Relevant bibliographies by topics / Base of the (economic) Pyramid

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Base of the (economic) Pyramid'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Base of the (economic) Pyramid"

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Hsiung, Bingyuang. "The Concept of Relativity and Economic Theorizing*." Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics 13, no. 4 (2002): 351–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02601079x02001300401.

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The discipline of economics can be viewed as a pyramid, with the subject matter as its base and the analytical approach its upper part. It is argued that the pinnacle of the pyramid is the concept of relativity. The concept provides a unifying theme for various economic inquiries, and thus can be seen the starting point for economic theorizing in general.
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Claeyé, Frederik, Yosra Boughattas, and Erno T. Tornikoski. "Formation of Social Entrepreneurial Intention: A Qualitative Grounded Approach at the Base of the Pyramid." Administrative Sciences 12, no. 1 (2022): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci12010024.

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While there have been some attempts at investigating and theorizing social entrepreneurial action at the base of the economic pyramid, our understanding of the processes contributing to the formation of social entrepreneurial intention in contexts of extreme poverty remain limited. In this study, we aim to address this gap by providing a better understanding of the formation of social entrepreneurial intentions of youths at the base of the economic pyramid. Drawing on a qualitative grounded approach, we highlight the role of self-confidence, perceived self-efficacy and social ascension beliefs
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Maestre-Matos, Marcela, Jahir Lombana-Coy, Francisco J. Mesías, and Ahmed Elghannam. "Institutional Factors That Affect Inclusive Businesses: The Case of Banana Cooperatives in the Magdalena Region (Colombia)." International Journal of Rural Management 17, no. 1_suppl (2021): 69S—96S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973005221991603.

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Inclusive business as a model at the base of the pyramid is a relatively recent unit of study in academic literature. From the institutional perspective, businesses are affected by norms, processes, rules of moral and ethical behaviour, which have not been studied for the base of the pyramid in inclusive businesses, much less in agricultural cooperatives. The objective of this research is to identify institutional factors that can affect agribusiness inclusive models. In this research, agricultural cooperatives of banana production in the province of Magdalena, Colombia, are the unit of analys
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Khadilkar, Pramod. "Formulating the Design Scope for the Base of the (Economic) Pyramid." Design Issues 33, no. 2 (2017): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/desi_a_00436.

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Base of the (economic) Pyramid (BoP) represents a population living under severe resource constraint s. Design for BoP has crucial responsibility of achieving the well-being through fulfillment of specific needs. At BoP, design has to shoulder this additional responsibility due to absent or severely constrained mechanisms to translate the functional product into well-being. This paper proposes a design scope for the BoP using normative approach from developmental economics, and then compares it with the pervasive product centric scope. Author defines product centricity as a design scope that c
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Thakur, Rakhi. "Community marketing: serving the base of the economic pyramid sustainably." Journal of Business Strategy 36, no. 4 (2015): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-04-2014-0041.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to acknowledge the importance of community networks in distribution of services and to present a conceptual framework outlining the antecedents and consequences of community marketing. Developing countries represent large untapped markets at the bottom of economic pyramid which is not serviced by conventional products using traditional marketing channels. Organisations are increasing looking at involving local community and broad range of partners called “Community Marketing” in this paper as a viable channel to expand their market by reaching out to this
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Adegbile, Abiodun, and David Sarpong. "Disruptive innovation at the base-of-the-pyramid." critical perspectives on international business 14, no. 2/3 (2018): 111–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cpoib-11-2016-0053.

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Purpose The authors aim to examine the potential opportunities and challenges multinationals operating in Africa are likely to encounter when they seek to pioneer disruptive innovations at the base of the pyramid (BoP) in African emerging markets. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on the extant literature on the BoP, disruptive innovation and the African business context, the authors explore the pioneering of disruptive innovations in the African socio-economic context. Findings This study develops various hypotheses to extend our understanding of disruptive innovations at the BoP. The autho
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Anderson, Jamie, and Niels Billou. "Serving the world's poor: innovation at the base of the economic pyramid." Journal of Business Strategy 28, no. 2 (2007): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02756660710732611.

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Deb, Sadrita, and Subhojit Sengupta. "What makes the base of the pyramid susceptible to investment fraud." Journal of Financial Crime 27, no. 1 (2020): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-03-2019-0035.

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Purpose Dubious investment schemes by unlisted companies are alluring individual investors at the base of the pyramid to invest money and lose them. The purpose of the abstract is to identify the factors that induce the people at base-of-pyramid (BoP) to invest in fraudulent schemes. Design/methodology/approach Open-ended interviews of people at the BoP from areas in and around Kharagpur town in West Bengal were conducted. Through open coding, codes, categories and themes were generated. Findings Interpersonal trusts form the central feature of investment fraud. The personal relationship among
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Paras, Manoj Kumar, Daniel Ekwall, and Rudrajeet Pal. "Developing a framework for the performance evaluation of sorting and grading firms of used clothing." Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing 12, no. 1 (2019): 82–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgoss-11-2017-0047.

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PurposeThis paper aims to propose a framework for evaluating the performance of reverse value chain activities in the clothing industry operating at base of the pyramid. Specifically, the research explores firm and supply chain factors influencing clothing reverse value chain activities with a focus on developing economies.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted an explorative technique using direct observations and semi-structured interviews to collect information from eight companies and two traders. Internal resources and value chain capabilities were examined using theoretical underpi
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Solon, Florentino S. "Developing a National Training Pyramid." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 18, no. 2 (1997): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482659701800214.

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The training pyramid is a system with designated levels corresponding to types of training needed for personnel in a national nutrition programme. Each proportional level refers to the type, purpose, and content of training and the category of individuals to be trained. Level III, the upper part of the pyramid, is intended for a few professionals with master's or doctoral degrees who deal with macronutrition issues and the solution of nationwide nutrition problems through policies, programmes, macroplanning, and legislative action. Short-term training periods provide skills in studying and for
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Base of the (economic) Pyramid"

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Beaty, Chantell Ramaun. "Business Leaders Marketing to Bottom-of-the-Pyramid Consumers in Nigeria." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2711.

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Business leaders often leave more than half of the world's population the bottom of the pyramid (BOP), a $5-trillion market of potential consumers untapped for products and services on account of failing to see BOP markets as profitable for business, yet business leaders who have managed inclusive BOP marketing in Nigeria have experienced profit margins as high as 120%. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies of business leaders who market to BOP consumers in Nigeria and maintain a profit. The study population consisted of 3 business leaders in the Dallas and Fort Wor
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Barki, Edgard Elie Roger. "Distribution strategies for the base of the pyramid: an exploratory study in Brazil." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/4484.

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Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:08:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 71060100730.pdf: 1696550 bytes, checksum: 2ab1fb226ddf72ebf4f0005759bf9cd2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-24T00:00:00Z<br>Access has been one of the main difficulties companies have faced in emerging markets (PRAHALAD, 2005). The capillarity of the market, the existence of small, not professionalized and sometimes informal retailers, the lack of infrastructure and high transportation costs are some of the distribution challenges companies face in poorer regions. The literature concerning the Base of the Pyrami
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Ericson, Johannes. "Marketing Services in Emerging Economies : A case study of a base of the pyramid initiative in Kenya." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-44835.

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Schreurs, Zoë, and Agnes Allgén. "Entrepreneurship in Sub-Saharan Africa : Achieving impactful local outcomes through partnerships." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448358.

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Governments at the bottom of the pyramid are putting an increasing amount of trust inthe private sector to help build infrastructure and alleviate poverty. Therefore, finding better ways to support local entrepreneurial initiatives is crucial. Corporations and organisations alike are starting BoP initiatives to help with these challenges, yet knowledge of how these challenges can best be solved remains underdeveloped. It is suggested that creating shared value through partnerships between corporations and the BoP can help alleviate poverty as well as benefit the corporation. In sharing knowled
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Venn, Ronald [Verfasser], and Nicola [Akademischer Betreuer] Berg. "Partnering for Sustainable Value Creation : Conceptual and Empirical Analyses of Co-Creation in Cross-sector Social Partnerships at the Base of the economic Pyramid / Ronald Venn. Betreuer: Nicola Berg." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1078408955/34.

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Tomeo, Foncuberta Tomás. "La relevancia del mercado de la base de la pirámide en la economía mundial. Empresas privadas y nuevos modelos de negocio." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/35758.

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La tesis tiene como objetivo general argumentar, la relevancia, para las empresas privadas, del mercado de la Base de la Pirámide (BdP en adelante) en la economía mundial. Aunque será desarrollado posteriormente, por el término BdP se entiende el segmento de la población configurado por los mercados de rentas más bajas del mundo (con ingresos anuales inferiores a $3.000). Queda configurado aproximadamente por unos 4.000 millones de personas. En cuanto a las hipótesis de trabajo, se destacan las siguientes: - La tesis argumenta que el mercado de la BdP es una opción estratégica importante
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Sutter, Christopher J. "Knowledge Transfer in Base of the Pyramid Markets." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366200889.

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Kay, Ethan Jeremy. "Playing with fire : an MNC's inability to translate its market logic in a culturally complex exchange setting in rural India." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c35eb4e5-71c9-466a-9420-0b4c7d0679db.

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This dissertation describes the manner by which a multinational corporation (MNC) enacts a market-based logic with a locally embedded partner in a complex and unfamiliar operating setting to fulfil both business and social objectives. It examines a hybrid partnership between BP, an MNC, and SSP, a rural Indian non-governmental organisation (NGO). Together, the organisations trained rural women, who were affiliated with SSP, as agents to distribute and sell BP’s ‘smokeless’ cookstoves and fuel pellets to households who cook on smoky firewood stoves. The research draws on two theories—neo-instit
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Millington, Nadia. "Ambisinisterity, success traps and the base of the pyramid." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2015. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3380/.

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The failure to simultaneously explore and exploit (i.e. achieve ambidexterity) continues to present an ongoing challenge for Multinational Corporations (MNCs). Here, exploration involves “experimentation with new alternatives” and exploitation, “refinement and extension of existing competencies, technologies and paradigms”. This problem is particularly acute for MNCs exploring disenfranchised/poverty prone segments (such as the Base of the Pyramid), whilst exploiting existing strongholds in wealthier segments of emerging market contexts. Yet there continues to be a dearth of academic scholarsh
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Vunder, Fontana Kadri. "Sales Channels for Targeting Base-of-Pyramid Markets in India." kostenfrei, 2008. http://www.unisg.ch/www/edis.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/3486.

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Books on the topic "Base of the (economic) Pyramid"

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Prabhu, Kandachar, and Halme Minna, eds. Sustainability challenges and solutions at the base of the pyramid: Business, technology and the poor. Greenleaf Pub., 2008.

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Faivre-Tavignot, Bénédicte. Social Business and Base of the Pyramid. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119261193.

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Arnold, Marlen Gabriele, Judy N. Muthuri, and Ximena Rueda. Base of the Pyramid Markets in Affluent Countries. Edited by Stefan Gold. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429423512.

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Fajardo, Ximena Rueda, Marlen Gabriele Arnold, Judy N. Muthuri, and Stefan Gold. Base of the Pyramid Markets in Latin America. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429424168.

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Qureshi, Israr, Babita Bhatt, and Dhirendra Mani Shukla, eds. Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2414-8.

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Hahn, Rüdiger. Multinationale Unternehmen und die „Base of the Pyramid“. Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8216-2.

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Praceus, Sarah. Consumer Innovation at the Base of the Pyramid. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-05105-1.

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author, Hütte Edgar, ed. Strategic challenges for the base of the pyramid. Edward Elgar, 2014.

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Lee, Samuel P. Strategic briefing on the base of the pyramid (BoP). John F. Kennedy School of Government, 2010.

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Hayashi, Takabumi, Hiroshi Hoshino, and Yoshie Hori, eds. Base of the Pyramid and Business Process Outsourcing Strategies. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8171-5.

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Book chapters on the topic "Base of the (economic) Pyramid"

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Derera, Evelyn. "Women’s economic empowerment and agricultural value chain development." In Base of the Pyramid Markets in Africa. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429424175-10.

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Gutiérrez, Roberto. "Leadership, organisational alignment, and partnerships against economic exclusion." In Base of the Pyramid Markets in Latin America. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429424168-6.

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Attri, Pardeep Singh, and Hari Bapuji. "Digital Discrimination in Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid." In Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2414-8_10.

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Aditi and Nalin Bharti. "Sharing Economy in India: Looking Base of the Pyramid Through Critical Infrastructure." In Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2414-8_8.

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Hota, Pradeep Kumar, Shouxiang Qiu, and Babita Bhatt. "Ethitrade: Countering Challenges of Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid Using Technology." In Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2414-8_12.

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Nungsari, Melati, and Hui Yin Chuah. "Participation in the Sharing Economy for Refugees in Malaysia: A Solution that Bypasses Legal Constraints?" In Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2414-8_6.

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Qureshi, Israr, Babita Bhatt, and Dhirendra Mani Shukla. "Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid-Research Framework and Future Directions." In Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2414-8_15.

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Pillai, Vinay, Meet Pandey, and Babita Bhatt. "Social Sustainability at the BOP Through Building Inclusive Social Capital: A Case Study of Drishtee." In Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2414-8_13.

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Qiu, Shouxiang, Zhejing Xu, and Babita Bhatt. "The Sharing Economy Platforms in Rural China: Bridging Institutional Voids Through Institutional Entrepreneurship." In Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2414-8_4.

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Pandey, Meet, Monica Bhati, Dhirendra Mani Shukla, and Israr Qureshi. "Resourcing and Value Creation: A Case of Sharing Economy Model at the Base of the Pyramid." In Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2414-8_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Base of the (economic) Pyramid"

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Dong, Yao-Han, Kun-Rong Lin, and Ching-Fuh Lin. "Silicon-Based Schottky Photodetectors Use a Microstructures Resonant Cavity Design to Extend MWIR Sensitivity." In Frontiers in Optics. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1364/fio.2024.jw4a.58.

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The resonant cavity design of inverted pyramid structures allows silicon-based photodetectors to measure MWIR wavelengths up to 6 µm. Additionally, the design of the inverted truncated-pyramid structure's base enhances the response at specific wavelengths.
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Clayton, C. K. "Computer Data Base Management for Economic Optimization of Field Corrosion Inhibition Programs." In CORROSION 1987. NACE International, 1987. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1987-87455.

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Abstract Increased profitability is the goal of corrosion mitigation. In some large oil well producing environments, measurement of economic performance on a well by well or lease by lease basis to improve current treatment methods is difficult. Computers have been successfully used to improve current corrosion mitigation program performance by evaluating the corrosion economics of alternate mitigation programs. Economic analyses of oil producing fields requires management of large volumes of information. Comprehensive economic analyses on a lease or well basis is further complicated by the co
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Rausch, J. J., and P. F. Ziegler. "Economic Benefits of a New Nitrided Columbium-Base Alloy in Corrosive and Erosive Enviroments." In CORROSION 1987. NACE International, 1987. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1987-87457.

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Abstract A new nitrided columbium-base alloy, Tribocor 532N, can provide significant economic benefits in a number of corrosive environments, especially those involving a combination of corrosive and erosive conditions. The material is a surface nitrided Cb-30%-Ti-20%W alloy. It provides an outstanding combination of wear and abrasion resistance similar to that of cemented tungsten carbides along with superior resistance to corrosion in numerous severe chemical exposures. It is being used in valves for devices in oil well stimulation involving handling of hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids at
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Markopoulos, Evangelos, Hugo Rourke, and Hannu Vanharanta. "The Scandinavian Democratic Governmental Support Model for Start-Ups and Innovations (SDeGMSI)." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001528.

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Regional and national development has always been impacted with the synchronisation of the public and the private sector. The growth of privately owned enterprises contributes significantly to the national economy, employment and prosperity, but also to the national pride, brand name and reputation for further investments to be made in a country. Therefore the support of the public sector to the development of the private sector is mandatory for the public sector to keep its private sector and avoid a catastrophic brain drain. Scandinavia is one of the regions with remarkable achievements in i
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Ross, Rachel, Katherine Rouen, and Jesse Austin-Breneman. "Extending Lead User Theory to Participatory Co-Design: A Case Study in a Base of the Pyramid Context." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-86009.

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New product development (NPD) presents a number of challenges to engineering teams designing for the base of the economic pyramid (BoP). Existing design methods may not be appropriate for the unique operating context. In response to these differences, product design teams and researchers have turned to participatory design as an approach to designing with people in emerging communities to address the main failure mode identified in past BoP projects, namely the misidentification of user needs. Past research and experience has demonstrated that identifying users to engage in participatory co-de
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Nicotra, G., L. Decarli, L. La Rosa, et al. "Process Safety & Asset Integrity Key Performance Indicators (PS&AI KPIs): An Operative Model for Strengthening the Asset Safety Barriers." In SPE International Health, Safety, Environment and Sustainability Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/220349-ms.

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Abstract Oil &amp; Gas facilities pose the potential for process safety events with substantial consequences for people, environment, and assets. An Eni’s jointly team comprising HSE professionals, along with experts in production, maintenance, and well operations developed, based on IOGP report 456, a set of lagging and leading Process Safety &amp; Asset Integrity (PS&amp;AI) Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) able to assess the performance against benchmarks aiming at preventing process safety events. This facilitates the identification of strengths and weaknesses, contributing to continuous
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Klymchuk, Oleksandr. "Specification of the use of technological indicators of bioenergy crops for efficient biofuels production." In Conferinta stiintifica internationala "Strategii si politici de management in economia contemporana", editia VII. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/icspm2022.31.

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The paper identifies current problems of stable energy supply and use of energy resources, the solution of which largely determines the level of the country's socio-economic development, and substantiates the possibilities for more fully using the existing production potential of the agro-industrial complex in market conditions. The purpose of the work is to study the variation and correlations between the technological indicators of the main agricultural crops of the bioenergy direction for the formation of a raw material base and ensuring the efficient production of biofuels in Ukraine. To a
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Schafer, Carson, Richard Parks, and Rahul Rai. "Design for Emerging Bottom of the Pyramid Markets: A Product Service System (PSS) Based Approach." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47744.

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Multi billion people exist at the bottom of the global economic pyramid (BOP). Increased consumer demand and enormous volume has helped turn these BOP into emerging markets with substantial profit potential. Current approaches for designing product and service solutions for BOP markets are ad-hoc in nature. Product Service Systems (PSS), products intertwined with services, can be highly adaptable to these emerging markets and provide an unique framework for designing solutions in the emerging BOP markets. This paper systematically approaches the problem of designing customized PSSs for emergin
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Stegmüller, Sebastian, and Franziska Braun. "The tetrahedron of sustainability design - a 3D framework for the integral and interdisciplinary development of circular economy oriented products." In 5th International Conference on Human Systems Engineering and Design: Future Trends and Applications (IHSED 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004138.

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Traditional product design follows three main directions that had to be thought and planned in an integrated way: Desirability, feasibility, and viability. Aspects from user research, technology development and business models must be weighed against each other and to be optimized as holistic concept. For future product design those three dimensions seems to be not sufficient any more as the sustainable impact from products regarding their production, usage and end of life, becomes an important factor in development processes. The so-called circular economy, that describes the goal of a most e
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Schuett, Carsten, and Alexandre Paternoster. "Full Generic Qualification of Nylon 12 Carbon Fiber Composite for Dynamic Thermoplastic Composite Pipe and Hybrid Flexible Pipe Applications." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31266-ms.

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Abstract Composite structures are used as corrosion insensitive load bearing reinforcement in dynamic Thermoplastic Composite Pipe (TCP) and Hybrid Flexible Pipe (HFP) applications. The qualification of such structures can follow different strategies: product level versus material characterization. DNVGL-ST-F119 proposes a generic knowledge-based approach based on a testing pyramid. The pyramid allows a generic material characterization for a large number of conditions. Testing of dedicated specimens in constant media exposure measures the actual properties and changes of the material. Regress
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Reports on the topic "Base of the (economic) Pyramid"

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Kayser, Olivier, Lucie Klarsfeld, and Simon Brossard. The Broadband Effect: Enhancing Market-based Solutions for the Base of the Pyramid. Inter-American Development Bank, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005987.

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Broadband has a potential impact on the base of the pyramid (BOP), a segment of the population previously excluded from markets, and which lacks access to quality goods and services. Broadband facilitates the development of new business models that are more effective and efficient in terms of accessing, creating, and distributing goods and services to the BOP. A variety of private-sector-led broadband initiatives involving the BOP around the world have demonstrated profitability, while also providing social and economic returns along the value chain. Without the use of such technology, these s
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Kayser, Olivier, Lucie Klarsfeld, and Simon Brossard. The Broadband Effect: Enhancing Market-based Solutions for the Base of the Pyramid (Executive Summary). Inter-American Development Bank, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005988.

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Broadband has a potential impact on the base of the pyramid (BOP), a segment of the population previously excluded from markets, and which lacks access to quality goods and services. Broadband facilitates the development of new business models that are more effective and efficient in terms of accessing, creating, and distributing goods and services to the BOP. A variety of private-sector-led broadband initiatives involving the BOP around the world have demonstrated profitability, while also providing social and economic returns along the value chain. Without the use of such technology, these s
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3

Stickney, Christy. Many Paths to a Home: Emerging Business Models for Latin America and the Caribbean's Base of the Pyramid. Inter-American Development Bank, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006231.

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The lack of adequate housing is a problem throughout Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Almost 40 percent of families in the region live in a house beyond repair, have no title, or lack water, sewerage, electricity, adequate building materials, or space. It is estimated that by 2015, that number will increase by 10 percent. Only an investment of at least $310 billion will close the region's current housing gap, that is 7.8 percent of LAC's GDP. The demand for improved housing among the base of the pyramid (BOP) has been consistently strong and represents a relatively steady proportion of t
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4

Hu, Allen H., ed. Riches at the Base of the Pyramid: Alleviating Poverty with Green Productivity and Sustainability. Asian Productivity Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.61145/mztg6771.

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Crone, Lisa K., Richard W. Haynes, and Nicholas E. Reyna. Different perspectives on economic base. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rn-538.

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Asuncion, Ronahlee A., ed. Base of the Pyramid during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Steps to Address Widening Disparities in India. Asian Productivity Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.61145/phyz2058.

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This research was undertaken to show how the current gaps and weaknesses in systems for monitoring agricultural productivity in APO member countries could be addressed. The comprehensive report analyzes agricultural performance and productivity trends with data from 1961 to 2015. It paves the way for the establishment of a harmonized APO regional database on agricultural productivity indicators for benchmarking and long-term monitoring, which will help design appropriate programs to support the needs of the sector in the APO membership.
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Schiffbauer, Marc, Philip Keefer, and Ishac Diwan. Pyramid Capitalism: Cronyism, Regulation, and Firm Productivity in Egypt. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011766.

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Using a large, original database of 385 politically connected firms under the Mubarak regime in Egypt, we document for the first time the negative impact of cronyism on economic growth. In the early 2000s, a policy shift in Egypt led to the expansion of crony activities into new, previously unconnected sectors. 4-digit sectors that experienced crony entry between 1996 and 2006 experienced lower aggregate employment growth during the period than those that did not. A wide array of supporting evidence indicates that this effect was causal, reflecting the mechanisms described in Aghion et al. (20
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Kurt S. Myers, Brian Jackson, Jake P. Gentle, and Jaso. Malmstrom Air Force Base Wind Farm Economic Analys. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1088413.

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9

Hooker, Mark, and Michael Knetter. Measuring the Economic Effects of Military Base Closures. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6941.

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Hart, Stuart. Opportunities for the Majority. Inter-American Development Bank, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006775.

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This document was authored by the key note presenter of the "Opportunities for the Majority in the Caribbean", IDB Seminar, Jamaica, 2007. The presentation revolves around the concept of "the base of the pyramid" to build a business strategy to target low income sectors.
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