Relevant bibliographies by topics / Aging in chlorinated water

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Aging in chlorinated water'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 31 May 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Aging in chlorinated water"

1

Fischer, Joerg, Reinhold Lang, Patrick Bradler, Paul Freudenthaler, Wolfgang Buchberger, and Susan Mantell. "Global and Local Aging in Differently Stabilized Polypropylenes Exposed to Hot Chlorinated Water with and without Superimposed Mechanical-Environmental Loads." Polymers 11, no. 7 (2019): 1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11071165.

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The influence of chlorinated water on the global and local aging behavior of polypropylene (PP) was investigated for three differently stabilized PP grades consisting of the same PP base polymer. While one of the PP grades contained only a processing stabilizer (PP-S0), the other two were modified with a primary phenolic antioxidant (PP-S1) and a combination of a primary phenolic antioxidant and a hindered amine stabilizer (PP-S3). To study global aging effects, micro-sized specimens were pre-exposed to chlorinated water (5 mg/L free chlorine) at 60 °C for up to 750 h. Over the entire exposure
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Fischer, Joerg, Paul Freudenthaler, Reinhold Lang, Wolfgang Buchberger, and Susan Mantell. "Chlorinated Water Induced Aging of Pipe Grade Polypropylene Random Copolymers." Polymers 11, no. 6 (2019): 996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11060996.

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Polypropylene random copolymers (PP-R) are common materials for pressurized hot water pipes. In many pipe systems, potable water is disinfected by chlorine to prevent waterborne diseases. This paper deals with hot chlorinated water induced aging of two PP-R grades with varying morphology. One material had a conventional monoclinic α crystal form (PP-Rα), whereas the other was explicitly beta-nucleated resulting in a trigonal β crystal form with a fine spherulite structure (PP-Rβ). Micro-sized specimens with a thickness of 100 µm were used for aging experiments at 60 °C in chlorinated water wit
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Potočić Matković, Vesna Marija, Ivana Salopek Čubrić, and Katarina Krstović. "The Impact of Chlorinated Water and Sun Exposure on the Durability and Performance of Swimwear Materials." Polymers 16, no. 21 (2024): 3050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16213050.

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Understanding the factors that affect how materials age is essential for creating a durable product with long-lasting properties. It is also important to prioritize defining aging parameters that reflect the real-world conditions the materials will encounter. For this study, a range of swimwear materials were selected consisting of a blend of polymer (polyamide/polyester) and elastane in varying ratios. In order to simulate aging conditions, materials were immersed in chlorinated outdoor pool water during the summer season, either in shade or the sun, for 200 and 300 h. The materials were test
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Kountouris, N., N. Makris, D. Ioannidou, et al. "Characterisation of TCP precipitation sequences of superaustenitic stainless steel and correlation with electrochemical and mechanical properties." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2692, no. 1 (2024): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2692/1/012001.

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Abstract This study investigates the influence of precipitation sequences formed at critical high-temperature range for various ageing time of super austenitic stainless steel 654SMO against the evolution of its corrosive resistance performance through the microstructural characterization, hardness and electrochemical corrosion testing. The specific type of stainless-steel alloy is one of the most corrosion resistant along with exceptional mechanical properties, tailor-made for pressurized and erosive systems handling chlorinated sea water, plate heat exchangers, and fuel gas cleaning applicat
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Fischer, Joerg, Susan C. Mantell, Patrick R. Bradler, Gernot M. Wallner, and Reinhold W. Lang. "Effect of aging in hot chlorinated water on the mechanical behavior of polypropylene grades differing in their stabilizer systems." Materials Today: Proceedings 10 (2019): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.03.001.

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Soponkanaporn, Teerapon, and Ronald Gehr. "The Degradation of Polyelectrolytes in the Environment: Insights Provided by Size Exclusion Chromatography Measurements." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 8-9 (1989): 857–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0288.

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Using a recently developed method for analysing high molecular weight polyelectrolytes by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), the degradation due to ageing, ozone, chlorine, and biological processes, of a commercially available cationic polyelectrolyte, was investigated. These polyelectrolytes are widely used in water and wastewater treatment, and residuals discharged into drinking water or into natural water bodies could be subjected to one or more of the above-mentioned degradation processes. In general, degradation rate increased with decreasing concentration, increasing pH, and increasing
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Mohanadas, P. N., T. Mukundan, and T. Santhanakrishnan. "Low Temperature Vulcanisation Technique for CR BIIR Blend for Encapsulation of Oceanic Sensors." Defence Science Journal 70, no. 2 (2020): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.70.14321.

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Blend of chloroprene rubber (CR) and bromobutyl rubber (BIIR) is used for encapsulation of piezo sensors used in sea water. Conventional encapsulation method of these sensors involving high temperature vulcanisation (HTV) often leads to deterioration of piezo properties due to thermal degradation. This paper reports a low temperature vulcanisation (LTV) technique carried out at 90 °C for CR-BIIR blend using chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) as compatibiliser and LTV system consisting of modified di-o-tolyl guanidine and thiocarbanilide as accelerators and ZnO as curing agent. The conventionally u
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Castillo Montes, J., D. Cadoux, J. Creus, S. Touzain, E. Gaudichet-Maurin, and O. Correc. "Ageing of polyethylene at raised temperature in contact with chlorinated sanitary hot water. Part I – Chemical aspects." Polymer Degradation and Stability 97, no. 2 (2012): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.11.007.

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Turri, Rafael Gustavo, Milena Kowalczuk Manosso Amorim, Tayan Vieira Hadich, et al. "Effects of Aging on Chlorinated Plasma Polymers." Materials Research 20, no. 4 (2017): 862–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2016-0667.

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Kamal, Huda, and Imran Hashmi. "Water quality assessment of Raw and Chlorinated drinking water of a Residential University." NUST Journal of Engineering Sciences 14, no. 1 (2021): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24949/njes.v14i1.633.

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The safety of water is essential for life on earth. Drinking contaminated water can give rise to many health issues. Tohighlight the major causes of contamination in water, this study was carried out to determine the physicochemical andbacteriological quality of raw and chlorinated water. Raw and chlorinated water samples were obtained from three locations (zones) of a residential university (National University of Sciences and Technology, NUST). Ten physicochemicalparameters were analyzed (pH, Electrical conductivity, Turbidity, Dissolved oxygen, Hardness, Alkalinity, Total suspendedsolids, T
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Aging in chlorinated water"

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Perrier, Nicolas. "Durabilité en eau chlorée d’un revêtement PEAA sur fonte : impact de la microstructure." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENSAM, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025ENAME003.

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Saint-Gobain Pont-à-Mousson produit des canalisations en fonte ductile destinées aux réseaux d’eau potable. Ces tuyaux sont revêtus intérieurement d’un copolymère thermoplastique, le poly(éthylène-co-acide acrylique), pour lequel les propriétés barrière sont indispensables dans la protection de la fonte contre la corrosion. Or, en certains points du réseau de distribution, l’hypochlorite de sodium est injecté afin d’assurer la potabilité de l’eau, ce qui peut limiter fortement la capacité du revêtement à protéger la fonte et impose donc une durée d’utilisation. Cette thèse étudie alors les méc
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Yan, Yuejun. "Abiotic remediation of ground water contaminated by chlorinated solvents /." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487949508372653.

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Weissenborn, Richard Carl 1952. "Apparent fate of recharged nonpurgeable chlorinated organics." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276786.

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Secondary effluent from the Roger Road Wastewater Treatment Plant undergoes tertiary treatment of dual media filtration and chlorination. The tertiary effluent is recharged and subsequently extracted for irrigation in Tucson, Arizona. The fate of chlorinated organics in this recharge system was investigated in this research. Nonpurgeable organic carbon was found to reach a constant level in the groundwater after being recharged. Not all of the organic carbon was removed from the water. Nonpurgeable organic halogens increased as they flowed away from the recharge basins. Reasons for this increa
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Chavez-Rivera, Rafael Alfredo. "A biofilm reactor for degradation of chlorinated hydrocarbons." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339503.

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Driedger, Suzanne Michelle. "From science to policy practice and public discourse : claimsmaking and chlorinated drinking water /." *McMaster only, 2001.

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Zhou, Xinyi. "Manganese Accumulation and its Control in Chlorinated Drinking Water Distribution System." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/259737.

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Prytula, Mark Taras. "Bioavailability and microbial dehalogenation of chlorinated benzenes sorbed to estuarine sediments." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32835.

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Lachance, Russell Philip. "Oxidation and hydrolysis reactions in supercritical water : chlorinated hydrocarbons and organosulfur compounds." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33533.

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Shriner, Katherine Ann. "Strategies for reducing the mutagen content of chlorinated aqueous media." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50093.

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In anticipation of government mandates regulating the quantity of the toxic mutagen, 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone, which can be released into potable waters or from industrial facilities, technologies for monitoring the concentration, reducing the quantity, and inhibiting the formation of this compound were investigated. Adsorption of the chlorinated hydroxyfuranone from laboratory systems (pH 7.2, 22°) utilizing the non-polar, polymeric resin, Amberlite XAD-4, was successful. As these system conditions are comparable to those present in drinking water treatment facilit
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Morrison, Candice N. "Innovative Methods for Characterizing Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds in the Vadose Zone." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/333041.

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Chlorinated solvents, such as tetrachloroethene (PCE), trichloroethene (TCE), and carbon tetrachloride (CT), are primary contaminants of concern for a vast majority of federal and state Superfund sites in the US due to their prior widespread use as solvents for numerous industrial and commercial applications. Source-zones containing large quantities of contaminant are typically present at sites contaminated by chlorinated solvents. Particularly in regions such as the SW US, these source zones reside, at least in part, in the extensive vadose zones typical of these regions. There are two prima
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Books on the topic "Aging in chlorinated water"

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Directorate, Canada Inland Waters. Canadian water quality guidelines for chlorinated ethanes. Inland Waters Directorate, 1991.

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Offenhartz, Barbara H. Enzyme-based detection of chlorinated hydrocarbons in water. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Laboratory, 1985.

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Offenhartz, Barbara H. Enzyme-based detection of chlorinated hydrocarbons in water. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Laboratory, 1985.

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Offenhartz, Barbara H. Enzyme-based detection of chlorinated hydrocarbons in water. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Laboratory, 1985.

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Offenhartz, Barbara H. Enzyme-based detection of chlorinated hydrocarbons in water. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Laboratory, 1985.

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Offenhartz, Barbara H. Enzyme-based detection of chlorinated hydrocarbons in water. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Laboratory, 1985.

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7

Wesén, Clas. Chlorinated fatty acids in fish lipids. [Lund University], 1995.

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Man, Chau Jimmy, and Water Engineering Research Laboratory, eds. The fate of chromium (III) in chlorinated water: Project summary. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Engineering Research Laboratory, 1988.

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Sacher, Frank. Brominated and chlorinated flame retardants: Relevance for drinking water utilities. Water Research Foundation, 2011.

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A, Speed Mark, and Water Engineering Research Laboratory, eds. Treatment alternatives for controlling chlorinated organic contaminants in drinking water. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Engineering Research Laboratory, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Aging in chlorinated water"

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Nguyen, Huy Quang, Zhihua Liang, and Zhiqiang Hu. "Nanoparticles for Treatment of Chlorinated Organic Contaminants." In Nanotechnologies for Water Environment Applications. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784410301.ch04.

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Ensley, Harry E., Hari A. Sharma, John T. Barber, and Michael A. Polito. "Metabolism of Chlorinated Phenols byLemna gibba, Duckweed." In Phytoremediation of Soil and Water Contaminants. American Chemical Society, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1997-0664.ch017.

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Reiff, Theodore R. "Aging and Body Water." In Geriatric Nephrology. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4255-4_7.

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Becker, Jennifer G. "The Microbial Ecology and Bioremediation of Chlorinated Ethene-Contaminated Environments." In Women in Water Quality. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17819-2_9.

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Miller, Myron. "Water Balance in Older Persons." In Endocrinology of Aging. Humana Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-715-4_6.

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Donskoi, A. A., M. A. Shashkina, and G. E. Zaikov. "Climatic natural and artificial aging of materials." In Fire Resistant and Thermally Stable Materials Derived from Chlorinated Polyethylene. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429070723-10.

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Annen, Gunther. "Water Management in Aging Industrial Districts." In Urban Water Infrastructure. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0559-7_3.

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Alikhan, Ali, Klaus-Peter Wilhelm, Fatima S. Alikhan, and Howard I. Maibach. "Transepidermal Water Loss and Aging." In Textbook of Aging Skin. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89656-2_67.

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Nokes, C. J. "Formation of Brominated Organic Compounds in Chlorinated Drinking Water." In The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44997-3_2.

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Galassi, S., S. Valsecchi, and G. A. Tartari. "The Distribution of PCB’s and Chlorinated Pesticides in Two Connected Himalayan Lakes." In The Interactions Between Sediments and Water. Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5552-6_73.

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Conference papers on the topic "Aging in chlorinated water"

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Natishan, P. M., F. J. Martin, R. Rayne, and M. Koul. "Repassivation of Localized Corrosion Damage Using Cold, Chlorinated Salt Water." In CORROSION 2007. NACE International, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2007-07259.

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Abstract A cold, chlorinated salt water treatment has been shown to improve the service life of duplex stainless steels (ss). In this work, the cold, chlorinated treatment was extended to determine if this treatment could be used improve the corrosion resistance of 304ss (UNS S30400). The results showed that the cold, chlorinated treatment did not increase the breakdown potential of 304ss when compared to 304ss samples that had been aged in ambient temperature salt water for the same period of time. The results also show that there were significant differences in the breakdown potential of 304
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Schmitt, G., R. Feser, C. Kapsalis, K. Steinkamp, and B. Sagebiel. "CuNi Alloys in Chlorinated Substitute Ocean Water." In CORROSION 2010. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10387.

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Abstract Six weeks exposure tests were run with CuNi 70 30 (C71500) and CuNi 90 10 (70600) tubes in a flow loop with artificial ASTM seawater (pH 8.2; flow rate 0.5 m/s) at room temperature and 40°C in the absence and presence of 1 ppm hydrogen sulfide. The effect of hypochlorite addition (0.5; 1.0; 3.0 ppm; sensor controlled) was investigated on tube surfaces i) in the as-received surface condition, ii) after conditioning with additive-free artificial seawater and iii) after conditioning with artificial seawater containing 1 ppm bisulfide. The conditioning was performed for 6 weeks at room te
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Samant, A. K., V. Cherian, S. K. Chugh, and P. F. Anto. "Investigation of Failure of Fire Water Pump of Offshore Process Platform." In CORROSION 1993. NACE International, 1993. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1993-93504.

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Abstract Two fire water pumps (FWP) of Bombay Offshore failed after total running period of few hours. Detailed failure investigations were carried out on failed shaft sleeve and wear ring of fire water pump. As per specifications, the shaft sleeve should be made of Monel K-500 and impeller and wear ring of A-743 CD4MCu. Scanning electron microscopy and microstructural studies showed the presence of dendritic structure in sleeve material. The hardness value of sleeve material was found different from actual hardness of Monel K-500. Qualitative and quantitative elemental analyses of sleeve mate
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Ferrara, R. J., L. E. Taschenberg, and P. J. Moran. "The Effects of Chlorinated Seawater on Galvanic Corrosion Behavior of Alloys Used in Seawater Piping Systems." In CORROSION 1985. NACE International, 1985. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1985-85211.

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Abstract The effects of chlorinated (1 mg/l) seawater at flow velocities of 0.3 m/s and 2.4 m/s on the freely corroding and galvanic corrosion behavior of three passive film forming alloys (Ti50, Ti6Al-4V and IN625) and two non-passive film formers (CA715 and Monel) were investigated. Results show that the passive film formers exhibit a marked electropositive shift in open circuit potential in chlorinated seawater as compared to natural (non-chlorinated) seawater; while the nonpassive film formers (CA715 and Monel 400) show a slight electronegative shift in open circircuit potential in chlorin
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Wallén, Bengt, and Sture Henriksen. "Effect of Chlorination on Stainless Steels in Seawater." In CORROSION 1988. NACE International, 1988. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1988-88403.

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Abstract The effect of chlorination on the corrosion resistance of different stainless steels in North Sea water has been studied, the seawater exposures being performed at two Norwegian seawater laboratories. In one laboratory test specimens, simulating various components used in a seawater cooling system, were immersed in the water. In the other laboratory a pipe system containing real components was studied. Seawater temperature, chlorine concentration and chlorination procedure have been varied at both laboratories. The steels investigated include highly alloyed grades like UNS S31254 (AVE
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Caine, Marvin L. "Chlorinated Vinyl Acrylic Latices for Steel Protection." In CORROSION 1985. NACE International, 1985. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1985-85002.

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Abstract A novel emulsion polymer has been developed for use in protective coatings for steel. The latex polymer, which is described as a chlorinated vinyl acrylic, is made from the emulsion polymerization of vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride and acrylates. The polymer film has low water vapor and oxygen permeability, is tough, flexible and nonflammable. Air-drying waterborne primers for steel have been successfully formulated with this chlorinated vinyl acrylic latex to overcome deficiencies associated with many other waterborne primers. For best results a nonionic surfactant is required in
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Tuthill, Arthur H., Richard E. Avery, Stephen Lamb, and Gregory Kobrin. "Effect of Chlorine on Common Materials in Fresh Water." In CORROSION 1998. NACE International, 1998. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1998-98708.

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Abstract Long term corrosion data for common alloy materials from test spool exposures in chlorinated fresh water are reported. Data from the published literature on the effect of chlorine in fresh water on materials are reviewed. Experience with the high initial dosages used to sterilize potable water systems is reported. As a biocide and an oxidant, chlorine has other and secondary effects on corrosion behavior. Case histories of several of these are reported. Guidelines for alloy usage are developed.
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Lee, Chul-Hwan, Ki-Hoon Han, Eun-Ha Song, and Sung-Goun Lee. "The Effect of Chlorinated Seawater on Coating Performance of Epoxy for a Ship’s Water Ballast Tank." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02279.

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Abstract Many kinds of organic coatings have been applied to protect ships in various corrosive environments. Mainly epoxy coating systems have been used to protect water ballast tanks of ships from corrosion. Since aquatic nuisance species via a ship’s ballast water have induced detrimental ecological issues, numerous water ballast treatment systems designed to block inflow of aquatic species are presently being studied. However, by using these treatment technologies, there have been concerns that they may have some adverse effects on the performance of coating systems for ships’ ballast tank
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de Romero, M. F., O. T. de Rincón, Z. Duque, I. Araujo, and A. Martínez. "Performance of Super Stainless Steel, Titanium and Cu-10NI Alloys in Chlorinated Brackish Water." In CORROSION 1999. NACE International, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1999-99178.

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Abstract The use of brackish water in plant cooling-systems in Maracaibo and the surrounding region is becoming increasingly imperative, in view of the fact that fresh water is in limited supply. In view of recurring failures with different copper alloys in this water, studies have been carried out in this medium with different materials-Super Stainless Steel: UNS N-08367 and UNS S-32750, Grade 2 Titanium (UNS R-50400) and Cu-10Ni (UNS C-70600)- from both an inorganic and microbiological standpoint, with and without chemical treatment with chlorine.
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Mitten, D. B., S.-H. Zhang, K. E. Hautanen, J. A. Cline, E.-H. Han, and R. M. Latanision. "Evaluating Stress Corrosion and Corrosion Aspects in Supercritical Water Oxidation Systems for the Destruction of Hazardous Waste." In CORROSION 1997. NACE International, 1997. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1997-97203.

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Abstract There is, currently, simultaneous public resistance to traditional waste handling procedures and a compelling need to destroy both military and civilian hazardous waste. Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is one developing technology particularly appropriate for treating a broad range of dilute aqueous organic wastes. Above its critical point (374°C and 221 atm) water is a low density fluid possessing properties intermediate between those of a liquid and a gas, and solvation characteristics more typical of a low polarity organic than water. Although this is a promising technology, a
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Reports on the topic "Aging in chlorinated water"

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Antworth, Christopher P., David R. Burris, Michelle M. Lorah, and Linda J. Dyer. Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvent Ground-Water Plumes Discharging into Wetlands. Defense Technical Information Center, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada410935.

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Bevilacqua, Vicky L., Arnold P. Snyder, Brandon Dusick, Steve Norman, John Schwarz, and Jill Meuser. Fate of Thallium(I) in Reverse Osmosis and Chlorinated Water Matrices. Defense Technical Information Center, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada594425.

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Luk, K. H. Pressurized-water reactor internals aging degradation study. Phase 1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10181526.

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Luk, K. H. Boiling-Water Reactor internals aging degradation study. Phase 1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10182155.

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Hua, Inez, P. Rao, and Linda Lee. Remediation of Soils and Ground Water Contaminated by Aromatic and Chlorinated Hydrocarbons and Metals. Purdue University, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284313306.

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Conley, D. A., J. L. Edson, and C. F. Fineman. Aging study of boiling water reactor high pressure injection systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/34240.

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Lofaro, R., M. Subudhi, W. Gunter, W. Shier, R. Fullwood, and J. Taylor. Aging study of boiling water reactor residual heat removal system. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5960372.

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Jarrell, D., A. Johnson, Jr., P. Zimmerman, and M. Gore. Nuclear plant service water system aging degradation assessment: Phase 1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6103941.

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VANGELAS, KAREN. Characterization And Monitoring Of Natural Attenuation Of Chlorinated Solvents In Ground Water: A Systems Approach. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/882708.

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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DENVER CO. Draft Technical Protocol for Characterizing Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvent Ground-Water Plumes Discharging into Wetlands. Defense Technical Information Center, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada608243.

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