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Journal articles on the topic 'Average wages'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

WILES., P. "AVERAGE WAGES IN U.S.S.R." Bulletin of the Oxford University Institute of Economics & Statistics 15, no. 9 (2009): 327–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.1953.mp15009003.x.

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2

Hirasawa, Katsuhiko, and Wenjing Shi. "The Structure of Wage and Salary Administration in Japan." NCC Journal 8, no. 1 (2023): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nccj.v8i1.63740.

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The purpose of this paper is to reveal the basic structure of wage administration in Japan. Total wages are the subject of labor-management negotiations in Japan. The base wage (average rate) serves as a basis for negotiations. This means that wage negotiations in Japan are conducted between labor and management within the framework of administration. Negotiations over average wages were proposed by the government immediately after the defeat in the war to stabilize prices. Originally, labor unions demanded minimum wages by age group. However, the method of negotiation over average wages has b

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3

Nguyen, Phuong Van, Hien Huynh Thi Ngoc, Hoa Doan Xuan Trieu, Khoa Tien Tran, and Dung Hanh Phuong Nguyen. "The Effect of Horizontal Spillovers from FDI on Average Wages: Evidence from Vietnamese Enterprises." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 23, no. 02 (2020): 2050010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091520500101.

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This study aims to find fresh evidences of the effects of horizontal spillover, trade orientation, and firm characteristics on real wages moderated by five categories of ownership. Based on an exploration of 2007–2015 Vietnamese firm-level data collected by the General Statistics Office of Vietnam, the findings reveal significantly positive effects of horizontal spillover and export orientation on average wages. In contrast, import orientation negatively affects wages. The results are supported by the literature of labor market competition and productivity improvement. Importantly, the effect

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4

Aarstad, Jarle, and Olav A. Kvitastein. "Do Operating Profits Induce a Wage Premium Equally Shared among Employees Earning High or Low Incomes?" Economies 9, no. 2 (2021): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies9020081.

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Panel data show that between 2001 and 2014 Norwegian industries’ increasing aggregated operating profits per employee increased average wages and wage inequality. The data imply that increasing profits, perhaps unsurprisingly, induce a wage premium. The data further imply that employees earning high incomes at the outset had the highest wage increase percentage-wise. Decreasing operating profits per employee had opposite but less robust effects on average wages and wage inequality. Panel data Granger causality tests finally showed that average wages, but not wage inequality, reversely and posi

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Oblath, Gábor, and András Simonovits. "Statistical overstatement of average wages and its impact on pensions: The case of Hungary." Acta Oeconomica 74, no. 4 (2024): 445–61. https://doi.org/10.1556/032.2024.00021.

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AbstractIn Hungary, initial pensions are indexed to average net wages, reported by official earnings statistics (ES). However, there is an alternative statistical source on labour income, the national accounts (NA). The latter indicate a markedly lower rate of growth in wages than the ES for the period between 2010 and 2020. We claim that the ES overstated the actual increase in wages at the national level during the 2010s, and make our own calculations regarding the path of net wages and implied (hypothetical) initial pensions. The main implications are as follows: (i) the actual increase in

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6

Dwijanarko, Bambang, Fonny Rianawati, and Asysyifa Asysyifa. "ANALISA BIAYA PEMBUKAAN LAHAN TANPA BAKAR DI DESA TELAGA LANGSAT KECAMATAN TAKISUNG KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT." Jurnal Sylva Scienteae 3, no. 3 (2020): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jss.v3i3.2177.

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This study aims to find out what PLTB methods are carried out by the community, know the wage system, know the costs, know the most efficient method. The benefits of the research can provide information about methods, costs, wage systems and efficient PLTB methods so that it can be applied to the people of Telaga Langsat Village, Takisung District, Tanah Laut Regency. The basic method of this study uses descriptive methods, conducting direct interviews with the community regarding the cost components needed in land clearing without burning.The results of the research on PLTB activities are the

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7

Baeza, Alejandro Valle. "National Differences in Average Wages." International Journal of Political Economy 27, no. 4 (1997): 62–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08911916.1997.11643956.

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8

Yelisyeyeva, Oksana, NATALIIA Kutova, and IRYNA Stolietova. "ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF WAGE TRENDS IN UKRAINE." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University 292, no. 2 (2021): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2021-292-2-14.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of wages as an economic category, as the main factor in the functioning of the labor market, an assessment of multiple indicators is carried out such as: annual average wage size dynamics and changes in the standard of the population living, taking into account inflationary processes. The index of real wages and the level of purchasing power of the population are analyzed. The assessment of the average monthly salary in the regions of Ukraine showed that in regions with a high average salary, it exceeds the new approved minimum only 1.8 times. The excepti

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Lynn, Michael. "The Effects of Minimum Wages on Tipping: A State-Level Analysis." Compensation & Benefits Review 52, no. 3 (2020): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886368720908959.

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Analyses of state differences in minimum wages and tip percentages found that (1) states with higher regular minimum wages have lower average tip percentages in coffee shops and higher average tip percentages in restaurants (after controlling for tipped minimum wages and cost-of-living) and (2) states with higher tipped minimum wages have lower average tip percentages in restaurants and higher average tip percentages in coffee shops (after controlling for regular minimum wages and cost of living). Although the data are only correlational and do not prove causality, these findings support the i

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10

Kwiatkowska, Walentyna. "Macroeconomic Conditions Determining the Level and the Rate of Changes of Wages and Salaries in Poland in 2007-2012." Olsztyn Economic Journal 8, no. 4 (2013): 297–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/oej.3239.

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This study characterized and evaluated the level and rate of change in wages and salaries in Poland in 2007-2012 and analysed the main macroeconomic determinants of their development. The analysis present changes to average wage, minimal wage and fair wage. Their level and rate of change are determined by macroeconomic factors, particularly economic growth processes, changes in productivity of labour, inflation rate and the situation on the labour market. A quite strong correlation can be observed between the rate of changes of the real GDP and the development of average nominal wages. Inflati

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Radović-Stojanović, Jelena, Jovana Đerić, and Ratko Ljubojević. "Nominal and real wages in the Republic of Serbia 2001-2020." Ekonomika 68, no. 3 (2022): 71–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekonomika2203071r.

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The aim of this paper is to present, decompose and analyze time series of average gross and net nominal and real wages in the Republic of Serbia. The paper presents monthly time series of wages for the period from January 2001 to December 2020. Time time series of wages are seasonally adjusted using the software JDemetra +, ver. 2.1.0 and the X13-ARIMA program. Real gross and net wages were obtained by dividing the series of nominal average gross and net wages by the retail price index (until January 2009) and then by the consumer price index (since January 2009). It has been noticed that ther

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Purba, Dearni Christina, Purwaka Hari Prihanto, and Siti Aminah. "Pengaruh tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja, indeks harga konsumen, produk domestik regional bruto terhadap upah rata-rata Pulau Sumatera." e-Jurnal Ekonomi Sumberdaya dan Lingkungan 9, no. 3 (2020): 158–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/jels.v9i3.11958.

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This study ains to analyze the Development of Labor Force Participation Rate, Consumer Price Index and Gross Regional Domestic Product and Average Wages in Sumatera and analyze the influence of the Development of Labor Force Participation Rate, Consumer Price Index, and Gross Regional Domestic Product on Average Wages in Sumatera. The data used in this study are secondary data sourced from the Central Statistics Indonesia office. For data analysis using panel data analysis. The average wage is a Bound variable that is influenced by three independent variables, namely the Labor Force Participat

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Wibowo, Gentur Wahyu Nyipto, and Kraugusteeliana Kraugusteeliana. "Exploratory Data Analysis: Visualization of Average Wages of Workers in Indonesia by Region of Residence using Google Data Studio." TECHNOVATE: Journal of Information Technology and Strategic Innovation Management 1, no. 3 (2024): 110–16. https://doi.org/10.52432/technovate.1.3.2024.10-116.

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This study analyzes the average hourly wage of workers in Indonesia by region of residence, using data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) for the period 2018-2022. The data is divided into three categories: rural, urban, and combined urban and rural. The analysis was conducted using Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) method and data visualization using Google Data Studio. The results of the analysis show that there is significant variation between wages in urban and rural areas. In rural areas, the highest average wage was recorded in 2020 at IDR 14,242, and the lowest in 2018 at IDR 11,

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14

Kisielińska, Joanna. "Dochody z gospodarstwa rolnego a wynagrodzenia z pracy najemnej w krajach UE." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 18(33), no. 2 (2018): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2018.18.2.40.

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The aim of the research presented in the article was to compare the income from commercial farms with national averages for wages in EU countries. Average income in farms and national averages by economic classes (KS6 classification) were compared. In 12 EU countries, the average income from farms was higher than national wage averages, and in 15 countries it was lower. An increase in average agricultural income is usually a result of a general increase in the economic class. The economically strongest farms, with incomes that are higher than national average wages, are those that are owned fi

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15

Migranova, Lyudmila. "Wages in Russia in 2015-2021." Population 24, no. 3 (2021): 175–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2021.24.3.14.

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The article presents analysis of the wage dynamics in the Russian Federation in 2015-2020 and the first half of 2021. In 2018 Russia changed the methodology for calculating separate items in the Balance sheet of the population monetary income and expenses. This concerned, among other things, the item of payment for work, from which hidden (officially unaccounted for) wages and other cash receipts were excluded, and payroll fund of employees in organizations was singled out. Besides, Rosstat developed methods for estimating average wages of all employees (working in organizations, for individua

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Tabata, Minoru, and Nobuoki Eshima. "The Existence and Uniqueness of Global Solutions to the Initial Value Problem for the System of Nonlinear Integropartial Differential Equations in Spatial Economics: The Dynamic Continuous Dixit-Stiglitz-Krugman Model in an Urban-Rural Setting." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/760136.

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Assume that economic activities are conducted in a bounded continuous domain where workers move toward regions that offer higher real wages and away from regions that offer below-average real wages. The density of real wages is calculated by solving the nominal wage equation of the continuous Dixit-Stiglitz-Krugman model in an urban-rural setting. The evolution of the density of workers is described by an unknown function of the replicator equation whose growth rate is equal to the difference between the density of real wages and the average real wage. Hence, the evolution of the densities of

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17

Nattrass, Nicoli, and Jeremy Seekings. "Trajectories of development and the global clothing industry." Competition & Change 22, no. 3 (2018): 274–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024529418768608.

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Clothing production increasingly occurs in global value chains. Industrial policies typically recommend ‘upgrading’ (increasing labour productivity by becoming more skill- and capital-intensive and producing higher valued products) yet firms can and do move up and down the value chain when profitable opportunities arise. This paper uses United Nations Industrial Development Organisation data on remuneration, output and employment to identify recent national development trajectories for the clothing industry. Upgrading trajectories can be pro-labour (have a rising wage share of value added) or

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18

Allen, Robert C. "Technical change, globalization, and the labour market: British and American experience since 1620." Oxford Open Economics 3, Supplement_1 (2024): i178—i211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ooec/odad033.

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Abstract The history of the last four centuries in the UK and USA divides into four phases. Output per worker grew in all of them. Real wages grew on average from 1620 to 1770 and from 1840 to the 1970s. During the Industrial Revolution (1770–1840) and the post-1970 Service Revolution, however, the average real wage was flat and wage inequality increased. Rising real wages in both countries have led to labour-saving technical change. Technical change, structural shifts, and globalization have also led to stagnant wages and increased inequality. British performance has been particularly poor si

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19

Juhn, Chinhui. "Labor Market Dropouts and Trends in the Wages of Black and White Men." ILR Review 56, no. 4 (2003): 643–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979390305600406.

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There is continuing debate over whether and to what degree estimations of black-white wage convergence are biased because they leave labor market dropouts out of the picture. If a high proportion of blacks become discouraged and cease searching for jobs, and if those dropouts have, on average, poor job prospects, the average wage of black workers who remain in the labor market will be an upwardly biased estimate of the average wage across the population. This paper introduces a simple method of imputing wages to non-workers. When non-workers are accounted for in the calculations, real wage gro

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20

Alakbarov, E. E., and A. G. Suleymanova. "The interconnection between labour productivity and real wages in Azerbaijan." Science, technologies, innovation, no. 3(19) (2021): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35668/2520-6524-2021-3-04.

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The presented article analyses the interconnection between real wages and labor productivity in Azerbaijan in 19 types of economic activity, as well as in the sub-sectors of the manufacturing in the period of 2010–2019. In general, the average annual growth rate of labor productivity in the economy, including mining, construction, professional scientific and technical activities, and entertainment and recreation activities (2010–2019) was negative. The average growth rate of real wages was negative in the construction and activities of administrative and support services. Simultaneously, the a

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Alakbarov, E. E., and A. G. Suleymanova. "The interconnection between labour productivity and real wages in Azerbaijan." Science, technologies, innovation, no. 3(19) (2021): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35668/2520-6524-2021-3-04.

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The presented article analyses the interconnection between real wages and labor productivity in Azerbaijan in 19 types of economic activity, as well as in the sub-sectors of the manufacturing in the period of 2010–2019. In general, the average annual growth rate of labor productivity in the economy, including mining, construction, professional scientific and technical activities, and entertainment and recreation activities (2010–2019) was negative. The average growth rate of real wages was negative in the construction and activities of administrative and support services. Simultaneously, the a

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22

Mitroshin, Igor. "CALCULATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGE IN FRANCE, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE." Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Economics and Management" 17, no. 1 (2023): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/em230108.

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The analysis of indicators of the standard of living is an important component of determining the social situation and economic development in the country or in a separate region. The average wage is a significant indicator of the quality of life of the population. The information provided by state statistics au-thorities does not always reveal the true state of affairs and does not give a complete picture of individual aspects of human life. Such problems exist in many countries of the world, and France is no exception. The purpose of the study is to determine and further analyze the average

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23

Kehrig, Matthias, and Nicolas L. Ziebarth. "The Effects of the Real Oil Price on Regional Wage Dispersion." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 9, no. 2 (2017): 115–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.20150097.

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We find that oil supply shocks decrease average real wages, particularly skilled wages, and increase wage dispersion across regions, particularly unskilled wage dispersion. In a model with spatial energy intensity differences and nontradables, labor demand shifts, while explaining the response of average wages to oil supply shocks, have counterfactual implications for the response of wage dispersion. Only an additional response in labor supply can explain this latter fact, highlighting the importance of general equilibrium effects in a spatial context. We provide additional empirical evidence

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Zhminko, A. E., E. V. Vakulenko, and E. S. Sergeeva. "Econometric analysis of the impact of socio-economic factors on the wages of the population in Russia." Bulletin of the Academy 1, no. 68 (2022): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/v.a.2022.03.01.010.

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Relevance. Any activity is carried out with a specific purpose, which every organization strives for. Thus, for the majority of the Russian population, wages are the main source of successful economic development of the country. Wages as an economic category is an element of an employee’s income, a form of economic realization of the right of ownership of a resource belonging to him – labor. Purpose of the study. The main objective of the study was to assess the impact of socio-economic factors on the level of wages of workers in Russia. In this article, the factors included the consumer price

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j, j. "Productivity Effect of Efficiency Wages at Small and Medium-Sized Manufacturing Enterprises: the Case of Vietnam." GLOBAL BUSINESS FINANCE REVIEW 28, no. 6 (2023): 130–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17549/gbfr.2023.28.6.130.

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Purpose: This paper aims to investigate whether efficiency wages for production workers have a positive effect on labor productivity in Vietnam's manufacturing SMEs. Design/methodology/approach: The research analyzes the panel data of manufacturing SMEs collected by UNU-Wider in Vietnam in 2011, 2013, and 2015. Findings: The panel-data analysis results for 6,953 observations show that efficiency wages increase labor productivity. Research limitations/implications: The scope of this study is limited to Vietnam's manufacturing SMEs. Future studies should include replicating the

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Giri, Animesh. "From Refuge to Riches? An Analysis of Refugees’ Wage Assimilation in the United States1." International Migration Review 52, no. 1 (2018): 125–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imre.12285.

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Given that refugees may be fleeing from political, social, racial, ethnic, or religious persecution, they are not expected to be economically independent upon arrival to the United States. Considerable state and federal resources are specifically aimed at the economic assimilation of refugees in the United States. In this article, I examine the extent to which average refugee wages have assimilated toward those of their native counterparts in the United States. Among synthetic cohorts from 1990 to 2000, most recent young refugees increase average refugee wages by approximately 17 percent withi

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Prokopyev, Egor A. "The Average Wage in the North-West Federal District: An Assessment of Territorial Disparities on a Settlement Level." REGIONOLOGY 31, no. 2 (2023): 335–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2413-1407.123.031.202302.335-356.

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Introduction. Effective management of regional socioeconomic development processes is not possible without an objective understanding of impact on the economy exerted by internal territorial disparities. The lack of open data in the official statistics concerning settlements and displaying such a basic indicator as an average wage does not contribute to the task also. For the first time, the suggested solution of the following problem is to use an alternative source of data ‒ Russian form of personal income tax (5-NDFL) tax reports. The goal of the article is to determine territorial dispariti

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Mikołajczyk, Jarosław, and Wojciech Sroka. "WAGES OF HIRED LABOR IN FARMS OF POLISH FADN ACCORDING TO THE ECONOMIC SIZE IN THE YEARS 2010-2016." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XX, no. 2 (2018): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.8128.

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The aim of this paper was an assessment of the size of potential wages of hired labor in commodity farms according to the economic size. The source of numerical data were results from farms of Polish FADN and the data from GUS. The given results show the marginal involvement of external labor force in farms which are economically very small, small and average small. What is more, the potential wages in these units were also kept at a low level. Over the years these wages were lower than the minimum wages in national economy, and moreover relations of potential wages in economically small farms

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Ohlert, Clemens. "Gesetzlicher Mindestlohn: Auswirkungen auf Frauen und Männer." Wirtschaftsdienst 104, no. 2 (2024): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/wd-2024-0035.

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Abstract Since its introduction, minimum wage has led to greater increases in average hourly wages and monthly earnings for women than for men. The effects of minimum wage on the hourly wages of women and men affected by the minimum wage have been similar on average. However, women are more frequently employed in the minimum wage sector than men and therefore benefit from it more often. Reductions in working hours due to the introduction of minimum wage were lower for women than for men in the short term. Minimum wage did not have a significant effect on employment for women or men and therefo

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А.М., Хахладжиян. "О дифференциации заработной платы в отраслях химической промышленности". Концепции, № 1(43) (10 жовтня 2024): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.34705/ko.2024.56.87.008.

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В работе представлен анализ динамики среднемесячной заработной платы в обрабатывающих производствах и в отраслях химической промышленности за 2017–2023 годы. Отмечается положительная динамика увеличения номинальной заработной платы, наиболее значительный рост наблюдался в производстве химических веществ и химических продуктов. Рассчитано соотношение среднемесячной номинальной заработной платы в экономике, а также в обрабатывающих производствах и зарплаты по видам производств химической промышленности. Показано, что уровень заработной платы в производстве химических веществ и химической продукц

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Baldynova, Evgeniia, and Svetlana Malyutina. "Comparative Analysis of Average Monthly Real Pay of Corporate Employees in Irkutsk Oblast in Terms of Types of Economic Activity." Известия Байкальского государственного университета 28, no. 3 (2018): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2018.28(3).409-418.

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The rate of salary and remuneration as monetary compensation for labour depends on many factors that can be combined into the following groups: territorial, organizational and legal, gender, professional and educational, etc. The article examines the dependence of the average monthly real wage on the type of economic activity. In addition, the authors study the dynamics and degree of variation of the average monthly real wages in terms of types of economic activity in Irkutsk Oblast. Having analyzed the real average monthly wages by types of economic activity, the authors categorized them into

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Kimathi, Mark Murithi, and Edwin Jairus Simiyu. "Determinants of Negotiated Wages in the Kenyan Banking Industry." African Journal of Empirical Research 4, no. 2 (2023): 590–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.4.2.61.

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Over time, wages in the Kenyan banking sector have increased, but not at a rate that has kept up with inflation. This has had a negative effect in that the employees in the banking sector were unable to maintain the standards they were used to. In the banking industry, the average yearly wage per employee climbed from Kes 10,424 in 1968 to Kes 2,082,067 in 2021. The period from 1972 to 1994 saw the greatest loss in the buying power of earnings for banking personnel. From highs of Kes 2,629,534 in 1972 to lows of Kes 726,178 in 1994, the real average wage per employee per year fell. Between 199

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Sirait, Anzas Fernando, Yulmardi Yulmardi, and Adi Bhakti. "Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengangguran terbuka di Provinsi Jambi." e-Jurnal Perspektif Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Daerah 7, no. 3 (2018): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/pdpd.v7i3.5512.

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This study aims to analyze: 1) the development of open unemployment, investment, wages, economic growth and inflation in Jambi Province; (2) the effect of investment, wages, economic growth and inflation on open unemployment in Jambi Province. The data used are secondary data for the period 2000 - 2016 sourced from BPS Jambi Province. Data were analyzed descriptively as well as multiple regression models. The results of the study found: 1) The average level of open unemployment in Jambi Province during 2000-2016 was 5.44 percent per year. On the other hand, in the same period, domestic investm

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Cuecuecha, Alfredo, Norma Fuentes-Mayorga, and Darryl McLeod. "Do minimum wages help explain declining Mexico-U.S. migration?" Migraciones internacionales 12 (December 15, 2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2326.

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This paper finds that minimumwagesof the United States and Mexicomeasured carefully in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) help explain the well-documented post-2010 fall in Mexico-U.S.migration. Declining inequality also plays a role since the purchasing power of the minimum wage increased relative to the average wage in Mexico. Using time-series data,we find two positive partial correlations between minimum wages and net migration: one driven by wage differentials between the two countries and the other by wage inequality in Mexico. However, these results are found to be mediated through migrantso

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Tleuberdinova, Aizhan, Nailya Nurlanova, Gulnara Andreyeva, and Farida Alzhanova. "Regional and sectoral wage disparities as a reflection of inequality: The case of Kazakhstan." Problems and Perspectives in Management 22, no. 4 (2024): 444–59. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.22(4).2024.33.

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In today’s world, many countries, including Kazakhstan, are facing growing income inequality, poverty, and an increasing polarization of society. These challenges threaten social stability and make it difficult to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. The purpose of this study is to investigate the size and trends of regional and sectoral wage disparities in Kazakhstan, as well as to create a typology based on the average wage levels in different regions and to provide recommendations for reducing income inequality. The study tested hypotheses about the relationship between the average no

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Machin, Stephen, and Alan Manning. "The Effects of Minimum Wages on Wage Dispersion and Employment: Evidence from the U.K. Wages Councils." ILR Review 47, no. 2 (1994): 319–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979399404700210.

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Using data on Wages Council coverage from the United Kingdom New Earnings Survey, the authors examine the impact of mandated minimum wages on wage dispersion and employment in the United Kingdom in the 1980s. They find evidence that a dramatic decline in the toughness of the regulation imposed by the Wages Councils through the 1980s—a decline, that is, in the level of the minimum wage relative to the average wage—significantly contributed to widening wage dispersion over those years. There is, however, no evidence of an increase in employment resulting from the weakening bite of the Wages Coun

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Pernica, Martin. "Evaluation of the adequacy of government minimum wage valorization policy in the Czech Republic in 2017 in the European context." Oeconomia Copernicana 8, no. 1 (2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/oc.v8i1.2.

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Research background: The government of the Czech Republic has agreed to an increase in the minimum monthly wage as of the beginning of 2017 to 11,000 CZK, which represents a year-over-year increase of over 11 %. The government is thus fulfilling its objective set out in February 2014 and stipulated in the Government Statement of Purpose, i.e. to approximate the minimum wage to 40 % of average wages. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to assess the adequacy of the Government Minimum Wage Valorization Policy, in particular from two points of view. Firstly, in view of sel

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Seltzer, Andrew J., and Jeff Borland. "The Impact of the 1896 Factory and Shops Act on the Labor Market of Victoria, Australia." Journal of Economic History 78, no. 3 (2018): 785–821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050718000359.

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This article examines the effects of the Victorian Factory and Shops Act, the first minimum wage law in Australia. The Act differed from modern minimum wage laws in that it established Special Boards, which set trade-specific minimum wage schedules. We use trade-level data on average wages and employment by gender and age to examine the effects of minimum wages. Although the minimum wages were binding, we find that the effects on employment were modest, at best. We speculate that this was because the Special Boards, which were comprised of industry insiders, closely matched the labor market fo

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Plaskon, Svitlana, Halina Seniv, Ruslana Ruska, and Ivan Novosad. "MATHEMATICAL AND STATISTICAL ASPECTS OF ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF UKRAINE’S WAGE INDICATORS." Economic Analysis, no. 31(2) (2021): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2021.02.055.

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Introduction. The article examines the trends in the levels of average wages, minimum wages and subsistence minimum, which are extremely important for the analysis of wealth and well-being of the population of Ukraine. The time trends of these indicators are constructed and the regularities of their change during 1996-2020 are established. The Keitz index is calculated and investigated. The dependences of the average wage, the minimum wage and the subsistence level on the gross domestic product are analyzed and established. The values of the values of the mutual correlation function are invest

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Bukit, Andi Nova, Boy Laksamana, and Leony Ginting. "Pengupahan: Kajian Hukum dan Ekonomi (Studi Kasus Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat)." JOURNAL ECONOMICS AND STRATEGY 5, no. 2 (2025): 96–102. https://doi.org/10.36490/jes.v5i2.1552.

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Because wages are something that has an economic and psychological nature, wages must be determined in such a way and involve studies that are explored legally and economically. Wages involve the rights of workers and the obligations of entrepreneurs. Both have their own interests and assessments regarding wages. The presence of the government is to determine standards that do not harm both of them or that are bound by work agreements. Article 1 Paragraph 1 Law no. 36 of 2021 concerning Wages is the basic law used to review how wages will be applied in Pakpak Bharat Regency. The Minimum Wage i

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Díaz-Vázquez, Pilar, and Dennis J. Snower. "Can Insider Power Affect Employment?" German Economic Review 4, no. 2 (2003): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0475.00076.

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Abstract Do firms reduce employment when their insiders (established, incumbent employees) claim higher wages? The conventional answer in the theoretical literature is that insider power has no influence on employment, provided that the newly hired employees (entrants) receive their reservation wages. The reason given is that an increase in insider wages gives rise to a countervailing fall in reservation wages, leaving the present value of wage costs unchanged. Our analysis contradicts this conventional answer. We show that, in the context of a stochastic model of the labor market, an increase

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Ilin, Elias, and Ellyn Terry. "Estimating Occupation and Location Specific Wages over the Life Cycle." Business and Economic Research 12, no. 2 (2022): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ber.v12i2.19731.

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In this paper we develop a novel method to project location specific life cycle wages for all occupations listed in the Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook. Our method builds on the commonly used Mincer equation and improves it by providing a more nuanced relationship between years of experience and wages while also incorporating occupation and location specific factors. Our method consists of two steps. In the first step, we use individual level data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) to estimate the average number of years of experience associated with each percent

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Daly, Mary C., and Bart Hobijn. "Composition and Aggregate Real Wage Growth." American Economic Review 107, no. 5 (2017): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20171075.

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Aggregate real wages exhibit less procyclicality than most macroeconomic models predict. We use 35 years of Current Population Survey data to confirm that the puzzling behavior of wages largely owes to changes in the composition of the employed over the business cycle. This composition effect relates to changes in both the number and the relative wage levels of those entering and exiting. The changing gap in wages of entrants and exiters is especially important for the unemployed. A large part of this wage gap is due to differences in average Mincer residuals between entrants and exiters.

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Kuchenkova, A. V. "Employment precarization as a factor of wages differentiation and social wellbeing." RUDN Journal of Sociology 21, no. 1 (2021): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2021-21-1-84-96.

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Employment conditions (form of labor relations, social security, (un)stability of wages, informal payments, etc.) are a key factor of the social-economic differentiation in the contemporary Russian society, which determines the need to clarify the relationship between the workers position in the labor market and ones earnings. There are many empirical assessments of wage losses for various types of non-standard employment (informal, temporary, part-time, casual, etc.); however, each type is just one manifestation of precarization (as non-guaranteed and unstable employment), which does not pres

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Utami, Yeski Putri, Mudiana Permata Sari, and Jarot Marsono. "Implementation Of Wage Unit Results In Meeting The Decent Living Needs (KHL) Of Batik Workers." Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies 4, no. 4 (2024): 2012–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v4i4.1202.

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Wage based on unit of output is a wage paid based on the production or quantity of goods produced by the worker, in this research, the amount of batik produced by the batik maker. This study aims to determine the implementation of piece-rate wages for batik workers, Pekalongan (Batang) area in Central Java and Cirebon, West Java to see the welfare of batik workers. This research uses qualitative methods with data collection instruments in the form of interviews and field observations. The magnitude of the poverty line and the average monthly per capita expenditure of the community at the provi

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Aarstad, Jarle, and Olav Andreas Kvitastein. "What Predicts Long-Term Absenteeism, and Who Disappears from the Workforce When Enterprises Downsize?" Economies 12, no. 1 (2024): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies12010013.

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This paper primarily studies how wages predict long-term absenteeism in enterprises. In addition, it studies who disappears from the workforce when downsizing. Analyzing Norwegian enterprise data using dynamic unconditional quasi-maximum likelihood fixed-effects panel regression and general methods of moments panel regression with instrumental variables, we find that increasing average wages decreases average long-term absenteeism. As the effect barely abates the following year, it likely reflects highly skilled and motivated employees in good health receiving a wage premium and not a stimulus

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Hutapea, Roma Yuli Felina, Yaser Krisnafi, Rio Ari Simarmata, Djunaidi Djunaidi, Suci Asrina Ikhsan, and Ratu Sari Mardiah. "Identification of wage distribution and wage gaps for purse seine crew members." Depik 13, no. 2 (2024): 212–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/depik.13.2.33258.

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Even though the government has established regulations regarding wages, the reality is that the wages received by crew members of fishing vessels are still not in accordance with regulations. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the distribution of wages on purse seine vessels and to find out the gap between the wages received by crew. To achieve this goal, this study uses catch data for three fishing trips from March to May 2022, as well as crew wages from selling catches on the purse seine vessel PT Hasil Laut Sejati. The secondary data used is the productivity of the annual c

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Boockmann, Bernhard, Raimund Krumm, Pia Rattenhuber, and Michael Neumann. "Turning the Switch: An Evaluation of the Minimum Wage in the German Electrical Trade Using Repeated Natural Experiments." German Economic Review 14, no. 3 (2013): 316–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geer.12016.

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Abstract The introduction, abolition and subsequent re-introduction of the minimum wage in the German electrical trade gave rise to series of natural experiments, which are used to study minimum wage effects. We find similar impacts in all three cases on wages, employment and the receipt of public welfare benefits. Average wages are raised by the minimum wage in East Germany, but there is almost no evidence for employment effects. The results also show that the wage effect is quickly undone after the abolition of the minimum wage.

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Zou, Tao, Yue Zhang, and Bo Zhou. "Does GPA matter for university graduates’ wages? New evidence revisited." PLOS ONE 17, no. 4 (2022): e0266981. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266981.

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This paper examines the effect of GPA on graduating students’ wages using a data set from an elite university in China. Students are homogenous since their majors are closely related to economics and business The OLS regression results indicate that GPA has positive and significant impacts on wages on average. As GPA increases by 1 unit, the starting monthly wage increases by 29.6 percent on average, and the wage in the survey year that is 3–5 years after graduation (current wage) soars by 25 percent. Theoretically, the GPA matters for the wages due to both the human capital or signaling effec

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Kabanov, Vadim. "Wage growth in Russia: opportunities and consequences." Economic Annals-ХХI 191, no. 7-8(1) (2021): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21003/ea.v191-04.

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The paper assesses the potential for increasing the minimum wage and the average wage in the Russian economy, the wages paid to employees, the profit of enterprises and the capital investments of enterprises. Based on the study of the research results published in periodicals, the socio-economic consequences of increasing the minimum wage and increasing the average salary of employees in the state and non-state sectors of the economy are systematized. When comparing the wages and profits of employees, it is possible to measure the potential for wage growth. The author attributes this dimension

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