Academic literature on the topic 'Aspect lexical et grammatical'
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Journal articles on the topic "Aspect lexical et grammatical"
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SAILLARD, Claire, and Claire SAILLARD. "L'interprétation temporelle des subordonnées relatives en chinois standard : contribution de l'aspect lexical*." Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 40, no. 1 (2011): v—31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1960602811x00060.
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Cet article explore l'interprétation temporelle d'une classe de propositions relatives en chinois à partir des informations aspectuelles — aspect lexical et aspect grammatical — disponibles tant dans les subordonnées que dans les propositions principales. Nous y montrons l'interdépendance entre type d'intervalle temporel défini dans la proposition principale et aspect lexical du prédicat de la proposition relative. Nous y exposons sous quelles conditions l'interprétation temporelle d'une proposition relative est dépendante ou non des propriétés aspecto-temporelles de la proposition principale.
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MOUKRIM, Samira. "L’interaction entre les aspects « grammatical », « lexical » et « phasal » en berbère." Revue de sémantique et pragmatique 35-36, no. 35-36 (March 1, 2015): 195–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/rsp.1696.
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PARADIS, MICHEL. "Late-L2 increased reliance on L1 neurocognitive substrates: A comment on Babcock, Stowe, Maloof, Brovetto & Ullman (2012)." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 16, no. 3 (February 15, 2013): 704–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728913000011.
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Babcok et al. (2012) claim that Paradis (1994, 2004, 2009) argues that the reliance of late L2 learners on L1 neurocognitive mechanisms increases over time across both lexical and grammatical functions, namely for lexical items as well as rule-governed grammatical procedures, when in fact one can find repeated statements to the contrary in the very publications cited by the authors. Actually, Paradis’ main contention over the past 20 years has been that, contrary to grammatical functions, lexical items (as meaning–form relationships) are always of the same nature in L1 and L2 (hence stored declaratively). Thus in L2, only the neurocognitive mechanisms on which aspects of the grammar depend change over time. Consequently, the finding that length of residence (like age of arrival) influences the mechanisms underlying regular (composed), but not irregular (stored) verb forms, is compatible with Paradis’ views, in contradiction to what Babcock et al. are also suggesting.
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Dostie, Gaétane. "L'exemplarité de ‘par exemple’. Un cas de pragmaticalisation en français québécois." Journal of French Language Studies 12, no. 2 (July 2002): 149–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959269502000224.
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Le marqueur par exemple présente en français québécois des usages qui le distinguent de ceux qu'il possède actuellement en français de référence. L'article a deux objectifs.1) Il vise d'abord à faire ressortir un certain nombre de caractéristiques sémantiques propres aux différentes acceptions de par exemple et à dégager les liens qui les unissent.2) Il vise ensuite à mettre en relief quelques aspects relatifs à l'organisation sémantique de marqueurs à valeur pragmatique issus d'un processus de pragmaticalisation. Ainsi, les différents sens de par exemple présentent une organisation sémantique graduelle. De manière générale, ce type d'organisation s'expliquerait par la présence dans les sens lexicaux / grammaticaux de composantes qui généreraient des sens pragmatiques. Ceux-ci généreraient d'autres sens pragmatiques, de sorte qu'il en résulterait souvent une chaîne (sur cette notion, v. Heine, 1992) où un sens pragmatique initial serait lié à un sens lexical/ grammatical, mais où le sens pragmatique final n'aurait pas nécessairement de lien direct avec un sens lexical / grammatical.L'étude fait suite à une série de travaux sur les marqueurs discursifs (sur tiens, v. Dostie et Léard, 1997; sur écoute/ regarde, v. Dostie, 1998; sur t'sais, v. Dostie et de Sève, 1999; sur dis donc et dis-moi pas, v. Dostie, 2001)
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Ebensgaard Jensen, Kim. "Cross-domain variation in the X itself as a grammatical construction." Cognitive Linguistic Studies 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 177–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cogls.3.2.01ebe.
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The X itself is a nominal construction that has not received much attention within cognitive linguistics despite it having a quite interesting function, as it serves to select a core part in a partonomy and thus specify lexical relations within a text. Apart from being mentioned in passing in Croft & Cruse (2004), one of the few treatments of this construction in cognitive linguistics is Jensen (2014) who builds on the comments in Croft & Cruse (2004) and proposes a hypothesis pertaining to the cognitive and discursive function of the construction. However, that hypothesis does not take into account an important aspect of the reality of language — namely, variation. This article investigates, within the framework of usage-based construction grammar, the X itself in the Open American National Corpus (OANC) to see whether the construction displays variation across the nine domains that the data in OANC are divided into. Applying quantitative techniques, including lexical diversity measures and multidimensional scaling, this article explores aspects of the discursive behavior of the X itself across these domains and addresses the extent to which the construction interacts with the registers associated with the domains. Focusing on use-based varieties (McArthur 1992, see also Quirk 1989 and Halliday et al. 1964: 77), the present article argues that the X itself is not a constructional monolith, but that it is characterized by register-sensitive functional variation and that its core selection function very likely serves a information-structural discourse-pragmatic purpose.
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Sioupi, Athina. "A cross-linguistic investigation of the combinational possibilities of the ‘for X time’ adverbial with different aspectual verb classes." Languages in Contrast 12, no. 2 (October 29, 2012): 211–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.12.2.05sio.
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The paper observes that the Vendler classification is not sufficient as a classification of verbs, since it cannot explain why some telic verbs, such as change of state (COS) verbs and degree achievements (DAs) appear with the durational adverbial (d-adverbial) ‘for X time’ in Greek, in English and in German, while some atelics like semelfactives appear with the frame adverbial (f-adverbial) se X ora (‘in X time’) in Greek. In the spirit of Iatridou et al. (2003) it is proposed that the d-adverbial ‘for X time’ tests not only for (a)telicity but also for (im)perfectivity. It also argues that the two d-adverbials in Greek ja X ora and epi X ora (‘for X time’) are to be found with different grammatical (viewpoint) aspect: the former with perfective aspect and the latter with imperfective aspect. This is due to the fact that the ja X ora gives not only durative temporal information but also a lexical aspectual one, while the epi X ora gives only a durative temporal.
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Diachuk, Liudmyla, and Inna Dovzhenko. "THE PECULIARITIES OF RENDERING OF NOVELS «LES GENS HEUREUX LISENT ET BOIVENT DU CAFÉ» AND «LA VIE EST FACILE, NE T’INQUIÈTE PAS» BY FRENCH WRITER AGNÈS MARTIN-LUGAND INTO UKRAINIAN." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 9(77) (January 30, 2020): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-9(77)-176-180.
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The article deals with the analysis of lexical, semantic and grammatical levels of the novels’ translations «Les gens heureux lisent et boivent du café» and «La vie est facile, ne t’inquiète pas» by Anese Martin-Lugan into Ukrainian, made by Leonid Kononovich. Particular attention is paid to reproducing the gender aspects of the original works. The need to render the images raises a number of difficulties that the translator faces. Anese Martin-Lugan’s novels are full of examples of using different stylistic devices. The peculiarities of the translation of texts with means of expressiveness from French into Ukrainian with the use of certain translational transformations are examined. In general, metaphors are translated into the Ukrainian language: by a dictionary analogue, by a metaphorical word with the other image, by a metaphoric word with more expressive image. The first attempt was made to analyze gender reproduction in the translation of hero’s language, who is a representative of nonstandard sexual orientation. The lexical and grammatical transformations to reproduce the features of the author’s style are highlighted. It gives conclusions that the minor inaccuracies in the case of non-reproduction of lexical-grammatical and stylistic features of the author’s individual style become much more meaningful when considering their gender components. These observations indicate a certain asymmetry enables to apply gender asymmetry as manipulation, deforming strategies and tactics of translation, and sometimes in case of discrepancy between the original text and translation in terms of analyzing its gender characteristics. It is established that, without gender adequacy, the translated text loses the appropriate completeness of reproduction of the author’s image and the meanings generated by the text.
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Papadopoulou, Elena, Evelina Leivada, and Natalia Pavlou. "Acceptability judgments in bilectal populations." Linguistic Variation 14, no. 1 (November 25, 2014): 109–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lv.14.1.05pap.
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This paper investigates the gradient nature of acceptability judgements and grammatical variants in the bilectal population of Cyprus, by comparatively discussing the findings of two recent experiments on (i) exhaustivity effects in Cypriot Greek clefts and embu ‘it is that’-structures (Leivada et al. 2013) and (ii) clitic placement and how it is affected by lexical and syntactic stimulation (Papadopoulou et al. 2014). The analysis lays emphasis on the intra-dialectal variation observed across speakers’ performance in both experiments. Variation is discussed in relation to socio-syntactic aspects of language use, such as (i) the existence of competing grammars (Tsiplakou 2007, in press) and competing motivations (Grohmann & Leivada 2012, to appear) in bilectal environments such as the one in Cyprus, (ii) the notion of gradience existent within a dialect–standard continuum (e.g. Cornips 2006 for Dutch, Leivada et al. 2013 for Greek), and (iii) syntactic/semantic factors that inform our participants’ performance. Keywords: acceptability judgments; clefts; clitics; Cypriot Greek; gradience; embu; exhaustivity; competing grammars
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Goutsos, Dionysis. "Translation in Bilingual Lexicography." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 45, no. 2 (August 20, 1999): 107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.45.2.02gou.
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Abstract Greek bilingual dictionaries have long been marked by lack of naturalness and inadequate semantic and stylistic discrimination between the various equivalents suggested in translation. Although this is a general problem of bilingual dictionaries, which necessarily deal with decontextualized instances of language in the construction of the lemma, translationese is common in English-Greek dictionaries as a result of the idiosyncratic history of Greek applied linguistic practice. The paper discusses issues of translation equivalence that came into view in the editing of the new Collins English-Greek Dictionary (1997). Specific problems relating to the translation from English to Greek are pointed out, with reference to the areas of lexical, grammatical and discourse equivalence. In particular, the occurrence of 'false friends' and register couplets, the categories of definiteness, countability and verb aspect and the varying Theme-Rheme structures constitute points of divergence between the two languages. The word-for-word translation of these linguistic aspects is mainly accountable for the lack of naturalness. Dictionary editing involves a multitude of detailed decisions along these parameters, which shape the lemmas and influence the quality of the final text. The help from both English and Greek corpora has been indispensable at defining the parameters of naturalness for each lemma and at solving problems specific to Greek bilingual lexicography. Résumé Les dictionnaires bilingues grecs ont été longtemps marqués par un manque de naturel, par une discrimination sémantique et stylistique inadéquate entre les différentes équivalences suggérées dans la traduction. Bien qu'il s'agisse d'un problème général propre aux dictionnaires bilingues, qui, nécessairement se fondent sur des exemples hors de leur contexte linguistique lors de la construction du vocable, des traductions trop influencées par la langue de sortie sont communes dans les dictionnaires anglais-grec à la suite de l'histoire idiosyncratique de la pratique de la linguistique appliquée grecque. L'article se penche sur les problèmes de l'équivalence traductionelle lors de la rédaction du nouveau dictionnaire anglais-grec (Collins - 1997). Des problèmes spécifiques relatifs à la traduction de la langue anglaise à la langue grecque sont mis en évidence relativement aux domaines de l'équivalence lexicologique, grammaticale et du discours. Plus spécialement, l'émergence de "faux amis" et de couples dans le registre, les catégories de précision, la comptabilité des substantifs et l'aspect des verbes ainsi que les structures variables thème-rhème constituent des points de divergence entre les deux langues. La traduction mot-à-mot de ces aspects linguistiques est surtout due au manque de naturel. La rédaction de dictionnaires implique une multitude de décisions détaillés suivant ces paramètres, qui régissent les vocables et influencent la qualité du texte final. L'aide des corpus anglais et grecs a été indispensable lors de la définition des paramètres du naturel pour chaque vocable et lors de la solution des problèmes spécifiques à la lexicographie bilingue grecque.
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SAG, IVAN A., RUI P. CHAVES, ANNE ABEILLÉ, BRUNO ESTIGARRIBIA, DAN FLICKINGER, PAUL KAY, LAURA A. MICHAELIS, et al. "Lessons from the English auxiliary system." Journal of Linguistics 56, no. 1 (January 3, 2019): 87–155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002222671800052x.
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The English auxiliary system exhibits many lexical exceptions and subregularities, and considerable dialectal variation, all of which are frequently omitted from generative analyses and discussions. This paper presents a detailed, movement-free account of the English Auxiliary System within Sign-Based Construction Grammar (Sag 2010, Michaelis 2011, Boas & Sag 2012) that utilizes techniques of lexicalist and construction-based analysis. The resulting conception of linguistic knowledge involves constraints that license hierarchical structures directly (as in context-free grammar), rather than by appeal to mappings over such structures. This allows English auxiliaries to be modeled as a class of verbs whose behavior is governed by general and class-specific constraints. Central to this account is a novel use of the featureaux, which is set both constructionally and lexically, allowing for a complex interplay between various grammatical constraints that captures a wide range of exceptional patterns, most notably the vexing distribution of unstresseddo, and the fact that Ellipsis can interact with other aspects of the analysis to produce the feeding and blocking relations that are needed to generate the complex facts of EAS. The present approach, superior both descriptively and theoretically to existing transformational approaches, also serves to undermine views of the biology of language and acquisition such as Berwick et al. (2011), which are centered on mappings that manipulate hierarchical phrase structures in a structure-dependent fashion.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Aspect lexical et grammatical"
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Gourlet, François. ""Quand P" comme adverbial de localisation temporelle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040110.
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Nous nous demandons dans ce travail de quelle manière "quand" modifie l'interprétation qui serait faite d'une séquence de propositions P. Q ou Q. P lorsqu'il préfixe P. Après avoir souligné les problèmes que cette question soulevé dans plusieurs études fondatrices en sémantique temporelle, nous apportons des arguments pour défendre la théorie, admise par plusieurs auteurs, selon laquelle "quand P" est un adverbial de localisation temporelle. Nous montrons que les propriétés discursives de P, souvent traitée dans la littérature comme une proposition présupposée, s'expliquent par cette seule contrainte : "quand" impose de traiter cette proposition comme la description d'un repère temporel utilisé dans l'interprétation de Q. Nous montrons en outre que la théorie selon laquelle "quand P" désigne un repère temporel permet de rendre compte des contraintes qui pèsent sur les relations chronologiques pouvant s'établir entre les événements eP et eQ des deux propositions. En particulier, nous avançons que l'inférence d'une relation de succession immédiate entre eP et eQ reflète l'une des relations qui peuvent s'établir entre le référent d'un adverbial de localisation et l'événement qu'il localise : le référent de l'adverbial sert de borne initiale à l'intervalle d'occurrence de l'événement. Enfin, nous étudions la manière dont la description d'éventualité et le marqueur temporel accueillis par P contribuent à la sémantique de l'adverbial "quand P". Nous précisons les propriétés quantificationnelles et temporelles conférées au référent de "quand P" par les différents temps du français et expliquons par ces propriétés les contraintes de cooccurrence qui pèsent sur l'emploi des temps dans P et QIn this work, we adress the following question: how does "quand" change the interpretation that may be made of a sequence of clauses P. Q or Q. P when it prefixes P? After highlighting the problems that this matter raises in several pioneering studies in temporal semantics, we provide arguments to defend the theory E accepted by several authors E that quand P is a temporal locating adverbial. We show that the discourse properties of P, which is often treated in the literature as a presupposed proposition, is explained by the following single constraint: "quand" demands to treat this clause as the description of a time mark to be used in the interpretation of Q. We further show that the theory that "quand P" designates a time mark accounts for the constraints on the temporal relations that can be established between eP and eQ, the events of both clauses. In particular, we argue that the inference that eQ immediately follows eP reflects one of the relations that can be established between the referent of a temporal locating adverbial and the event it locates: the referent of the adverbial provides an initial bound to the interval of occurrence of the event. Finally, we study how the event description and the tense of P contribute to the semantics of the adverbial "quand P". We specify the quantificational and temporal properties imparted to the referent of quand P by the different tenses of French and explain these properties by co-occurrence constraints that impact the use of tenses in P and Q
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Adegboku, Dele. "Les apprenants nigérians face aux temps verbaux passés du français : une analyse des aspects et des temps grammaticaux des langues française et yoruba en vue d'applications pédagogiques." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA1043/document.
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Ce travail se penche sur les difficultés auxquelles font face les apprenants nigérians de français, précisément ceux de langue maternelle yoruba, quant à ce qui concerne les temps passés du français : l'imparfait et le passé composé. Nous sommes parti des productions des apprenants, deux exercices à trous et un écrit long de type rédaction, pour exposer les erreurs de temps commises. Nous avons découvert, suite à l'analyse des productions, que la plupart de ces erreurs proviennent du système aspectuo-temporel du yoruba, langue ne connaissant pas de conjugaison (désinences verbales) comme le français. Mais, la langue étrangère qu'ils sont en train d'apprendre constitue aussi une source de ces difficultés : il leur est particulièrement difficile de gérer les circonstants et adverbes temporels, les connecteurs syntaxiques et logiques, et l'ensemble des shifters accompagnant les temps verbaux français, surtout un écrit long. D'autre part, l'analyse des deux tests à trous en plus de celle des copies de rédaction montrent que, le manque de connaissance de certaines notions linguistiques est une autre cause des difficultés rencontrées par les apprenants : la notion de discours / récit et celle de premier / arrière-plan.En somme, nous pensons qu'un enseignement / apprentissage des temps basé sur la notion d'aspect grammatical, et prenant en compte les notions précédemment mentionnées, sera certainement plus productif. Nos propositions de pistes pour un meilleur enseignement/apprentissage des temps concernés terminent cette recherche. Nous pensons, par ailleurs, qu'en ajoutant à ce que nous venons de dire, les détails que nous ont révélés les analyses linguistiques des systèmes aspectuo-temporels des deux langues, nous pourrons construire par la suite une méthode d'enseignement et apprentissage des temps verbaux du passé pour l'apprenant nigérian. Ainsi, nous aurons apporté une autre contribution à l'enseignement / apprentissage du français au NigeriaNigerian learners of French as a Foreign Language are generally faced with difficulties while using French Past Tenses in producing written composition. In this thesis, we are particularly interested in the case of the Yoruba learners of French language. The analysis of their written composition copies reveals that most of the errors committed originate from the mother tongue, Yoruba which does not know the tense-markedness of French language with her conjugation and complicated verb endings. This specifically means that there are problems closely related to the French Language herself. Actually, Yoruba learners find it particularly difficult to use French temporal adverbs and shifters in their written composition copies. On the other hand, through our analysis of copies of two objective tests in which students were to produce the missing verb forms, we also found that the learners lack some theoretical linguistic knowledge which is important in understanding French past tenses : for instance, Benveniste's “Discours & récit” and Weinrich's “Premier plan / Arrière-plan”. In addition, our analysis of the tempo-aspectual systems of both languages shows that contrary to French language, Yoruba aspects and tenses do not function separately.We believe that students would better understand the use of French past tenses if they have a good grasp of the “grammatical aspect” notion and if this linguistic notion is taken into account while teaching the topic. We brought the research to a close with different suggestions on how to improve the teaching / learning of the French tenses concerned here. On the whole, placing oneself on the didactic perspective, we are of the opinion that all these information put together can help develop a Methodology for the teaching and learning of French past tenses; and by so doing, advance the more the cause of the teaching and learning of French in Nigeria
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Bordet, Lucile. "L'intensification en anglais : entre grammatical et lexical." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30039.
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L’expression de l’« intensification » en anglais a peu été abordée par la communauté linguistique. Les études qui ont été menées se limitent aux adverbes intensifieurs et classent ces derniers parmi les procédés morphosyntaxiques. Il semble toutefois que les adverbes intensifieurs se situent à l’interface du lexical et du grammatical et sont soumis à un renouvellement constant. Ce travail se propose dans un premier temps d’établir une nouvelle typologie des procédés d’intensification en tenant compte des zones de chevauchement qui existent entre les divers procédés. Dans un second temps, le cas particulier des adverbes intensifieurs est abordé à l’aune de la grammaticalisation et de la lexicalisation. Finalement, ce travail conclut par une étude de l’évolution diachronique des adverbes intensifieurs afin de mettre au jour les mécanismes du processus de renouvellement langagierThe expression of intensification has hardly been tackled by the linguistic community over the years. The research that has been conducted so far is usually restricted to intensifying adverbs, which are generally considered as morphosyntactic processes. Intensifying adverbs, also referred to as “intensifiers”, are submitted to constant renewal. However, intensifiers appear to be at the junction of grammar and lexis. First, a new typology of the processes used to express intensification will be put forward. The fact that the various processes often overlap will be taken into account. The specific case of intensifiers will then be dealt with in the light of grammaticalization and lexicalization, two processes which seem to be at work in the evolution of intensifiers. Lastly, a corpus-based study will look into the diachronic evolution of intensifiers in order to unveil the mechanisms of renewal and language change
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Bergeron-Maguire, Myriam. "Le français en Haute-Normandie aux 17e et 18e siècles : aspects lexicaux, phonétiques et grammaticaux." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0329/document.
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La description de la variation diatopique du français durant la période classique s’est appuyée au cours des dernières années sur des données empruntées à la littérature, à la lexicographie, à la glossairistique régionale et aux variétés de français expatriées. Si ces types de sources ont bel et bien permis des avancées qualitatives en la matière – nous y puisons nous-même abondamment dans ce travail –, les variétés diatopiques et diastratiques du français de cette période restent néanmoins encore très partiellement décrites. Or, un autre type de sources, que nous examinons dans ce travail et qui n’a été que très peu exploité à ce jour, mériterait que l’on s’y attarde : les documents non littéraires de nature privée.Faute d’éditions de textes dignes de ce nom et peut-être, en raison de la masse considérable que représentent les archives de cette époque, la recherche n’a en effet à peu près pas pris en compte ce type de documentation.Notre travail, dont l’objet est le français en Haute-Normandie aux 17e et 18e siècles, s’appuie sur un corpus original constitué de comptes, de registres, de correspondances et de procès-verbaux inédits. Nous nous sommes intéressée plus particulièrement aux éléments constitutifs de cet état de langue qui connaissent une restriction sur l’un et/ou l’autre des axes diatopique et diastratique de la variationAttempts to describe regional variation in French during the Seventeenth and the Eighteenth centuries have mainly relied in the past few years on literature, lexicography, regional glossaries and overseas varieties of French. Although these type of sources have offered reliable findings – we also use them extensively in this study –, regional and non standard varieties of French of the Seventeenth and the Eighteenth centuries still remain only partially described. Another type of source, which we examine in this work, has not been sufficiently considered until now : non-literary private writings. This neglect may be explained at least partly by the lack of reliable editions and the great mass of archival material.Drawing on an original corpus comprised of unpublished sources, which includes accounts, records, personal correspondence and minutes, this study describes Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century French in Upper Normandy, with specific attention to its regional and popular features
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Gaspar, García Elena. "Aspect verbal et aspect lexical en espagnol : fonctions discursives et contraintes de sélection." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUEL036.
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Ce travail de recherche explique l'importance et l'intérêt de la notion d'"aspect" aussi bien verbal que lexical en espagnol; en effet, cette catégorie permet de différencier certaines combinaisons en espagnol dont on affirme souvent qu'elles sont toujours commutables voire neutralisables. Notre analyse aborde, d'une part, les prépositions por et para avec valeur finale et l'influence de l'aspect lexical dans leur commutation dans un complément de but. D'autre part, ce travail analyse les valeurs de l'imparfait en espagnol ainsi que celles de la périphrase de estar suivie du gérondif, du point de vue aspectuel; de surcroît, cette thèse montre le rôle de l'aspect - aussi bien verbal que lexical - dans la communication de ces formes verbales. Cette étude aborde également certaines contraintes de sélection dues à l'interaction de l'aspect lexical et verbalThis thesis analyses how important is verbal and lexical aspect in Spanish; in fact, this category allows us to explain and distinguish some grammatical pairs considered as being always commutable or even neutralized. This study examines, on the one hand, the final value of the prepositions por and para and how lexical aspect influences their commutation in a final proposition. On the other hand, this thesis analyses the values of the Spanish past (cantaba) and the periphrastic spanish form estar + -ndo from an aspectual point of view. This study also develops the role taken by verbal and lexical aspect on the commutation of these verbal forms. Furthermore, some lexical incompatibilities due to interaction of verbal and lexical aspect are treated here
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Contou, Mathieu. "Wittgenstein et Freud : un autre aspect." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H218.
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À la différence de "Philosophie, mythologie et pseudo-science. Wittgenstein lecteur de Freud", l'influent essai de Jacques Bouveresse (1991), cette étude vise à établir qu'aussi critique qu'il se soit effectivement montré à l'égard de la psychanalyse, Wittgenstein n'en a pas moins beaucoup appris et retenu de Freud. Au plan de sa conception de l'élucidation philosophique, principalement. Composée de trois parties, ladite étude consiste d'abord à mettre en évidence les fragilités de l'argumentation présentée au premier chapitre de J'ouvrage classique de Jacques Bouveresse ; puis à rendre compte de la place centrale du motif psychologico-clinique dans la définition et la mise en œuvre de la méthode grammaticale de Wittgenstein ; pour mieux isoler ensuite les six aspects plus proprement freudiens de la clinique philosophique wittgensteinienne. La conclusion de ce travail étant finalement réservée à l'interprétation des résultats acquis au cours de cet itinéraireUnlike « Philosophie, mythologie et pseudo-science. Wittgenstein lecteur de Freud”, the influential essay of Jacques Bouveresse (1991), this study aims to establish that even though he was critical towards psychoanalysis, Wittgenstein also leamed a lot from Freud. Mainly on the plan of his conception of philosophical elucidation. This study is divided in three parts : the first highlights the weaknesses of the argumentation introduced in the first chapter of the classical work of Jacques Bouveresse; then the second one reflects the core of the psychologic-clinical pattern in the definition and the implementation of the grammatical method of Wittgenstein; finally, to better isolate the six aspects of the wittgensteinian philosophicaI clinic that are the most strictly freudian. The conclusion of this work is, in the end, dedicated to the interpretation of the results acquired in the course of this path
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Kozareva-Levie, Yordanka. "L’aspect grammatical et ses manifestations dans les traductions en français de textes littéraires bulgares." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030028/document.
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Dans ce travail, la réflexion sur les enjeux linguistiques (et éthiques) de la traduction s’articule à l’étude de valeurs temporelles et aspectuelles en bulgare et en français. La question de l’aspectualité en bulgare a été envisagée sous l’angle de la possibilité de ses manifestations en français. Les orientations principales de cette étude ont été guidées par la conviction du rôle fondamental de la traduction pour la compréhension des mécanismes régissant les langues. L’approche théorique a nécessité la description de paradigmes temporels : l’aoriste et le parfait en bulgare, le passé simple, l’imparfait et le passé composé en français. Un certain nombre de procédés orthonymiques ont été considérés et illustrés afin de souligner l’importance, lors de la constitution de l’écriture de la traduction, de l’expérience référentielle, et de l’omniprésence, dans l’esprit des traducteurs, d’une conception jugée correcte et naturelle de s’exprimer. La revue des notions théoriques autour du temps et de l’aspect a permis de mettre en lumière le traitement des imperfectifs secondaires, fondamental pour l’appréhension de l’aspect. Texte original et traduction attestent également de différentes visions des procès mais le choix de l’une ou de l’autre représentation ne constitue pas un obstacle à la réception sans aspérités du texte traduit. Cette divergence de représentations démontre que l’existence d’oppositions aspectuelles en bulgare est rarement prise en compte par le traducteur. L’examen du parfait a constitué une ouverture vers l’analyse de valeurs médiatives dont l’expression est, dans une langue comme le bulgare, fortement intégrée dans la morphologie verbaleThis dissertation is a reflection on the linguistic and ethical issues at play in translation, hinging on an examination of the temporal and aspectual values in the French and Bulgarian languages. The question of aspect in Bulgarian is approached through the study of its possible translations in French.The orientations of this work go along the belief that translation plays a crucial role in the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the functioning of languages.The theoretical approach of this dissertation made it necessary to describe the following temporal paradigms: the aorist and perfect in Bulgarian, the “passé simple”, “imparfait” and “passé composé” in French. It also considers and illustrates some orthonymic devices so as to underline the importance of the referential experience in the craft of writing a translation, and also to highlight the omnipresence, in the translator’s mind, of a conception of what is natural and appropriate to say in a given language. Going through the notions of tense and aspect made it possible to shed light on the handling of the secondary imperfective forms, which proves to be essential for the comprehension of aspect. Moreover, even though the original text and the translation give different perspectives on the action, preferring one interpretation or the other does not obstruct the reader’s understanding. These divergences prove that the existence of aspectual oppositions in Bulgarian are hardly ever taken into account when translated. The examination of the perfect led to the broadening of our study to the analysis of meditative values, the expression of which, in Bulgarian, is strongly integrated in the morphology of the verbs
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Shain, Rachel M. "The Preverb Eis- and Koine Greek Aktionsart." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1238085936.
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Sidorov, Kirill. "Structure aspectuelle et prédication secondaire (résultative et dépictive)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA177/document.
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Ce travail aura pour but d’explorer l’interface sémantique-syntaxe des « constructions » avec les prédicats secondaires, résultatifs et dépictifs. Une attention particulière sera donnée au problème du choix des sujets (ou des hôtes) de prédication pour ces deux types de prédicats, ainsi qu’à la classe aspectuelle lexicale du verbe à la base de la construction.Dans la première partie, nous introduisons divers patterns de la construction résultative et expliquons le principe de base qui régit la syntaxe de ces constructions, à savoir la Restriction sur l’objet direct. D’abord nous réviserons la sémantique des adjectifs gradables, étant donné que les propriétés de l’échelle d’une propriété introduite par l’adjectif définissent la structure événemen-tielle/aspectuelle des constructions résultatives, notamment la distinction entre les constructions résultatives à contrôle et à marquage exceptionnel casuel. Après avoir écarté un nombre de prétendus contre-exemples à la Restriction DOR, nous réaffirmerons sa validité, notamment en tant que diagnostic de l’inaccusativité en anglais. Après avoir étudier le problème des objets non-sélectionnés, nous verrons pourquoi le russe n’a pas ce type de construction, et, conjointement, pourquoi il ne doit pas être classifié comme une langue satellite-framed, étant donné que le paramètre qui autorise les constructions résultatives dans une langue est également responsable pour la classification des langues en satellite-framed ou verb-framed.La deuxième partie sera consacré aux prédicats dépictifs, notamment aux contraintes qui pèsent sur le choix du contrôleur pour ce type de prédication secondaire, ainsi qu’aux propriétés des adjectifs dépictifs en comparaison avec d’autres types d’adjoints participant-oriented. Nous étudions la distribution des adjectifs formes longues et formes courtes en russe, conditionnée par les propriétés d’accord qui les distinguent et esquissons un processus historique à l’origine de leur distribution dans la langue d’aujourd’huiThe aim of this dissertation is to explore the syntactic-semantic interface of ‘constructions’ which contain secondary predicates – either depictive or resultative. The main problems will be to deal (i) with the selection of the subjects (or hosts) of these types of predicates and (ii) with the aspectual class of the verbs used in these sentences.In the first part, the various patterns implied in resultative clauses will be examined, leading to the conclusion that the basic principle that governs the syntax of these clauses can be identified with the ‘Restriction on direct objects’ – or RDO. First, the semantics of gradable adjectives will be revisited, taking into account the scalarity properties these adjectives contain, which determine the eventive/ aspectual structures of resultative sentences and the distinction between Control structures and Exceptional Case Marking sentences. After invalidating many would-be counter-examples to the RDO, its validity will be reasserted, notably as a diagnostic of unaccusativity in English. Next, after analysing the problem of unselected object arguments, the reason will be shown why Russian does not possess this type of structure, and why it cannot be characterised as a ‘satellite-framed’ language either – given that the parameter which allows specific resultative structures in any language also determines its classification as satellite-framed or verb-framed.The second part of the dissertation is devoted to depictive predicates – in particular (i) to the constraints that determine the choice of the Controller in this type of secondary predication, and (ii) to the relevant properties of depictive adjectives in contra-distinction to other types of adjuncts, often identified as ‘participant-oriented’. Finally, the distribution of those Russian adjectives which possess long and short forms, which is conditioned by specific agreement or concord properties, is examined, leading to a tentative reconstruction of a diachronic process which has led to their distribution in today's Russian
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Chansou, Michel. "Recherches en sociolexicologie : vocabulaires techniques et aménagement lexical en français contemporain." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030078.
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Cette recherche a pour objet l'etude des differents aspects sociaux, economiques, politiques - et linguistiques - de l'evolution du lexique en francais contemporain. Elle porte plus particulierement sur les vocabulaires techniques qui constituent aujourd'hui l'apport le plus important a l'enrichissement lexical du francais. Elle a ete conduite suivant deux approches auxquelles correspondent les deux parties de l'ouvrage. Dans la premiere partie nous presentons un historique de l'amenagement lexical en france de 1950 a 1994 (initiatives privees, actions de politique linguistique, reactions de l'opinion). Dans la seconde nous avons rassemble cinq etudes de cas, champs d'observation tres limites qui font apparaitre d'une facon concrete le jeu des forces agissant sur l'evolution du lexiqueThe aim of this research is to study the different social, economic, political - and linguistic - aspects of lexical development in contemporary french. It more particulary concerns technical vocabularies, wich today account for the greater part of the enrichment of french vocabulary. The research was carried out from two angles, corresponding to the two parts of the work. In the first part a history of lexical planning in french from 1950 to 1994 is presented (private initiatives, language policy actions, the reactions of public opinion). In the second part five case studies are examined, each being a very limited field of observation designed to bring out in concrete terms the interplay of the forces brought to bear on lexical development
Books on the topic "Aspect lexical et grammatical"
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1957-, Shirai Yasuhiro, ed. The acquisition of lexical and grammatical aspect. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2000.
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A semantic and pragmatic model of lexical and grammatical aspect. New York: Garland Publishing, 1997.
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van Hout, Angeliek. Lexical and Grammatical Aspect. Edited by Jeffrey L. Lidz, William Snyder, and Joe Pater. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199601264.013.25.
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The topic of this chapter is the acquisition of lexical and grammatical aspect. Given wide cross-linguistic variation in aspect expression, the learnability issues center around form-meaning associations: how do learners determine the meaning of a certain aspectual form? Focusing on the literature on telicity and on the perfective-imperfective distinction, two main results stand out. Predicate telicity is easier than compositional telicity. The completion entailment of perfective is acquired at different ages across different languages, somewhere between 2.6 and 5. One novel direction of research asks whether aspect is acquired easier in some languages than in others. The answers will uncover possibly universal aspectual primitives and heuristics that guide children with their task of acquiring temporal meanings.
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Olsen, Mari B. A Semantic and Pragmatic Model of Lexical and Grammatical Aspect. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315052267.
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McGregor, William B. Grammaticalization of Ergative Case Marking. Edited by Jessica Coon, Diane Massam, and Lisa Demena Travis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198739371.013.19.
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This chapter overviews some of the patterns of emergence and development of ergative case markers in the world’s languages. What shines through most clearly is diversity: the range of possible source morphemes, constructions, and developmental pathways is much broader than might be expected. Rarely, it is possible to identify lexical sources for ergative case markers. More common sources are other case markers (notably instrumental, genitive, oblique, and ablative), and indexical items (such as demonstratives and pronominals); other possible sources include directional elements and focus markers. Ergative case markers can also be the sources of further grammatical developments, and can develop into markers of other grammatical categories, including other cases and verbal categories such as tense and aspect. Some observations are also included on the emergence and development of ergative case marking in language contact situations.
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Mathieu, Eric, and Robert Truswell, eds. Micro-change and Macro-change in Diachronic Syntax. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747840.001.0001.
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This volume contains sixteen chapters addressing the process of syntactic change at different granularities. The language-particular component of a grammar is now usually assumed to be nothing more than the specification of the grammatical properties of a set of lexical items. Accordingly, grammar change must reduce to lexical change. And yet these micro-changes can cumulatively alter the typological character of a language (a macro-change). A central puzzle in diachronic syntax is how to relate macro-changes to micro-changes. Several chapters in this volume describe specific micro-changes: changes in the syntactic properties of a particular lexical item or class of lexical items. Other chapters explore links between micro-change and macro-change, using devices such as grammar competition at the individual and population level, recurring diachronic pathways, and links between acquisition biases and diachronic processes. This book is therefore a great companion to the recent literature on micro- versus macro-approaches to parameters in synchronic syntax. One of its important contributions is the demonstration that we can learn a great deal about synchronic linguistics through the way languages change: the case studies included provide diachronic insight into many syntactic constructions that have been the target of extensive recent synchronic research, including tense, aspect, relative clauses, stylistic fronting, verb second, demonstratives, and negation. Languages discussed include several archaic and contemporary Romance and Germanic varieties, as well as Greek, Hungarian, and Chinese, among many others.
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Mathieu, Éric, and Robert Truswell. Micro-change and macro-change in diachronic syntax. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747840.003.0001.
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This introduction discusses current trends in diachronic linguistics with a focus on syntactic change and reviews the fifteen other chapters included in the volume. In the spirit of modern diachronic syntax, the selected articles show that very general patterns of change, emergent, multigenerational diachronic phenomena, interact with small, discrete, local, intergenerational changes in the lexical specification of grammatical features. General topics include acquisition biases, cross-categorial word order generalizations, typological particularities and universals, language contact, and transitional changes, while specific linguistic topics include tense and viewpoint aspect, directional/aspectual affixes, V2, V3, Stylistic Fronting, directional/aspectual prefixes, negation, accusative and dative marking, analytic passives, complementizer agreement, and control and raising verbs.
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Vajda, Edward J. Patterns of Innovation and Retention in Templatic Polysynthesis. Edited by Michael Fortescue, Marianne Mithun, and Nicholas Evans. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199683208.013.21.
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Polysynthetic verb morphology can be extraordinarily complex, with interacting subsystems arranged in phonological and morphological layers, some of which are more readily transparent on the synchronic level. Historical-linguistic comparisons demonstrate that this type of structure can be surprisingly persistent across time, with slow phonological attrition being one of the primary causal agents. Metathesis and reanalysis of morphemes and morpheme positions was also noted as an important agent of change. This chapter examines what is known about the historical layering of two distinct, but possibly genealogically related prefixing verb morphologies: Yeniseian and Athabaskan, both of which have developed different strategies of expressing agreement with subjects and objects, layering these grammatical markers between lexical morphemes and markers of tense–mood–aspect. Phonological fusing of certain sets of adjacent markers renders the pre-root portions of both morphological templates particularly challenging for assigning morpheme glosses. Historical reasons for this evolution are identified and assessed.
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Kageyama, Taro, Peter E. Hook, and Prashant Pardeshi, eds. Verb-Verb Complexes in Asian Languages. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759508.001.0001.
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This volume presents a detailed survey of the systems of verb-verb complexes in Asian languages from both a synchronic and a diachronic perspective. Many Asian languages share, to a greater or lesser extent, a unique class of compound verbs each consisting of a main verb and a quasi-auxiliary verb known as a ‘vector’ or ‘explicator’. These quasi-auxiliary verbs exhibit unique grammatical behavior that suggests that they have an intermediate status between full lexical verbs and wholly reduced auxiliaries. They are also semantically unique, in that when they are combined with main verbs, they can convey a rich variety of functional meanings beyond the traditional notions of tense, aspect, and modality, such as manner and intensity of action, benefaction for speaker or hearer, and polite or derogatory styles in speech. In this book, leading specialists in a range of Asian languages offer an in-depth analysis of the longstanding questions relating to the diachrony and geographical distribution of verb-verb complexes. The findings have implications for the general understanding of the grammaticalization of verb categories, complex predicate formation, aktionsart and event semantics, the morphology-syntax-semantics interface, areal linguistics, and typology.
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Argaud, Evelyne, Joël Bellassen, and Frine Beba Favaloro, eds. Distance entre langues, distance entre cultures. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.9782813003638.
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Apprendre une langue étrangère, c’est se confronter inévitablement à une distance à la fois culturelle et linguistique, inégale selon les langues ; c’est cette distance elle-même qui, parce qu’elle fascine autant qu’elle déroute, constitue très souvent une source forte de motivation. Si la didactique des langues et cultures étrangères sait qu’elle peut s’appuyer sur cette motivation, elle n’ignore pas non plus les questions soulevées par l’éloignement, de même que par son antonyme, la proximité. Quel contenu donner à cette notion de distance et quelles formes prend-elle ? Sur quel plan se situe-t-elle ? graphique ? lexical ? grammatical ? phonétique ? géographique ? culturel ? Une langue-culture distante est-elle plus facile ou difficile à apprendre/enseigner qu’une langue-culture proche ou voisine ? La proximité ne contient-elle pas des pièges qui présentent leurs propres difficultés et que l’illusion de la facilité empêcherait de saisir à leur juste mesure ? Et comment réduire la distance de manière à faciliter l’apprentissage ? Par ailleurs, la didactique des langues et cultures étrangères ne peut pas faire l’économie d’une interrogation sur les styles cognitifs des apprenants ; la variété de ces profils introduit une variable qui interfère dans l’appréhension de ce qui est plus ou moins distant, plus ou moins facile/difficile. Il en va de même pour les catégories épistémologiques sollicitées par la didactique dans le traitement de la distance ; leur utilisation, leur transfert d’un contexte éducatif à un autre doivent là aussi faire l’objet d’un questionnement. C’est l’ensemble de ces questions qu’examine le présent ouvrage, qui réunit une sélection de communications présentées au cours d’une journée d’étude : « Distance entre langues, Distance entre cultures. Quelles incidences didactiques ? », organisée par l’unité de recherche PLIDAM EA 4514, à l’Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales, le 24 novembre 2017, à Paris. Evelyne Argaud, professeur agrégé, docteur en didactique des langues et cultures Joël Bellassen, ancien professeur des universités en chinois à l’Inalco Frine Beba Favaloro, professeur de lycée, docteur en sciences du langage
Book chapters on the topic "Aspect lexical et grammatical"
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Moser, Amalia. "The interaction of lexical and grammatical aspect in modern Greek." In Themes in Greek Linguistics, 137. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.117.20mos.
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"1.6. Aspect grammatical vs aspect lexical." In Modalités prédicatives, modalités aspectuelles et auxiliaires en créole à base lexicale française de la Guyane française, 25–26. Max Niemeyer Verlag, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110931624.25.
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Cuniţǎ, Alexandra. "De quelques conflits entre l’aspect lexical et l’aspect grammatical et de leur résolution au niveau de la phrase et au niveau du texte." In Temps, aspect et classes de mots, 201–20. Artois Presses Université, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.apu.7556.
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Boneh, Nora. "Some thoughts on grammatical aspect in Modern Hebrew." In The Morpho-Syntactic and Lexical Encoding of Tense and Aspect in Semitic, 53–79. Harrassowitz, O, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvc5pg9t.6.
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"La surcomposition verbale et ses emplois en français." In Cross-Linguistic Perspectives on the Semantics of Grammatical Aspect, 13–37. Brill | Rodopi, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004401006_003.
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Netunayeva, Irina, and Evgeny Chukharev-Hudilainen. "The Functioning of the Second-person Imperative and Optative Forms in the Gothic Gospels." In Atlantica : Studies in Historical Poetics. Vol. XVII, 21–39. LCC MAKS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2005.atlantica-17/21-39.
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The present article focuses on the functions of the second-person forms of the imperative and the optative mood that occur in independent clauses in the Gothic Gospels. Both mood forms carry the incentive (injunctive) meaning and thus have been viewed as interchangeable. This article illustrates, however, that the imperative and the optative are opposed in terms of their grammatical meaning. Specifically, while the imperative mood expresses a high degree of performativity and control over a caused action that is to be performed by a specific addressee, the optative generally denotes the causation of an uncontrolled or a less-controlled action, often by an indefinite or a generalized addressee, which may be presented as a wish of the speaker, and thus may exhibit a low degree of performativity. This grammatical opposition is formed as a means of rendering the senses of the original Greek text of the gospels in the Gothic language, and it plays an essential text-building role in Gothic. Speech acts of varying degrees of performativity (“order” and “request,” vs “advice” and “instruction,” i.e. “eternal moral commandments”) are strongly associated with two registers within the text of the gospels: (1) descriptions of events in the life of Jesus Christ: His actions (the calling of the apostles, the healings, etc.) and the appeals to Him with requests for help; and (2) the preaching of Jesus Christ: His calls and appeals to His audience with the intent of teaching them. Moreover, the two grammatical forms of the incentive (injunctive), the imperative and the optative, act as the means of the stylistic coloring of these two registers: the descriptive prose and the parenetic contexts (“expressively saturated direct speech”). The article further argues for a direct connection between the lexical meaning of the verb and its ability to form the second-person imperative and optative: the imperative is generally formed by voluntary perfective verbs, while the optative is formed by aspect-neutral involuntary verbs used in atelic meanings.
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Miller, D. Gary. "Verbal and sentential syntax." In The Oxford Gothic Grammar, 379–468. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813590.003.0009.
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Gothic is a null subject language. The binder of an anaphor can be a null subject. Binding requires asymmetrical c-command. Possessive sein- can be a syntactic or discourse anaphor. Gothic may attest the beginning of the Germanic two-reflexive system. The simple reflexive, without silba (self), is productive in anticausative structures. Verbal prefixes alter meaning, lexical, or grammatical aspect. Ga- has numerous other functions, including definiteness and temporal completion. The nonpast participle functions as a relative clause substitute and in absolute constructions. In the absence of switch reference, infinitives are the norm with modal and control verbs and purposives after verbs of motion (otherwise + du). The accusative with a participle or infinitive can be a matrix object or embedded subject. Accusative and infinitive depends on case from the matrix verb. The infinitive is usually wisan (to be) as an expansion of a small clause. Relative clauses require the complementizer ei (that). Verbs whose complements are factual or realizable are typically in the indicative. Those that do not allow a full range of independent tenses in the complement clause, or whose complements are not realized, are only potentially realized, or deal with possible worlds or alternate states of reality, trigger a shift to the optative, which has a number of independent uses as well.
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"Grammatische und lexikalische Kategorisierung im zweisprachigen Wörterbuch Grammatical and Lexical Categorization in the Bilingual Dictionary Catégories grammaticales et lexicales dans le dictionnaire bilingue." In Wörterbücher / Dictionaries / Dictionnaires, Part 3, edited by Franz Josef Hausmann, Oskar Reichmann, Herbert Ernst Wiegand, and Ladislav Zgusta. Berlin • New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110124217.3.34.2824.
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Arslangul, Arnaud. "Contextualisation de l’expression orale en continu." In L'enseignement de l'oral en classe de langue, 29–42. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.3475.
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Les enseignants expérimentés possèdent une grande compétence dans le traitement des difficultés que rencontrent les apprenants aux niveaux phonétique, lexical ou grammatical. Mais lors de la production orale en continu, les apprenants doivent faire face à certains problèmes qui appartiennent à un autre niveau, celui de la conceptualisation du message, c’est-à-dire le choix de « que dire », plutôt que de « comment dire ». Pour discuter cette question, nous allons tout d’abord présenter un modèle de production langagière qui traite de la relation entre les niveaux conceptuel et linguistique. Nous donnerons ensuite des exemples concrets de ces difficultés avec les résultats d’études expérimentales portant sur l’acquisition d’une langue étrangère, le chinois, par des apprenants francophones. Nous parlerons de la sélection et de la linéarisation de l’information, de l’attribution d’un statut d’accessibilité aux référents, d’une structure informationnelle et de l’assignation d’une perspective. Ces études présentent un point commun, elles utilisent toutes des supports visuels complexes pour faire produire un discours. Nous avançons l’idée que cette dimension textuelle contrôlée fournit les conditions nécessaires à l’apprenant pour développer des compétences linguistiques difficiles à entraîner par ailleurs.
Conference papers on the topic "Aspect lexical et grammatical"
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Velickovic, Marta, and Jelena Danilović-Jeremić. "STANCE MARKERS: AN UNDERDEVELOPED ASPECT OF SERBIAN EFL WRITERS’ COMPETENCE." In SCIENCE AND TEACHING IN EDUCATIONAL CONTEXT. FACULTY OF EDUCATION IN UŽICE, UNIVERSITY OF KRAGUJEVAC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/stec20.457v.
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The topic of the current study is the interactional dimension of metadiscourse, as expressed through lexico-grammatical devices in beginner L2 writing of L1 Serbian/L2 English learners. The participants’ use of metadiscourse devices was chosen due to its particular relevance for the beginner L2 writing process at the tertiary level. The sample of participants included a total of 70 English language majors attending the University of Niš. The corpus consisted of the students’ expository paragraphs collected over a period of nine weeks during the 2019/2020 schoolyear. The taxonomy used in this particular study was that of Biber (2006) and Min et al. (2019), with a particular focus of hedges, stance adjectives, stance adverbs, and stance verbs. The results obtained imply that stance markers deserve a more prominent place in the EFL classroom.
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Golubovskaya, S. P., and E. S. Sherstneva. "The speech portrait of the main character of the American musical television series «Empire» (phonetic aspect)." In XXV REGIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE STUDENTS, APPLICANTS AND YOUNG RESEARCHERS. Знание-М, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38006/907345-63-8.2020.95.102.
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This article deals with the problem of recreating the speech portrait of the main character in a cinematic context. The main components of the phonetic feature and lexical, as well as grammatical characteristics of the speech of the studied character are determined. Conclusions are deduced about the relationship between linguistic and extralinguistic factors that mediate the speech behavior of a particular language personality.
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Gorbova, E. V. "ASPECTUAL TRIPLETS OF THE RUSSIAN VERB IN DIACHRONY: EVIDENCE FROM THE RUSSIAN NATIONAL CORPUS." In International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intellectual Technologies "Dialogue". Russian State University for the Humanities, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2075-7182-2020-19-321-347.
Full textAbstract:
The paper deals with the so-called aspectual triplets of the Russian verb. Based on the data from the Russian National Corpus, it proposes a diachronic method to study triplets as well as a two-component model of the Russian aspect as an alternative to the traditional word-based classification model. The first component of the model is a morphological mechanism of the imperfectivizing suffixation of prefixed verbs that is inflectional (ras-kry-t’PFV — ras-kryva-t’IPFV2 ‘disclose, reveal’), but has a limited scope of action (prefixed verbs only). The second component of the model is the actionality (lexical aspect) with a maximal scope. Related to the verb class as a whole, it is especially crucial for non-prefixed simplexes. Actionality enables the functioning and perfective / imperfective characterization of simplexes which do not fall under the inflectional grammatical aspect. The analysis of ten biimperfective triplets resulted in several observations and conclusions. One of them concerns the role of a ‘joker’, which all imperfective simplexes (IPFV1) have in the aspectual triplets as (quasi)synonyms for corresponding secondary imperfectives (IPFV2). A working hypothesis on the predominance of IPFV1 over PFV in every triplet, based on the broader polysemy of the former, has not been confirmed. However, the two-component model has explanatory power for the cases of reverse frequency (PFV over IPFV1) through its lexical aspect component. Another working hypothesis on a possible increase or a decrease in the number of secondary imperfectives in diachrony was partially confirmed — an increase was noted for the 20/21st century.