Academic literature on the topic 'Arab learners’ difficulties'

[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the 2019 issue of the journal Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology, Volume 16] Aim/Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the sense of challenge and threat, negative feelings, self-efficacy, and motivation among students in a virtual and a blended course on multicultural campuses and to see how to afford every student an equal opportunity to succeed in academic studies. Background: Most academic campuses in Israel are multicultural, with a diverse student body. The campuses strive to provide students from all sectors, regardless of nationality, religion, etc., the possibility of enjoying academic studies and completing them successfully. Methodology: This is a mixed-method study with a sample of 484 students belonging to three sectors: general Jewish, ultra-orthodox Jewish, and Arab. Contribution: This study’s findings might help faculty on multicultural campuses to advance all students and enable them equal opportunity to succeed in academic studies. Findings: Significant sectorial differences were found for the sense of challenge and threat, negative feelings, and motivation. We found that the sense of challenge and level of motivation among Arab students was higher than among the ultra-orthodox Jewish students, which, in turn, was higher than among the general Jewish student population. On the other hand, we found that the perception of threat and negative feelings among Arab students were higher than for the other two sectors for both the virtual and the blended course. Recommendations for Practitioners: Significant feedback might lessen the sense of threat and the negative feelings and be a meaningful factor for the students to persevere in the course. Intellectual, emotional, and differential feedback is recommended. Not relating to students’ difficulties might lead to a sense of alienation, a lack of belonging, or inability to cope with the tasks at hand and dropout from the course, or even from studies altogether. A good interaction between lecturer and student can change any sense of incompetence or helplessness to one of self-efficacy and the ability to interact with one’s surroundings. Recommendations for Researchers: Lecturers can reduce the sense of threat and negative feelings and increase a student’s motivation by making their presence felt on the course website, using the forums to manage discussions with students, and enabling and encouraging discussion among the students. Impact on Society: The integration of virtual learning environments into the learning process might lead to the fulfilment of an educational vision in which autonomous learners realize their personal potential. Hence they must be given tasks requiring the application of high learning skills without compromise, but rather with differential treatment of students in order to reduce negative feelings and the sense of threat, and to reduce the transactional distance. Future Research: Further studies should examine the causes of negative feelings among students participating in virtual and blended courses on multicultural campuses and how these feelings can be handled.

Abstract The Oil and gas industry needs to adapt its business models to meet the growing energy demands and to use our resources efficiently and responsibly for the benefit of humanity worldwide. The United Arab Emirates aims to produce enough gas to meet its own needs by 2030. To do this, the country has started several projects to explore and assess potential gas sources. This study focuses on one of these projects, which involves drilling three wells in an onshore field using a coiled tubing (CT) underbalanced drilling (UBD) technique to access gas from tight reservoirs. The Under Balanced Coiled Tubing Drilling (UBCTD) technology has a globally proven record of enhancing the production rate compared with conventional overbalanced techniques. The lateral length is limited due to buckling and lock-up of the coiled-tubing string, hence the multilateral drilling can overcome this limit and increase the well drainage compared to long horizontal sections. Implementing Coiled Tubing Drilling (CTD) with Multi-Lateral overcomes CTD limitation need for a single extended reach horizontal hole as conventional drilling, due CT lower Buckling limit, thus shorter lockup depth and reach in comparison with Conventional Horizontal Section. Detailed planning was carried out for the technology implementation and there were many challenges in the operations, nevertheless, this is the first project of it is kind for the operator company The lessons gained from daily challenging operations are considered the steppingstones for the technology implementation in Abu Dhabi. Comprehensive planning and simulations were done to overcome the challenge of different reservoir pressures, wellbore instability, and the absence of side-track operations history with CTD. The technique for multilateral drilling is characterized according to definitions established in 1997 during the Technology Advancement of Multilaterals (TAML) Forum held in Aberdeen. These standards classify junctions as TAML Level 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 based on mechanical complexity, connectivity, and hydraulic isolation. In UBCTD wells, the most common multilateral technology is with TAML level 1, which is done by open-hole sidetracks with barefoot completion. CTD drilling in multiple directions was effective, and one well finished with UBCTD had gas production rates about two to three times higher than conventional wells. The UBCTD pilot was very fruitful in all viewpoints contrasted with the pre-set achievement factors as coordinated by the practicality concentrated on that characterizes the accompanying achievement measures Adhere to Healthy Safety and Environmental Considerations. Drill 4000 ft using CTD.Drill the well laterals completely underbalanced.Achieve a 1.6-2 times production increase compared to Conventional Well Gas Production. This paper will highlight the project difficulties and lessons learned from coiled tubing drilling (CTD) in all the wells that were drilled and focus on a multi-lateral strategy to achieve the project goals.

Abstract The strategic storage of crude oil in underground salt caverns is a practice that has been refined over decades. These caverns provide a secure and cost-effective method for stockpiling large quantities of oil, ensuring a reserve during times of supply disruption or economic instability. The creation and maintenance of these storage facilities involve complex engineering challenges, from well-design to drilling, and require continuous innovation to mitigate risks and enhance efficiency. Salt caverns have been employed for oil storage in salt-producing regions globally due to their low operating cost, typically efficient construction process, favourable geotechnical conditions, and an ideal location within existing oil industry infrastructure. The development of new salt cavern oil storage in certain regions, with various specific constraints, creates unique opportunities for advancement. This paper presents the main technical challenges of a new oil storage cavern constructed at an industrial complex at the United Arab Emirates (UAE) for the first time in the MENA region (Middle East and North Africa), a summary of the design and operational mitigation techniques adopted, and matter-of-fact, detailed comparisons to an adjacent state-of-the-art oil storage system built in similar geotechnical sequences. There are many strategic and important factors to develop underground storage compared to the conventional Above-ground storage tanks (ASTs) not only from energy security but also from an environmental perspective too as the underground salt caverns are considered to have a lower environmental footprint compared to above-ground tanks and other subsurface storage methods. The primary reason is that salt caverns are typically deep underground, isolated from the biosphere, and have a very low risk of leakage due to the impermeability of salt formations. This significantly reduces the risk of soil and water contamination, a concern that is more pronounced with above-ground storage tanks, which are susceptible to spills and leaks. Another advantage of salt caverns is their minimal land use impact. Unlike above-ground storage facilities that require large tracts of land, salt caverns are located underground, leaving the surface available for other uses. This is particularly beneficial in ecologically sensitive or densely populated areas where land use is a critical concern. The design of wells for oil storage in salt caverns is critical for operational safety and environmental protection. It involves the careful planning and arrangement of various components and structures that make up a well, considering the features of the well environment that make up the conduit between the drilling rig and the reservoir. Underground salt caverns are considered to have a lower environmental footprint compared to above-ground tanks and other subsurface storage methods. The primary reason is that salt caverns are typically deep underground, isolated from the biosphere, and have a very low risk of leakage due to the impermeability of salt formations. This significantly reduces the risk of soil and water contamination, a concern that is more pronounced with above-ground storage tanks, which are susceptible to spills and leaks. This paper will highlight the project difficulties and lessons learned from different perspectives on salt cavern design methodologies, criteria, and best practices for oil storage facilities for practitioners.