Academic literature on the topic 'Assistant logiciel'
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Journal articles on the topic "Assistant logiciel":
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Contamines, Julien, Gilbert Paquette, and Richard Hotte. "LÉO, assistant logiciel pour une scénarisation pédagogique dirigée par les compétences." Revue internationale des technologies en pédagogie universitaire 6, no. 2-3 (2009): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1000009ar.
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Ribaud, Vincent, Philippe Saliou, and Claude Y. Laporte. "Un assistant de mémoire pour les très petits projets d’ingénierie du logiciel." Études de communication, no. 36 (June 1, 2011): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/edc.2631.
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Donin, Nicolas, and Jacques Theureau. "L’atelier d’un réalisateur en informatique musicale." Circuit 18, no. 1 (April 29, 2008): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/017906ar.
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Résumé Cet entretien avec Gilbert Nouno interroge le travail quotidien d’un assistant musical (ou réalisateur en informatique musicale). En février 2007, Nouno achevait une collaboration avec Xavier Dayer pour son oeuvre Delights (pour choeur, ensemble et électronique) et poursuivait une collaboration au long cours avec Jonathan Harvey à l’occasion de deux oeuvres : Wagner Dream et une nouvelle oeuvre pour orchestre. Ces projets impliquent des modalités de collaboration variées (périodicité, type d’implication du compositeur dans l’informatique, etc.) et divers usages du logiciel Max/MSP et de programmes associés. Nouno évoque également des interactions avec Pierre Boulez, Michael Jarrell et Marc Monnet. Enfin sont interrogées la variabilité, la plasticité, voire la précarité de l’activité de réalisateur en informatique musicale (et de son atelier).
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Chaix, B., G. Lobre, S. Mahboub, G. Delamon, J. E. Bibault, and B. Brouard. "Le chatbot, outil d’accompagnement thérapeutique de la dépression chez les patientes atteintes d’un cancer du sein." Psycho-Oncologie 14, no. 1-2 (March 2020): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/pson-2020-0113.
Abstract:
Objectif : Le chatbot est un logiciel qui utilise l’apprentissage statistique et a pour objectif de simuler une conversation par message textuel ou vocal. Le chatbot Vik a été développé dans le but d’améliorer la qualité de vie des patients atteints d’un cancer ou d’une maladie chronique. L’objectif de cette étude pilote est de mesurer l’humeur de patients atteints d’un cancer du sein, avant et après accompagnement par le chatbot Vik. Matériel et méthodes : Les patients ont été recrutés lors de la première utilisation de Vik. Ils ont été triés en fonction des critères d’inclusion (âge > 18 ans, atteints d’un cancer du sein et en cours de traitement, non-opposition, connaissance d’Internet). Ils ne devaient pas être suivis pour des troubles dépressifs ou en cours d’une psychothérapie. Le questionnaire PHQ-9 a été utilisé pour l’évaluation des symptômes de dépression. Seuls les patients ayant un score supérieur à 5 étaient inclus dans l’étude (j0). Le PHQ-9 était ensuite reproposé à j+15 puis à j+30. Résultats : Les utilisateurs recrutés (n = 74) avaient entre 26 et 78 ans. La moyenne d’âge était de 50 ans. Le taux de satisfaction globale était de 94 %. Le score moyen obtenu au PHQ-9 avant utilisation du chatbot (j0) était de 9,73 (ET : 2,02). À l’issue des 30 jours de l’expérimentation, il était de 5,00 (ET : 2,82). L’évolution de l’humeur au cours du temps était croissante à mesure que les participants discutaient avec le chatbot. Conclusion : Cette étude apporte des éléments prometteurs sur la possibilité d’un assistant virtuel conçu pour soutenir les patients d’offrir une méthode attrayante de suivi et de complémentarité aux méthodes traditionnelles de thérapie.
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Chandrakar, Chandu Lal, and Yuan Bentao. "From Learning Theory to Academic Organisation: The Institutionalisation of Higher Education Teaching Assistant Position in China." International Journal of Higher Education 7, no. 3 (May 28, 2018): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v7n3p124.
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This exploratory study critically investigates the teaching assistant regulations of higher education institutions of China. On the basis of content analysis of the teaching assistant regulations of five premier universities of China this study analyses the possible discrepancies that might compromise the principles of transparency, equal opportunity and encouraging excellence as stipulated in the vision, mission, and goal of the regulations. Teacher assistants do make more than two third of the academic staff at the universities in China. Besides, China has a second largest higher education system in terms of scale in the world. Practices of sharing skills and imparting knowledge at these institutions have been intermediated by a semi-institutionalized position, called ‘teacher assistants’. It’s therefore, the informal submission of assignments without record at the PhD level questions the purpose of integrity and academic freedom of the higher education at the universities. On the basis of an instrumentalised framework guided by the dimensions of decision making and learning organization theories this study using content analysis has formulated the recommendations for the institutions while selecting and training the students as teaching assistants. A critical but logical illustration of the teaching assistant regulations has also been detailed regarding academic integrity in this study.
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Niu, Yue, Jonathan Sterling, Harrison Grodin, and Robert Harper. "A cost-aware logical framework." Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 6, POPL (January 16, 2022): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3498670.
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We present calf , a c ost- a ware l ogical f ramework for studying quantitative aspects of functional programs. Taking inspiration from recent work that reconstructs traditional aspects of programming languages in terms of a modal account of phase distinctions , we argue that the cost structure of programs motivates a phase distinction between intension and extension . Armed with this technology, we contribute a synthetic account of cost structure as a computational effect in which cost-aware programs enjoy an internal noninterference property: input/output behavior cannot depend on cost. As a full-spectrum dependent type theory, calf presents a unified language for programming and specification of both cost and behavior that can be integrated smoothly with existing mathematical libraries available in type theoretic proof assistants. We evaluate calf as a general framework for cost analysis by implementing two fundamental techniques for algorithm analysis: the method of recurrence relations and physicist’s method for amortized analysis . We deploy these techniques on a variety of case studies: we prove a tight, closed bound for Euclid’s algorithm, verify the amortized complexity of batched queues, and derive tight, closed bounds for the sequential and parallel complexity of merge sort, all fully mechanized in the Agda proof assistant. Lastly we substantiate the soundness of quantitative reasoning in calf by means of a model construction.
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St Dizier de Almeida, Valérie. "Modélisation d'une assistance interactive pour améliorer l'accessibilité d'un logiciel." Sciences et techniques éducatives 4, no. 1 (1997): 13–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/stice.1997.1326.
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Guha, Joy. "Student Assistant: Bot Acting as a Students Personal Assistant." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 10, 2021): 317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.34743.
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Chat-bots assistant area of computer programs coded to possess a matter or verbal spoken language that is logical or intelligent. Chat-bots area unit designed to create humans believe that they're reprimand a human; however instead they're actually reprimand a machine. Taking advantage of this transparency property of chat-bot, a man-made character and temperament may be given to a chat-bot that acts sort of a person of a particular profession. This paper describes AN approach the concept of implementing “STUDENT ASSISTANT” a larva can solve several issues associated with students studies or teachers. The necessary options of this project is, when the required or necessary info from the students WhatsApp group (like-examdate’s, result, faculty raise something etc ) it'll cue the scholars if they are doing not seen the message. Chatbot helps the scholars in fixing schedule and adding them within the calendar. And conjointly it helps as a pursuit engine.
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Fleurquin, Régis, and Chouki Tibermacine. "Une assistance pour l'évolution des logiciels à base de composants." L'objet 13, no. 1 (March 7, 2007): 9–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/objet.13.1.9-44.
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Kuokka, Daniel, Stanley Jefferson, Lee Barford, and Felix Frayman. "A parametric design assistant for concurrent engineering." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 9, no. 2 (April 1995): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400002171.
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AbstractThe Explorer parametric design assistant, an interactive tool that provides intelligent support for searching concurrent-engineering trade-spaces under multiple, conflicting objectives, is described. The system provides a convenient means for specifying multiple, cross-disciplinary constraints in terms of tables, formulas, and logical sentences. Based on these data, the system performs interactive constraint checking, computes feasible designs, and provides graphical analysis facilities, allowing users to compare designs based on multiple criteria. As a first application, Explorer has been used as a printed circuit board (PCB) construction design assistant. In initial tests, Explorer has helped users to find design configurations not previously considered that yield comparable performance and cost while offering better manufacturability and reliability. The capabilities and use of the Explorer system are described in detail, the underlying technologies are outlined, and an evaluation of the prototype system is presented.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Assistant logiciel":
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BIENVENU, OLIVIER. "Conception d'un assistant pour un logiciel d'elements finis dedie aux calculs de champs electromagnetiques." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066033.
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Aujourd'hui, les logiciels de simulation sont devenus de plus en plus performants. Notamment, la methode des elements finis est de plus en plus utilisee pour determiner les caracteristiques ou bien encore pour optimiser un systeme. Cependant l'emploi de cette methode necessite des connaissances et de l'experience dans le domaine des techniques numeriques et de la physique du probleme traite. Afin de faciliter l'acces a la methode des elements finis, il a ete entrepris de realiser un logiciel d'aide aux utilisateurs. Apres avoir etudier differentes methodes, le choix s'est porte sur un assistant. En effet l'assistant logiciel est une methode de prise de decision qui s'adapte tres bien a un logiciel qui utilise la methode des elements finis. Pour que la mise en uvre de l'assistant soit complete, il a ete necessaire de developper un logiciel d'elements finis. Celui-ci comporte tous les outils necessaires a la realisation d'un calcul par la methode des elements finis : un pre-processeur, un mailleur, un code de calcul genere dynamiquement et un post-processeur. Le fonctionnement de l'assistant repose sur l'exploitation d'un fichier contenant des questions liees entres elles. La liaison entre les questions se fait grace a la reponse fourni par l'utilisateur. Les reponses sont donnees dans le fichier d'assistance. Afin d'agir sur le logiciel d'elements finis, des actions sont memorisees en meme temps que la reponse est donnee. A la fin de la session d'expertise, l'ensemble des actions sont appliquees pour que l'utilisateur puisse obtenir le resultat attendu. En conclusion, l'utilisation d'un logiciel d'assistance est tout a fait satisfaisante lorsqu'il s'agit d'aider a prendre des decisions pour l'exploitation correcte d'un logiciel d'elements finis. De plus l'emploi d'un fichier permet une evolution aisee de l'assistant lors de l'ajout de nouvelles fonctionnalites au programme d'elements finis.
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Zimmermann, Théo. "Challenges in the collaborative evolution of a proof language and its ecosystem." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7163.
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Dans cette thèse, je présente l'application de méthodes et de connaissances en génie logiciel au développement, à la maintenance et à l'évolution de Coq —un assistant de preuve interactif basé sur la théorie des types— et de son écosystème de paquets. Coq est développé chez Inria depuis 1984, mais sa base d’utilisateurs n’a cessé de s’agrandir, ce qui suscite désormais une attention renforcée quant à sa maintenabilité et à la participation de contributeurs externes à son évolution et à celle de son écosystème de plugins et de bibliothèques.D'importants changements ont eu lieu ces dernières années dans les processus de développement de Coq, dont j'ai été à la fois un témoin et un acteur (adoption de GitHub en tant que plate-forme de développement, tout d'abord pour son mécanisme de pull request, puis pour son système de tickets, adoption de l'intégration continue, passage à des cycles de sortie de nouvelles versions plus courts, implication accrue de contributeurs externes dans les processus de développement et de maintenance open source). Les contributions de cette thèse incluent une description historique de ces changements, le raffinement des processus existants et la conception de nouveaux processus, la conception et la mise en œuvre de nouveaux outils facilitant l’application de ces processus, et la validation de ces changements par le biais d’évaluations empiriques rigoureuses.L'implication de contributeurs externes est également très utile au niveau de l'écosystème de paquets. Cette thèse contient en outre une analyse des méthodes de distribution de paquets et du problème spécifique de la maintenance à long terme des paquets ayant un seul responsableIn this thesis, I present the application of software engineering methods and knowledge to the development, maintenance, and evolution of Coq —an interactive proof assistant based on type theory— and its package ecosystem. Coq has been developed at Inria since 1984, but has only more recently seen a surge in its user base, which leads to much stronger concerns about its maintainability, and the involvement of external contributors in the evolution of both Coq, and its ecosystem of plugins and libraries.Recent years have seen important changes in the development processes of Coq, of which I have been a witness and an actor (adoption of GitHub as a development platform, first for its pull request mechanism, then for its bug tracker, adoption of continuous integration, switch to shorter release cycles, increased involvement of external contributors in the open source development and maintenance process). The contributions of this thesis include a historical description of these changes, the refinement of existing processes, and the design of new ones, the design and implementation of new tools to help the application of these processes, and the validation of these changes through rigorous empirical evaluation.Involving external contributors is also very useful at the level of the package ecosystem. This thesis additionally contains an analysis of package distribution methods, and a focus on the problem of the long-term maintenance of single-maintainer packages
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Savary-Leblanc, Maxime. "Augmenting software engineers with modeling assistants." Thesis, Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/EDMADIS/2021/2021LILUB027.pdf.
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La connaissance du domaine est une condition préalable à la conception et à la mise en œuvre de logiciels adaptés aux exigences des parties prenantes. Une façon courante de formaliser cette connaissance est réalisée par des modèles conceptuels, qui sont couramment utilisés pour décrire ou simuler un système. L'acquisition d'une telle expertise nécessite de discuter avec des parties prenantes bien informées et/ou d'avoir accès à des documents utiles, qui ne sont pas toujours facilement accessibles. Dans le même temps, de plus en plus d'échantillons de modèles peuvent être rassemblés à partir de sources multiples, ce qui représente un nombre croissant d'éléments de connaissance déjà formalisés et accessibles. Par exemple, certaines entreprises conservent des archives de référentiels de modèles internes. Il existe également de nombreux projets open source qui contiennent des modèles, tandis que certains outils de modélisation offrent même la possibilité de créer des projets publics que l'on peut parcourir librement. Ces sources de données pourraient être exploitées pour créer une connaissance du domaine qui pourrait être fournie aux ingénieurs logiciels lors de la modélisation. Pour être utile, cette connaissance doit être de haute qualité, mais doit aussi être bien intégrée dans le processus de modélisation du logiciel. L'objectif de cette thèse est de fournir un cadre pour exploiter les connaissances afin d'aider les utilisateurs d'outils de modélisation informatique avec des assistants de modélisation logicielle. Cette thèse présente d'abord nos questions de recherche basées sur une étude de cartographie systématique sur les assistants logiciels pour l'ingénierie logicielle, et se concentre ensuite sur les assistants logiciels pour la modélisation. Elle rend compte de la conception d'assistants de modélisation basée sur une approche centrée sur l'utilisateur. Nous présentons les conclusions des entretiens menés avec des experts en modélisation, une étape au cours de laquelle les exigences sont recueillies. Ensuite, nous développons la création d'un prototype de base de connaissances en modélisation permettant (i) de créer des connaissances artificielles générales et spécifiques en modélisation, et (ii) de les mettre à disposition de tout client logiciel via des recommandations. Après avoir présenté les résultats d'une expérience concernant la précision du système, nous discutons ces résultats préliminaires. Enfin, cette thèse présente l'implémentation d'un assistant de modélisation logiciel intégré à l'outil Papyrus, qui vise à cognifier l'environnement de modélisation UML en intégrant les connaissances précédemment créées. Notre travail permet de clarifier le besoin d'assistance pendant les travaux de modélisation de logiciels, de présenter une première approche de la conception d'assistants logiciels pour la modélisation de logiciels, et d'identifier les défis de recherche dans l'assistance à la modélisationDomain knowledge is a prerequisite to produce software design and implementation tailored to stakeholders’ requirements. One common way to formalize that knowledge is achieved through conceptual models, which are commonly used to describe or simulate a system. Acquiring such expertise requires to discuss with knowledgeable stakeholders and/or to get an access to useful documents, which both might not always be easily accessible. In the same time, more and more model samples can be gathered from multiple sources, what represents an increasing number of already formalized and accessible knowledge pieces. For example, some companies keep archives of internal model repositories. There also exist numerous open source projects that contain models while some modeling tools even offer the possibility to create public projects that are free to browse. Such data sources could be exploited to create domain knowledge that could be provided to software engineers while modeling. To be useful, this knowledge must be of high quality, but must also be well integrated into the software modeling process. The focus of this thesis is to provide a framework to exploit knowledge to assist users of computer-based modeling tools with software modeling assistants. This thesis first introduces our research questions based on a systematic mapping study about software assistants for software engineering, and then focuses on software assistants for modeling. It reports on the design of modeling assistants based on a user-centered approach. We present the conclusions of interviews conducted with experts in modeling, a stage in which requirements are collected. Then, we develop the creation of a prototype modeling knowledge base allowing (i) to create general and specific artificial modeling knowledge, and (ii) to make them available to any software client via recommendations. After introducing the results of an experiment regarding the accuracy of the system, we discuss these preliminary results. Finally, this thesis presents a software modeling assistant implementation integrated to the Papyrus tool, which aims to cognify the UML modeling environment by integrating the previously created knowledge. Our work helps to clarify the need for assistance during software modeling work, presents an initial approach to the design of software assistants for software modeling, and identify research challenges in modeling assistance
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Delépine, Ludovic. "L'assistance à la navigation hyperdocumentaire : un assistant logiciel d'aide à la recherche de documents visités par un lecteur dans le contexte du Web : une approche sémio-technologique." Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOS009.
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Filou, Vincent. "Une étude formelle de la théorie des calculs locaux à l'aide de l'assistant de preuve Coq." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14708/document.
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L'objectif de cette thèse est de produire un environnement permettant de raisonner formellement sur la correction de systèmes de calculs locaux, ainsi que sur l'expressivité de ce modèle de calcul. Pour ce faire, nous utilisons l'assistant de preuve Coq. Notre première contribution est la formalisation en Coq de la sémantique des systèmes de réétiquetage localement engendrés, ou calculs locaux. Un système de calculs locaux est un système de réétiquetage de graphe dont la portée est limitée. Nous proposons donc tout d'abord une implantation succincte de la théorie des graphes en Coq, et utilisons cette dernière pour définir les systèmes de réétiquetage de graphes localement engendrés. Nous avons relevé, dans la définition usuelle des calculs locaux, certaines ambiguïtés. Nous proposons donc une nouvelle définition, et montrons formellement que celle-ci capture toutes les sous-classes d'algorithmes étudiées. Nous esquissons enfin une méthodologie de preuve des systèmes de calculs locaux en Coq.Notre seconde contribution consiste en l'étude formelle de l'expressivité des systèmes de calculs locaux. Nous formalisons un résultat de D. Angluin (repris par la suite par Y. Métivier et J. Chalopin): l'inexistence d'un algorithme d'élection universelle. Nous proposons ensuite deux lemmes originaux concernant les calculs locaux sur les arêtes (ou systèmes LC0), et utilisons ceux-ci pour produire des preuves formelles d'impossibilité pour plusieurs problèmes: calcul du degré de chaque sommet, calcul d'arbre recouvrant, etélection. Nous proposons informellement une nouvelles classes de graphe pour laquelle l'élection est irréalisable par des calculs locaux sur les arêtes.Nous étudions ensuite les transformations de systèmes de calculs locaux et de leur preuves. Nous adaptons le concept de Forward Simulation de N. Lynch aux systèmes de calculs locaux et utilisons ce dernier pour démontrer formellement l'inclusion de deux modes de détection de terminaison dans le cas des systèmes LC0. La preuve de cette inclusion estsimplifiée par l'utilisation de transformations "standards" de systèmes, pour lesquels des résultats génériques ont été démontrés. Finalement, nous réutilisons ces transformations standards pour étudier, en collaboration avec M. Tounsi, deux techniques de composition des systèmes de réétiquetage LC0. Une bibliothèque Coq d'environ 50000 lignes, contenant les preuves formelles des théorèmes présentés dans le mémoire de thèse à été produite en collaboration avec Pierre Castéran (dont environ 40%produit en propre par V. Filou) au cours de cette thèseThe goal of this work is to build a framework allowing the study, in aformal setting, of the correctness of local computations systems aswell as the expressivity of this model. A local computation system isa set of graph relabelling rules with limited scope, corresponding to a class of distributed algorithms.Our first contribution is the formalisation, in the Coq proofassistant, of a relationnal semantic for local computation systems.This work is based on an original formal graph theory for Coq.Ambiguities inherent to a "pen and paper" definition of local computations are corrected, and we prove that our definition captures all sub-classes of relabelling relations studied in the remainder. We propose a draft of a proof methodology for local computation systems in Coq. Our second contribution is the study of the expressivity of classes of local computations inside our framework. We provide,for instance, a formal proof of D. Angluin results on election and graph coverings. We propose original "meta-theorems" concerningthe LC0 class of local computation, and use these theorem to produce formal impossibility proofs.Finally we study possible transformations of local computation systemsand of their proofs. To this end, we adapt the notion of ForwardSimulation, originally formulated by N. Lynch, to localcomputations. We use this notion to define certified transformationsof LC0 systems. We show how those certified transformation can be useto study the expressivity of certain class of algorithm in ourframework. We define, as certified transformation, two notions ofcomposition for LC0 systems.A Coq library of ~ 50000 lines of code, containing the formal proofs of the theorems presented in the thesis has been produced in collaboration with Pierre Castéran
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Lelay, Catherine. "Repenser la bibliothèque réelle de Coq : vers une formalisation de l'analyse classique mieux adaptée." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112096/document.
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L'analyse réelle a de nombreuses applications car c'est un outil approprié pour modéliser de nombreux phénomènes physiques et socio-économiques. En tant que tel, sa formalisation dans des systèmes de preuve formelle est justifié pour permettre aux utilisateurs de vérifier formellement des théorèmes mathématiques et l'exactitude de systèmes critiques. La bibliothèque standard de Coq dispose d'une axiomatisation des nombres réels et d'une bibliothèque de théorèmes d'analyse réelle. Malheureusement, cette bibliothèque souffre de nombreuses lacunes. Par exemple, les définitions des intégrales et des dérivées sont basées sur les types dépendants, ce qui les rend difficiles à utiliser dans la pratique. Cette thèse décrit d'abord l'état de l'art des différentes bibliothèques d'analyse réelle disponibles dans les assistants de preuve. Pour pallier les insuffisances de la bibliothèque standard de Coq, nous avons conçu une bibliothèque facile à utiliser : Coquelicot. Une façon plus facile d'écrire les formules et les théorèmes a été mise en place en utilisant des fonctions totales à la place des types dépendants pour écrire les limites, dérivées, intégrales et séries entières. Pour faciliter l'utilisation, la bibliothèque dispose d'un ensemble complet de théorèmes couvrant ces notions, mais aussi quelques extensions comme les intégrales à paramètres et les comportements asymptotiques. En plus, une hiérarchie algébrique permet d'appliquer certains théorèmes dans un cadre plus générique comme les nombres complexes pour les matrices. Coquelicot est une extension conservative de l'analyse classique de la bibliothèque standard de Coq et nous avons démontré les théorèmes de correspondance entre les deux formalisations. Nous avons testé la bibliothèque sur plusieurs cas d'utilisation : sur une épreuve du Baccalauréat, pour les définitions et les propriétés des fonctions de Bessel ainsi que pour la solution de l'équation des ondes en dimension 1Real analysis is pervasive to many applications, if only because it is a suitable tool for modeling physical or socio-economical systems. As such, its support is warranted in proof assistants, so that the users have a way to formally verify mathematical theorems and correctness of critical systems. The Coq system comes with an axiomatization of standard real numbers and a library of theorems on real analysis. Unfortunately, this standard library is lacking some widely used results. For instance, the definitions of integrals and derivatives are based on dependent types, which make them cumbersome to use in practice. This thesis first describes various state-of-the-art libraries available in proof assistants. To palliate the inadequacies of the Coq standard library, we have designed a user-friendly formalization of real analysis: Coquelicot. An easier way of writing formulas and theorem statements is achieved by relying on total functions in place of dependent types for limits, derivatives, integrals, power series, and so on. To help with the proof process, the library comes with a comprehensive set of theorems that cover not only these notions, but also some extensions such as parametric integrals and asymptotic behaviors. Moreover, an algebraic hierarchy makes it possible to apply some of the theorems in a more generic setting, such as complex numbers or matrices. Coquelicot is a conservative extension of the classical analysis of Coq's standard library and we provide correspondence theorems between the two formalizations. We have exercised the library on several use cases: in an exam at university entry level, for the definitions and properties of Bessel functions, and for the solution of the one-dimensional wave equation
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Nemouchi, Yakoub. "Model-based Testing of Operating System-Level Security Mechanisms." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS061/document.
Abstract:
Le test à base de modèle, en particulier test basé sur des assistants à la preuve, réduit de façon transparente l'écart entre la théorie, le modèle formel, et l’implémentation d'un système informatique. Actuellement, les techniques de tests offrent une possibilité d'interagir directement avec de "vrais" systèmes : via différentes propriétés formelles, les tests peuvent être dérivés et exécutés sur le système sous test. Convenablement, l'ensemble du processus peut être entièrement automatisé. Le but de cette thèse est de créer un environnement de test de séquence à base de modèle pour les programmes séquentiels et concurrents. Tout d'abord une théorie générique sur les monades est présentée, qui est indépendante de tout programme ou système informatique. Il se trouve que notre théorie basée sur les monades est assez expressive pour couvrir tous les comportements et les concepts de tests. En particulier, nous considérons ici : les exécutions séquentielles, les exécutions concurrentes, les exécutions synchronisées, les exécutions avec interruptions. Sur le plan conceptuel, la théorie apporte des notions comme la notion raffinement de test, les cas de tests abstraits, les cas de test concrets, les oracles de test, les scénarios de test, les données de tests, les pilotes de tests, les relations de conformités et les critères de couverture dans un cadre théorique et pratique. Dans ce cadre, des règles de raffinement de comportements et d'exécution symbolique sont élaborées pour le cas générique, puis affinées et utilisées pour des systèmes complexes spécifique. Comme application pour notre théorie, nous allons instancier notre environnement par un modèle séquentiel d'un microprocesseur appelé VAMP développé au cours du projet Verisoft. Pour le cas d'étude sur la concurrence, nous allons utiliser notre environnement pour modéliser et tester l'API IPC d'un système d'exploitation industriel appelé PikeOS.Notre environnement est implémenté en Isabelle / HOL. Ainsi, notre approche bénéficie directement des modèles, des outils et des preuves formelles de ce systèmeFormal methods can be understood as the art of applying mathematical reasoningto the modeling, analysis and verification of computer systems. Three mainverification approaches can be distinguished: verification based on deductive proofs,model checking and model-based testing.Model-based testing, in particular in its radical form of theorem proving-based testingcite{brucker.ea:2012},bridges seamlessly the gap between the theory, the formal model, and the implementationof a system. Actually,theorem proving based testing techniques offer a possibility to directly interactwith "real" systems: via differentformal properties, tests can be derived and executed on the system under test.Suitably supported, the entire process can fully automated.The purpose of this thesis is to create a model-based sequence testing environmentfor both sequential and concurrent programs. First a generic testing theory basedon monads is presented, which is independent of any concrete program or computersystem. It turns out that it is still expressive enough to cover all common systembehaviours and testing concepts. In particular, we consider here: sequential executions,concurrent executions, synchronised executions, executions with abort.On the conceptual side, it brings notions like test refinements,abstract test cases, concrete test cases,test oracles, test scenarios, test data, test drivers, conformance relations andcoverage criteria into one theoretical and practical framework.In this framework, both behavioural refinement rules and symbolic executionrules are developed for the generic case and then refined and used for specificcomplex systems. As an application, we will instantiate our framework by an existingsequential model of a microprocessor called VAMP developed during the Verisoft-Project.For the concurrent case, we will use our framework to model and test the IPC API of areal industrial operating system called PikeOS.Our framework is implemented in Isabelle/HOL. Thus, our approach directly benefitsfrom the existing models, tools, and formal proofs in this system
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Guettala, Abdelheq Et-Tahir. "VizAssist : un assistant utilisateur pour le choix et le paramétrage des méthodes de fouille visuelle de données." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4017/document.
Abstract:
Nous nous intéressons dans cette thèse au problème de l’automatisation du processus de choix et de paramétrage des visualisations en fouille visuelle de données. Pour résoudre ce problème, nous avons développé un assistant utilisateur "VizAssist" dont l’objectif principal est de guider les utilisateurs (experts ou novices) durant le processus d’exploration et d’analyse de leur ensemble de données. Nous illustrons, l’approche sur laquelle s’appuie VizAssit pour guider les utilisateurs dans le choix et le paramétrage des visualisations. VizAssist propose un processus en deux étapes. La première étape consiste à recueillir les objectifs annoncés par l’utilisateur ainsi que la description de son jeu de données à visualiser, pour lui proposer un sous ensemble de visualisations candidates pour le représenter. Dans cette phase, VizAssist suggère différents appariements entre la base de données à visualiser et les visualisations qu’il gère. La seconde étape permet d’affiner les différents paramétrages suggérés par le système. Dans cette phase, VizAssist utilise un algorithme génétique interactif qui a pour apport de permettre aux utilisateurs d’évaluer et d’ajuster visuellement ces paramétrages. Nous présentons enfin les résultats de l’évaluation utilisateur que nous avons réalisé ainsi que les apports de notre outil à accomplir quelques tâches de fouille de donnéesIn this thesis, we deal with the problem of automating the process of choosing an appropriate visualization and its parameters in the context of visual data mining. To solve this problem, we developed a user assistant "VizAssist" which mainly assist users (experts and novices) during the process of exploration and analysis of their dataset. We illustrate the approach used by VizAssit to help users in the visualization selection and parameterization process. VizAssist proposes a process based on two steps. In the first step, VizAssist collects the user’s objectives and the description of his dataset, and then proposes a subset of candidate visualizations to represent them. In this step, VizAssist suggests a different mapping between the database for representation and the set of visualizations it manages. The second step allows user to adjust the different mappings suggested by the system. In this step, VizAssist uses an interactive genetic algorithm to allow users to visually evaluate and adjust such mappings. We present finally the results that we have obtained during the user evaluation that we performed and the contributions of our tool to accomplish some tasks of data mining
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Braun, David. "Approche combinatoire pour l'automatisation en Coq des preuves formelles en géométrie d'incidence projective." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAD020.
Abstract:
Ce travail de thèse s’inscrit dans le domaine de la preuve assistée par ordinateur et se place d'un point de vue méthodologique. L’objectif premier des assistants de preuves est de vérifier qu’une preuve écrite à la main est correcte; la question ici est de savoir comment à l’intérieur d’un tel système, il est possible d'aider un utilisateur à fabriquer une preuve formelle du résultat auquel il s'intéresse. Ces questions autour de la vérification de preuves, en particulier en certification du logiciel, et au delà de leur traçabilité et de leur lisibilité sont en effet devenues prégnantes avec l’importance qu’ont prise les algorithmes dans notre société. Bien évidemment, répondre à la question de l’aide à la preuve dans toute sa généralité dépasse largement le cadre de cette thèse. C’est pourquoi nous focalisons nos travaux sur la preuve en mathématiques dans un cadre particulier qui est bien connu dans notre équipe : la géométrie et sa formalisation dans le système Coq. Dans ce domaine, nous mettons premièrement en évidence les niveaux auxquels on peut oeuvrer à savoir le contexte scientifique à travers les méthodes de formalisation mais aussi le contexte méthodologique et technique au sein de l'assistant de preuve Coq. Dans un second temps, nous essayons de montrer comment nos méthodes et nos idées sont généralisables à d'autres disciplines. Nous mettons ainsi en place dans nos travaux les premiers jalons pour une aide à la preuve efficace dans un contexte géométrique simple mais omniprésent. À travers une approche classique fondée sur la géométrie synthétique et une approche combinatoire complémentaire utilisant le concept de rang issu de la théorie des matroïdes, nous fournissons à l'utilisateur des principes généraux et des outils facilitant l'élaboration de preuves formelles. Dans ce sens, nous comparons les capacités d'automatisation de ces deux approches dans le contexte précis des géométries finies avant de finalement construire un prouveur automatique de configuration géométrique d'incidenceThis thesis work is part of the general field of computer-assisted proof and is methodologically based. The primary objective of proof assistants is to verify that handwritten demonstration is correct; the question here is how within such a system, it is possible to help a user to make a formal proof of the result in which he is interested. These questions around the verification of proofs, in particular in software certification, and beyond their traceability and readability have indeed become significant with the importance that algorithms have taken on in our society. Obviously, answering the question of proof assistance in all its generality goes far beyond the scope of this thesis. This is why we focus our work on proof in mathematics in a particular framework that is well known in our team: geometry and its formalization in the Coq system. In this field, we first highlight the levels at which we can work, namely the scientific context through the formalization methods but also the methodological and technical context within the Coq proof assistant. In a second step, we try to show how our methods and ideas can be generalized to other disciplines. In this way, we are putting in place the first steps towards effective proof assistance in a simple but omnipresent geometric context. Through a classical approach based on synthetic geometry and a complementary combinatorial approach using the concept of rank from matroid theory, we provide the user with general principles and tools to facilitate the development of formal proof. In this sense, we compare the automation capabilities of these two approaches in the specific context of finite geometries before finally constructing an automatic prover of geometric configurations of incidence
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Boudissa, Mehdi. "Réduction virtuelle des fractures complexes du bassin à l'aide du premier simulateur biomécanique patient-spécifique Computer-assisted surgery in acetabular fractures: Virtual reduction of acetabular fracture using the first patient-specific biomechanical model simulator Computer Assisted Surgery in Preoperative Planning of Acetabular Fracture Surgery: State of the Art." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAS038.
Abstract:
The aim of this work was to develop and validate a new pre-operative planning in acetabular surgery based on a patient-specific biomechal model. During the first part of this work we brought enhancement in each step of the planning process for acetabular fracture surgery. The first step was to generate 3D models of several acetabular fracture patterns using semi-automatic segmentation methods. In the same time, we showed that the segmented fragments bone could be usefull to correctly classify acetabular fracture by unexperimented residents. The second step was to generate a patient-specific model, in a very simple way, that could be used in clinical practice by surgeons. A literature review of acetabular planning models was performed to identify that a new paradigm was required because of the limitations of the existing models. Once the objectives of patient-specific modelling was identified, a literature review of hips models was performed to record biomechanical properties of the elements that we had to modelize. A compromise between simplicity and realistic behaviour was found to generate patient-specifics biomechanical models, in a limited time, that could be used in clinical practice. Clinical studies on 14 operated cases, then 29 operated cases and finally 39 operated cases, were performed to validate retrospectively the simulations. The results were quite promising. Only open-source softwares with their own weaknesses were used because validity and feasability of the procedure was required before bigger investissment. The proof of concept was done. A prospective clinical study has shown the efficiency of the patient-specific biomechanical simulation and its feasibility in a daily clinical practice. This work opens a door for new approaches in surgical planning and patient-specific modellingL’objectif de cette thèse est de développer et valider une nouvelle méthode de planification pré-opératoire en chirurgie traumatique de l’acetabulum reposant sur un modèle biomécanique patient-spécifique. La première partie de ce travail a consisté en l’élaboration et l’amélioration progressive de ce nouvel outil de planification. La première étape était de générer des modèles tri-dimensionnels de plusieurs fractures acétabulaires à l’aide d’une méthode de segmentation semi-automatique. Dans le même temps, nous avons démontré que les fragments osseux segmentés pouvaient être utile pour classer correctement les fractures acétabulaires par des internes non expérimentés. La seconde étape était de générer un modèle biomécanique patient-spécifique, le plus simplement possible pour pouvoir être compatible avec une pratique clinique régulière. Une revue de la littérature à propos des différentes méthodes de planifications péri-opératoire en traumatologie de l’acetabulum a été réalisée afin d’identifier qu’un nouveau paradigme était nécessaire du fait des limites des méthodes existantes. Une fois les objectifs d’une modélisation biomécanique patient-spécifique définis, une revue de la littérature des différents modèles biomécanique de la hanche a été réalisée pour définir les propriétés biomécaniques des différents éléments à modéliser. Un compromis entre simplicité et comportement réaliste du modèle a été trouvé pour générer un modèle biomécanique patient-spécifique, dans un temps limité, compatible avec une utilisation courante en pratique clinique. Des études cliniques portant sur 14 cas de fractures acétabulaires opérées, puis 29 et finalement 39 cas ont été réalisées pour valider rétrospectivement les simulations biomécaniques. Les résultats montraient une parfaite adéquation avec la réalité. Seuls des logiciels en libre accès, avec leurs faiblesses, étaient utilisés car la fiabilité et la validité de la simulation étaient nécessaires avant d’envisager plus d’investissements. La preuve de concept était donnée. Enfin, une étude clinique prospective a démontré l’efficacité de la simulation biomécanique patient-spécifique et sa faisabilité en pratique clinique quotidienne. Ce travail ouvre la porte à de nouvelles approches en matière de planification chirurgicale et de modélisation patient-spécifique
Books on the topic "Assistant logiciel":
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Khawaja, Sarmad. Measuring statistical capacity building: A logical framework approach. [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, Statistics Department, 2001.
Book chapters on the topic "Assistant logiciel":
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Chatzikyriakidis, Stergios, and Zhaohui Luo. "Proof Assistants for Natural Language Semantics." In Logical Aspects of Computational Linguistics. Celebrating 20 Years of LACL (1996–2016), 85–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53826-5_6.
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El-Fiqi, Heba, Kathryn Kasmarik, and Hussein A. Abbass. "Logical Shepherd Assisting Air Traffic Controllers for Swarm UAV Traffic Control Systems." In Unmanned System Technologies, 245–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60898-9_11.
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"Operator Assistance." In Why Did the Logician Cross the Road? Bloomsbury Academic, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350178946.ch-006.
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Choi, Jeeyae, and Yeounsoo Kim-Godwin. "Website for Women Who Abuse Opioids: What Are the Essential Components?" In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210757.
Abstract:
Studies indicate opioid prevention programs should be designed differently for men and women. Since a website is an effective means of providing behavioral interventions, tailoring one to meet the specific needs of women is a logical step in assisting them to overcome opioid misuse. We identified essential components for inclusion in a website following a community engagement project.
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Inwood, Brad. "6. Logic." In Stoicism: A Very Short Introduction, 88–99. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198786665.003.0006.
Abstract:
‘Logic’ explains that logic has a broad and a narrow sense in Stoic theory and deals with a subset of sayables and meanings. Their logic is close to what we would call propositional logic. Chrysippus was the pioneer and genius of Stoic logic. He seems to have held that in simple assertoric logic all valid inference forms could be reduced to combinations of five basic and indemonstrable argument forms, with the assistance of several other logical and metalogical principles. The Stoics also worked extensively on modal syllogistic and other areas of research in logic with a sophistication not paralleled in some cases until the 20th century.
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Maleewong, Krissada, Chutiporn Anutariya, and Vilas Wuwongse. "Enabling Intelligence in Web-Based Collaborative Knowledge Management System." In Mobile and Web Innovations in Systems and Service-Oriented Engineering, 63–82. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2470-2.ch004.
Abstract:
This paper presents an approach to enhance various intelligent services of a Web-based collaborative knowledge management system. The proposed approach applies the two widely-used argumentation technologies, namely IBIS and Toulmin’s argumentation schemes, to structurally capture the deliberation and collaboration occurred during the consensual knowledge creation process. It employs RDF and OWL as its underlying knowledge representation language with well-defined semantics and reasoning mechanisms. Users can easily create knowledge using a simple corresponding graphical notation with machine-processable semantics. Derivation of implicit knowledge, similar concept discovery, as well as semantic search, are also enabled. In addition, the proposed approach incorporates the term suggestion function for assisting users in the knowledge creation process by computing the relevance score for each relevant term, and presenting the most relevant terms to users for possible term reusing or equivalence concepts mapping. To ensure the knowledge consistency, a logical mechanism for validating conflicting arguments and contradicting concepts is also developed. Founded on the proposed approach, a Web-based system, namely ciSAM, is implemented and available for public usage.
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Dobson, Phillip, John Myles, and Paul Jackson. "Making the Case for Critical Realism." In Emerging Systems Approaches in Information Technologies, 329–44. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-976-2.ch019.
Abstract:
This article seeks to address the dearth of practical examples of research in the area by proposing that critical realism be adopted as the underlying research philosophy for enterprise systems evaluation. We address some of the implications of adopting such an approach by discussing the evaluation and implementation of a number of automated performance measurement systems (APMS). Such systems are a recent evolution within the context of enterprise information systems. They collect operational data from integrated systems to generate values for key performance indicators, which are delivered directly to senior management. The creation and delivery of these data are fully automated, precluding manual intervention by middle or line management. Whilst these systems appear to be a logical progression in the exploitation of the available rich, real-time data, the statistics for APMS projects are disappointing. An understanding of the reasons is elusive and little researched. We describe how critical realism can provide a useful “underlabourer” for such research, by “clearing the ground a little ... removing some of the rubbish that lies in the way of knowledge” (Locke, 1894, p. 14). The implications of such an underlabouring role are investigated. Whilst the research is still underway, the article indicates how a critical realist foundation is assisting the research process.
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Dobson, Phillip, John Myles, and Paul Jackson. "Making the Case for Critical Realism." In Information Resources Management, 1894–909. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-965-1.ch702.
Abstract:
This article seeks to address the dearth of practical examples of research in the area by proposing that critical realism be adopted as the underlying research philosophy for enterprise systems evaluation. We address some of the implications of adopting such an approach by discussing the evaluation and implementation of a number of automated performance measurement systems (APMS). Such systems are a recent evolution within the context of enterprise information systems. They collect operational data from integrated systems to generate values for key performance indicators, which are delivered directly to senior management. The creation and delivery of these data are fully automated, precluding manual intervention by middle or line management. Whilst these systems appear to be a logical progression in the exploitation of the available rich, real-time data, the statistics for APMS projects are disappointing. An understanding of the reasons is elusive and little researched. We describe how critical realism can provide a useful “underlabourer” for such research, by “clearing the ground a little ... removing some of the rubbish that lies in the way of knowledge” (Locke, 1894, p. 14). The implications of such an underlabouring role are investigated. Whilst the research is still underway, the article indicates how a critical realist foundation is assisting the research process.
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Zeadally, Sherali. "Audio Streaming to IP-Enabled Bluetooth Devices." In Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking, Second Edition, 90–97. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-014-1.ch013.
Abstract:
Over the last few years, we have witnessed the emergence of many wireless systems and devices such as cellular phones, personal digital assistants, pagers, and other portable devices. However, they are often used separately, and their applications do not interact. One of the goals of personal area networks (PANs) (Bluetooth SIG, 2002a; Gavrilovska & Prasad, 2001) is to enable such a diverse set of devices to exchange information in a seamless, friendly, and efficient way. The emergence of Bluetooth (Bluetooth SIG, 2001b; Roberts, 2003) wireless technology promises such seamless networking. Bluetooth is an open industry standard that can provide short-range radio communications among small form factor mobile devices. Bluetooth is based on a high-performance, low-cost integrated radio transceiver and has been designed to provide a cable replacement technology with emphasis on robustness and low cost. Bluetooth supports two types of links: the synchronous connection-oriented (SCO) link and the asynchronous connectionless link (ACL). Figure 1 illustrates the Bluetooth protocol stack. The link manager protocol (LMP) performs link setup and configuration functions. The logical link and control adaptation (L2CAP) layer supports protocol multiplexing and connection-oriented/connectionless data services. The host controller interface (HCI) layer provides an interface to access the hardware capabilities of Bluetooth. In this article, we focus on the design and implementation of an architecture that (a) provides interoperability and connectivity of Bluetooth networks with other networks using Internet protocol (IP) technology and (b) enables Bluetooth mobile devices to wirelessly stream high-quality audio (greater bandwidth than toll quality voice) content from other Internet devices. We also investigate the efficiency of different design approaches that can be used by Bluetooth-enabled devices for high-quality audio streaming.
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Copeland, Jack. "Colossus and the Rise of the Modern Computer." In Colossus. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192840554.003.0017.
Abstract:
Secrecy about Colossus has bedevilled the history of computing. In the years following the Second World War, the Hungarian-born American logician and mathematician John von Neumann, through writings and charismatic public addresses, made the concept of the electronic digital computer widely known. Von Neumann knew nothing of Colossus, and he told the world that the American ENIAC—first operational at the end of 1945, two years after Colossus—was ‘the first electronic computing machine’. Others familiar with the ENIAC and unaware of Colossus peddled the same message. The myth soon became set in stone, and for the rest of the twentieth century book after book—not to mention magazines and newspaper articles—told readers that the ENIAC was the first electronic computer. In 1971, a leading computer science textbook gave this historical summary: ‘The early story has often been told, starting with Babbage and . . . up to the birth of electronic machines with ENIAC.’ The present chapter revisits the early story, setting Colossus in its proper place. In the original sense of the word, a computer was not a machine at all, but a human being—a mathematical assistant whose task was to calculate by rote, in accordance with a systematic method supplied by an overseer prior to the calculation. The computer, like a filing clerk, might have little detailed knowledge of the end to which his or her work was directed. Many thousands of human computers were employed in business, government, and research establishments, doing some of the sorts of calculating work that nowadays is performed by electronic computers (see photograph 42). The term ‘computing machine’ was used increasingly from the 1920s to refer to small calculating machines which mechanised elements of the human computer’s work. For a complex calculation, several dozen human computers might be required, each equipped with a desktop computing machine. By the 1940s, however, the scale of some calculations required by physicists and engineers had become so great that the work could not easily be done in a reasonable time by even a roomful of human computers with desktop computing machines. The need to develop high-speed large-scale computing machinery was pressing.
Conference papers on the topic "Assistant logiciel":
1
Maiorano, Massimo, and Enrico Sciubba. "Heat Exchangers Networks Synthesis and Optimisation Performed by an Exergy-Based Expert Assistant." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0851.
Abstract:
Abstract This paper presents a novel method for the design of “optimal” (or quasi-optimal) HEN. The method consists of an Expert System (“ES”) based on a small number of powerful and strongly selective heuristic rules. The important contribution of this study does not lie in the formulation of the rules, that have been adapted from the existing literature, but in their expression as logical propositions, and in their subsequent implementation in a prototype ES that performs interactively with the user. It is not unusual to find chemical processes with as many as 100 interacting streams, and even simple thermal processes, excluding refineries and chemical plants, contain at least a 10-streams-HEN: hence the high demand for an “automatic” (in some sense) Design Procedure that may conveniently be adapted to design-and-optimisation problems. Pinch Technology (“PT”), at present the almost universally adopted design procedure, is very successful in most types of applications (except in cases where mechanical and thermal power must be optimised concurrently), but it constitutes an operative tool, and does not improve its user’s comprehension of the problem: it assumes, rather, that the user is already familiar with the design of HEN. The approach we present in this paper is entirely different: we do not “mask” the thermodynamic and thermo-economic principles that guide the engineer in the path towards the “optimal” HEN configuration, and do not allow concerns about “user friendliness” to impair the necessary participation of the user to the HEN synthesis procedure. In fact, though our ES (which we prefer to call “Expert Assistant”, to underline its peculiarity of constantly interacting with the user) is still lacking many of the capabilities that a good designer possesses, the underlying procedure is, unlike any of the other existing Design-and-Optimisation Procedures, entirely inspectable by the user for what its decision-making rules are concerned. It can be interrogated about its decision making, so that the logical path followed from the design data to the final solution can be inspected at will, and it can be used to directly compare different alternatives in a logically systematic fashion. The paper begins with a brief review of the HEN design problem, followed by a critical discussion of the heuristic rules that form the basis for the Inference Engine of the Expert System. The formalisation of these rules into logical propositions suitable for Knowledge Based Methods is then presented, and the resulting macrocode developed. As a preliminary validation, two examples of application of the code (named Heat Exchanger Network Expert Assistant, HENEA for short) are presented and discussed: since both cases have published, and their “optimal” solutions are known, the performance of HENEA can be assessed by comparison.
2
McVea, William M., and Kamyar Haghighi. "KADS2: A Next Generation Knowledge Aided Design System." In ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/dac-4312.
Abstract:
Abstract Research has been conducted in the areas of design methodology, automation and use of knowledge based systems as a tool to improve the design efficiency, accuracy and consistency for mechanical power transmissions. The research capitalized on previous work related to component level design synthesis and analysis. The next logical step in the research progression was to look into system development and integration of design synthesis and analysis tools. Deliverables from this research include new knowledge acquisition techniques, a more complete model of design information flow and development and a knowledge based design assistant system, capable of integrating multiple discrete and disparate design tools.
3
Srivastava, Shashank, Amos Azaria, and Tom Mitchell. "Parsing Natural Language Conversations using Contextual Cues." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/571.
Abstract:
In this work, we focus on semantic parsing of natural language conversations. Most existing methods for semantic parsing are based on understanding the semantics of a single sentence at a time. However, understanding conversations also requires an understanding of conversational context and discourse structure across sentences. We formulate semantic parsing of conversations as a structured prediction task, incorporating structural features that model the `flow of discourse' across sequences of utterances. We create a dataset for semantic parsing of conversations, consisting of 113 real-life sequences of interactions of human users with an automated email assistant. The data contains 4759 natural language statements paired with annotated logical forms. Our approach yields significant gains in performance over traditional semantic parsing.
4
Liu, Qian, Robert de Simone, Xiaohong Chen, and Jing Liu. "Multiform Logical Time & Space for Specification of Automated Driving Assistance Systems: Work-in-Progress." In 2020 International Conference on Embedded Software (EMSOFT). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emsoft51651.2020.9244041.
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Liu, Qian, Robert de Simone, Xiaohong Chen, Jiexiang Kang, Jing Liu, Wei Yin, and Hui Wang. "Multiform Logical Time & Space for Mobile Cyber-Physical System With Automated Driving Assistance System." In 2020 27th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apsec51365.2020.00050.
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Castro, Elena, Dolores Cuadra, Paloma Martinez, and Ana Iglesias. "Integrating Intelligent Methodological and Tutoring Assistance in a CASE Platform: The PANDORA Experience." In 2002 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2458.
Abstract:
Database Design discipline involves so different aspects as conceptual and logical modelling knowledge or domain understanding. That implies a great effort to carry out the real world abstraction task and represent it through a data model. CASE tools emerge in order to automating the database development process. These platforms try to help to the database designer in different database design phases. Nevertheless, this tools are frequently mere diagrammers and do not carry completely out the design methodology that they are supposed to support; furthermore, they do not offer intelligent methodological advice to novice designers. This paper introduces the PANDORA tool (acronym of Platform for Database Development and Learning via Internet) that is being developed in a research project which tries to mitigate some of the deficiencies observed in several CASE tools, defining methods and techniques for database development which are useful for students and practitioners. Specifically, this work is focused on two PANDORA components: Conceptual Modelling and Learning Support subsystems.
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Wada, S. I., and T. Nakamura. "Automatic Fault Tracing Using an E-Beam Tester with Reference to a Good Sample." In ISTFA 1997. ASM International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa1997p0243.
Abstract:
Abstract Locating fault origins of defective logic LSls requires expensive equipment, such as electron beam testers and LSI testers. In order to maximize the utilization of such equipment in achieving high fault analysis throughput as well as to save manpower, the authors are developing an automatic fault tracing system which locates the fault origin overnight without human assistance through control of an electron beam tester and an LSI tester. The system traces backwards via the fault propagation path and locates the fault origin by comparing the behavior of a faulty LSI sample with that of a good LSI sample. Sample exchange in a vacuum chamber is achieved through a dual chip loading mechanism. After initial setting, fault location is accomplished without human assistance by fully automated operations, such as fine tuning SEM images of LSI surfaces, aligning points by robust pattern matching between SEM images and layout data, acquiring voltage contrast images with high contrasts and judging logical voltage levels from the images. A prototype version of this system successfully backtraced to the fault origin of an LSI with 20 k gates in 8 hours.
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Xu, Q. L., S. K. Ong, and A. Y. C. Nee. "Design Synthesis and Evaluation in a Design Reuse System." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79463.
Abstract:
This paper presents a design reuse approach to facilitate product conceptual design. While current design information management systems are useful in storing and retrieving product knowledge, providing effective assistance to intelligent design synthesis is still far from satisfactory, let alone the support to logical solution evaluation. Accordingly, this paper proposes an approach to automatically generate design solutions and evaluate them analytically according to multiple design objectives. To achieve these functions, a design synthesis method based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm is proposed. It makes use of existing product information to create multiple candidate solutions. Moreover, a component fitness assessment (CFA) method is proposed to evaluate the reusability of the design components. This CFA method is used in the selection of design components during the design synthesis. A design reuse system is developed to implement the methodology. It can effectively manage heterogeneous product information as well as provide computational support for design synthesis and evaluation.
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Yedidiah, S. "The Potential of Using CFD in Order to Design Better Centrifugal Pumps." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66141.
Abstract:
Recent advances in CFD made it capable of producing fairly realistic predictions of the flow-patterns within the passages of centrifugal pumps. This raises the possibility that CFD might also be capable of assisting the pump engineer to come up with better designs. Success, however, is still very elusive. This paper discusses the reason for that state of affairs, and how to cope with it. As such, this paper can be regarded as a supplement to the discussions presented in References [1] and [2]. It has been demonstrated in Refs. [1] and [2], that the main cause for that lack of success is due to the present explosion of information. It prevents the CFD specialist from acquiring the necessary in-depth knowledge of the practical aspects of a problem, which a pump engineer has to solve. At the same time, this explosion of information makes it impossible for the pump specialist to become adequately familiar with the potentials and with the limitations of CFD. It has been demonstrated in Ref.[2] that certain problems related to centrifugal pumps can be solved easier, faster and more successfully with the aid of more conventional logical tools, than with the aid of CFD. This paper will discuss, among others, problems, which only CFD might be capable to solve.
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Menzel, Thaddäus, and Thiago de Borba. "Methodology for Automated Definition of Critical Scenarios." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2020-acm-073.
Abstract:
The field of automated driving has been the focus of research in both, academia and industry in the recent decades. Thanks to the advancements in sensor technology currently used for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), automatization of several parts of the driving task was enabled. However, the introduction of new technologies into the market requires a testing phase. Different test methods can be applied to assess the automated driving functions and their features. Nevertheless, the systematic test of functions for driver assistance systems requires the identification and analysis of a huge number of traffic scenarios. Since most traffic scenarios are not challenging, an approach that automatically generates critical driving scenarios can reduce the testing efforts and costs. This paper presents a methodology for automated definition of critical scenarios, which is composed of seven steps: define a critical maneuver, define the logical scenario, model the critical maneuver using a mathematical description, define the assessment criteria, obtain the concrete scenarios, specify a performance improvement method, and obtain the boundary scenarios. Firstly, Independent if the validation/homologation is based on a virtual or a field test, the tests should be focused on the most critical situations, since the test phase is costly. The selection of critical scenarios, based on critical maneuvers, is an important phase to develop testing methods. Thus, the critical maneuver selected was the lane change maneuver. The logical scenario defined describes the event where Ego drives in highway, presenting certain speed and acceleration, and due to a traffic jam, the front vehicle and the rear vehicle, on the adjacent lane, are stationary and there is a considerable distance between Ego and the rear vehicle. After, the mathematical modelling of the lane change maneuver was performed. Composed of three parts, the trajectory planning, which is responsible to generate the desired trajectory that ensure a safe lane change maneuver based on different driver style, the second is the vehicle model, which describes the longitudinal and lateral motion of the Ego vehicle, and the last is the driver model, which is responsible to drive Ego vehicle along to the planned trajectory. The assessment criteria was based on the safety distances and on the maximum lateral acceleration performed during the maneuver. The concrete scenarios were generated by variating three parameters, in this case, relative velocity between Ego and the front vehicle, the distance between Ego and the front vehicle, and alpha, the coefficient that affects the lane change time. Then, the performance improvement approach was applied, using the k-Nearest Neighbor Classifier, to reduce the computational elapsed time. After completing the first six steps, the concrete scenarios have been classified as critical and non-critical. Lastly, through the analysis of each neighbor point, it was possible to reduce the result space, to a few number of scenarios that can be easily manipulated, the boundary scenarios. Thus, the proposed methodology shown to be an efficient method for the definition of critical scenarios, since thousands of scenarios could be generated and classified in a matter of seconds.
Reports on the topic "Assistant logiciel":
1
Reproductive decisionmaking in the context of HIV/AIDS in Ndola, Zambia. Population Council, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1999.1018.
Abstract:
Family planning (FP) programs are increasingly being considered as a logical focal point for STD and HIV/AIDS prevention services because they serve large numbers of women at risk, address the sensitive issue of sexual behavior and fertility control, and the methods for preventing unwanted pregnancy and disease can be the same. FP programs, by providing contraceptive methods, are currently one of the few sources of assistance in the sub-Saharan African region for preventing perinatal transmission of HIV, while the promotion of barrier methods contributes to the prevention of heterosexual transmission. Given this potential, research is needed to understand how the HIV epidemic influences reproductive decision-making. The Africa OR/TA II Project undertook an exploratory study of women and men’s attitudes and experiences regarding reproductive decision-making in a setting of high HIV prevalence in Ndola, Zambia. The objectives, as described in this report, were to examine perceptions of risk by men and women living in a high HIV prevalence setting, how these perceptions are related to decisions about childbearing and contraceptive use, and to identify opportunities for FP programs to expand services to address HIV prevention.