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Journal articles on the topic 'Bacterial Humans Infusions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Felton, T. W., J. Goodwin, L. O'Connor, et al. "Impact of Bolus Dosing versus Continuous Infusion of Piperacillin and Tazobactam on the Development of Antimicrobial Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, no. 12 (2013): 5811–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00867-13.

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ABSTRACTManagement of nosocomial pneumonia is frequently complicated by bacterial resistance. Extended infusions of beta-lactams are increasingly being used to improve clinical outcomes. However, the impact of this strategy on the emergence of antimicrobial resistance is not known. A hollow-fiber infection model withPseudomonas aeruginosa(PAO1) was used. Pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of piperacillin-tazobactam similar to those in humans were simulated over 5 days. Three dosages of piperacillin-tazobactam were administered over 0.5 h or 4 h, with redosing every 8 h. Two initial bacterial densit

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Woodnutt, Gary, and Valerie Berry. "Two Pharmacodynamic Models for Assessing the Efficacy of Amoxicillin-Clavulanate against Experimental Respiratory Tract Infections Caused by Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 43, no. 1 (1999): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.43.1.29.

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ABSTRACT Two models of respiratory tract infection were used to investigate the pharmacodynamics of amoxicillin-clavulanate againstStreptococcus pneumoniae. Eight strains of S. pneumoniae were used in a mouse model in which the animals were infected intranasally and were then treated with a range of doses and dose intervals. The time that the plasma amoxicillin concentration remained above the MIC (T>MIC) correlated well with bacterial killing, such that if T>MIC was below 20% there was no effect on bacterial numbers in the lungs. As T>MIC increased, the response, in terms of decrease

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Thomsen, Henrik H., Nikolaj Rittig, Mogens Johannsen, et al. "Effects of 3-hydroxybutyrate and free fatty acids on muscle protein kinetics and signaling during LPS-induced inflammation in humans: anticatabolic impact of ketone bodies." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 108, no. 4 (2018): 857–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqy170.

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Abstract Background Acute inflammation, and subsequent release of bacterial products (e.g. LPS), inflammatory cytokines, and stress hormones, is catabolic, and the loss of lean body mass predicts morbidity and mortality. Lipid intermediates may reduce protein loss, but the roles of free fatty acids (FFAs) and ketone bodies during acute inflammation are unclear. Objective We aimed to test whether infusions of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3OHB), FFAs, and saline reduce protein catabolism during exposure to LPS and Acipimox (to restrict and control endogenous lipolysis). Design A total of 10 healthy male s

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Hla, Thel Khin, Joshua Osowicki, Sam Salman, et al. "Study protocol for controlled human infection for penicillin G againstStreptococcus pyogenes: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomised trial to determine the minimum concentration required to prevent experimental pharyngitis (the CHIPS trial)." BMJ Open 12, no. 12 (2022): e064022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064022.

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IntroductionRegular intramuscular benzathine penicillin G injections have been the cornerstone of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) secondary prophylaxis since the 1950s. As the pharmacological correlate of protection remains unknown, it is difficult to recommend changes to this established regimen. Determining the minimum effective penicillin exposure required to preventStreptococcus pyogenesinfection will accelerate development of new long-acting penicillins for RHD prevention as well as inform opportunities to improve existing regimens. The CHIPS trial will address this knowledge gap by directl

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Gill, Christian M., Kamilia Abdelraouf, and David P. Nicolau. "1244. Assessment of the In Vivo Activity of Human-Simulated Exposure of WCK 4282 (High Dose Cefepime [FEP]-Tazobactam [TZB]) against Enterobacterales (EB) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in the Neutropenic Murine Thigh Infection Model." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (2020): S640—S641. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1429.

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Abstract Background Carbapenems are often used for infections due to extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) and cephalosporinase (CSase)-producers. As increased carbapenem utilization is associated with the development of carbapenem resistance, antimicrobial stewardship has targeted non-carbapenem options. WCK 4282 (FEP 2 g-TZB 2 g) offers pharmacodynamically optimized TZB exposure and demonstrated potent activity in vitro against ESBL-phenotype isolates. We describe the pharmacodynamics of a WCK 4282 human-simulated regimen (HSR) in the neutropenic murine thigh model. Methods 19 clinical strain

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Pérez-Pérez, J. Abraham, David Espinosa-Victoria, Hilda V. Silva-Rojas, and Lucía López-Reyes. "DIVERSITY OF CULTURABLE BACTERIAL MICROBIOTA OF THE Eisenia foetida DIGESTIVE TRACT." Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana 41, no. 3 (2018): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2018.3.255-264.

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Bacteria are an unavoidable component of the natural earthworm diet; thus, bacterial diversity in the earthworm gut is directly linked to decomposition of organic matter and development of the surrounding plants. The aim of this research was to isolate and to identify biochemically and molecularly the culturable bacterial microbiota of the digestive tract of Eisenia foetida. Earthworms were sourced from Instituto de Reconversión Productiva y Bioenergética (IRBIO) and Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS), México. Bacterial isolation was carried out on plates of Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) culture m

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Martins, Káthia Santana, Lorena Tirza de Assis Magalhães, Jeferson Geison de Almeida, and Fábio Alessandro Pieri. "Antagonism of Bacteria from Dog Dental Plaque against Human Cariogenic Bacteria." BioMed Research International 2018 (November 4, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2780948.

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Dental caries are a process of demineralization and destruction of human teeth. They originate through many factors and are associated with biofilm formation, which consists of bacteria adhered to the teeth that form a structurally and functionally organized mass called dental plaque. Both the presence ofStreptococcus mutansand the frequent consumption of sucrose correlate with a higher prevalence of caries in humans. In dogs, however, the incidence of this disease is low, due to factors such as differences in dental microbiota and/or their low consumption of sucrose. This work evaluated the a

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Quereda, Juan J., Empar García-Roselló, Marta Barba, et al. "Use of Probiotics in Intravaginal Sponges in Sheep: A Pilot Study." Animals 10, no. 4 (2020): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10040719.

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Sheep estrous synchronization is mainly based on progestagen-impregnated sponges which could cause vaginitis. Several species of Lactobacillus used as probiotics are commonly used in the treatment or prevention of urogenital infections in humans. However, no studies have been performed to analyze the potential use of probiotics to prevent urogenital infections in sheep. A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted with 21 one-year-old ewes to develop a model of probiotic infusion in vaginal sponges in order to study their influence in ewe’s vaginal microbiota, general health status, fe

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Cutler, N. R., J. Vincent, S. S. Jhee, et al. "Penetration of trovafloxacin into cerebrospinal fluid in humans following intravenous infusion of alatrofloxacin." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 41, no. 6 (1997): 1298–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.41.6.1298.

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A single-dose study was conducted to determine concentrations of trovafloxacin (CP-99,219) achieved in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) relative to those in the serum of healthy subjects after intravenous infusion of alatrofloxacin (CP-116,517), the alanyl-alanyl prodrug of trovafloxacin. Twelve healthy subjects were administered single doses of alatrofloxacin at a trovafloxacin equivalent of 300 mg as an intravenous infusion over 1.0 h. CSF samples were taken by lumbar puncture at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 24 h after the start of the infusion; each subject was sampled at only one ti

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Veloso, T. R., M. Amiguet, V. Rousson, et al. "Induction of Experimental Endocarditis by Continuous Low-Grade Bacteremia Mimicking Spontaneous Bacteremia in Humans." Infection and Immunity 79, no. 5 (2011): 2006–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01208-10.

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ABSTRACTTransient high-grade bacteremia following invasive procedures carries a risk of infective endocarditis (IE). This is supported by experimental endocarditis. On the other hand, case-control studies showed that IE could be caused by cumulative exposure to low-grade bacteremia occurring during daily activities. However, no experimental demonstration of this latter possibility exists. This study investigated the infectivity in animals of continuous low-grade bacteremia compared to that of brief high-grade bacteremia. Rats with aortic vegetations were inoculated withStreptococcus intermediu

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Puspitasari, Renny Novi, Handayani Handayani, and Ratna Sofaria. "The Effects of Turmeric Infusion and Turmeric Juice (Curcuma Domestica) on The Staphylococcus Aureus Growth in Vitro." International Islamic Medical Journal 2, no. 2 (2021): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33086/iimj.v2i2.2140.

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Background: Turmeric is a plant that grows in tropical areas and functions as medicine. The chemical compounds contained in turmeric have a role as antioxidants, antimicrobials, anti-cancer, indigestion, smallpox, insect bites. The curcumin content in turmeric has antibacterial activity against various types of Gram negative, Gram positive, antiviral and anti-tumor bacteria. Essential oils can be used as antibacterial because they contain hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups which are phenol derivatives. Flavonoids can interfere with cell wall formation with peptidoglycan transpeptidase act

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Guinan, Eva, David E. Avigan, Robert J. Soiffer, et al. "Pilot experience with opebacan/rBPI21 in myeloablative hematopoietic cell transplantation." F1000Research 4 (December 21, 2015): 1480. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.7558.1.

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Bacterial infection and inflammation contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality of myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Endotoxin, a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is a potent inflammatory stimulus in humans. Bactericidal/permeability increasing protein (BPI), a constituent of human neutrophil granules, binds endotoxin thereby precluding endotoxin-induced inflammation and also has direct anti-infective properties against bacteria. As a consequence of myeloablative therapy used in preparation for hematopoietic cell infusion,

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Kim, Aryun, Mary Anne Banevicius, and David P. Nicolau. "In Vivo Pharmacodynamic Profiling of Doripenem against Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Simulating Human Exposures." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 52, no. 7 (2008): 2497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01252-07.

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ABSTRACT Doripenem is a new broad-spectrum carbapenem with activity against a range of gram-negative pathogens, including nonfermenting bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The objective of this study was to evaluate simulated human exposures to doripenem using a neutropenic murine thigh infection model against 24 clinical P. aeruginosa isolates with a wide range of MICs. Dosing regimens in mice were designed to approximate the free time above MIC (fT>MIC) observed with 500 mg doripenem every 8 h given as either a 1-h or 4-h intravenous infusion in humans. Maximal antibacterial killing

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Müller, Markus, Heino Staß, Martin Brunner, Jan G. Möller, Edith Lackner, and Hans G. Eichler. "Penetration of Moxifloxacin into Peripheral Compartments in Humans." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 43, no. 10 (1999): 2345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.43.10.2345.

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ABSTRACT To characterize the penetration of moxifloxacin (BAY 12-8039) into peripheral target sites, the present study aimed at measuring unbound moxifloxacin concentrations in the interstitial space fluid by means of microdialysis, an innovative clinical sampling technique. In addition, moxifloxacin concentrations were measured in cantharides-induced skin blisters, saliva, and capillary plasma and compared to total- and free-drug concentrations in venous plasma. For this purpose, 12 healthy volunteers received moxifloxacin in an open randomized crossover fashion either as a single oral dose o

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Modrzynska, Justyna, Christine F. Klein, Kasper Iversen, et al. "Plasma levels of glucagon but not GLP-1 are elevated in response to inflammation in humans." Endocrine Connections 10, no. 2 (2021): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ec-20-0590.

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Objective Glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) originate from the common precursor, proglucagon, and their plasma concentrations have been reported to be increased during inflammatory conditions. Increased blood glucose levels are frequently observed in septic patients, and therefore we hypothesized that glucagon, but not GLP-1, is increased in individuals with inflammation. Design Prospective longitudinal cohort study. Materials and methods We measured glucagon and GLP-1 in plasma sampled consecutively in three cohorts consisting of patients with infective endocarditis (n = 16), urose

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Crandon, Jared L., and David P. Nicolau. "In VivoActivities of Simulated Human Doses of Cefepime and Cefepime-AAI101 against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Enterobacteriaceae." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 59, no. 5 (2015): 2688–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00033-15.

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ABSTRACTThe combination of cefepime with AAI101, a novel extended-spectrum β-lactamase inhibitor, possesses potentin vitroactivity against many resistant Gram-negative pathogens. Against a panel of 20 mostly carbapenemase-producing cefepime-nonsusceptible strains of the familyEnterobacteriaceae, we evaluated the MICs of cefepime in the presence of various fixed AAI101 concentrations (1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 mg/liter) and thein vivoefficacy of simulated human doses of cefepime and cefepime-AAI101 in a neutropenic murine thigh infection model. At 2 h after inoculation, mice were dosed with regimens t

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van der Ven, Leo T. M., Germie P. J. M. van den Dobbelsteen, Bhawani Nagarajah, et al. "A New Rat Model of Otitis Media Caused byStreptococcus pneumoniae: Conditions and Application in Immunization Protocols." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 11 (1999): 6098–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.11.6098-6103.1999.

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ABSTRACT Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus [Pn]) can be cultured from up to 50% of acute otitis media (AOM) effusions, and these bacteria are the most common cause of AOM-related complications. With the recent advent of antibiotic-resistant Pn strains, treatment of Pn infections may meet with serious difficulties. Prevention through vaccination, notably for the four most common occurring Pn serotypes in humans (i.e., Pn 6B, Pn 14, Pn 19F, and Pn 23F), is a helpful alternative. Testing of vaccine efficacy should occur in an appropriate animal AOM model, which is presented here. The four in

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Samis, John A., Kenneth A. Stewart, Fletcher B. Taylor, and Michael E. Nesheim. "A Rapid and Sustained Increase in Neutrophil Elastase Levels Correlates Temporally with Decreased Coagulation Factor Activity during E.coli-Sepsis in Baboons." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.1032.1032.

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Abstract Infection is the most common pathology resulting in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in humans. Disturbances of the cell interactions between neutrophils and endothelial cells are an integral part of the pathophysiology of E.coli-sepsis. Although neutrophil elastase (NE) is required for the destruction of gram negative bacteria, dysregulated NE activity towards coagulation factors may contribute to the coagulopathies that accompany infections if its activity is not properly regulated by alpha-1-protease inhibitor (A1PI). The temporal relationships between these variables w

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Molloy, Jennifer C., Ulf Sommer, Mark R. Viant, and Steven P. Sinkins. "Wolbachia Modulates Lipid Metabolism in Aedes albopictus Mosquito Cells." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82, no. 10 (2016): 3109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00275-16.

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ABSTRACTCertain strains of the intracellular endosymbiontWolbachiacan strongly inhibit or block the transmission of viruses such as dengue virus (DENV) byAedesmosquitoes, and the mechanisms responsible are still not well understood. Direct infusion and liquid chromatography-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry-based lipidomics analyses were conducted usingAedes albopictusAa23 cells that were infected with thewMel andwMelPop strains ofWolbachiain comparison to uninfected Aa23-T cells. Substantial shifts in the cellular lipid profile were apparent in the presence

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Bulik, Catharine C., and David P. Nicolau. "In Vivo Efficacy of Simulated Human Dosing Regimens of Prolonged-Infusion Doripenem against Carbapenemase- Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 10 (2010): 4112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00026-10.

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ABSTRACT Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC) bacteria are rapidly becoming one of the most detrimental drug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. Doripenem is the newest FDA-approved carbapenem that has the greatest in vitro potency against a wide range of Gram-negative organisms, including multidrug-resistant organisms. Previous work in an animal model has shown efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with MICs above the current breakpoints of susceptibility. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of 1-g and 2-g dose prolonged infusions of doripenem against KPC iso

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Granowitz, EV, R. Porat, JW Mier, et al. "Hematologic and immunomodulatory effects of an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist coinfusion during low-dose endotoxemia in healthy humans." Blood 82, no. 10 (1993): 2985–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v82.10.2985.2985.

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Abstract Endotoxin is a component of gram-negative bacteria that causes hematologic and immunologic changes through its induction of cytokines. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) is a naturally occurring inhibitor of IL-1 that competes with IL-1 for occupancy of cell-surface receptors but possesses no agonist activity. We investigated the ability of human recombinant IL-1Ra to block the effects of low-dose endotoxin. Fourteen healthy male volunteers between 18 and 30 years old were injected intravenously with 3 ng/kg Escherichia coli endotoxin. Concurrent with the injections, nine volu

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Granowitz, EV, R. Porat, JW Mier, et al. "Hematologic and immunomodulatory effects of an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist coinfusion during low-dose endotoxemia in healthy humans." Blood 82, no. 10 (1993): 2985–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v82.10.2985.bloodjournal82102985.

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Endotoxin is a component of gram-negative bacteria that causes hematologic and immunologic changes through its induction of cytokines. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) is a naturally occurring inhibitor of IL-1 that competes with IL-1 for occupancy of cell-surface receptors but possesses no agonist activity. We investigated the ability of human recombinant IL-1Ra to block the effects of low-dose endotoxin. Fourteen healthy male volunteers between 18 and 30 years old were injected intravenously with 3 ng/kg Escherichia coli endotoxin. Concurrent with the injections, nine volunteers re

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Mallmann, Marielle Malucelli, Silvia Valderramas, Amanda Carvalho Garcia, Ricardo Rasmussen Petterle, Márcio Luís Duarte, and Odery Ramos Junior. "Kombucha: A systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental evidence of its effects on blood glucose, dyslipidemia and body weight in diabetes mellitus." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 6 (2022): e49011629278. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i6.29278.

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Kombucha is a non-alcoholic fermented tea-based beverage produced by a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast. This growing popularity in the United States and developed countries has been part of the functional food’s movement in the use of plant infusions as a promising alternative to the benefits of the microbiome in the treatment of obesity and diabetes. However, recent studies show controversial information about the effects of Kombucha on health, often driven by different theories leading to the empirical use of the drink without standardization of quantity and forms, and preparation, w

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Sakoulas, George, George M. Eliopoulos, Jeff Alder, and Claudie Thauvin Eliopoulos. "Efficacy of Daptomycin in Experimental Endocarditis Due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcusaureus." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 5 (2003): 1714–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.5.1714-1718.2003.

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ABSTRACT Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is becoming increasingly prevalent as both a nosocomial and a community-acquired pathogen. Daptomycin, a lipopeptide antibiotic now in phase III clinical trials, is rapidly bactericidal in vitro against a range of gram-positive organisms, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). In this study, we compared the efficacy of daptomycin with that of vancomycin, each with or without rifampin, in a model of experimental aortic valve endocarditis due to MRSA. The infecting strain (MRSA strain 32) was susceptible to daptomycin (MIC = 1 μg/ml

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Wu, Junqiang, Songhua Hu, and Liting Cao. "Therapeutic Effect of Nisin Z on Subclinical Mastitis in Lactating Cows." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 51, no. 9 (2007): 3131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00629-07.

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ABSTRACT Bovine subclinical mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland caused by bacterial intramammary infection, accounting for large economic losses. Treatment of subclinical mastitis is not suggested for lactating cows due to the risk of milk contamination. The objectives of this study were to evaluate an antimicrobial peptide, nisin, in the treatment of subclinical mastitis in lactating cows. A total of 90 lactating Holstein cows with subclinical mastitis were randomly divided into nisin-treated (n = 46) and control (n = 44) groups. In the nisin-treated group, cows received an intra

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Pimentel, Mark, Henry C. Lin, Pedram Enayati, et al. "Methane, a gas produced by enteric bacteria, slows intestinal transit and augments small intestinal contractile activity." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 290, no. 6 (2006): G1089—G1095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00574.2004.

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The presence of methane on lactulose breath test among irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) subjects is highly associated with the constipation-predominant form. Therefore, we set out to determine whether methane gas can alter small intestinal motor function. In dogs, small intestinal fistulae were created to permit measurement of intestinal transit. Using a radiolabel, we evaluated transit during infusion of room air and subsequently methane. In this model, small intestinal infusion of methane produced a slowing of transit in all dogs by an average of 59%. In a second experiment, guinea pig ileum w

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Sheih, Alyssa, Jonathan L. Golob, Abir Bhattacharyya, et al. "Impact of Intestinal Microbiota on Reconstitution of Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 3393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-115158.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells that express a semi-invariant T cell receptor (TCR) consisting of a Vα7.2 chain paired with a restricted repertoire of Vβ chains. The MAIT cell TCR recognizes riboflavin metabolites, and potentially other ligands produced by distinct bacterial and fungal species and presented in the context of the MHC class I-related molecule (MR1). MAIT cells are abundant in humans, comprising up to 10% of T cells in the peripheral blood, and are enriched in the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa and liver. The GI localizatio

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Lasko, Maxwell J., Kamilia Abdelraouf, and David P. Nicolau. "Comparative in vivo activity of human-simulated plasma and epithelial lining fluid exposures of WCK 5222 (cefepime/zidebactam) against KPC- and OXA-48-like-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in the neutropenic murine pneumonia model." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 76, no. 9 (2021): 2310–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkab183.

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Abstract Objectives This was a comparative assessment of WCK 5222 (cefepime/zidebactam 2/1 g as a 1 h infusion every 8 h) efficacy using human-simulated plasma and ELF exposures against serine-carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in the neutropenic murine pneumonia model. Methods Ten clinical isolates were utilized: eight were serine-carbapenemase-producing (KPC, n = 4; OXA-48-like, n = 4) Enterobacterales with WCK 5222 MICs (1:1) ranging from 1 to 4 mg/L; and two were previously studied MDR isolates serving as quality controls. Lungs of mice were inoculated with 50 μL of 107 cfu/mL.

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Moreno, Xiomara, Melanie Ventura, María Mercedes Panizo, and María Fátima Garcés. "Evaluación de la formación de biopelículas en aislamientos bacterianos y fúngicos por el método semicuantitativo de microtitulación con cristal violeta y el cualitativo de agar con rojo Congo." Biomédica 43, Sp. 1 (2022): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.6732.

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Introducción. El 65 % de las infecciones humanas son producidas por bacterias o levaduras, cuya capacidad de formar biopelículas las hace más resistentes a los antimicrobianos y antifúngicos.Objetivo. Determinar la capacidad de formación de biopelículas en aislamientos bacterianos y fúngicos por medio de los métodos cuantitativo de microtitulación con cristal violeta y cualitativo de cultivo en agar con rojo Congo.Materiales y métodos. Con el método cuantitativo, se utilizaron los medios de cultivo infusión cerebro-corazón, tripticasa de soya y Müeller-Hinton para aislamientos bacterianos; par

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Aeschlimann, Jeffrey R., Marcus J. Zervos, and Michael J. Rybak. "Treatment of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faeciumwith RP 59500 (Quinupristin-Dalfopristin) Administered by Intermittent or Continuous Infusion, Alone or in Combination with Doxycycline, in an In Vitro Pharmacodynamic Infection Model with Simulated Endocardial Vegetations." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 42, no. 10 (1998): 2710–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.42.10.2710.

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ABSTRACT Quinupristin-dalfopristin is a streptogramin antibiotic combination with activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF), but emergence of resistance has been recently reported. We studied the activity of quinupristin-dalfopristin against two clinical strains of VREF (12311 and 12366) in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model with simulated endocardial vegetations (SEVs) to determine the potential for resistance selection and possible strategies for prevention. Baseline MICs/minimal bactericidal concentrations (μg/ml) for quinupristin-dalfopristin, quinupristin, dalfopris

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Ntessalen, Maria, Nathan E. K. Procter, Konstantin Schwarz, et al. "Inorganic nitrate and nitrite supplementation fails to improve skeletal muscle mitochondrial efficiency in mice and humans." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 111, no. 1 (2019): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz245.

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Abstract Background Inorganic nitrate, abundant in leafy green vegetables and beetroot, is thought to have protective health benefits. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet reduces the incidence and severity of coronary artery disease, whereas supplementation with nitrate can improve submaximal exercise performance. Once ingested, oral commensal bacteria may reduce nitrate to nitrite, which may subsequently be reduced to nitric oxide during conditions of hypoxia and in the presence of “nitrite reductases” such as heme- and molybdenum-containing enzymes. Objective We aimed to explore the putative e

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Bauer, Thomas R., James M. Allen, Laura M. Tuschong, et al. "Therapeutic Levels of Gene Corrected Neutrophils Following Foamy Viral Vector Mediated Gene Transfer in a Canine Model of Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency." Blood 106, no. 11 (2005): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.458.458.

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Abstract Children with the genetic immunodeficiency disease leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) experience life-threatening bacterial infections due to the inability of their leukocytes to adhere and migrate to sites of infection. Heterogenous molecular defects in the leukocyte integrin CD18 molecule are responsible for LAD. The canine form of LAD, known as CLAD, represents a disease-specific, large animal model in which affected animals typically die within the first few months of life. We evaluated a gene therapy approach in treating CLAD using foamy viral vectors. Foamy viral vectors were s

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Kucher, Klaus, Donald Johns, Doris Maier, et al. "First-in-Man Intrathecal Application of Neurite Growth-Promoting Anti-Nogo-A Antibodies in Acute Spinal Cord Injury." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 32, no. 6-7 (2018): 578–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1545968318776371.

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Background. Neutralization of central nervous system neurite growth inhibitory factors, for example, Nogo-A, is a promising approach to improving recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI). In animal SCI models, intrathecal delivery of anti-Nogo-A antibodies promoted regenerative neurite growth and functional recovery. Objective. This first-in-man study assessed the feasibility, safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary efficacy of the human anti-Nogo-A antibody ATI355 following intrathecal administration in patients with acute, complete traumatic paraplegia and tetraplegia. Met

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Santander, Flávia Rodrigues, Lucas Lima Lauro, Nathally Gabrielle Albuquerque-Roberto, et al. "Antifungal activity of clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) beverage fermented with kombucha culture." Cuadernos de Educación y Desarrollo 15, no. 10 (2023): 10304–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.55905/cuadv15n10-018.

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Fungi are associated with several diseases in humans, however these diseases have been neglected over the years. Fungal infections are estimated to cause more than 1.5 million deaths annually. In addition, recent studies have revealed the presence of pathogens resistant to antifungal drugs available for treatment. In view of this scenario, it is necessary to invest in research aimed at the discovery and development of new antifungal therapies. An important aspect to be considered is the antimicrobial activity attributed to fermented beverages, such as kombucha, which is obtained from the ferme

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Crandon, Jared L., Virna J. Schuck, Mary Anne Banevicius, et al. "ComparativeIn VitroandIn VivoEfficacies of Human Simulated Doses of Ceftazidime and Ceftazidime-Avibactam against Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 12 (2012): 6137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00851-12.

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ABSTRACTThe combination of ceftazidime and avibactam possesses potent activity against resistant Gram-negative pathogens, includingPseudomonas aeruginosa. We compared the efficacies of human simulated doses of ceftazidime and ceftazidime-avibactam using a hollow-fiber system and neutropenic and immunocompetent murine thigh infection models. Twenty-seven clinicalP. aeruginosaisolates with ceftazidime MICs of 8 to 128 mg/liter and ceftazidime-avibactam MICs of 4 to 32 mg/liter were utilized in neutropenic mouse studies; 15 of the isolates were also evaluated in immunocompetent mice. Six isolates

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Zenteno Guerra, Annie Bell, Noemí Caruajulca Pérez, and Félix Palacios Morales. "Identificación de Escherichia Coli presente en alimentos preparados en los comedores populares del distrito de Chaclacayo, Lima, Perú." Revista Científica de Ciencias de la Salud 6, no. 2 (2013): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17162/rccs.v6i2.207.

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Objetivo: Identificar la presencia de E. Coli en alimentos preparados en los comedores populares del distrito de Chaclacayo, Lima. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio experimental de diseño longitudinal, donde la muestra estuvo conformada por 15 comedores populares cuyo muestreo fue no probabilístico. Los instrumentos que se utilizaron fueron las placas Petrifilm y equipos de laboratorio para la recolección y análisis de los alimentos preparados. Para el proceso estadístico se utilizó la planilla de Microsoft Office Excel 2010, aplicando las medidas de tendencia central. Resultados: De l

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Palmer, Charys, Francesco Peri, Frank Neumann, Feroz Ahmad, David S. Leake, and Grisha Pirianov. "The synthetic glycolipid-based TLR4 antagonist FP7 negatively regulates in vitro and in vivo haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic vascular TLR4 signalling." Innate Immunity 24, no. 7 (2018): 411–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753425918798904.

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TLRs, including TLR4, have been shown to play a crucial role in cardiovascular inflammatory-based diseases. The main goal of this study was to determine the potential of FP7, a synthetic glycolipid active as a TLR4 antagonist, to modulate haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic vascular TLR4 pro-inflammatory signalling. HUVEC, human THP-1 monocytes, THP-1-derived macrophages, mouse RAW-264.7 macrophages and Angiotensin II-infused apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were in vitro and in vivo models, respectively. Western blotting, Ab array and ELISA approaches were used to explore the effect of FP7 o

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Mei, Henrik, Daniela Frölich, Claudia Giesecke, et al. "Chronic differentiation of human mucosal IgA-secreting cells during B cell depletion therapy with rituximab. (161.3)." Journal of Immunology 186, no. 1_Supplement (2011): 161.3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.161.3.

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Abstract During mucosal immune responses, IgA-secreting plasmablasts are generated from mucosal B cells. We previously demonstrated that at steady-state, most human peripheral blood antibody-secreting cells produce IgA and express mucosal homing receptors, and suggested their generation in mucosal immune responses. In the current study, we analyzed the blood of patients who received B cell depletion therapy with rituximab (anti-CD20) for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis before and at 2-9months after rituximab infusion by flow cytometry. While CD20+ B cells were reduced to &lt;0.02% of the

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Cortez Ávarez, Cesar Ricardo, Jorge Enrique García Robles, Emmanuel Novoa Pinzón, et al. "Actividad Antimicrobiana de Pulpa Frutal de T. Indica ante Microorganismos de Interés Clínico." Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar 8, no. 2 (2024): 5585–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v8i2.10973.

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Las plantas ofrecen una amplia gama de posibilidades para extraer principios activos con potencial farmacológico. Gran parte de los principios activos presentan capacidad antimicrobiana. El fruto de Tamarindus indica está conformado por sacáridos, ácidos orgánicos como es el ácido tartárico, ácido málico y ascórbico, sales de potasio, hierro y fósforo. Los extractos acuosos de las flores exhiben actividad antimicrobiana en hongos patógenos y bacterias. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana de extractos obtenidos de pulpa de tamarindo (Tamarindus indica) en mi

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Serap, Kayişoğlu, and Coşkun Fatma. "Effects of Kombucha Tea Consumption on Human Health." Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research 10, no. 6 (2023): 96–104. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10462779.

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<strong>Abstract </strong>Kombucha tea is a popular beverage consumed worldwide, available both commercially and homemade. It is enjoyed for its refreshing taste, the antioxidant properties derived from tea extracts, and the beneficial effects of fermentative bacteria, which also possess antioxidant properties. Traditionally, black tea, oolong tea, and green tea have been the main substrates used for kombucha fermentation. However, alternative ingredients such as Jerusalem artichoke tuber extracts, wine, milk, fruit juices, plant infusions, as well as black carrot juice concentrate, cherry lau

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Bronner, Stéphane, Valérie Murbach, Jean-Daniel Peter та ін. "Ex Vivo Pharmacodynamics of Amoxicillin-Clavulanate against β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in a Yucatan Miniature Pig Model That Mimics Human Pharmacokinetics". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46, № 12 (2002): 3782–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.46.12.3782-3789.2002.

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ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to investigate the potential bactericidal activity of amoxicillin-clavulanate against β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli strains and to elucidate the extent to which enzyme production affects the activity. Six adult Yucatan miniature pigs received a single intravenous dose of 1.1 g of amoxicillin-clavulanate as an intravenous infusion over 30 min. The pharmacokinetic parameters were determined for the serum samples and compared to the published data for humans (2.2-g intravenous dose). The parameters were comparable for the two species, and t

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Juda, Eman Khadum, Khawlah Jebur Khalaf, and Mounir M. Salem-Bekit. "Effect of Growth Conditions on Hemolysin Production from Clinical Isolates of <i>Escherichia Coli</i>." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 35, no. 3 (2024): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v35i3.1442.

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Background: Escherichia coli belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family and is found in the digestive systems of humans and various animals as normal flora. Objective: This study aims to identify the optimal conditions necessary for the synthesis of hemolysin by E. coli isolated from a variety of clinical contexts. Methods: A total of 120 specimens were collected from different clinical sources in Baghdad Hospitals. Screening for hemolysin production was done by plate and Spectrophotometric methods. Furthermore, many conditions for producing hemolysin from clinical E. coli isolates were investig

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Save, Jonathan, Yok-Ai Que, José Entenza, and Grégory Resch. "Subtherapeutic Doses of Vancomycin Synergize with Bacteriophages for Treatment of Experimental Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infective Endocarditis." Viruses 14, no. 8 (2022): 1792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14081792.

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Background. Recurrent therapeutic failures reported for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infective endocarditis (IE) with vancomycin may be due to poor bactericidal activity. Alternative antibacterial approaches using bacteriophages may overcome this limitation. Objectives. An experimental rat model of MRSA IE (EE) was used to examine the efficacy of vancomycin combined with a 1:1 bacteriophage (phage) cocktail composed of Herelleviridae vB_SauH_2002 and Routreeviridae 66. Methods. Six hours after inoculation with ca. 5 log10 colony forming units (CFU) of MRS

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Gavaldà, J., P. J. Cardona, B. Almirante, et al. "Treatment of experimental endocarditis due to Enterococcus faecalis using once-daily dosing regimen of gentamicin plus simulated profiles of ampicillin in human serum." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 40, no. 1 (1996): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.40.1.173.

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We compared the efficacy of ampicillin, both alone and in combination with gentamicin given once a day (q.d.) or three times a day (t.i.d.), in the treatment of experimental enterococcal endocarditis. Ampicillin was administered by using humanlike pharmacokinetics that simulated the profiles of this drug in human serum. An open one-compartment mathematical model developed in this study was used to estimate the decreasing doses administered with a computer-controlled infusion pump that simulated in rabbits the human serum pharmacokinetics after intravenous administration of 2 g of ampicillin ev

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Pellissery, Abraham Joseph, Poonam Gopika Vinayamohan, and Kumar Venkitanarayanan. "In vitro antivirulence activity of baicalin against Clostridioides difficile." Journal of Medical Microbiology 69, no. 4 (2020): 631–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.001179.

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Introduction. Clostridioides difficile is an enteric pathogen that causes a serious toxin-mediated colitis in humans. Bacterial exotoxins and sporulation are critical virulence components that contribute to pathogenesis, and disease transmission and relapse, respectively. Therefore, reducing toxin production and sporulation could significantly minimize C. difficile pathogenicity and disease outcome in affected individuals. Aim. This study investigated the efficacy of a natural flavone glycoside, baicalin, in reducing toxin synthesis, sporulation and spore germination in C. difficile in vitro.

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Iriani, Yulidia, Yan Ramona, and Ni Putu Adriani Astiti. "Efektifitas daun salam dalam mengurangi cemaran mikroba penyebab busuk telur itik." Intisari Sains Medis 13, no. 2 (2022): 352–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/ism.v13i2.1321.

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Background: Pathogenic bacteria on eggshells or egg contents will be very dangerous for the health of humans who consume them. Chemicals should not be an option for preservatives because they will cause side effects. In this study, we explored the possibility of using bay leaf extract (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp) to control the growth of polluting bacteria in salted duck eggs so that the shelf life can be extended. The purpose of the study was to determine the potential of the active compounds contained in bay leaves in reducing the total plate count/microbial contamination in salted duc

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Zheng, Liang, Yingying Mao, Mandy Li, Xiangrong Dai, Benjamin Li, and X. Long Zheng. "Therapeutic Efficacy of Anfibatide in a Murine Model of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.659.659.

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Abstract Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare but potentially fatal blood disorder, resulting from severe deficiency of plasma ADAMTS13 activity. Plasma infusion or exchange is the mainstay of treatment. However, complications associated with the administration of blood products and with the placement of a central venous line remain to be a major concern. To address the unmet clinical need, we test hypothesis that anfibatide, a novel snake venom-derived glycoprotein (GP) Ib antagonist, may be efficacious in treating TTP. Here, we show that purified anfibatide from snake venom in

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Susilawati, I. Dewa Ayu, and Mochammad Fahmi. "The Effect of Coffee Consumption on the Level of Adrenalin Blood Serum in the Periodontitis Model: An In Vivo Study." Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research 8, no. 7 (2024): 4631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/bsm.v8i7.1034.

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Background: Adrenalin was supposed to have an anti-inflammatory effect; hence adrenalin concentration in blood serum might be lower in inflammatory diseases. Coffee contains caffeine that is thought to have the potency to increase adrenalin secretion in inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to analyze the effect of coffee consumption on adrenalin blood levels in periodontitis rat model. Methods: This in vivo experimental study used the post-test-only control group design. Wistar male rats (Rattus novergicus) were divided into four groups (four rats/group) i.e. 1) Periodontitis (no coffee), 2

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Víquez Barrantes, Diana, Ana I. Incer González, Oscar Acosta, and Jessie Usaga. "https://www.alanrevista.org/ediciones/2023/1/art-4/." Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición 73, no. 1 (2023): 42–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37527/2023.73.1.005.

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La leche materna donada es un recurso de alto valor que puede ser utilizado para la alimentación de neonatos hospitalizados y a término, por tanto, garantizar su inocuidad es imperativo. Esta revisión de literatura reúne los principales peligros de naturaleza física, química y microbiológica identificados en leche materna, con la intención de proveer una referencia que los consolide de tal forma que la información pueda ser utilizada por bancos de leche humana, gobiernos y agencias regulatorias para establecer mecanismos para su prevención y control. Se realizó una revisión de literatura entre

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Entenza, J. M., P. Hohl, I. Heinze-Krauss, M. P. Glauser, and P. Moreillon. "BAL9141, a Novel Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin Active against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Treatment of Experimental Endocarditis." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46, no. 1 (2002): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.46.1.171-177.2002.

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ABSTRACT The therapeutic efficacy of BAL9141 (formerly Ro 63-9141), a novel cephalosporin with broad in vitro activity that also has activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), was investigated in rats with experimental endocarditis. The test organisms were homogeneously methicillin-resistant S. aureus strain COL transformed with the penicillinase-encoding plasmid pI524 (COL Bla+) and homogeneously methicillin-resistant, penicillinase-producing isolate P8-Hom, selected by serial exposure of parent strain P8 to methicillin. The MICs of BAL9141 for these organisms (2 mg/

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