Academic literature on the topic 'Bias of assessments'

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Journal articles on the topic "Bias of assessments"

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Olson, Robert, Maureen Parkinson, and Michael McKenzie. "Selection Bias Introduced by Neuropsychological Assessments." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 37, no. 2 (2010): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100010039.

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Objective:Two prospective studies in patient with brain tumours were performed comparing the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The first assessed their feasibility and the second compared their diagnostic accuracy against a four-hour neuropsychological assessment (NPA). The introduction of the NPA decreased accrual and retention rates. We were therefore concerned regarding potential selection bias.Methods:Ninety-two patients were prospectively accrued and subsequently divided into three categories: a) no NPA required b) withdrew consent to NPA c
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Arends, P., R. J. S. Wagner, and M. Mrazik. "SCAT Symptom Recall Bias in Concussed Athletes." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 34, no. 5 (2019): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz026.03.

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Abstract Purpose The assessment of concussed athletes uses standardized tools like the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether concussed athletes accurately recalled baseline functioning. Methods A retrospective cohort analysis of University football student-athletes from 2014-16 seasons was conducted. Forty-six student-athletes (M=19.7, SD=1.8) who suffered a concussion during the competitive season underwent a post-concussion assessment with a sports medicine physician within 24 hours of injury. Assessments included use of the symptom report
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Simonson, Richard J., Joseph R. Keebler, Rosemarie Fernandez, Elizabeth H. Lazzara, and Alex Chaparro. "Over Triage: Injury Classification Mistake or Hindsight Bias?" Proceedings of the International Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care 11, no. 1 (2022): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2327857922111001.

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Patient triage is a critical stage in providing patients with the appropriate level of care required. Multiple metrics are considered in determining appropriate triage at the time of assessment. Due to the complexity of healthcare intervention, patients are often under- or over-triaged. Initiatives to reduce incorrect triages have been developed and implemented. These initiatives, however, may be based on hindsight bias and subsequently result in inaccurate assessments of triage accuracy and lead to improper triage-based education initiatives. This submission proposes the application of the SE
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Römeis, Fabio, Fabian Herweg, and Daniel Müller. "Salience Bias and Overwork." Games 13, no. 1 (2022): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/g13010015.

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In this study, we enrich a standard principal–agent model with hidden action by introducing salience-biased perception on the agent’s side. The agent’s misguided focus on salient payoffs, which leads the agent’s and the principal’s probability assessments to diverge, has two effects: First, the agent focuses too much on obtaining a bonus, which facilitates incentive provision. Second, the principal may exploit the diverging probability assessments to relax participation. We show that salience bias can reverse the nature of the inefficiency arising from moral hazard; i.e., the principal does no
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Beg, Sabrin, Anne Fitzpatrick, and Adrienne M. Lucas. "Gender Bias in Assessments of Teacher Performance." AEA Papers and Proceedings 111 (May 1, 2021): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20211126.

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To measure whether principals exhibit gender bias when assessing teacher effectiveness, we compare principals' subjective evaluations against teachers' self-evaluations and objective effectiveness in Ghanaian primary schools. Female and male teachers rate themselves equivalently. Principals are 11 percentage points less likely to rate a female teacher as "more effective," but female teachers are objectively more effective based on student learning. Principals assess the least effective male teacher as more effective than the objectively most effective female teacher. We corroborate results wit
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Wind, Stefanie A., and Yuan Ge. "Detecting Rater Bias in Mixed-Format Assessments." Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives 22, no. 1 (2024): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15366367.2023.2173468.

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Siegelman, Jeffrey N., Michelle Lall, Lindsay Lee, Tim P. Moran, Joshua Wallenstein, and Bijal Shah. "Gender Bias in Simulation-Based Assessments of Emergency Medicine Residents." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 10, no. 4 (2018): 411–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-18-00059.1.

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ABSTRACT Background Gender-related disparities persist in medicine and medical education. Prior work has found differences in medical education assessments based on gender. Objective We hypothesized that gender bias would be mitigated in a simulation-based assessment. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of emergency medicine residents at a single, urban residency program. Beginning in spring 2013, residents participated in mandatory individual simulation assessments. Twelve simulated cases were included in this study. Rating forms mapped milestone language to specific observable
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Zhang, Jianrong, Yiyin Zhang, Shiyan Tang, et al. "Systematic bias between blinded independent central review and local assessment: literature review and analyses of 76 phase III randomised controlled trials in 45 688 patients with advanced solid tumour." BMJ Open 8, no. 9 (2018): e017240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017240.

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ObjectiveUnbiased assessment of tumour response is crucial in randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Blinded independent central review is usually used as a supplemental or monitor to local assessment but is costly. The aim of this study is to investigate whether systematic bias existed in RCTs by comparing the treatment effects of efficacy endpoints between central and local assessments.DesignLiterature review, pooling analysis and correlation analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, from 1 January 2010 to 30 June 2017.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesEligible articles are phase III RCTs comparing
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Masters, Geofferey N. "Anchor Tests, Score Equating and Sex Bias." Australian Journal of Education 32, no. 1 (1988): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494418803200102.

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This paper discusses the use of anchor tests (scaling tests) to bring two or more sets of scores to a common scale. Particular attention is given to the rescaling of school-based assessments against an external test or examination and to potential sources of bias in this procedure. The need for routine validity checks is emphasized, and a latent trait approach to constructing a statistical framework for tests and examination score equating is described and illustrated. Bias caused by rescaling school assessments against an inappropriate anchor test is illustrated using a 1984 attempt to rescal
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Cooney, Carisa M., Pathik Aravind, C. Scott Hultman, et al. "An Analysis of Gender Bias in Plastic Surgery Resident Assessment." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 13, no. 4 (2021): 500–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-20-01394.1.

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ABSTRACT Background Previous studies have shown men and women attending physicians rate or provide operating room (OR) autonomy differently to men and women residents, with men attendings providing higher ratings and more OR autonomy to men residents. Particularly with the advent of competency-based training in plastic surgery, differential advancement of trainees influenced by gender bias could have detrimental effects on resident advancement and time to graduation. Objective We determined if plastic surgery residents are assessed differently according to gender. Methods Three institutions' O
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bias of assessments"

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Ramineni, Chaitanya. "Rater contrast effects in performance assessments using the medical licensure examination." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 167 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1654488081&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Wandall, Birgitte. "Influences on toxicological risk assessments." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Filosofi och teknikhistoria, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4365.

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Hou, Wenliang. "How Accurate are Retirees' Assessments of Their Retirement Risk?:." Thesis, Boston College, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108826.

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Thesis advisor: Peter Ireland<br>Retirees with limited financial resources face numerous risks, including out-living their money (longevity risk), investment losses (market risk), unexpected health expenses (health risk), the unforeseen needs of family members (family risk), and even retirement benefit cuts (policy risk). This study systematically values and ranks the financial impacts of these risks from both the objective and subjective perspectives and then compares them to show the gaps between retirees’ actual risks and their perceptions of the risks in a unified framework. It finds that
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Wegener, Duane Theodore. "The flexible correction model : using naive theories of bias to correct assessments of targets." Connect to resource, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1234615264.

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Matthews-López, Joy Lynn. "Best practices and technical issues in cross-lingual, cross-cultural assessments an evaluation of a test adaptation /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2003. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1082054025.

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Zhang, Feng. "Climate change assessment for the southeastern United States." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45770.

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Water resource planning and management practices in the southeastern United States may be vulnerable to climate change. This vulnerability has not been quantified, and decision makers, although generally concerned, are unable to appreciate the extent of the possible impact of climate change nor formulate and adopt mitigating management strategies. Thus, this dissertation aims to fulfill this need by generating decision worthy data and information using an integrated climate change assessment framework. To begin this work, we develop a new joint variable spatial downscaling technique for stat
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Hura, Geraldine M. "The Effects of Rater and Leader Gender on Ratings of Leader Effectiveness and Attributes in a Business Environment." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1134568571.

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Swafford, Marshall. "Assessment of references to agriculture in a middle grade science textbook." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4316.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (July 11, 2006) Includes bibliographical references.
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Randall, Chelsea V. "An Assessment of Therapist Attitudes Toward Polyamorous People." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1624528180682492.

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Ataya, Alia. "Assessment of cognitive bias in social alcohol users." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555655.

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Aims: The presence of cognitive bias towards drug-related cues is thought to play a pivotal role in the maintenance of substance use related psychopathologies. The aims of this thesis were to investigate 1) the presence of cognitive bias; 2) the effects of acute alcohol consumption (0.0 g/kg, 0.13 g/kg, 0.40 glkg) on the presence of cognitive bias; 3) whether lexical or pictorial cues are more effective in eliciting cognitive bias 4) whether the pictorial cue (active, passive) employed influences the presence of cognitive bias; 5) the psychometric properties of cognitive bias measurements (mod
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Books on the topic "Bias of assessments"

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Educational Resources Information Center (U.S.), ed. Making appropriate & ethical choices in large-scale assessments: A model policy code. North Central Regional Educational Laboratory, 1994.

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O'Dwyer, Shaun. Handbook of Confucianism in Modern Japan. Amsterdam University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463725286.

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In mainstream assessments of Confucianism's modern genealogy there is a Sinocentric bias which is in part the result of a general neglect of modern Japanese Confucianism by political and moral philosophers and intellectual historians during the post-war era. The essays in this volume can be read for the insight they provide into the intellectual and ideological proclivities of reformers, educators and philosophers explicitly reconstructing Confucian thought, or more tacitly influenced by it, during critical phases in Japan’s modernization, imperialist expansionism and post-1945 reconstitution
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Raymond, Mark R. Detecting and correcting for rater effects in performance assessment. American College Testing Program, 1990.

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Gargi, Roysircar, and Impara James C, eds. Multicultural assessment in counseling and clinical psychology. Buros Institute of Mental Measurements, 1996.

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L, Nettles Arie, and Nettles Michael T. 1955-, eds. Measuring up: Challenges minorities face in educational assessment. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.

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Liell, Glenda C., Lawrence F. Jones, and Martin J. Fisher. Challenging Bias in Forensic Psychological Assessment and Testing. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003230977.

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V, Hamayan Else, and Damico Jack Samual, eds. Limiting bias in the assessment of bilingual students. Pro-Ed, 1991.

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Hedges, Larry V. A study of equating NAEP. American Institutes for Research in the Behavioral Sciences, 1997.

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J, Sutton A., and Borenstein Michael, eds. Publication bias in meta-analysis: Prevention, assessment and adjustments. Wiley, 2005.

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1957-, Xie Yunbo, and Pacific Salmon Commission, eds. Assessment of potential bias in hydroacoustic estimation of Fraser River sockeye and pink salmon at Mission, B.C. Pacific Salmon Commission, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bias of assessments"

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van de Vijver, Fons J. R., and Jia He. "Bias Assessment and Prevention in Noncognitive Outcome Measures in Context Assessments." In Methodology of Educational Measurement and Assessment. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45357-6_9.

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Henrich, Sören. "Critical Reflection on Gender Identity Assessments with Trans and Gender Non-Binary Individuals: Challenges, Implications, and a Newly Proposed Approach in Forensic Psychology." In Challenging Bias in Forensic Psychological Assessment and Testing. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003230977-21.

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Leslie, David. "The Ethics of Computational Social Science." In Handbook of Computational Social Science for Policy. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16624-2_4.

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AbstractThis chapter is concerned with setting up practical guardrails within the research activities and environments of Computational Social Science (CSS). It aims to provide CSS scholars, as well as policymakers and other stakeholders who apply CSS methods, with the critical and constructive means needed to ensure that their practices are ethical, trustworthy, and responsible. It begins by providing a taxonomy of the ethical challenges faced by researchers in the field of CSS. These are challenges related to (1) the treatment of research subjects, (2) the impacts of CSS research on affected
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Petersen, Isaac T. "Test Bias." In Principles of Psychological Assessment. Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003357421-16.

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Stahl, Bernd Carsten, Doris Schroeder, and Rowena Rodrigues. "Unfair and Illegal Discrimination." In Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17040-9_2.

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AbstractThere is much debate about the ways in which artificial intelligence (AI) systems can include and perpetuate biases and lead to unfair and often illegal discrimination against individuals on the basis of protected characteristics, such as age, race, gender and disability. This chapter describes three cases of such discrimination. It starts with an account of the use of AI in hiring decisions that led to discrimination based on gender. The second case explores the way in which AI can lead to discrimination when applied in law enforcement. The final example looks at implications of bias
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Mellenbergh, G. J. "Explaining Item Bias." In Human Assessment: Cognition and Motivation. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4406-0_61.

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Suter, Glenn W. "Bias, Fraud, and Error." In Fundamentals of Environmental Assessment. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003156307-22.

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Schulzke, Sven. "Assessment of Publication Bias." In Principles and Practice of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71921-0_5.

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Kamphaus, Randy W. "Culture and Bias." In Clinical Assessment of Child and Adolescent Intelligence. Springer US, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-29149-9_6.

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Poortinga, Y. H. "Conceptual Implications of Bias." In Human Assessment: Cognition and Motivation. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4406-0_60.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bias of assessments"

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Chen, Jacky, Warren Reed, and Ziba Gandomkar. "Mitigating visual hindsight bias in radiology: can education alter perceptual decision making?" In Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment, edited by Jovan G. Brankov and Mark A. Anastasio. SPIE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3048627.

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Melamed, Dennis, Cameron Johnson, Isaac D. Gerg, et al. "Uncovering Bias in Building Damage Assessment from Satellite Imagery." In IGARSS 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642347.

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Burkhardt, Felix, Bagus Tris Atmaja, Anna Derington, Florian Eyben, and Bjorn Schuller. "Check Your Audio Data: Nkululeko for Bias Detection." In 2024 27th Conference of the Oriental COCOSDA International Committee for the Co-ordination and Standardisation of Speech Databases and Assessment Techniques (O-COCOSDA). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/o-cocosda64382.2024.10800580.

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Wind, Stefanie. "Detecting Rater Bias in Mixed-Format Assessments." In AERA 2023. AERA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/ip.23.2001846.

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Gosciak, Jennah, Aparna Balagopalan, Derek Ouyang, Allison Koenecke, Marzyeh Ghassemi, and Daniel E. Ho. "Bias Delayed is Bias Denied? Assessing the Effect of Reporting Delays on Disparity Assessments." In FAccT '25: The 2025 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency. ACM, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1145/3715275.3732123.

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Veereddy, Deepak, Sameh G. Khalil, Hari Kannan, et al. "Reverse bias lifetime reliability assessments of HV GaN power device." In 2017 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irps.2017.7936281.

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Asgarian, B., and M. M. Amiri. "Effect of Structural Member Uncertainties in the Jacket Type Offshore Platform Assessments." In 25th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2006-92250.

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In the assessment of an old jacket type offshore platform, the Reserve Strength Ratio (RSR) should be computed and it is used for accepting or rejecting the platform for the future. There are many parameters affecting the Reserve Strength Ratio of such a structure. One of the important parameter is the bias factor (Br) of the structural element ultimate capacity. The bias factor is defined as the ratio of best estimate or true values to the nominal or predicted values. This parameter must be obtained for all structural elements including bracing members (in buckling or tension), joint strength
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Iskra, Andrej, Tara Tkalec, and Helena Gabrijelčič Tomc. "INTRODUCTION OF PEER EVALUATION IN THE STUDY OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS - OBSERVATIONS ON THE POSSIBILITY OF INVOLVING STUDENTS IN THE EVALUATION PROCESS OF 3D VISUALISATIONS." In INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GRAPHIC ENGINEERING AND DESIGN. UNIVERSITY OF NOVI SAD FACULTY OF TECHNICAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF GRAPHIC ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 21000 Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 6, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2024-p83.

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This study examines the impact of incorporating ICT-enhanced peer evaluation throughout the course of 3D modelling, including midterm and final assessments. Rubrics for peer evaluation were developed to ensure structured and consistent assessment of student work, focusing on criteria such as clarity, objectivity, feedback and overall effectiveness. The practical component involved designing peer assessment forms, implementing these assessments in the classroom and comparing teacher and student assessments. As part of the study, students were required to create 10 landscape-themed visualization
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Chen, Pengxu, and Kaiyuan Zhang. "Discussion on Uncertainty and Bias in Enterprise Valuation Assessments using DCF Model." In 2022 7th International Conference on Financial Innovation and Economic Development (ICFIED 2022). Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220307.037.

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King, Jennifer, Daniel Ho, Arushi Gupta, Victor Wu, and Helen Webley-Brown. "The Privacy-Bias Tradeoff: Data Minimization and Racial Disparity Assessments in U.S. Government." In FAccT '23: the 2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency. ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3593013.3594015.

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Reports on the topic "Bias of assessments"

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Blanchard, Alexander, and Laura Bruun. Bias in Military Artificial Intelligence. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 2024. https://doi.org/10.55163/cjft9557.

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To support states involved in the policy debate on military artificial intelligence (AI), this background paper provides a deeper examination of the issue of bias in military AI. Three insights arise. First, policymakers could usefully develop an account of bias in military AI that captures shared concern around unfairness. If so, ‘bias in military AI’ might be taken to refer to the systemically skewed performance of a military AI system that leads to unjustifiably different behaviours—which may perpetuate or exacerbate harmful or discriminatory outcomes—depending on such social characteristic
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Forde, Jessica. Effects of Social Desirability Bias on Self-Report and Non Self-Report Assessments During Smoking Cessation. Defense Technical Information Center, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1013410.

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Raju, Nivedita, and Laura Bruun. Integrating Gender Perspectives into International Humanitarian Law. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/qilu7567.

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International humanitarian law (IHL) aims to limit the impacts of armed conflict through rules and protections. However, while IHL seemingly accords protection to ‘all persons’, it may fail to do so, especially on the basis of gender. In turn, failure to include gender perspectives in IHL can result in inaccurate assessments of civilian harm. This paper explores the missing gender perspectives in IHL and proposes that they be integrated with intersectional considerations. The paper first examines inherent gender bias in the wording of certain IHL rules, highlighting several issues including ge
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Benites, Miguel, and Eric Parrado. Mirror, Mirror on the Wall: Which Jobs Will AI Replace After All?: A New Index of Occupational Exposure. Inter-American Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0013125.

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This paper introduces the AI Generated Index of Occupational Exposure (GENOE), a novel measure quantifying the potential impact of artificial intelligence on occupations and their associated tasks. Our methodology employs synthetic AI surveys, leveraging large language models to conduct expert-like assessments. This approach allows for a more comprehensive evaluation of job replacement likelihood, minimizing human bias and reducing assumptions about the mechanisms through which AI innovations could replace job tasks and skills. The index not only considers task automation, but also contextual
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Hsieh, Patrick, Eric Apaydin, Robert G. Briggs, et al. Diagnosis and Treatment of Tethered Spinal Cord. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer274.

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Objectives. To summarize the evidence regarding diagnosis, prophylactic treatment, symptomatic treatment, and repeat surgery of tethered spinal cord. Data sources. We searched PubMed®, Embase®, CINAHL, Web of Science, SCOPUS, clinicaltrials.gov, ICTRP, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PROSPERO, ECRI repository, G-I-N, MagicApp, and ClinicalKey from inception to March 2024; reference-mined reviews; and contacted research authors. Review methods. The review followed a detailed protocol and was supported by a Technical Expert Panel. Systematic review software (DistillerSR) was utilized fo
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Tipton, Kelley, Brian F. Leas, Emilia Flores, et al. Impact of Healthcare Algorithms on Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health and Healthcare. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer268.

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Objectives. To examine the evidence on whether and how healthcare algorithms (including algorithm-informed decision tools) exacerbate, perpetuate, or reduce racial and ethnic disparities in access to healthcare, quality of care, and health outcomes, and examine strategies that mitigate racial and ethnic bias in the development and use of algorithms. Data sources. We searched published and grey literature for relevant studies published between January 2011 and February 2023. Based on expert guidance, we determined that earlier articles are unlikely to reflect current algorithms. We also hand-se
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Peterson, Bradley S., Joey Trampush, Margaret Maglione, et al. ADHD Diagnosis and Treatment in Children and Adolescents. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer267.

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Objective. The systematic review assessed evidence on the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents to inform a planned update of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines. Data sources. We searched PubMed®, Embase®, PsycINFO®, ERIC, clinicaltrials.gov, and prior reviews for primary studies published since 1980. The report includes studies published to June 15, 2023. Review methods. The review followed a detailed protocol and was supported by a Technical Expert Panel. Citation screening was facilitated by machi
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Thomas, Sandy, Peter Gregory, Sarah O’Brien, et al. Rapid Evidence Review 1 on the Critical Appraisal of Third-Party Evidence. Food Standards Agency, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.elm525.

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The Food Standards Agency (FSA) always seeks to ensure that itsrecommendations are made on the best-available evidence. Following a request from the FSA Chair, the Science Council have sought to provide a framework that can guide those seeking to submit uncommissioned evidence to the FSA on its scientific principles and standards.The Science Councils proposed framework is based on the principles of quality, trustand robustness. By being transparent about the FSA’s minimal expectations, we aim to help those who wish to submit evidence, typically in an effort to fill a perceived evidence gap orc
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Kaffenberger, Michelle, and Lant Pritchett. Women’s Education May Be Even Better Than We Thought: Estimating the Gains from Education When Schooling Ain’t Learning. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2020/049.

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Women’s schooling has long been regarded as one of the best investments in development. Using two different cross-nationally comparable data sets which both contain measures of schooling, assessments of literacy, and life outcomes for more than 50 countries, we show the association of women’s education (defined as schooling and the acquisition of literacy) with four life outcomes (fertility, child mortality, empowerment, and financial practices) is much larger than the standard estimates of the gains from schooling alone. First, estimates of the association of outcomes with schooling alone can
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Bassi, Marina, María Mercedes Mateo-Berganza Díaz, and Rae Lesser Blumberg. Under the "Cloak of Invisibility": Gender Bias in Teaching Practices and Learning Outcomes. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011737.

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This paper analyzes gender bias in teaching in low-performing schools in Chile. To carry out the analyses, the authors used videotaped classes for fourth graders and coded 237 tapings. Results show a general (although not uniform) bias in teachers' actions that resulted in less attention to female students. Gender bias had an even greater effect in classrooms where the teachers had worse interactions with students. Results show that less effective teachers (according to the Classroom Assessment Scoring System, or CLASS) show a larger gender bias. Greater gender bias is also correlated with low
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