cells by dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole N-acylation." J. Mater. Chem. A 2, no. 20 (2014): 7535–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta00525b.

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35

Mabrouk, Sally, Mengmeng Zhang, Zhihui Wang, et al. "Dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole-based hole transport materials for perovskite solar cells with efficiencies over 18%." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 17 (2018): 7950–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta01773e.

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36

Huang, Wenbo, Kaimei Wang, Ping Liu, Minghao Li, Shaoyong Ke та Yanlong Gu. "Three-component reactions of aromatic amines, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, and α-bromoacetaldehyde acetal to access N-(hetero)aryl-4,5-unsubstituted pyrroles". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 16 (30 листопада 2020): 2920–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.16.241.

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N-(Hetero)aryl-4,5-unsubstituted pyrroles were synthesized from (hetero)arylamines, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, and α-bromoacetaldehyde acetal by using aluminum(III) chloride as a Lewis acid catalyst through [1 + 2 + 2] annulation. This new versatile methodology provides a wide scope for the synthesis of different functional N-(hetero)aryl-4,5-unsubstituted pyrrole scaffolds, which can be further derived to access multisubstituted pyrrole-3-carboxamides. In the presence of 1.2 equiv of KI, a polysubstituted pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivative was also successfully synthesized.

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37

Dong, Zihao, Xinxing Yin, Amjad Ali, et al. "A dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole-cored four-arm hole transporting material for over 19% efficiency dopant-free perovskite solar cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, no. 31 (2019): 9455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc03111a.

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38

Peng, Shih-Hao, Wei-Yi Tu, Ganesh Gollavelli, and Chain-Shu Hsu. "Synthesis of diketopyrrolopyrrole based conjugated polymers containing thieno[3,2-b]thiophene flanking groups for high performance thin film transistors." Polymer Chemistry 8, no. 22 (2017): 3431–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7py00402h.

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New D–A conjugate polymers based on 3,6-bis(2-bromothieno-[3,2-b]thiophen-5-yl)-2,5-bis(2-octyldodecyl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]-pyrrole-1,4-(2H,5H)-dione combined with bithiophene, di(2-thienyl)ethene, and di(selenophene-2-yl)ethene were synthesized.

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39

Nagasaka, Yoshiharu, Chitoshi Kitamura, Hiroyuki Kurata, and Takeshi Kawase. "ChemInform Abstract: Diacenaphtho[1,2-b;1′,2′-d]silole and -pyrrole." ChemInform 43, no. 20 (2012): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201220181.

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BALSAMINI, C., A. BEDINI, G. TARZIA, and A. TONTINI. "ChemInform Abstract: An Improved Route to Cycloalka(b)pyrrole-2-carboxylates." ChemInform 28, no. 45 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199745128.

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41

Geffken, Detlef, and Knuth Strohauer. "Synthese und Eigenschaften von 4-Alkoxy-4,5-dihydro-2H-thieno[3.2-b]pyrrol-5-onen Synthesis and Properties of 4-Alkoxy-4,5-dihydro-2H-thieno[3.2-b]pyrrole-5-ones / Synthesis and Properties of 4-Alkoxy-4,5-dihydro-2H-thieno[3.2-b]pyrrole-5-ones." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 41, no. 1 (1986): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1986-0119.

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The reaction of (2-thienyl)substituted N-alkoxyglycolam ides (4) with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide at ambient temperature gives 4-alkoxy-4,5-dihydro-2H -thieno[3.2-b]pyrrole-5-ones (5) in moderate yields.

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42

Lin, Yan-Liang, Yun-Ta Lee, Indrajeet J. Barve, Yi-Ting Huang, and Chung-Ming Sun. "Rapid synthesis of hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole-fused quinolines via a consecutive [3 + 2] cycloaddition and reduction/intramolecular lactamization cascade." Organic Chemistry Frontiers 7, no. 19 (2020): 2991–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0qo00858c.

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An unprecedented synthesis of novel hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole-fused quinolines is achieved through the sequential [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of azomethine ylides with maleimides followed by intramolecular lactamization.

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43

Do, Thu Trang, Meera Stephen, Khai Leok Chan, Sergei Manzhos, Paul L. Burn, and Prashant Sonar. "Pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-1,4-dione (IsoDPP) End Capped with Napthalimide or Phthalimide: Novel Small Molecular Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells." Molecules 25, no. 20 (2020): 4700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204700.

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We introduce two novel solution-processable electron acceptors based on an isomeric core of the much explored diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) moiety, namely pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-1,4-dione (IsoDPP). The newly designed and synthesized compounds, 6,6′-[(1,4-bis{4-decylphenyl}-2,5-dioxo-1,2,4,5-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-3,6-diyl)bis(thiophene-5,2-diyl)]bis[2-(2-butyloctyl)-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione] (NAI-IsoDPP-NAI) and 5,5′-[(1,4-bis{4-decylphenyl}-2,5-dioxo-1,2,4,5-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-3,6-diyl)bis(thiophene-5,2-diyl)]bis[2-(2-butyloctyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione] (PI-IsoDP

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44

Lin, Gaobo, Yunke Qin, Ying-Shi Guan, Hai Xu, Wei Xu та Daoben Zhu. "π-Conjugated dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole (DTP) oligomers for organic thin-film transistors". RSC Advances 6, № 6 (2016): 4872–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra24845k.

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Two new molecules consisting of coplanar electron-donating dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole (DTP) as the donor unit and electron-withdrawing dicyanovinylene as the acceptor block, DTP-L and DTP-S, were synthesized.

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Li, Gang, Dandan Li, Ruijie Ma, et al. "Efficient modulation of end groups for the asymmetric small molecule acceptors enabling organic solar cells with over 15% efficiency." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 12 (2020): 5927–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta01032d.

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46

Bora, Smiti Rani, and Dhruba Jyoti Kalita. "End group modulation of A–D–A type small donor molecules for DTP based organic photovoltaic solar cells: a DFT approach." RSC Advances 13, no. 38 (2023): 26418–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra03949h.

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47

Zhang, Zhuohan, Linqiang Yang, Zhenghao Hu, et al. "Charge density modulation on asymmetric fused-ring acceptors for high-efficiency photovoltaic solar cells." Materials Chemistry Frontiers 4, no. 6 (2020): 1747–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0qm00123f.

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Charge density modulation on thieno[2′′,3′′:5′,6′]-s-indaceno[2′,1′:4,5]dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole core has been conducted for a systematic study of its impact on the electronic structure, molecular packing and photovoltaic performance of asymmetric fused-ring acceptors.

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48

Krutosíková, Alzbeta, Margita Lácová, Miloslava Dandárová, and Jarmila Chovancová. "Effect of microwave irradiation on reaction of furo[3,2-b]pyrrole and furo[2,3-b]pyrrole-2-carbaldehydes with some active methylene compounds." Arkivoc 2000, no. 3 (2000): 409–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/ark.5550190.0001.323.

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49

Matos Beja, A., J. A. Paixão, M. Ramos Silva, et al. "Methyl 2-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-2,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-b]pyrrole-6a-carboxylate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 54, no. 6 (1998): 803–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270198000213.

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50

Sapunar, Marin, Aurora Ponzi, Sermsiri Chaiwongwattana, et al. "Timescales of N–H bond dissociation in pyrrole: a nonadiabatic dynamics study." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 29 (2015): 19012–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp02100f.

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The excitation wavelength dependent photodynamics of pyrrole are investigated by surface-hopping nonadiabatic dynamics simulations. The results are explained in terms of correct Rydberg–valence interaction in the lowest B<sub>2</sub> state.

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