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Journal articles on the topic 'Approach flow velocity'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Cao, Chen, Shengyuan Song, Jianping Chen, Lianjing Zheng, and Yuanyuan Kong. "An Approach to Predict Debris Flow Average Velocity." Water 9, no. 3 (2017): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w9030205.

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Sherratt, Anthony, Christopher T. DeGroot, Anthony G. Straatman, and Domenico Santoro. "A numerical approach for determining the resistance of fine mesh filters." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 43, no. 2 (2019): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2018-0071.

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Characterizing the resistance of mesh filters, in terms of pressure drop as a function of flow velocity, is an important part of modeling any filtration process. Most commonly, filters are characterized experimentally, which can be costly and time-consuming. This motivates a generalized numerical approach for characterizing the resistance of mesh filters based on the flow through a representative segment of a filter. There is uncertainty, however, in the correct specification of boundary conditions such that the numerical results for flow through the small segment match the overall behaviour o

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Lei, Gang, Nai Cao, Di Liu, and Huijie Wang. "A Non-Linear Flow Model for Porous Media Based on Conformable Derivative Approach." Energies 11, no. 11 (2018): 2986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11112986.

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Prediction of the non-linear flow in porous media is still a major scientific and engineering challenge, despite major technological advances in both theoretical and computational thermodynamics in the past two decades. Specifically, essential controls on non-linear flow in porous media are not yet definitive. The principal aim of this paper is to develop a meaningful and reasonable quantitative model that manifests the most important fundamental controls on low velocity non-linear flow. By coupling a new derivative with fractional order, referred to conformable derivative, Swartzendruber equa

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Mrokowska, M. M., P. M. Rowiński, and M. B. Kalinowska. "A methodological approach of estimating resistance to flow under unsteady flow conditions." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 19, no. 10 (2015): 4041–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4041-2015.

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Abstract. This paper presents an evaluation and analysis of resistance parameters: friction slope, friction velocity and Manning coefficient in unsteady flow. The methodology to enhance the evaluation of resistance by relations derived from flow equations is proposed. The main points of the methodology are (1) to choose a resistance relation with regard to a shape of a channel and (2) type of wave, (3) to choose an appropriate method to evaluate slope of water depth, and (4) to assess the uncertainty of result. In addition to a critical analysis of existing methods, new approaches are presente

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Chen, Yang, and Kevin J. Maki. "A velocity decomposition approach for three-dimensional unsteady flow." European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids 62 (March 2017): 94–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2016.11.011.

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6

Ruas, V. "On the velocity-vorticity approach to viscous incompressible flow." Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 6, no. 3 (1999): 223–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02896424.

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7

Elgamal, Mohamed. "Mapping Mean Velocity Field over Bed Forms Using Simplified Empirical-Moment Concept Approach." Water 15, no. 19 (2023): 3351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15193351.

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The log-wake law was successful in mapping velocity fields for uniform flow over flat surfaces, even in cases of wake effects (velocity dips, wall effects, and secondary currents). However, natural riverbeds with undulations and bedforms challenge these models. This study introduces a moment-based empirical method for rough estimation of the velocity fields over stationary 2D bedforms. It proposes three polynomial velocity profile templates (first, fifth, and eighth orders) with coefficients deduced analytically while taking into account an array of flow conditions and assumptions, including s

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Mäkipere, Krista, and Piroz Zamankhan. "Simulation of Fiber Suspensions—A Multiscale Approach." Journal of Fluids Engineering 129, no. 4 (2006): 446–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2567952.

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The present effort is the development of a multiscale modeling, simulation methodology for investigating complex phenomena arising from flowing fiber suspensions. The present approach is capable of coupling behaviors from the Kolmogorov turbulence scale through the full-scale system in which a fiber suspension is flowing. Here the key aspect is adaptive hierarchical modeling. Numerical results are presented for which focus is on fiber floc formation and destruction by hydrodynamic forces in turbulent flows. Specific consideration was given to dynamic simulations of viscoelastic fibers in which

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Sambu, Mathan, Izzuddin Zaman, Bukhari Manshoor, et al. "Numerical Simulation of Fixed-Free End Beam’s Modal Behaviour using Two-Way Coupled Fluid-Structure Interaction Approach." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 125, no. 1 (2024): 148–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/aram.125.1.148160.

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The fluid flow velocity stands as a pivotal parameter with a great influence on the mutual interaction between the fluid domain and structure. This paper focuses on structural deformation, structural velocity, von-Mises stress and frequency response of a fixed-free end beam using two-way coupled fluid-structure interaction within ANSYS Workbench. The parameters such as deformed fluid pressure and velocity were analysed across three diverse flow regimes: laminar, transitional and turbulent – each aligned with distinct fluid velocities. The outcomes show that the total deformation, velocity and

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Kumar, Bhuvaneshvar, and G. S. Seth. "MHD stagnation point transient flow of a nanofluid past a stretching sheet: SRM approach." Latin American Applied Research - An international journal 49, no. 3 (2019): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.52292/j.laar.2019.77.

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Stagnation point nanofluid flow over a stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium is investigated in the present model by taking Navier’s velocity sip into account. The spectral relaxation method (SRM) is utilized to solve boundary layer equations. The variation of nanofluid velocity, concentration and temperature corresponding to some dominant flow parameters is displayed via graphs. The findings reveal that when stretching sheet is moving faster than free stream then porous permeability, unsteadiness, velocity slip and magnetic parameters have tendency to reduce fluid velocity but in oppos

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11

Abdallah, S., and R. E. Henderson. "Improved Approach to the Streamline Curvature Method in Turbomachinery." Journal of Fluids Engineering 109, no. 3 (1987): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3242650.

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Quasi three dimensional blade-to-blade solutions for stators and rotors of turbomachines are obtained using the Streamline Curvature Method (SLCM). The first-order velocity gradient equation of the SLCM, traditionally solved for the velocity field, is reformulated as a second-order elliptic differential equation and employed in tracing the streamtubes throughout the flow field. The equation of continuity is then used to calculate the velocity. The present method has the following advantages. First, it preserves the ellipticity of the flow field in the solution of the second-order velocity grad

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12

Geeraerts, Thomas, Wissam Thome, Sébastien Tanaka, Pierre Etienne Leblanc, Jacques Duranteau, and Bernard Vigué. "An Alternative Ultrasonographic Approach to Assess Basilar Artery Flow." Operative Neurosurgery 68, suppl_2 (2011): ons276—ons281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0b013e3182124835.

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Abstract Background: Assessment of basilar artery blood flow is of interest in many neurosurgical situations. With use of ultrasonography, the standard posterior approach is difficult in neurointensive care. Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of an alternative submandibular approach for the assessment of blood flow in the basilar artery. Method: Fifty adult trauma patients without cervical spine injury were included in a prospective, comparative study. Doppler color-coded sonography of the basilar artery was performed using a 2-MHz pulsed probe. Blood flow velocities and pulsatility indexes o

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13

Horbatiuk, Jeffrey, Lubna Alazzawi, and Carolyn A. Harris. "The flow limiting operator: a new approach to environmental control in flow bioreactors." RSC Advances 10, no. 52 (2020): 31056–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra05128d.

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FLO is a high-throughput bioreactor for testing biomaterials in more physiologically similar environments including pulsation amplitude, flow rate, and pressure waveforms which is done through the manipulation of fluid velocity.

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Palchoudhury, Soubantika, Parnab Das, Amirehsan Ghasemi, et al. "A Novel Experimental Approach to Understand the Transport of Nanodrugs." Materials 16, no. 15 (2023): 5485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16155485.

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Nanoparticle-based drugs offer attractive advantages like targeted delivery to the diseased site and size and shape-controlled properties. Therefore, understanding the particulate flow of the nanodrugs is important for effective delivery, accurate prediction of required dosage, and developing efficient drug delivery platforms for nanodrugs. In this study, the transport of nanodrugs including flow velocity and deposition is investigated using three model metal oxide nanodrugs of different sizes including iron oxide, zinc oxide, and combined Cu-Zn-Fe oxide synthesized via a modified polyol appro

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15

Caposciutti, G., and L. Ferrari. "Acoustic pyrometry for flow velocity estimation: preliminary analysis." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2511, no. 1 (2023): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2511/1/012024.

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Abstract Acoustic pyrometry uses the variations of the speed of sound in a medium to determine its temperature. One of the assumptions at the base of this technique is that the flow velocity component in the direction of the acoustic path is negligible in comparison to the speed of sound. However, if the temperature of the medium is known, the acoustic pyrometry approach can be used to determine flow speed, as long as the flow is not perpendicular to the acoustic path. The combined approach of temperature and velocity determination is also known as acoustic tomography. This technique allows th

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Ming, Ruiqing, and Huiqun He. "A New Approach for Accurate Prediction of Liquid Loading of Directional Gas Wells in Transition Flow or Turbulent Flow." Journal of Chemistry 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4969765.

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Current common models for calculating continuous liquid-carrying critical gas velocity are established based on vertical wells and laminar flow without considering the influence of deviation angle and Reynolds number on liquid-carrying. With the increase of the directional well in transition flow or turbulent flow, the current common models cannot accurately predict the critical gas velocity of these wells. So we built a new model to predict continuous liquid-carrying critical gas velocity for directional well in transition flow or turbulent flow. It is shown from sensitivity analysis that the

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17

Chowdhury, M. Nasimul, Abdul A. Khan, and Oscar Castro-Orgaz. "A Numerical Approach to Analyzing Shallow Flows over Rough Surfaces." Fluids 9, no. 9 (2024): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids9090204.

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The hydraulic characteristics (such as velocity profiles, near-bed velocity profile, bed shear stress, and resistance coefficients) of shallow flows over rough surfaces were investigated using numerical simulations. A novel method is presented to simulate shallow flows over rough surfaces in a two-dimensional (2D) numerical domain, where the physical numerical domain represents bed topography. Results reveal that the model can accurately predict spatially averaged velocity profiles, turbulence characteristics, shear stresses, and uniform flow depths. The analysis identified two distinct flow r

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18

Xie, Bubu, Cai Chen, Yihao Lin, et al. "Integrated Approach to Obtain Gas Flow Velocity in Convection Reflow Soldering Oven." Symmetry 15, no. 9 (2023): 1739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15091739.

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The nozzle-matrix gas flow velocity has a great influence on the accuracy of the temperature field of a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) during the hot air convection reflow soldering process. This paper proposes a new approach that integrates the theoretical calculation, numerical simulation and an experimental test to accurately determine the nozzle-matrix gas flow velocity. First, the temperature profile of the aluminum alloy thin plate in convection reflow ovens is measured using a Wiken tester. Second, the nozzle-matrix gas flow velocity is theoretically calculated with the Martin fo

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19

Önen, Fevzi, and Hayrullah Agaçcioglu. "Scour at a side-weir intersection located on an alluvial river." Hydrology Research 38, no. 2 (2007): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2007.005.

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An experimental investigation of the equilibrium depth of local scour around side-weirs located on an alluvial river is presented in this paper. A sand bar in the middle of the channel and a scour hole close to the weir side is formed because of changes in shear stress field and velocity at the downstream end of the side weir. The depth of clear-water scour increases by time and approaches the equilibrium state asymptotically depending on approach flow velocity. The equilibrium depth of scour increases by the increase of the dimensionless parameters of approach flow velocity, water head ratio,

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20

GU, XIAO-JUN, and DAVID R. EMERSON. "A high-order moment approach for capturing non-equilibrium phenomena in the transition regime." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 636 (September 25, 2009): 177–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002211200900768x.

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The method of moments is employed to extend the validity of continuum-hydrodynamic models into the transition-flow regime. An evaluation of the regularized 13 moment equations for two confined flow problems, planar Couette and Poiseuille flows, indicates some important limitations. For planar Couette flow at a Knudsen number of 0.25, they fail to reproduce the Knudsen-layer velocity profile observed using a direct simulation Monte Carlo approach, and the higher-order moments are not captured particularly well. Moreover, for Poiseuille flow, this system of equations creates a large slip velocit

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21

Zhang, Wenjiao, Nengming Hu, Yiyi Yang, Zhongmei Wang, and Xing Zhao. "Shape optimization of the spillway approach channel of Baleh Hydropower Project based on numerical simulation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2599, no. 1 (2023): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2599/1/012038.

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Abstract Baleh Hydropower Project has a protruding headland between the spillway inlet and the power intake structure. Based on the results of the model tests, the velocity gradient near the protruding headland under high flow conditions is large and an unstable vortex occurs. To address the unfavorable flow problems of the original spillway approach channel, this paper simulates the original spillway approach channel using a three-dimensional turbulence numerical model and verifies it with the model tests, and provides numerical simulation results for two optimized cases: excavation and backf

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22

Setyandito, Oki, Alfaldo Branoyasensa Baria, Andiensa Hana Insyira, Farell, and Martin Anda. "Methodological Approach to Flow Distribution Over a Crump Weir Using 2D Physical Simulation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1488, no. 1 (2025): 012134. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1488/1/012134.

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Abstract This study investigates the flow characteristics over a Crump weir in a 2-meter open-channel flume using particle tracking and video frame-per-second (FPS) analysis. Sand particles were introduced into the flow as tracers, and their movements were recorded at 30 FPS to determine the velocity distribution across varying depths and locations. The experimental data were used to compute flow velocities, which were subsequently validated against theoretical equations, including Bernoulli’s equation and empirical weir flow equations. The results show a general increase in flow velocity with

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23

Wu, Zhao, Gan, and Ma. "Measuring Surface Velocity of Water Flow by Dense Optical Flow Method." Water 11, no. 11 (2019): 2320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112320.

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Recent advances in video processing technology have provided a new approach to measuring the surface velocity of water flow (SVWF). However, most of the previous researches using video processing technology depended on tracers for target tracing, requiring spraying tracers in the measurement process. These methods are not convenient for velocity measurement. In this study, a dense optical flow method (Farneback optical flow method) was used to process the water flow video to get the estimated SVWFs. The estimated SVWFs were verified by the actual SVWFs measured by a portable propeller velocime

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Soares, Lucas Lincoln Fonseca, Nelson Manzanares-Filho, and Ramiro Gustavo Ramirez Camacho. "Velocity decomposition approach for steady incompressible flow around multiple bodies." European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids 94 (July 2022): 60–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2022.02.003.

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25

Marini, Gustavo, Giuseppe De Martino, Nicola Fontana, Mauro Fiorentino, and Vijay P. Singh. "Entropy approach for 2D velocity distribution in open-channel flow." Journal of Hydraulic Research 49, no. 6 (2011): 784–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221686.2011.635889.

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26

Zijl, Wouter, Max Hendriks, and Marcel’t Hart. "A Velocity-Based Approach to Visco-Elastic Flow of Rock." Mathematical Geology 37, no. 2 (2005): 141–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11004-005-1306-5.

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Hubay, Csanád Árpád, Bálint Papp, and Tamás Kalmár-Nagy. "Turbulent Flow in Street Canyons: A Complexity Approach." Entropy 27, no. 5 (2025): 488. https://doi.org/10.3390/e27050488.

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Velocity measurements and simulations in an idealized urban environment were studied, focusing on turbulent flow over street canyons. Time series of fluctuating velocities were considered as marked point processes, and the distribution of mean residence times was characterized using a lognormal fit. The quadrant method was applied to transform time series into symbolic sequences, enabling the investigation of their information content. By analyzing word frequency and normalized entropy levels, we compared measured and simulated sequences with periodic symbol sequences with and without noise. O

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Arif, M. Ziaul, Aku Seppänen, Ville Kolehmainen, and Marko Vauhkonen. "Dual-Modal Electrical Imaging of Two-Phase Flow—Experimental Evaluation of the State Estimation Approach." Sensors 23, no. 9 (2023): 4462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23094462.

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Accurate measurement of two-phase flow quantities is essential for managing production in many industries. However, the inherent complexity of two-phase flow often makes estimating these quantities difficult, necessitating the development of reliable techniques for quantifying two-phase flow. In this paper, we investigated the feasibility of using state estimation for dynamic image reconstruction in dual-modal tomography of two-phase oil–water flow. We utilized electromagnetic flow tomography (EMFT) to estimate velocity fields and electrical tomography (ET) to determine phase fraction distribu

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Iqbal, Zahid, Ehtsham Azhar, Zaffar Mehmood, and Abid Kamran. "Unsteady transport of MHD mixed convection inspired by thermal radiation and partial slip performance: Finite difference approach." Thermal Science 23, no. 3 Part B (2019): 1875–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci170420160i.

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Background: In this article mixed convection boundary layer flow of MHD fluid on permeable stretching surface is investigated under the effects of velocity and thermal slip. The physical unsteady problem is examined by considering thermal radiation effects on momentum and thermal boundary-layer flow. Different from available literature, in the present study we consider mix convective flow, thermal radiation, transverse applied magnetic field, velocity, and thermal slip. Methodology: The transform non-linear system of differential equation is tackled numerically by the aid of finite difference

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Seo, Dongmin, Seungmin Yoon, Jaemin Park, et al. "Optical Flow Sensor with Fluorescent-Conjugated Hyperelastic Pillar: A Biomimetic Approach." Biomimetics 9, no. 12 (2024): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics9120721.

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Although the Doppler velocity log is widely applied to measure underwater fluid flow, it requires high power and is inappropriate for measuring low flow velocity. This study proposes a fluid flow sensor that utilizes optical flow sensing. The proposed sensor mimics the neuromast of a fish by attaching a phosphor to two pillar structures (A and B) produced using ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber. The optical signal emitted by the phosphor is measured using a camera. An experiment was conducted to apply an external force to the reactive part using a push–pull force gauge sensor to confirm

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Jassal, Gauresh Raj, Erkki Somersalo, Daniela Calvetti, and Bryan Eric Schmidt. "A Bayesian Approach To Locally Varying Regularization In Optical Flow Velocimetry." Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Application of Laser and Imaging Techniques to Fluid Mechanics 21 (July 8, 2024): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.55037/lxlaser.21st.102.

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A recent method for determining accurate, dense velocity fields from a pair of particle images is to solve the optical flow problem, but the ill-posed inverse problem of optical flow velocimetry (OFV) generally entails minimizing a weighted sum of two terms--fidelity and regularization--and the weights in the sum are parameters that require manual tuning based on the flow properties and particle images. This tuning of the weighting parameters makes the experimental applicability of the method much more challenging as the calculated velocity field has demonstrated sensitivity to the value of th

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OBERLACK, MARTIN. "A unified approach for symmetries in plane parallel turbulent shear flows." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 427 (January 25, 2001): 299–328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112000002408.

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A new theoretical approach for turbulent flows based on Lie-group analysis is presented. It unifies a large set of ‘solutions’ for the mean velocity of stationary parallel turbulent shear flows. These results are not solutions in the classical sense but instead are defined by the maximum number of possible symmetries, only restricted by the flow geometry and other external constraints. The approach is derived from the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations, the fluctuation equations, and the velocity product equations, which are the dyad product of the velocity fluctuations with the equatio

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Bello, Kelani, Babs Mufutau Oyeneyin, and Gbenga Folorunso Oluyemi. "A Novel Approach to Subsea Multiphase Solid Transport." Advanced Materials Research 367 (October 2011): 413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.367.413.

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Transportation of multiphase reservoir fluid through subsea tiebacks has gained considerable attention in recent years especially in the deep offshore and ultra deep offshore environments where there is increasing pressure on the operators to reduce development costs without compromising oil production. However, the main challenge associated with this means of transporting unprocessed reservoir fluids is the need to guarantee flow assurance and optimise production. Solids entrained in the fluid may drop off and settle at the bottom of horizontal pipe thereby reducing the space available to flo

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Ebaid, M. S. Y., F. S. Bhinder, and G. H. Khdairi. "A Unified Approach for Designing a Radial Flow Gas Turbine." Journal of Turbomachinery 125, no. 3 (2003): 598–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1574824.

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Radial flow turbo machines have been used for a long time in a variety of applications such as turbochargers, cryogenics, auxiliary power units, and air conditioning of aircraft cabins. Hence numerous papers have been written on the design and performance of these machines. The only justification for yet another paper is that it would describe a unified approach for designing a single stage inward flow radial turbine comprising a rotor and the casing. The current turbine is designed to drive a direct-coupled permanent magnet high-speed alternator running at 60000 rpm and developing a maximum o

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Moramarco, Tommaso, Carla Saltalippi, and Vijay P. Singh. "Velocity profiles assessment in natural channels during high floods." Hydrology Research 42, no. 2-3 (2011): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2011.064.

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The accuracy of three different approaches for velocity profiles assessment during high floods, when the velocity points sampling is carried out only in the upper portion of the flow area, has been investigated. The first two methods assume the classical logarithmic law with additional terms, to take account of the dip-phenomenon in the velocity profile. The third one is based on the entropy theory and uses the maximum flow velocity occurring in the flow area. A sample of velocity measurements carried out at Pontelagoscuro gauged section (Po River, Italy), has been considered for the analysis.

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Dang, Khyati, Vinita Makkar, and Naresh Sharma. "Radiative MHD Casson Non-Newtonian Nanofluid Slip Flow Induced by Stretching Cylinder: A Numerical Approach." Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 17, no. 38 (2024): 3993–4004. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v17i38.1978.

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Objectives: This article investigates the continuous magnetohydrodynamics slip flow across an extending cylinder, including heat radiation and free stream velocity. The proposed model incorporated the Brownian motion parameter and thermophoresis. Methods: Applying the similarity transformation to a system of partial differential equations yields an ordinary differential equation of first order. Since, there is the nonlinear nature of the modified equations, these ordinary differential equations are addressed by employing mathematical modeling. The shooting process has been embraced to solve ch

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Lehtikangas, Ossi, Kimmo Karhunen, and Marko Vauhkonen. "Reconstruction of velocity fields in electromagnetic flow tomography." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2070 (2016): 20150334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0334.

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Electromagnetic flow meters (EMFMs) are the gold standard in measuring flow velocity in process industry. The flow meters can measure the mean flow velocity of conductive liquids and slurries. A drawback of this approach is that the velocity field cannot be determined. Asymmetric axial flows, often encountered in multiphase flows, pipe elbows and T-junctions, are problematic and can lead to serious systematic errors. Recently, electromagnetic flow tomography (EMFT) has been proposed for measuring velocity fields using several coils and a set of electrodes attached to the surface of the pipe. I

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Hou, Zibing, Zhiqiang Peng, Qian Liu, Zhongao Guo, and Hongbiao Dong. "A New Approach to Calculate the Velocity of Interdendritic Fluid Flow during Solidification Using Etched Surface Height of Actual Metal Ingot." Metals 11, no. 6 (2021): 927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11060927.

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Macrosegregation remains one of main defects affecting metal materials properties, which is mainly caused by interdendritic fluid flow during solidifying. However, as for controlling actual specific segregation, it is still difficult to effectively measure or simulate this kind flow instead of pure fluid flow, especially in complex casting processes of high-grade materials. Herein, a new method for obtaining velocity magnitude and direction of interdendritic fluid flow during metal solidifying is proposed from boundary layer and standard deviation obtained by measuring etched surface heights o

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Njegovec, Matej, Simon Pevec, and Denis Donlagic. "Optical Micro-Wire Flow-Velocity Sensor." Sensors 21, no. 12 (2021): 4025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21124025.

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This paper presents a short response time, all-silica, gas-flow-velocity sensor. The active section of the sensor consists of a 16 µm diameter, highly optically absorbing micro-wire, which is heated remotely by a 980 nm light source. The heated microwire forms a Fabry–Perot interferometer whose temperature is observed at standard telecom wavelengths (1550 nm). The short response time of the sensor allows for different interrogation approaches. Direct measurement of the sensor’s thermal time constant allowed for flow-velocity measurements independent of the absolute heating power delivered to t

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Yanada, H., and Y. Takikawa. "Experimental Approach to Electrostatic Liquid Filtration Using a Single Fibre Model: Part 2: Effects of Mechanical Factors." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 208, no. 6 (1994): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1994_208_144_02.

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This paper is concerned with an experimental investigation of an electrostatic liquid filter in which a collector is modelled as a single fibre. The effects of mechanical factors such as flow velocity, electric field strength, relative arrangement of collector fibre to flow, etc., on the deposition quantity of particles are studied. The study has shown that a flow velocity exists which produces a maximum deposition quantity and the value of the velocity varies from one test oil to another. It has been found that the deposition quantity is strongly affected by the relative arrangement of the co

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Wen, Cen, and Guo Jin Ran. "Navigable Flow Condition Numerical Simulation for Approach Channel of Tiangongtang Junction." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 2444–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.2444.

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The 2D steady flow mathematical model simulate the navigable flow condition for entrance and connection reach in the upstream and downstream approach channels of Tiangongtang junction corresponding to different quantity of flow, and discuss the flow condition for navigation at entrance area of approach channels. It obtains the flow velocity and flow regime by calculation, and put forward some measures for improving navigation flow conditions.

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Rahuman, Sini, Mohamed Ismail, and ShylaManavalan Varghese. "Simulation of 3D Flow Around the Rhizophora Mangrove Tree." NeuroQuantology 20, no. 5 (2022): 1034–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/nq.2022.20.5.nq22246.

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There are many natural calamities that are occurring in the world such as Tsunamis, mudslides, cyclones, and typhoons. The villages near the coast are destroyed and many people are dying every year because of these calamities. This research work investigates how Mangroves can protect the area near by the coast and how it can reduce the velocity of the fluid. The computational fluid dynamics is a great tool that can perform numerical simulation and can investigate the issues with less cost but in very realistic approach. In this study water velocity is taken as a step function and unsteady k ep

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Pandey, Arun, Sajan Shrestha, Jim Abregu, et al. "Erosion Induced Flow Changes in Pelton Bucket: A Numerical Approach." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1385, no. 1 (2024): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1385/1/012014.

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Abstract The hydro-turbines working in sediment-laden conditions often experience some material loss from their surface, which modifies the surface design. This material loss alters the mechanical strength of the turbine component as well as the corresponding flow phenomenon. These changes in the flow pattern can lead to efficiency losses, but they can also be exploited to determine the actual condition of the component in real time. In fact, if detected, they can be useful for developing maintenance strategies to predict the turbine conditions in real time. To compare the flow parameters, a n

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Schulze, K., M. Hunger, and P. Döll. "Simulating river flow velocity on global scale." Advances in Geosciences 5 (December 16, 2005): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-5-133-2005.

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Abstract. Flow velocity in rivers has a major impact on residence time of water and thus on high and low water as well as on water quality. For global scale hydrological modeling only very limited information is available for simulating flow velocity. Based on the Manning-Strickler equation, a simple algorithm to model temporally and spatially variable flow velocity was developed with the objective of improving flow routing in the global hydrological model of WaterGAP. An extensive data set of flow velocity measurements in US rivers was used to test and to validate the algorithm before integra

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Guo, Hao, Yimei Tian, Hailiang Shen, Yi Wang, and Mengxin Kang. "A landscape lake flow pattern design approach based on automated CFD simulation and parallel multiple objective optimization." Water Science and Technology 74, no. 5 (2016): 1155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.308.

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A design approach for determining the optimal flow pattern in a landscape lake is proposed based on FLUENT simulation, multiple objective optimization, and parallel computing. This paper formulates the design into a multi-objective optimization problem, with lake circulation effects and operation cost as two objectives, and solves the optimization problem with non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II. The lake flow pattern is modelled in FLUENT. The parallelization aims at multiple FLUENT instance runs, which is different from the FLUENT internal parallel solver. This approach: (1) proposes

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Rafati, Yashar, Zhen Cheng, Xiao Yu, Tian-Jian Hsu, and Joseph Calantoni. "MODELING COARSE SAND TRANSPORT UNDER SKEWED OSCILLATORY FLOW USING A CFD-DEM APPROACH." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.sediment.18.

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Onshore/offshore sediment transport in the nearshore is an important mechanism driving the evolution of coastal morphology. The so-called sheet flow is a transport regime, in which the flow forces are intense such that a large amount of transport occurs in a concentrated layer near the bed. Onshore transport is often associated with flow skewness/asymmetry. In the nearshore zone, due to the bottom slope and wave shoaling, the wave velocity tends be onshore skewed before breaking in the surf zone. For breaking waves, the velocity asymmetry (or acceleration skewness) may also play a key role in

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Clasing, Robert, and Enrique Muñoz. "Estimating the Optimal Velocity Measurement Time in Rivers’ Flow Measurements: An Uncertainty Approach." Water 10, no. 8 (2018): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10081010.

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The gauging process can be very extensive and time-consuming due to the procedures involved. Since velocity measurement time (VMT) is one of the main variables that would allow gauging times to be reduced, this study seeks to determine the optimal point VMT and, thereby, reduce the overall gauging time. An uncertainty approach based on the USGS area-velocity method and the GLUE methodology applied to eight gauging samples taken in shallow rivers located in South-central Chile was used. The average point velocity was calculated as the average of 1 to 70 randomly selected instant velocity sample

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Saad, Alkhatab Bani, Edward Obianagha, and Lande Liu. "Deposition: A DPM and PBM Approach for Particles in a Two-Phase Turbulent Pipe Flow." Powders 4, no. 3 (2025): 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/powders4030020.

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Particle deposition is a phenomenon that occurs in many natural and industrial systems. Nevertheless, the modelling and understanding of such processes are still quite a big challenge. This study uses a discrete phase model (DPM) to determine the deposition constant for the particles in a liquid phase flowing in a horizontal pipe. This study also develops a steady-state population balance equation (PBE) for the particles in the flow involving deposition and aggregation and an unsteady-state PBE for particles depositing on the wall. This establishes a mathematical relationship between the depos

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Chai, Min-Lun, Yu-Hsuan Chang, Chih-Hung Lin, Jin-Cyuan Tsai, Jhen-You Chin, and Ratna Nur Inten. "Investigations on Predictions and Characteristics of Flow Field in the Pipelines of Chillers for Measured Locations of Ultrasonic Flowmeters by CFD Approach." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 29, no. 02 (2021): 2150014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132521500140.

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The flow velocity profiles in most of the central air-conditioning pipelines are, in general, not fully developed flow and difficult to obtain the accurate flow rates by flowmeters, which are used for measuring average velocity. Especially for being at the outlet of an elbow, the accuracy of flow rate by measurement is quite low. Therefore, there are some limitations for measurements of flow rate and velocity profile by the present flow measuring technologies. The objective of this study was to establish an approach on accurate predictions of velocity profiles at different measured locations o

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Go, Jeung Sang, Bo Sung Shin, and Jong Soo Ko. "Self-Oscillating Microcantilever Piezoresistive Flow Sensor." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 1347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.1347.

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This article presents a new approach to measure the fluid velocity using the flow-induced vibration of a microcantilever. The gas flow sensor was fabricated using the microfabrication technology and mounted on a printed circuit board for experimental evaluation. For signal processing, a Wheastone bridge circuit was prepared. The experimental measurement of the fluid velocity was performed in the wind tunnel. The flow-induced vibration of the microcantilever was firstly visualized. Based on the power spectrum analysis, the vibrating frequency was constant at 1.173 kHz, independently of the inle

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