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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aposematism'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Guilford, T. "Aposematism." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382678.

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2

Teichmann, J. "Models of aposematism and the role of aversive learning." Thesis, City University London, 2015. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/13431/.

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The majority of species are under predatory risk in their natural habitat and targeted by predators as part of the food web. Through the process of evolution by natural selection manifold mechanisms have emerged to avoid predation. As Fisher argued, it is the ubiquitous presence of anti-predator adaptations which shows that predation plays a significant role in the ecology and evolution of ecosystems. These ecosystems are intrinsically complex which derives from the high entanglement of organisms interacting in competitive relationships: the prey is part of the predator’s environment and vice
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3

Rudh, Andreas. "Aposematism, Crypsis and Population Differentiation in the Strawberry Poison Frog." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Zooekologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-175240.

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Evolutionary transitions between the two major predator avoidance strategies aposematism and crypsis are expected to be associated with changes in many important traits of animals. However, empirical studies on populations experiencing ongoing or recent transitions between these strategies are rare. This thesis investigates the co-evolution of traits among populations of the Strawberry poison frog D.pumilio in Bocas del Toro, Panama. I found that all investigated populations were genetically distinct but that colour and pattern did not correlate with genetic or geographic distance, which sugge
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4

Kazemi, Baharan. "Evolution of Mimicry and Aposematism Explained: Salient Traits and Predator Psychology." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Zoologiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-148488.

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Aposematic species have evolved conspicuous warning signals, such as bright colors and striking patterns, to deter predators. Some edible and harmless species take advantage of this deterrent effect by mimicking their appearance. Mimicry is a great example of how natural selection produces remarkable adaptations. However, while some species evolve a very close similarity to their models to effectively avoid attacks, others are successful in doing so despite an incomplete similarity, i.e. imperfect mimicry. In some cases, it is surprising how such a crude disguise can fool predators. Why and ho
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5

Mann, Victoria. "The Characteristics of Aposematism and Noxious Spray in the Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis)." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10752121.

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<p> Skunk spray produced in the anal glands of the striped skunk can have extremely adverse effects on potential predators, who then learn to avoid provoking these animals in the future. Despite this spray being an extremely effective predator deterrent, few studies have assessed the molecular constituents found within striped skunk spray, and no studies have attempted to assess how important ecological factors could influence the strength of the spray. The goal of this study was to assess the honesty of striped skunk pelage and the influence of predation risk and life history on skunk musk by
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6

Paul, Sarah Catherine. "The price of defence : maternal effects in an aposematic ladybird." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/25374.

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Offspring phenotype can be adaptively altered via maternal non-genetic inheritance. Such ‘maternal effects’ enable females to adjust their per offspring investment in response to variation in the offspring environment, and thus maximise their reproductive success. Consequently they play a pivotal role in population dynamics and the response of species to environmental change. Despite this, little is known about how maternal effects mediate reproductive investment in response to multiple or novel environmental changes, such as those driven by anthropogenic activity. I use the 2-spot ladybird in
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7

Flores, De Gracia Eric Enrique. "Early development and the honesty of aposematic signals in a poison frog." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/8170.

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The causes and consequences of variation in aposematic signals during immature stages are not clearly understood. This thesis explores the effects of early environment on the expression of aposematic signals in the green and black poison frog (Dendrobates auratus), and the consequences of variation in such components in the wild. It also explores how aposematic expression relates to levels of chemical defences in immature froglets. Embryos and larvae of poison frogs in the genus Dendrobates are known to be darkly pigmented. This thesis reports for the first time polymorphism in egg pigmentatio
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8

Briolat, Emmanuelle Sophie. "The form and function of warning signals in Lepidoptera, with a special focus on burnet moths (Zygaenidae)." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/31659.

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Many species use visual features to avoid predation by several methods, such as concealing themselves, deceiving predators and hindering capture. One of the most striking strategies is aposematism, or warning coloration, in which prey use conspicuous visual signals to advertise chemical or physical defences, and thereby deter predators from attacking. My thesis focuses on the form of these warning signals, namely which elements of visual patterns might be most effective in generating predator avoidance, as well as how these different visual features relate to defence levels and ultimately to p
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9

Jovanovic, Olga [Verfasser], and M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Vences. "Natural history of Malagasy poison frogs: experimental analysis of aposematism, morphology of tadpoles, and longevity / Olga Jovanovic ; Betreuer: M. Vences." Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1175829765/34.

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10

Oliveira, Filho Jaires Gomes de. "Uso de compostos repelentes produzidos por cães resistentes ao Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato para o seu controle em cães susceptiveis." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8188.

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Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-02-28T16:12:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Jaires Gomes de Oliveira Filho - 2018.pdf: 1814554 bytes, checksum: 3897a940820688b6672b09b6a409c4b8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-02-28T16:12:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Jaires Gomes de Oliveira Filho - 2018.pdf: 1814554 bytes, checksum: 3897a940820688b6672b09b6a409c4b8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)<br>Made
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11

Massuda, Kamila Ferreira 1979. "Mecanismos de defesa contra predadores em larvas da borboleta Methona themisto (Nymphalidae: Ithomiinae)." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/316371.

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Orientador: Jose Roberto Trigo<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T19:03:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Massuda_KamilaFerreira_M.pdf: 3824014 bytes, checksum: d4db5cb4afb22e7d40b4afc3d0677236 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008<br>Resumo: As defesas químicas em lepidópteros compreendem mecanismos que vão desde o seqüestro de compostos do metabolismo secundário de plantas até a biossíntese de novo de compostos que podem torná-los tóxicos ou impalatáveis. As larvas da borboleta Methona themisto (Nymphalidae
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12

Aronsson, Marianne. "Colour patterns in warning displays." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Zoologiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-75576.

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In aposematism a prey species use bright colours, often combined with a black contrasting pattern, to signal unprofitability as prey to potential predators. Although there are several different hypotheses about the presence of these internally contrasting patterns, there is little experimental evidence of any beneficial effects. In this thesis I have used bird predators and artificial prey signals to investigate if the contrasting internal patterns in warning displays may have evolved to increase signal efficacy, especially regarding the speed of avoidance learning. In paper I the relative imp
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13

Lundberg, Katarina. "UR PRODUKTION." Thesis, Konstfack, Institutionen för Konst (K), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-5682.

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När det är mörkt tycker jag om att gå hem. Det är oftast utifrån mina nattliga vandringar jag producerar, samlar och ser samband då jag i ensam tystnad möter nya rum och konstellationer som uppstår och försvinner i  staden. Jag fotograferar till blivande målningar, filmar eller tar objekt från platser för att använda i mitt arbete. Denna text koncentrerar sig främst kring de platser jag ser på, tankar kring dem och hur de överförs till att bli måleri.
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14

Gonçalves, Nathalia Ximenes. "O papel da interação com presas e predadores na variação cromática de Gasteracantha cancriformis (Araneidae)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7756.

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Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-09-19T12:30:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Nathalia Ximenes Gonçalves - 2017.pdf: 11960098 bytes, checksum: a70e468c7f0aec1f54681daa44779319 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-09-19T12:30:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Nathalia Ximenes Gonçalves - 2017.pdf: 11960098 bytes, checksum: a70e468c7f0aec1f54681daa44779319 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
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15

Dalbosco, Dell'Aglio Denise. "Behavioural and ecological interactions between Heliconius butterflies, their predators and host plants." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/267756.

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Heliconius butterflies exhibit Müllerian mimicry, in which two or more unpalatable species share a mutual advantage from having a common conspicuous colour pattern. These tropical butterflies have impressive visual signals, which are under conflicting selection pressures, as they are used in choosing potential mates and defending against visual predators through aposematic coloration. As both selection pressures are likely to be strong, different elements of the signal might be adapted for different receivers. Here, I combine sensory ecology with behavioural ecology to explain Heliconius colou
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16

Mochida, Koji. "Evolution of diversity in aposematic coloration." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/124457.

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17

Fay, Caitlin. "Aposematic Variation and the Evolution of Warning Coloration in Mammals." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10257635.

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<p> Aposematic prey animals use conspicuous, high contrast color patterns to warn potential predators that they possess a defense mechanism. Avian predators show an innate phobia of bold, contrasting color patterns, and can readily learn to avoid a prey item displaying bold warning coloration. Signal uniformity is important to promote predator learning and memory retention; however, there is documented variation in the aposematic pattern of many species, including the striped skunk (<i>Mephitis mephitis</i>). Most of the literature on aposematism refers to studies using avian predators and ins
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18

Prudic, Kathleen L. "Warning and Deception: Chemical, Behavioral, and Phylogenetic Studies of Aposematic Coloration and Mimicry." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194374.

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The study of aposematic coloration and mimicry has a long and distinguished history, and has stimulated scientific inquiry in areas as diverse as chemistry, evolution, ecology, and behavior. Yet, many questions regarding signal function and ecological dynamics remain unknown. This dissertation attempts to address some of these questions about how a visual warning signal functions and how the environment changes its efficacy. First, I evaluated the role of luminance contrast in aposematic signaling using milkweed bugs as model prey and Chinese mantids as model predators. Predators learned t
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19

Servedio, Maria Rose. "Preferences, signals, and evolution : theoretical studies of mate choice copying, reinforcement, and aposematic coloration /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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20

Roussel, Marie-France. "Does aposematic coloration of prey facilitate acquisition of feeding avoidance by the American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos)?" Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26536.

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Warning (aposematic) coloration generally involves highly conspicuous colors, which are usually displayed by different prey species in characteristic patterns. The key function of warning coloration is to advertise prey unpalatability to potential predators as well as to facilitate avoidance learning. Many studies have examined the effect of conspicuousness of prey compared to cryptic prey on avoidance learning by predators. However, no previous studies examined the effect of warning coloration of prey compared to conspicuous and cryptic coloration of prey on avoidance learning in wild-ranging
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21

Prates, Ivan [UNIFESP]. "Mimetismo em anfíbios: Colorido, morfologia cutânea e veneno em Ameerega picta, Leptodactylus lineatus e Leptodactylus andreae." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9817.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-25<br>A pele dos anfíbios atua em muitas funções vitais, relacionadas à atividade de dois tipos de glândulas cutâneas: mucosas e granulosas. As glândulas granulosas (de veneno) atuam na defesa química que caracteriza os anfíbios, secretando uma grande diversidade de compostos. A presença de secreções de alta toxicidade está frequentemente associada a padrões de colorido chamativos, ditos apossemáticos, reconhecidos e evitado por predadores. O colorido de espécies apossemáticas pode esta
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22

Ham, Abigail Doreen. "Preferences, learning and memory of colours and patterns in birds : the evolution and design of aposematic signals." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288162.

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There are several plausible explanations for the initial evolution of aposematism and warning signals but, since these all have support in the form of experimental evidence, it is unlikely that there is one single, simple evolutionary pathway. I investigated the influence of predator psychology on the design of aposematic signals and concentrated on the effects of (innate) colour preferences, learning and memory, using two species of avian predators: ('naYve') domestic chicks (Gallus domesticus) and wild (and therefore experienced) great tits (Paros major). I found that young chicks had innate
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23

Johansen, Aleksandra I. "Seasonal change in defensive coloration in a shieldbug." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Zoologiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-62466.

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Protective coloration such as aposematism and crypsis occurs in many insects but only a few species alter their defensive strategy during the same instar. We hypothesize the adult shield bug Graphosoma lineatum with an alternating black and non-melanised longitudinal striation exhibit such a change in defensive coloration. In Sweden, the non-melanised stripes of the pre-hibernation G. lineatum are pale brown and cryptic but they change during hibernation to red and aposematic. We have tested the adaptive functions of coloration of the two G. lineatum forms against bird predators. In Paper I we
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24

Adamová, Dana. "Faktory ovlivňující variabilitu v reakcích sýkor (Paridae) vůči nové a aposematické kořisti." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-353569.

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Inter-specific and intra-specific variation in reactions towards novel and aposematic prey was found in several species of tits (Paridae). This Ph.D. thesis is focusing on various factors influencing reactions towards novel and aposematic prey in three European species of tits. We tested differences in exploration behaviour, neophobia, dietary conservatism, personality, age and experience as well as ability of avoidance learning and generalisation. We found no difference in exploration behaviour and in reaction towards novel prey in two different populations of great tits (Parus major). But th
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MEJDA, Tomáš. "Reakce ptáků na invazní blánatku lipovou (Oxycarenus lavaterae)." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-396069.

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Oxycarenus lavaterae is species of Heteroptera and possessing pink blots on corium and distinctive, gleaming membranaceous wings. This appearance could correspond to the definition of a warning color. The design is similar to other coreoid Heteroptera, which live in the Czech Republic; though Oxycarenus lavaterae is a species originating from Mediterranean and quickly spreading north. In Czech Republic it is a new species and predators thus have only short experience with it.The information about chemical protection of Oxycarenus lavaterae is weak and the effect on predators has never been tes
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26

Darst, Catherine Rachel 1978. "Evolutionary and ecological dynamics of aposematism and mimicry in poison frogs." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/13000.

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27

Bednářová, Hana. "Role aldehydů v multimodální výstražné signalizaci ploštic." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-351446.

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1 Abstract: Multimodal signaling is quite common in nature. Even if we focus only on signaling among prey and its predator, we can still find many examples of communication combining more than one modality (vision, hearing, smell, taste). This thesis is about multimodal warning visual and olfactory signaling between true bugs (Heteroptera) and their avian predators. Aldehydes are an important compound of repellent secretion of most true bug species. They are considered to have defence effects against predators. In our experiments, we tested the effect of aldehydes mixture on behaviour of preda
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Santos, Juan Carlos. "Phylogeography and the evolution of correlated traits under multiple origins of aposematism in the poison frog family." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/6602.

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Living organisms are under selection not only for one, but also for several inheritable characters at the same time. Well-sampled and well-supported phylogenies are necessary for the studies of character evolution and their history. The poison frogs (Dendrobatidae) are a well-known example of aposematism in anurans. They include ~270 species of Neotropical frogs with aposematic (toxic and conspicuous) and non-defended (palatable and cryptic) species. The origin of aposematism in poison frogs is puzzling, because of its predicted low probability of establishment due to the prey's increased cons
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Malečková, Dana. "Reakce ptačích predátorů na různé složky repelentní sekrece ploštic." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-312473.

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Aposematic species of true bugs (Heteroptera) have multimodal signalization, which warns potential predators. This signalization consists of optical (coloration), chemical (unpalatable or repugnant substance) and acoustic (stridulation) warning signals. The aim of this thesis was to test whether the selected chemical substances have antipredatory function towards avian predators. Antipredatory function is anticipated in the chemical substances that form the majority in secretion in many taxa of true bugs (aldehydes and tridecane). In experiments with wild-caught great tits (Parus major) and bl
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30

TESAŘOVÁ, Monika. "Role osobnosti v ptačí reakci na výstražně zbarvenou kořist." Master's thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-44055.

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Personality and individual differences in reactions of the Great tit to aposematic prey were investigated. The aim of this study was to assess differences in personality of forty Great tits and find out possible correlation to the reactions of these birds to aposematic prey, the fifth larval instar of firebug Pyrrhocoris apterus.
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Raška, Jan. "Pavouci jako zdroje a příjemci antipredačních varovných signálů." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-404514.

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The introductory part of this thesis sums up the state of knowledge on aposematism and mimicry, the effect of aposematic and mimetic signals on spider predators, and cases when spiders do not receive but send such signals. Attachments of the thesis include four original manuscripts. In the first study, we presented jumping spiders (Evarcha arcuata, Salticidae) with different colour forms (red-and-black, yellow-and-black, white-and-black) of the firebug (Pyrrhocoris apterus, Pyrrhocoridae). Our goal was to compare reactions of the spiders to various intensity of aposematic signalization, expect
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32

VESELÝ, Petr. "Rozlišování nevhodné kořisti ptačími predátory." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-45591.

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The present PhD thesis comprises four published research papers and two manuscripts in preparation dealing with importace of particular parts of the warning signal in protection of insect prey against avian predators.
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VAŇKÁTOVÁ, Martina. "Reakce na zbarvení ruměnice pospolné (\kur{Pyrrhocoris apterus}) a jeho varianty u lidí." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-81823.

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So far, nobody examined a human reaction on aposematic signals. I used red firebug's coloration and its modifications in color and pattern for testing the human reactions. People showed refusing reaction on white color and on some types of eye spots. There is a big difference between reactions on red color and black color in different human groups. This needs further research.
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Binderová, Jana. "Účinnost multimodální výstražné signalizace Tritomegas sexmaculatus vůči ptačím predátorům." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-296667.

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Aposematic animals advertise their defensive mechanisms to potential predators using warning signals. Signalling through more than one sensory pathway is called multimodal warning display. Most experimental studies of aposematism have been focused on the effect of a particular warning signal rather than on importance of multimodal signalling. Focusing on the multimodal signalling of real prey is the best way how to understand its effect in nature. The present study is focused on comparing the effect of multimodal warning display of insect prey with its particular warning signals on two species
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Bělová, Magdalena. "Role sociálního učení při vytváření averze vůči aposematické kořisti u ptačích predátorů." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-388367.

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Social learning is a topic of many studies. We tested the effect of social learning on the acquisition of avoidance against aposematic prey. We have chosen wild-caught adult and naive hand-reared juvenile great tits (Parus major) as a model predator species, because their individual avoidance learnig of aposematic prey is well-studied. We used red and green paper dummies of bugs with a mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) stuck underneath as an artificial prey. Mealworms were soaked in water or in bitter-tasting solution of quinine. We used two types of conspecific demonstrators - naive birds that show
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36

Beranová, Eliška. "Explorace, neofobie a potravní konzervatismus u sýkor." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-306665.

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Neophobia and exploratory behaviour are two processes applied in great measure in birds' reactions towards novel stimuli. The specific demonstration of these two processes may differ between different species of birds as well as within them. We compared neophobia and exploratory behaviour in two species of tits (Paridae). Adult Great tits (Parus major) and Blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) did not differ neither in exploring novel environment and novel object nor in neophobia towards novel object near food. We have found great differences between juveniles of these two species. Juvenile Blue tit
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37

Brandley, Nicholas. "Ultimate Causes and Consequences of Coloration in North American Black Widows." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9954.

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<p>Researchers have long assumed that black widow coloration functions as a warning signal to avian predators. However adult female black widow coloration does not resemble typical warning coloration in two distinct ways. First, black widows are less colorful than most other documented aposematic species. Second, the hourglass shape of an adult female varies both between species and within a site. Here I examine the ultimate causes and consequences of North American black widow coloration. </p><p>In chapter two I present data that suggest that black widow coloration not only functions as an ap
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Chalušová, Kateřina. "Reakce ptáků na ploštice ze skupiny Lygaeoidea: efektivita chemické obrany." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-388399.

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By warning signalling prey advertises its unpalatability to the predators. Typical examples are true bugs (Heteroptera) combining optical and chemical signals. The aim of this study was to find out the effectiveness of chemical defence against wild-caught adults of great tits (Parus major) and blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) and towards hand-reared juveniles of great tits. The tested prey were adults and larvae of two invasive species of genus Oxycarenus (Heteroptera: Oxycarenidae) (aposematic O. lavaterae, non-aposematic O. hyalinipennis), adults of Horvathiolus superbus (Heteroptera: Lygaeid
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"Iridescent, Distasteful, and Blue: Effectiveness of Short-Wavelength, Iridescent Coloration as a Warning Signal in the Pipevine Swallowtail Butterfly (Battus philenor)." Doctoral diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.29629.

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abstract: Warning coloration deters predators from attacking prey that are defended, usually by being distasteful, toxic, or otherwise costly for predators to pursue and consume. Predators may have an innate response to warning colors or learn to associate them with a defense through trial and error. In general, predators should select for warning signals that are easy to learn and recognize. Previous research demonstrates long-wavelength colors (e.g. red and yellow) are effective because they are readily detected and learned. However, a number of defended animals display short-wavelength colo
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Raška, Jan. "Reakce skákavky Evarcha arcuata na aposematické ploštice." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-312855.

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Jan Raška: Reactions of the jumping spider Evarcha arcuata to aposematic true bugs Abstract: This paper studies the effect of qualities of a prey on predatory behaviour of Evarcha arcuata (Araneae: Salticidae). Naturally coloured aposematic larveae of Pyrrhocoris apterus have been compared to two types of prey: 1) to identically coloured but in defensive secretion different larvae of Scantius aegyptius, and 2) differently coloured larvae of white mutants of P. apterus. The defensive secretion of S. aegyptius has been found less effective in the first interaction with predator than that of P. a
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Pipek, Pavel. "Antipredační funkce fulgurace u ploštic (na příkladu druhu Coreus marginatus)." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-296220.

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1 Abstract Aim of the present study was to test antipredatory function of fulguration (or flash display), which means sudden exposition of conspicous body part on otherwise cryptic animal during escape. Adult squash bugs (Coreus marginatus; Heteroptera) were used as model prey, while as model predator served two species of passerine birds - blue tit (Cyanistes caerulus) and great tit (Parus major). Three approaches were undertaken. Test of palatability should have assessed the efficiency of squash bug chemical defence against bird predators. Experiment was carried out in experimental cage with
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Crothers, Laura Rose. "Intrasexual selection and warning color evolution in an aposematic poison dart frog." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/30933.

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Flamboyant colors are widespread throughout the animal kingdom. While many of these traits arise through sexual selection, bright coloration can also evolve through natural selection. Many aposematic species, for example, use conspicuous warning coloration to communicate their noxiousness to predators. Recent research suggests these signals can also function in the context of mate choice. Studies of warning color evolution can therefore provide new insights into how the interplay of natural and sexual selection impact the trajectory of conspicuous signal evolution. For my dissertation, I inves
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Kuklová, Lucia. "Faktory ovlivňující efektivitu aposematických signálů vůči ptačím predátorům." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-446333.

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This thesis focuses on various factors affecting effectiveness of aposematic signals against avian predators. Adult, wild-caught as well as hand-reared juvenile great tits (Parus major) were used as predators in the experiments. The thesis consists of the following four studies. In the first study, we compared the reactions of great tits from two geographically distant populations toward aposematic firebugs (Pyrrhocoris apterus) and their non-aposematic artificially made colour variant. The birds from the Bohemian population mostly avoided aposematic firebugs and attacked non-aposematic varian
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Skoumalová, Žaneta. "Faktory ovlivňující paměť ptačích predátorů pro aposematické signály." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-380189.

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The ability to memorize and recognize edible prey from inedible prey is essential for an individuals survival. Many species use aposematic signals for their defense. These are most often represented by distinctive colors or contrast patterns. The aim of this study was to find out in which time the memory consolidation for aposematic pray is achieved and if color or pattern increase its memorability. The choosen model species was the Great tit (Parus major). The comparision was done between handreared naïve birds and wild-caught adults of different age and sex. During the discriminatory task of
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Chouteau, Mathieu. "Sélection et polymorphisme chez des grenouilles mimétiques du Pérou (Dendrobatidae)." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5514.

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La diversification des signaux aposématiques dans un cadre de mimétisme müllérien est un phénomène intrigant. Alors que la théorie relative à l'aposématisme et au mimétisme suggère l'évolution vers un signal aposématique unique, d'impressionnantes variations peuvent être observées entre les populations, et cela à petite échelle spatiale. Il a été supposé que la variation spatiale des pressions de sélection engendrées par différents prédateurs puisse être à l'origine de ce phénomène. Afin de tester cette hypothèse, nous avons étudié la transition entre deux systèmes géographiques caractérisés p
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Marešová, Jana. "Lidské preference živočišných druhů a jejich vliv na druhovou ochranu." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-312190.

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The dissertation thesis deals with human aesthetic preference to other species and its anthropological and conservation aspect. The aesthetic preference to animal species has rarely been systematically studied before and quantitative analyses, especially on a fine taxonomic scale did not exist. On the other hand, it was known that attractive species often receive more support for their conservation. From these simple facts rose the idea to test human aesthetic preference to snake species (and consequently to species across major vertebrate taxa) and use this quantified preference to explain th
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Leathers, Jason Wayne. "Evolution of aposematic warning coloration in parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera:Braconidae)." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/33311.

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Many Hymenoptera, with their painful stings and noxious chemical defenses, exhibit bright aposematic warning color patterns and are the most frequently mimicked group of organisms. Such aposematic color patterns are found in parasitic wasps of the Neotropical Compsobracon group (Braconidae). Many members of this group exhibit color patterns similar to several thousand other species of Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, sawflies, assassin bugs, flies, moths, and beetles. One hypothesis to explain this observation is that the members of the complex and their colors are generated by multiple cospeciation
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Kuo, Yu-Wei, and 郭育瑋. "Aposematic coloration enhances the memory ability in a lizard." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08402404577139994934.

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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>生命科學系所<br>105<br>Unpalatable prey with aposematic coloration can be easily recognized by predators, and the conspicuous signal of prey may enhance learning speed and memory retention in predators. In this study, a visual-oriented agamid predator (Japalura swinhonis) was used to test whether aposematic coloration enhances discrimination ability toward distasteful prey in lizards. Predatory reactions of lizards to quinine-flavoured crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) with aposematic coloration (red) and non-aposematic coloration (green) were recorded after first learning trial. The re
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Wang, Lu-Yi, and 王露翊. "Too hard to swallow: A secret secondary defense of an aposematic insect." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5389d2.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>生命科學系<br>106<br>1. Anti-predator strategies are significant components of adaptation for prey species. The advance of the secondary defenses like toxins have led to the evolution of warning colours that benefit both prey and predators by mutual avoidance. Therefore aposematic prey are expected to possess effective secondary defenses evolved together with their warning colours. 2. This study tested the hypothesis of secondary defensive function and ecological significance of the hard body in aposematic Pachyrhynchus weevils, which was pioneered by Alfred Russel Wallace nearly
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Skow, Christa Danielle. "Jumping spiders and aposematic prey: The role of contextual cues during avoidance learning." 2007. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3254952.

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A large number of studies on both animals and humans have demonstrated that learning is influenced by context, or secondary cues that are present when an association is formed. The mechanistic aspects of context-dependent memory retrieval, or the context shift effect, have been well studied in strictly controlled laboratory settings. However, the adaptive value of attending to contextual cues in ecologically relevant situations has received considerably less attention. The goal of this dissertation is to examine the functional value of attending to context during learning. The jumping spider P
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