Academic literature on the topic '599.636 2'
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Journal articles on the topic "599.636 2":
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Kapitsa, Vassiliy, Maria Shahgedanova, Horst Machguth, Igor Severskiy, and Akhmetkal Medeu. "Assessment of evolution and risks of glacier lake outbursts in the Djungarskiy Alatau, Central Asia, using Landsat imagery and glacier bed topography modelling." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 10 (October 24, 2017): 1837–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-1837-2017.
Abstract:
Abstract. Changes in the abundance and area of mountain lakes in the Djungarskiy (Jetysu) Alatau between 2002 and 2014 were investigated using Landsat imagery. The number of lakes increased by 6.2 % from 599 to 636 with a growth rate of 0.51 % a−1. The combined areas were 16.26 ± 0.85 to 17.35 ± 0.92 km2 respectively and the overall change was within the uncertainty of measurements. Fifty lakes, whose potential outburst can damage existing infrastructure, were identified. The glacier bed topography version 2 (GlabTop2) model was applied to simulate ice thickness and subglacial topography using glacier outlines for 2000 and SRTM DEM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission digital elevation model) as input data achieving realistic patterns of ice thickness. A total of 513 overdeepenings in the modelled glacier beds, presenting potential sites for the development of lakes, were identified with a combined area of 14.7 km2. Morphometric parameters of the modelled overdeepenings were close to those of the existing lakes. A comparison of locations of the overdeepenings and newly formed lakes in the areas de-glacierized in 2000–2014 showed that 67 % of the lakes developed at the sites of the overdeepenings. The rates of increase in areas of new lakes correlated with areas of modelled overdeepenings. Locations where hazardous lakes may develop in the future were identified. The GlabTop2 approach is shown to be a useful tool in hazard management providing data on the potential evolution of future lakes.
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Li, Cong, Yun Xu, Fangqi Liu, and Ye Xu. "Abstract 5773: A one-stop approach in diagnosing hereditary colorectal cancer: A prospective, proof-of-principle, single-center study." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 5773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5773.
Abstract:
Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Between 3 and 6% of all CRC cases are attributed to hereditary colorectal cancer (HCRC). It is important to distinguish CRCs that arise hereditarily from those that arise sporadically, because patients with HCRC and their relatives can benefit from intensive clinical management and surveillance. The detection of germline variants using tumor tissue and paired non-cancerous tissue/whole blood cells (WBC) (conventional method) is considered as the gold standard for germline confirmation, but which could introduce high cost and long turnaround time. In this work, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of diagnosing HCRC using only tumor next-generation sequencing data without normal tissue/WBC data. Methods: One-hundred patients with suspected HCRC were prospectively enrolled according to the clinical diagnosis. Both tumor tissue and paired WBC were collected from each patient. Capture-based targeted sequencing using a panel consisting of 41 cancer-related genes was performed on both tumor tissue and WBC sample. The germline variants were identified using conventional and ColonCore method, respectively. The sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of ColonCore method in identifying germline alterations were calculated, when conventional method was used as a reference. Results: A total of 636 alterations were identified using ColonCore method, including 606 somatic alterations and 30 germline alterations. Among the somatic alterations detected from this panel, 599 single-nucleotide variants and 7 copy number variants were observed. The most frequently mutated genes were APC, TP53, and KRAS, occurring in 76%, 66%, and 46% of patients, respectively. For ColonCore analysis, 17, 9, 2, and 2 patients harbored germline pathogenic variants in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, APC, MUTYH, and ATM, respectively. Compared to the conventional method, the sensitivity of ColonCore method in the diagnosis of HCRC achieved 88.5% with a PPV of 82.1%. Next, the diagnostic performance of ColonCore method in Lynch syndrome (LS) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) was subsequently investigated. We found its sensitivity in the diagnosis of LS achieved 100% (with a PPV of 98.8%), which was obviously higher than that in the diagnosis of FAP (70.0% with a PPV of 63.6%). Twenty-three patients identified as having a microsatellite instability (MSI)-high tumor using ColonCore method were also identified as having an MMR-deficient (dMMR) tumor using immunohistochemistry staining analysis. Conclusions: Our study suggests that ColorCore method is a one-stop approach for detecting germline/somatic alterations and MSI/dMMR status for suspected HCRC. Furthermore, ColorCore method is a feasible and valid tool to diagnose HCRC, especially LS. Citation Format: Cong Li, Yun Xu, Fangqi Liu, Ye Xu. A one-stop approach in diagnosing hereditary colorectal cancer: A prospective, proof-of-principle, single-center study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5773.
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Wu, Bo-Sen, Sarah MacPherson, and Mark Lefsrud. "Filtering Light-Emitting Diodes to Investigate Amber and Red Spectral Effects on Lettuce Growth." Plants 10, no. 6 (May 27, 2021): 1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10061075.
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Red and blue light are the principal wavelengths responsible for driving photosynthetic activity, yet amber light (595 nm) has the highest quantum efficiency and amber-rich high pressure sodium lamps result in superior or comparable plant performance. On this basis, we investigated how lettuce plant growth and photosynthetic activity were influenced by broad and narrow light spectra in the 590–630 nm range, by creating amber and red light-emitting diode (LED) spectra that are not commercially available. Four different light spectra were outfitted from existing LEDs using shortpass and notch filters: a double peak spectrum (595 and 655 nm; referred to as 595 + 655-nm light) that excluded 630-nm light, 595-nm, 613-nm, and 633-nm light emitting at an irradiance level of 50 W·m−2 (243–267 µmol·m−2·s−1). Shifting LED wavelengths from 595 nm to 633 nm and from 595 nm to 613 nm resulted in a biomass yield decrease of ~50% and ~80%, respectively. When 630-nm light is blocked, lettuce displayed expanded plant structures and the absence of purple pigmentation. This report presents a new and feasible approach to plant photobiology studies, by removing certain wavelengths to assess and investigate wavelength effect on plant growth and photosynthesis. Findings indicate that amber light is superior to red light for promoting photosynthetic activity and plant productivity, and this could set precedence for future work aimed at maximizing plant productivity in controlled environment agriculture.
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Stanton, Bruce A. "Renal potassium transport: the pioneering studies of Gerhard Giebisch." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 298, no. 2 (February 2010): F233—F234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00669.2009.
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This essay looks at the historical significance of six APS Classic Papers that are freely available on line: Malnic G, Klose RM, Giebisch G. Micropuncture study of renal potassium excretion in the rat. Am J Physiol 206: 674–686, 1964 ( http://ajplegacy.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/206/4/674 ). Malnic G, Klose RM, Giebisch G. Micropuncture study of distal tubular potassium and sodium transport in rat nephron. Am J Physiol 211: 529–547, 1966 ( http://ajplegacy.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/211/3/529 ). Malnic G, Klose RM, Giebisch G. Microperfusion study of distal tubular potassium and sodium transfer in rat kidney. Am J Physiol 211: 548–559, 1966 ( http://ajplegacy.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/211/3/548 ). Duarte CG, Chomety F, Giebisch G. Effect of amiloride, ouabain, and furosemide on distal tubular function in the rat. Am J Physiol 221: 632–640, 1971 ( http://ajplegacy.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/221/2/632 ). Malnic G, De Mello Aires M, Giebisch G. Potassium transport across renal distal tubules during acid-base disturbances. Am J Physiol 221: 1192–1208, 1971 ( http://ajplegacy.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/221/4/1192 ). Wright FS, Strieder N, Fowler NB, Giebisch G. Potassium secretion by distal tubule after potassium adaptation. Am J Physiol 221: 437–448, 1971 ( http://ajplegacy.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/221/2/437 ).
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Kinsy, Lionard. "Analisa dan Perancangan Aplikasi Data Mining Untuk Prediksi Stok Obat pada Klinik XYZ." TeIKa 12, no. 01 (May 8, 2022): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36342/teika.v12i01.2822.
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Prediksi merupakan alat bantu yang penting untuk membuat perencanaan dan pengambilan keputusan manajemen. Dalam penelitian ini, prediksi akan membantu Klinik XYZ dalam pengambilan keputusan persediaan stok agar tidak terjadi kekurangan persediaan maupun berlebihan persediaan. Dengan memanfaatkan data mining, penulis bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan jaringan syaraf tiruan untuk meramalkan persediaan stok obat dan juga merancang sebuah aplikasi yang mampu menerapkan prediksi menggunakan metode jaringan syaraf tiruan untuk meramalkan stok obat. Menggunakan model jaringan syaraf tiruan dengan konfigurasi yaitu 5 neuron pada lapisan input, 3 lapisan tersembunyi yang masing-masing memiliki 4, 3, dan 4 neuron, dan 1 neuron pada lapisan output dengan fungsi aktivasi ReLU dan learning rate sebesar 0.001, aplikasi ini mampu untuk menyajikan hasil prediksi pada periode yang diinginkan disertai dengan nilai galat prediksi dalam bentuk Mean Absolute Percentage Error. Dari 4 jenis produk yang diuji dengan total sampel sebanyak 24 periode dari Januari 2017 sampai Desember 2018, model jaringan syaraf tiruan memberikan hasil prediksi untuk bulan September 2018 – Desember 2018 adalah: (1) produk Amobiotic yaitu 593, 693, 584, dan 632, (2) produk Loremid yaitu 97, 222, 161, dan 137, (3) produk Meproson yaitu 599, 614, 398, dan 401, (4) produk Nikolam yaitu 215, 256, 290, dan 338.
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Fontana, Elisa, Anna Wilkins, Yatish Patil, Gift Nyamundanda, Chanthirika Ragulan, David Mansfield, Jennifer Kingston, et al. "Characterization of chemoradiation-induced changes in immune cells and targets for personalized therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2019): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.4_suppl.589.
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589 Background: Neoadjuvant radio/chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is a treatment milestone for LARC. The importance of immune response in CRT efficacy is increasingly realised. However immune cell changes associated with poor responders and their modulation with immune-CRT combinations is unclear. Methods: Matched archival pre-CRT biopsies and post-CRT resection specimens from patients (pts) treated with neoadjuvant CRT were retrieved. Delta-TCD (tumor cell density, estimated using quantitative point counting on virtual tissue H&E) and k-means clustering method were used to classify pts into good, intermediate and poor responders. Baseline expression and CRT-induced changes in 770 immune-related genes (plus 30 DNA damage response genes) were evaluated using NanoString Technologies. Results: At least 70 pts treated with short/long course radiotherapy (SCRT/LCRT) and matched tissues available were identified. To date, 27 pts evaluable for deltaTCD and gene expression were clustered into good (n:10), intermediate (n:7) and poor (n:10) responders. The expression of 14% (91/636) of immune genes was significantly affected by CRT (Bonferroni t-test, q-value < 0.05) overall, with significant increase in innate immunity and decrease in adaptive immunity across all pts (CIBERSORT and SSGSEA analyses). Between good and poor responders there were 6% (39/636) and 2% (15/636) of genes significantly affected by CRT (Bonferroni t-test, q-value < 0.05), respectively. CRT-induced increased CD8+ T cells expression in poor responders compared to good responders was seen. Increased baseline expression of resistance genes (including PD-L1, IDO1 and IL2RA) were seen in poor versus good responders. Validation with quantitative multiplex-immunofluorescence (Vectra) and correlation with SCRT/LCRT and time to surgery are on-going. Conclusions: The expression of immune-related genes is significantly modified by CRT in LARC. With the caveat of small numbers, we identified differentially expressed immune targets at baseline which may justify immune-CRT combinations in neoadjuvant setting in selected pts to modulate the CRT effect and ultimately increase response.
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Münkler, Herfried, and Carl Schmitt. "Briefe 1982/1983." Zeitschrift für Ideengeschichte 15, no. 2 (2021): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17104/1863-8937-2021-2-107.
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[1] MASCHKE AN SCHMITT Lieber Herr Prof. Schmitt! Dr. Münkler, Judengasse 11, 636 Friedberg/ H. bat mich, Ihnen diesen Aufsatz zuzusenden! Herzlich und bis auf bald Ihr Maschke [2] SCHMITT AN MÜNKLER 597 Plettenberg-Pasel Zu Ihrem Aufsatz, Afghanistan Sehr geehrter Herr Münkler, Herrn Günter Maschke verdanke ich die Zusendung Ihres Aufsatzes «Partisanen und Tradition». Diese Zusendung ist für mich [durchgestrichen: so] bedeutungsvoll, dass ich sie nicht unbedankt lassen darf. Man hätte diesen Ihren Aufsatz die letzten zwei Jahre hindurch dem sogenannten Weltgewissen eindringlich geläufig machen sollen, statt des USA-Getaumels, fortwährendes Taumeln zwischen Isolation und Pan-Interventionismus, statt Ausdehnung der Monroe-Doktrin auf der ganzen Welt.
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Aguilar, Jose, Jose M. Rodriguez, Benito Flores, Joaquin Sola, Agueda Bas, Teresa Soria, Pablo Ramirez, and Pascual Parrilla. "Value of repeated fine-needle aspiration cytology and cytologic experience on the management of thyroid nodules." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 119, no. 1 (July 1998): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-5998(98)70182-2.
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Although fine-needle aspiration is being currently accepted as the most reliable method to select patients with thyroid nodules for surgery, controversy remains about the accuracy in distinguishing benign nodules. We present our results from 636 fine-needle aspirations performed from 1984 to 1989. Our article focuses on the value of cytologic expertise and repeated punctures for follow-up of benign nodules. We found annual figures for specificity and positive predictive value to increase steadily from 1984 to 1989, thus suggesting that the power of the test is proportional to the experience of the cytologist. We also state that the value of performing repeated punctures for the follow-up of unselected benign nodules is low. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998;119:121-4.)
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Lost, Jan, Niklas Tillmans, Sara Merkaj, Marc von Reppert, MingDe Lin, Khaled Bousabarah, Anita Huttner, et al. "NIMG-20. INCORPORATION OF AI-BASED AUTOSEGMENTATION AND CLASSIFICATION INTO NEURORADIOLOGY WORKFLOW: PACS-BASED AI TO BUILD YALE GLIOMA DATASET." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_7 (November 1, 2022): vii165—vii166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac209.638.
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Abstract PURPOSE Translation of AI algorithms into clinical practice is significantly limited by lack of large individual hospital-based datasets with expert annotations. Current methods for generation of annotated imaging data are significantly limited due to inefficient imaging data transfer, complicated annotation software, and time required for experts to generate ground truth information. We incorporated AI tools for auto-segmentation of gliomas into PACS that is used at our institution for reading clinical studies and developed a workflow for annotation of images and development of volumetric segmentations in neuroradiology clinical workflow. Material: 1990 patients from Yale Radiation Oncology Registry (2012-2019) were identified. Segmentations were performed using a UNETR algorithm trained on BRaTS 2021 and an internal dataset of manually segmented tumors. Segmentations were validated by a board-certified neuro-radiologist and natively embedded PyRadiomics in PACS was used for feature extraction. RESULTS In 7 Months (05/2021 - 08/2021, 03/2022 - 05/2022) segmentations and annotations were performed in 835 patients (322 female, 467 male, 46 unknown, mean age 53 yrs). Dataset includes 275 Grade 4 Gliomas (54 Grade 3, 100 Grade 2, 31 Grade 1, 375 unknown). Molecular subtypes include IDH (113 mutated, 498 wildtype, 2 Equivocal, 222 unknown), 1p/19q (87 deleted or co-deleted, 122 intact, 626 unknown), MGMT promotor (182 methylated, 95 partially methylated, 275 unmethylated, 283 unknown), EGFR (76 amplified, 177 not amplified, 582 unknown), ATRX (40 mutated, 157 retained, 638 unknown), Ki-67 (616 known, 219 unknown) and p53 (549 known, 286 unknown). Classification of gliomas between grade 3/4 and grade 1/2, yielded AUC of 0.85. CONCLUSION We developed a method for incorporation of volumetric segmentation, feature extraction, and classification that is easily incorporated into neuroradiology workflow. These tools allowed us to annotate over 100 gliomas per month, thus establishing a proof of concept for rapid development of annotated imaging database for AI applications.
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Hasim, Nurhafizah, Md Supar Rohani, Md Rahim Sahar, and Sib Krishna Ghoshal. "Luminescence of Er3+/Nd3+ Co-Doped Lithium Niobate Tellurite Glass." Materials Science Forum 846 (March 2016): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.846.131.
Abstract:
Achieving tuneable photoluminescence via controlled co-doping of rare earth ions in lithium niobate based glasses are challenging. A series of Er3+/ Nd3+ co-doped tellurite glasses of composition (70-x-y) TeO2 – 15 Li2CO3 – 15 Nb2O5 – (x) Er2O3 – (y) Nd2O3 with x = 0; 1.0 mol % and 0 ≤ y ≤ 1.0 mol % are prepared using melt quenching technique. The influence of co-dopants on the emission properties is analyzed and discussed using partial energy level diagram of rare earth ions. The dopants concentration dependent physical properties such as refractive index, molar volume, density, polarizability and molar refractions are determined. The down-converted luminescence spectra for 2G9/2 à4I9/2 transition reveal a strong green emission band centred at 497 nm is attributed to the energy transfer from erbium to neodymium ion. The emission spectra exhibit five prominent peaks centred at 497, 539, 553, 616 and 634 nm corresponding to the transitions from 2H11/2, 4S3/2 and 4F9/2 excited states to the ground state of Er3+ ion and the transitions from 2G9/2, 2G7/2, 2H11/2 and 4F9/2 excited states to ground state of Nd3+ ion. The highest intensity is achieved for x = y = 1.0 mol%. The excellent luminescence response suggests that our glasses may be nominated for solid state lasers and other photonic applications.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "599.636 2":
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Hussain, Sabir. "Characterization of the isoproturon degrading community : from the field to the genes." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00674042.
Abstract:
Frequent use of phenylurea herbicide isoproturon (IPU) in agricultural fields has resulted not only in the contamination of the natural resources including soil and water but also in the adaptation of the soil microflora to its rapid degradation. However, up to now, the mechanisms underlying this microbial adaptation are not well elucidated. The aim of this study was to explore the processes and factors implicated in IPU degradation from the agricultural field to the genes coding for catabolic genes. The study carried out at the experimental field of Epoisses cropped with a winter wheat / barley / rape seed crop rotation indicated that as a result of its periodically repeated use, the soil microflora adapted to IPU mineralization activity. Further analysis using exploratory and geostatistical tools demonstrated the existence of spatial variability in IPU mineralization activity at the field scale which was correlated not only with several soil physico-chemical parameters like organic matter content, CEC and C/N ratio but also with the pesticide application plan over a three year crop rotation. In order to get further insight into underlying mechanisms, an IPU mineralizing bacterial culture and strain Sphingomonas sp. SH were isolated through enrichment cultures performed from two different adapted soils. Both had the catabolic activities highly specific for the mineralization of IPU and its metabolites but none of other structurally related phenylurea herbicides. IPU metabolic activity of both the mixed culture and the strain SH was found to be affected by pH with optimal activity taking place at pH 7.5. Based on the accumulation of different known metabolites during mineralization kinetics, IPU metabolic pathway was proposed to be initiated by two successive demethylations, followed by cleavage of the urea side chain resulting in the accumulation of 4-isopropylaniline, and ultimately the mineralization of the phenyl ring. In order to identify the genes involved in IPU degradation, BAC clone library was established from the genomic DNA of the bacterial culture. Although, the functional screening did not yield in identifying any BAC clone able to degrade IPU or its known metabolites, the PCR based screening led us to identify a cat gene cluster involved in ortho-cleavage of the phenyl ring of catechol through beta-ketoadipate pathway. Based on this finding, it was hypothesized that phenyl ring of 4-isopropylaniline formed during IPU transformation might be mineralized through ortho-cleavage of catechol. This finding allowed us to propose the lower IPU metabolic pathway which was not yet described.
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Marinelli-König, Gertraud. "Slavica in den Wiener Zeitschriften und Almanachen des Vormärz, Bd. 1: Rußland in den Wiener Zeitschriften und Almanachen des Vormärz (1805-1848), Wien 1990, 1026 S.; Nachtrag zu Rußland in den Wiener Zeitschriften und Almanachen des Vormärz (1805-1848), Wien 1998, 136 S.; Bd. 2: Polen und Ruthenen in den Wiener Zeitschriften und Almanachen des Vormärz (1805-1848), Wien 1992, 638 S.; Bd. 3: Die Südslaven in den Wiener Zeitschriften und Almanachen des Vormärz (1805-1848), Wien 1994, 596 S. [Zusammenfassung]." 2000. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15763.
Books on the topic "599.636 2":
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Abstract book International Congress on health Science and Medical Technologies 2021. Knowledge Kingdom Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26415/978-9931-9446-5-2.
Abstract:
ICHSMT’21 is the fifth version of the International Congress of Health Sciences and Medical Technologies. The congress attended the success of regrouping a multidisciplinary community working with the challenge to add a relevant increment to the medical innovation and findings. The congress is a successor of four successful versions established respectively in 2016 (at Tlemcen University Algeria), 2017 (at Mariott Hotel Tlemcen Algeria), 2018 (at CERIST Algiers Algeria), and 2019 (at Zianides Hotel Tlemcen Algeria). After several delay and for the first time, an online edition was established due to critical situation of worldwide pandemic, which make the end of millions of peoples life. The congress is held between 27 and 29 June 2021, only online but the organization was at Tlemcen. The congress at that edition attracted researchers from several nations and specialties naming: Algeria, Germany, Iran, Switzerland, Netherland, Denmark, Malaysia, China, Portugal, Bulgaria, Pakistan, France, Morocco, Tunisia, Brazil, United Kingdom, Egypt, India, Poland Iraq, and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The congress author’s affiliations were from several departments such as medicine, biology, physics, chemical sciences, computer science, environment, pharmacy, dentary surgery, electrical and electronic engineering, and mechanical engineering. The content was selected via strong criteria applied by the members of program committee. We received 63 submissions, which were reviewed by 2-3 reviewers, and we accepted 59, the rate of acceptance was 80.95%. Only some abstracts are selected for publication in this book.
Book chapters on the topic "599.636 2":
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Wdowik, Agata. "Woda w panoramie życia codziennego warszawskiej Szkoły Rycerskiej." In Kajety Korpusu Kadetów Szkoły Rycerskiej. T. 2. Ludzie – wartości – kultura materialna. Warsaw University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323540106.pp.599-636.
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Lassányi, Gábor. "Tumulus burials and the nomadic population of the Eastern Desert in Late Antiquity." In Between the Cataracts. Proceedings of the 11th Conference of Nubian Studies Warsaw University, 27 August-2 September 2006. Part 2, fascicule 2. Session Papers. Warsaw University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323533429.pp.595-606.
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"Chapitre 2. D’un contraste à traverser a la traversée d’un contraste." In Les biens pour rien en Qohéleth 5,9–6,6 ou. La traversée d’un contraste, 23–30. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110904437-005.
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Kudryavtsev, E. M., V. V. Roshchupkin, and M. A. Pokrasin. "Experimental data on the velocities of the components of slow solitary elastic waves in copper samples." In Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS — 80 years. Collection of scientific articles, 594–631. Intercontact Science, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30791/978-5-902063-58-2-594-632.
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Beghi, Ettore, Giorgia Giussani, and Marco Poloni. "Neuropathies." In Oxford Textbook of Neurologic and Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology, edited by Carol Brayne, Valery L. Feigin, Lenore J. Launer, and Giancarlo Logroscino, 331–44. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198749493.003.0032.
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Peripheral neuropathies are most frequently a complication of a variety of acute and chronic diseases and injuries, including diseases of the roots, plexuses, and peripheral nerves in various combinations, and are categorized as symmetric polyneuropathies, mononeuropathies, multifocal neuropathies, and radiculopathies. This chapter illustrates data about peripheral neuropathies in the general population and in selected cohorts at risk: diabetic neuropathy (present in 66% of insulin-dependent and 59% of non-insulin-dependent diabetic individuals), acute and chronic inflammatory (2–16% of all polyneuropathies in hospital-based studies), paraneoplastic, infectious (Mycobacterium leprae, HIV, predominant in resource-poor countries), toxic and iatrogenic (antibacterial, antiparasitic, cardiovascular and chemotherapeutic agents), due to entrapment (carpal tunnel syndrome), and inherited (Charcot-Marie-Tooth, familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy, hereditary motor/sensory neuropathies). The actual burden of peripheral neuropathies is unknown because incidence and prevalence are preferably calculated in patients with the underlying cause and for the variability and low validity and reliability of the diagnostic criteria.
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Lambert, Tristan H. "Functional Group Protection." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190200794.003.0012.
Abstract:
An efficient method for allylation of a sterically hindered alcohol in the presence of base-sensitive functionality (cf. 1 to 2) has been developed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2012, 53, 1319) by Richard B. Silverman at Northwestern University. Mark S. Taylor at the University of Toronto found (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 8260) that borinic acid 4 catalyzed the monofunctionalization of diols and carbohydrates such as 3. The selective functionalization of unprotected peptides can be challenging, but Man-Kin Wong at Hong Kong Polytechnic University and Chi-Ming Che at the University of Hong Kong have shown (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 2589) that selective N-terminal functionalization can be achieved with the alkynyl ketene 7, which allows for subsequent derivitization of the acylated products (e.g., 8) via click reactions with azides. To formylate amines such as morpholine (9), an N-heterocyclic carbene (e.g., 10) catalyzed procedure that utilizes CO2 and polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) has been developed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 2934) by Thibault Cantat at the CEA in France. For the protection of acyclic amino acid derivatives, Eiji Tayama at Niigata University has reported (Tetrahedron Lett. 2012, 53, 1373) a new protecting group, 1,2-dimethoxy-4,5-dimethylene, that is installed by double alkylation and can be removed with, for example, ethyl chloroformate to produce the corresponding carbamate (e.g., 12 to 13). As far as protecting groups go, ethers can be especially challenging to remove; however, a new procedure for the oxidative cleavage of glycol ethers, including dioxane, has been developed (Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 3218) by Zhong-Quan Liu at Lanzhou University. This copper-catalyzed procedure employs carboxylic acids such as 14 and produces alkoxymethoxy esters 15. The cleavage of unactivated ethers such as dibutyl ether as a means to alkylate sulfonamides (cf. 16) has been reported (Synlett 2012, 595) by Wei Zeng at South China University of Technology. Protecting groups that are thermally labile offer the ability to achieve deprotection without added reagents. A new thermolabile protecting group has been developed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2012, 53, 666) by Marcin K. Chmielewski at the Polish Academy of Sciences based on 2-pyridyl-N-(2,4-difluorobenzyl)aminoethyl carbonates.
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Lambert, Tristan H. "Synthesis of Heteroaromatics." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190200794.003.0069.
Abstract:
Peter Wipf at the University of Pittsburgh utilized (J. Org. Chem. 2013, 78, 167) an alkynol-furan Diels-Alder reaction to convert 1 into the hydroxyindole 2. An intramolecular Larock indole synthesis was employed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 4902) by Yanxing Jia at Peking University for the conversion of aniline 3 to tricyclic indole 4. The reaction of boronodiene 5 with nitrosobenzene to produce pyrrole 6 was reported (Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 5414) by Bertrand Carboni at CNRS University of Rennes and Andrew Whiting at Durham University. The merger of imine 7 with propargyl amine 8 in the presence of a strong base, leading to pyrrole 9, was disclosed (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 3146) by Boshun Wan at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Bin Li and Baiquan Wang at Nankai University found (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 136) that pyrrole 12 could be prepared by the oxidative annulation of enamide 10 with alkyne 11 via ruthenium catalysis in the presence of copper(II). Naohiko Yoshikai at Nanyang Technological University demonstrated (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 1966) that N-allyl imine 13 could be cyclized to pyrrole 14 via dehydrogenative intramolecular Heck cyclization. Rhett Kempe at the University of Bayreuth developed (Nature Chem. 2013, 5, 140) a “sustainable” pyrrole synthesis in which iridium complex 17 catalyzed the dehydrogenative coupling of alcohol 15 and phenylalaninol (16) to produce pyrrole 18. In a related process, David Milstein at the Weizmann Institute of Science found (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 4012) that the ruthenium complex 20 effected the transformation of 2-octanol (19) and 16 to furnish pyrrole 21. An alternative ruthenium-catalyzed pyrrole synthesis from readily available components was developed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 597) by Matthias Beller, allowing for the preparation of 25 from ketone 22, diol 23, and amine 24. Meanwhile, with a bit of hetero-aromatic alchemy, Huw M.L. Davies at Emory University converted (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 4716) the furan 26 to pyrrole 28 by reaction with triazole 27 under rhodium catalysis. Professor Kempe also developed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 6326) a method for the synthesis of pyridine 30 from amino alcohol 29 and propanol using an iridium catalyst closely related to 17.
8
Mazzucchelli, Chiara, Caterina Bordone, David Maggi, and Renzo Cordera. "Case 27: A “Tricky” Low HbA1c." In Diabetes Case Studies: Real Problems, Practical Solutions, 95–97. American Diabetes Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.27.
Abstract:
A 63-year-old Caucasian woman was referred to our diabetes clinic for evaluation of an unexplained drop in HbA1c in the past year without an apparent cause. She was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) 5 years earlier upon routine laboratory screening. At the time of diagnosis, she was asymptomatic with a BMI of 29.5 kg/m2. She had had two uncomplicated pregnancies. Soon after her T2D diagnosis, she was started on therapy with a fixed combination of glyburide and metformin t.i.d. (2.5 mg + 400 mg, respectively; increased later to 5 mg + 400 mg). She also had hypertension treated with enalapril 20 mg/day. Since then, her HbA1c had been measured every 6 months and remained stable at 59 mmol/mol (7.5%) on the higher dose of glyburide. With no apparent reason, her HbA1c dropped to 42 mmol/mol (6%) during the past year. This low value, within the nondiabetic range, was confirmed 6 months later. She did not report any symptomatic hypoglycemia or a change in BMI. Blood glucose self-monitoring carried out twice weekly indicated poor glycemic control inconsistent with her HbA1c values. Her general practitioner recommended decreasing her antidiabetic therapy by half, but her HbA1c was still 42 mmol/mol (6%) 3 months later. At time of presentation, mild anemia was present. Upon obtaining further, it was discovered that she had started therapy with dapsone for pemphigus 15 months earlier.
9
Shah, Heeral, and Michael T. Yen. "Management of Blepharospasm and Hemifacial Spasm." In Surgery of the Eyelid, Lacrimal System, and Orbit. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195340211.003.0016.
Abstract:
Benign essential blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm are chronic and disabling medical conditions. Both disorders can result in uncontrollable blinking or frank spasms of the eyelids and face, which may interfere with the activities of daily living and may even render a patient functionally blind and occupationally handicapped. Often, when untreated, the eyelid and facial spasms are so emotionally unsettling that the patients become withdrawn, frustrated, and desperate. Essential blepharospasm is the most common manifestation of orofacial movement disorders. The term is used to describe a movement disorder limited to the eyelid protractors without a secondary inciting cause, and is characterized by spontaneous, repetitive, forceful eyelid closure. Benign essential blepharospasm is caused by forceful contraction of the eyelid protractors, which include the orbicularis oculi, corrugator supercilii, and procerus muscles. The prevalence is 32 in 100,000 and women are more commonly affected than men (3:2). The peak onset is in the fifth to sixth decades, and symptoms peak 3 years after onset. When contractions are limited to the orbital and periorbital muscles, the term “benign essential blepharospasm” is used. Often, subsequent contractions of lower face and neck occur concurrently. This is termed Meige syndrome, orofacial dystonia, or oromandibular dystonia (Brueghel syndrome). Furthermore, dystonia outside of the facial nerve distribution is called segmental cranial dystonia or craniocervical dystonia. Initially, benign essential blepharospasm can manifest as increased frequency in blinking in response to several stimuli, including wind, air pollution, sunlight, noise, and movements of the head or eyes. It can significantly impair quality of life by causing difficulty in reading, writing, and driving. In severe cases, patients may be functionally blind. Several eyelid changes have been noted with longstanding blepharospasm including dermatochalasis, eyelid and brow ptosis, entropion, and canthal tendon abnormalities. Common symptoms that precede the official diagnosis of benign essential blepharospasm include eye irritation, photophobia, tearing, and ocular pain. Early symptoms include an increase in blink rate (77%), lid spasms (66%), ocular irritation (55%), midfacial or lower facial spasm (59%), brow spasm (24%), and eyelid tic (22%). Several conditions relieve blepharospasm; these include sleep, relaxation, inferior gaze, artificial tears, traction on eyelids, and humming.
10
Bełka, Zdzisław. "Proweniencja ludności pochowanej na cmentarzysku oraz form odlewniczych z późnej epoki brązu na podstawie analizy izotopów strontu i neodymu / Provenance of the individuals buried at the Late Bronze Age cemetery and of the casting moulds in light of analyses of strontium and neodymium isotopes." In Gogolin-Strzebniów, stanowisko 12. Cmentarzysko kultury łużyckiej na Wyżynie Śląskiej, 125–30. Wydawnictwo i Pracownia Archeologiczna Profil-Archeo, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33547/oda-sah.11.gog.10.
Abstract:
Strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) were applied to investigate provenance of the Bronze Age population buried at cemetery in Gogolin-Strzebniów. The study used 12 samples: two human enamel samples from inhumation graves and ten samples of petrous part of temporal bone from cremation burials. Baseline information on the local Sr isotope composition was established on geological data. The human samples of ten individuals yielded a quite narrow range of Sr isotope signatures, from 0.7112 to 0.7121 (Table 1; Fig. 1). The obtained results indicate that these individuals have 87Sr/86Sr values which fits well within the range of Sr isotope signatures established for the local area. Signatures of two individuals are outside this range. The bone remains from grave 59 have a lower value of 87Sr/86Sr (0.7107), and a molar tooth of an individual from grave 63 – has a higher value (0.7128). These two individuals have been recognized as non-local. Moreover, the isotopic composition of neodymium (143Nd/144Nd) was analysed for three casting moulds found in grave 24 (Fig. 2; Table 2). The isotopes of this element are the best indicators of the origin of rocks, sediments and related materials (e.g. ceramics) so they allow not only for estimation of the geographical origin of samples, but also for determining their geological age. Because of these advantages, neodymium isotopes are the most frequently used indicator of provenance in geological research. In this method, we obtain several parameters (ratio 143Nd/144Nd, neodymium epsilon eNd, ratio 147Sm/144Nd, value of the model age TDM) for each analysed sample, which together allow for a very precise identification of the raw material origin. Mould No. 8 is made of clay. This material is characterised by an epsilon value of -12.3 and the value of model age TDM = 1.77 Ga, indicating the possibility of the local origin of the material used for the production of this tool. Mould No. 1 is made of sandstone with a model age value TDM = 2.06 Ga. In Europe, such high TDM values are associated with rocks of the East European Platform, which covers the area of Scandinavia (without Denmark), Russia, Ukraine and north-eastern Poland. During the spread of the Scandinavian ice sheet during the Pleistocene period, erratic “Scandinavian” material was transported to Central Europe. In Poland, post-glacial sediments, often containing various erratics, are common in the area of nearly 90% of the territory. Therefore, it is very likely that the sandstone used to produce mould No. 1 was obtained from local Scandinavian materials. Mould No. 3 was made of sandstone, which has similar values of eNd and a similar 143Nd/144Nd ratio as mould No. 1. It cannot therefore be ruled out that this sandstone is also derived from the Scandinavian materials. However, a fully reliable interpretation of this artefact is impossible, because the rock has an unnaturally low of 147Sm/144Nd ratio and therefore its model age is also low (TDM = 1.25). Although rocks of this model age are known from other areas of the world, in Europe they are found only in Scotland. Therefore, it is very probable that the low ratio of 147Sm/144Nd is the result of the secondary removal of the samarium from this rock, most likely during the interaction with hot metal (bronze).
Conference papers on the topic "599.636 2":
1
Shah, Utkarsh, and Piyush Prasad. "Fitness for Service Assessment of Carbon Steel Vessel With Localized Deformation During PWHT." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93457.
Abstract:
Abstract Post weld heat treatment (PWHT) is applied to welded pressure vessels and piping to relieve residual stress built up during welding. During the PWHT, pressure vessel made of carbon steel is heated up to a minimum temperature of 595 °C for a holding period as required based on the thickness (Refer ASME Section VIII, Division 1, UCS 56) [1]. However, for equipment susceptible to carbonate stress corrosion cracking, PWHT is required irrespective of thickness at a temperature range of 649 °C to 663 °C as per WRC 452 [2]. A process column built in 1983 and operating in carbonate stress corrosion cracking environment was observed to have widespread corrosion under insulation at reboiler supports. Material of construction for the column was SM41B (Japanese Industry Standards Carbon Steel). Four Insert plates of various sizes were welded at same circumferential band during turnaround. The insert plate repair sizes were relatively large. Local PWHT was required to be performed with the equipment in vertical condition. Due to risk of uneven temperature distribution and resultant local thermal stresses, spot PWHT or Bulls-eye method of PWHT was not considered. Full circumferential local PWHT was considered for this equipment. During the actual PWHT process, localized overheating occurred, and some areas of deformation were observed in the equipment. A multi discipline review was performed to understand the root cause of the localized overheating and subsequent deformation. This paper describes the methodology and results of the fitness-for-service (FFS) assessments that were performed based on API 579-1/ ASME FFS-1, 2016 [3] to assess the integrity of the column. Based on the assessment performed, the equipment was found to be fit for service and continued safe operations.
2
Prueter, Phillip E., Katelyn J. Smith, Brian Macejko, and Kraig S. Shipley. "Commentary on Recent Changes in ASME B31.3 Post Weld Heat Treatment Requirements and the Effectiveness of Weld Preheat." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65859.
Abstract:
The 2014 Edition of ASME B31.3, Process Piping [1], introduced significant changes to the post weld heat treatment (PWHT) requirements for P-No. 1 carbon steel materials. In particular, PWHT is no longer a mandatory requirement for any wall thickness provided that multi-pass welding is employed for wall thicknesses greater than 5 mm (3/16 of an inch) and a minimum preheat of 95°C (200°F) is implemented for wall thicknesses greater than 25 mm (1 inch). Detailed fracture mechanics analyses have shown that the lack of a mandatory PWHT requirement for thicker P-No. 1 components may result in a significant increase in risk for brittle fracture failures due to near-yield level weld residual stresses. Given the concern throughout the pressure vessel and piping community regarding potential brittle fracture failures, this updated PWHT guidance is examined. Impact testing requirements and exemption curves were introduced in the 1987 Addenda [2] of ASME Section VIII Division 1 (VIII-1) [3] in Paragraph UCS-66 and extended into ASME Section VIII Division 2 (VIII-2) [4]. During the VIII-2 rewrite in 2007 [5], the available technical and historical basis for the UCS-66 exemption curves was examined and improved to reflect modern fracture mechanics standards. The result of that effort was a systematic approach that can be modified for particular geometries and assumed flaws, if desired. The method used the most modern, fracture mechanics approach for welds in API 579-1/ASME FFS-1, Fitness-For-Service, (API 579) [6] based on the failure assessment diagram (FAD). As a result of explicitly accounting for weld residual stress, two separate sets of exemption curves are provided in VIII-2 [4]; one set for as-welded components and another set for PWHT components. In this paper, a similar approach is summarized to generate exemption curves by establishing newer as-welded and PWHT curves using the Fracture Toughness Master Curve (Master Curve) as documented in upcoming Welding Research Council (WRC) Bulletin 562 [7]. The increased propensity for brittle fracture in as-welded components versus PWHT components is clearly highlighted using this approach. The Master Curve, in conjunction with the elastic-plastic fracture mechanics employed in API 579 [6] provides a means to develop exemptions curves anchored in state-of-the-art fracture toughness technology that can be directly tied to different reference flaw sizes. Additionally, commentary on the appropriateness of the current ASME B31.3 [1] PWHT requirements is offered and the effectiveness of using weld preheat in lieu of PWHT as permitted in the National Board Inspection Code (NBIC) [8] is examined using simplified computational weld analysis.
3
Redaelli, R., F. Baudo, B. Busnach, T. M. Caimi, L. Perrino, L. Pezzetti, and F. deCataldo. "LUPUS ANTICOAGULANT (LA) COEXISTENT WITH TRANSIENT PROTHROMBIN (FII) INHIBITOR: FTI DEFICIENCY DUE TO CLEARANCE OF THE B/MUNOCOMPLEX." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644240.
Abstract:
23 y.o. man with acute nephritis and bleeding (epistaxis, ecchymosis) at presen-taticn. Family and personal past history negative for bleeding. Laboratory data consistent with SLE. Coagulation tests: FT Ratio (R) 1.8, aPTT R 2.4, FII:C <1%, FIIR:Ag 996, other coagulation factors normal. Tissue thromboplastin inhibition test (TTIT) R 2.8, congenital FII deficiency (696) R 1.6.1. FII survival time (Fll-ccncentrate infusion - 60 U/kg) t1/2: 9 hours.2. FII neutralizing activity (FTI:C normal plasma (NP) + buffer 5996; NP + patient plasna {PtP) 5096): absent.3. Irmunoccrplex formaticn4. FII inhibitor characterization (purified FII coupled to CNBr-activatedSepharose →PtP incubation with Fll-Sepharose→specific antiFII irrrrunoglobulins (Ig)* elution at acid pH→identification by double iimunodifftision): precipitin line with anti IgA, anti IgG2, anti k, anti 1.5. LA characterization (after FII inhibitor disappearance): TTTT on mixtures NP + PtP or N Ig in equal volumes.Diagnosis: SIE, LA (IgG); polyclonal (IgA, IgG2, k, 1) not neutralizing FII inhibitor; hypoprothrxmbinemia due to clearance of the irrrrunocorrplex.FII inhibitor was transient. Bleeding was rapidly controlled by replacement therapy. LA persits after FII inhibitor disappearance.
4
Lipinska, I., C. Perlgrund, T. Wharton, and Y. Gurewich. "FIBRINOGEN HETEROGENEITY AND FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN AN6I0GRAPHICALLY ASSESSED CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD)." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643027.
Abstract:
Human plasma was shown previously to contain three forms of thrombin clottable protein: high molecular (HMW) and two lower molecular weight fibrinogen (LMW and LMW*) , the percentage of which in healthy subject is 69, 28 and 32 respectively. Significant abnormalities in the proportion of fibrinogen (Fgb) fractions were observed post–surgically, in cancer, and in patients with myocardial infarction and liver diseases. The aim of this study was to determine Fbg fractions and fibrinolytic activity (FA) in patients with and without proven coronary occlusion. Group I consisted of 21 symptomatic patients without significant coronary obstruction. Group II comprised 116 patients (94 men and 43 women; mean age 65 and 59 y. respectively) who were shown by angiographical examination to have coronary artery occlusions. Plasma Fbg fractions were determined by 3.52 SDS–PA6E of washed fibrin nonstabilized clots dissolved in 8M urea. Quantitation of the fractions were perfomed by densitometric scanning and expressed as percent of total. Fibrinolytic activity was measured in euglobulin fraction using fibrin plate technique. Mean values for HMW, LMW and LMW’ fibrinogen fractions were 64.4±4, 28.8±2 and 6.6±1 for Group I, and 62.5±5, 29.8±3 and 7.7± 1 for Group II respectively. Fibrinolytic activity in Group I and II was 66±26 and 39±24mm2 respectively as compared to 86±35 in healthy subjects. The statistically significant differences between Group I and II were observed for HMW and LMW fractions (p<0.03) and for FA (p<0.001). These results indicate that measurement of blood FA can be useful in the identification of individuals at risk for coronary artery disease. It is also concluded that degradation of plasma fibrinogen is not related to the fibrinolytic activty of blood, but is caused by some other mechanism, as yet not known.
5
Salgado, Amanda Forte Mendes Tejo, Maria Eduarda Borges Kerstenetzky, Vitoria Ferreira David Melquiades, Marcelo Ramos Tejo Salgado, and Leuridan Cavalcante Torres. "ANALYSIS OF CD80- AND CD86-EXPRESSING B-LYMPHOCYTE LEVELS IN THE BLOOD OF WOMEN WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED TRIPLENEGATIVE BREAST CANCER." In Abstracts from the Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium - BBCS 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s2021.
Abstract:
Objective: To assess the levels of CD80 and CD86-expressing B lymphocytes in the blood of women with locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methods: This is a prospective and exploratory cohort study involving 30 women with TNBC and 30 healthy controls, conducted in 2018–2019. Peripheral blood collection was performed prior to chemotherapy. Immunophenotyping of B lymphocytes and CD80 and CD86 molecules was performed by flow cytometry. Women were evaluated for the degree of pathological response to chemotherapy and divided into groups with full (RC) or partial (RP) pathological response. Nonparametric Mann–Whitney U-test was used for comparison between two groups. Values of p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Analyses were performed using Graphpad v7.0 software. Results: We analyzed 30 patients with locally advanced TNBC. The age of the patients ranged from 27 to 59 years, and median age was 44.5 years (35.5–51.7). Regarding menopausal status, 62.1% were premenopausal and 37.9% postmenopausal. Regarding the nuclear grade, 63% of the tumors were grade 3, followed by 27% grade 2. In relation to the clinical stage, 30% were in stage IIIA, 63.4% stage IIIB, and 6.6% stage IIIC. In the evaluation of response to neoadjuvant treatment, 56.7% of patients had complete pathological response, and 43.3% had partial response. TNBC patients had high levels of CD86 + B lymphocytes when compared with controls (p <0.0001). Regarding total B and CD80 + B levels—no significant differences were observed between the groups. In the analysis of CD86 and CD80 expression and total B cell levels, no significant differences were observed between the RC and RP groups. Conclusion: This study showed that the immune system of patients with TNBC can regulate costimulatory molecules in circulating B cells, probably in response to the disease.
6
Thomas, David, Emma Bermingham, Mark Roberts, and Wayne Young. "An investigation into the effect of high fat and carbohydrate diets on a range of biomarkers associated with pancreatitis in dogs." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/uvdt4784.
Abstract:
Studies suggest that dogs preferentially choose fat as their major dietary energy source (59-63% of the total metabolisable energy (ME) content of the diet). However, high fat diets have been linked to the development of pancreatitis in dogs. This study investigated several biomarkers associated with pancreatitis in dogs fed either a high fat (HF; Protein: Fat: Carbohydrate content; 35%:63%:2% ME; n= 10 dogs) or high carbohydrate (HC; Protein: Fat: Carbohydrate content; 17%:32%:51% ME) diet.A high fat meal tolerance test (MTT) was undertaken on dogs (n=20) at baseline consuming a commercial dry food diet (Protein: Fat: Carbohydrate content; 23%:25%:52% on an ME basis) and then again after 8 weeks consuming either a HF (n=10) or HC (n=10) diet. Briefly, after an overnight fast, dogs were fed a single meal containing 100% of their daily requirements (P: F: C content; 35%:63%:2% ME). Each dog was then blood sampled 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 12, and 24 hours post-prandially. Samples were analysed for plasma triglycerides and markers of pancreatitis (i.e., pancreatic lipase, endotoxin, C-reactive protein, Interleukin 1-alpha, Interleukin 6 and Tumour necrosis factor-alpha). The postprandial peak plasma concentration of triglycerides (Cmax) were higher (p less than 0.001) at baseline, compared to after feeding of the either the HC or HF diets for 8 weeks. This suggests dietary components such as moisture level, specific ingredients, level of diet processing, and possibly apparent nutrient digestibility were potential factors driving this response. There was no effect of feeding either HF or HC diets on Cmax values (P >0.05) during the final MTT. This study suggests that feeding a HF diet for 8 weeks does not elevate blood markers associated with pancreatitis, with the serum biochemistry and complete blood count indicating the dogs remained clinically healthy.
7
Oizumi, Roberto Ferreira, Katy Regina da Silva Luz, Gisele Cirico, Aline Ferreira Leite Revers, Diana Mara Gaboardi, Edina Joana Soares, Josana Aparecida Dranka Horvath, Wanila Arroyo Luiz Pitondo, Marcia Claudete Weschenfelder, and Luciana Osório Cavalli. "Avaliação da resposta ao tratamento para hepatite C crônica em um centro especializado do Sul do Brasil nos anos de 2018 a 2020." In XIII Congresso da Sociedade Brasileira de DST - IX Congresso Brasileiro de AIDS - IV Congresso Latino Americano de IST/HIV/AIDS. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/dst-2177-8264-202133p098.
Abstract:
Introdução: Os novos antivirais de ação direta modificaram radicalmente o panorama da hepatite C. Medicamentos bem tolerados e seguros, possibilitando tratamentos curtos e eficazes. Objetivo: Avaliar a resposta virológica sustentada dos portadores de hepatite C crônica tratados no Centro Especializado de Doenças Infecto-Parasitárias de Cascavel (PR) de 2018 a 2020 e estratificá-los conforme sexo, idade, genótipo, fibrose hepática e coinfecção com vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva dos prontuários de pacientes tratados por hepatite C crônica de 01/01/2018 a 31/12/2020 no Centro Especializado de Doenças Infecto-Parasitárias de Cascavel. As informações foram coletadas utilizando uma tabela contendo as variáveis. Os dados foram digitados em planilha eletrônica do programa LibreOffice Calc, procedendo-se à análise descritiva. Resultados: No período avaliado foram tratados 101 pacientes, 64 (63%) homens e 37 (37%) mulheres. Predominou a faixa etária entre 40 e 59 anos com 64 pacientes (63%), 22 (22%) tinham 60 anos ou mais e 15 (15%) entre 18 e 39 anos. Houve predomínio do genótipo 1 com 59 pacientes (58%), seguido pelo genótipo 3 em 39 (39%) e genótipo 2 em 3 (3%). Apenas três pacientes (3%) apresentavam coinfecção por vírus da imunodeficiência humana/vírus da hepatite C. A maioria dos pacientes não apresentava diagnóstico de cirrose hepática, totalizando 84 (83%), enquanto 17 (17%) eram cirróticos. Os tratamentos administrados, em sua maioria, tiveram duração de 12 semanas: 94 (93%). Cinco (5%) tiveram duração de 24 semanas e dois (2%) de oito semanas. Atingiram resposta virológica sustentada 87 pacientes (86%), um paciente (1%) não alcançou resposta virológica sustentada, cinco foram a óbito durante ou poucas semanas após o término do tratamento e oito (8%) não retornaram até o momento para avaliação da resposta. Conclusão: Considerando os pacientes que concluíram o tratamento e realizaram avaliação da resposta virológica sustentada, a taxa encontrada foi de 98,8%, em conformidade com os resultados encontrados na literatura médica.
8
Ito, Yuzuru, Masahiro Saito, Qunjia Peng, Jiro Kuniya, and Tetsuo Shoji. "Influencing Factors for Improving Accuracy in Prediction of Stress Corrosion Crack Growth Rate in Boiling Water Reactor Operational Condition: Part 2—The Effect of Single Overload on SCC Growth Behavior." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-26121.
Abstract:
The effect of a single overload on SCC growth behavior was addressed in this study by SCC testing using a CDCB specimen and an ACPD technique under simulated BWR water. The ratio of the stress intensity factors KOL/KSCC test, i.e. that of the single overload, KOL, divided by that of the SCC testing, KSCC_test, is defined as a single overload level in this study. With this in mind, changes in ACPDs, i.e. those regarded as the SCC growth behaviors, were measured after single overload levels of 1.05, 1.10, 1.20 and 1.50 respectively were applied. Retardations of SCC growth behavior were observed at the single overload levels of 1.10, 1.20, and 1.50, since the ACPDRs were reduced following the application of single overload levels without significant variations in water quality factors, such as electric conductivity and the DO concentration in the simulated BWR water. Therefore, it emerged that applying single overload levels of 1.10, 1.20, and 1.50 reduced the SCC growth rate, since the ACPDR proportional to the SCC growth rate was reduced following the single overload application. The ACPDR after the single overloads were reduced by about 14, 59 and 66% at single overload levels of 1.10, 1.20 and 1.50, respectively.
9
Salgado, Amanda Forte Mendes Tejo. "ANALYSIS OF CD80 AND CD86-EXPRESSING B LYMPHOCYTE LEVELS IN THE BLOOD OF WOMEN WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED TRIPLE NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1053.
Abstract:
Introduction: Breast Cancer was the second most common malignant neoplasm and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide in 2018; it can be classified according to the immunohistochemical pattern in four main tumor subtypes, with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) being the most aggressive subtype with the worst prognosis, representing a public health problem. With the advancement of knowledge about the biology of tumors, the importance of understanding the interactions between the tumor, the tumor microenvironment and immune system cells has come to light, especially the role of CD80 and CD86 co-stimulator molecules in the activation of TCD4+ lymphocytes, cytokine production and proliferation of these cells against tumor antigens. Objectives: To assess the levels of CD80 and CD86-expressing B lymphocytes in the blood of women with locally advanced triple negative breast cancer. Methods: This is a prospective and exploratory cohort study of 30 women with triple negative breast cancer and 30 healthy controls, conducted in 2018– 2019. Peripheral blood collection was performed prior to chemotherapy. Immunophenotyping of B lymphocytes and CD80 and CD86 molecules was performed by flow cytometry. Women were evaluated for the degree of pathological response to chemotherapy, and were divided into groups with full (RC) or partial (RP) pathological response. Nonparametric MannWhitney tests were used for comparison between the two groups. Values of p <0.05 were considered significant. Analyzes were performed using Graphpad v7.0 software. Results: We analyzed 30 patients with locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer. The age of the patients ranged from 27 to 59 years, median age was 44.5 years (35.5–51.7), most patients were in the age group ≤50 years (43.3%). Regarding menopausal status, 62.1% were premenopausal and 37.9% postmenopausal. Regarding the nuclear grade, 63% of the tumors were grade 3, followed by 27% grade 2. In relation to clinical stage, 30% were in stage IIIA, 63.4% stage IIIB and 6.6% stage IIIC. In the evaluation of response to neoadjuvant treatment, 56.7% of patients had complete pathological response, and 43.3% partial response. TNBC patients had high levels of CD86 + B lymphocytes when compared to controls (p <0.0001). Regarding total B and CD80 + B levels - no significant differences were observed between the groups. In the analysis of CD86 and CD80 expression and total B cell levels, no significant differences were observed between the RC and RP groups. Conclusions: This study showed that the immune system of patients with triple negative breast cancer is able to regulate costimulatory molecules in circulating B.
10
Yan, Jason, Shenwei Zhang, Shahani Kariyawasam, Maria Pino, and Taojun Liu. "Validate Crack Assessment Models With In-Service and Hydrotest Failures." In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78251.
Abstract:
Crack or crack-like anomaly is one of the major threats to the safety and structural integrity of oil and gas pipelines. Various assessment models have been developed and used within pipeline industry to predict the burst capacity for pipelines containing longitudinally-oriented surface cracks. These models have different level of conservatism, accuracy, and precision which significantly impacts pipeline operators’ integrity mitigation decisions such as pressure restriction, excavation, and repair, and also lead to different level of safety. This paper compares the accuracy and precision of the most commonly used crack assessment models, i.e. Modified Ln-Sec, CorLAS, API 579 Level 2 and the recent-published PRCI MAT-8 model using in-service and hydrostatic testing failure data. A total number of 12 in-service and 63 hydrostatic test pipe ruptures due to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) with actual burst pressure, material property, and detailed crack size measurements are collected, and used to derive the probabilistic characteristics of the model errors associated with each model. Compared to the burst tests conducted in the laboratory and investigated in other previous studies, the results obtained from in-service and hydrostatic test ruptures are more representative of the real boundary conditions in pipeline operation. All the assumptions and empirical correlations associated with each model are discussed in details. The analysis result suggests that CorLAS is the most accurate model with the least uncertainty (or highest precision). Mitigation activities can be optimized without compromising safety by using the most accurate and precise model.
Reports on the topic "599.636 2":
1
Farahbod, A. M., and J. F. Cassidy. Temporal variations in coda Q before and after the 2017 Barrow Strait earthquake (Mw 5.9) in Nunavut and the 2012 Haida Gwaii earthquake (Mw 7.8) in British Columbia. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331095.
Abstract:
In this study, we examine potential temporal changes in coda Q values for two significant Canadian earthquakes in different tectonic environments: the 2017 (Mw 5.9) Barrow Strait earthquake along Canada's northern margin and the 2012 (Mw 7.8) Haida Gwaii subduction earthquake on Canada's west coast. Waveforms from 124 earthquakes (2.0 &lt;/= M &lt;/= 4.6) for ~30 years prior to the January 8, 2017 Barrow Strait earthquake and 66 events (mainly aftershocks of M 2.0-5.3) in about 4 years after the mainshock recorded by the closest seismic station (RES) of the Canadian National Seismograph Network (CNSN) were utilized in this study. Based on our analysis, overall average of Q0 (Q at 1 Hz) decreased from 92 (before the mainshock) to 81. The most significant decrease in the frequency range between 2 and 16 Hz is observed for areas corresponding to ellipse parameter a2 of 50, 70 and 80 mainly related to aftershock activity. Precursory Q changes could not be evaluated before the mainshock due to the lack of reported seismicity within 100 km of the recording seismic station for almost 2 years from April 2015 to January 2017. Coda Q values before and after the October 28, 2012 Haida Gwaii earthquake in British Columbia show a similar pattern. Waveforms from 249 earthquakes (2.0 &lt;/= M &lt;/= 4.9) in 2 years before the mainshock and 498 events (2.5 &lt;/= M &lt;/= 6.3) in 2 years after the mainshock recorded by the three closest seismic stations of the CNSN were utilized. Overall average of Q0 decreased from 89 (before the mainshock) to 69 (station BNB), from 90 to 79 (station DIB) and from 86 to 78 (station VIB). In general, these results are in agreement with other global studies that show a decrease in Q0 following a major earthquake, likely the result of increased fracturing and fluids in the epicentral region.
2
Chou, Roger, Jesse Wagner, Azrah Y. Ahmed, Benjamin J. Morasco, Devan Kansagara, Shelley Selph, Rebecca Holmes, and Rongwei Fu. Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for iii Chronic Pain: 2022 Update. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer250update2022.
Abstract:
Objectives. To update the evidence on benefits and harms of cannabinoids and similar plant-based compounds to treat chronic pain using a living systematic review approach. Data sources. Ovid® MEDLINE®, PsycINFO®, Embase®, the Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS® databases; reference lists of included studies; and submissions received after Federal Register request were searched to April 4, 2022. Review methods. Using dual review, we screened search results for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies of patients with chronic pain evaluating cannabis, kratom, and similar compounds with any comparison group and at least 1 month of treatment or followup. Dual review was used to abstract study data, assess study-level risk of bias, and rate the strength of evidence (SOE). Prioritized outcomes included pain, overall function, and adverse events. We grouped studies that assessed tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and/or cannabidiol (CBD) based on their THC to CBD ratio and categorized them as comparable THC to CBD ratio, high-THC to CBD ratio, and low-THC to CBD ratio. We also grouped studies by whether the product was a whole-plant product (cannabis), cannabinoids extracted or purified from a whole plant, or a synthetic product. We conducted meta-analyses using the profile likelihood random effects model and assessed between-study heterogeneity using Cochran’s Q statistic chi square test and the I2 statistic. Magnitude of benefit was categorized as no effect or small, moderate, and large effects. Results. From 3,283 abstracts, 21 RCTs (N=1,905) and 8 observational studies (N=13,769) assessing different cannabinoids were included; none evaluated kratom. Studies were primarily short term, and 59 percent enrolled patients with neuropathic pain. Comparators were primarily placebo or usual care. The SOE was low unless otherwise noted. Compared with placebo, comparable THC to CBD ratio oral spray was associated with a small benefit in change in pain severity (7 RCTs, N=632, 0 to10 scale, mean difference [MD] −0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.95 to −0.19, I2=39%; SOE: moderate) and overall function (6 RCTs, N=616, 0 to 10 scale, MD −0.42, 95% CI −0.73 to −0.16, I2=32%). There was no effect on study withdrawals due to adverse events. There was a large increased risk of dizziness and sedation, and a moderate increased risk of nausea (dizziness: 6 RCTs, N=866, 31.0% vs. 8.0%, relative risk [RR] 3.57, 95% CI 2.42 to 5.60, I2=0%; sedation: 6 RCTs, N=866, 8.0% vs. 1.2%, RR 5.04, 95% CI 2.10 to 11.89, I2=0%; and nausea: 6 RCTs, N=866, 13% vs. 7.5%, RR 1.79, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.77, I2=0%). Synthetic products with high-THC to CBD ratios were associated with a moderate improvement in pain severity, a moderate increase in sedation, and a large increase in nausea (pain: 6 RCTs, N=390, 0 to 10 scale, MD −1.15, 95% CI −1.99 to −0.54, I2=48%; sedation: 3 RCTs, N=335, 19% vs. 10%, RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.03 to 4.63, I2=28%; nausea: 2 RCTs, N=302, 12.3% vs. 6.1%, RR 2.19, 95% CI 0.77 to 5.39; I²=0%). We also found moderate SOE for a large increased risk of dizziness (2 RCTs, 32% vs. 11%, RR 2.74, 95% CI 1.47 to 6.86, I2=40%). Extracted whole-plant products with high-THC to CBD ratios (oral) were associated with a large increased risk of study withdrawal due to adverse events (1 RCT, 13.9% vs. 5.7%, RR 3.12, 95% CI 1.54 to 6.33) and dizziness (1 RCT, 62.2% vs. 7.5%, RR 8.34, 95% CI 4.53 to 15.34); outcomes assessing benefit were not reported or insufficient. We observed a moderate improvement in pain severity when combining all studies of high-THC to CBD ratio (8 RCTs, N=684, MD −1.25, 95% CI −2.09 to −0.71, I2=58%; SOE: moderate). Evidence (including observational studies) on whole-plant cannabis, topical or oral CBD, low-THC to CBD, other cannabinoids, comparisons with active products or between cannabis-related products, and impact on use of opioids was insufficient to draw conclusions. Other important harms (psychosis, cannabis use disorder, and cognitive effects) were not reported. Conclusions. Low to moderate strength evidence suggests small to moderate improvements in pain (mostly neuropathic), and moderate to large increases in common adverse events (dizziness, sedation, nausea) with high- and comparable THC to CBD ratio extracted cannabinoids and synthetic products during short-term treatment (1 to 6 months); high-THC to CBD ratio products were also associated with increased risk of withdrawal due to adverse events. Evidence for whole-plant cannabis and other comparisons, outcomes, and plant-based compounds was unavailable or insufficient to draw conclusions. Small sample sizes, lack of evidence for moderate and long-term use and other key outcomes, such as other adverse events and impact on use of opioids during treatment, indicate that more research is needed.