Journal articles: 'Cargo Insurance'

1

Husiatyńska, Renata. "Cargo insurance in maritime transportation." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego Problemy Transportu i Logistyki 42 (2018): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/ptl.2018.42-03.

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Liu, Xiaoping, Hui Zheng, Yi Yang, and Qing Wang. "Analysis of Factors Affecting China's Cargo Insurance Demand Based on E-commerce Background." Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations 17, no. 1 (January 2019): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jeco.2019010102.

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This article uses the time-series data of China from 2000 to 2014 to analyze the influencing factors of cargo insurance demand in the context of e-commerce by using multiple linear regression models. The authors discuss the influence of economic development, cargo insurance supply and environmental factors on cargo insurance income, insurance depth, and insurance density. The results show that the risk situation, e-commerce development and the development of the logistics industry have a significant positive impact on the demand for cargo insurance; price is proportional to cargo insurance demand; and GDP has negative impact on the depth of cargo insurance.

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Le Je Hyun and 최영훈. "Insurer's Duty of Explanation of Cargo Insurance Clauses in a Cargo Insurance Contract." Journal of Shipping and Logistics 32, no. 1 (March 2016): 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37059/tjosal.2016.32.1.139.

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Karać, Vera. "Cargo insurance according to Incoterms 2020." Pravo i privreda 59, no. 2 (2021): 177–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/pip2102177k.

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In 2020, the new version of Incoterms trade terms came into force. The author raises the issue of the connection between these trade terms and cargo insurance. Th rough the concept of the sale of goods contract, in which some of the aforementioned trade terms are incorporated, the author provides an answer to the question who has a duty to conclude cargo insurance contract and in what way or who has an interest to do so. The provided analysis suggests that the Incoterms rules do not contain special rules regarding cargo insurance, but only guidelines for the seller what kind of insurance contract must be concluded according to CIF and CIP clauses, while other clauses contain a provision "without obligation". The most significant novelty is increasing the necessary insurance cover imposed by CIP clause. However, this does not make Incoterms 2020 a revolutionary version, but rather a development of earlier editions.

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Mitkov, Milen, Sergey Radukanov, and Mariana Petrova. "Risk management in maritime transport of goods through insurance." MATEC Web of Conferences 339 (2021): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133901003.

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The present study, the issues related to the development and features of Cargo insurance are considered as a way to manage the risk in the maritime transport of goods and cargo. The state, tendencies and prospects for development of this type of insurance are outlined, as well as the gross domestic product of the country. The study period is 2010-2019, ie the years after Bulgaria’s accession to the European Union. The results of the analysis confirm the strong link between maritime transport and insurance of transported goods and cargo, which leads to strong development in the insurance market as a whole. It was established that the rate of development of the gross domestic product of the country lags behind the rate of development of the transported goods and cargo by sea. On the other hand, the pace of development of freight insurance outpaces the pace of development of goods transported by sea and the rate of development of the country’s gross domestic product.

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Shemonaiev, Volodymyr. "Legal significance of general accident in cargo insurance." Entrepreneurship, Economy and Law 8 (2019): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32849/2663-5313/2019.8.06.

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구종순, 동무성, and 여희정. "An Empirical Study on Cargo Insurance Contracts in Korea." Journal of Shipping and Logistics ll, no. 59 (December 2008): 225–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37059/tjosal.2008..59.225.

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Wu, Pei-Ju, Mu-Chen Chen, and Chih-Kai Tsau. "The data-driven analytics for investigating cargo loss in logistics systems." International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 47, no. 1 (February 13, 2017): 68–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpdlm-02-2016-0061.

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Purpose Cargo loss has been a major issue in logistics management. However, few studies have tackled the issue of cargo loss severity via business analytics. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to provide guidance about how to retrieve valuable information from logistics data and to develop cargo loss mitigation strategies for logistics risk management. Design/methodology/approach This study proposes a research design of business analytics to scrutinize the causes of cargo loss severity. Findings The empirical results of the decision tree analytics reveal that transit types, product categories, and shipping destinations are key factors behind cargo loss severity. Furthermore, strategies for cargo loss prevention were developed. Research limitations/implications The proposed framework of cargo loss analytics provides a research foundation for logistics risk management. Practical implications Companies with logistics data can utilize the proposed business analytics to identify cargo loss factors, while companies without logistics data can employ the proposed cargo loss mitigation strategies in their logistics systems. Originality/value This pioneer empirical study scrutinizes the critical cargo loss issues of cargo damage, cargo theft, and cargo liability insurance through exploiting real cargo loss data.

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Rani, Marnia. "The Choice of Law Issues in Marine Insurance Disputes Resolution in Indonesia." FIAT JUSTISIA:Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 11, no. 2 (January 4, 2018): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v11no2.938.

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Marine insurance business in Indonesia such as marine hull and machinery insurance and cargo insurance are subject to applicable laws and practices in the United Kingdom. Although Indonesia already has marine insurance law which is regulated in Wetboek van Koophandel, in fact, this business subject to English Law and Practice. The choice of law is listed in the insurance policy. Submission of the law and practice in the UK raises the issue for the parties in the insurance contract, between Insurer and Insured. Although the principle of the contract is a law for those who make it, in practice, there is a problem. The problem is especially when there is a dispute between Insurer and Insured. When disputes occur, each party has a different opinion regarding which country's laws may be applied to resolve disputes between Insurance Companies and Policyholders (the proper law of the contract, the applicable law). When referring to the provisions contained in the marine insurance policy which is a contract of the parties, it should be settled under the legal system and the practice of law which is in force in the United Kingdom, because the choice of law is written in the contract. However, the problem arises again, whether the choice of law in the insurance contract can be applied, if the insurance company as a legal entity is established under Indonesian law and domiciled in Indonesia, as well as the policyholders who are Indonesian. On the basis of such matters, this paper intended to elaborate the principles of international civil law in Indonesia regarding the choice of law in the contract and is also associated with the personal status of the insurance company, the personal status of the policyholder who are Indonesian, as well as the consequences of the choice of law listed in marine hull and machinery insurance or cargo insurance and national laws which can be applied to marine insurance disputes occurring in Indonesia. Keywords: Marine Insurance, Choice of Law

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Choi, Byeong-Gyu. "A Study on the Accident Insurance and Cargo Working Indemnification." BUSINESS LAW REVIEW 31, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 301–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24886/blr.2017.09.31.3.301.

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11

WonKeun Lee. "A Study on Expansion of Perils Insured in English Cargo Insurance." Journal of Shipping and Logistics 28, no. 1 (March 2012): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.37059/tjosal.2012.28.1.85.

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Shinya, Tetsunosuke Tom. "Incidents at the Strait of Hormuz and Marine Cargo Insurance Clauses." Hokengakuzasshi (JOURNAL of INSURANCE SCIENCE) 2020, no. 648 (March 31, 2020): 648_239–648_266. http://dx.doi.org/10.5609/jsis.2020.648_239.

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13

Ozcan, Ismail Cagri. "The effect of air cargo traffic on regional job creation in Turkey." Journal of Transport Literature 8, no. 4 (October 2014): 146–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2238-1031.jtl.v8n4a6.

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While there is a large body of literature on air passenger traffic's impact on local employment, the interaction between air cargo traffic and local employment remains relatively untouched. This paper tries to fill in the gap by analyzing the impact of air cargo traffic on local employment in 20 Turkish provinces using Census 2000 data. The results of 2-stage least squares estimations show that air cargo traffic stimulates employment in finance, insurance, real estate and business services and increases the total number of administrative and managerial workers and the total number of clerical and related workers while it tends to reduce employment in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing activities and the total number of agricultural, animal husbandry, forestry workers, fishermen and hunters.

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McDowell, Ryan W. "Run Gauntlets or Pay Pirates? Regulating Vessel Speeds in High-Risk Waters." American Journal of Trade and Policy 8, no. 2 (May 21, 2021): 155–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajtp.v8i2.540.

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Maritime commerce in world commerce. Each year, vessels carry more cargo at higher costs and faster speeds. Insurance is an integral part of shipping, as it protects cargoes and crews against the perils of the sea. This article focuses on the peril of piracy, a criminal practice that has evolved significantly throughout history. Pirates today, as pirates of the past, prey upon the unprotected. Yet, modern piracy, unlike historical piracy, is essentially non-violent. The modern pirate profits from ransom, not theft. Today, piracy is a monetary risk with computable consequences: an insurable threat. Anti-piracy methods, including insurance, impose steep costs to world trade. In the past decade, pirate activity has declined while piracy insurance has grown more expensive. This phenomenon is problematic, but an industry-wide solution is a challenging construct. To handle the costly risks of piracy is to balance the distinct and competing interests of ship-owners, insurers, operators, and governments. As this Article argues, insurance can more efficiently mitigate piracy’s puzzling risk. After discussing maritime piracy and maritime insurance, this Article outlines the legal and regulatory schema for a system to mandate the speeds of vessels that transit pirate-prone waters. The proposed regulation is mechanically sound, logistically feasible, cost-effective, and enforceable. To diminish the costly risk of piracy, this Article proposes revising a treaty to afford the International Maritime Organization (IMO) jurisdiction to regulate vessel speeds on the high seas.

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15

Wicaksono, Fadhly. "Hukum Aspek Pengiriman Barang oleh Perusahaan Jasa Ekspedisi dan Cargo melalui Pengangkutan Laut." Jurist-Diction 3, no. 5 (September 11, 2020): 1697. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jd.v3i5.21974.

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Angkutan di perairan adalah kegiatan mengangkut atau memindahkan penumpang atau barang, pengiriman barang oleh Jasa Ekspedisi (forwading) melalui pengangkutan laut menimbulkan hubungan hukum yang bersifat kontraktual dan hubungan yang bersifat pelaku usaha dengan konsumen antara forwading dengan dengan pemilik barang. Forwading berkewajiban untuk memastikan barang yang dikirim melalui pengangkutan laut sampai di tujuan yang sesuai, tepat waktu dan barang tidak mengalami kerusakan. Dalam hal barang yang dikirim tidak sesuai dengan tempat tujuan dan/atau terlambat dan/atau mengalami kerusakan barang maka forwading bertanggung jawab untuk melakukan penggantian kerugian kepada pemilik barang. Oleh karena itu, guna meminimalisir kerugian forwading terhadap penggantian kerugian tersebut, maka forwading dapat menutup barang-brang yang dikirim dengan asuransi. Adapun bentuk asuransinya adalah asuransi muatan kapal laut (marine cargo insurance) dengan cakupan resiko yang menyesuaikan dengan jenis barang yang akan dikirim meliputi TLO (Total Loss Only, Institute Cargo Clause A (ICC A), Institute Cargo Clause B (ICC B)dan/atau Institute Cargo Clause C (ICC C).

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Krmek, Ivica, Serđo Kos, and David Brčić. "Analytical Research of the Container Ships Cargo Area Fires in the Period From 2010 to 2020." Naše more 69, no. 1 (March 2022): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17818/nm/2022/1.8.

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Container transport by sea has almost doubled in the last decade. Accordingly, container ships’ size has increased significantly, and the latest container ships carry up to 24000 Twenty-foot Equivalent Units (TEU). In the near future, the appearance of container ships with a capacity of 25000 TEUs can be expected on the market, because the design is already available. It is known that 10-12% of transported containers contain International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) cargo. The above stated reasons directly impact the frequency of container ship fires in cargo spaces. According to the Insurance Companies, fires occur on average every two months, and this is a growing problem of container transport by sea. In this paper, 23 fires in the cargo area, either in cargo holds or on deck, were analysed. The analysis results determined the most common causes of fires and have shown that the current fire protection systems on container ships are ineffective. It is unacceptable that firefighting systems’ inefficiency results in the loss of human lives, abandonment of vessels, environmental pollution, and extensive property losses related to cargo and ship structure. Due to all the above, it is necessary to continuously work on new regulatory and technical solutions to improve the fire safety of cargo areas on container ships.

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Sałek, Robert, and Michał Słabik. "The Role of Fastening Loads in the Safety Management of Intermodal Transport of Truck Semi-Trailers." System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 978–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2019-0124.

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AbstractEnsuring transport safety is one of the key areas of transport companies’ operations. Management and organization processes not only in the intermodal transport are associated with decision-making in regard to adequate load securing, which is exposed to the inertia forces resulting from the movement of transport means. Regardless, the responsibility of individual entities in the process and the applicable insurance, the basic aspect to ensure transport safety is the correct securing of the cargo. In the article, the authors present elements of calculation models for different methods of securing cargo. Calculations were performed for the selected type of load on the specific semi-trailer meeting the requirements of the XL Code adapted for intermodal transport. The analysis of safety management in transport in the aspect of decision-making about the method of securing the cargo was also made.

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한창희. "A Study on the Application of English Law in Marine Cargo Insurance." KOOKMIN LAW REVIEW 24, no. 2 (October 2011): 47–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17251/legal.2011.24.2.47.

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Lee, Won-Jeong, and Byung-Ryong Yoo. "Legal Issues in Application of the ISPS Code under Marine Cargo Insurance." Journal of the Korea Safety Management and Science 16, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12812/ksms.2014.16.3.307.

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Kang, Kai, Haonan Qi, Jinxuan Lu, and Jing Zhao. "Dual-Channel Supply Chain Disruption Model and Analysis Under Cargo Transportation Insurance." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 114953–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3004078.

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Ardiansyah. "Utilization of Customs Regulations Related to Import Export Insurance in Supporting the Export Process." Jurnal Abdimas Peradaban 3, no. 1 (January 18, 2022): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/ap.v3i1.5.

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The impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic requires a precise strategy to encourage export activities. This community service activity aims to provide education for practitioners and academics in the insurance sector in understanding more deeply the use of customs regulations related to import export insurance in order to strengthen the important role of trade insurance and marine cargo in supporting the export process. There are various customs regulations that can be used by businesses related to insurance, namely: First, the use of domestic insurance will reduce the payment of import duties and taxes for imports because they are not included in the import value. Second, the use of guarantees from insurance companies (customs bonds) as a solution for paying state levies for companies that are unable to pay off these levies immediately and in utilizing customs facilities aimed at boosting national export performance. Among the customs facilities that can be utilized are bonded zone and Import Facility for Export Purpose (KITE). Both facilities are intended to provide fiscal and procedural facilities to producer exporters. The use of customs facilities requires guarantees for import duties and import taxes. One type of guarantee is a guarantee from an insurance company (customs bond). Based on this activity, participants can take advantage of customs regulations related to import-export insurance which ultimately aims to encourage export activities, especially during this pandemic.

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Kuznetsova, Svitlana A., and Mykola Nazarov. "RETROSPECTS AND PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE CARGO INSURANCE IN INTEGRATED TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS." Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice 2, no. 25 (June 29, 2018): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v2i25.136465.

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Pakhnenko, O., O. Zhuravka, V. Podhorna, and A. Sukhomlyn. "ANALYSIS OF COMPETITIVE POSITIONS OF INSURANCE COMPANIES IN THE NON-LIFE INSURANCE MARKET IN UKRAINE." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu, no. 2 (2019): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2019.2-11.

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The paper explores the practical aspects of forming a competitive environment in the non-life insurance market of Ukraine and analyzes the competitiveness and financial performance of leading insurance companies. Based on the analysis of non-life insurance market concentration indicators, the authors concluded that there is no clear leader in this market, the level of market concentration is negligible. Based on the analysis of non-life insurance market leaders by volume of gross insurance premiums in the whole market and by main types of non-life insurance (CASCO, motor vehicle liability insurance, property insurance, fire and catastrophe risk insurance, CARGO, health insurance) the authors found that the leadership of insurance companies in the market does not mean their leadership in all types of non-life insurance; some insurance companies specialize in certain types of insurance and not being leaders in the insurance market at all occupy leading positions in certain segments of non-life insurance market. In order to provide a general assessment of the competitiveness of individual insurance companies in the non-life insurance market, the following indicators were selected: the volume of gross insurance premiums, gross insurance payments, insurance reserves and the amount of equity. In order to assess the size of market share of an individual insurance company in a more objective way, it is suggested to calculate the average share of the insurance company. The calculations made it possible to identify the leaders of the non-life insurance market in 2018 and to explore the dynamics of changes in their competitive position during 2016-2018. For the three insurance companies that have been identified as the leaders of the Ukrainian market non-life insurance in 2018 (“UNIKA”, “AXA Insurance” and “PZU Ukraine”), the authors analyzed the main indicators of their financial condition, namely the profitability of insurance services, profitability of sales, return on assets, return on equity, overall liquidity, absolute liquidity and autonomy. It was found that all the analyzed insurance companies are profitable, however, among the three leading Ukrainian insurance companies, the most effective in 2018 was the insurance company “PZU Ukraine” and the least profitable – “UNIKA”. Keywords: competitiveness, insurance company, market concentration, market share, competition.

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유중원. "Study on the Law of Marine Cargo Insurance Documents in the International Marine Transportation." Korean Lawyers Association Journal 56, no. 3 (March 2007): 208–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17007/klaj.2007.56.3.006.

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Jungho Yang and 손상수. "A Study on Prerequisites for Attachment of Risks under the Marine Cargo Insurance Contracts." Journal of Shipping and Logistics 29, no. 1 (March 2013): 123–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37059/tjosal.2013.29.1.123.

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Go, Sabine C. P. J. "Shared burdens: The General Average adjustment of the Jan Maria." International Journal of Maritime History 33, no. 2 (May 2021): 322–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08438714211013585.

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The Jan Maria was a Dutch schooner that, in 1883, en route from the Baltic to its home port, was forced to jettison cargo during a fierce storm, which resulted in a General Average (GA) procedure. GA refers to a method that redistributes damages that were deliberately inflicted by the master, in order to save the ship and its cargo, among all those parties that benefited from the action. The report of this procedure of the Jan Maria has been preserved and is exceptional in its completeness. It offers a unique view on a complex procedure and also on the coping mechanisms of small-scale entrepreneurs in a volatile business environment. In this article, I will explain the principle and functioning of GA, and I will argue that, in spite of financial innovations like marine insurance, GA remained an important part of risk management.

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Han, Nak-Hyun, and Gun-Hoon Shin. "A Study on the Assignment of Electronic Marine Cargo Insurance Policy in International Trade Transactions." Korea International Trade Research Institute 16, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 433–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.16980/jitc.16.1.202002.433.

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Boondo Jeong and 윤봉주. "A Study on Liability of Insurers according to Change of Risk in Marine Cargo Insurance." KOREA INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL REVIEW 24, no. 4 (December 2009): 293–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.18104/kaic.24.4.200912.293.

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Yakimov, Aleksandr Yu. "Reflections over the Statutory Basis of Road Traffic Related Activities." Administrative law and procedure 2 (February 11, 2021): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2071-1166-2021-2-10-19.

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The article is devoted to the consideration of the legal framework of activities related to road traffic. It includes road activities, traffic management, production and sales of vehicles, state registration and technical inspection of vehicles, vehicle maintenance and repair, training of vehicle drivers and admission to driving vehicles, mandatory civil liability insurance of vehicle owners, road traffic, passenger and cargo transportation activities. Based on the analysis of individual provisions of the relevant legislative and other normative acts, the existing shortcomings of this legal regulation are identified and proposals for its improvement are formulated.

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Jeong, Boon-do, and Mi-seon Hong. "A Study on the Problems and Countermeasure of the Excepted or Excluded Perils in Cargo Insurance Terms." Korean Academy Of International Commerce 34, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18104/kaic.2019.34.1.29.

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Kundori, Ali Imran Ritonga, Karolus G. Sengadji, and Hilda Emeraldo Ahmad. "Klaim Asuransi Muatan Kapal Laut (Marine Cargo Insurance) sebagai Wujud Pertanggungjawaban Freight Forwarder pada PT Pelayaran Meratus Line." Saintara : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Maritim 5, no. 3 (October 6, 2021): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.52475/saintara.v5i3.113.

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Salah satu kegiatan yang dilakukan freight forwarder adalah bertanggung jawab terhadap sistem pengelolaan pengiriman dan pengaturan barang agar menjadi efisien, tepat, dan aman. Kegiatan freight forwarder menjadi satu-kesatuan yang tidak dapat dihilangkan, informasi dan strategi pengurusan dokumen dan prosedur pengiriman bertujuan untuk memberikan jasa pelayanan atau pengurusan atas seluruh kegiatan yang diperlukan. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengkaji bentuk tanggung jawab perusahaan pelayaran dalam menyelesaikan pertanggung jawaban barang yang dimuat yang mungkin akan rusak atau hilang saat termuat dengan menggunakan kapal niaga serta keperluan dokumen apa saja yang diperlukan untuk pengurusannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan deskriptif untuk menjelaskan proses tersebut, sampel diambil di PT. Pelayaran Meratus Line, representasi diharapkan dapat diberikan oleh sampel ini. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, interview, studi pustaka dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara mereduksi data dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat dijabarkan sebagai berikut: PT. Pelayaran Meratus Line melakukan pengurusan dokumen-dokumen untuk barang yang akan di ekspor dan melakukan pembukaan polis asuransi untuk barang muatan yang akan di angkut, sehingga apabila terjadi kerusakan atau kekurangan kelebihan barang bisa diajukan klaim asuransi sehingga tidak menumbulkan kerugian antara kedua belah pihak perusahaan. Rekomendasi manajerial untuk perusahaan adalah dokumen-dokumen yang diperlukan untuk pengajuan klaim asuransi harus dipersiapkan dari awal secara lengkap dengan tujuan ketika terjadi klaim barang antara perusahaan dan pihak asuransi sudah mampu melakukan disposisi laporan secara optimal.

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Mendes de Leon, Pablo. "Book Review: Air Cargo Insurance, Malcolm A. Clarke & George Leloudas. Informa Law from Routledge. 2016." Air and Space Law 42, Issue 3 (May 1, 2017): 369–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/aila2017024.

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Sitanala, Alex R., Hance Krey, Marthen Rumfabe, Nelman Rumbekwan, Melkias Sanyar, Rimer Hein Biloro, Muda Mofu, Vecky Krey, Nur Alzair, and Ricardo F. Tapilatu. "Coral Reef Damage Caused by The Indinurmatalia07 Grounding in Cross-over Reef, Lemon Island of Manokwari Papua Barat Province." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 989, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/989/1/012030.

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Abstract The cargo ship, Indi Nurmatalia07, ran aground on 07 August, 2021 at 23.00 at ‘Cross Over’ reef in the Dorery Bay – Manokwari. The interim report revealed that the ship’s officer was not able to control the ship when it left Manokwari port due to bad weather condition when the ship left at 19.00. However, report on the cause of bad weather was doubtful because the distance between the port of Manokwari and the incident site is only about 500m. The vessel was later freed from the reef on 10 August 2021 at 19.00 after disembarking shipload. An initial quantitative assessment of damages was conducted by a local team within the grounding site. Four line transect surveys were conducted, each 25m in length and 2m in width, positioned in the left and right of the damaged and undamaged area. Our initial results demonstrated that a total area of 717,02m2 has been damaged by the cargo ship. The type of coral reef formation is patch reef with medium diversity of coral species (mainly genus Acropora, Pocillopora, Coeloseris, Millepora, and Goniopora) and coral cover. Cross over reef has a shallow reef top (between 3-10m depth), slopes down to at least 25m. The reef is subject to high velocity current that might be unsuitable for coral planula to settle permanently. Coral structures were partly crushed and fractured at the edge of the damaged area but totally damaged in central part. The central damaged site has lost remarkable bottom coral structure and diversity from at least 5 different coral genera. By using a comparison study conducted on ship groundings, the Provincial government would sue the cargo ship and insurance company to pay environmental losses due to environmental based on a calculation which considered damage in relation to the ecosystem, economy, society and ecosystem rehabilitation referring to PerMen LH No. 7/2014.

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Sukhov, Philipp, Vladimir Popov, and Viktor Filippov. "Traffic safety management based on integrated assessment of safety level." MATEC Web of Conferences 239 (2018): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823902003.

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The volumes of freight and passenger traffic on the railways of the Russian Federation are increasing every year. Along with the increase in the transportation work, the likelihood of occurrence of undesirable incidents in railway transport increases. The assessment of the level of comprehensive (integrated) safety is an important scientific and technical problem in the current conditions of the functioning of railway transport. The methods used to assess the level of safety do not always meet the requirements of complexity in view of comparison of various-scale violations of traffic safety (crash, accident, faulty operation). The paper proposes a mathematical method for assessing the level of integrated safety in railway transport and calculation of the safety index of train traffic. For the calculation, statistical data for a certain period are used. These data summarized in a specialized dictionary of traffic safety violations, the mathematical treatment of which provides information on the level of integrated safety in railway transport in the Russian Federation. The proposed index allows determining the effectiveness of management decisions in the field of train traffic safety, as well as assessing the effectiveness of implementing certain innovations in the field of traffic safety. It is possible to use data on integrated traffic safety to reduce insurance premiums for cargo insurance on railways.

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Grigorishchin, Aleksey V., Tatyana Yu Sorokina, Maksim Yu Zadorin, Dilmurad B. Yakhyaev, and Irina E. Bashkina. "Economical and Legal Barriers and Its Potential Overcoming During the Northern Sea Route Exploitation in the Context of Pan-Asian Trade." Arctic and North, no. 46 (March 25, 2022): 79–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/issn2221-2698.2022.46.79.

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The article provides a systematic analysis of the critical economic and legal factors affecting the current state of cargo flow in the Northern Sea Route in the convergence of the Asian and European markets. First of all, these are legal norms, environmental standards, economic efficiency and organizational and managerial motives, and the development of transport and port infrastructure along the route of the “historically developed national unified transport communication of Russia in the Arctic”. The authors pro-pose specific steps and recommendations to overcome obstacles that create an unfavorable barrier envi-ronment for logistics companies to strengthen cooperation and interaction on an equal and mutually beneficial basis with Russia and counterparty partners in the market. These include irregular deliveries due to the seasonal functioning of the transport route and ice conditions, a high level of tariffs due to low cargo flow, and the inability to transport return goods. Particular attention is paid to the need for international cooperation to implement large infrastructure projects for the development of the NSR and the industrial and economic development of the Arctic territories. The authors propose specific steps and recommendations to overcome obstacles that create an unfavorable barrier environment for logistics, stevedoring and insurance companies, infrastructure operators, ship-owners and regulatory authorities to enhance cooperation and interaction on Russia’s equal and mutually beneficial basis and counterparty partners in the international market.

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Melzi, Stefano, Edoardo Sabbioni, Michele Vignati, Maurizio Cutini, Massimo Brambilla, Carlo Bisaglia, and Eugenio Cavallo. "Multibody model of fruit harvesting trucks: comparison with experimental data and rollover analysis." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 49, no. 2 (July 9, 2018): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2018.755.

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Fruit harvesting trucks are used to easy and speed-up the work of agricultural operators. These vehicles are provided with a moving cargo bed, which can be raised up to 3 meters from the ground so that workers are closer to the plants top. Due to factors like height of centre of gravity and operation on soft and irregular soil, these vehicles present several safety issues. This research, carried out inside a project funded by INAIL (Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work), analysed the stability of fruit harvesting trucks with particular focus on rollover risk. Experimental tests were carried out to characterise the response of these vehicles. Multibody models of two trucks were then developed and used to determine the rollover angle along a generic direction considering the effect of vehicle configuration and of tire-soil stiffness.

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Guevara-Alarcón, William, Hansjörg Albrecher, and Parvez Chowdhury. "ON MARINE LIABILITY PORTFOLIO MODELING." ASTIN Bulletin 50, no. 1 (December 13, 2019): 61–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asb.2019.36.

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AbstractMarine is the oldest type of insurance coverage. Nevertheless, unlike cargo and hull covers, marine liability is a rather young line of business with claims that can have very heavy and long tails. For reinsurers, the accumulation of losses from an event insured by various Protection and Indemnity clubs is an additional source for very large claims in the portfolio. In this paper, we first describe some recent developments of the marine liability market and then statistically analyze a data set of large losses for this line of business in a detailed manner both in terms of frequency and severity, including censoring techniques and tests for stationarity over time. We further formalize and examine an optimization problem that occurs for reinsurers participating in XL on XL coverages in this line of business and give illustrations of its solution.

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SAZONETS, O. "CONSTRUCTION OF TRANSPORT COMPANY’S INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE." Transport systems and transportation technologies, no. 21 (August 15, 2021): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/tstt2021/237646.

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The purpose of the article is to study the information aspects of the activities of a motor transport enterprise, to build a communication network within the enterprise, which seeks to fully satisfy the needs of society for the transportation of goods and passengers. Methodology. The study was carried out using graph theory - one of the major branches of discrete mathematics, which is widely used in solving economic and management problems. Using these methods, the minimum path in the information network is found. Results. The quality and timeliness of information coming in the forward and backward directions determines the quality of management of individual objects of the road transport system, as well as the possibility of its coordinated functioning in order to fully satisfy the needs of society for the transportation of goods and passengers. The article examines the introduction of information technologies in transport, which are used at all stages of receiving, storing, processing and transmitting information, should fully ensure the timeliness and high quality of information support when making managerial decisions at all levels of the transport system. The general principles of the construction and functioning of motor transport systems are analyzed through the prism of the information procedures implemented in them and the emerging information flows. It has been established that most of the total volume of information processed in a company can be information necessary for the management and control of logistics operations. Since the road transport system is geographically distributed, a modern specialist must master the methods of spatial analysis based on geoinformation technologies. The development of the information and communication infrastructure of a new transport company, which plans to carry out the transportation of goods by road, has been investigated. The company will provide services such as cargo transportation, freight forwarding services, cargo tracking, cargo insurance, settlement of cargo deliveries, cargo unloading and loading. For the optimal placement of the company's network, graph theory is used. An optimal communication network has been built, connecting various departments of the company, namely, the transportation department, the office, the accounting department, the economic planning department, the legal department, the mechanical department, the communications department, and the personnel department. The scientific novelty of the article is the use of the method for constructing an optimal communication network at a trucking company. The practical significance of the work is that this method can be used at any transport company that begins its activity to build communication links between any departments of the company. In this case, these connections will be optimal.

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Kartyshev, D. V. "TRANSFORMATION OF THE INSTITUTIONAL BASE OF WORLD CARGO TRANSPORTATION." Economic innovations 19, no. 2(64) (July 7, 2017): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.2(64).124-128.

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The practice of international merchant shipping and the practice of international trade in goods are interrelated at different levels - from historical to the level of a separate treaty. Here, contracts for the purchase and sale of goods, transportation, insurance, financing, transport and warehouse documents of title are intertwined and interact. The necessary degree of awareness in these issues is an indispensable condition for both successful business activity and for solving the problems of unification of maritime and commercial law. The process of the unification of law began primarily in the field of international transport law. Universal international legal unification of material norms of contracts of sale of goods was held in 1980 in the form of the Vienna Convention. The creation of the Brussels Convention and the Hamburg Rules was preceded by the study of the commercial and economic aspects of the bill of lading in the trade turnover. For example, in 53 paragraphs of the report of the UNCTAD secretariat on a bill of lading, the following issues were covered in various ways: 1) the inversion of a bill of lading; 2) the effectiveness of its role in the sale of goods - in terms of transfer of ownership or risk of damage, as well as in operations related to shipping conditions (for example, FOB, CIF); 3) the role of the bill of lading in the sale of documents; 4) the role of the bill of lading in bank letters of credit; 5) the effectiveness of the bill of lading as a receipt for the goods; 6) the status of a bill of lading as a contract of carriage; 7) the status of a bill of lading as a document of title. In 1996, UNCTAD discussed the proposal to include in its work program a review of existing practices and legislation in the field of international maritime transport of goods with a view to identifying areas that require uniform rules, and with a view to achieving greater harmonization of laws . The proposal was accompanied by information that in existing national laws and international conventions there are significant gaps regarding the functioning of bills of lading and sea waybills, the connection of these transport documents with the rights and obligations of the seller and buyer of goods, the legal status of entities providing financing to one of the parties to the contract of carriage Cargo. In some states there is a regulatory framework for these issues, but it is not uniform. And in many states there is no regulatory framework in this sphere at all. This circumstance is an obstacle to the free movement of goods and increases the value of transactions. The widespread use of electronic means of communication in the transport of goods further exacerbates the consequences of the fragmentation and non-unification of various laws and leads to the need to develop uniform provisions on specific issues related to the use of the applied technologies.

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Munn, Luke. "From the Black Atlantic to Black-Scholes." Cultural Politics 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 92–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/17432197-8017284.

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Rather than being unprecedented, contemporary technologies are the most sophisticated instances of a long-standing dream: if space could be more comprehensively captured and coded, it could be more intensively capitalized. Two moments within this lineage are explored: maritime insurance of slave ships in the eighteenth century, and the Black-Scholes model of option pricing from the twentieth century. Maritime insurance rendered the unknown space of the ocean knowable and therefore profitable. By collecting information at Lloyds, merchants developed a map of threat within the Atlantic, and by writing a 10 percent buffer into slave-ship contracts they internalized contingency. This codification of risk pressured captains and established a logic for the violence enacted on the ship’s human “cargo.” The Black-Scholes formula of option pricing sought to codify the ocean of risk represented by the financial market. The formula mapped stock movements into a knowable stochastic equation. Traders could quantify and hedge against the unpredictable, rendering the stock market a space of riskless profit. However, the 2008 financial crash demonstrated the limits of spatial calculation. Taken together, these two moments demonstrate the historical continuity of a core imperative to exhaustively capitalize space. This historicization also foregrounds the racialized inequalities coded within these informatic logics. Against the bright innovation narratives of technology, this article stresses a longer and darker lineage based on inequality and dispossession.

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Sladkova, A. A. "BASIC TERMS OF DELIVERY AS A DECISIVE FACTOR AFFECTING THE VALIDITY OF A FOREIGN TRADE CONTRACT AND THE CORRECTNESS OF THE CALCULATION OF THE CUSTOMS VALUE OF GOODS." International Trade and Trade Policy 7, no. 2 (June 28, 2021): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2410-7395-2021-2-149-159.

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The article deals with some aspects of the legal regulation of relations between the counterparties of a foreign trade transaction. Based on the results of the analysis of the practice of the International Commercial Arbitration Court at the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation, conclusions are drawn on the application of the provisions of the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods of 1980 in resolving disputes between the parties to a foreign trade contract. The features of using the delivery bases under INCOTERMS 2020 in order to form the transport conditions of a foreign trade contract are revealed, and also, using the example of several delivery bases, it is indicated what transport costs should be charged to the contract value of goods in order to form the correct customs value. Based on the consideration of some court decisions, the role and significance of the delivery basis were determined both for resolving disputes between counterparties in case of accidental damage or loss of cargo during transportation, and for correctly determining the amount of the customs value of goods. A specific example is used to calculate the amounts of transport costs, insurance and customs value for each product when they are delivered together, when the total transport costs and insurance are initially determined for them.

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곽영암 and 김상현. "A Study on Coverage and Enlargement Shipper's Interest Insurance for Cargo Claim in Air Transportation in an Era of e-Business." E-Business Studies 14, no. 1 (March 2013): 181–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.15719/geba.14.1.201303.181.

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지상규. "The Study on English law and practice clauses and insurer’s duty to explain standardized contracts in the marine cargo insurance contract." Seoul Law Review 25, no. 2 (August 2017): 365–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15821/slr.2017.25.2.010.

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Kaewunruen, Sakdirat, Hamad Alawad, and Silviu Cotruta. "A Decision Framework for Managing the Risk of Terrorist Threats at Rail Stations Interconnected with Airports." Safety 4, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety4030036.

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This paper highlights a risk-based decision-making framework on a basis of probabilistic risk assessment (PRA). Its aim is to enable stakeholders of transport infrastructures to systematically and effectively allocate their limited resources and consequently improve resilience when facing the potential risk of a terrorist attack. The potential risk of a terrorist attack affects the inter-operation of transportation infrastructures including airports and rail stations, the regional economy, and imposes additional costs of security or any countermeasures. This novel framework is thus established in order to model the security system, to consider a multitude of threat scenarios, and to assess the decisions and choices taken by the aggressors during various stages of their attack. The framework has capability to identify the state of partial neutralization, which reveals the losses incurred when the terrorist could not reach the primary target. In this study, an underground railway station interconnected to an international airport has been used as a case study to demonstrate the effectiveness of this novel framework. By the rigorous assessment of potential losses during a variety of threat scenarios, four countermeasures that could minimise losses are proposed: screening of passengers by observation techniques (SPOT), a surveillance system, increase of the cargo screening rate, and blast-resistant cargo containers. The cost and efficiency assessment is employed to determine the most suitable countermeasures when the value of the security measures equal their cost. Note that ongoing research is still needed to establish better countermeasures since there is no end to the creativity of terrorists. The new technology, such as wireless sensors, will play an important role in the security system in the future. In particular, this study will help insurance and rail industries to model and manage risk profiles at critical infrastructure.

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Fink, Lisa. "“Sing the Bones Home”: Material Memory and the Project of Freedom in M. NourbeSe Philip’s Zong!" Humanities 9, no. 1 (February 22, 2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h9010022.

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M. NourbeSe Philip’s 2008 book-length poem Zong! represents maritime materialities below the sea’s surface in relation to aesthetic geographies of the sea in the aftermath of slavery as an abyss of loss, thereby extending modernist aesthetics while offering a strategic and revisionary response to male-centered modernist writing. Keen attention into the sea as an innovating and renewing source reveals that the poem imagines the sea as a literal, formal, and thematic agent for the “decontamination” of language—which, Philip maintains, is contaminated by imperialism—and of the received history about slavery. The poem focuses its investigation on the case of the 1781 Zong massacre and the Gregson v. Gilbert maritime insurance case that arose in its wake. Zong! mourns the massacre of 150 Africans who were thrown overboard so that owners of the slave ship could collect insurance money on lost “cargo”. In conversation with Caribbean poets and thinkers, such as Grace Nichols, and African oral traditions, the poem explores forms of memory that go beyond the non-history officially afforded to the enslaved and their descendants. Throughout the poem, the sea is a site of decontamination through which Zong! stages its attempt to recover the unrecoverable. While many scholars have understandably focused on the events aboard the ship, a small number of ecocritical readings have highlighted the poem’s engagement with the materiality of the sea. Drawing on postcolonial ecocriticism and black feminist theories of the human, this article will discuss the sea as a material geography, going deeper to investigate the poem’s rarely discussed focus on biological and chemical materiality as juxtaposed to representations of black women’s flesh, arguing that it functions as a feminist provocation to both human exceptionalism and the racial boundaries of the human.

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Kernychnyi, B., and S. Radynskyy. "Analysis of the current state and trends of the development of transport and logistical service of domestic industrial enterprises." Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 69, no. 2 (2021): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2021.02.083.

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The paper is devoted to the analysis of the state and current problems of transport and logistics services of domestic enterprises under current conditions of strategic priorities and tasks aimed at achieving the comprehensive effect. The subject of the paper is the transport-logistics system as a sophisticated multifunctional complex, serving the demands of the population and industry entities of the business environment. The objective of this investigation is to identify trends in the development of regional transport and logistics systems based on the analysis of statistical and financial and economic indicators of transport services and the conditions of their implementation. The research hypothesis is based on the assumption that the functional-targeted approach to the formation of transport and logistics systems dominates, corresponding to the scientific ideas about the priority role of demand and taking into account the patterns of requirements for quality characteristics of transport services: safety, speed, service technology and payment, insurance. The results of the work are the analysis of financial and economic indicators of transport logistics. The authors carried out the comparative analysis of indices of the transport industry according to the main activities over the past 10 years, investigated the volume of cargo turnover of transport logistics enterprises, identified the main trends in the volume of cargo transportation. It should be noted that the important issue today is to maintain the strategic balance between the introduction of necessary restrictions, on the one hand, and simultaneous support of regional enterprises, on the other. After the pandemic termination, it will be necessary to restore the normal rhythm of life in the social and economic spheres, to revive the processes that are extremely important for regional development. The main directions of further investigations are related to the development of the methodological approach for assessing the contribution of regional transport and logistics systems to the economy. Therefore, a number of recommendations for the authorities which help to overcome the negative pandemic impact on the socio-economic development of the region are developed in this paper.

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이원정. "The Case Study on Inherent Vice of the Subject Matter Insured in Marine Cargo Insurance - Focused on U.K. Supreme Court's Decision in the Cendor Mopu -." KOREA INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL REVIEW 28, no. 1 (March 2013): 141–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18104/kaic.28.1.201303.141.

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Van Dooren, Thom. "Moving Birds in Hawai'i: Assisted Colonisation in a Colonised Land." Cultural Studies Review 25, no. 1 (September 25, 2019): 41–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/csr.v25i1.6392.

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In September 2011, a delicate cargo of 24 Nihoa Millerbirds was carefully loaded by conservationists onto a ship for a three-day voyage to Laysan Island in the remote Northwest Hawaiian Islands. The goal of this effort was to establish a second population of this endangered species, an “insurance population” in the face of the mounting pressures of climate change and potential new biotic arrivals. But the millerbird, or ulūlu in Hawaiian, is just one of the many avian species to become the subject of this kind of “assisted colonisation.” In Hawai'i, and around the world, recent years have seen a broad range of efforts to safeguard species by finding them homes in new places. Thinking through the ulūlu project, this article explores the challenges and possibilities of assisted colonisation in this colonised land. What does it mean to move birds in the context of the long, and ongoing, history of dispossession of the Kānaka Maoli, the Native Hawaiian people? How are distinct but entangled process of colonisation, of unworlding, at work in the lives of both people and birds? Ultimately, this article explores how these diverse colonisations might be understood and told responsibly in an era of escalating loss and extinction.

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Marchenko, Svetlana. "MAIN ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARKET OF AVIATION SERVICES OF UKRAINE." Наукові праці Міжрегіональної Академії управління персоналом. Економічні науки, no. 1(60) (April 30, 2021): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32689/2523-4536/60-5.

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The main aspects of the market of aviation services of Ukraine considered in the article. An assessment of the characteristics of the service. The factors influencing the components of the cost of services substantiated. The interdependence of value and value of services taking into account risks revealed. The purpose of the study is to assess the characteristics of air services and identify the interdependence of value and value of air services, taking into account the risks that will ensure future growth in traffic, which will positively affect the quality of service, financial stability of enterprises, and at the same time. The study of literature sources and approaches to solving the problem showed that given the significant changes in the market of transport airlines, determining the components of the cost of the service requires further study and research. The research in the article carried out in the following logical sequence: the interdependence of the value and cost of air services revealed, taking into account the risks of civil aviation enterprisesю. The substantiation of the economic model of the cost of the service provided by the enterprises of the aviation industry carried out, taking into account the specifics of the activity and the influence of factors. The methodological tools of the study were: the method of questionnaires, the method of expert assessments, systematic analysis and statistical analysis to identify trends and patterns, the study period selected years from 2017 to 2019. The object of study selected aviation services of Ukraine, as the effectiveness of aviation services a decisive factor in ensuring the competitiveness of airlines. The article evaluates the characteristics of services of civil aviation enterprises by harmonizing the value and cost of the service taking into account the risks, which revealed the presence of the following interdependent values and the cost of the service, in particular, components of the cost of service provided by civil aviation enterprises. Cargo characteristics cost of loading and unloading works, fixed costs, variable costs, insurance, tax-on-cargo and profit. The results of the study can be useful for the management structures of airlines involved in the restoration and development of national aviation.

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Kim, Kwan Woo. "Characteristics of forklift accidents in korean industrial sites." Work 68, no. 3 (March 26, 2021): 679–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203402.

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BACKGROUND: Although using forklifts in industrial sites contributes to productivity, many workers have been injured or killed owing to industrial accidents caused by forklifts. OBJECTIVE: This study analyzed the characteristics of forklift accidents by employment type and work process, thereby identifying the factors contributing to industrial accidents and providing recommendations to prevent accidents. METHODS: Data on 1,061 industrial forklift accidents occurring in 2018 collected from the national injury insurance compensation database were analyzed. In addition to analyzing the accident characteristics, this study performed a risk assessment per forklift work process. RESULTS: Many accidents were associated with older workers, those employed for < 6 months, and workplaces with ≤49 workers. The risk was the highest for accidents involving caught-in objects in the loading/unloading step and collision accidents in the forward- and backward-driving steps. CONCLUSIONS: Measures are needed to prevent industrial forklift accidents. First, forklift and worker movement routes must be strictly separated or controlled by a work supervisor. It is necessary to secure a time margin for workers to avoid collapsing cargo by using an appropriate tool/jig during loading/unloading. Second, guidance, inspection, and support are needed to promote employers’ safety and health awareness in workplaces with < 50 workers. Lastly, intensive education and training concerning health and safety is required for workers with less than six months of experience.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cargo Insurance'

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