Academic literature on the topic 'Antigen variation study'

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Journal articles on the topic "Antigen variation study"

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Röske, Kerstin, Alain Blanchard, Isabelle Chambaud, et al. "Phase Variation among Major Surface Antigens ofMycoplasma penetrans." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 12 (2001): 7642–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.12.7642-7651.2001.

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ABSTRACT The pathogenicity and prevalence of Mycoplasma penetrans, a Mycoplasma species recently isolated from humans, are still debated. A major P35 antigen, which is used as target epitope in serological assays, was shown to be a phase-variable lipid-associated membrane protein (LAMP). In this study, we performed a comparative analysis of the LAMP patterns from fiveM. penetrans clinical isolates and from the type strain. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profiles and immunoblots with sera serially collected from an M. penetrans-infected patient indicated that these st
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Beem, J. E., W. B. Clark, and A. S. Bleiweis. "Antigenic Variation of Indigenous Streptococci." Journal of Dental Research 64, no. 8 (1985): 1039–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345850640080301.

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Isolates of Group D streptococci indigenous to the murine oral cavity were studied to detect the occurrence of antigenic variation. Group D streptococci cultured from molar homogenates of Balb/c mice were randomly selected for study on the basis of distinctive colony morphology. Isolates obtained over a 12-week period were biotyped using the API 20S system, and subjected to Lancefield extraction and rocket immunoelectrophoresis for serotyping. All isolates were compared with an arbitrarily selected standard test strain (W1S-1) isolated the first week of the first experimental series. Four biot
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Gantini, Ria Syafitri Evi, Ni Ken Ritchie, Pierlita Rini, and Aryani Aryani. "Analysis of The Results of The Rhesus System Blood Group Phenotyping Examination in Routine Type O Blood Donors." Proceeding of the International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research for Sustainable Innovation 1 (August 12, 2024): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/icmrsi.v1i.797.

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The Rhesus (Rh) system is the second most important blood group system after ABO, has the highest immunogenicity and tends to produce alloantibodies that cause most transfusion reactions. In the Rh blood group system, there are more than 55 antigens, but the main ones are D, C, E, c, and e. Currently, only the D antigen is carried out without examining four other important Rh antigens. Still scarce, studies on the proportion of Rh antigens, except D, in Indonesia; in this study we have determined Rh antigens and phenotypes among a population of routine blood donors. The purpose of this study w
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Li, Qun, Matthew Hobbs, and Peter R. Reeves. "The variation of dTDP-l-rhamnose pathway genes in Vibrio cholerae." Microbiology 149, no. 9 (2003): 2463–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26382-0.

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The genetic variation in the dTDP-l-rhamnose pathway genes (rmlA, rmlB, rmlC and rmlD) in Vibrio cholerae was investigated. The genes are part of the O antigen gene cluster and the aim was to study lateral gene transfer of O antigen gene clusters. The rml genes of an O6 strain were cloned using an Escherichia coli K-12 strain designed for selecting cloned rml genes. Thirty-three strains carrying the known rhamnose-containing O antigens were probed with O6-based rml gene probes, and 19 were positive with from one to all four of the gene probes. Nine rml gene sets from this group were sequenced
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IGLESIAS, R., A. PARAMÁ, M. F. ÁLVAREZ, J. LEIRO, F. M. UBEIRA, and M. L. SANMARTÍN. "Philasterides dicentrarchi (Ciliophora: Scuticociliatida) expresses surface immobilization antigens that probably induce protective immune responses in turbot." Parasitology 126, no. 2 (2003): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182002002688.

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Philasterides dicentrarchi is a histophagous ciliate causing systemic scuticociliatosis in cultured turbot. This study demonstrates that turbot which survive this disease have serum antibodies that recognize ciliary antigens of this ciliate in ELISA and immobilize/agglutinate the ciliate in vitro. Mouse sera raised against ciliary antigens and integral membrane proteins are likewise capable of immobilizing/agglutinating the ciliates, indicating that P. dicentrarchi, like other ciliates, expresses surface immobilization antigens. Furthermore, the antigen agglutinating reaction induces the paras
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Thornton, Emily E., Mark R. Looney, Oishee Bose, et al. "Spatiotemporally separated antigen uptake by alveolar dendritic cells and airway presentation to T cells in the lung." Journal of Experimental Medicine 209, no. 6 (2012): 1183–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20112667.

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Asthma pathogenesis is focused around conducting airways. The reasons for this focus have been unclear because it has not been possible to track the sites and timing of antigen uptake or subsequent antigen presentation to effector T cells. In this study, we use two-photon microscopy of the lung parenchyma and note accumulation of CD11b+ dendritic cells (DCs) around the airway after allergen challenge but very limited access of these airway-adjacent DCs to the contents of the airspace. In contrast, we observed prevalent transepithelial uptake of particulate antigens by alveolar DCs. These disti
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Bertina, R. M. "An International Collaborative Study on the Performance of Protein C Antigen Assays." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 57, no. 01 (1987): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1651074.

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SummaryAn international collaborative study was undertaken to evaluate the performance and specificity of protein C antigen (PC) assays. Thirteen lyophilized plasma samples were distributed among 17 laboratories and analysed with 24 methods. No statistically significant results were obtained with the different methods in plasmas containing only the protein C zymogen. ELISA’s, RIA’s and IRMA’s were found to be more sensitive than the electro-immunoassay. In plasmas of patients on oral anticoagulant treatment ELISA methods tend to give lower PC antigen levels than the electro-immunoassay. Comple
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Marcotuillo, Michelle, Vicki Johnson, Richard J. Jenny, and Ryan H. Dorfman. "Murine Reagents and Analytical Tools to Enhance the Utility of Mouse Models for the Study of Human Thrombotic Disorders and Disease States." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 3989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.3989.3989.

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Abstract The mechanisms that govern blood coagulation and fibrinolysis have been studied extensively by employing a variety of experimental techniques and in-vivo model systems. Murine models are a valuable resource to test new strategies in the areas of thrombosis and haemostasis. Because both normal and genetically altered mice are available, the murine models are ideal for this application. Murine models are in prevalent use and there exists a limited number of reagents available to assist the researcher. Development of murine reagents and analytical tools will enhance the utility of murine
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Umezawa, Eufrosina S., Sueli F. Bastos, Mario E. Camargo, et al. "Evaluation of Recombinant Antigens for Serodiagnosis of Chagas’ Disease in South and Central America." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 5 (1999): 1554–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.5.1554-1560.1999.

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The commercially available diagnostic tests for Chagas’ disease employ whole extracts or semipurified fractions ofTrypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. Considerable variation in the reproducibility and reliability of these tests has been reported by different research laboratories, mainly due to cross-reactivity with other pathogens and standardization of the reagents. The use of recombinant antigens for the serodiagnosis of Chagas’ disease is recommended to increase the sensitivity and specificity of serological tests. Expressed in Escherichia coli, as fusion products with glutathione S-transferas
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Saeed, Mohd, Vikas Kushwaha, Syed Mohd Faisal, et al. "A Study on Serological Reactivity Profile of Different Antigen Preparations with Bancroftian filariasis Human Infection Sera." Protein & Peptide Letters 27, no. 9 (2020): 841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866527666200225123534.

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Background: Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) is one of the incapacitating and mosquito-borne sicknesses that on progression may prompt a few recognizable types of clutters like extreme lymphedema, hydrocele, and elephantiasis. Methods: Antigenic preparations of B. malayi adult (BmA), S. cervi adult parasites and microfilariae (mf) total parasite extract were used to analyze the serological reactivity profile with human infectious sera collected from endemic areas of Bancroftian filariasis by performing Western blot and ELISA analysis. Sera from healthy human subjects were also included in the study t
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Antigen variation study"

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Srivastava, Sanjeev Kumar. "MHC class II antigen variation study in selected populations of Northern parts of India." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1011.

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Yong, Patrick. "A study of the variation of leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors on antigen-presenting cells." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-study-of-the-variation-of-leukocyte-immunoglobulin-like-receptors-on-antigen-presenting-cells(a79cecd9-abf2-4828-a70d-29c3dcc797e4).html.

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Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors are a family of inhibitory and activating receptors found on a wide variety of immune cells, and are thought to play a significant role in determining immune responses. Their known ligands are HLA Class I molecules; HLA-G is the prototypic ligand which has high affinity for two inhibitory members of the family and mediates its immunosuppressive functions through them. The hypothesis of this study is that polymorphisms in the non-coding regions are likely to influence both the expression and response of the LILRs to various stimuli. Published data support
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Graf, Justin T. "Membrane associated transporter protein gene (SLC45A2) and the genetic basis of normal human pigmentation variation." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/25913/1/Justin_Graf_Thesis.pdf.

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This work is concerned with the genetic basis of normal human pigmentation variation. Specifically, the role of polymorphisms within the solute carrier family 45 member 2 (SLC45A2 or membrane associated transporter protein; MATP) gene were investigated with respect to variation in hair, skin and eye colour ― both between and within populations. SLC45A2 is an important regulator of melanin production and mutations in the gene underly the most recently identified form of oculocutaneous albinism. There is evidence to suggest that non-synonymous polymorphisms in SLC45A2 are associated with normal
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Graf, Justin T. "Membrane associated transporter protein gene (SLC45A2) and the genetic basis of normal human pigmentation variation." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/25913/.

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This work is concerned with the genetic basis of normal human pigmentation variation. Specifically, the role of polymorphisms within the solute carrier family 45 member 2 (SLC45A2 or membrane associated transporter protein; MATP) gene were investigated with respect to variation in hair, skin and eye colour ― both between and within populations. SLC45A2 is an important regulator of melanin production and mutations in the gene underly the most recently identified form of oculocutaneous albinism. There is evidence to suggest that non-synonymous polymorphisms in SLC45A2 are associated with normal
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Karthigesu, Vassandra Devi. "A study of hepatitis B virus variation and antigenic variants." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309416.

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Torres, Puig Sergi. "Study of a master regulator of recombination in Mycoplasma genitalium." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/456208.

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Mycoplasma genitalium és un petit patogen humà causant d’uretritis no gonocòccica, cervicitis i algunes malalties d’inflamació pèlvica. Té un dels genomes més petits trobats en un organisme viu autònom i, per aquest motiu, ha esdevingut un model bacterià d’estudi d’una cèl·lula mínima. A més a més, aquest petit patogen presenta un mecanisme únic de variació antigènica que depèn de la recombinació homòloga entre les adhesines principals i elements repetits del genoma que es troben dispersos al llarg del cromosoma. Tot i que M. genitalium va ser un dels primers microorganismes que fou seqüenciat
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Book chapters on the topic "Antigen variation study"

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Bernander, Sverker, Berndt E. B. Claesson, Eva Hjelm, Nils Svensson, and Martin Hjorth. "Serologic Study of an Outbreak of Legionnaires' Disease: Variation of Sensitivity Associated with the Subgroup of Legionella pneumophila sg1 Antigen Used and Evidence of Concurrent Reactivity to Other Atypical Pneumonia Agents." In Legionella. ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555815660.ch17.

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Cimino James J. "Normalization of Phenotypic Data from a Clinical Data Warehouse: Case Study of Heterogeneous Blood Type Data with Surprising Results." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2015. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-564-7-559.

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Clinical data warehouses often contain analogous data from disparate sources, resulting in heterogeneous formats and semantics. We have developed an approach that attempts to represent such phenotypic data in its most atomic form to facilitate aggregation. We illustrate this approach with human blood antigen typing (ABO-Rh) data drawn from the National Institutes of Health's Biomedical Translational Research Information System (BTRIS). In applying the method to actual patient data, we discovered a 2% incidence of changed blood types. We believe our approach can be applied to any institution's
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Chappell, Lia, Sarah J. Lindsay, Phil Jones, et al. "Parasite Genomics." In Genomics. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780198848387.003.0005.

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This chapter focuses on parasite genomics. Parasitic infections may have beneficial effects on our immune systems, and the possibility that parasites have the potential to deliver previously unrecognized benefits as well as causing devastating harm makes it even more important to understand their biology. Some protozoan parasites, such as malaria and trypanosomes, use antigenic variation to evade destruction by the mammalian immune system. Genetic engineering can be used to manipulate the genomes of parasites and their vectors, and is a novel way to tackle disease transmission. Genomics can al
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Erlich, Henry A., and Elizabeth A. Trachtenberg. "PCR-based methods of HLA typing." In Molecular Epidemiology. Oxford University PressOxford, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199638116.003.0007.

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Abstract Over the last two decades, molecular genetic techniques have been used to isolate the genes encoding the HLA class I and class II molecules and to characterize their genomic organization as well as their sequence diversity. The allelic sequence polymorphism at the HLA class I and II loci, revealed by extensive sequencing studies on a variety of human populations, is far greater than the antigenic variation detected by conventional serological typing (1). For example, there are about 280 DRB1 alleles defined by the second exon sequence but only about 15 different DR serological specifi
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"therefore be on the fourth SCR or on the serine/theonine rich region. By sequencing genomic DNA from Cr(a-) people, Telen and colleagues showed that a mutation in the fourth SCR was responsible for Cr3 [13]. Considering the MAIEA results, the fourth SCR would be a good place to start looking for difference responsible for the WES polymorphism too. Other Cromer system antigens showed some inhibition with one of the BRIC antibodies [12]. MAIEA provided biochemical evidence that Esa is indeed a Cromer system antigen [12]. Esa was thought to be a Cromer related antigen because of the failure of anti-Esa to react with Cromer-null cells and from its behaviour with proteinaese treated cells [14]. These findings were supported by the observation that Esa was carried by a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol linked protein [15]. However, only a small amount of anti-Esa was available and,therefore, immunoblotting experiments could not be done. Strong positive results with BRIC 216 and 110 but a negative result with BRIC 230 suggested that Esa is located on DAF, possibly on the first SCR. Similarly, a negative result with BRIC 230 and Tca suggests that it too is on the first SCR (Table II) [12]. The results of the MAIEA tests for Cromer antigens are summarised in Table II. They agree with those known from DNA studies, Dra on SCR III [15,16,17] and Cr3 on SCR IV [13], and suggest the best places to look for those as yet undetermined. This demonstrates how MAIEA may be used to help narrow the field of study to determine the molecular basis of antigens. VARIATION IN EXPRESSION OF SOME Rh ANTIGENS We had hoped to apply MAIEA to Rh but to date the only antibodies to the D protein are of human origin, so MAIEA cannot yet be used to study the relationship of the D antigen to some of the low incidence antigens which appear to be markers of partial D antigens. The Rh antigen D is, after ABO, the most important antigen clinically because it is highly immunogenic. Until the introduction of Rh immunoprophylaxis, anti-D was the most frequent cause of haemolytic disease of the newborn and neonatal death [1]. Many Rh antigens are good immunogens. Since its initial recognition in the nineteen-forties, the Rh system has become very complex. There are 48 numbered antigens, that is serologically defined determinants, the numbers have reached 50 because two numbers have been declared obsolete [2,3,18,19]. Some antigens are polymorphic and others are of high or low incidence." In Transfusion Immunology and Medicine. CRC Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482273441-10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Antigen variation study"

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Grimaudo, V., E. K. O. Kruithof, J. Hauert, and F. Bachmann. "DIURNAL VARIATION OF COMPONENTS OF THE FIBRINOLYTIC SYSTEM." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644381.

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To elucidate the causes of the well known diurnal variations of the fibrinolytic activity we have studied severed parameters of the fibrinolytic system in 8 healthy male volunteers during a period of 24 h. Blood sanples were taken at 8, 10 and 12 a.m., 4 and 8 p.m. and at 8 a.m. next morning. Hie following parameters were analyzed: euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT), fibrinolytic activity of euglobulins on fibrin plates (FPA), antigen concentrations of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) by ELISA and of urokinase (u-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) by RIA, the overall PA-i
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Gunda, Naga Siva Kumar, and Sushanta K. Mitra. "Microfluidic Based Biosensor for Detection of Cardiac Markers." In ASME 2013 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2013-16270.

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Myocardial Infarction (MI) occurs when the blood flow to the heart is blocked. It is major threat to human kind. Current laboratory and ELISA tests are expensive, time consuming, and are not very sensitive. Biosensors can play an important role in the diagnosis of MI without relying on hospital visits. Therefore, researchers are focusing to develop rapid, hand-held, inexpensive biosensors for detecting cardiac markers. In the present study, one of the cardiac markers (Troponin T) is detected using microfluidic based biosensor. Troponin T (cTnT) releases in to the blood serum within 4–6 h after
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Mathew, Shilu M., Malak Ibrahim, Asmaa Al Thani, Khalid Al Ansari, Hassan Zaraket, and Hadi M. Yassine. "Antigenica and Genetic Characterization of Identified Rotavirus Strains in Qatar in Response to Rotarix Vaccine Usage." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0114.

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To identify genetic and antigenic variation in RV in response to vaccine usage. Methods: A total of 231 RV-positive fecal samples were collected from children suffering from AGE during three-year study period between June 2016 and June 2019. The age of the subjects ranged between 2 months and 14 years (median of 16 months). RV genotyping and neutralizing regions, which include both VP4 (Ptype) and VP7 (G type), were amplified and sequenced. We characterized amino acid sequence variability and predicted antigenicity compared to the Rotarix vaccine strain. Phylogenetic analyses were performed us
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Celik, Emrah, Nicolas Rongione, Amelia Bahamonde, Zheng Ao, and Ram Datar. "Isolation of Circulating Tumor Cells Using Stiffness-Based Filtration Platform." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53241.

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Analysis of isolated cancer cells in circulation is proven to help determine the success of the cancer treatment and understand the genetic signature of cancer disease. Scarcity of these cells in blood circulation (1–10 CTC in 1ml blood) however, makes the isolation process extremely challenging. Ever improving CTC isolation methods fall into two main categories: 1.Immunomagnetic separation based on antibody binding to tumor specific biomarkers expressed on the cell 2. Physical separation based on the size of the CTCs. Efficiency in cell isolation is still low in these techniques due to the va
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Reports on the topic "Antigen variation study"

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Yogev, David, Ricardo Rosenbusch, Sharon Levisohn, and Eitan Rapoport. Molecular Pathogenesis of Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma agalactiae and its Application in Diagnosis and Control. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573073.bard.

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Mycoplasma bovis and M. agalactiae are two phylogenetically related mycoplasmas which cause economically significant diseases in their respective bovine or small ruminant hosts. These organisms cause persistent asymptomatic infections that can result in severe outbreaks upon introduction of carrier animals into susceptible herds. Little is known about the mechanisms underlying mycoplasma-host interaction, variation in virulence, or of the factors enabling avoidance of the host immune system. In recent years it has become apparent that the ability of pathogenic microorganisms to rapidly alter s
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Levisohn, Sharon, Mark Jackwood, and Stanley Kleven. New Approaches for Detection of Mycoplasma iowae Infection in Turkeys. United States Department of Agriculture, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7612834.bard.

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Mycoplasma iowae (Mi) is a pathogenic avian mycoplasma which causes mortality in turkey embryos and as such has clinical and economic significance for the turkey breeder industry. Control of Mi infection is severely hampered by lack of adequate diagnostic tests, together with resistance to most antibiotics and resilience to environment. A markedly high degree of intra-species antigenic variation also contributes to difficulties in detection and control of infection. In this project we have designed an innovative gene-based diagnostic test based on specific amplification of the 16S rRNA gene of
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