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Journal articles on the topic 'Air Film'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Ma, Guihui, Fu Chen, and Jianyang Yu. "Effect of pitch-to-diameter ratio and row-spacing-to-diameter ratio of venting holes on evolution process of air film around a vertically launched underwater vehicle." Modern Physics Letters B 33, no. 10 (2019): 1850124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984919501240.

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Equipping a slice of air film on a vehicle’s exterior can realize the goal of load reduction and attitude control in the vertical water-emerging process. Similar to ventilated cavity, the performance of this air film depends on the venting structures and their arrangements. Based on the simulation of vehicle’s water-emerging processes with exhaust, the effect of pitch-to-diameter ratio [Formula: see text] and row-spacing-to-diameter ratio [Formula: see text] of venting structures on evolution process of air film is investigated. Results indicate that the increase of [Formula: see text] promote

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2

Watabe, Yuki, Fuki Goto, Miyuki Uomoto, and Takehito Shimatsu. "Atomic diffusion bonding in air using Ag films." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 61, SF (2022): SF1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/ac5760.

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Abstract Atomic diffusion bonding (ADB) of wafers at room temperature in air was studied using Ag films. Using an ultra-high vacuum magnetron sputtering system, Ag (20 nm) films with Ti (5 nm) underlayers were deposited. The propagation speed of crystal lattice rearrangement in the bonding process decreased with an increased exposure time of film surfaces to air (t exp). Propagation did not occur at t exp of 500 s. The cohesion of Ag film surfaces by film surface exposure to air and reduction of the Ag film surface energy by Ag oxide or sulfide formation probably cause ADB performance degradat

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3

Maretha Nindy Nuraini and Eti Setiawati. "Verbal and Non-Verbal Speech in the Emotions of Sadness in the FilmAir Mata di Ujung Sajadah: A Psycholinguistic Analysis." Jurnal Sastra Indonesia 14, no. 1 (2025): 12–26. https://doi.org/10.15294/zmk1pj77.

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Psycholinguistic research that examines the emotion of sadness in films is still limited, especially those that focus on the combination of verbal and non-verbal utterances, so this study aims to fill this gap by analyzing how verbal and non-verbal utterances and the impact of the emotion of sadness in films. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to understand holistically how verbal and non-verbal utterances in the film Air Mata di Ujung Sajadah describe the emotion of sadness and does not include measurement and description in the form of words. The data collection technique use

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4

Evans, Ryan D., Gary L. Doll, and Jeffrey T. Glass. "Relationships between the thermal stability, friction, and wear properties of reactively sputtered Si–aC:H thin films." Journal of Materials Research 17, no. 11 (2002): 2888–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2002.0419.

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The friction and wear performance were correlated with the thermal stability of reactively sputtered Si–aC:H thin films containing various Si and H concentrations. The average steady-state friction coefficients as measured by dry sliding pin-on-disk tests decreased with increasing Si and H content. Furthermore, the films with high Si and H formed thick transfer films as compared to the films with little or no Si and H content. Minimums in average ball abrasion rate and average film wear rate were observed at the Si/C = 0.10 film composition. The most intense and distinct “graphitic” Raman peak

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5

Wolaver, Nicholas. "Film Review: “Air”." Journal of Olympic History 2023, no. 3 (2023): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.13173/joh.2023.3.056.

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6

Solovey, V. R., D. I. Yakubovsky, G. A. Ermolayev, et al. "UV/Ozone Treatment and Open-Air Copper Plasmonics." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2015, no. 1 (2021): 012148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2015/1/012148.

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Abstract Thin copper films with thickness ∼28 nm deposited on SiO2 substrate with the vacuum electron beam evaporation method and treated by UV-ozone are studied. It was found that a UV-ozone treatment of the copper film causes rapid formation of the thin ∼3-4 nm oxide film. XPS analysis showed that CuO oxide predominates in this film. The formed oxide film effectively protects the copper against the following oxidation. The presented method of UV-ozone treatment is a simpler and cheaper approach compared to many other ways to form protective coatings of copper to preserve its functional prope

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7

Pei, Lulu, Bowei Kang, Haichao Cai, and Yujun Xue. "Excellent Tribological Properties of WS2 Films in Air by Doping Copper." Coatings 15, no. 2 (2025): 173. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15020173.

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WS2 films exhibit excellent tribological properties in a vacuum, but they are prone to failure due to oxidation in air, which severely limits their application. Cu has great potential to improve the tribological properties of WS2, similar to that of Au and Ag. Thus, to clarify the contribution of Cu to the tribological properties of WS2 films and provide new insight for the development of new multi-environmentally adaptable films, this study deposited WS2-Cu composite films under different sputtering powers of the Cu target by magnetron sputtering systems, and the Cu target was supplied by DC

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8

Cheng, Yi Lung, Jiung Wu, and Cheng Yang Hsieh. "Precipitate Formation and Effects on Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Fluorinated Silicon Oxide." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 2163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.2163.

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Precipitates appear on fluorine-doped silicon oxide (SiOF) film when the film surface is exposed to atmospheric air. They are flake-type and hexagonal-shaped and show up rapidly after initiation, and then densely clustered. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis results of the precipitates show that mainly Si & O are detected. From the analysis of Raman spectra, the decreased intensities at about 600 cm-1 and 500 cm-1 post precipitation indicates the reduction of strained low-order ring structure in SiOF film. It is found that the dielectric constant of SiOF films initially increases at ex

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9

Lee, Dong Bok, and Dae Ho Yoon. "Post-Annealing Effect of SiON Thin Film in Air." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.463.

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About 2-thick, amorphous SiON thin films were deposited by the PECVD method, and heated up to 1000oC in air to study the post-annealing effect on the composition and structure of the SiON film. SiON had a strong SiO2 binding energy with a weak N-binding, so that air-annealing resulted in nitrogen escape from the film. The inwardly transported oxygen from the atmosphere was simply supersaturated inside the annealed, amorphous SiON thin film.

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10

Chen, Su Lin, Bin Shen, and Fang Hong Sun. "Tribo-Map of CVD Diamond Film Sliding against Silicon Nitride in Air." Key Engineering Materials 589-590 (October 2013): 405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.589-590.405.

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The tribo-map of typical CVD diamond film exhibiting the interaction between the wear rate, friction coefficient and friction conditions would help optimize the working parameters of CVD diamond film coated tools and wear-resistance components. The tribological behaviors of CVD diamond films sliding against Si3N4 balls were studied by conducting a group of tests on the ball-on-plate type reciprocating friction tester under several sliding speeds and normal loads in the ambient air. The examined MCD films and NCD films were deposited on square flat WC-Co substrates. The worn surfaces on the dia

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11

Kim, Kyung-Hwan, Do Kyung Lee, and Yun-Hyuk Choi. "Fabrication of Single-Phase Manganese Oxide Films by Metal-Organic Decomposition." Materials 14, no. 9 (2021): 2338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092338.

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Here, single-phase Mn2O3 and Mn3O4 films are successfully fabricated by a facile solution process based on metal-organic decomposition (MOD), for the first time. A formulated manganese 2-ethylhexanoate solution was used as an MOD precursor for the preparation of manganese oxide films. The difference in thermal decomposition behavior of precursor solution in air and inert atmospheres was observed, indicating that the calcination atmosphere is the main factor for controlling the valence of manganese oxide films. Significantly, the solution-coated films on substrates are found to be transformed i

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12

Dai, Ping, and Nai Yun Yu. "Recent Advances in the Study of High Efficiency Novel Film Cooling Holes." Advanced Materials Research 740 (August 2013): 830–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.740.830.

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The development of a new generation of high performance aircraft turbine jet engine desires gas turbines to be operated at very high rotor inlet gas temperatures. This brings a problem on the effective cooling of turbine blades. Up to now, modified film cooling is still an effective cooling technique. The influence of air-film hole structures on the air-film cooling efficiency cant be ignored. A survey of the research results concerning novel air-film cooling hole about home and abroad were given and high efficiency crescent air-film hole geometry was put forward. Through a comparative study o

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13

Albonetti, Cristiano, Lorella Izzo, Giovanni Vigliotta, Matilde Sublimi Saponetti, Fabiola Liscio, and Fabrizio Bobba. "Morphology and Mechanics of Star Copolymer Ultrathin Films Probed by Atomic Force Microscopy in the Air and in Liquid." Materials 17, no. 3 (2024): 592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17030592.

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Star copolymer films were produced by using spin-coating, drop-casting, and casting deposition techniques, thus obtaining ultrathin and thick films, respectively. The morphology is generally flat, but it becomes substrate-dependent for ultrathin films where the planarization effect of films is not efficient. The indentation hardness of films was investigated by Force Volume Maps in both the air and liquid. In the air, ultrathin films are in the substrate-dominated zone and, thus, the elastic modulus E is overestimated, while E reaches its bulk value for drop-casted ultrathin and thick films. I

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14

Roy, Durbar, Sophia M, Srinivas S. Rao, and Saptarshi Basu. "Droplet impact on immiscible liquid pool: Multi-scale dynamics of entrapped air cushion at short timescales." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 5 (2022): 052004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0091584.

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We have detected unique hydrodynamic topology in thin air film surrounding the central air dimple formed during drop impact on an immiscible liquid pool. The pattern resembles spinodal and finger-like structures typically found in various thin condensed matter systems. However, similar structures in thin entrapped gas films during drop impacts on solids or liquids have not been reported to date. The thickness profile and the associated dewetting dynamics in the entrapped air layer are investigated experimentally and theoretically using high-speed reflection interferometric imaging and linear s

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15

SURESH, K. A., YUSHAN SHI, A. BHATTACHARYYA, and SATYENDRA KUMAR. "WETTING–DEWETTING TRANSITION AND CONFORMAL TO NON-CONFORMAL INTERFACIAL ROUGHNESS TRANSITION IN ULTRA-THIN LIQUID CRYSTAL FILMS ON SOLID SUBSTRATES." Modern Physics Letters B 15, no. 08 (2001): 225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984901001628.

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High-resolution X-ray reflectivity has been employed to study the structure, wetting properties, and interfacial roughness of ultra-thin liquid crystal films. The films were prepared at the air–water interface and transferred on to glass substrates by a modified horizontal deposition technique. A 3-layer film was found to partially-wet the substrate in the nematic and isotropic phases and dewet upon cooling to the crystalline phase. The surface roughnesses at the air-film and the film-glass interfaces exhibited a gradual reversible but hysteretic conformal (strongly correlated) to non-conforma

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16

Park, M., J. R. Howell, and G. C. Vliet. "Correlations for Film Regeneration and Air Dehumidification for a Falling Desiccant Film With Air in Crossflow." Journal of Heat Transfer 118, no. 3 (1996): 634–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2822679.

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The coupled heat and mass transfer between a falling triethylene glycol (TEG) desiccant film and air in crossflow have previously been presented and solved numerically for the cases of regeneration and dehumidification. Here, correlations for the effects of independent variables on the rate of regeneration in the regenerator and on the rate of dehumidification and sensible cooling in the absorber are developed by statistical analysis of the numerical results. The functional correlations developed should be useful in the design of regenerators and absorbers having falling liquid desiccant films

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17

Tomaev, V. V., V. A. Polishchuk, N. B. Leonov, and T. A. Vartanyan. "Effect of prolonged annealing on the morphology and optical properties of ZnO films produced by magnetron sputtering." Известия Российской академии наук. Серия физическая 87, no. 10 (2023): 1446–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0367676523702526.

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The effect of annealing time on the structural and optical properties of ZnO films, which are formed from Zn films obtained by magnetron sputtering followed by oxidation in air, is described. Thermal oxidation in air was carried out for 7 and 24 hours, respectively, in a programmable muffle furnace at T = 750°C. A change in the structure of the film surface depending on the annealing time of the Zn film and the substrate material was found, which manifests itself in the optical properties of the films.

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18

Boutaous, M’hamed, and Patrick Bourgin. "Macroscopic Effects of Surface Roughness in Confined Air Flow." Journal of Fluids Engineering 126, no. 2 (2004): 216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1669034.

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The general framework deals with the winding of thin plastic films, in order to obtain good-quality rolls. This issue is tightly connected to the thickness of the residual air layer entrapped between the film layers. It is then of importance to optimize the surface topography of the films so that to improve the quality of the wound rolls. In a previous work, we proposed a simple model for the flow of an air layer squeezed between a solid smooth substrate and a plastic film sample: it was shown experimentally that the macroscopic characteristics of the flow are connected to the film roughness,

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19

Watanabe, Yoshihisa, Yoshifumi Sakuragi, Yoshiki Amamoto, and Yoshikazu Nakamura. "Changes in optical transmittance and surface morphology of AlN thin films exposed to atmosphere." Journal of Materials Research 13, no. 10 (1998): 2956–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0404.

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Aluminum nitride (AlN) thin films have been prepared by the ion-beam assisted deposition (IBAD) method, and the influence of exposure to different atmosphere on optical transmittance and surface morphology has been studied. AlN films have been prepared with the nitrogen ion beam energy of 0.1, 0.2, or 1.5 keV. Synthesized films have been exposed to the following conditions: (i) laboratory air (RT and 40–60% RH), (ii) saturated humidity air (RT and 80–90% RH), and (iii) elevated temperature air (100 °C and 10–20% RH). Optical transmission spectrum in the wavelength region from 190 to 2200 nm ha

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20

Singh, Anoop Kumar, Shiau-Yuan Huang, Po-Wei Chen, Jung-Lung Chiang, and Dong-Sing Wuu. "The Effect of Annealing Ambience on the Material and Photodetector Characteristics of Sputtered ZnGa2O4 Films." Nanomaterials 11, no. 9 (2021): 2316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11092316.

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Spinel ZnGa2O4 films were grown on c-plane sapphire substrates at the substrate temperature of 400 °C by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. Post thermal annealing was employed at the annealing temperature of 700 °C in order to enhance their crystal quality. The effect of thermal annealing on the microstructural and optoelectronic properties of ZnGa2O4 films was systematically investigated in various ambiences, such as air, nitrogen, and oxygen. The X-ray diffraction patterns of annealed ZnGa2O4 films showed the crystalline structure to have (111) crystallographic planes. Transmission electr

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21

Rao, Xin, Qi Zhou, Qin Wen, et al. "High-Performance and Water Resistant PVA-Based Films Modified by Air Plasma Treatment." Membranes 12, no. 3 (2022): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12030249.

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Plasma treatment is considered a straightforward, cost-effective, and environmental-friendly technique for surface modification of film materials. In this study, air plasma treatment was applied for performance improvement of pure PVA, cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)/PVA, and CNC/oxalic acid (OA)/PVA films. Compared with the original performance of pure PVA, the mechanical properties and water resistance of air plasma treated films were greatly improved. Among them, the CNC/OA/PVA film treated by three minutes of air plasma irradiation exhibits the most remarkable performance in mechanical propert

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22

Lv, Jing. "Effects of Annealing in Air on Structure and Properties of Al Films Prepared by Thermal Evaporation." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 2458–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.2458.

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Al films were prepared on quartz substrates by thermal evaporation. The effects of annealing in air on structure and optical and electrical properties have been studied. It is found that the annealing in air will affect on structure and morphology of the films, which results in the difference in the optical and electrical properties. The as-deposited film is amorphous, the films annealed at 200 and 400oC are polycrystalline. After annealed at 600oC, the film was oxidized and changed to porous γ-Al2O3. The film annealed at 200 oC has the maximum reflectance and at 400 oC has the minimum resisti

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23

Xiong, Zheng Wei, and Wei Dong Wu. "Corrosion Behaviors of Li-B-H Films in Air." Advanced Materials Research 1089 (January 2015): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1089.185.

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In the present study, Li-B-H films contained LiBH4 and Li2B12H12 were fabricated under different hydrogen pressures (20, 70 Pa) at ambient temperature by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The corrosion behaviors of the films were studied over a time of 1-24 h in the air at ambient temperature. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze the formed oxidation film. The results indicated that an oxidation film with obvious cracks and holes were formed, which was composed by Li2B4O7 and Li2CO3. The

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24

Wongseedakaew, Khanittha, and Jesda Panichakorn. "Rough Air-Soft Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication." Applied Mechanics and Materials 420 (September 2013): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.420.30.

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This paper presents the effects of rough surface air-soft elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) of rollers for soft material under the effect of air molecular slip. The time independent modified Reynolds equation and elasticity equation were solved numerically using finite different method, Newton-Raphson method and multigrid multilevel methods were used to obtain the film pressure profiles and film thickness in the contact region. The effects of amplitude of surface roughness, modulus of elasticity and air inlet temperature are examined. The simulation results showed surface roughness has effe

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25

Filevska, L. M., A. P. Chebanenko, V. S. Grinevych, V. A. Smyntyna, and V. I. Irkha. "SnO2 AND ZnO FILMS STRUCTURED USING POLYMERS FOR AMMONIA DETECTION." Photoelectronics, no. 30 (December 24, 2021): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/0235-2435.2021.30.262802.

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The electrophysical properties in air and in the atmosphere with ammonia vapor content of nanosized films of ZnO and SnO2 structured in the process of production using polymers were studied. The investigated electrophysical properties of those films in air and in an atmosphere containing ammonia vapors showed the presence of significant changes in the conductivity of both types of films. The nature of these changes is somewhat different. In ammonia vapors, the current in a zinc oxide film is many times greater than in air. And the tin oxide film in ammonia vapor becomes more high-resistant in

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26

Li, Jing, and Xiao Dong Zhao. "Investigation of Annealing Effect on the Electrical and Optical Properties of ITO Film Prepared by Sol-Gel Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 84-85 (August 2011): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.84-85.431.

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Indium tin oxide thin film (ITO film) has been deposited onto the quartz glass by a sol-gel process, followed by annealing in air. The temperature range from 200 to 800 °C and the annealing effect on the optical, electrical and structural properties of ITO films has been studied in detail. ITO Films with a thickness of 100nm had an optical transparency up to 90% in the wavelength range of visible spectrum. The ITO film showed minimum resistivity of 1.65×10-3Ω.cm-1 when annealing temperature was 600°C in air. the rapid annealing process may contribute to the electrical property of ITO film for

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27

Lei, H., K. A. Cole, and S. J. Weinstein. "Modeling Air Entrainment and Temperature Effects in Winding." Journal of Applied Mechanics 70, no. 6 (2003): 902–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1629758.

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Rolls of films and paper are routinely stored under varying conditions before being unwound into downstream operations. During storage, interlayer pressures can change relative to the pressures generated during winding. These changes can lead to problems such as film/paper blocking (increased interlayer pressure) and roll shifting/cinching (decreased interlayer pressure). To study the storage effect, a nonlinear wound roll stress model including air entrainment is first developed and applied to predict the in-roll stresses during film/paper winding. Thereafter, a thermal stress model is used t

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28

Ozgur, Arif, and Hilmi Bayrakci. "Experimental investigation of air side pressure loss for wet-cooling tower fills." Thermal Science 24, no. 3 Part B (2020): 2047–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci180709317o.

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The pressure loss of air-flow in the cooling tower was measured experimentally with three different type cooling tower fill materials. Air mass flux (3.13 < Ga , < 5.21 kg/m2s), water mass flux (2.43 < Gw , < 5.21 kg/m2s) and height of the fill material (0.6, 0.8, and 1 m) were used as variable parameters for experimental works. Film, curler and splash type fillings were tested in the forced draft counter flow cooling tower unit which has 0.4 ? 0.4 m2 cross-section area. Experimental results were presented graphically. However, these results correlated for each type cooling tower f

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29

Kazakov, V. A., A. V. Kokshina, A. G. Razina, A. I. Vasiliev, O. V. Vasilyeva, and S. I. Ksenofontov. "EFFECT OF THE HEATING PROCEDURE AND ANNEALING TEMPERATURE ON THE TRANSMISSION SPECTRA OF sp1-CARBON FILMS SYNTHESIZED BY THE ION-PLASMA METHOD." Journal of Applied Spectroscopy 89, no. 3 (2022): 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47612/0514-7506-2022-89-3-419-424.

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Using the method of spectrophotometry and scanning probe microscopy, the influence of the heating procedure and temperature of annealing in air on the transmission spectra and morphology of linear-chain carbon films synthesized by the ion-plasma method is herein studied. When the film is heated to a temperature 360–400°С with a rate of 5 °С/min and then annealed in air for 10 min, the effect of a significant increase in the transmittance in the wavelength range 350–500 nm is found. It is shown that when holding at the indicated temperatures in a preheated oven for 10 min, the film transm

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30

Borisov, A., O. Ivanova, S. Krutovertsev, and A. Pislyakov. "Sensor Sensitivity Study of the Thin and Thick WO₃ Films to Ozone." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 1834–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.1834.

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Comparative study of WO3 thick film sensing features obtained by two different methods to ozone content in the air is presented. The thin films of 0.1-0.3 μ were obtained at evaporation temperature of 1100°C and pressure in chamber 1,33x10-8 bar. Films were formed by thick film technology from WO3 based paste. The films sensitivity to ozone is determined by working temperature of sensors. At the same time the characteristic stability depends on time and magnitude of temperature impulse. It was shown, that measurement sensor samples have high sensitivity to 70 ppb of ozone in the air.

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31

Jeenkour, Puttha. "A Numerical Study on Air-Entrainment between a Web and a Convex Guide Roller in a Web Transportation Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 392 (September 2013): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.392.110.

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This paper presents a characteristic of air-entrainment between a web and a guide roller with modified convex shape. Air film thickness is derived using the modified Reynolds equation, a roller shape equation, and a web deflection equation. A finite difference method and a Newton-Raphson scheme are employed to achieve numerical results, i.e. air film thickness and air pressure distribution profiles, a minimum air film thickness, and an air film thickness at the middle of roller length under varied convex roller shapes. The results show that both minimum and central air film thicknesses decreas

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32

Hashimoto, Hiromu. "Air Film Thickness Estimation in Web Handling Processes." Journal of Tribology 121, no. 1 (1999): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2833810.

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In this paper, in order to estimate an air film thickness between moving web and guide roller (web spacing height), an air film thickness formula was derived based on the finite width compressible foil bearing theory. In the derivation of the air film thickness formula, the two-dimensional Reynolds equation and foil equilibrium equation were discretized by the finite difference method and solved iteratively to obtain the pressure and air film thickness distributions for various parameters. Based on the numerical results, the simplified convenience formula for the estimation of air film thickne

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33

Lu, Yujie. "Cross-Cultural Communication Practices for Chinese Films From Speaking Into the Air." Asian Journal of Social Science Studies 7, no. 7 (2022): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/ajsss.v7i7.1244.

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By using the theory of communication philosophy, our paper excavates the “symbol-spread-dialogue” communication theory proposed by Peters in Speaking into the Air: A History of the Idea of Communication as the discursive logic, and through its research on the diachronic process of cross-cultural communication of contemporary Chinese films, in-depth content expression, communication paradigm and effect feedback, and explores the differences between communication theory and film cross-cultural practice. The study found that the practice of cross-cultural communication of Chinese films based on t

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34

Aiempanakit, K., Supattanapong Dumrongrattana, and P. Rakkwamsuk. "Influence of Structural and Electrical Properties of ITO Films on Electrochromic Properties of WO₃ Films." Advanced Materials Research 55-57 (August 2008): 921–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.55-57.921.

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Indium tin oxide (ITO) films had been deposited on glass substrate without substrate heating and then tungsten oxide (WO3) films were deposited on ITO films by DC magnetron sputtering. In this work, we present the annealing ambient effect of ITO substrate on electrochromic properties of WO3 films. The ITO films were annealing in air and in vacuum at 350°C before coating with WO3 films. The structural, optical, and electrical properties of ITO films for as-deposited, annealing in air and in vacuum were investigated by X-ray diffraction, UV-VIS-NIR spectroscope and four point probe. The ITO film

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35

Chang, Y. B., F. W. Chambers, and J. J. Shelton. "Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication of Air-Lubricated Rollers." Journal of Tribology 118, no. 3 (1996): 623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2831582.

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The lubricating air film between two rotating rollers in close contact was studied numerically. The numerical model used in this study accounts for the effects of air compressibility, material deformation, and the slip flow which occurs when the air film thickness is not much larger than the mean-free-path of the air molecules. The air film profiles and the pressure profiles for the nip region between the rollers were calculated. It was found that the calculated air film thicknesses are lower than predicted by the liquid elastohydrodynamic calculation. From this study, equations for the minimu

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Denny, Yus Rama, Teguh Firmansyah, Vaka Gustiono, and Sang Su Lee. "Effect of Substrate Temperature on the Electronic Properties of MgO Thin Films on Si (100) Grown by Electron Beam Evaporation." Key Engineering Materials 841 (May 2020): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.841.243.

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The surface characterization of MgO thin films was investigated by using surface analysis instruments such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy (REELS) and ultra-violet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS). The MgO thin films was prepared on Si substrates by using electron beam evaporation deposited at room temperature (RT) and 300 °C in air. The XPS was used to investigate the effect substrate temperature on the chemical state in the thin films surface. The O1s spectra was showed that the hydrate MgO, Mg(OH)2, was detected in the surface of film

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Li, Minghua, Huamao Lin, Kan Hu, and Yao Zhu. "Oxide overlayer formation on sputtered ScAlN film exposed to air." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 11 (2022): 111602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0106717.

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There has been much interest in developing scandium doped aluminum nitride (ScAlN) thin films for use in electronic devices, due to their excellent piezoMEMS response, large spontaneous polarization, and the capability for CMOS-compatible integration. As with the undoped AlN film, the formation of an oxide overlayer on the air-exposed ScAlN film can modulate its surface structure and the electrical properties. In this study, we investigate the effects of surface oxidation on a ScAlN film by characterizing the film microstructure and the elemental chemical states. We found that amorphous phase

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Pranchov, R. B., and D. S. Campbell. "Stability Observations and Surface Analysis of Air Fired Nickel Thick Film Conductors." ElectroComponent Science and Technology 11, no. 4 (1985): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/apec.11.291.

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The results from an investigation of the properties of air fired Nickel thick film produced with conductive paste ESL 2554 on 96% Al2O3substrates are described. The analysis of the possible causes of instability of this thick film material has been done using the methods of surface analysis. The picture of the film surface structure obtained as a result of surface analysis shows a non-isotropic distribution of the metal and glass phase. For a firing peak temperature of 650℃ there is little nickel present at the film surface, and this could be the main cause of the high instability and low adhe

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Zhang, Biao, Wenjun Meng, and Hanzhong Zhang. "Research on the pressure field and loading characteristics of air film of air cushion belt conveyor." AIP Advances 12, no. 9 (2022): 095123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0111304.

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The power loss generated by the air cushion belt conveyor when transporting materials mainly depends on the diameter of the orifice, the form of arrangement, and the thickness of the air film. A mathematical model of an air cushion belt conveyor is established through mechanical analysis, and the relationship between load distribution, air film thickness, air film carrying capacity, and power consumption is found. Numerical simulations of orifices of different diameters on the disk groove and the formed air film are carried out, and the loading capacity of the air film was analyzed by observin

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Bai, Tianxinyu, Shenwei Wang, Kexin Zhang, Chunyang Chu, Yingqiang Sun, and Lixin Yi. "High stability and strong luminescence CsPbBr₃–Cs₄PbBr₆ thin films for all-inorganic perovskite light-emitting diodes." RSC Advances 13, no. 35 (2023): 24413–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra03947a.

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This experiment involves rapid air annealing of CsPbBr3–Cs4PbBr6 thin films. Based on this thin film, we fabricated all-inorganic LEDs, the devices can operate continuously for 12 hours under ambient air with only 10% attenuation.

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Senesi, Giorgio S., Mariangela A. Nitti, and Antonio Valentini. "A Scanning Electron and Atomic Force Microscopy Study of the Surface Morphology and Composition of CsI Films as Affected by Evaporation Rate and Humid-Air Exposure." Microscopy and Microanalysis 11, no. 2 (2005): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760505018x.

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Evaporation rate and subsequent exposure to humid air affect the surface morphology and composition of cesium iodide (CsI) films and, in turn, their photoemissive efficiency when used as photocathodes. The surface morphology and elemental composition of 300-nm-thick CsI films grown at two different rates (1 nm/s and 0.04 nm/s), both freshly evaporated and after 24-h exposure to humid air were investigated by means of atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy/electron diffraction spectroscopy. The CsI film freshly evaporated at a slow rate exhibited a granular surface presenting

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Prime, Emma L., Diana N. H. Tran, Andy H. M. Leung, Devi Sunartio, Greg G. Qiao, and David H. Solomon. "Formation of Dynamic Duolayer Systems at the Air/Water Interface by using Non-ionic Hydrophilic Polymers." Australian Journal of Chemistry 66, no. 7 (2013): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch13094.

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The inclusion of a water-soluble polymer, poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), into a surface active film composition before application to the water surface leads to the formation of a dynamic duolayer; a novel surface film system. This duolayer shows improved surface viscosity over the monolayer compound alone, while the addition of polymer maintains other film properties such as evaporation control and equilibrium spreading pressure. Brewster Angle Microscopy shows that the duolayer film undergoes a different formation mechanism upon film compression, and the resultant surface pressure/area isoth

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Shepherd, Rosalie H., Martin D. King, Andrew D. Ward, et al. "The lifetimes and potential change in planetary albedo owing to the oxidation of thin surfactant organic films extracted from atmospheric aerosol by hydroxyl (OH) radicals at the air–water interface of particles." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 25, no. 4 (2025): 2569–88. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2569-2025.

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Abstract. Water-insoluble organic material extracted from atmospheric aerosol samples collected in urban (Royal Holloway, University of London, UK) and remote (Halley Research Station, Antarctica) locations were shown to form stable thin surfactant films at an air–water interface. These organic films reacted quickly with gas-phase OH radicals and may impact planetary albedo. The X-ray reflectivity measurements additionally indicate that the film may be consistent with having a structure with increased electron density of film molecules towards the water, suggesting amphiphilic behaviour. Assum

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Zahra, Hayati, Ratna Ratna, and Agus Arip Munawar. "Pembuatan Edible Film Berbasis Pati Jagung dengan Menggunkan Variasi Gliserol Sebagai Plasticizer." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 5, no. 1 (2020): 511–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v5i1.13706.

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Abstrak. Edible film adalah lapisan tipis bening yang dapat dikonsumsi dibuat dari pati jagung bertujuan untuk membuat kemasan yang ramah lingkungan dengan menggunakan produk pertanian. Dilakukan beberapa pengujian seperti ketebalan, laju transmisi uap air, kuat tarik, dan elongasi. Bertujuan agar mengetahui kekuatan edible film yang dibuat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan edible film yang berbahan dasar pati jagung dengan variasi gliserol yang berbeda memili ketebalan yang berbeda di antara masing-masing variasi gliserol sendiri, gliserol berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap ketebalan edible film, s

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Podgursky, Vitali, Maxim Yashin, Taivo Jõgiaas, et al. "High Temperature Tribological Properties of Al2O3/NCD Films Investigated Under Ambient Air Conditions." Coatings 10, no. 2 (2020): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10020175.

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Comparative analysis of dry sliding wear behavior of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films and NCD films coated with a thin Al2O3 layer (Al2O3/NCD) is the main goal of the present study. Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD) methods were used to prepare the NCD and alumina films, respectively. Sliding wear tests were conducted at room temperature (RT), 300 and 450 °C in air. Independent of type of specimen, superlubricating behavior with the coefficient of friction (COF) in the range of 0.004‒0.04 was found for the tests at 300 °C. However, the COF v

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Amirat, M., M. Sawalem, and H. Zaïdi. "Influence of the Gas Environment on the Transfered Film of the Tribologic Brass (CuZn)/XC48 Steel COUPLE." Applied Mechanics and Materials 367 (August 2013): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.367.32.

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This paper reports on the influence of environment gas on the brass film and tribological behavior of brass (Cu64Zn36) / steel (AISI 1045) couple. The friction coefficient and the wear rate of brass/steel were measured in ambient air, in pure oxygen at 105 Pa and in vacuum at 5x10-5 Pa. In this study, the mechanism of transfer brass film on steel substrate has been studied with the scanning electronic microscope, the optical microscope and the interferential microscope. The analysis shows that the transfer films properties (roughness, hardness, thickness) depend on the atmospheric conditions.

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Wittig, S., J. Himmelsbach, B. Noll, H. J. Feld, and W. Samenfink. "Motion and Evaporation of Shear-Driven Liquid Films in Turbulent Gases." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 114, no. 2 (1992): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906604.

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Detailed measurements of wavy liquid films driven by the shear stress of turbulent air flow are obtained for different air temperatures, air velocities, and flow rates of the liquid. The experimental conditions are chosen from characteristic data of liquid film flow in prefilming airblast atomizers and film vaporization employing combustors. For the measurement of the local film thickness and film velocity a new optical instrument—based on the light absorption of the liquid—has been developed, which can be used at high temperatures with evaporation. The measured data of the gas phase and the l

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Li, Tian, J. M. T. Davies, and Xiangzhen Zhu. "Revealing the structure and evolution of entrained oxide film in Mg–Y alloy castings." Journal of Materials Science 56, no. 29 (2021): 16671–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06333-y.

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AbstractThe structure and evolution of oxide film in Mg alloys have been a research objective for a long time but are still unclear up to now. In the present work, the structure of the entrained oxide film (which is also known as bifilm) in Mg–Y alloy castings protected by SF6/air cover gas was characterized. It was found that the entrained oxide film can be divided into two typical types: (1) single-layered F-rich films and (2) double-layered films with a F-rich inner layer and a F-poor outer layer. Based on the experimental phenomena and thermodynamic calculation, the evolution mechanism of

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Stachiv, Ivo, and Lifeng Gan. "Simple Non-Destructive Method of Ultrathin Film Material Properties and Generated Internal Stress Determination Using Microcantilevers Immersed in Air." Coatings 9, no. 8 (2019): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9080486.

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Recent progress in nanotechnology has enabled to design the advanced functional micro-/nanostructures utilizing the unique properties of ultrathin films. To ensure these structures can reach the expected functionality, it is necessary to know the density, generated internal stress and the material properties of prepared films. Since these films have thicknesses of several tens of nm, their material properties, including density, significantly deviate from the known bulk values. As such, determination of ultrathin film material properties requires usage of highly sophisticated devices that are

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Spiridonova, Jekaterina, Arvo Mere, Malle Krunks, et al. "Enhanced Visible and Ultraviolet Light-Induced Gas-Phase Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 Thin Films Modified by Increased Amount of Acetylacetone in Precursor Solution for Spray Pyrolysis." Catalysts 10, no. 9 (2020): 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10091011.

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TiO2 thin films, modified by acetylacetone (AcacH) in solution, were deposited on glass substrate by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis and tested for photocatalytic activity in a multi-section continuous flow reactor by degradation of acetone and acetaldehyde under ultraviolet and visible light. The increase in molar ratio of AcacH in respect of titanium (IV) isopropoxide (TTIP) from 1:5 to 1:8 modified the electronic structure of the films, favoring enhanced photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activity was enhanced approximately twofold on the film with molar ratio 1:8 under both irradiation

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