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Journal articles on the topic 'Bones – Growth'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 February 2023

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1

Levine, Milton I. "Fragile Bones, Soft Bones, and Linear Growth Failure." Pediatric Annals 16, no. 12 (December 1, 1987): 943–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0090-4481-19871201-04.

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2

Scheven, Ben A. A., and Nicola J. Hamilton. "Longitudinal bone growth in vitro: effects of insulin-like growth factor I and growth hormone." Acta Endocrinologica 124, no. 5 (May 1991): 602–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1240602.

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Abstract. Longitudinal growth was studied using an in vitro model system of intact rat long bones. Metatarsal bones from 18- and 19-day-old rat fetuses, entirely (18 days) or mainly (19 days) composed of chondrocytes, showed a steady rate of growth and radiolabelled thymidine incorporation for at least 7 days in serum-free media. Addition of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I to the culture media resulted in a direct stimulation of the longitudinal growth. Recombinant human growth hormone was also able to stimulate bone growth, although this was generally accomplished after a time

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3

Hagan, Michael. "Sticks and Bones." Arithmetic Teacher 33, no. 1 (September 1985): 44–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/at.33.1.0044.

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The proliferation of both teacher-made and professionally prepared games might easily tempt a teacher to conclude that using them to kindle a child's interest in mathematics is an end in itself. And yet the full riches of many games may lie undiscovered until children are challenged to go beyond their interests, to think about their actions, and to elaborate on them. From this perspective, the most valuable games are those that interest children and that have rich variations to encourage their growth.

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4

Soliz, Mónica, María Jose Tulli, and Virginia Abdala. "Forelimb musculoskeletal-tendinous growth in frogs." PeerJ 8 (February 25, 2020): e8618. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8618.

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The tendons unite and transmit the strength of the muscles to the bones, allowing movement dexterity, the distribution of the strength of the limbs to the digits, and an improved muscle performance for a wide range of locomotor activities. Tissue differentiation and maturation of the structures involved in locomotion are completed during the juvenile stage; however, few studies have investigated the ontogenetic variation of the musculoskeletal-tendinous system. We ask whether all those integrated tissues and limb structures growth synchronically between them and along with body length. We exam

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5

DeLuca, H. F. "TRIENNIAL GROWTH SYMPOSIUM— Vitamin D: Bones and beyond12." Journal of Animal Science 92, no. 3 (March 1, 2014): 917–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2013-7237.

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6

McKee, Malcolm. "Growth deformities of the long bones in dogs." In Practice 32, no. 7 (July 2010): 282–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inp.c3914.

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7

Deltoro, J., and Ana M. López. "Allometric growth patterns of limb bones in rabbits." Animal Production 46, no. 3 (June 1988): 461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100019073.

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ABSTRACTRelative growth of length and thickness of femur, tibia, humerus and radius-ulna was studied using data from 320 rabbits from both sexes of two lines (New Zealand White and California). A cross-sectional design was used with slaughter points fixed at weekly intervals from 1 to 20 weeks of age. Carcass length was chosen as independent variable and two models were fitted to the data. Model 1 assumed the existence of one allometric change at some moment of the post-natal development and model 2 of a continuous change of the allometric coefficient throughout the experimental period.Most of

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8

Efthimiou, J., and P. J. Barnes. "Effect of inhaled corticosteroids on bones and growth." European Respiratory Journal 11, no. 5 (May 1, 1998): 1167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.98.11051167.

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9

Garzón-Alvarado, D. A., J. M. García-Aznar, and M. Doblaré. "A reaction–diffusion model for long bones growth." Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology 8, no. 5 (December 24, 2008): 381–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10237-008-0144-z.

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10

Lok, F., J. A. Owens, L. Mundy, J. S. Robinson, and P. C. Owens. "Insulin-like growth factor I promotes growth selectively in fetal sheep in late gestation." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 270, no. 5 (May 1, 1996): R1148—R1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1996.270.5.r1148.

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Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is required for normal fetal growth and skeletal maturation in late gestation, because null mutations of the IGF-I gene in mice reduce fetal weight and retard ossification of bones. To determine if, conversely, increased abundance of IGF-I promotes fetal growth and skeletal maturation, fetal sheep were infused intravascularly with recombinant human IGF-I (n = 7) (26 +/- 3 micrograms. h-1.kg-1) from 120 to 130 days gestation and compared with controls (n = 15). IGF-I infusion increased plasma IGF-I concentrations by 140% (P = 0.002) and weights of fetal live

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11

Smirina, Ella, and Natalia Ananjeva. "Growth layers in bones and acrodont teeth of the agamid lizard Laudakia stoliczkana (Blanford, 1875) (Agamidae, Sauria)." Amphibia-Reptilia 28, no. 2 (2007): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853807780202512.

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AbstractGrowth layers in different tubular bones, in dental bone and in tooth dentine of L. stoliczkana were examined to estimate their suitability for the study of its age and growth. All bones studied have growth layers recording annual seasonal patterns of growth. Their pattern is identical in all bones studied. Resting lines, or Lines of Arrested Growth (LAGs) corresponding to the two first hibernations are subjected to resorption in the massive elongate tubular bones (femur and tibia) whereas in the more slender fibula the rate of resorption is lower. In the phalanx even the first formed

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12

Oberbauer, A. M., T. A. Currier, C. D. Nancarrow, K. A. Ward, and J. D. Murray. "Linear bone growth of oMT1a-oGH transgenic male mice." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 262, no. 6 (June 1, 1992): E936—E942. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1992.262.6.e936.

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Linear bone growth was studied in male mice possessing a controlled ovine metallothionein 1a promoter-ovine growth hormone (oMT1a-oGH) transgene. Transgene expression was activated at weaning by the addition of 25 mM zinc sulfate to drinking water; transgenic and control mice received the zinc supplementation. The ulna, humerus, and tibia were excised at 10-day intervals until 130 days from control and from mice hemizygous for oMT1a-oGH. Bones from mice overexpressing growth hormone (GH) were 11-20% longer than those from controls (P less than 0.01) at 130 days. Transgenic mice exhibited both

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13

Artemiev, D. A., S. V. Kozlov, S. O. Loshchinin, and A. V. Egunova. "FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT, GROWTH AND STRUCTURE OF THE BONES OF DOGS AND CATS." Scientific Life 16, no. 7 (2021): 896–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-7-896-907.

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This article is devoted to the systematic and comparative aspects of the phylo - and ontogenetic development, growth and structure of the bones of dogs and cats. We know that bone (lat. os) is a solid organ of humans and vertebrates, consisting of several tissues, the most important of which is bone. The bone performs musculoskeletal and protective functions, is an integral part of the vertebrate endoskeleton, produces red and white blood cells, and stores minerals. Bone tissue is a type of dense connective tissue. Bones come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes, depending on the function of

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14

Animesh Katiyar. "Calcium's Role in Child Growth and Development and It's Complications." Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.1.1.1.

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Calcium (Ca) is an important mineral used to build and maintain the skeletal system. Calcium is the body's most vital mineral. Bone and teeth contain calcium, phosphorus, and the rest of the body's calcium. This mineral aids in the creation of bones and teeth, blood coagulation and muscle contraction as well as nerve transmission and cell metabolism. Calcium deficiency in children causes physical and mental growth problems, as well as the development of Rashitisme, a kind of osteoporosis. This disorder is characterised by deformed bones, big joints, and mobility issues. Calcium shortage

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15

Hughes, Rebecca C. "“Grandfather in the Bones”." Social Sciences and Missions 33, no. 3-4 (September 24, 2020): 347–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18748945-bja10011.

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Abstract Evangelical Anglicans of the Church Missionary Society constructed a triumphal narrative on the growth of the Ugandan Church circa 1900–1920. This narrative developed from racial theory, the Hamitic hypothesis, and colonial conquest in its admiration of Ugandans. When faced with closing the mission due to its success, the missionaries shifted to scientific racist language to describe Ugandans and protect the mission. Most scholarship on missionaries argues that they eschewed scientific racism due to their commitment to spiritual equality. This episode reveals the complex ways the miss

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16

Feiner, Nathalie, Illiam S. C. Jackson, Eliane Van der Cruyssen, and Tobias Uller. "A highly conserved ontogenetic limb allometry and its evolutionary significance in the adaptive radiation of Anolis lizards." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, no. 1953 (June 23, 2021): 20210226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.0226.

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Diversifications often proceed along highly conserved, evolutionary trajectories. These patterns of covariation arise in ontogeny, which raises the possibility that adaptive morphologies are biased towards trait covariations that resemble growth trajectories. Here, we test this prediction in the diverse clade of Anolis lizards by investigating the covariation of embryonic growth of 13 fore- and hindlimb bones in 15 species, and compare these to the evolutionary covariation of these limb bones across 267 Anolis species. Our results demonstrate that species differences in relative limb length ar

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17

TAKEUCHI, Shuji. "A Case of Growth Transformation in Unexercised Limb Bones." Journal of Anthropological Society of Nippon 99, no. 3 (1991): 319–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1537/ase1911.99.319.

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18

Litsas, G. "Growth hormone therapy and craniofacial bones: a comprehensive review." Oral Diseases 19, no. 6 (December 21, 2012): 559–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/odi.12041.

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19

Cussenot, O., A. Zouaoui, and G. Hidden. "Growth of the facial bones of the fetus (27.04.90)." Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy 12, no. 3 (September 1990): 230–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01624530.

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20

Nwaogu, I. C. "Foetal Alcohol Syndrome: Growth Rate of Bones in Rats." Journal of Applied Animal Research 22, no. 2 (December 2002): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2002.9706406.

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21

Acharya, P., S. Putha, R. Sutaria, H. Acharya, and A. Acharya. "EP05.13: Fetal biometry and growth curve of long bones." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 52 (October 2018): 210–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.19843.

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22

Rocha, J. H. G., A. F. Lemos, S. Agathopoulos, S. Kannan, P. Valério, and J. M. F. Ferreira. "Hydrothermal growth of hydroxyapatite scaffolds from aragonitic cuttlefish bones." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 77A, no. 1 (2006): 160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.30566.

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23

Chagin, Andrei S., Elham Karimian, Katja Sundström, Emma Eriksson, and Lars Sävendahl. "Catch-up growth after dexamethasone withdrawal occurs in cultured postnatal rat metatarsal bones." Journal of Endocrinology 204, no. 1 (October 8, 2009): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe-09-0307.

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Children exposed to systemic glucocorticoids often exhibit growth retardation and after the cessation of therapy catch-up growth occurs in many, but not all patients. The developmental regulation and underlying cellular mechanisms of catch-up growth are not fully understood. To clarify this issue, we established an in vitro model of catch-up growth. Here we present a protocol for the long-term culture (up to 160 days) of fetal (E20) as well as postnatal (P8) rat metatarsal bones which allowed us to characterize ex vivo the phenomenon of catch-up growth without any influence by systemic factors

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24

Charoenphan, S., and A. Polchai. "Finite Element Modeling for Strain Rate Dependency of Fracture Resistance in Compact Bone." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 129, no. 1 (August 7, 2006): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2401179.

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Crack growths in compact bones driven by various strain rate levels were studied using finite element modeling. The energy resistance curves in bovine femur cortical bones were characterized, whereas the orthotropic viscoelasticity in bone materials was accounted for to assess the effect of strain rate on the energy resistance curve. The models were also used to justify the anticipated plane strain response as a result of rather thick specimens used in experiments. Similarities were found between the experimental and model results when crack resistance ability exhibited in bones with slow load

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25

Sarnat, Bernard G. "Some Methods of Assessing Postnatal Craniofaciodental Growth: A Retrospective of Personal Research." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 34, no. 2 (March 1997): 159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1997_034_0159_smoapc_2.3.co_2.

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Objective The purposes of this review and summary are to evaluate several selected significant clinical and basic science methods utilized to assess growth of bone(s), and in particular craniofaciodental growth: appositional and resorptive (bone), endochondral (bones), and sutural (bones). This personal retrospective report includes in part anthropometry, impressions and casts, vital markers, histology, radiopaque implant markers with and without serial cephalometric radiographs, and autoradiography. Knowledge obtained from the use of these various methods on rats, ground squirrels, rabbits, p

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26

SHAHIN, KARIMA A., and R. T. BERG. "GROWTH AND DISTRIBUTION OF BONE IN DOUBLE MUSCLED AND NORMAL CATTLE." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 65, no. 2 (June 1, 1985): 319–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas85-038.

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Eighteen Double Muscled (DM), 18 Beef Synthetic (SY) and 18 Hereford (HE) bulls, serially slaughtered from approximately 250 to 800 kg liveweight, were used to determine the influence of 'double muscling' and maturity type on bone growth patterns and distribution. Relative to total side bone (TSB), breed types tended to have similar growth coefficients for all bones or bone groups except the vertebral column where HE tended to have a higher growth coefficient than either SY or DM. As TSB increased the proportion of bone in scapula, costae, vertebrae lumbales and os coxae increased (b > 1; P

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27

Wang, Yongmei, Shigeki Nishida, Takeshi Sakata, Hashem Z. Elalieh, Wenhan Chang, Bernard P. Halloran, Steven B. Doty, and Daniel D. Bikle. "Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Is Essential for Embryonic Bone Development." Endocrinology 147, no. 10 (October 1, 2006): 4753–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2006-0196.

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Although IGF-I has been identified as an important growth factor for the skeleton, the role of IGF-I on embryonic bone development remains unknown. Here we show that, in IGF-I-deficient (IGF-I−/−) mice, skeletal malformations, including short-limbed dwarfism, were evident at days post coitus (dpc) 14.5 to 18.5, accompanied by delays of mineralization in the spinal column, sternum, and fore paws. Reduced chondrocyte proliferation and increased chondrocyte apoptosis were identified in both the spinal ossification center and the growth plate of long bones. Abnormal chondrocyte differentiation and

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28

Mahgoub, O., and G. A. Lodge. "Growth and body composition of Omani local sheep 2. Growth and distribution of musculature and skeleton." Animal Science 58, no. 3 (June 1994): 373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100007315.

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AbstractDistribution of tissue weight in the musculature and skeleton was studied in ram, wether and ewe Omani sheep raised under an intensive management system and slaughtered over the range 18 to 38 kg live weight. Ram lambs had higher muscle weight in the forequarters than wether and ewe lambs whereas the latter ‘sexes’ had heavier hindquarters and slightly more muscle in the muscle groups of proximal hind- and forelimbs and those surrounding the spinal column. Some of the neck region muscles, e.g. m. splenius and m. longissimus capitis et atlantis, were more developed in ram than in wether

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29

Ohashi-Takeuchi, H., N. Yamada, R. Hosokawa, and T. Noguchi. "Vesicles with lactate dehydrogenase and without alkaline phosphatase present in the resting zone of epiphyseal cartilage." Biochemical Journal 266, no. 1 (February 15, 1990): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2660309.

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Matrix vesicles are membrane-invested vesicles that initiate mineralization in the extracellular matrix of calcifying tissues. The epiphyseal cartilages of young-rat rib bones were divided into the growth zone and the resting zone, followed by the isolation of matrix vesicles after collagenase treatment. Matrix vesicles with both alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were detected in the growth cartilage found in the epiphyseal growth plates of young rabbits [Hosokawa, Uchida, Fujiwara & Noguchi (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 10045-10047], but were not detected in the resting zone. By

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30

Archer, James R., Victoria A. Archer, Michael F. W. Festing, and Mirian A. Ghiraldini. "Tich: a mutant causing disproportional growth in the mouse." Genetical Research 57, no. 1 (February 1991): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300029001.

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SummaryA spontaneous mutation ‘tich’ (gene symbol tch) appeared as a recessive mutation in inbred mice of strain A. TL. Homozygotes are rather dumpy mice of approximately normal weight but with short limbs and tail. Skeletal measurements on backcross siblings show that the mandible bones are almost normal but long bones and some parts of the pelvic and pectoral girdles are short. Although tich resembles brachypodism phenotypically it is not linked to agouti, and does not match the description of any other skeletal mutation. There was some evidence for weak linkage with albinism on chromosome 7

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31

Wells, Meher D., and L. Michaels. "Mode of growth of acquired cholesteatoma." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 105, no. 4 (April 1991): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100115567.

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AbstractA histopathological study of acquired cholesteatoma in four temporal bones from two adults and one child is presented. The findings suggest that the cholesteatoma originated from the retraction pockets of the tympanic membrane and there was active growth of the squamous epithelium of the retraction pockets, which may be enhanced in the presence of otitis media.

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32

Dickman, S. "GENETICS: No Bones About a Genetic Switch for Bone Growth." Science 276, no. 5318 (June 6, 1997): 1502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.276.5318.1502.

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33

Galloway, Alison. "Human growth in the past: Studies from bones and teeth." American Journal of Human Biology 13, no. 4 (2001): 562–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.1091.

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34

Sanchez, Cheryl P., Isidro B. Salusky, Beatriz D. Kuizon, Patricia Abdella, Harald Jüppner, and William G. Goodman. "Growth of long bones in renal failure: Roles of hyperparathyroidism, growth hormone and calcitriol." Kidney International 54, no. 6 (1998): 1879–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00199.x.

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35

Barreto, C., R. M. Albrecht, D. E. Bjorling, J. R. Horner, and N. J. Wilsman. "Evidence of the Growth Plate and the Growth of Long Bones in Juvenile Dinosaurs." Science 262, no. 5142 (December 24, 1993): 2020–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.262.5142.2020.

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36

Mammadova, Aytan Siraj, MaKenzie Hodge, Kehinde Matilda Folawewo, Elizabeth Cobbs, Gail Louise Nunlee-Bland, Wolali Akua-Sabia Odonkor, Vijaya A. Ganta, and Anteneh Woldetensay Zenebe. "Bones Versus Teeth." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): A185—A186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.375.

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Abstract Introduction: A 200% increase in population growth among those over 85 is projected in the United States by 2050. Approximately half of women over 50 will experience an osteoporotic fracture in their lifetime. Osteoporosis disproportionately affects old-old adults (those between 85 and 95) as more than half of those admitted to the hospital for hip fracture are over 80 years of age. Older adults are also likely to need dental care. The American Dental Association guidelines offer preventive recommendations for those over 60 years of age but do not address the nuances of treatment opti

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37

Chinsamy, Anusuya, and Trevor H. Worthy. "Histovariability and Palaeobiological Implications of the Bone Histology of the Dromornithid, Genyornis newtoni." Diversity 13, no. 5 (May 20, 2021): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13050219.

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The bone microstructure of extinct animals provides a host of information about their biology. Although the giant flightless dromornithid, Genyornis newtoni, is reasonably well known from the Pleistocene of Australia (until its extinction about 50–40 Ka), aside from various aspects of its skeletal anatomy and taxonomy, not much is known about its biology. The current study investigated the histology of fifteen long bones of Genyornis (tibiotarsi, tarsometatarsi and femora) to deduce information about its growth dynamics and life history. Thin sections of the bones were prepared using standard

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38

STEENDIJK, R. "Remarkable catch-up growth in a boy with steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome." Acta Endocrinologica 113, no. 4_Suppl (December 1986): S8—S12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.112s008.

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Abstract A boy is described who was followed from 4 to 21.5 years of age, during which time he was treated with high doses of corticosteroids for a steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome. For the first 10 years therapy was mainly continuous and height decreased from -0.5 to -4.5 SDS. Later discontinuous treatment without a reduction in the total weekly dose was accompanied by rapid catch-up growth. Final height was -1.0 SDS. During most of the time skeletal age was severely retarded and a discrepancy between the development of the short bones of the hand and the carpal bones was noted.

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39

Schrader, Susan L., Rebecca Blue, and Arlene Horner. "Better Bones Buddies: An Osteoporosis Prevention Program." Journal of School Nursing 21, no. 2 (April 2005): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10598405050210020801.

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Although osteoporosis typically surfaces in later life, peak bone mass attained before age 20 is a key factor in its prevention. However, most American children’s diets lack sufficient calcium during the critical growth periods of preadolescence and adolescence to achieve peak bone mass. Better Bones (BB) Buddies is an educational program targeting children ages 9–15 years in an effort to improve their knowledge of bone health and to increase their intake of calcium-rich foods, thereby reducing the risk for osteoporosis later in life. In the 1998–1999 school year, Better Bones Buddies was give

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40

Doran, I. C., M. R. Owen, and E. J. Comerford. "Carpal derangement and associated carpal valgus in a dog." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 19, no. 02 (2006): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632985.

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SummaryThis case report describes derangement of the numbered carpal bones resulting in a valgal growth deformity in the right carpus of a seven-month-old dog. Radiographic assessment of the right carpus revealed abnormalities in the size and shape of the numbered carpal bones and carpal valgus. Surgical correction of the growth deformity was planned by partial carpal arthrodesis; however medial collateral laxity associated with the carpal valgus necessitated a pancarpal arthrodesis to achieve correct limb alignment.

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41

Cullen, Thomas M., Juan I. Canale, Sebastián Apesteguía, Nathan D. Smith, Dongyu Hu, and Peter J. Makovicky. "Osteohistological analyses reveal diverse strategies of theropod dinosaur body-size evolution." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1939 (November 25, 2020): 20202258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.2258.

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The independent evolution of gigantism among dinosaurs has been a topic of long-standing interest, but it remains unclear if gigantic theropods, the largest bipeds in the fossil record, all achieved massive sizes in the same manner, or through different strategies. We perform multi-element histological analyses on a phylogenetically broad dataset sampled from eight theropod families, with a focus on gigantic tyrannosaurids and carcharodontosaurids, to reconstruct the growth strategies of these lineages and test if particular bones consistently preserve the most complete growth record. We find

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42

Agarwal, Vishakha, Ragni Tandon, Kamlesh Singh, Pratik Chandra, and Swati Agarwal. "Growth prediction methods: A review." IP Indian Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Research 7, no. 2 (July 15, 2021): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijodr.2021.020.

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Growth prediction is an estimation of the amount of growth to be expected. In orthodontics the term refers to the estimation of amount and direction of growth of the bones of the craniofacial skeletal and overlying soft tissues. Successful prediction requires specifying both the amount and the direction of growth, in relation to the reference point. Estimation of dentofacial growth must consider the increments, vectors, area, duration and timing of growth accessions. All these are subjected to the changes in growth pattern

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43

Dupuis, Holly, Michael Andrew Pest, Ermina Hadzic, Thin Xuan Vo, Daniel B. Hardy, and Frank Beier. "Exposure to the RXR Agonist SR11237 in Early Life Causes Disturbed Skeletal Morphogenesis in a Rat Model." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 20 (October 20, 2019): 5198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205198.

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Longitudinal bone growth occurs through endochondral ossification (EO), controlled by various signaling molecules. Retinoid X Receptor (RXR) is a nuclear receptor with important roles in cell death, development, and metabolism. However, little is known about its role in EO. In this study, the agonist SR11237 was used to evaluate RXR activation in EO. Rats given SR11237 from post-natal day 5 to post-natal day 15 were harvested for micro-computed tomography (microCT) scanning and histology. In parallel, newborn CD1 mouse tibiae were cultured with increasing concentrations of SR11237 for histolog

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Hallett, Shawn A., Wanida Ono, and Noriaki Ono. "Growth Plate Chondrocytes: Skeletal Development, Growth and Beyond." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 23 (November 29, 2019): 6009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20236009.

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Growth plate chondrocytes play central roles in the proper development and growth of endochondral bones. Particularly, a population of chondrocytes in the resting zone expressing parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is now recognized as skeletal stem cells, defined by their ability to undergo self-renewal and clonally give rise to columnar chondrocytes in the postnatal growth plate. These chondrocytes also possess the ability to differentiate into a multitude of cell types including osteoblasts and bone marrow stromal cells during skeletal development. Using single-cell transcriptomic a

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Jartarghar, Nagaratna, Chethan Kumar VK, Lowkesh Chandravanshi, and Shubhangi Rathore. "Ayurvedic approach to Osgood Schlatter disease: A case report." Journal of Ayurvedic and Herbal Medicine 3, no. 4 (December 30, 2017): 189–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jahm.2017.3403.

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Osgood Schlatter disease (OSD) is an inflammatory injury of the growth plate on the tibia just below the level of the knee at the tibial tubercle. The tibial tubercle is the bony attachment of the quadriceps (front thigh muscle). Contraction of the quadriceps results primarily in straightening of the leg at the level of the knee. A growth plate is an area of developing tissue near the ends of long bones or areas of muscle attachment. The growth plate in children allows the bones to expand in length thus allowing a child to reach his/her full height by the age of 16-19years. Compared to the sur

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Wilson, Laura E., and Karen Chin. "Comparative osteohistology of Hesperornis with reference to pygoscelid penguins: the effects of climate and behaviour on avian bone microstructure." Royal Society Open Science 1, no. 3 (November 2014): 140245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140245.

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The broad biogeographic distribution of Hesperornis fossils in Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway deposits has prompted questions about whether they endured polar winters or migrated between mid- and high latitudes. Here, we compare microstructures of hesperornithiform long bones from Kansas and the Arctic to investigate whether migration or Late Cretaceous polar climate affected bone growth. We also examine modern penguin bones to determine how migration and climate may influence bone growth in birds with known behaviours. Histological analysis of hesperornithiform samples reveals contin

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Eby, Thomas L., and Joseph B. Nadol. "Postnatal Growth of the Human Temporal Bone." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 95, no. 4 (July 1986): 356–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948609500407.

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Recent interest in cochlear implantation for children has made it important to understand how postnatal growth of the ear will affect such devices. In this study, the postnatal growth of the labyrinth, middle ear, and mastoid was measured in three dimensions using radiographic and temporal bone data. Measurements were made from histologic sections of 48 temporal bones from children and compared to adult temporal bones. Radiographic measurements were made from 253 sets of skull radiographs of children and compared to adult skull series. In the three dimensions measured, there was no postnatal g

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Reynolds, Mathew, Michael Reynolds, Samer Adeeb, and Tarek El-Bialy. "3-D Volumetric Evaluation of Human Mandibular Growth." Open Biomedical Engineering Journal 5, no. 1 (October 14, 2011): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874120701105010083.

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Bone growth is a complex process that is controlled by a multitude of mechanisms that are not fully understood.Most of the current methods employed to measure the growth of bones focus on either studying cadaveric bones from different individuals of different ages, or successive two-dimensional (2D) radiographs. Both techniques have their known limitations. The purpose of this study was to explore a technique for quantifying the three dimensional (3D) growth of an adolescent human mandible over the period of one year utilizing cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans taken for regular orthod

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DIAKAKIS (Ν.ΔΙΑΚΑΚΗΣ), N., and A. DESIRIS (Α. ΔΕΣΙΡΗΣ). "Report of an equine forelimb varus case." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 58, no. 2 (November 24, 2017): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.14980.

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Angular limb deformities could be congenital oracquired and could result from: a) asymmetrical growth from the distal radial epiphysis, b) incomplete growth of the carpal bones, the second and fourth metacarpal bones and c) laxity of the carpal joints. The causes of these conditions are numerous. As far as congenital angular deformities are concerned, the cause may be due to intrauterine malposition, overnutrition of the mare in the latter half of pregnancy, joint laxity, twin pregnancy, short gestation period, defective endochondral ossification of the carpal bones or maldevelopment of the se

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Shahin, Karima A., and R. T. Berg. "Influence of bone growth on muscle growth and bone-muscle relationships in double-muscled and normal cattle." Animal Science 44, no. 2 (April 1987): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100018572.

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ABSTRACTEighteen bulls each of double-muscled (DM), Beef Synthetic (SY) and Hereford (HE) breed types, serially slaughtered from about 250 to 800 kg live weight, were used to examine muscle-bone relationships in double-muscled and normal cattle.Relative to total side bone, DM animals differed significantly from the other breed types in relative growth rate of muscles in all regions which exhibited gross muscular hypertrophy. They showed generalized and regionally differentiated muscular hypertrophy. At equal bone weight in the given anatomical region, DM/HE and DM/SY muscle:bone ratios were re

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