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Journal articles on the topic 'Bishop Independence'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Harris, Liam H., Stephanie Perkins, and Paul A. Roach. "Bishop Independence on the Surface of a Square Prism." Recreational Mathematics Magazine 8, no. 15 (2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rmm-2021-0007.

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Abstract Bishop Independence concerns determining the maximum number of bishops that can be placed on a board such that no bishop can attack any other bishop. This paper presents the solution to the bishop independence problem, determining the bishop independence number, for all sizes of boards on the surface of a square prism.

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Harris, Liam. "Bishop Independence." British Journal of Mathematics & Computer Science 3, no. 4 (2013): 835–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjmcs/2013/5760.

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Mbenzi, Petrus Angula. "An analysis of linguistic features in the selected speeches of Bishop Kleopas Dumeni in the pre-independence era in Namibia." JULACE: Journal of the University of Namibia Language Centre 3, no. 2 (2018): 74–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32642/julace.v3i2.1386.

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Linguistic features were used by Bishop Kleopas Dumeni of Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia (ELCIN) in the pre-independence era to persuade the audience to support the struggle for independence. Bishop Kleopas Dumeni used linguistic devices in an attempt to convince his target audience that the Namibians suffered a great deal at the hands of the colonial authorities. Thus international community support was desired to break the shackles of colonialism. Although Bishop Kleopas Dumeni employed various linguistic features in his speeches as a tool to whip up support for struggle for independ

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Mbenzi, Petrus Angula. "A discourse analysis of the second Aristotelian canon, arrangement, in the selected speeches of Bishop Dumeni." JULACE: Journal of the University of Namibia Language Centre 3, no. 1 (2018): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32642/julace.v3i1.1373.

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This study investigates arrangement in the speeches of Bishop Kleopas Dumeni. The paper hinges on an Aristotelian theory of rhetoric. Aristotle divides arrangement into the following components, exordium (introduction), narratio (statement of facts), partitio (division), confirmatio (proof), refutatio (refutation) and peroratio (conclusion). These components of arrangement were used to evaluate arrangement in the speech of Bishop Kleopas Dumeni. Bishop Dumeniconducted various speeches calling for the independence of Namibia from 1979 to 1988. However, the speeches of Bishop Dumeni were not sub

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Pyczel, Joanna Gabriela. "Organizacja i funkcjonowanie duszpasterstwa wyznania prawosławnego w Wojsku Polskim na Zachodzie w latach 1943-1945." Elpis 22 (2020): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/elpis.2020.22.01.

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In 1943 significant change occurred in the history of the Orthodox military pastoral ministry in the Polish Armed Forces in the West. It was related to the appointment of a military Orthodox bishop. This function was taken over by the former Bishop of Grodno-Nowogrodek Sawa (Sovetov). He was considered to be the only hierarch of the Polish Autocephalous Orthodox Church, which remained faithful to the principles of autocephaly. His efforts to defend the independence of Polish Orthodoxy were indispensable at the time. The period during which Bishop Sawa performed the function of military Orthodo

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Chatham, Doug. "Independence and domination on shogiboard graphs." Recreational Mathematics Magazine 4, no. 8 (2017): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rmm-2017-0018.

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Abstract Given a (symmetrically-moving) piece from a chesslike game, such as shogi, and an n×n board, we can form a graph with a vertex for each square and an edge between two vertices if the piece can move from one vertex to the other. We consider two pieces from shogi: the dragon king, which moves like a rook and king from chess, and the dragon horse, which moves like a bishop and rook from chess. We show that the independence number for the dragon kings graph equals the independence number for the queens graph. We show that the (independent) domination number of the dragon kings graph is n

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Wilk, Stanisław. "Ustanowienie stosunków dyplomatycznych między odrodzoną Rzeczpospolitą Polską a Stolicą Apostolską." Teka Komisji Historycznej 15 (2018): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/teka.2018.15-2.

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The process of establishing diplomatic contacts between the Second Polish Republic and the See of Rome is a testimony to the efforts of the metropolitan bishop and the member of the Regency Council archbishop Aleksander Kakowski concerning the arrival of the See’s diplomatic representative to the Kingdom of Poland. The representative was hoped to help the Polish bishops in rebuilding shattered church organization and religious life of the congregation. In reply to the Polish bishops’ plea of 25 May 1918, Pope Benedict XV nominated the prefect of the Vatican Library prelate Achilles Ratti as an

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Subotić, Mile. "Theophan Fan Noli: Albanian American hierarch, politician, and writer." Sabornost, no. 14 (2020): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sabornost2014177s.

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Metropolitan Theophan Fan Noli was a leader of the Church both in America and his native Albania. He was a pioneer in calling for a united Orthodox Church in America and in the use of English in services. Noli began his life of service in the Church in the United States organizing Albanian parishes. With the Balkan Wars and the independence of Albania, Fan Noli devoted more of his time to the cause of Albania. He was Prime Minister of Albania in 1924. After a change in political climate, Bishop Theophan was forced to leave Albania. He was able to return to the United States in 1932. Upon arriv

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Wolińska, Teresa. "Wschodnie patriarchaty wobec sporu dotyczącego tytułu „patriarcha ekumeniczny”." Vox Patrum 58 (December 15, 2012): 59–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.4069.

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The struggle for primacy in the Universal Church was first started between Rome and Alexandria, but in the middle of 5th Century it was Constantinople that became the most important rival of Rome. The increasing position of the Constantinopolitan bishop was caused by the fact that at the turn of the 4th century the city became capital of the Empire. So, it was the emperor’s interest to give to the bishop of their capital the same rights as those of the bishops of the Old Rome. The growing importance and authority of Constantinopolitan bishops reflected the needs and natural evolution, so it wa

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Salmoiraghi, Davide. "The Pope of Iceland? Gizurr Ísleifsson and the Gregorian Reform in the Medieval North." Studies in Church History 61 (May 20, 2025): 168–85. https://doi.org/10.1017/stc.2024.36.

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In 1053, the archdiocese of Hamburg-Bremen became patriarchate of the North as part of a process of centralization with which the Curia sought control over Scandinavia and the North Atlantic. Although these ambitions risked being cut short by the German archbishops, who aspired to larger margins of independence, Gregory VII (1073–85) was able to secure the Icelandic diocese of Skálholt as a supporter of Roman reforming ideals. Bishop Gizurr Ísleifsson (1082–1118) maintained direct contacts with the Curia and organized the Icelandic church as a loyal Gregorian agent. In the absence of royal and

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Pedro, Antonio E. de, and Norma Ordoñez. "La lealtad insuficiente. Las dos últimas cartas de Manuel Abad y Queipo al rey Fernando VII." Cuadernos de Estudios del Siglo XVIII, no. 22 (October 6, 2017): 93–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/cesxviii.22.2012.93-119.

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Este texto analiza los contenidos de las dos últimas cartas que el eclesiástico y antiguo obispo de Michoacán Manuel Abad y Queipo le envía al rey español Fernando VII, en enero y mayo de 1825, solicitándole la exoneración de los cargos en su contra y excarcelación, en virtud de los servicios y lealtad que siempre le había profesado al soberano y la monarquía española.PALABRAS CLAVEManuel Abad y Queipo, Fernando VII, Constitución de Cádiz, absolutismo, Trienio Liberal, independencia de México.This text analizes the contents of the last two letters that the asturian ecclesiastic and former bish

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Steinberg, Burkhard. "The Peculiars of the University of Cambridge." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 15, no. 1 (2012): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x12000816.

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Are the University of Cambridge and its colleges peculiars? The university has always claimed independence from episcopal authority for itself and its colleges. A struggle was resolved in 1434 by a tribunal set up by the Pope, in which the Prior of the monastery of Barnwell heard both sides and decided that the University and its colleges were to be exempt from the supervision of the Archbishop of Canterbury and of the Bishop of Ely, in whose diocese the University was situated. This became known as the Barnwell Process. It established the University and it colleges as peculiars defined as hav

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Kolodnyi, Anatolii, and Liudmyla Fylypovych. "The building gift of Bishop Sofron Mudryi: Church-Education-Culture." Good Parson: scientific bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk Academy of John Chrysostom. Theology. Philosophy. History 1, no. 19 (2024): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.52761/2522-1558.2024.19.1.7.

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Behind the scant encyclopedic information about Sofron Stefan Mudryi, whose 100th birthday we are celebrating, Bishop of Ivano-Frankivsk of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, there appears a majestic figure of a builder - a builder of the Church, education, and culture. Today we sincerely wonder how this man concentrated so much intelligence - not for nothing that he was called Mudryi (Sofron means prudent in Greek), so many talents, so much faith, so much love, so much efficiency, so much patriotism. Sofron Mudryi is one of the famous Ukrainians in the diaspora who made a fateful decision i

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Buti, Daniel, and Alexandru Radu. "The Romanian Electoral Management Body: Between the Governmental Model and the Independent Model." Romanian Journal of Political Science 23, no. 2 (2023): 71–83. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13624101.

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This study examines the Romanian Electoral Management Body (EMB), focusing on its dualistic structure. It distinguishes between the formal independence and functional independence of electoral management institutions and proposes a qualitative evaluation of the Permanent Electoral Authority (AEP) and the Central Electoral Bureau (BEC). The analysis is anchored in the context of the three EMB models, independent, governmental, and mixed, providing a framework for understanding the Romanian system. The findings indicate that the Romanian EMB exhibits formal independence but faces a political inf

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15

MOLNAR, Fedir. "THE HISTORY OF THE GREEK CATHOLIC EPARCHY OF MUKACHEVO IN 1848–1849." Ukraine: Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood 37 (2023): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/ukr.2023-37-45-56.

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The article addresses the problem of role of the Greek Catholic Eparchy of Mukachevo in the Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence of 1848–1849. Considerable attention is paid to analyze the religious and political activity of Bishop Vasyl Popovych of Mukachevo. The author highlights that the spring events of 1848 created a new situation in Hungary. First in the history of the country a government accountable to the legislation was formed, whose first measures included the abolishment of serfdom. The so-called «April Laws» of 1848 sanctioned by Ferdinand V, the Habsburg king of Hungary h

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16

Da Silva, Fernando Caldeira. "THE ROLE OF THE CHRISTIAN COUNCIL OF MOZAMBIQUE IN THE COLONIAL WAR (1964-1974) AND IN CIVIL WARS (1977-2014): CHRISTIANS IN COLONIAL WARS." Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae 41, no. 1 (2015): 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2412-4265/105.

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Founded in 1948, the Christian Council of Mozambique (Conselho Cristão de Moçambique - CCM) is an institution which contributed to the Colonial War (1964-1974) and to ending the Civil Wars (1977-1992) (2012-2014). the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace and World Affairs informed the CCM ideals on ‘sustainable development’.2 By the latter’s evangelisation and teaching, leaders such as Eduardo C. Mondlane were produced for the independence of Mozambique.3 After independence the CCM embarked on facilitated dialogue, bringing peace to a nation torn apart by two belligerent parties, REnAMO4 and fRe

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17

Gratsianskiy, Mikhail, and Konstantin Norkin. "In the Service of the Empire: Pope Zosimus and the Roman Synod of 417." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 6 (February 2021): 6–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2020.6.1.

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Introduction. The brief pontificate of Pope Zosimus (417–418) was marked by the Roman Synod in September 417, the decisions of which were of great importance both for the subsequent church-administrative development of Southern Gaul and for the development of the concept of papal primacy. Methods. The task of the authors of the article is to analyse the church-political actions of Pope Zosimus in the broad historical context of the early 5th c. and to determine the degree of his independence in decision-making. Analysis. The article analyses the measures of the Ravenna court to restore control

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18

Williams, C. Peter. "From Church to Mission: An Examination of the Official Missionary Strategy of the Church Missionary Society on the Niger, 1887–93." Studies in Church History 23 (1986): 391–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042420840001072x.

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Crowther’s consecration in 1864 did not produce a church on the Niger which was entirely independent of the CMS. It remained financially dependent. Nonetheless, though technically still a mission, it had a very great deal of independence and, in some respects, it seemed to symbolize the Venn ideal - a self-governing native church. That the events of the nineties in the Niger represented a major disenchantment with Henry Venn’s vision of an independent church under African administration cannot be questioned. The curtailment of Bishop Crowther’s powers, the appointment of European missionaries

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19

Gusmão, Xanana. "Eyes on the prize." Index on Censorship 26, no. 2 (1997): 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030642209702600214.

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The thousands of people who welcomed Nobel prize-winner Bishop Carlos Belo back to Dili on 24 December were also carrying posters of Xanana Gusmão. The charismatic former leader of the Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor (Fretilin) has been in prison in Jakarta since 1992, serving a 20-year sentence for rebellion and possession of firearms. Gusmão, a poet and former seminary student, spent 11 years leading the armed resistance in the Timorese jungle. In 1989 he became leader of the National Council of Maubere Resistance (CNRM), a newly formed alliance of pro-independence groups.

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20

OLAYINKA, Olumuyiwa Paul, Rebecca Ufuoma DAVIES, and Olukemi Bolade ADESINA. "Religious Exemplifications as Post-Colonial Dialogue in Ahmed Yerima's The Angel and The Bishop." International Journal of Religions and Peacebuilding 2, no. 2 (2025): 28–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15253055.

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The thematic preoccupation of dramatic endeavours among most African playwrights often highlight lived experiences of Africans. Therefore, the theatre space provides the avenue where such lived experiences are re-enacted, and challenged. Ahmed Yerima's theatrical endeavour follows in this pursuit, with creative dimensions. The objective of the study is to examine the selected plays of Ahmed Yerima as his perspective to the reality of religious malpractices, a major part of the bane of post-independence Nigeria that has hampered growth and development. The theoretical framework for the work is

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21

Jantzen, Kyle. "Totalitarianism: Propaganda, Perseverance, and Protest: Strategies for Clerical Survival Amid the German Church Struggle." Church History 70, no. 2 (2001): 295–327. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3654455.

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The Protestant historiography of the German Church Struggle has been shaped largely by its attention to two fundamental issues. The first has been the intrachurch struggle dominated by two churchpolitical factions: the Faith Movement of the German Christians and the Confessing Church. German Christians whole-heartedly endorsed the government of Adolf Hitler, campaigned to align the organization, theology, and practice of the twenty-eight German Protestant Land Churches with the racial and authoritarian values of the National Socialist regime and worked to create a centralized Reich church unde

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Wilson, John-Paul. "Church, State, and Society during the Nicaraguan Revolution." Diálogos Latinoamericanos 10, no. 16 (2009): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/dl.v10i16.113580.

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The course of the Church's history in Nicaragua had changedfrom an institution led by a martyred Bishop protecting Indianrights before Rome and the Spanish King to one largelyconcerned with protecting its own interests followingNicaragua’s independence to one that had come to terms with itsmission to save souls and to serve its people. However, many ofthose who took the initiative to bring the Church toward a morehumanitarian orientation in modern times had allowedthemselves to become the tool of a revolutionary politicalmovement whose aim was to perpetuate its own power.Ironically, those who

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Egbunu, Emmanuel A. S. "Anglicanism in Africa: History, Identity, and Mission." Unio Cum Christo 8, no. 2 (2022): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.35285/ucc8.2.2022.art12.

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A historical perspective is a vital part of insight into Anglicanism in Africa. This article assesses the role of missionaries when colonialists and missionaries were often perceived as collaborators. Further, the African nations’ struggle for independence impacted issues of identity and enculturation, so it offers a review of the place of African cultural and religious practices in this new faith, including the place of the uneducated in a seemingly elite religion and how addressing this necessitated liturgical renewal and other adaptations. Finally, it will look at the Anglican mission in Af

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Stępkowski, Aleksander. "Wawrzyniec Grzymała Goślicki - życie i działalność." Prawo Kanoniczne 42, no. 1-2 (1999): 225–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/pk.1999.42.1-2.09.

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The article is sacrificed to the person of Wawrzyniec Grzymała Goślicki (Laurentius Grimaldus Goslicus), senator and bishop of Poland, author of the political treaties De optimo senatore. The treaties is one of less known in Poland, but was very popular in England, where it was published in English three times (The Counsellor [1598], A Comonwealth of good counsaile [1607], The Accomplished Senator [1733]). We do knowalso that the treaty was twice plagiarised, first in Germany as Jurisprudentiae Politicae, apud Antonium Hummium (1611), second one was The Sage Senator published in England (1660)

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Bujak, Grzegorz. "Decanal Conferences of Priests in the Diocese of Kielce in Interwar Poland." Roczniki Humanistyczne 66, no. 2 SELECTED PAPERS IN ENGLISH (2019): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rh.2018.66.2-6se.

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The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 57 (2009), issue 2. After Poland regained independence the role of priests’ deanery conferences gained more importance. Regular deanery conventions of the clergy positively influenced pastoral work, established order in it as well as unifying its goals and methods. They also played an important role in solving the problems of local priests concerning their living standards. The bishop appreciated the significance of deanery conferences, judging them to be an important element of the system of management and

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Kartika, Bambang Aris, Nanik Sri Prihatini, Sri Hastanto, and Dharsono Dharsono. "SOEGIJA BIOPIC FILM, POLITICAL AFIRMATION, AND POLITICAL IDENTITY: DECONSTRUCTION OF INDONESIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY." Capture : Jurnal Seni Media Rekam 12, no. 1 (2020): 28–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33153/capture.v12i1.3111.

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Soegija's movie is a biopic film based on the historiography of the highest leaders of the people and the Catholic church in Indonesia. Soegija's film is an antithesis of Indonesian historiography so far, especially the historiography of the era of the Indonesian independence revolution. This article discusses the political affirmation and identity politics of Soegija's film from the perspective of Derrida's Deconstruction. Derrida's Deconstruction approach and historical methodology consisting of Heuristics, Hermeneutics, and internal criticism are used to understand the position of Soegija's

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Smyrnov, Andrii. "THE UKRAINIAN ORTHODOX COMMUNITY IN NORTH AMERICA DURING THE INTERWAR PERIOD." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Ostrozʹka akademìâ". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki 1, no. 34 (2023): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2023-34-123-127.

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The article deals with the development of the Ukrainian Orthodox movement on the North American continent during the interwar period. It began with the mass conversion of Greek Catholics to Orthodoxy and led to the establishing of two separate church communities in Canada and the United States. The first UOC-USA parishes were founded in 1919, mostly by former Ukrainian Catholics from Galicia or Orthodox from Transcarpathia and Bukovyna. In 1924 Archbishop Ioan Teodorovych of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox church, formed in Kyiv, was dispatched to serve as a hierarch for the new churches

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Synowiec, Andrzej. "Duchowieństwo Kościoła katolickiego wobec polskich zrywów niepodległościowych w XIX wieku – przypadek Ludwika Łętowskiego (1786–1868)." Prace Historyczne 151, no. 1 (2024): 205–18. https://doi.org/10.4467/20844069ph.24.014.20413.

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The aim of this article is to showcase the complex problem of the attitude of Catholic Church, and specifically its clergy, to the Polish uprisings in the 19th century. Ludwik Łętowski was a member of the Senate of the Republic of Cracow, who first strongly supported the November Uprising – this “historical mission of Poles,” – and then, as an auxiliary bishop of Cracow, strongly opposed the Cracow Uprising, which he called a “comic brawl.” Łętowski also criticized the January Uprising. It is difficult to unequivocally assess the attitude of the Catholic Church to the Polish national uprisings

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Crișan, Alexandru-Marius. "Pierre Claverie: Decolonising Mission." Religions 13, no. 3 (2022): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13030197.

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In the early 1980s, the Catholic Church in Algeria was experiencing upheaval, having been depopulated almost overnight when the great majority of Catholic Christians had left the country and resettled in France or elsewhere after the Algerian proclamation of independence two decades earlier. The remaining Christians were regarded not only as a reduced minority but mostly as a reminding symbol of an era of political and religious colonization. The Church in Algeria was in need of a deep reflection to find a new reason for its presence in this totally new context. A man of faith, capable of illu

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Kolodnyi, Anatolii M. "The UOC-Moscow Patriarchate did not condemn Russian fascism." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 69 (May 16, 2014): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2014.69.378.

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I am reading an April 4 issue of the newspaper "Day" in an interview with the Director of the UOC of the Moscow Patriarchate Anthony. It reminds me of a well-known Ukrainian national comparison: it is yorking like a scar on a skillet. The Bishop's questions sound clear: Does your Church condemn the aggression of Russia and its annexation of Crimea? Why did not you condemn the aggressive actions of Russia Your Moscow Patriarch Kirill? No answer. The Church of the Kyiv Patriarchate or the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in the mouth of its predecessors has clearly said: We have aggression agains

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Pasquier, Michael. "“Though Their Skin Remains Brown, I Hope Their Souls Will Soon Be White”: Slavery, French Missionaries, and the Roman Catholic Priesthood in the American South, 1789–1865." Church History 77, no. 2 (2008): 337–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640708000577.

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On August 21, 1861, Bishop Auguste Marie Martin of Natchitoches, Louisiana, issued a pastoral letter “on the occasion of the War of Southern Independence.” In it, Martin argued that slavery was “the manifest will of God.” It was the will of God for Catholics to continue “snatching from the barbarity of their ferocious customs thousands of children of the race of Canaan,” the cursed progeny of Noah. It was also the obligation of Catholics to repudiate abolitionists for “upset[ting] the will of Providence” and misusing “His merciful plans for unrighteous actions.” Father Napoleon Joseph Perché,

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Софроний, Вишняк. "Практика архиерейских перемещений (метафетон) в Элладской Церкви. Часть I: 1833–1923 гг." Праксис, № 1(14) (2 листопада 2024): 74–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/praxis.2024.14.1.004.

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В исследовании рассмотрен вопрос о принципе перемещаемости (метафетоне) архиереев в Элладской Православной Церкви (ЭПЦ) в его историческом развитии. В 1-й части делаются общие замечания касательно терминологии епископских перемещений. Для обретения чётких экклезиологических оснований кратко рассмотрена каноническая и нравственная сторона вопроса. Предыстория вопроса включает в себя проблему метафетона в древней и византийской Церкви, а также в Константинопольском Патриархате, к которому относились епархии будущей ЭПЦ, в годы туркократии. Показано, что ЭПЦ подошла к своей независимости с тяжёлы

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Bugyis, Katie. "Envisioning Episcopal Exemption: The Life of Christina of Markyate." Church History 84, no. 1 (2015): 32–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000964071400170x.

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This article examines the biography of a twelfth-century English holy woman, the Life of Christina of Markyate—particularly its account of a vision that she had in which she was crowned in the likeness of a bishop's miter—within the context of campaigns undertaken by English monasteries in the late eleventh and twelfth centuries to obtain the papal privilege of full exemption from the sacramental and juridical control of their diocesan bishop. Reading Christina's vision in view of the bids for independence made by St. Albans—the community responsible for commissioning and writing her biography

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Pohl, Walter. "Ostarrîchi Revisited: The 1946 Anniversary, the Millennium, and the Medieval Roots of Austrian Identity." Austrian History Yearbook 27 (January 1996): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237800005804.

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In1996,Austriawill celebrate its millennium. As in many other cases, the chronological justifications for the anniversary are open to question. Austria has never been “founded,” and certainly not one thousand years ago; its independence is the result of a process that took centuries and cannot be symbolized by a date like July 4 in the United States. Austria's national holiday, October 26, marks the date in 1955 when the Austrian parliament voted permanent neutrality and the last of the Allied occupation troops left the country. Nobody, it is true, would doubt that Austria's history stretches

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Urbani, Bernardo, and Eckhard W. Heymann. "Late eighteenth-century depictions of Peruvian primates in the Codex Martínez Compañón and the Quadro de la Historia Natural Civil y Geográfica del Reyno del Perú." Archives of Natural History 51, no. 1 (2024): 146–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2024.0903.

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King Carlos III of Spain supported numerous scientific and intellectual enterprises in Spanish America during the eighteenth century. One was the compilation, between about 1782 and 1785, of a vast ‘paper museum’, the ‘Codex Martínez Compañón’ or ‘Codex Trujillo del Perú’, in the province of Trujillo, Peru. There, the Bishop of Trujillo, Baltasar Jaime Martínez Compañón, directed the preparation of hundreds of coloured illustrations of the people, geography and natural history of the region. Included were 17 images of mammals classified as primates from Peruvian forests. In 1789, this compilat

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Krzysztof, Filipow. "MEDAL OF THE 10TH ANNUAL OF REGAINING OF THE INDEPENDENCE OF POLAND (1928)." Ukrainian Numismatic Annual, no. 1 (December 21, 2017): 173–82. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1291766.

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The article tells the history of the formation and the existence of a commemorative medal to the 10th anniversary of the independence of the Republic of Poland, headed by Juzef Pilsudski. The introduction of such a jubilee medal, as well as some others: for example, a commemorative medal "For the War of 1918-1921", a medal to May 3, issued in 1925, the "Cross of Merits" in 1923, a medal “For the salvation of the dead” in 1928, the "Cross of the Courage", and many others – have been held for propaganda purposes and in order to strengthen patriotis

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Coşkun, Altay. "From Dioskurias / Aia (Ochamchire) over Sebastopolis / Dioskurias (Skurcha) to Sukhumi / Sebastopolis. The Letter of the Episcopus Sanastupolitanus Inferioris Georgiae Reconsidered." PHASIS, no. 26 (June 10, 2024): 4–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.60131/phasis.26.2023.7866.

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Traditionally, Dioskurias was equated with Sebastopolis and located at Sukhumi, although the literary and archaeological source base is rather slim and epigraphic and numismatic evidence is nearly absent. Recently, A. Coşkun (in VDI 80.2, 2020, 354-376; 80.3, 2020, 654-674) proposed to seek the location of Aia-Dioskurias near Ochamchire and its refoundation as Sebastopolis by Lake Skurcha. For this, he draws on the mythical and geographical traditions, which describe Aia and Dioskurias as situated in the “recess of the Black Sea.” River names and neighbouring tribes further suggest that the la

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Kalic, Jovanka. "Grand Zupan Uros II of Rascia." Balcanica, no. 47 (2016): 75–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc1647075k.

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Historical data on the person and policies of the ?veliki [grand] zupan? Uros II - archzupan in Byzantine sources, magnus comes in Latin texts - can be found in twelfth-century Serbian, Greek, Hungarian, German and Russian sources. The paper is divided into three sections dealing specifically with Uros II?s family relations (ancestors and descendants); chronological issues of his reign in Serbia; and his domestic and foreign policies. Uros II?s father, the Serbian zupan Uros I, had three sons and a daughter: Uros II, Desa, Belos and Helen (Jelena). Uros II succeeded his father as the ruler of

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Kęsik, Kamil. "Praca duszpasterska i narodowowyzwoleńcza w posłudze kapłańskiej ks. Piotra Kobylińskiego (1814-1896)." Polonia Maior Orientalis 11 (November 27, 2024): 433–54. https://doi.org/10.4467/27204006pmo.24.020.20314.

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Sprawa narodowowyzwoleńcza w okresie zaborów była obecna w życiu polskiego społeczeństwa na różnych płaszczyznach. Polacy, chcący odzyskać niepodległość, podejmowali radykalne kroki, które doprowadziły do powstań w 1830 i 1863 r. Wśród nich nie brakowało duchowieństwa katolickiego, które osobistym zaangażowaniem było moralnym oparciem dla ruchów niepodległościowych. W diecezji kujawsko-kaliskiej jednym z nietuzinkowych księży działających na rzecz podniesienia moralności i ducha religijnego w okresie międzypowstańczym był ks. Piotr Kobyliński (1814-1896), który za organizowanie przemytu ludzi

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Zgraja, Brunon. "Symbolika księżyca w Enarrationes in psalmos św. Augustyna." Vox Patrum 69 (December 16, 2018): 735–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.3284.

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The present article proves that Augustine, explaining in Enarrationes in Psalmos the texts of Psalms, does not treat references occurig in them, to the moon merely as a part of the descriptions of beauty of the created world, but tries to perceive in it a hidden meaning, the disclosure of which serves the interpreation of different theological questions. For the bishop of Hippo, the moon is a metaphor of God the Creator, of Christ, of the Church and of the human being. With reference to God the Creator, the moon is to remind Christians, that God creating everything as being good and beautifu

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Gomes, Cristina. "RACISM AGAINST INDIGENOUS PEOPLE AND AFRO-DESCENDANTS IN SWEDEN, BRAZIL, AND MEXICO." ARACÊ 6, no. 4 (2024): 15660–81. https://doi.org/10.56238/arev6n4-270.

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This article explores how racism and stigmatizing discourses and practices are articulated and normalized in colonizer and colonized countries. The research compares the cases of Sweden, Brazil, and Mexico from a combination of frameworks -- the Critical Race Theory (Walton, 2019; Ansley, 1997), the neo-Marxist concept of institutional racism and racialization (Cole, 2016 and 2020), and a decolonial framework and methodology (Fanon, 1968; Tynan and Bishop, 2022). Racism has been structural and systemic in Latin American societies since colonization when religious and royal authorities legitima

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Wojda, Jacek. "PRZEŚLADOWANIA KOŚCIOŁA KATOLICKIEGO NA ZIEMIACH POLSKICH W DOBIE POWSTANIA STYCZNIOWEGO W ŚWIETLE RAPORTU KONSULATU FRANCJI W WARSZAWIE Z 1869 ROKU." Civitas et Lex 12, no. 4 (2016): 67–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/cetl.2343.

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Seventieth of XIX century were very hard time for Catholic Church in Polish Kingdom. Mainreason was aim for independency in Poles’ hearts. Deeply connected with polish nation, Churchsuffered because of Tsar’ political repression. Although different stages of its history are not closelyconnected with post uprising’s repressions.Report of French General Consulate in Warsaw bearing a date 1869 stress accent on samekind of the Catholic Church persecutions, which were undertaken against bishops and dioceseadministrators, and some of them were died during deportation on Siberia, north or south Russi

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Sawicki, Doroteusz. "Krótka historia Prawosławnego Autonomicznego Kościoła Świętej Góry Synaj." Elpis 12 (2010): 365–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/elpis.2010.12.18.

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The Holy mountain Sinai was known and venerated in the Old Testament. On this mountain, moses saw God in the form of a burning bush and heard His name – Jahwe (I am, who I am). When returning from bondage in Egypt, moses received the ten commandments on stone tablets and instructed Israel. also, the Prophet Elijah hid himself from the wrath of Queen Isabel on mount Sinai.In the times of the New Testament, the caves of Sinai became a dwelling place for Christian recluses in the III century. after the relics of St. Catherine the martyr were found on the top of mount Sinai, anchoritic monasticism

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Kopylov, Serhii. "Ivan Ohienko and Viktor Pryhodko on the background of socio-political and educational and scientific life (1918-1930)." IVAN OHIIENKO AND CONTEMPORARY SCIENCE AND EDUCATION 20 (December 25, 2023): 337–49. https://doi.org/10.32626/2309-7086.2023-20.337-349.

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In the article the relationship between two prominent fi gures of the Ukrainian libera-tion movements of 1917-1921 and participants in the project of opening the Kamianets-Podilskyi State Ukrainian University – Professor I. Ohiienko and V. Prykhodko, a mem-ber of the Ukrainian Central Council of the II and III convocations have been analyzed. It is specifi ed that their cooperation during the years of political emigration was aimed at protecting the national, cultural and religious interests, social rights of Ukrainians who found themselves in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe after

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Litovskikh, Elena V. "No Risk, No State." Drevneishie gosudarstva Vostochnoi Evropy 2025, no. 46 (2025): 317–25. https://doi.org/10.32608/1560-1382-2025-46-317-325.

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This is a review of a recently published book by a saga scholar from the USA Oren Falk dedicated to the first period of Icelandic history (before 1262, the so-called “Icelandic Commonwealth”): Falk O. Violence and Risk in Medieval Iceland: This Spattered Isle. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021. XIII, 358 p. ISBN: 978-0-1988-6604-6. DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198866046.001.0001. Falk addresses not only the widely known (and long ago translated into many languages, Russian among them) family sagas and the Sturlunga saga, but also those sagas and þættir that are rarely used as sources and therefore

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Otocki, Tomasz Kamil. "Andreas Fülberth, „Riga. Kleine Geschichte der Stadt”. Ciekawy przewodnik nie tylko po Rydze, ale także po historii Łotwy." Acta Baltico-Slavica 38 (December 31, 2014): 323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/abs.2014.017.

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Andreas Fülberth, "Riga. Kleine Geschichte der Stad"At the beginning of 2014, the book „Riga. Kleine Geschichte der Stadt” (Riga. A short history of the town) was issued. The author is Andreas Fülberth, a young historian from Germany, who is a lecturer of the history of Eastern Europe in the University of Kiel. He has already published several works about the Baltic states (in German: “Baltikum”), the most important of them being „Tallinn – Riga – Kaunas. Ihr Ausbau zu modernen Hauptstädten 1920-1940". Köln u. a. 2005 (Das Baltikum in Geschichte und Gegenwart, Bd. 2), which is dedicated to the

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Beebe, Rose Marie, and Robert M. Senkewicz. "The End of the 1824 Chumash Revolt in Alta California: Father Vicente Sarría’s Account." Americas 53, no. 2 (1996): 273–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1007619.

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The 1824 Chumash uprising against three Franciscan missions in the central section of the California chain—Santa Inés, La Purísima Concepción, and Santa Bárbara—was the largest organized revolt in the history of the Alta California missions. The Chumash burned most of the Santa Inés mission complex. At La Purísima, they drove out the mission guard and one of the two priests in residence. The mission was not forcibly retaken by the Mexican army for almost a month. At Santa Bárbara, the Chumash disarmed the soldiers stationed at the mission and sent them back to the presidio. After an inconclusi

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Khomitsky, Vasyl. "Prerequisites for the Creation of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (1989-1990)." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 74 (November 29, 2024): 61678. https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.74.61678.

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The article analyzes the socio-political and religious processes in Ukraine in the late 1980s that led to the establishment of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church. The catalyst for these events was the period of Gorbachev's perestroika, the processes of liberalization and democratization that emerged on the background of the systemic crisis of the Soviet Union. It is established that the key event was the 1988 anniversary celebration of the baptism of the Kyivan Rus'. The Russian Orthodox Church decided to change the Statute of the Church, according to which the abbot of the church bec

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Kuolys, Darius. "After Lublin (1569): The Image of the Republic of Lithuania in the Literature of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania." Senoji Lietuvos literatūra 53 (August 5, 2024): 19–48. https://doi.org/10.51554/sll.22.53.02.

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The last Sejm of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, on 1 July 1569 in Lublin, proclaimed that ‘the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania are already one indivisible and inseparable body, also an inseparable but one and the same Republic’. Yet in the literature and state documents of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the ‘Republic of Lithuania’ and the ‘Republic of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania’ occurred even after Lublin: Res Lituana, Respublica Lituana, Rzeczpospolita Litewska, respublica magni ducatus, riecz pospolitaja Wielikoho Knjazstwa litowskoho, Rzeczpospolita WKL. Was such usage of

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Vukov, Joseph. "Navigating Faith and Science." Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith 75, no. 2 (2023): 126–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.56315/pscf9-23vukov.

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NAVIGATING FAITH AND SCIENCE by Joseph Vukov. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2022. 179 pages. Paperback; $19.99. ISBN: 9780802879615. *Joseph Vukov, Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Loyola University Chicago, takes on the relationship between sciences and Christian faith in his engaging book Navigating Faith and Science. Written for a popular audience, Vukov discusses three models for the sciences-faith relationship: conflict, independence, and dialogue. *Ongoing conversation always takes place in the context of a relationship, and I like to think of the sciences-faith relationship as such an

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